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Academic literature on the topic 'Graphene derivatives'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Graphene derivatives"

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Inagaki, Michio, and Feiyu Kang. "Graphene derivatives: graphane, fluorographene, graphene oxide, graphyne and graphdiyne." J. Mater. Chem. A 2, no. 33 (2014): 13193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta01183j.

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Banerjee, Arghya Narayan. "Graphene and its derivatives as biomedical materials: future prospects and challenges." Interface Focus 8, no. 3 (April 20, 2018): 20170056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2017.0056.

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Graphene and its derivatives possess some intriguing properties, which generates tremendous interests in various fields, including biomedicine. The biomedical applications of graphene-based nanomaterials have attracted great interests over the last decade, and several groups have started working on this field around the globe. Because of the excellent biocompatibility, solubility and selectivity, graphene and its derivatives have shown great potential as biosensing and bio-imaging materials. Also, due to some unique physico-chemical properties of graphene and its derivatives, such as large surface area, high purity, good bio-functionalizability, easy solubility, high drug loading capacity, capability of easy cell membrane penetration, etc., graphene-based nanomaterials become promising candidates for bio-delivery carriers. Besides, graphene and its derivatives have also shown interesting applications in the fields of cell-culture, cell-growth and tissue engineering. In this article, a comprehensive review on the applications of graphene and its derivatives as biomedical materials has been presented. The unique properties of graphene and its derivatives (such as graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphane, graphone, graphyne, graphdiyne, fluorographene and their doped versions) have been discussed, followed by discussions on the recent efforts on the applications of graphene and its derivatives in biosensing, bio-imaging, drug delivery and therapy, cell culture, tissue engineering and cell growth. Also, the challenges involved in the use of graphene and its derivatives as biomedical materials are discussed briefly, followed by the future perspectives of the use of graphene-based nanomaterials in bio-applications. The review will provide an outlook to the applications of graphene and its derivatives, and may open up new horizons to inspire broader interests across various disciplines.

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Cao, Qiang, Xiao Geng, Huaipeng Wang, Pengjie Wang, Aaron Liu, Yucheng Lan, and Qing Peng. "A Review of Current Development of Graphene Mechanics." Crystals 8, no. 9 (September 6, 2018): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst8090357.

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Graphene, a two-dimensional carbon in honeycomb crystal with single-atom thickness, possesses extraordinary properties and fascinating applications. Graphene mechanics is very important, as it relates to the integrity and various nanomechanical behaviors including flexing, moving, rotating, vibrating, and even twisting of graphene. The relationship between the strain and stress plays an essential role in graphene mechanics. Strain can dramatically influence the electronic and optical properties, and could be utilized to engineering those properties. Furthermore, graphene with specific kinds of defects exhibit mechanical enhancements and thus the electronic enhancements. In this short review, we focus on the current development of graphene mechanics, including tension and compression, fracture, shearing, bending, friction, and dynamics properties of graphene from both experiments and numerical simulations. We also touch graphene derivatives, including graphane, graphone, graphyne, fluorographene, and graphene oxide, which carve some fancy mechanical properties out from graphene. Our review summarizes the current achievements of graphene mechanics, and then shows the future prospects.

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Dolina, Ekaterina S., Pavel A. Kulyamin, Anastasiya A. Grekova, Alexey I. Kochaev, Mikhail M. Maslov, and Konstantin P. Katin. "Thermal Stability and Vibrational Properties of the 6,6,12-Graphyne-Based Isolated Molecules and Two-Dimensional Crystal." Materials 16, no. 5 (February 27, 2023): 1964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16051964.

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We report the geometry, kinetic energy, and some optical properties of the 6,6,12-graphyne-based systems. We obtained the values of their binding energies and structural characteristics such as bond lengths and valence angles. Moreover, using nonorthogonal tight-binding molecular dynamics, we carried out a comparative analysis of the thermal stability of 6,6,12-graphyne-based isolated fragments (oligomer) and two-dimensional crystals constructed on its basis in a wide temperature range from 2500 to 4000 K. We found the temperature dependence of the lifetime for the finite graphyne-based oligomer as well as for the 6,6,12-graphyne crystal using a numerical experiment. From these temperature dependencies, we obtained the activation energies and frequency factors in the Arrhenius equation that determine the thermal stability of the considered systems. The calculated activation energies are fairly high: 1.64 eV for the 6,6,12-graphyne-based oligomer and 2.79 eV for the crystal. It was confirmed that the thermal stability of the 6,6,12-graphyne crystal concedes only to traditional graphene. At the same time, it is more stable than graphene derivatives such as graphane and graphone. In addition, we present data on the Raman and IR spectra of the 6,6,12-graphyne, which will help distinguish it from the other carbon low-dimensional allotropes in the experiment.

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Kumar, Sanjay, Himanshi, Jyoti Prakash, Ankit Verma, Suman, Rohit Jasrotia, Abhishek Kandwal, et al. "A Review on Properties and Environmental Applications of Graphene and Its Derivative-Based Composites." Catalysts 13, no. 1 (January 4, 2023): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13010111.

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Graphene-based materials have gained a lot of scientific interest in the research era of modern technology, which can be quite flexible. Graphene has become popular as a potential material for the manufacture of a wide range of technologies due to its remarkable electrical, mechanical, and optical traits. Due to these excellent characteristics, the derivatives of graphene can be functionalized in various applications including environmental, medical, electronic, defence applications, and many more. In this review paper, we discussed the different synthesis methods for the extraction of graphene and its derivatives. The different traits of graphene and its derivatives such as structural, mechanical, and optical were also discussed. An extensive literature review on the application of graphene-based composites is presented in this work. We also outlined graphene’s potential in the realm of environmental purification through different techniques such as filtration, adsorption, and photocatalysis. Lastly, the challenges and opportunities of graphene and its derivatives for advanced environmental applications were reported.

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Bagade, Sonal Santosh, Shashidhar Patel, M. M. Malik, and Piyush K. Patel. "Recent Advancements in Applications of Graphene to Attain Next-Level Solar Cells." C 9, no. 3 (July 19, 2023): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c9030070.

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This paper presents an intensive review covering all the versatile applications of graphene and its derivatives in solar photovoltaic technology. To understand the internal working mechanism for the attainment of highly efficient graphene-based solar cells, graphene’s parameters of control, namely its number of layers and doping concentration are thoroughly discussed. The popular graphene synthesis techniques are studied. A detailed review of various possible applications of utilizing graphene’s attractive properties in solar cell technology is conducted. This paper clearly mentions its applications as an efficient transparent conducting electrode, photoactive layer and Schottky junction formation. The paper also covers advancements in the 10 different types of solar cell technologies caused by the incorporation of graphene and its derivatives in solar cell architecture. Graphene-based solar cells are observed to outperform those solar cells with the same configuration but lacking the presence of graphene in them. Various roles that graphene efficiently performs in the individual type of solar cell technology are also explored. Moreover, bi-layer (and sometimes, tri-layer) graphene is shown to have the potential to fairly uplift the solar cell performance appreciably as well as impart maximum stability to solar cells as compared to multi-layered graphene. The current challenges concerning graphene-based solar cells along with the various strategies adopted to resolve the issues are also mentioned. Hence, graphene and its derivatives are demonstrated to provide a viable path towards light-weight, flexible, cost-friendly, eco-friendly, stable and highly efficient solar cell technology.

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Zhang, Liying, Chao Wu, Xiangdong Ding, Yong Fang, and Jun Sun. "Separation selectivity and structural flexibility of graphene-like 2-dimensional membranes." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 27 (2018): 18192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp00466h.

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Single-layer membranes of porous graphene, graphyne derivatives (α/α2/β-graphyne), and porous boron nitride (BN) with similar pore sizes (approximately 8 × 6 Å) have shown different separation properties toward alkane isomers.

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Pumera, Martin, and Zdeněk Sofer. "Towards stoichiometric analogues of graphene: graphane, fluorographene, graphol, graphene acid and others." Chemical Society Reviews 46, no. 15 (2017): 4450–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00215g.

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Sajit, Rathin, B. Harinesh, M. P. Jenarthanan, M. Ramachandran, and Prasanth Vidhya. "Thermal Characterization of Graphene Based Composites." 1 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/jemm/8/1/2.

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Graphene, an atomic thin two-dimensional carbonaceous nanomaterial, has exceptional electrical, mechanical and chemical properties. There is also great research interest in the development of two technologies. Since the discovery of graphene, this reliable Wide range of material applications Integrated,and many attempts have been made To modify the structure of graphene. Particular attention is paid. Graphene Derivatives Graphene Oxide Hole Graphene / Graphene oxide, recent Developments development of reduced Graphene oxide and graphene quantum points. In this chapter, the inherent properties of the definition and the different approaches to top-down and basically graphene derivatives are discussed below. This includes the formation of derivatives of graphene by chemical oxidation. In addition, the bit and peel-out mechanism for creating graphene derivatives, which leads For a better understanding of Physics of graphene derivatives And chemical properties.

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Hadizadeh, Nastaran, Saba Zeidi, Helia Khodabakhsh, Samaneh Zeidi, Aram Rezaei, Zhuobin Liang, Mojtaba Dashtizad, and Ehsan Hashemi. "An overview on the reproductive toxicity of graphene derivatives: Highlighting the importance." Nanotechnology Reviews 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1076–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2022-0063.

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Abstract With the glorious discovery of graphene back in 2004, the field of nanotechnology was faced with a breakthrough that soon attracted the attention of many scientists from all over the world. Owing to its unique bidimensional structure and exquisite physicochemical properties, graphene has successfully managed to cave its way up to the list of the most investigated topics, while being extensively used in various fields of science and technology. However, serious concerns have been raised about the safety of graphene, for which numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate the toxicity of graphene derivatives in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. The reproductive toxicity of graphene is one of the most important aspects of this subject as it not only affects the individual but can also potentially put the health of one’s offsprings at risk and display long-term toxic effects. Given the crucial importance of graphene’s reproductive toxicity, more attention has been recently shifted toward this subject; however, the existing literature remains insufficient. Therefore, we have conducted this review with the aim of providing researchers with assorted information regarding the toxicity of graphene derivatives and their underlying mechanisms, while mentioning some of the major challenges and gaps in the current knowledge to further elucidate the path to exploring graphene’s true nature. We hope that our work will effectively give insight to researchers who are interested in this topic and also aid them in completing the yet unfinished puzzle of graphene toxicity.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Graphene derivatives"

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Nair, Rahul Raveendran. "Atomic structure and properties of graphene and novel graphene derivatives." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527419.

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Eckmann, Axel. "Raman spectroscopy of graphene, its derivatives and graphene-based heterostructures." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/raman-spectroscopy-of-graphene-its-derivatives-and-graphenebased-heterostructures(fbb9d645-4fb3-4a75-b5c9-9a8483d6e9ac).html.

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In less than a decade of research, graphene has earned a long list of superlatives to its name and is expected to have applications in various fields such as electronics, photonics, optoelectronics, materials, biology and chemistry. Graphene has also attracted a lot of attention because its properties can be engineered either via intrinsic changes or by modification of its environment. Raman spectroscopy has become an ideal characterization method to obtain qualitative and quantitative information on these changes. This thesis investigates the possibility to change, supplement and monitor the electonic and optical properties as well as the chemical reactivity of graphene. It is achieved by i) substrate effect, ii) introduction of defects in the structure of graphene and iii) the combination of graphene with other two- dimensional crystals such as hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and transition metal dichacolgenides. In particular, the experimental work presented here describes: I - The influence of the type of substrate on the Raman intensity of graphene. This work leads to the calculation of the Raman scattering efficiency of graphene after CaF2 is found to be a suitable substrate for this kind of study in contrast to Si/SiOx that strongly modulates the Raman intensities. The G peak scattering efficiency is found to be about 200 x 10-5 m-1 Sr-1 at 2.4 eV while that of the 2D peak is one order of magnitude higher, confirming the resonant nature of the 2D peak Raman scattering process. II - An attractive method to produce large (up to several hundreds of microns across) and high quality graphene by anodic bonding. This cheap, fast and solvent-free method also allows introduction of vacancy like defects in the samples in a relatively controllable way. III - The Raman signatures of several types of defect such as sp3 sites, vacancies and substitutional atoms. For low defect concentration (stage 1) the intensitiy ratio I(D)/I(D') is constant and is 13 for sp3 sites, 9 for substitutional atoms and 7 for vacancies. This signature is explained using the local activation model recently proposed to model the amorphization trajectory of graphene with containing vacancy-like defects. IV - Controlled modification of graphene through mild oxygen plasma. The influence of sp3 sites on monolayer and bilayer graphene's electrical properties are discussed. In the case of bilayer under controlled conditions, it is possible to modify only the top layer. This may lead to decoupling between the two layers, which could explain the good mobility measured for this system. The possiblity to use such system as a sensor is discussed. V - The characteristic Raman signature of aligned graphene/h-BN superlattices. The Raman spectrum shows strong changes in perfectly aligned superlattices, which could be attributed to the reconstruction of the Dirac spectrum. VI - A prototype photovoltaic cell made of a graphene and tungsten disulphide (WS2) heterostructure with an external quantum efficiency of about 30%. The beneficial combination of an excellent absorption in WS2 atomically thin films due to the presence of van Hove singularities and graphene used as a transparent, flexible and conductive electrode is demonstrated.

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Jasim, Dhifaf. "Graphene oxide derivatives for biomedical applications." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/graphene-oxide-derivatives-for-biomedical-applications(83c552dc-50f6-4771-95b4-d1aace0db493).html.

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Graphene-based materials (GBM) have recently generated great interest due to their unique two-dimensional (2D) carbon geometry, which confers exceptional physicochemical properties that hold great promise in many fields, including biomedicine. An understanding of how these novel 2D materials interact with the biological milieu is therefore fundamental for their development and use. Graphene oxide (GO) has been proven more biologically friendly than the highly hydrophobic pristine graphene. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to prepare well-characterised GO derivatives and test the hypothesis of their possible use for biomedical applications. GO was prepared reproducibly by a modified Hummers' method and further functionalised by using a radio-metal chelating agent, namely 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) to form GO-DOTA. The constructs were extensively studied using structural, optical and surface characterisation techniques. GO prepared from different forms of graphite demonstrated differences mainly in structure and production yields. However, all GO constructs were found biocompatible, with the mammalian cell cultures tested; furthermore, the biocompatibility of GO prepared as papers was retained when they were used as substrates for cell growth. Radiolabelling of GO-DOTA was further carried out to yield highly stable radio-labelled constructs, both in vitro and in vivo. These constructs were used for in vivo whole-body imaging and biodistribution studies in mice after intravenous administration. Extensive urinary excretion and accumulation mainly in the reticuloendothelial system (RES), including the spleen, liver and lungs, was the main fate of all the GO derivatives used in this thesis. The physicochemical characteristics were determined to play a central role for their preferential fate and accumulation. While the thicker sheets tended to accumulate mainly in the RES, the thinner ones were mostly excreted via the kidneys. Finally, it was crucial to perform safety investigations involving the structure and function of organs at high risk of injury (mainly the kidney and spleen). Our results revealed that no severe structural damage or histopathologic or functional abnormality of these vital organs. However, some preliminary inflammatory responses were detected that require further investigation. In summary, this study helped gain a better understanding of how thin 2D materials interact with biological barriers and the results indicate that these materials could be potential candidates for biological applications. Nevertheless, further investigations are necessary to confirm our findings.

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Treossi, Emanuele <1974&gt. "Chemical Production and Microelectronic Applications of Graphene and Nano-Graphene Derivatives." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4641/1/treossi_emanuele_tesi.pdf.

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Graphene and graphenic derivatives have rapidly emerged as an extremely promising system for electronic, optical, thermal, and electromechanical applications. Several approaches have been developed to produce these materials (i.e. scotch tape, CVD, chemical and solvent exfoliation). In this work we report a chemical approach to produce graphene by reducing graphene oxide (GO) via thermal or electrical methods. A morphological and electrical characterization of these systems has been performed using different techniques such as SPM, SEM, TEM, Raman and XPS. Moreover, we studied the interaction between graphene derivates and organic molecules focusing on the following aspects: - improvement of optical contrast of graphene on different substrates for rapid monolayer identification1 - supramolecular interaction with organic molecules (i.e. thiophene, pyrene etc.)4 - covalent functionalization with optically active molecules2 - preparation and characterization of organic/graphene Field Effect Transistors3-5 Graphene chemistry can potentially allow seamless integration of graphene technology in organic electronics devices to improve device performance and develop new applications for graphene-based materials. [1] E. Treossi, M. Melucci, A. Liscio, M. Gazzano, P. Samorì, and V. Palermo, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2009, 131, 15576. [2] M. Melucci, E. Treossi, L. Ortolani, G. Giambastiani, V. Morandi, P. Klar, C. Casiraghi, P. Samorì, and V. Palermo, J. Mater. Chem., 2010, 20, 9052. [3] J.M. Mativetsky, E. Treossi, E. Orgiu, M. Melucci, G.P. Veronese, P. Samorì, and V. Palermo, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2010, 132, 14130. [4] A. Liscio, G.P. Veronese, E. Treossi, F. Suriano, F. Rossella, V. Bellani, R. Rizzoli, P. Samorì and V. Palermo, J. Mater. Chem., 2011, 21, 2924. [5] J.M. Mativetsky, A. Liscio, E. Treossi, E. Orgiu, A. Zanelli, P. Samorì , V. Palermo, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2011, 133, 14320

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Treossi, Emanuele <1974&gt. "Chemical Production and Microelectronic Applications of Graphene and Nano-Graphene Derivatives." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4641/.

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Graphene and graphenic derivatives have rapidly emerged as an extremely promising system for electronic, optical, thermal, and electromechanical applications. Several approaches have been developed to produce these materials (i.e. scotch tape, CVD, chemical and solvent exfoliation). In this work we report a chemical approach to produce graphene by reducing graphene oxide (GO) via thermal or electrical methods. A morphological and electrical characterization of these systems has been performed using different techniques such as SPM, SEM, TEM, Raman and XPS. Moreover, we studied the interaction between graphene derivates and organic molecules focusing on the following aspects: - improvement of optical contrast of graphene on different substrates for rapid monolayer identification1 - supramolecular interaction with organic molecules (i.e. thiophene, pyrene etc.)4 - covalent functionalization with optically active molecules2 - preparation and characterization of organic/graphene Field Effect Transistors3-5 Graphene chemistry can potentially allow seamless integration of graphene technology in organic electronics devices to improve device performance and develop new applications for graphene-based materials. [1] E. Treossi, M. Melucci, A. Liscio, M. Gazzano, P. Samorì, and V. Palermo, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2009, 131, 15576. [2] M. Melucci, E. Treossi, L. Ortolani, G. Giambastiani, V. Morandi, P. Klar, C. Casiraghi, P. Samorì, and V. Palermo, J. Mater. Chem., 2010, 20, 9052. [3] J.M. Mativetsky, E. Treossi, E. Orgiu, M. Melucci, G.P. Veronese, P. Samorì, and V. Palermo, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2010, 132, 14130. [4] A. Liscio, G.P. Veronese, E. Treossi, F. Suriano, F. Rossella, V. Bellani, R. Rizzoli, P. Samorì and V. Palermo, J. Mater. Chem., 2011, 21, 2924. [5] J.M. Mativetsky, A. Liscio, E. Treossi, E. Orgiu, A. Zanelli, P. Samorì , V. Palermo, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2011, 133, 14320

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MANGADLAO, JOEY DACULA. "Multifunctional Materials from Nanostructured Graphene and Derivatives." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1448279230.

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VAZQUEZ, SULLEIRO MANUEL. "COVALENT FUNCTIONALIZATION OF GRAPHENE DERIVATIVES FOR NOVEL CARBON INTERFACES." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2919820.

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Graphene is an allotrope of carbon material with a unique set of properties. Since it discovery in 2004 the number of publications about this material grew really fast. In the first chapter of this work, a general introduction of these topics, an overview of this material and relevant characterization techniques is described. Chemical functionalization of graphene is a topic of paramount importance, because it allows for the fine-tuning of material’s chemical and physical properties. An additional challenge in graphene functionalization is the surface modification in a controlled way, in order to create novel carbon interfaces to introduce functional biomolecules, like DNA or proteins, which are often used in biosensors and bioelectronics. Chapter 2 discuss the exploration of conventional routes for the preparation and functionalization of graphene. With special emphasis in the underexplore aryne cycloadditions. Besides, the selection of a suitable graphene material for the setting of an electrochemical functionalization of graphene electrodes with future application as biosensor platforms. Moreover, the development of an early-stage essay biosensor of a modified graphene electrode for the electrochemical detection of oligonucleotides. By last, the study of a novel, fast and scalable non-conventional functionalization under microwave irradiation that can solve common problems of the conventional modifications of carbon materials. The present results could open a range of possibilities for the scientific community, paving the way to new functionalization protocols with fast, efficient, large-scale and green procedures to obtain more user-friendly graphene materials and to create novel organic interfaces on diverse graphene derivatives for the manufacture of future biosensors and bioelectronic devices.

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Tsai, I.-Ling. "Magnetic properties of two-dimensional materials : graphene, its derivatives and molybdenum disulfide." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/magnetic-properties-of-twodimensional-materials-graphene-its-derivatives-and-molybdenum-disulfide(59dcba1b-332e-4a58-86f6-80ed56c7fdd1).html.

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Graphene, an atomically thin material consisting of a hexagonal, highly packed carbon lattice, is of great interests in its magnetic properties. These interests can be categorized in several fields: graphene-based magnetic materials and their applications, large diamagnetism of graphene, and the heterostructures of graphene and other two dimensional materials. In the first aspect, magnetic moments can be in theory introduced to graphene by minimizing its size or introducing structural defects, leading to a very light magnetic material. Furthermore, weak spin-orbital interaction, and long spin relaxation length make graphene promising for spintronics. The first part of this thesis addressed our experimental investigation in defect-induced magnetism of graphene. Non-interacted spins of graphene have been observed by intentionally introducing vacancies and adatoms through ion-irradiation and fluorination, respectively. The defect concentration or the magnetic moments introduced in this thesis cannot provide enough interaction for magnetic coupling. Furthermore, the spins induced by vacancies and adatoms can be controlled through shifting the Fermi energy of graphene using molecular doping, where the adatoms were alternatively introduced by annealing in the inert environment. The paramagnetic responses in graphene induced by vacancy-type defects can only be diverted to half of its maximum, while those induced by sp3 defects can be almost completely suppressed. This difference is supposed that vacancy-type defects induced two localized states (pie and sigma). Only the latter states, which is also the only states induced by sp3 defects, involves in the suppression of magnetic moments at the maximum doping achieved in this thesis. The observation through high resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) provides more information to the hypothesis of the previous magnetic findings. Reconstructed single vacancy is the majority of defects discovered in proton-irradiated graphene. This result verifies the defect-induced magnetic findings in our results, as well as the electronic properties of defected graphene in the literatures. On the other hand, the diamagnetic susceptibility of neutral graphene is suggested to be larger than that of graphite, and vanish rapidly as a delta-like function when graphene is doped. In our result, surprisingly, the diamagnetic susceptibility varies little when the Fermi level is less than 0.3 eV, in contrast with the theory. When the Fermi energy is higher than 0.3 eV, susceptibility then reduces significantly as the trend of graphite. The little variation in susceptibility near the Dirac point is probably attributed to the spatial confinement of graphene nanoflakes, which are the composition of graphene laminates. In the end of this thesis, we discuss the magnetic properties in one of the other two dimensional materials, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). It is a potential material for graphene-based heterostructure applications. The magnetic moments in MoS2 are shown to be induced by either edges or vacancies, which are introduced by sonication or proton-irradiation, respectively, similar to the suggestions by theories. However, no significant ferromagnetic finding has been found in all of our cases.

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Hassan, Md Mahbub. "Synthesis of Graphene and its Derivatives for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Applications." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14069.

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A high yield aqueous phase exfoliation route for few layers graphene sheets (FLGs) was developed using expanded graphite as starting precursor. Afterward graphene derivatives such as activated graphene, graphene quantum dots, heteroatom doped graphene and graphene/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite were serially produced using this high quality FLGs as precursor materials. FLGs with high yield (90%) were first time synthesized by a very simple and quick (60 min) one step ultrasonication process. Incorporation of small portion (1 wt %) of this FLGs significantly enhanced the thermal and electrical properties of a polystyrene based composite. Activation by KOH of the FLGs produced activated few layers graphene sheets (aFLGs) with nanoporous morphology and 19 folds higher surface areas. The ultrasonic waves further caused easy ripping in the bridged porous structure of aFLGs resulting the production of reduced size graphene quantum dots (GQDs). This new type of dots named activated graphene quantum dots (aGQDs) was first time introduced in material world and compared to conventional GQDs, it exhibited enhanced BET surface area by a factor of about six, the photoluminescence intensity by about four and half times and electrochemical double layer-capacitance by a factor of about two. Moreover the heteroatoms, nitrogen (N) and Iodine (I) were simultaneously doped on the aFLGs resulting in NIG. This is a first demonstration for Iodine to be used as dual dopant with any nanocarbon materials and showed the direct 4e- reduction process and synergistic electrocatalytic activity than that of its singularly doped N and I counterpart in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) application. A standalone flexible composite film was also synthesized by electrostatic interaction between PANI nanospheres and GO sheets. A new method for in-situ chemical reduction of GO in composite by hydroiodic acid (HI) produced the 3D open structure of graphene/PANI without altering their pre-built hierarchical network. The electro-capacitance of the film was enhanced by 60% through the synergistic combination of graphene and PANI nanostructures and about 81% capacity retention was achieved for the composite compared to 38% for PANI alone after subjecting the samples to 5000 cyclic operations.

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Wychowaniec, Jacek. "Designing nanostructured peptide hydrogels containing graphene oxide and its derivatives for tissue engineering and biomedical applications." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/designing-nanostructured-peptide-hydrogels-containing-graphene-oxide-and-its-derivatives-for-tissue-engineering-and-biomedical-applications(409e60a2-ed17-45bf-ab6c-b76ede937a67).html.

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Progress in biomedicine requires the design of functional biomaterials, in particular, 3-dimensional (3D) scaffolds. Shear thinning, β-sheet based peptide hydrogels have attracted wide interest due to their potential use in tissue engineering and biomedical applications as 3D functional scaffolds. The emergence of carbon nanomaterials has also opened the door for the construction of increasingly functional hybrid hydrogels built from nanofibres and graphene-based materials using non-covalent physical interactions. The relationship between peptide molecular structure and the formed hydrogel is important for understanding the material response to shear. In particular, the physicochemical properties of peptide based biomaterials will affect the feasibility of injecting them during medical procedures. In the first part of this work, four peptides: FEFKFEFK (F8), FKFEFKFK (FK), KFEFKFEFK (KF8) and KFEFKFEFKK (KF8K) (F - phenylalanine, E - glutamic acid, K - lysine) were designed and used at identical charge to explore the effect of lysine rich β-sheet self-assembling sequences on the shear thinning behaviour and final properties of bulk hydrogels. By varying the peptide sequence design and concentration of the peptide, the tendency of the nanofibres formed to aggregate and the balance of nanofibre junction strength versus fibre cohesive strength could be explored. This allowed the existing theory of the shear thinning behaviour of this class of materials to be extended. The relationship between molecular structures of nanofibres forming the 3D network and the nano-filler is critical to understand in order to design tuneable and functional materials. In the next part of the work, three rationally designed β-sheet peptides, which form hydrogels: VEVKVEVK (V8), FEFKFEFK (F8) and FEFEFKFE (FE) (V - valine) and five graphene-based materials: graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), three graphene-polymer hybrid flakes: GO with polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (GO/PDADMAC), rGO with PDADMAC (rGO/PDADMAC) and rGO with polyvinylpyrrolidone (rGO/PVP) were used to form a selection of hybrid hydrogels. Graphene derivatives of the lateral flake sizes of 16.8 ± 10.1 µm were used. Various interactions between the graphene flakes and the peptides were observed that affected the overall mechanical properties of the hydrogels. Electrostatic interactions and pie-pie stacking, when phenylalanine residues are present, were shown to play a key role in determining the dispersion of graphene materials in the peptide hydrogels and stiffness of the hybrid materials. In particular, FE with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and FE with rGO covered with polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) thin film formed double network-like hybrid hydrogels due to strong formation of peptide nanofibrillar bridges between adjacent rGO flakes. This corresponded to the 3- and 4-fold increase in the storage modulus (Gꞌ) of these hydrogels in comparison to controls. FE hydrogels with homogeneus dispersions of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) are further shown to be suitable for 3D culture of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with no cytotoxicity. These results focus attention on the importance of understanding interactions between the nano-filler and the nanofibrillar network in forming hybrid hydrogels with tuneable mechanical and biological properties, and demonstrates the possibility of using these materials as 3D cell culture scaffolds for biomedical purposes. Furthermore, graphene oxide (GO) itself is currently used in a number of processes of technological relevance such as wet spinning, injection moulding or inkjet printing to form graphene fibres, composites and printed conductors. Typically, such processes utilise well-aligned layered GO liquid crystal (LC) structures in aqueous dispersions. Flow and confinement encountered during processing affects the alignment and stability of this phase. In the final part of this work, the alignment of GOLCs of two lateral flake sizes (42.1 ± 29.4 µm and 15.5 ± 7.5 µm) were probed under a wide range of rotational shear flow conditions that overlap with the manufacturing processes defined by angular speeds from 0.08 to 8 rad.s-1 (and corresponding maximum shear rates from 0.1 s-1 to 100 s-1), in real-time, using shear induced polarized light imaging and small angle X-ray scattering, both coupled with an in-situ rheometer (Rheo-SIPLI and Rheo-SAXS, respectively). Under certain conditions, a unique pattern in Rheo-SIPLI: a Maltese cross combined with shear banding was observed. This phenomenon is unique to GO flakes of sufficiently large lateral size. The structure formed is attributed to a helical flow arising from a combination of shear flow and Taylor-vortex type flow, which is reinforced by a mathematical model. The orientations prescribed by this model are consistent with anomalous rheopecty oberved in Rheo-SIPLI and an anomolous scattering pattern in Rheo-SAXS. With the current trend towards producing ultra-large GO flakes, evidence that the flow behaviour changes from a Couette flow to a Taylor vortex flow was provided, which would lead to undesired, or alternatively, controllable alignment of GO flakes for a variety of applications, including aligned structures for biomedical purposes.

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Books on the topic "Graphene derivatives"

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Mohanty, Kaustubha, S. Saran, B. E. Kumara Swamy, and S. C. Sharma, eds. Graphene and its Derivatives (Volume 2). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4382-1.

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Functionalized Graphene Nanocomposites and their Derivatives. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2017-0-00309-9.

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Staff, IntechOpen (Firm), Fabian I. Ezema, and Ishaq Ahmad. Graphene and Its Derivatives: Synthesis and Applications. IntechOpen, 2019.

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Staff, IntechOpen (Firm), Fabian I. Ezema, and Ishaq Ahmad. Graphene and Its Derivatives: Synthesis and Applications. IntechOpen, 2019.

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Staff, IntechOpen (Firm), Fabian I. Ezema, and Ishaq Ahmad. Graphene and Its Derivatives: Synthesis and Applications. IntechOpen, 2019.

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González-Domínguez, José Miguel, ed. Properties and Applications of Graphene and Its Derivatives. MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-0365-4784-8.

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Tour, James M., Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain, Ajeet Kumar Srivastav, and Chandra Sekhar Tiwary. Graphene Extraction from Waste: A Sustainable Synthesis Approach for Graphene and Its Derivatives. Woodhead Publishing, 2022.

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Tour, James M., Chaudhery Mustansar Hussai, Ajeet Kumar Srivastav, and Chandra Sekhar Tiwary. Graphene Extraction from Waste: A Sustainable Synthesis Approach for Graphene and Its Derivatives. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2023.

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Graphene and Its Derivatives - Synthesis and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.73354.

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Jawaid, Mohammad, Abou el Kacem Qaiss, and Rachid Bouhfid. Functionalized Graphene Nanocomposites and Their Derivatives: Synthesis, Processing and Applications. Elsevier, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Graphene derivatives"

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Zhou, Ruhong. "Graphene and Derivatives." In Modeling of Nanotoxicity, 61–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15382-7_4.

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Aleksandrzak, Malgorzata, and Ewa Mijowska. "Graphene and Its Derivatives for Energy Storage." In Graphene Materials, 191–224. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119131816.ch6.

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Pastrana-Martínez, Luisa M., Sergio Morales-Torres, José L. Figueiredo, Joaquim L. Faria, and Adrián M. T. Silva. "Graphene Derivatives in Photocatalysis." In Graphene-based Energy Devices, 249–76. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527690312.ch8.

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Long, Jing, and Gao Xueyun. "Electric Properties of Graphene and Its Chemisorption Derivatives." In Graphene Science Handbook, 237–52. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2016. | “2016: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19642-16.

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Sharma, Rukmani, Shreya Sharma, and Anjana Sarkar. "Graphene and Its Derivatives: Fundamental Properties." In Graphene Based Biopolymer Nanocomposites, 25–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9180-8_2.

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Biswas, Subhadeep, Ankurita Nath, and Anjali Pal. "Application of Graphene, Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Based Composites for Removal of Chlorophenols from Aqueous Media." In Graphene and its Derivatives (Volume 2), 107–27. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4382-1_5.

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Vizintin, Alen, Bostjan Genorio, and Robert Dominko. "CHAPTER 8. Application of Graphene Derivatives in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries." In Chemically Derived Graphene, 222–41. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788012829-00222.

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Paszkiewicz, Sandra, Anna Szymczyk, and Zbigniew Rosłaniec. "Graphene Derivatives in Semicrystalline Polymer Composites." In Advanced 2D Materials, 145–92. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119242635.ch5.

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Lee, Seung J., and A. Rashid bin Mohd Yusoff. "Graphene and Its Derivatives for Highly Efficient Organic Photovoltaics." In Graphene-based Energy Devices, 379–406. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527690312.ch15.

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Pati Tripathi, Chandra Shekhar, Keshav Sharma, Mohd Ali, and Debanjan Guin. "Synthetic Polymer–Graphene/Graphene Derivatives–Based Composites for Wastewater Treatment." In Polymer-Carbonaceous Filler Based Composites for Wastewater Treatment, 115–44. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328094-7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Graphene derivatives"

1

Couris, S., and N. Liaros. "Nonlinear optical response of graphene derivatives." In 2014 16th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icton.2014.6876558.

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Diez Pascual, Ana Maria, Carlos Sainz-Urruela, Soledad Vera-López, and María Paz San Andrés. "Graphene Oxides Derivatives Prepared by an Electrochemical Approach." In 2nd International Online-Conference on Nanomaterials. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iocn2020-07932.

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Tsegaye, Mikiyas S., Patrick E. Hopkins, Avik W. Ghosh, and Pamela M. Norris. "Calculating the Phonon Modes of Graphene Using the 4th Nearest Neighbor Force Constant Method." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66726.

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Abstract:

Graphite has always been a very important material both industrially and academically due to its physical structure. But ever since the isolation of Graphene (a single sheet of Graphite) a few years ago, it’s been one of the most widely studied molecular systems for its potential applications in nano-electronics and other break-through areas. Some of the desirable traits of Graphene are its high thermal and electronic mobility, and its low noise properties. This paper outlines a standard method for calculating phonon dispersion curves in Graphene by making use of force constant measurements. This information is usually obtained from approximations of inter-atomic potentials, which involve derivatives of simplified potential approximations between every atom in Graphene to get the force constant tensors. In this paper, the measured values for the force constants are used in a mathematically rigorous way to calculate the Graphene phonon dispersion curves.

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Otyepka, Michal. "Graphene derivatives as a versatile platform for catalytic applications." In nanoGe Fall Meeting 2021. València: Fundació Scito, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.nfm.2021.229.

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Demitri, Christian, Alfonsina Sara Tarantino, Anna Moscatello, Vincenzo Maria De Benedictis, Marta Madaghiele, Alessandro Sannino, and Alfonso Maffezzoli. "Graphene reinforced Chitosan-Cinnamaldehyde derivatives films: antifungal activity and mechanical properties." In 2015 1st Workshop on Nanotechnology in Instrumentation and Measurement (NANOFIM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nanofim.2015.8425334.

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Maras, Muhammad Artha Jabatsudewa, Siti Fauziyah Rahman, and Gilar Wisnu Hardi. "Progressive graphene derivatives scaffold based for tissue engineering application: A review." In THE 5TH BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING’S RECENT PROGRESS IN BIOMATERIALS, DRUGS DEVELOPMENT, AND MEDICAL DEVICES: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium of Biomedical Engineering (ISBE) 2020. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0047184.

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Silva, C. Alves da, P. Pötschke, F. Simon, M. Holzschuh, J. Pionteck, Heinrich, S. Wießner, and C. Zimmerer. "Synthesis and characterization of graphene derivatives for application in magnetic high-field induction heating." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE EUROPE/AFRICA CONFERENCE DRESDEN 2017 – POLYMER PROCESSING SOCIETY PPS. Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5084903.

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Ghafuri, Hossein, mahsan zargari, Parya Lotfi, and Atefeh Emami. "Graphene-based polymer nanocomposite catalyzed one pot multi-component synthesis of chromene derivatives." In The 20th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-20-a004.

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Li, Jiun-Ming, Po-Hsiung Chan, Chiang Juay Teo, Boo Cheong Khoo, Hongwei Duan, and Van Cuong Mai. "Application of Graphene Oxide and its Derivatives in Gaseous Jet A-1/Air to Enhance Detonation Transition." In Proceedings of the 32nd International Symposium on Shock Waves (ISSW32 2019). Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-11-2730-4_0423-cd.

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Dekamin, Mohammadghorban, Farahnaz Davoodi, and Zahra Alirezvani. "Highly efficient synthesis of benzopyranopyrimidine derivatives catalyzed by functionalized superparamagnetic graphene oxide as a new and recoverable catalyst." In The 21st International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-21-05068.

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