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Journal articles on the topic 'Graphitic Carbon Nitrides'

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1

Idris, Azeez O., Ekemena O. Oseghe, Titus A. M. Msagati, Alex T. Kuvarega, Usisipho Feleni, and Bhekie Mamba. "Graphitic Carbon Nitride: A Highly Electroactive Nanomaterial for Environmental and Clinical Sensing." Sensors 20, no. 20 (October 10, 2020): 5743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205743.

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Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a two-dimensional conjugated polymer that has attracted the interest of researchers and industrial communities owing to its outstanding analytical merits such as low-cost synthesis, high stability, unique electronic properties, catalytic ability, high quantum yield, nontoxicity, metal-free, low bandgap energy, and electron-rich properties. Notably, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is the most stable allotrope of carbon nitrides. It has been explored in various analytical fields due to its excellent biocompatibility properties, including ease of surface functionalization and hydrogen-bonding. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) acts as a nanomediator and serves as an immobilization layer to detect various biomolecules. Numerous reports have been presented in the literature on applying graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) for the construction of electrochemical sensors and biosensors. Different electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, electrochemiluminescence, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, square wave anodic stripping voltammetry, and amperometry techniques have been extensively used for the detection of biologic molecules and heavy metals, with high sensitivity and good selectivity. For this reason, the leading drive of this review is to stress the importance of employing graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) for the fabrication of electrochemical sensors and biosensors.
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2

Jorge, A. Belen, F. Corà, A. Sella, P. F. McMillan, and Daniel J. L. Brett. "Electrochemical properties of graphitic carbon nitrides." International Journal of Nanotechnology 11, no. 9/10/11 (2014): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijnt.2014.063784.

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3

Haiber, Diane M., Michael M. J. Treacy, and Peter A. Crozier. "Local Structural Analysis of Graphitic Carbon Nitrides." Microscopy and Microanalysis 24, S1 (August 2018): 1990–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927618010437.

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4

Steinmann, Stephan N., Sigismund T. A. G. Melissen, Tangui Le Bahers, and Philippe Sautet. "Challenges in calculating the bandgap of triazine-based carbon nitride structures." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 10 (2017): 5115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta08939a.

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5

Chan, Ming-Hsien, Ru-Shi Liu, and Michael Hsiao. "Graphitic carbon nitride-based nanocomposites and their biological applications: a review." Nanoscale 11, no. 32 (2019): 14993–5003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr04568f.

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6

Verma, Santosh Kumar, Rameshwari Verma, Yarabahally R. Girish, Fan Xue, Long Yan, Shekhar Verma, Monika Singh, et al. "Correction: Heterogeneous graphitic carbon nitrides in visible-light-initiated organic transformations." Green Chemistry 24, no. 2 (2022): 957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2gc90005j.

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7

Fronczak, Maciej, Emília Tálas, Zoltán Pászti, Gábor P. Szijjártó, Judith Mihály, András Tompos, Piotr Baranowski, Santosh Kr Tiwari, and Michał Bystrzejewski. "Photocatalytic performance of alkali metal doped graphitic carbon nitrides and Pd-alkali metal doped graphitic carbon nitride composites." Diamond and Related Materials 125 (May 2022): 109006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2022.109006.

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8

Liao, Guangfu, Yan Gong, Li Zhang, Haiyang Gao, Guan-Jun Yang, and Baizeng Fang. "Semiconductor polymeric graphitic carbon nitride photocatalysts: the “holy grail” for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction under visible light." Energy & Environmental Science 12, no. 7 (2019): 2080–147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ee00717b.

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9

Theerthagiri, J., R. A. Senthil, J. Madhavan, and B. Neppolian. "A Comparative Study on the Role of Precursors of Graphitic Carbon Nitrides for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Direct Red 81." Materials Science Forum 807 (November 2014): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.807.101.

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The graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) materials have been synthesized from nitrogen rich precursors such as urea and thiourea by directly heating at 520 °C for 2 h. The as-synthesized carbon nitride samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) and particle size analysis. The photoelectrochemical measurements were performed using several on-off cycles under visible-light irradiation. The x-ray diffraction peak is broader which indicates the fine powder nature of the synthesized materials. The estimated crystallite size of carbon nitrides synthesized from urea (U-CN) and thiourea (T-CN) are 4.0 and 4.4 nm respectively. The particle size of U-CN and T-CN were analysed by particle size analyser and were found to be 57.3 and 273.3 nm respectively. The photocatalytic activity for the degradation of the textile dye namely, direct red-81 (DR81) using these carbon nitrides were carried out under visible light irradiation. In the present investigation, a comparison study on the carbon nitrides synthesized from cheap precursors such as urea and thiourea for the degradation of DR81 has been carried out. The results inferred that U-CN exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than T-CN. The photoelectrochemical studies confirmed that the (e--h+) charge carrier separation is more efficient in U-CN than that of T-CN and therefore showed high photocatalytic degradation. Further, the smaller particle size of U-CN is also responsible for the observed degradation trend.
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10

Martínez-Cartagena, Manuel Eduardo, Juan Bernal-Martínez, Arnulfo Banda-Villanueva, Javier Enríquez-Medrano, Víctor D. Lechuga-Islas, Ilse Magaña, Teresa Córdova, Diana Morales-Acosta, José Luis Olivares-Romero, and Ramón Díaz-de-León. "Biomimetic Synthesis of PANI/Graphitic Oxidized Carbon Nitride for Supercapacitor Applications." Polymers 14, no. 18 (September 19, 2022): 3913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14183913.

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Polyaniline (PANI) composites have gained momentum as supercapacitive materials due to their high energy density and power density. However, some drawbacks in their performance remain, such as the low stability after hundreds of charge-discharge cycles and limitations in the synthesis scalability. Herein, we report for the first time PANI-Graphitic oxidized carbon nitride composites as potential supercapacitor material. The biomimetic polymerization of aniline assisted by hematin, supported by phosphorous and oxygen-modified carbon nitrides (g-POCN and g-OCN, respectively), achieved up to 89% yield. The obtained PAI/g-POCN and PANI/g-OCN show enhanced electrochemical properties, such as conductivity of up to 0.0375 S/cm, specific capacitances (Cs) of up to 294 F/g (at high current densities, 5 A/g) and a stable operation after 500 charge-discharge cycles (at 3 A/g). In contrast, the biomimetic synthesis of Free PANI, assisted by stabilized hematin in cosolvents, exhibited lower performance properties (65%). Due to their structural differences, the electrochemical properties of Free PANI (conductivity of 0.0045 S/cm and Cs of up to 82 F/g at 5 A/g) were lower than those of nanostructured PANI/g-POCN and g-OCN supports, which provide stability and improve the properties of biomimetically synthesized PANI. This work reveals the biomimetic synthesis of PANI, assisted by hematin supported by modified carbon nitrides, as a promising strategy to produce nanostructured supercapacitors with high performance.
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11

Vasudevan, D., A. Kumaravel, A. Murugesan, A. Mugil, B. Karthi, and K. K. Kumar. "Exfoliated carbon nitrides for corrosion prevention in radiators: Temperature-dependent corrosion analysis." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 18, no. 3 (July 2023): 985–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2023.183.985.

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This article outlines the preparation and exfoliation of graphitic-carbon nitride (GCN) by thermal polymerization technique using urea proceeded by the hydrothermal approach for the application of corrosion resistance in radiators. The prepared sample was characterized by using various methods. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the purity of GCN, and Surface morphology results revealed the formation of spherical-shaped GCN. Herein, graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) was synthesized to enhance its corrosion-resistance performance on mild steel (MS) under a seawater atmosphere. The corrosion behaviour of the graphitic-carbon nitride (GCN) synthesized by the hydrothermal method was examined by conducting electrochemical corrosion tests in a 3.5% NaCl medium under three different temperatures. The excellent temperature dependant electro-catalytic activity of the prepared GCN was analysed. The hydrothermal exfoliation process highly enhances the structural, optical, and electrochemical properties like corrosion resistance and stability of the prepared GCN. This study demonstrates that hydrothermally exfoliated GCN exhibits low corrosion rates and high electrochemical corrosion resistance, which could be a potential candidate for corrosion inhibitors in radiators.
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12

Inagaki, Michio, Tomoki Tsumura, Tarou Kinumoto, and Masahiro Toyoda. "Graphitic carbon nitrides (g-C3N4) with comparative discussion to carbon materials." Carbon 141 (January 2019): 580–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.09.082.

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13

Fidan, Tuçe, Milad Torabfam, Qandeel Saleem, Chao Wang, Hasan Kurt, Meral Yüce, Junwang Tang, and Mustafa Kemal Bayazit. "Functionalized Graphitic Carbon Nitrides for Environmental and Sensing Applications." Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research 2, no. 3 (January 20, 2021): 2000073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aesr.202000073.

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14

Haiber, Diane M., Barnaby D. A. Levin, and Peter A. Crozier. "Probing Local Structures and Disorder in Graphitic Carbon Nitrides." Microscopy and Microanalysis 25, S2 (August 2019): 1690–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927619009188.

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15

de Medeiros, Tayline V., Alexia Macina, and Rafik Naccache. "Graphitic carbon nitrides: Efficient heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production." Nano Energy 78 (December 2020): 105306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105306.

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16

Zheng, Yun, Lihua Lin, Xiangju Ye, Fangsong Guo, and Xinchen Wang. "Helical Graphitic Carbon Nitrides with Photocatalytic and Optical Activities." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 53, no. 44 (September 12, 2014): 11926–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201407319.

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17

Zheng, Yun, Lihua Lin, Xiangju Ye, Fangsong Guo, and Xinchen Wang. "Helical Graphitic Carbon Nitrides with Photocatalytic and Optical Activities." Angewandte Chemie 126, no. 44 (September 12, 2014): 12120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201407319.

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18

Verma, Santosh Kumar, Rameshwari Verma, Yarabahally R. Girish, Fan Xue, Long Yan, Shekhar Verma, Monika Singh, et al. "Heterogeneous graphitic carbon nitrides in visible-light-initiated organic transformations." Green Chemistry 24, no. 2 (2022): 438–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1gc03490a.

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Carbon nitride-catalyzed photocatalytic strategies for the oxidation of alcohols, reduction of nitro compounds, coupling reactions, and synthesis of esters, phenols, and sulfoxides have been summarized.
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19

Goglio, Graziella, Annaïg Denis, Etienne Gaudin, Christine Labrugère, Denis Foy, and Alain Largeteau. "Solvothermal Processes for Nitride Synthesis: Examples of Li3GaN2 and Graphitic C3N4 Elaboration." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 63, no. 6 (June 1, 2008): 730–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2008-0621.

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When precursors decompose or react in the presence of a solvent in a closed system at a temperature higher than the solvent’s boiling point the reaction is called a solvothermal process. This reaction can be carried out either in supercritical or subcritical conditions, in homogeneous or heterogeneous systems, pressure and temperature being both key parameters. As the main interest of such processes is the enhancement of chemical reactivity, solvothermal reactions have been widely involved for nitride elaboration. We report two examples relative to solvothermal syntheses of nitrides. The first one deals with the elaboration of Li3GaN2: this ionic nitride has been successfully synthesized, structurally characterized and tested as nutrient for the ammonothermal GaN crystal growth. The second one is related to the elaboration of a well-crystallized graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) aimed to be developed as a precursor for conversion towards dense CNx phases.
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20

Chen, Zupeng, Evgeniya Vorobyeva, Sharon Mitchell, Edvin Fako, Núria López, Sean M. Collins, Rowan K. Leary, Paul A. Midgley, Roland Hauert, and Javier Pérez-Ramírez. "Single-atom heterogeneous catalysts based on distinct carbon nitride scaffolds." National Science Review 5, no. 5 (April 17, 2018): 642–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwy048.

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Abstract Carbon nitrides integrating macroheterocycles offer unique potential as hosts for stabilizing metal atoms due to their rich electronic structure. To date, only graphitic heptazine-based polymers have been studied. Here, we demonstrate that palladium atoms can be effectively isolated on other carbon nitride scaffolds including linear melem oligomers and poly(triazine/heptazine imides). Increased metal uptake was linked to the larger cavity size and the presence of chloride ions in the polyimide structures. Changing the host structure leads to significant variation in the average oxidation state of the metal, which can be tuned by exchange of the ionic species as evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and supported by density functional theory. Evaluation in the semi-hydrogenation of 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol reveals an inverse correlation between the activity and the degree of oxidation of palladium, with oligomers exhibiting the highest activity. These findings provide new mechanistic insights into the influence of the carbon nitride structure on metal stabilization.
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21

Sun, Bo-wen, Hong-yu Yu, Yong-jing Yang, Hui-jun Li, Cheng-yu Zhai, Dong-Jin Qian, and Meng Chen. "New complete assignment of X-ray powder diffraction patterns in graphitic carbon nitride using discrete Fourier transform and direct experimental evidence." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 38 (2017): 26072–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp05242a.

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To date, there have been only a few studies focusing on the assignment of X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns in graphitic carbon nitrides (g-C3N4) and contradictory determination for a broad peak around 12°–14° has been perplexing.
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22

Chen, Wei, Tingzhen Li, and Xinwen Peng. "Visible-light-promoted thiocyanation of sp2 C–H bonds over heterogeneous graphitic carbon nitrides." New Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 31 (2021): 14058–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nj00532d.

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23

LIANG, Dong-Mei, Xia LENG, and Yu-Chen MA. "Quasiparticle Band Structures and Optical Properties of Graphitic Carbon Nitrides." Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica 32, no. 8 (2016): 1967–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3866/pku.whxb201604292.

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24

Kumru, Baris, Valerio Molinari, Markus Hilgart, Florian Rummel, Michael Schäffler, and Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt. "Polymer grafted graphitic carbon nitrides as precursors for reinforced lubricant hydrogels." Polymer Chemistry 10, no. 26 (2019): 3647–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9py00505f.

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25

Inwati, Gajendra Kumar, Virendra Kumar Yadav, Ismat H. Ali, Sai Bhargava Vuggili, Shakti Devi Kakodiya, Mitesh K. Solanki, Krishna Kumar Yadav, et al. "2D Personality of Multifunctional Carbon Nitrides towards Enhanced Catalytic Performance in Energy Storage and Remediation." Applied Sciences 12, no. 8 (April 8, 2022): 3753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12083753.

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Numerous scholars in the scientific and management areas have been overly focused on contemporary breakthroughs in two-dimensional objects for multiple prospective applications. Photochemical and electrocatalytic functions of integrated circuits associated with multi-component tools have been enhanced by designing the macro- and microstructures of the building blocks. Therefore, the current research attempts to explore a larger spectrum of layered graphitic carbon nitrides (g-C3N4) and their derivatives as an efficient catalyst. By executing systematic manufacturing, optimization, and evaluation of its relevance towards astonishing energy storage devices, adsorption chemistry, and remediation, many researchers have focused on the coupling of such 2D carbon nitrides combined with suitable elementals. Hybrid carbon nitrides have been promoted as reliable 2D combinations for the enhanced electrophotocatalytic functionalities, proved by experimental observations and research outputs. By appreciating the modified structural, surface, and physicochemical characteristics of the carbon nitrides, we aim to report a systematic overview of the g-C3N4 materials for the application of energy storages and environments. It has altered energy band gap, thermal stability, remarkable dimensional texturing, and electrochemistry, and therefore detailed studies are highlighted by discussing the chemical architectures and atomic alternation of g-C3N4 (2D) structures.
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Yang, Bo, Hongcai Zhou, Xiaoming Zhang, and Mingwen Zhao. "Electron spin-polarization and band gap engineering in carbon-modified graphitic carbon nitrides." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 41 (2015): 10886–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc02423d.

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27

Parkes, Ellen, Karolina Lisowska, Paul F. McMillan, Furio Corà, and Adam J. Clancy. "New functionalisation reactions of graphitic carbon nitrides: Computational and experimental studies." Journal of Chemical Research 46, no. 1 (January 2022): 174751982110738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17475198211073888.

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The functionalisation of two-dimensional materials is key to modify their properties and facilitate assembly into functional devices. Here, new reactions have been proposed to modify crystalline two-dimensional carbon nitrides of polytriazine imide structure. Both amine alkylation and aryl-nitrene-based reactions have been explored computationally and with exploratory synthetic trials. The approach illustrates that alkylation is unfavourable, particularly at basal-plane sites. In contrast, while initial trial reactions were inconclusive, the radical-addition of nitrenes is shown to be energetically favourable, with a preference for functionalising sheet edges to minimise steric effects.
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28

Jiang, Jiawei, Xiaocha Wang, and Wenbo Mi. "Spin polarization and spin channel reversal in graphitic carbon nitrides on top of an α-Fe2O3(0001) surface." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 35 (2018): 22489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp04223c.

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29

Safikhani, Amir, Vahid Vatanpour, Sajjad Habibzadeh, and Mohammad Reza Saeb. "Application of graphitic carbon nitrides in developing polymeric membranes: A review." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 173 (September 2021): 234–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2021.07.020.

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30

Meek, Garrett A., Andrew D. Baczewski, Daniel J. Little, and Benjamin G. Levine. "Polaronic Relaxation by Three-Electron Bond Formation in Graphitic Carbon Nitrides." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 118, no. 8 (February 13, 2014): 4023–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp412305y.

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31

Foy, Denis, Gérard Demazeau, Pierre Florian, Dominique Massiot, Christine Labrugère, and Graziella Goglio. "Modulation of the crystallinity of hydrogenated nitrogen-rich graphitic carbon nitrides." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 182, no. 1 (January 2009): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2008.10.018.

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32

Geng, Aixia, Yanbo Zhang, Xuelian Xu, Huiting Bi, and Junjiang Zhu. "Photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes on Li-doped graphitic carbon nitrides." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 31, no. 5 (January 29, 2020): 3869–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-02932-8.

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33

Merschjann, Christoph, Stefanie Tschierlei, Tobias Tyborski, Kamalakannan Kailasam, Steven Orthmann, Dirk Hollmann, Thomas Schedel-Niedrig, Arne Thomas, and Stefan Lochbrunner. "Complementing Graphenes: 1D Interplanar Charge Transport in Polymeric Graphitic Carbon Nitrides." Advanced Materials 27, no. 48 (November 6, 2015): 7993–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201503448.

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34

Zhang, Pengfei, Haoran Li, and Yong Wang. "Post-functionalization of graphitic carbon nitrides by grafting organic molecules: toward C–H bond oxidation using atmospheric oxygen." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 48 (2014): 6312–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc02676d.

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35

Medlin, D. L., K. F. McCarty, D. A. Buchenauer, D. Dibble, and D. B. Poker. "Microstructure in Nanophase and Amorphous Boron-Based Thin Films." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 710–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600023679.

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Boron-based thin film materials have numerous uses ranging from application as hard and refractory protective coatings to potential employment in wide-band gap semiconductor electronics. Of particular interest are the boron carbides, nitrides, oxides, and phosphides. These compounds exhibit a broad range of structural and bonding variations. The crystalline form of elemental boron is based on an arrangement of 12-atom boron icosahedra positioned at the vertices of a rhombohedral lattice. Related materials, such as B4C, and B12P, also possess structures closely related to this icosahedrally coordinated prototype. However, the structural coordination of the boron carbides and phosphides will vary with composition. For instance, BP possesses a tetrahedrally coordinated zinc-blende structure, and the carbon-rich boron carbides will form in a graphitic structure. Boron nitride has the added complication that for the same composition (BN) multiple bonding and polytypic variations are possible: both soft, graphitic sp2-rich (e.g., hexagonal and rhombohedral BN) and hard, diamond-like sp3-rich phases (e.g., cubic and wurtzitic BN) can be formed.
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Luo, Jie, Zhao-Jie Cui, and Guo-Long Zang. "Mesoporous Metal-Containing Carbon Nitrides for Improved Photocatalytic Activities." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/945348.

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Graphitic carbon nitrides (g-C3N4) have attracted increasing interest due to their unusual properties and promising applications in water splitting, heterogeneous catalysis, and organic contaminant degradation. In this study, a new method was developed for the synthesis of mesoporous Fe contained g-C3N4(m-Fe-C3N4) photocatalyst by using SiO2nanoparticles as hard template and dicyandiamide as precursor. The physicochemical properties of m-Fe-C3N4were thoroughly investigated. The XRD and XPS results indicated that Fe was strongly coordinated with the g-C3N4matrix and that the doping and mesoporous structure partially deteriorated its crystalline structure. The UV-visible absorption spectra revealed that m-Fe-C3N4with a unique electronic structure displays an increased band gap in combination with a slightly reduced absorbance, implying that mesoporous structure modified the electronic properties of g-Fe-C3N4. The photocatalytic activity of m-Fe-C3N4for photodegradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) was much higher than that of g-Fe-C3N4, clearly demonstrating porous structure positive effect.
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37

Sakdaronnarong, Chularat, Amornrat Sangjan, Suthida Boonsith, Dong Chung Kim, and Hyeon Suk Shin. "Recent Developments in Synthesis and Photocatalytic Applications of Carbon Dots." Catalysts 10, no. 3 (March 11, 2020): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10030320.

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The tunable photoluminescent and photocatalytic properties of carbon dots (CDs) via chemical surface modification have drawn increased attention to this emerging class of carbon nanomaterials. Herein, we summarize the advances in CD synthesis and modification, with a focus on surface functionalization, element doping, passivation, and nanocomposite formation with metal oxides, transition metal chalcogenides, or graphitic carbon nitrides. The effects of CD size and functionalization on photocatalytic properties are discussed, along with the photocatalytic applications of CDs in energy conversion, water splitting, hydrogen evolution, water treatment, and chemical degradation. In particular, the enzyme-mimetic and photodynamic applications of CDs for bio-related uses are thoroughly reviewed.
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38

Stalla, D., T. Lam, M. Lee, and P. Pfeifer. "Spectroscopic Investigations of the Structure of Graphitic Carbon Nitrides for H2 Storage." Microscopy and Microanalysis 22, S3 (July 2016): 1668–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927616009181.

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39

Zheng, Yu, Zisheng Zhang, and Chunhu Li. "A comparison of graphitic carbon nitrides synthesized from different precursors through pyrolysis." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 332 (January 2017): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.08.005.

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40

Dong, Yuan, Min Meng, Melinda M. Groves, Chi Zhang, and Jian Lin. "Thermal conductivities of two-dimensional graphitic carbon nitrides by molecule dynamics simulation." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 123 (August 2018): 738–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.03.017.

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41

Zhang, Xiaoming, Aizhu Wang, and Mingwen Zhao. "Spin-gapless semiconducting graphitic carbon nitrides: A theoretical design from first principles." Carbon 84 (April 2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2014.11.049.

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42

Shahini, Ehsan, Karthik Shankar, and Tian Tang. "Liquid-phase exfoliation of graphitic carbon nitrides studied by molecular dynamics simulation." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 630 (January 2023): 900–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.150.

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43

ALTAN, Orhan. "Impact of graphitic carbon nitrides synthesized from different precursors on Schottky junction characteristics." TURKISH JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 45, no. 4 (August 27, 2021): 1057–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/kim-2012-45.

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44

Mrinalini Kalyani, A. K., R. Rajeev, L. Benny, A. R. Cherian, and A. Varghese. "Surface tuning of nanostructured graphitic carbon nitrides for enhanced electrocatalytic applications: a review." Materials Today Chemistry 30 (June 2023): 101523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2023.101523.

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45

Zhao, Qing, Cheng Wang, Haifeng Wang, and Jianlong Wang. "An ultra-dispersive, nonprecious metal MOF–FeZn catalyst with good oxygen reduction activity and favorable stability in acid." Journal of Materials Science 56, no. 14 (February 1, 2021): 8600–8612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-05803-7.

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AbstractDevelopment of the more stable nonprecious oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst is of great significance nowadays. Herein, a high-performance iron-doped integral uniform macrocyclic organic framework (MOF–FeZn) catalyst is synthesized through a combined hydrothermal and pyrolysis process, showing favorable ORR activity and stability in acid. This as-synthesized MOF–FeZn catalyst displays high porous and graphitic structures with sufficient catalytic active dopants of pyridinic N, Fe–N, pyrrolic N, graphitic N, making it a promising ORR candidate catalyst with high electrochemical stability. The onset potential, half-wave potential and limited diffusion current density of MOF–FeZn are 0.93 V @ 0.1 mA cm−2, 0.768 V@ 2.757 mA cm−2 and 5.5 mA cm−2, respectively, which are comparable to the state-of-the-art nonprecious catalyst and commercial Pt/C. ORR catalysis on MOF–FeZn follows the nearly four-electron path. What is more, MOF–FeZn can sustain the 10,000 cycles electrochemical potential cycling process in acid with the half-wave potential changed only 21 mV, superior to the reduction of 149 mV for Pt/C. The well-developed integral uniform structures, homogeneously dispersed carbides and nitrides protected by the highly graphitic carbon layers and the better agglomeration suppression of nanoparticles by the confined graphitic carbon layers on catalyst can significantly enhance the catalytic activity and stability of MOF–FeZn.
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46

Liu, Xinying, Chengxiao Zhao, Tahir Muhmood, and Xiaofei Yang. "Regulating the Assembly of Precursors of Carbon Nitrides to Improve Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production." Catalysts 12, no. 12 (December 13, 2022): 1634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12121634.

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Two-dimensional graphitic carbon nitrides (2D g-C3N4) are promising photocatalysts for water splitting to hydrogen due to their non-toxicity and high stability. However, the bulk g-C3N4 has some intrinsic drawbacks, such as rapid electron–hole recombination and low charge-carrier mobility, resulting in poor photocatalytic activity. Here, 2,4-diamine-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine was employed as a precursor to regulating the assembly of melamine and cyanuric acid in water. The resulting g-C3N4 not only improved the visible light absorption and electron–hole separation but also provided more catalytic sites for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The modified g-C3N4 (CNP10-H) showed a hydrogen-releasing rate of 2184 μmol·g−1·h−1, much higher than the bulk g-C3N4.
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47

Ma, Tian Yi, Jingrun Ran, Sheng Dai, Mietek Jaroniec, and Shi Zhang Qiao. "Phosphorus-Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitrides Grown In Situ on Carbon-Fiber Paper: Flexible and Reversible Oxygen Electrodes." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 54, no. 15 (December 17, 2014): 4646–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201411125.

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48

Ma, Tian Yi, Jingrun Ran, Sheng Dai, Mietek Jaroniec, and Shi Zhang Qiao. "Phosphorus-Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitrides Grown In Situ on Carbon-Fiber Paper: Flexible and Reversible Oxygen Electrodes." Angewandte Chemie 127, no. 15 (December 17, 2014): 4729–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201411125.

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49

Huang, Xiaowen, Huimin Hao, Yang Liu, Yujiao Zhu, and Xuming Zhang. "Rapid Screening of Graphitic Carbon Nitrides for Photocatalytic Cofactor Regeneration Using a Drop Reactor." Micromachines 8, no. 6 (June 2, 2017): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi8060175.

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50

Lin, Lihua, Honghui Ou, Yongfan Zhang, and Xinchen Wang. "Tri-s-triazine-Based Crystalline Graphitic Carbon Nitrides for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Photocatalysis." ACS Catalysis 6, no. 6 (May 20, 2016): 3921–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.6b00922.

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