Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Graphes de Helly bipartis'
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Bénéteau, Laurine. "Médians de graphes : algorithmes, connexité et axiomatique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0512.
Full textThe median problem is one of the most investigated problem in metric graph theory. We will start by studying this problem in median graphs. We present a linear time algorithm based on the majority rule which characterize the median in median graphs and on a fast computation of the parallelism classes of the edges (the \Theta-classes) via LexBFS which is a particular breadth first search algorithm.We also provide linear time algorithms to compute the median set in the l_1-cube complexes of median graphs and in event structures. Then, we provide a characterization of the graphs with connected medians in the pth power of the graph and provide a polynomial method to check if a graph is a G^p-connected median graph, extending a result of Bandelt and Chepoi (case p=1). We use this characterization to prove that some important graph classes in metric graph theory have G2-connected medians, such as bipartite Helly graphs and bridged graphs. We will also studied the axiomatic aspect of the median function by investigating the ABC-problem, which determine the graphs (named ABC-graphs) in which the median function is the only consensus function verifying three simples axioms (A) Anonymat, (B) Betweeness and (C) Consistency. We show that modular graphs with G2-connected medians are ABC-graphs and define new axioms allowing us to characterize the median function on some graph classes. For example the graphs with connected medians (including Helly graphs). We also show that a known class of ABC-graphs (graphs satisfying the pairing property) is a proper subclass of bipartite Helly graphs and we investigate their recognition
Aïder, Méziane. "Réseaux d'interconnexion bipartis : colorations généralisées dans les graphes." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325779.
Full textAïder, Méziane. "Réseaux d'interconnexion bipartis colorations généralisées dans les graphes /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602131d.
Full textAïder, Méziane Payan Charles. "Réseaux d'interconnexion bipartis colorations généralisées dans les graphes /." S.l. : Université Grenoble 1, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325779.
Full textChakroun, Nasr Ali. "Problèmes de circuits, chemins et diamètres dans les graphes : routage dans les réseaux." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112354.
Full textBenchettara, Nasserine. "Prévision de nouveaux liens dans les réseaux d'interactions bipartis : Application au calcul de recommandation." Paris 13, 2011. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/edgalilee_th_2011_benchettara.pdf.
Full textIn this work, we handle the problem of new link prediction in dynamic complex networks. We mainly focus on studying networks having a bipartite underlaying structure. We propose to apply a propositionnalization approach where each couple of nodes in the network is described by a set of topological measures. One first contribution in this thesis is to consider measures computed in the bipartite graph and also in the associated projected graphs. A supervised machine learning approach is applied. This approach though it gives some good results, suffers from the obvious problem of class skewness. We hence focus on handling this problem. Informed sub-sampling approaches are first proposed. A semi-supervised machine learning approach is also applied. All proposed approaches are applied and evaluated on real datasets used in real application of academic collaboration recommendation and product recommendation in an e-commerce site
Kadi, Abderrezzak Mohamed El. "Existence de cycles dans les graphes bipartis et dans plusieurs familles de graphes généralisant la classe des graphes sans K₁,₃." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA112401.
Full textIn this thesis, we study sufficient conditions for the existence of cycles of given length in several families of graphs. The thesis consists of two parts: The first one is dedicated to bipartite graphs. We consider mainly bipartite balanced graphs that are hamiltonian, bipancyclic, S-cyclable and S-pancyclable. The conditions we investigate concern degree, independence number and k-biclosure. The second part concerns claw-free graphs. We examine several families that generalize the claw-free graphs family, mainly the λ-claw-free graphs and the S(K₁,₃)-free graphs. We look for sufficient conditions that insure some special cycles in those families of graphs or in their squares
Allali, Oussama. "Structure et dynamique des graphes de terrain bipartis : liens internes et prédiction de liens." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066201.
Full textHazim, Sharif Walied. "L'extension respectueuse entre posets à hauteur constante et ses rapports avec les graphes bipartis (ou tableaux bivalents)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX11041.
Full textTackx, Raphaël. "Analyse de la structure communautaire des réseaux bipartis." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2018SORUS550.pdf.
Full textIn the real world, numerous networks appear naturally, they are everywhere, in many disciplines, for example in computer science with router networks, satellite networks, webpage networks, in biology with neural networks, in ecology with biological interaction networks, in linguistic with synonym networks, in law with legal decision networks, in economy with interbank networks, in social sciences and humanities with social networks. Generally, a network reflects the interactions between many entities of a system. These interactions have different sources, a social link or a friendship link in a social network, a cable in a router network, a chemical reaction in a protein-protein interaction network, a hyperlink in a webpage network. Furthermore, the rapid democratization of digital technology in our societies, with internet in particular, leads to create new systems which can be seen as networks. Finally, all these networks depict very specific features : they come from pratical contexts, most of the time they are big (they may be comprised of several billion of nodes and links, containing a large amount of information), they share statistical properties. In this regard, they are called real-world networks or complex networks. Nowaday, network science is a research area in its own right focusing on describing and modeling these networks in order to reveal their main features and improve our understanding of their mecanisms. Most of the works in this area use graphs formalism which provides a set of mathematical tools well suited for analyzing the topology of these networks. It exists many applications, for instance applications in spread of epidemy or computer viruses, weakness of networks in case of a breakdown, attack resilience, study for link prediction, recommandation, etc. One of the major issue is the identification of community structure. The large majority of real-world networks depicts several levels of organization in their structure. Because of there is a weak global density coupled with a strong local density, we observe that nodes are usually organized into groups, called communities, which are more internally connected than they are to the rest of the network. Moreover, these structures have a meaning in the network itself, for example communities of a social network may correspond to social groups (friends, families, etc.), communities of a protein-protein network may translate fonctions of a cell, communities may be also related to similar subjects in a webpage network [...]
Dumas, Maxime. "AlertWheel visualisation radiale de graphes bipartis appliquée aux systèmes de détection d'intrusions sur des réseaux informatiques." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2011. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/959/1/DUMAS_Maxime.pdf.
Full textJost, Vincent. "Ordonnancement chromatique : polyèdres, complexité et classification." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10158.
Full textSome problems in operations research can be modelled as graph colouring problems. Often however, the classical problem of minimum colouring is not able to express some additional constraints that naturally appear in applied contexts. On the other hand, some of these constraints are weil known in scheduling theory. The scope of "chromatic scheduling" is to deal with these hybrid models. This includes problems such as "bounded colouring", "precolouring extension" or "max colouring". We provide new lower bounds for the optimum value of these minimization problems. The main results state that these lower bounds yield min-max formulas in subclasses of perfect graphs. Ln particular, we obtain min-max formulas and efficient algorithms for complement of interval graphs (which are fundamental in transport and production problems) and line-graphs of bipartite graphs (fundamental in timetabling problems). These chromatic scheduling problems are often NP-hard even for bipartite graphs (and therefore for perfect graphs). Depending on the problem and the graph class to which we restrict, we tried to draw the frontiers between polynomial cases, NP-hard cases and those cases for which the lower bound is tight. This allows to summarize the main known results and to design some more generallower bounds as weil as approximation alaorithms with aood Derformance ratios
Tanasescu, Mihaela-Cerasela. "Graphes, Partitions et Classes : G-graphs et leurs applications." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGUY0787/document.
Full textInteractions between graph theory and group theory have already led to interesting results for both domains. Graphs defined from algebraic groups have highly symmetrical structure giving birth to interesting properties. The most famous example is Cayley graphs, which revealed to be particularly interesting both from a theoretical and a practical point of view due to their applications in several domains including network architecture or parallel machines. Nevertheless, the regularity of Cayley graphs is also a limit as they are always vertex-transitive and therefore not relevant to generate semi-regular networks. This observation motivated the definition, in 2005, of a new family of graphs defined from a group, called G-graphs. They also have many regular properties but are less restrictive. These graphs are in particular semi-regular k-partite, with a chromatic number k directly given in the group representation and they can be either transitive or not.This thesis proposes a new insight into this class of graphs using an approach based on operational research while most of previous studies have been so far dominated by algebraic approaches. Then, the thesis addresses different kind of questions:— Characterizing G-graphs: we propose improvements of previous results.— Identifying some classes of graphs as G-graphs through isomorphism or using the characterization theorem.— Studying the structure and properties of these graphs, in particular for possible applications to networks: semi-regular coloring, symmetries and robustness.— Algorithmic approach for recognizing this class with a first example of polynomial case when the group is abelian
Ait-Aoudia, Samy. "Modélisation géométrique par contraintes : quelques méthodes de résolution." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818347.
Full textKoptelov, Maksim. "Link prediction in bipartite multi-layer networks, with an application to drug-target interaction prediction." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC211.
Full textMany aspects from real life with bi-relational structure can be modeled as bipartite networks. This modeling allows the use of some standard solutions for prediction and/or recommendation of new relations between these objects in such networks. Known as the link prediction task, it is a widely studied problem in network science for single graphs, networks assuming one type of interaction between vertices. For multi-layer networks, allowing more than one type of edges between vertices, the problem is not yet fully solved.The motivation of this thesis comes from the importance of an application task, drug-target interaction prediction. Searching valid drug candidates for a given biological target is an essential part of modern drug development. In this thesis, the problem is modeled as link prediction in a bipartite multi-layer network. Modeling the problem in this setting helps to aggregate different sources of information into one single structure and as a result to improve the quality of link prediction.The thesis mostly focuses on the problem of link prediction in bipartite multi-layer networks and makes two main contributions on this topic.The first contribution provides a solution for solving link prediction in the given setting without limiting the number and type of networks, the main constrains of the state of the art methods. Modeling random walk in the fashion of PageRank, the algorithm that we developed is able to predict new interactions in the network constructed from different sources of information. The second contribution, which solves link prediction using community information, is less straight-forward and more dependent on fixing the parameters, but provides better results. Adopting existing community measures for link prediction to the case of bipartite multi-layer networks and proposing alternative ways for exploiting communities, the method offers better performance and efficiency. Additional evaluation on the data of a different origin than drug-target interactions demonstrate the genericness of proposed approach.In addition to the developed approaches, we propose a framework for validation of predicted interactions founded on an external resource. Based on a collection of biomedical concepts used as a knowledge source, the framework is able to perform validation of drug-target pairs using proposed confidence scores. An evaluation of predicted interactions performed on unseen data shows effectiveness of this framework.At the end, a problem of identification and characterization of promiscuous compounds existing in the drug development process is discussed. The problem is solved as a machine learning classification task. The contribution includes graph mining and sampling approaches. In addition, a graphical interface was developed to provide feedback of the result for experts
Baudin, Alexis. "Cliques statiques et temporelles : algorithmes d'énumération et de détection de communautés." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS609.
Full textGraphs are mathematical objects used to model interactions or connections between entities of various types. A graph can represent, for example, a social network that connects users to each other, a transport network like the metro where stations are connected to each other, or a brain with the billions of interacting neurons it contains. In recent years, the dynamic nature of these structures has been highlighted, as well as the importance of taking into account the temporal evolution of these networks to understand their functioning. While many concepts and algorithms have been developed on graphs to describe static network structures, much remains to be done to formalize and develop relevant algorithms to describe the dynamics of real networks. This thesis aims to better understand how massive graphs are structured in the real world, and to develop tools to extend our understanding to structures that evolve over time. It has been shown that these graphs have particular properties, which distinguish them from theoretical or randomly drawn graphs. Exploiting these properties then enables the design of algorithms to solve certain difficult problems much more quickly on these instances than in the general case. My PhD thesis focuses on cliques, which are groups of elements that are all connected to each other. We study the enumeration of cliques in static and temporal graphs and the detection of communities they enable. The communities of a graph are sets of vertices such that, within a community, the vertices interact strongly with each other, and little with the rest of the graph. Their study helps to understand the structural and functional properties of networks. We are evaluating our algorithms on massive real-world graphs, opening up new perspectives for understanding interactions within these networks. We first work on graphs, without taking into account the temporal component of interactions. We begin by using the clique percolation method of community detection, highlighting its limitations in memory, which prevent it from being applied to graphs that are too massive. By introducing an approximate problem-solving algorithm, we overcome this limitation. Next, we improve the enumeration of maximal cliques in the case of bipartite graphs. These correspond to interactions between groups of vertices of different types, e.g. links between people and viewed content, participation in events, etc. Next, we consider interactions that take place over time, using the link stream formalism. We seek to extend the algorithms presented in the first part, to exploit their advantages in the study of temporal interactions. We provide a new algorithm for enumerating maximal cliques in link streams, which is much more efficient than the state-of-the-art on massive datasets. Finally, we focus on communities in link streams by clique percolation, developing an extension of the method used on graphs. The results show a significant improvement over the state of the art, and we analyze the communities obtained to provide relevant information on the organization of temporal interactions in link streams. My PhD work has provided new insights into the study of massive real-world networks. This shows the importance of exploring the potential of graphs in a real-world context, and could contribute to the emergence of innovative solutions for the complex challenges of our modern society
Hujsa, Thomas. "Contribution à l'étude des réseaux de Petri généralisés." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066342/document.
Full textMany real systems and applications, including flexible manufacturing systems and embedded systems, are composed of communicating tasks and may be modeled by weighted Petri nets. The behavior of these systems can be checked on their model early on at the design phase, thus avoiding costly simulations on the designed systems. Usually, the models should exhibit three basic properties: liveness, boundedness and reversibility.Liveness preserves the possibility of executing every task, while boundedness ensures that the operations can be performed with a bounded amount ofresources. Reversibility avoids a costly initialization phase and allows resets of the system.Most existing methods to analyse these properties have exponential time complexity.By focusing on several expressive subclasses of weighted Petri nets, namely Fork-Attribution, Choice-Free, Join-Free and Equal-Conflict nets,the first polynomial algorithms that ensure liveness, boundednessand reversibility for these classes have been developed in this thesis.First, we provide several polynomial time transformations that preserve structural andbehavioral properties of weighted Petri nets, while simplifying the study of their behavior.Second, we use these transformations to obtain several polynomial sufficient conditions of livenessfor the subclasses considered. Finally, the transformations also prove useful for the study of the reversibility propertyunder the liveness assumption. We provide several characterizations and polynomial sufficient conditionsof reversibility for the same subclasses. All our conditions are scalable and can be easily implemented in real systems
Hujsa, Thomas. "Contribution à l'étude des réseaux de Petri généralisés." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066342.
Full textMany real systems and applications, including flexible manufacturing systems and embedded systems, are composed of communicating tasks and may be modeled by weighted Petri nets. The behavior of these systems can be checked on their model early on at the design phase, thus avoiding costly simulations on the designed systems. Usually, the models should exhibit three basic properties: liveness, boundedness and reversibility.Liveness preserves the possibility of executing every task, while boundedness ensures that the operations can be performed with a bounded amount ofresources. Reversibility avoids a costly initialization phase and allows resets of the system.Most existing methods to analyse these properties have exponential time complexity.By focusing on several expressive subclasses of weighted Petri nets, namely Fork-Attribution, Choice-Free, Join-Free and Equal-Conflict nets,the first polynomial algorithms that ensure liveness, boundednessand reversibility for these classes have been developed in this thesis.First, we provide several polynomial time transformations that preserve structural andbehavioral properties of weighted Petri nets, while simplifying the study of their behavior.Second, we use these transformations to obtain several polynomial sufficient conditions of livenessfor the subclasses considered. Finally, the transformations also prove useful for the study of the reversibility propertyunder the liveness assumption. We provide several characterizations and polynomial sufficient conditionsof reversibility for the same subclasses. All our conditions are scalable and can be easily implemented in real systems
Daligault, Jean. "Techniques combinatoires pour les algorithmes paramétrés et les noyaux, avec applications aux problèmes de multicoupe." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00804206.
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