Relevant bibliographies by topics / Grass root economy

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Grass root economy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Grass root economy"

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Bachtiar, Yannefri. "Posdaya Bina Sejahtera Kota Bogor sebagai Model Pemberdayaan Kemandirian Masyarakat Akar Rumput." Agrokreatif Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 2, no. 1 (October 20, 2016): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/agrokreatif.2.1.31-38.

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As a part of the concern to the grass root society, Bogor Agricultural University had been established family empowerment station (Posdaya) the model of community development since 2007. The purpose of Posdaya is to increase the capacity of grass root society to fulfil their need of live by their social capital development. For this purposes the action research was done to explore the appropriate strategy for social facilitation approach in developing their capacity in education, health, economy, and environment. Until 2010, there was 106 Posdaya at Bogor, Cianjur, and Sukabumi area. Posdaya Bina Sejahtera Kelurahan Pasir Mulya Bogor was one of a good example in developing Posdaya that has been established at 8<sup>th</sup> May 2007. In the initiative phase, several activities had been done, included survey of the potency of community development, mini-workshop, meeting, training, coordinating, and empowering. In the implementation phase, several result had been yielded included organizational establishment, action plan, readiness of cadre, core activities development in education (pre-school and moving library), health services (post health services, geriatric health services, children family planning), economy (<em>syari’ah</em> microfinance institutionalization, small business for food production, and handy-craft), environment (environmental based agribusiness and household waste management). Action research concluded that Posdaya was empowerment strategy in developing grass root society by bottom up program on their self-reliance capacity in using local and potential resources. Posdaya was the institutionalization of social capital that relevant to the need of grass root society in developing education, health, economy, and environment. By these approach Posdaya considered as a proved model of community development in developing both physical and non physical of the society.
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Meisina, Bordoni, Vercesi, Maerker, Ganimede, Reguzzi, Capelli, Mazzoni, Simoni, and Gagnarli. "Effects of Vineyard Inter-Row Management on Soils, Roots and Shallow Landslides Probability in the Apennines, Lombardy, Italy." Proceedings 30, no. 1 (December 25, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019030041.

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Cultivation of grapevines in sloping soils is very widespread all over the world, representing also a fundamental branch of the local economy of several hilly zones. Vineyards can be managed in different ways especially the inter-rows. These management practices may influence deeply soil properties and grapevine root development. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the effects of different agronomical practices of inter-rows on soil properties, grapevine root systems and proneness towards shallow landslides. We focused on traditional agricultural techniques of tillage and permanent grass cover as well as the alternation of these two practices between adjacent inter-rows. The studied parameters were: (i) soil physical and hydrological properties; (ii) soil biodiversity; (iii) root density; (iv) root mechanical properties and root reinforcement; (v) probability of occurrence of shallow landslides. The research was conducted in several test-sites of the Oltrepò Pavese (Lombardy region, north-western Italy), one of the most important Italian zones for wine production in northern Italian Apennines. Among the examined soil properties, soil hydraulic conductivity was the most influenced one by different soil management practices. The absence of soil tillage allowed to increase superficial (first 0.2 m of soil) hydraulic conductivity, as a consequence of higher macroporosity and amount in organic matter. Within the soil biological features, soil microarthropod communities showed more complexity where permanent grass cover or alternation management of the inter-rows were applied. Regarding the features of the grapevine root system, vineyards with alternation management of inter-rows had the highest root density and the strongest root reinforcement, of up to 45% in comparison to permanent grass cover, and up to 67–73% in comparison to tilled vineyards. As a consequence, slopes with medium steepness (10–18°) were unstable if inter-rows of vineyards were tilled, while vineyards with permanent grass cover or alternation in the inter rows promoted the stability of slopes with higher steepness (> 21–25° for vineyards with permanent grass cover in the inter rows, 28–33° for vineyards with alternation). The results of this study yielded important information to establish effective management practices of vineyards such as conserving organic matter and reducing slope instabilities by a better development of the root apparatus. Possible land use managements acting as mitigation measures for shallow landslides susceptibility could be also implemented. This work was supported by the project Oltrepò BioDiverso, funded by Fondazione Cariplo in the frame of AttivAree Program.
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Zhang, Nan. ""The New Economy and the Old Morality": Reimagining a Liberal Culture in Howards End." MFS Modern Fiction Studies 69, no. 3 (September 2023): 393–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mfs.2023.a905743.

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Abstract: Attentive to the transmutation of British liberalism as a political philosophy in the early twentieth century, this essay examines how E. M. Forster's Howards End brings together multiple intellectual sources that trouble standard divisions between liberal and conservative affiliations in reimagining a liberal culture. From the root and branch image of the wych-elm to the "sweetness and light" (79) of the grass, and to the "little platoon" (136) of Howards End, the essay offers fresh interpretations of Forster's novel and reconnects his work with a group of thinkers as diverse as Edmund Burke, William Gladstone, Herbert Spencer, Matthew Arnold, Hobhouse, and John Maynard Keynes.
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Marczak, Daria, Krzysztof Lejcuś, Iwona Lejcuś, and Jakub Misiewicz. "Sustainable Innovation: Turning Waste into Soil Additives." Materials 16, no. 7 (April 6, 2023): 2900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16072900.

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In recent years, a dynamic increase in environmental pollution with textile waste has been observed. Natural textile waste has great potential for environmental applications. This work identifies potential ways of sustainably managing natural textile waste, which is problematic waste from sheep farming or the cultivation of fibrous plants. On the basis of textile waste, an innovative technology was developed to support water saving and plant vegetation- biodegradable water-absorbing geocomposites (BioWAGs). The major objective of this study was to determine BioWAG effectiveness under field conditions. The paper analyses the effect of BioWAGs on the increments in fresh and dry matter, the development of the root system, and the relative water content (RWC) of selected grass species. The conducted research confirmed the high efficiency of the developed technology. The BioWAGs increased the fresh mass of grass shoots by 230-420% and the root system by 130-200% compared with the control group. The study proved that BioWAGs are a highly effective technology that supports plant vegetation and saves water. Thanks to the reuse of waste materials, the developed technology is compatible with the assumptions of the circular economy and the goals of sustainable development.
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Hasan, Md Mahmud, and Jobayda Gulshan Ara. "Political Economy of Local Level Budgeting in Bangladesh: A Critical Analysis." Space and Culture, India 10, no. 2 (September 29, 2022): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v10i2.1281.

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Accompanying the estimation of revenue and expenditure, the local level budget manifests a grassroots area's development plan for a defined period. In Bangladesh, the Union Parishad (UP), the lowest tier of local government, is obliged to prepare its annual budget by ensuring people's participation through various mechanisms and committees following the Local Government (Union Parishad) Act, 2009. With this background, the study explores the UPs' budgeting procedure to identify the influential actors and effectiveness of people's participation from political economy perspectives. Following the qualitative case study approach, this study was conducted on the four Union Parishads in Sylhet, Sunamganj, Cumilla and Narsingdi districts. It follows the in-depth interview and Focus Group Discussion techniques to collect primary data from the UP chairman, members, Upazila Nirbahi Officers (UNO), and other members of various UP committees. The finding shows that mechanisms like Ward Committee (WC), Ward Shava (WS), Standing Committee (SC), Planning Committee (PC) and Social Mapping for ensuring people's participation are not working accordingly. In most cases, these committees are confined to the papers. In practice, the budgeting procedure is dominated by the politically and economically empowered groups, e.g. UP chairman and his allies, ruling party members, local elites and bureaucrats, which is hindering the socio-economic development at the grass-root level in Bangladesh.
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Setiawan, Ikwan, Albert Tallapessy, and Andang Subaharianto. "The Mobilization of Using Cultures and Local Government’s Political-Economy Goals in Post-Reformation Banyuwangi." Jurnal Humaniora 29, no. 1 (February 27, 2017): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jh.22561.

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This article deals with an ethnic identity-based-power through the mobilization of Using cultures in Banyuwangi under local government policies in post-Reformation. By juxtaposing Foucauldian discourse, Gramscian hegemony, and political economy perspective, we discuss some cultural projects conducted by two Banyuwangi regents in post-Reformation periods, Samsul Hadi (2000-2005) and Abdullah Azwar Anas (2010-2015 and re-elected for 2016-2021 period). With different emphasized aspects, both of them created programs, which incorporated and mobilized Using cultures for accomplishing their political economy goals. Samsul legalized Using cultural expression, such as a local dance and language, as the way to strengthen the dominant-ethnic identity and reach consensus for his political authority. In more sparkling activities, Anas has transformed Using identity into various carnival programs, which, in one side, have supported tourism industry and, in other side, have helped him in gaining consensus for his hegemonic position. However, in the context of real cultural empowerment, those programs have not given positive effect for the cultural worker in the grass root.
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Setiawan, Ikwan, Albert Tallapessy, and Andang Subaharianto. "The Mobilization of Using Cultures and Local Government’s Political-Economy Goals in Post-Reformation Banyuwangi." Jurnal Humaniora 29, no. 1 (February 27, 2017): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jh.v29i1.22561.

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This article deals with an ethnic identity-based-power through the mobilization of Using cultures in Banyuwangi under local government policies in post-Reformation. By juxtaposing Foucauldian discourse, Gramscian hegemony, and political economy perspective, we discuss some cultural projects conducted by two Banyuwangi regents in post-Reformation periods, Samsul Hadi (2000-2005) and Abdullah Azwar Anas (2010-2015 and re-elected for 2016-2021 period). With different emphasized aspects, both of them created programs, which incorporated and mobilized Using cultures for accomplishing their political economy goals. Samsul legalized Using cultural expression, such as a local dance and language, as the way to strengthen the dominant-ethnic identity and reach consensus for his political authority. In more sparkling activities, Anas has transformed Using identity into various carnival programs, which, in one side, have supported tourism industry and, in other side, have helped him in gaining consensus for his hegemonic position. However, in the context of real cultural empowerment, those programs have not given positive effect for the cultural worker in the grass root.
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K, Rangasubramanian. "TOWARDS A DIGITAL INDIA: AN OVERVIEW OF CHALLENGES, SUCCESSES AND OPPORTUNITIES." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 02 (February 28, 2021): 874–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12528.

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As one of the worlds foremost emerging markets, India holds great potential in areas of trade, technology, innovation and manufacturing. An important facilitator for this would be the digital connectivity and permittivity in the country. Digitalization of processes and services across its length and breadth would help pave the way for more industrialization and development in the fastest growing economy. It is important to note that India has made rapid strides in this and achieved a lot of digital permittivity. While the huge population of India and its industrious populace offer a huge opportunity in this direction, many challenges remain in navigating this path. Digitalization ultimately has to reach the grass root level and this paper examines these aspects on a broad scale.
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Anh, Nguyen Thi. "One Village One Product (OVOP) in Japan to One Tambon One Product (OTOP) in Thailand: Lessons for Grass Root Development in Developing Countries." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 4, no. 12 (December 31, 2013): 529–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v4i12.794.

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Following the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis, Thailand’s economy which did rely on external capital and resources suffered from an imbalanced economic growth. As a solution to the economic restructuring process, endogenous development concept proved to be an alternative development paradigm which prioritizes the community development, human empowerment in the transformation of local resources. Accordingly, One Tambon One Product (OTOP) was designed to unlock grass-root potentials by generating income through developing local products in a national, regional, and global scale. This initiative was first developed under the name of One Village One Product (OVOP) by local people in the poorest Oita Prefecture, Japan in 1961. The aim of the paper is to compare two development models of OVOP and OTOP. The comparative study draws useful lessons from the experience of OTOP for future applications of the OVOP model in developing economies. The paper finds that there are inevitable differences in terms of administration, finance management, human resource management, and marketing promotion management between bottom-up OVOP in Japan and top-down OTOP because of social diversity, political culture, and economic capability in Thailand. The paper contributes to provide a comparative study into models of sustainable development in the context of increasing gap between the urban and rural in globalization.
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Agrawal, Reena. "Constraints And Challenges Faced By Women Entrepreneurs In Emerging Market Economy And The Way Forward." JWEE, no. 3-4 (December 17, 2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.28934/jwee18.34.pp1-19.

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It is well acknowledged fact thatentrepreneurship is an engine of economic growth and social development. Women entrepreneurship though has been growing around the world, but the evidences suggest that women entrepreneurscontinue to be adversely affected by the numerous socio-economic issues in the male dominated business societies, which hugely undermine the morale of women entrepreneurs.The current study was taken up to investigate the working of twenty sevenwomen entrepreneurs working on micro and small levels, in different areas of Uttar Pradesh (India), who have created employment opportunities for thousands of people living at grass root level and also created new prospects for the rural artisans in theirregion. The study aims to explore the various the obstacles faced by the women entrepreneurs working in different areas of Uttar Pradesh (India),analyze the impact of the prevailing constraints and challenges on the progress of these women entrepreneurs, and recommend the aspects that he to be looked into by the policy makers, to address the issues and challenges. It is also anticipated that the findings will bring to light valuable insights, which might be used by the policymakers, organization and institutions who intend to assist more and more entrepreneurs, especially women entrepreneurs, to venture into businesses. The study revealed multifarious constraints and challenges faced by the women during their entrepreneurial journey. In the current study we have tried to classify these constraints into four broad categories: Socio-Cultural Issues; Economic Issues; Psychological Issues and Managerial Issues.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Grass root economy"

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Lyle, Julia A. "The Grass-Roots Challenges with Administration: Conscription Evasion, Contraband, and Resistance in Napoleonic Europe." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1233.

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The French model of the nineteenth century led the way to modernity in establishing centralized administrative governments throughout Continental Europe. Several Napoleonic policies that led to the establishment of a modern centralized state were not positive in their effects on the local communities. Research widely categorizes resistance to the Napoleonic program as either militarily or economically based. This study uses the French court cases from the Court of Cassation dated 1804 to 1820 to provide a different interpretation to the discussion of local resistance to Napoleonic authority on an international level. Conscription fraud, contraband, and resistance to government officials reveal that the local reaction in the French jurisdiction was based on contempt for both economic and military policies. The research exhibits that the grass-roots nature of the resistance against the economic and military policies experienced under the Napoleonic umbrella were comparatively similar in local opposition.
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Pilarski, Geraldo. "Food security in Latin America and grass roots political economy an ethical approach to poverty, hunger and integral liberation /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.

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Armah, Collins. "Poverty as an Abuse of Human Rights in Ghana. : A grass roots perspective on poverty and human rights." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Historia, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-4901.

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The study aimed at getting a grass root opinion on poverty and why Ghana is still poor after 50 years of independence in spite of her richness in natural resources, second largest producer of cocoa in the word and appreciable stable political environment. The opinions of the ordinary people in the Bia district and their observed living conditions was analysed in line with theoretical basis of the study and previous studies to justify the stance that poverty should be considered as an abuse of human rights. It was concluded based on position of informants and previous data available that though many factors have been raised by previous scholars as the cause of poverty, the actions and inactions of both internal and external power-holders is the main source of poverty in Ghana. It was proposed that for poverty to be reduced in a sustainable way there should be strong civil society groups and active citizens through civic education to hold power-holders accountable. Until the actions and inactions of power-holders which have subjected many Ghanaians into intergenerational poverty are seen as human rights abuse, the rights of many Ghanaians would be constantly abused. This will eventually defeat the promotion of human rights culture in Ghana.
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Bouzigard, Michael Anthony. "An analysis of grass-roots co-operative economic development in Nova Scotia and Caribbean missions (1930-1960) : case studies in the light of Catholic social teaching and social capital theory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433393.

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SYED, Shan E. Raza. "Jugaad – a road map for innovation?" Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/938287.

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Se è vero che l'innovazione si propone di dare valore per l'utente, è vero anche che le percezioni di tale valore possono variare a seconda dei bisogni e dei desideri. Le esigenze motivano a cercare soluzioni nuove. E l'adeguatezza della soluzione è legata anche (sebbene non solo) alle caratteristiche sociali, economiche e culturali del contesto in cui la soluzione viene applicata. Le condizioni di contesto possono generare vincoli che a loro volta possono anche indurre a pensare in modo diverso e a inventare una soluzione “intelligente”. In sostanza quello che si vuole sostenere è che se la necessità è la madre dell’invenzione, il vincolo è il “padre” dello Jugaad.Il Jugaad è un modo creativo di soddisfare i propri bisogni emergenti in condizioni di risorse limitate. Si tratta di un approccio reattivo alle difficoltà, ai problemi e alle necessità. Il termine Jugaad (usato in India e Pakistan) è generalmente associato a soluzioni di fortuna e/o interventi malamente effettuati ed è spesso confuso con l'innovazione e l’invenzione.Lo scopo di questa ricerca è quello di evidenziare le caratteristiche principali del fenomeno Jugaad e di capire il suo posizionamento rispetto ai fenomeni di invenzione ed innovazione. Ciò che in questo studio si sostiene è che il Jugaad sia principalmente un fenomeno culturale scatenato dalle esigenze locali, dall'ingegno locale, dall’orientamento culturale e dai vincoli sociali per trovare una soluzione praticabile in situazioni particolari. Esso prevale in condizioni di mancata applicazione di leggi e regolamenti.In questo lavoro, facendo uso di un approccio di ricerca qualitativo di tipo auto-etnografico, abbiamo proposto la distinzione tra Jugaad, invenzione ed innovazione. Ciò ha permesso di pervenire a tre forme di Jugaad quali il Jugaad per la sopravvivenza, il Jugaad creativo ed il Jugaad innovativo.Uno degli aspetti su cui abbiamo puntato particolare attenzione è relativo al ruolo della conoscenza tacita nella realizzazione del Jugaad, anche alla luce di un gap rilevato nella letteratura nell’associare la conoscenza tacita al concetto di Jugaad. Abbiamo anche provato a mettere in evidenza diverse caratteristiche strategiche di Jugaad nelle dimensioni sociali, culturali, economiche e tacite, ed abbiamo inoltre analizzato le dimensioni culturali di Hofstede e la loro possibile rilevanza nel fenomeno Jugaad al fine di trovare alcune interessanti conclusioni. Ritenendo che il Jugaad creativo ed il Jugaad innovativo abbiano il potenziale per procedere verso un concetto di innovazione sostenibile, abbiamo proposto vari modelli concettuali per sfruttare la conoscenza tacita utilizzando le due forme di Jugaad sopracitate.
If it is true that innovation aims to give value to the user, it is also true that perceptions of this value may also vary depending upon the needs and desires. The needs motivate you to look for new solutions. And the adequacy of the solution is also linked (though not only) to the social, economic and cultural context in which the solution is applied. The contextual conditions can generate constraints which in turn can also lead you to think differently and to invent a "smart solution". We would like to argue that if necessity is the mother of invention, similarly the constraint is the father of Jugaad. The Jugaad is a creative way to meet acute needs in the condition of limited resources. It is a reactive approach to the difficulties, problems and needs. The term Jugaad (used in India and Pakistan) is usually loosely associated to makeshift solutions and/or ugly fixes and is often confused with innovation and invention.The purpose of current research is to highlight the main features of Jugaad phenomenon and understand its positioning with respect to the phenomena of invention and innovation. The current study proposes that Jugaad is mainly a cultural phenomenon that is triggered by local needs, local ingenuity, cultural orientation and social constraints to find a viable solution in particular situations. It prevails in conditions of lack of enforcement of laws and regulations.In the current research, by using qualitative research methodology with an autoethnographic approach, we proposed the distinction between Jugaad, invention and innovation. This allowed us to propose three forms of Jugaad such as survival Jugaad, creative Jugaad and innovative Jugaad.One of the aspects on which we have specially focused is the role of tacit knowledge in the realization of Jugaad, also in light of a gap found in literature in associating tacit knowledge to the Jugaad context. We also attempted to highlight several strategic features of Jugaad in social, cultural, economic and tacit dimensions. In addition, we have also attempted to analyze the cultural dimensions of Hofstede and their possible relevance in Jugaad phenomenon in order to come up with some interesting conclusions.Considering that the creative Jugaad and innovative Jugaad have the potential to proceed towards sustainable innovation, we proposed conceptual models to exploit the tacit knowledge by using aforementioned two forms of Jugaad.
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Books on the topic "Grass root economy"

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Prasad, Kamta. Planning at the grass roots. New Delhi: Sterling Publishers, 1988.

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Dogra, Bharat. Punjab, grass-roots problems and solutions. Ludhiana: Shahid Bhagat Singh Research Committee, 1988.

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V, Krishnamurthy B., and Tripathi P. M. 1935-, eds. Grass without roots: Rural development under government auspices. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1985.

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1932-, Roberts Richard C., ed. The Weber River Basin: Grass roots democracy and water development. Logan: Utah State University Press, 1994.

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Ibrahim, Saad Eddin. An assessment of grass roots participation in the development of Egypt. [Cairo, Egypt]: American University in Cairo Press, 1997.

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Sandra, Featherman, Women and Foundations/Corporate Philanthropy, Temple University. Center for Public Policy., Samuel Fels Fund, and Valentine Foundation, eds. Statements from the grass roots: Women breaking the continuum of poverty. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University, 1989.

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Long, J. Bradford De. On the existence and interpretation of a "Unit root" in U.S. GNP. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1988.

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Cécora, James. Cultivating grass-roots for regional development in a globalising economy: Innovation and entrepreneurship in organised markets. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1999.

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Eriks, Ruskulis Otto, ed. Building bridges with the grass roots: Scaling-up through knowledge sharing. London: ITDG Publishing, 2005.

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Ben-David, Dan. The great wars, the great crash, and the unit root hypothesis: Some new evidence about an old stylized fact. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Grass root economy"

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Liu, Xiaoliang. "Grass-Roots Governance of Urban Risk Prevention and Control." In Public Economy and Urban Governance in China, 141–61. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3928-2_6.

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Salgado, Sonia M. L., and Willian C. Terra. "The root-knot nematode: importance and impact on coffee in Brazil." In Integrated nematode management: state-of-the-art and visions for the future, 238–44. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247541.0033.

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Abstract Coffee (Coffea spp.) is a crop of significant importance for Brazilian agribusiness, which in 2019 generated a gross revenue of US$3.73 billion. As a perennial crop, coffee stays in the field for many years, subjected to nematode parasitism from the seedling stage throughout the economic life of the plantation. In Brazil, it is a challenge for growers to produce coffee in the presence of the root-knot nematodes (RKN). Meloidogyne paranaensis and M. incognita are the most destructive species and their spread has expanded in recent years. This chapter discusses the economic importance, geographical distribution, host range, damage symptoms, biology and life cycle, interactions with other nematodes and pathogens, recommended integrated management, and management optimization of Meloidogyne paranaensis and M. incognita infesting coffee in Brazil.
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Machay, Byron, Carlos Ruiz, Natalia Contero, and Diana Nogales. "Assisted Pedagogy: Robot Alpha for Gross Motor Learning in Sublevel I." In Innovation and Research - A Driving Force for Socio-Econo-Technological Development, 203–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11438-0_17.

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Caouette, Dominique. "Constructing and Controlling People’s Power from the Grass Roots: Philippine Social Movement Activism in a Historical Perspective." In Economic and Political Change in Asia and Europe, 243–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4653-4_15.

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Patil, Rashmi Anoop, Sven Kevin van Langen, and Seeram Ramakrishna. "Circularity at Nano Level: A Product/Service Perspective." In Circularity Assessment: Macro to Nano, 87–98. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9700-6_6.

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AbstractImplementation of the CE principles at the grass-root level requires closing the loop of products’ life cycles, one that warrants extensive rework at every stage of the life cycle from design to end-of-life. Therefore, the circularity assessment of products/services for their entire life cycle becomes critical. In this work, we present the circularity assessment of products/services (considered as the nano level in the economic hierarchy) unlike the prior art and provide a comprehensive metric required for this assessment. The chapter begins with a brief explanation of the need for such an evaluation. Then, continues with a discussion on the state-of-the-art assessment of a product along with a list of various indicators that have been implemented in the circularity measurements at the nano level. This theoretical background is complemented with real-world case studies of Levi’s jeans and surgical face masks for a better understanding of the concept. Then, the concept of materials utilization efficiency, a key factor in conceiving and designing circular products/services, is presented as a logical conclusion to the chapter.
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Aurenhammer, Peter K. "Poverty Reduction Through Forest Development Interventions? Grass-Root Responses to Forest Aid: Economic Miracles or the Satisfaction of Basic Needs?" In Development Cooperation Policy in Forestry from an Analytical Perspective, 157–212. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4957-3_5.

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Durst, Judit, and Ábel Bereményi. "“I Felt I Arrived Home”: The Minority Trajectory of Mobility for First-in-Family Hungarian Roma Graduates." In Social and Economic Vulnerability of Roma People, 229–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52588-0_14.

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AbstractThis chapter explores the upward social mobility trajectories, and the corollary prices of them for those 45, first-in-family college educated Roma in Hungary who come from socially disadvantaged and marginalised family and community background. We argue that among the academically high-achieving participants of our study the most common upward mobility trajectory, contrary to the common belief of assimilation, is their distinctive minority mobility path which leads to their selective acculturation into the majority society. This distinctive incorporation into the mainstream is close to what the related academic scholarship calls the ‘minority culture of mobility’. The three main elements of this distinct mobility trajectory among the Roma are (1) The construction of a Roma middle class identity that takes belonging to the Roma community as a source of pride, in contrast of the widespread racial stereotypes in Hungary (and all over Europe) that are closely tied to the perception of Roma as a member of the underclass, (2) The creation of grass-roots ethnic (Roma) organizations and (3) The practice of giving back to their people of origin that relegate many Roma professionals to a particular segment of the labour market, in jobs to help communities in need. However, we argue that in the case of the Hungarian Roma, these elements of the minority culture of mobility did not serve the purpose of their economic mobility as the original concepts (Neckerman et al. Ethnic and Racial Studies 22(6):945–965, 1999) posits, but to mitigate the price of changing social class and to make sense of the hardship of their social ascension.
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Cécora, James. "Behavioural Dynamics at the Grass-Root Level: Innovation and Entrepreneurship as Functions of Personality, Social Structures and Cultural Configurations." In Cultivating Grass-Roots for Regional Development in a Globalising Economy, 48–59. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429463495-3.

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Shirolkar, Shweta Devendra, Madhuri Shete, Rajashri Kadam, and Meenal Pendse. "Green Entrepreneurship Paving a Way to Sustainable Development." In International Perspectives on Value Creation and Sustainability Through Social Entrepreneurship, 109–31. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4666-9.ch007.

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Entrepreneurship is defined as the process of starting or launching a new business with innovative products and services with an intention of not only generating profits but also value to different stakeholders along with its risk. Due to global concerns of climate change and sustainability, consumers have started consuming green products and showing their socially responsible behavior. There is a need to bring change in sustainable production and consumption. This problem can be solved at grass root level by new enterprises that are keen on solving these concerns. So, the transformation of green economy can be entrepreneur-driven by those who have innovative and sustainable ideas which are commercially viable. Hence, the objective of the chapter is to investigate the concept of green entrepreneurship, green innovations in business, and its significance. The chapter also explains the future perspectives and trends of green entrepreneurship paving a way to sustainable development.
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Seyd, Patrick, and Paul Whiteley. "Political Ideology and Party Membership." In Labour’s Grass Roots, 118–45. Oxford University PressOxford, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198273578.003.0009.

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Abstract In Chapter 3 we examined in outline some of the political attitudes of party members in the survey. In general, our conclusions were that they regard political principles as being important; that they are critical of the market economy, and prefer more public intervention and the public. provision of services; that they believe that the bargaining rights of trade unions should be maintained; and finally, that they dislike Britain’s possession of nuclear weapons, and want to cut overall spending on defence. In this chapter we will examine the attitudes and beliefs of the members in more detail, addressing the question of whether or not those attitudes are structured around a core set of beliefs which can be described as an ideology. The aim is to examine the extent to which political attitudes and beliefs are correlated with each other, or in the words of one influential writer, ideologically
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Conference papers on the topic "Grass root economy"

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Xu, Yanwen. "The Investigation of Grass-roots Demand about the Land Policy." In First International Conference Economic and Business Management 2016. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/febm-16.2016.21.

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Mou, Wenyu, and Man Jiang. "Research on the Construction of Grass-roots Talent Team in the Process of Rural Revitalization." In 7th International Conference on Economy, Management, Law and Education (EMLE 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220306.053.

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Chen, Fangbin. "Thinking on Innovating the Service Mechanism of Grass-Roots Trade Union Organizations — Taking Zhongshan City as an Example." In 2020 International Conference on Management, Economy and Law (ICMEL 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201111.037.

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Zhang, Miao, and ZhuoWen Jin. "The Study on the Development Mode of Ningxia Rural Grass-roots Economic Organizations." In 2017 3rd International Conference on Economics, Social Science, Arts, Education and Management Engineering (ESSAEME 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/essaeme-17.2017.417.

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Petrushevska, Dragana, and Marija Trpkova-Nestorovska. "Investigating the Interplay of Economy and Environment in the Western Balkan and Neighboring Countries Using Vecm Approach." In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2023.0011.

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The relationship between economic development and carbon dioxide emissions in the Western Balkans and the neighboring countries has been a subject of significant interest and study. Economic development, which involves increased industrialization, urbanization, trade, household, and energy consumption, is often associated with higher carbon dioxide emissions due to the burning of fossil fuels. Researchers have investigated how various factors such as economic growth, population size, energy mix, and technological advancements influence carbon dioxide emissions in different regions of the world. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the carbon dioxide emissions and a set of economic factors which include gross domestic product, trade, household consumption and energy use, using the panel vector error correction model. The analysis includes nine countries from the Western Balkans and the neighboring countries and annual data for the period 2000 – 2019. The research uses panel unit root tests, cointegration testing and estimation of vector error correction model. The model has confirmed that shocks that emerge in gross domestic product, total trade and household consumption increase the carbon dioxide emission in the long-term. The effect from the private (household) consumption is with the highest intensity, compared to other factors. A shock in trade causes a decline in carbon dioxide emissions in the long-term.
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Liu, Yifan, Yingxia Yu, Zhihuan Zeng, and Yun Zhang. "Study on Construction of Performance Appraisal System for Railway Grass-roots Units Based on TQM." In 2018 2nd International Conference on Education Science and Economic Management (ICESEM 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icesem-18.2018.223.

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Shang, Yi-jun, Jia-ming Ma, and Na Guo. "Research on the Cultivation Path of the Grass-roots Party Construction in Universities under Micro-vision." In 2017 2nd International Seminar on Education Innovation and Economic Management (SEIEM 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/seiem-17.2018.35.

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Lu, Zhengze, Jianghua Huang, and Feng Tian. "Thoughts on Improving the Quality and Efficiency of Grass-roots Financial Management Under the New Situation." In 2021 3rd International Conference on Economic Management and Cultural Industry (ICEMCI 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211209.213.

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Tan, Jingrong. ""Fengqiao Experience" and the Innovative Path of Grass-roots Social Governance From the Perspective of "the Integration of Three Governance"." In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Economy, Judicature, Administration and Humanitarian Projects (JAHP 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jahp-19.2019.82.

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Jianjiong, Zheng. "Study on the Social Inclusion of Postgraduate-level Talents in Grass-roots Unit A Case Study of D County of Guizhou Province." In Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Economy, Management and Entrepreneurship (ICOEME 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icoeme-18.2018.23.

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Reports on the topic "Grass root economy"

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Schling, Maja, Roberto Guerrero Compeán, Nicolás Pazos, Allison Bailey, Katie Arkema, and Mary Ruckelshaus. The Economic Impact of Sargassum: Evidence from the Mexican Coast. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004470.

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This paper assesses the local economic impact of pelagic Sargassum seaweed washed ashore in tourism-heavy coastal zones in the Mexican State of Quintana Roo. The study relies on a carefully designed Geographic Information Systems (GIS) dataset of monthly observations from 2016 to 2019 for 157 beach segments. The dataset comprises an innovate measure of Sargassum seaweed presence, remotely sensed nighttime light intensity as a proxy of economic growth, as well as information on key infrastructure, sociodemographic and beach characteristics. We apply a fixed-effects regression model that controls for general time trends and unobserved, time-invariant differences across observations. We estimate that the presence of Sargassum in a beach segment reduces nighttime light intensity by 17.5%, representing an approximate 11.6% decrease in gross local product. Considering that impacts of Sargassum on local economic activity may be delayed due to reputational effects, our analysis finds that significant lagged effects can be detected up until 12 months after Sargassum was detected on the shoreline. These effect sizes range between a 5.9 and a 9.9% reduction in gross local product. Various robustness checks, including an adjusted measurement of Sargassum and the consideration of potential spatial correlation across beach segments, indicate that estimated impacts are consistently significant and negative across numerous specifications. For one of most tourism-dependent regions in the world, the recurrent influx is one of the most threatening manifestations of climate change. Our research is the first to robustly quantify the economic impact of Sargassum, and highlights the extent to which economic activity is negatively affected by the accumulation of seaweed and how these effects persist over time. The next important step is for both public and private sectors to invest in forecasting systems and containment strategies as well as engage in cleanup efforts to mitigate severe accumulations, inducing economic resilience in coastal communities.
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Price, Roz. Informality and Marginalised Groups in Crisis Response. Institute of Development Studies, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2023.002.

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The Covid-19 pandemic had ripple effects that extend beyond the domain of health risks into economic, social, and political domains. These effects were not evenly distributed and exacerbated existing societal inequalities and marginalisation (UNDRR and UNU-EHS 2022: 11). Informal and migrant workers, and those living in informal settlements, were disproportionately affected by the health and secondary impacts of the pandemic, which further impacted their livelihoods and ability to meet basic needs, and constrained their ability to recover given the coping mechanisms they had to adopt (Chen et al. 2022: 19). At the same time, successful disaster risk reduction (DRR) often depends on informal actors and networks (Boersma et al. 2019). Limitations of formal disaster governance mechanisms have been much discussed, with shortcomings being largely connected to the lack of (local) knowledge, contextual understanding, incentives, coordination mechanisms, or flexibility, as well as focusing on infrastructural and technocratic solutions over engaging with existing local resources (Duda , Kelman and Glick 2020: 375). Despite this, short-term, single-hazard disaster management approaches still dominate (Donoghoe et al. 2022). Research supported by the Covid-19 Responses for Equity (CORE) Programme – which is supported by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) – points to the need for special provisions addressing current and future challenges of informal workers in disaster response (Pillai et al. 2022b). This requires not only including informal workers in Covid-19 recovery policies, but also centring them in economic, social, and disaster policy (Alfers et al. 2022). Certain actions need to be prioritised, including the need for better data, a rethinking of policies to ensure they encompass gender considerations and social protection measures that are inclusive of informal and migrant workers, and greater recognition of the important role that grass-roots organisations play in supporting marginalised groups in times of crisis.
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Guerra, Flávia, Gabriela Merlinsky, Jorgelina Hardoy, Daniel Kozak, Michael Roll, Tobías Melina, and Pablo Pereira. TUC City Profile: Buenos Aires, Argentina. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/sbph3038.

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While it is the jurisdiction with the highest per capita gross domestic product (GDP) in Argentina, there are historically marked differences in socioeconomic levels and socio-environmental conditions between the north and the south of the city of Buenos Aires. The effects of climate change are intertwined with those of economic globalization, a process of “double exposure” that disproportionately affects particular social groups and areas in the city. Slums and informal settlements in Buenos Aires are growing in size. Most face significant resource and infrastructure deficits, as well as high flood risk, and are thus highly vulnerable to the effects of a changing climate. Tackling climate change in Buenos Aires requires integrated adaptation and mitigation approaches that put the most vulnerable at the centre. The ongoing socio-urban integration processes in informal settlements represent opportunities to rethink and territorialize climate action from an integrated habitat perspective. Since the early 2000s, Buenos Aires has built a robust track record of climate policy, including a climate change law and three Climate Action Plans (PACs). The city has also long been a hotbed for social movements, with a recent resurgence of “the right to the city,” defined as the right of urban dwellers to build, decide and create the city. This provides fertile ground for climate justice narratives and transformative climate action to take root. More than half of the city’s GHG emissions come from the consumption of grid electricity and fuels in buildings, mostly natural gas. Multilevel and intersectoral articulation of public policies are key to advance the climate agenda at the city level, particularly in light of limited urban authority over the electricity sector. Sustainability transformations in Buenos Aires could also be enabled by strengthening the existing capacity development efforts of particular local actors to raise climate awareness; connecting and amplifying emerging community-led initiatives that showcase transformative climate action; and clarifying financial flows as a way to stimulate climate financing.
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Davies, Will. Improving the engagement of UK armed forces overseas. Royal Institute of International Affairs, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784135010.

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The UK government’s Integrated Review of security, defence, development and foreign policy, published in March 2021 alongside a supporting defence command paper, set a new course for UK national security and highlighted opportunities for an innovative approach to international engagement activity. The Integrated Review focused principally on the state threats posed by China’s increasing power and by competitors – including Russia – armed with nuclear, conventional and hybrid capabilities. It also stressed the continuing risks to global security and resilience due to conflict and instability in weakened and failed states. These threats have the potential to increase poverty and inequality, violent extremism, climate degradation and the forced displacement of people, while presenting authoritarian competitors with opportunities to enhance their geopolitical influence. There are moral, security and economic motives to foster durable peace in conflict-prone and weakened regions through a peacebuilding approach that promotes good governance, addresses the root causes of conflict and prevents violence, while denying opportunities to state competitors. The recent withdrawal from Afghanistan serves to emphasize the complexities and potential pitfalls associated with intervention operations in complex, unstable regions. Success in the future will require the full, sustained and coordinated integration of national, allied and regional levers of power underpinned by a sophisticated understanding of the operating environment. The UK armed forces, with their considerable resources and global network, will contribute to this effort through ‘persistent engagement’. This is a new approach to overseas operations below the threshold of conflict, designed as a pre-emptive complement to warfighting. To achieve this, the UK Ministry of Defence (MOD) must develop a capability that can operate effectively in weak, unstable and complex regions prone to violent conflict and crises, not least in the regions on the eastern and southern flanks of the Euro-Atlantic area. The first step must be the development of a cohort of military personnel with enhanced, tailored levels of knowledge, skills and experience. Engagement roles must be filled by operators with specialist knowledge, skills and experience forged beyond the mainstream discipline of combat and warfighting. Only then will individuals develop a genuinely sophisticated understanding of complex, politically driven and sensitive operating environments and be able to infuse the design and delivery of international activities with practical wisdom and insight. Engagement personnel need to be equipped with: An inherent understanding of the human and political dimensions of conflict, the underlying drivers such as inequality and scarcity, and the exacerbating factors such as climate change and migration; - A grounding in social sciences and conflict modelling in order to understand complex human terrain; - Regional expertise enabled by language skills, cultural intelligence and human networks; - Familiarity with a diverse range of partners, allies and local actors and their approaches; - Expertise in building partner capacity and applying defence capabilities to deliver stability and peace; - A grasp of emerging artificial intelligence technology as a tool to understand human terrain; - Reach and insight developed through ‘knowledge networks’ of external experts in academia, think-tanks and NGOs. Successful change will be dependent on strong and overt advocacy by the MOD’s senior leadership and a revised set of personnel policies and procedures for this cohort’s selection, education, training, career management, incentivization, sustainability and support.
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