Academic literature on the topic 'Grapevines'
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Journal articles on the topic "Grapevines"
Kiss, Tomáš, Mária Kocanová, Aleš Vavřiník, Dorota Tekielska, Jakub Pečenka, Eliška Hakalová, Milan Špetík, et al. "Incidence of GLMD-Like Symptoms on Grapevines Naturally Infected by Grapevine Pinot gris virus, Boron Content and Gene Expression Analysis of Boron Metabolism Genes." Agronomy 11, no. 6 (May 21, 2021): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061020.
Full textCholet, Céline, Émilie Bruez, Pascal Lecomte, Audrey Barsacq, Tommaso Martignon, Massimo Giudici, Marco Simonit, Denis Dubourdieu, and Laurence Gény. "Plant resilience and physiological modifications induced by curettage of Esca-diseased grapevines." OENO One 55, no. 1 (February 12, 2021): 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2021.55.1.4478.
Full textEichmeier, Aleš, Eliška Peňázová, Jana Čechová, and Akila Berraf-Tebbal. "Survey and Diversity of Grapevine Pinot gris virus in Algeria and Comprehensive High-Throughput Small RNA Sequencing Analysis of Two Isolates from Vitis vinifera cv. Sabel Revealing High Viral Diversity." Genes 11, no. 9 (September 22, 2020): 1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11091110.
Full textSosnowski, M. R., R. Lardner, T. J. Wicks, and E. S. Scott. "The Influence of Grapevine Cultivar and Isolate of Eutypa lata on Wood and Foliar Symptoms." Plant Disease 91, no. 8 (August 2007): 924–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-8-0924.
Full textZhang, Yu, Kashmir Singh, Ravneet Kaur, and Wenping Qiu. "Association of a Novel DNA Virus with the Grapevine Vein-Clearing and Vine Decline Syndrome." Phytopathology® 101, no. 9 (September 2011): 1081–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-02-11-0034.
Full textBrannen, Phillip M., C. Michael Deom, O. J. Alabi, and Rayapati A. Naidu. "Prevalence of Viruses in Commercial Wine Grape Vineyards in Georgia." Plant Health Progress 19, no. 4 (January 1, 2018): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-07-18-0040-s.
Full textBaumgartner, Kendra. "Root Collar Excavation for Postinfection Control of Armillaria Root Disease of Grapevine." Plant Disease 88, no. 11 (November 2004): 1235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.11.1235.
Full textGuta, Ionela-Catalina, and Elena-Cocuta Buciumeanu. "Grapevine Pinot gris virus infecting grapevines in Romania - Short Communicaiton." Horticultural Science 48, No. 1 (March 31, 2021): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/65/2020-hortsci.
Full textJežić, Marin, Jasminka Karoglan Kontić, Darko Preiner, Edi Maletić, and Mirna Ćurković-Perica. "Grapevine yellows affecting the Croatian indigenous grapevine cultivar Grk." Acta Botanica Croatica 72, no. 2 (October 1, 2013): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/botcro-2013-0007.
Full textAlcorta, Marisa, Matthew W. Fidelibus, Kerri L. Steenwerth, and Anil Shrestha. "Competitive Effects of Glyphosate-Resistant and Glyphosate-Susceptible Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) on Young Grapevines (Vitis vinifera)." Weed Science 59, no. 4 (December 2011): 489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-10-00186.1.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Grapevines"
Walsh, Helen Ann. "Rapid Detection of Grapevine Leafroll-associated virus Type 3 using the reverse transcription loop-mediated amplification method." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/41018.
Full textDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Microbiology and Plant Pathology
unrestricted
Dry, P. R. "Primary bud-axis necrosis of grapevines /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09ad798.pdf.
Full textDu, Plessis Kari. "Analysis of antifungal resistance phenotypes in transgenic grapevines." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71621.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: The latest strategies in the protection of crops against microbial pathogens are rooted in harnessing the natural, highly complex defense mechanisms of plants through genetic engineering to ultimately reduce the application of chemical pesticides. This approach relies on an in-depth understanding of plant-pathogen interactions to develop reasonable strategies for plant improvement. Among the highly specialized defense mechanisms in the plant’s arsenal against pathogen attack, is the de novo production of proteinaceous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as part of the plant’s innate immunity. These AMPs are small, cysteine-rich peptides such as plant defensins that are known for their broad-spectrum of antifungal activity. These plant defensin peptides have been found to be present in most, if not all plant species and the defensin encoding genes are over-represented in plant genomes. Most of these defensins are generally the products of single genes, allowing the plant to deliver these molecules relatively rapidly and with minimal energetic expense to the plant. These factors contribute to establishing AMPs as excellent candidates for genetic engineering strategies in the pursuit of alternative crop protection mechanisms. The first antimicrobial peptide identified and isolated from grapevine, Vv-AMP1, was found to be developmentally regulated and exclusively expressed in berries from the onset of ripening. Recombinantly produced Vv-AMP1 showed strong antifungal activity against a wide range of plant pathogenic fungi at remarkably low peptide concentrations in vitro, however, no in planta defense phenotype could thus far be linked to this peptide. In this study, the antifungal activity of Vv-AMP1 constitutively overexpressed in its native host (Vitis vinifera) was evaluated against grapevine-specific necrotrophic and biotrophic fungi. Firstly, a hardened-off genetically characterised transgenic V. vinifera (cv. Sultana) population overexpressing Vv-AMP1 was generated and morphologically characterized. In order to evaluate the in planta functionality of Vv-AMP1 overexpressed in grapevine, this confirmed transgenic population was subjected to antifungal assays with the necrotrophic fungus, B. cinerea and the biotrophic powdery mildew fungus, Erysiphe necator. For the purpose of infection assays with a biotrophic fungus, a method for the cultivation and infection with E. necator was optimized to generate a reproducible pathosystem for this fungus on grapevine. Detached leaf assays according to the optimized method with E. necator revealed programmed cell death (PCD) associated resistance linked to overexpression of Vv-AMP1 that can be compared to that of the highly resistant grapevine species, Muscadinia rotundifolia. Contrastingly, whole-plant infection assays with B. cinerea revealed that Vv-AMP1 overexpression does not confer V. vinifera with elevated resistance against this necrotrophic fungus. An in silico analysis of the transcription of defensin-like (DEFL) genes previously identified in grapevine was included in this study. This analysis revealed putative co-expression of these DEFL genes and other genes in the grapevine genome driven by either tissue- or cultivar specific regulation or the plant’s response to biotic and abiotic stress stimuli. In conclusion, this study contributed to our knowledge regarding Vv-AMP1 and revealed an in planta defense phenotype for this defensin in grapevine. In silico analysis of the DEFL genes in grapevine further revealed conditions driving expression of these genes allowing for inferences to be made regarding the possible biological functions of DEFL peptides in grapevine.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die nuutste strategieë wat deel vorm van die beskerming van plant gewasse teen mikrobiese patogene het hul oorsprong in die inspanning van die natuurlike, hoogs gekompliseerde verdedigingsmeganismes van die plant deur middel van genetiese enginieurswese ten einde die gebruik van chemiese plaagdoders te verlaag. Hierdie benadering maak staat op ‘n in-diepte begrip van plant-patogeen interaksies om verstandige strategieë vir plantverbetering te kan ontwikkel. Van hierdie hoogs-gespesialiseerde verdedigingsmeganismses in die plant se arsenaal teen patogeen aanvalle sluit die de novo produksie van proteinagtige antimikrobiese peptiede (AMPs) in as deel van die plant se ingebore immuunstelsel. Hierdie AMPs is klein, sisteïen-ryke peptiede soos die plant “defensins” en is bekend vir hul breë-spektrum antifungiese aktiwiteit. Hierdie plant defensinpeptiede word aangetref in meeste, indien nie alle plant spesies nie en die defensin koderende gene word oor-verteenwoordig in plant genome. Meeste van hierdie defensins is gewoonlik die produkte van enkele gene wat die plant in staat stel om hierdie molekules relatief spoedig en met minimale energie verbruik in die plant te vorm. Hierdie faktore dra by tot die vestiging van AMPs as uitstekende kandidate vir genetiese ingenieursstrategieë as deel van die strewe na alternatiewe gewasbeskermingsmeganismes. Die eerste antimikrobiese peptied wat geïdentifiseer en geïsoleer is uit wingerd, Vv-AMP1, word beheer deur die ontwikkelingsstadium en word eksklusief uitgedruk in korrels vanaf die aanvang van rypwording. Rekombinant-geproduseerde Vv-AMP1 het sterk antifungiese aktiwiteit getoon teen ‘n wye reeks plantpatogeniese swamme teen merkwaardige lae peptied konsentrasies in vitro, alhoewel geen in planta verdedigingsfenotipe tot dusver gekoppel kon word aan hierdie peptied nie. In hierdie studie was die antifungiese aktiwiteit van Vv-AMP1 wat ooruitgedruk is in sy natuurlike gasheerplant (Vitis vinifera) ge-evalueer teen wingerd-spesifieke nekrotrofiese- en biotrofiese swamme. Eerstens is ‘n afgeharde geneties-gekarakteriseerde transgeniese V. vinifera (cv. Sultana) populasie wat Vv-AMP1 ooruitdruk gegenereer en morfologies gekarakteriseer. Om die in planta funksionaliteit van Vv-AMP1 ooruitgedruk in wingerd te evalueer is hierdie bevestigde transgeniese populasie blootgestel aan antifungiese toetse met die nekrotrofiese swam, B. cinerea en die biotrofiese swam, Erysiphe necator. Vir die doel om infeksiestudies uit te voer met ‘n biotrofiese swam is ‘n metode geoptimiseer vir die kweek en infeksies met E. necator wat gelei het tot ‘n herhaalbare patosisteem vir hierdie swam op wingerd. Blaarstudies, volgens die pas-verbeterde metode vir E. necator infeksies het ‘n geprogrammeerde seldood-geassosieërde weerstand, gekoppel aan die ooruitdrukking van Vv-AMP1 onthul, wat vergelyk kan word met dié van die hoogs-weerstandige wingerdspesie, Muscadinia rotundifolia. Hierteenoor het heel-plant infeksie studies met B. cinerea onthul dat Vv-AMP1 ooruitdrukking geen verhoogde weerstand teen dié nekrotrofiese swam aan V. vinifera bied nie. ‘n In silico analise van die transkripsie van defensin-agtige (DEFL) gene wat vroeër in wingerd geïdentifiseer is, is by hierdie studie ingesluit. Hierdie analise het vermeende gesamentlike uitdrukking van hierdie DEFL gene en ander gene in die wingerd genoom onthul wat aangedryf word deur weefsel- of kultivar-spesifieke regulering of die plant se reaksie tot biotiese en abiotiese stress stimuli. Ten slotte, hierdie resultate het bygedra tot ons kennis in verband met Vv-AMP1 en het ‘n in planta verdedigingsfenotipe vir hierdie defensin in wingerd onthul. In silico analiese van die DEFL gene in wingerd het verder toestande onthul wat die uitdrukking van hierdie gene aandryf wat ons toelaat om aannames te maak ten opsigte van die moontlike biologiese funksies van DEFL peptiede in wingerd en ondersteun die opstel en toets van hipoteses vir die rol en megansimes van aksie van die wingerd defensin familie.
Jones, Taylor J. "Documentation of grapevine leafroll-associated viruses in wine grape varieties and native grape species in Virginia, and examination of the movement of grapevine leafroll disease to develop management strategies." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49567.
Full textMaster of Science in Life Sciences
Stevens, Robert M. "The response of grapevines to transient soil salinisation /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09as848.pdf.
Full textGroenewald, Michelle. "Characterization and control of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora in grapevines." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51650.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Petri grapevme decline, also known as black goo, slow die-back and Phaeoacremonium grapevine decline, causes significant losses of young vines worldwide. Species of Phaeoacremonium, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and related genera are associated with this grapevine disease. This study investigates the Phaeoacremonium-complex and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, focussing on the species isolated from grapevines. Fungicide sensitivity of Pa. chlamydospora and the possibility of employing molecular techniques for the detection of Pa. chlamydospora in grapevines were also investigated. In an overview of the literature on Petri grapevine decline the disease history and the relatedness of Petri grapevine decline to esca is discussed. Petri grapvine decline occurs in propagation material or young vines. Infected material can appear asymptomatic and therefore the possibilities of molecular techniques for identification were also investigated in the literature. In South Africa Pa. chlamydospora is the dominant organism causing Petri grapevine decline and therefore different fungicides were evaluated to control this fungus. Six isolates of Pa. chlamydospora, from Stellenbosch, Wellington, Somerset West and Malmesbury of Western Cape province, South Africa, were screened against twelve fungicides testing their effect on mycelial inhibition in vitro. These fungicides included benomyl, chlorothalonil, fenarimol, fosetyl-Al, iprodione, kresoxim-methyl, mancozeb, metalaxyl, prochloraz manganese chloride, quintozene, tebuconazole and thiram. Results provided the base-line sensitivity of South African isolates of Pa. chlamydospora. Benomyl, fenarimol, kresoxim-methyl, prochloraz manganese chloride and tebuconazole were the most effective (with EC50 values ranging from 0.01 to 0.05 ug/ml) for inhibiting mycelial growth of Pa. chlamydospora in vitro. This in vitro test gave a good indication of which fungicides could be selected for further studies in glasshouses and nurseries. The molecular phylogeny of Phaeoacremonium and Phaeomoniella isolates from grapevines of South Africa, or isolates obtained from the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS) in the Netherland, were investigated. Sequence data were created from the rONA region and partial B-tubulin gene of 33 of these isolates using the PCR technique. This sequence data were analysed with PAUP* version 4.Ob2a. An analysis of the sequence data confirmed the genus Phaeomoniella to be distinct from Phaeoacremonium (Pm.) based on DNA phylogeny. Although morphologically similar, the species status of Pm. aleophi/um and Pm. angustius was confirmed with DNA phylogeny and cultural characteristics. Pm. aleophilum has an optimum growth rate at 30°C and the ability to grow at 35°C, where as Pm. angustius has an optimum growth rate at 25°C and cannot grow at 35°C_ Pm. viticola was shown to be synonymous with Pm. angustius, and a new species, Pm. mortoniae, was newly described from grapevine occurring in California. Futhermore, Pm. aleophilum was newly reported from South Africa and grapevine isolates thought to be Pm. inflatipes were all re-identified as Pm. aleophilum. These findings therefore also shed some doubt on the possible role of Pm. inflatipes in Petri grapevine decline. It was confirmed that Pa. chlamydospora, Pm. aleophilum and Pm. angustius are the species involved in Petri grapevine decline. Pm. mortoniae was isolated from grapevines, but its pathogenicity should still be confirmed and the role of Pm. injlatipes in Petri grapevine decline remains unclear. Pa. chlamydospora has been routinely isolated from symptomless propagation and nursery material. Because the disease can take years to develop, it is crucial that healthy propagation material is used at planting. Pa. chlamydospora is a slowgrowing fungus, and positive identification from symptomless grapevine tissue can take up to 4 wks. The possibility of employing molecular techniques for the detection of Pa. chlamydospora in apparently healthy grapevines was investigated. Speciesspecific primers (PCLI and PCL2) based on the regions ITSI and ITS2 were designed for Pa. chlamydospora. These primers were highly sensitive and amplification was achieved from genomic DNA of Pa. chlamydospora from as low as 16 pg. Phaeoacremonium spp., related genera and common fungal taxa from grapevines were tested with these primers, but positive amplification was achieved for Pa. chlamydospora only. The presence of Pa. chlamydospora in symptomless grapevine tissue culture plants was confirmed by PCR within 24 hours. These primers therefore allow rapid and accurate identification of Pa. c~lamydospora. Testing on a larger scale with nursery material should be conducted to determine the feasibility of using these species-specific primers in the grapevine industry.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Petri-terugsterwing van jong wingerde, ook algemeen bekend as "black goo" en Phaeoacremonium-terugsterwing, veroorsaak wêreldwyd groot geldelike verliese in die wingerdbedryf. Spesies van Phaeoacremonium, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora en verwante genera word met hierdie wingerdsiekte geassosieer. In die tesis word In oorsig gegee van die geskiedenis van hierdie siekte, die verwantskap tussen Petriterugsterwing en esca, en moontlike maniere van siektebestuur. Swamme wat by die siektekompleks betrokke is, kan in simptoomlose plantweefsel voorkom en daarom is die moontlikhede van die gebruik van molekulêre tegnieke vir swamidentifikasie in oënskou geneem. In Suid-Afrika is Pa. chlamydospora die dominante swam wat met Petriterugsterwing geassosieerword, gevolglik is verskillende fungisiedes vir die chemiese beheer van Pa. chlamydospora geëvalueer. Ses isolate van Pa. chlamydospora, versamel vanaf verskillende areas in die Wes-Kaap provinsie, is in dié studie gebruik. Benomyl, chlorothalonil, fenarimol, fosetyl-Al, iprodione, kresoxim-methyl, mancozeb, metalaxyl, prochloraz manganese chloride, quintozene, tebuconazole en thiram se effek op miselium inhibisie van Pa. chlamydospora is in vitro geëvalueer. Benomyl, fenarimol, kresoxim-methyl, prochloraz manganese chloride en tebuconazole was die mees effektiewe middels. Die effektiewe konsentrasie waarby 50% van die miselium groei geïnhibeer is (EKso),was tussen 0.01 en 0.05 ug/ml vir die mees effektiewe groep middels. Benomyl, fenarimol, kresoxim-methyl, prochloraz manganese chloride en tebuconazole het in vitro goeie potensiaal getoon, en verder toetse moet in vivo uitgevoer word. 'n Molekulêre studie is van Phaeoacremonium en Phaeomoniella isolate; verkry uit Suid-Afrikaanse wingerde, of vanaf die "Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures" (CBS) van Nederland; gedoen. Deur van die PKR tegniek gebruik te maak, is die basispaaropeenvolgingsdata van 33 isolate, van die ITSl, 5.8S, ITS2 rDNA area en die gedeeltelike B-tubullen geen verkry. Gekombineerde molekulêre data het die teorie ondersteun dat Phaeomoniella (Herpotrichiellaceae) gedistansieerd is van Phaeoacremonium (Magnaporthaceae). Pm. aleophilum en Pm. angustius was morfologies moeilik onderskeibaar, maar kon op grond van molekulêre data en kulturele eienskappe onderskei word. Pm. aleophilum se optimum groeitemperatuur was by 30°C en die swam besit die vermoë om by 35°C te groei. Pm. angus/ius se optimum groeitemperatuur was by 25°C, maar het nie by 35°C gegroei nie. 'n Studie van molekulêre en kulturele eienskappe het getoon dat Pm. angus/ius en Pm. viticola sinoniem is. 'n Nuwe spesie, Pm. mortoniae, wat uit wingerde van Kalifornie geïsoleer is, is beskrywe. Verder is Pm. aleophilum die eerste keer in Suid-Afrikaanse wingerde aangetref en Pm. tnflatipes isolate, wat vanuit wingerde geïsoleer is, is almal met molekulêre data gewys om Pm. aleophilum te wees. Hierdie bevindinge trek die rol van Pm. inflatipes in Petri-terugsterwing van wingerde in twyfel. Phaeomoniella chlamydospora IS m voortplantingsmateriaal en kwekerystokkies opgespoor. Omdat dit jare kan duur voordat siektesimptome ontwikkel, is dit belangrik om vroegtydig te weet of jong stokkies met Pa. chlamydospora geïnfekteer is. Pa. chlamydospora groei baie stadig en positiewe identifikasie van simptoomlose infeksies duur tot vier weke. Die toepassing van molekulêre tegnieke vir die vinnige identifikasie van Pa. chlamydospora in wingerde is dus ondersoek. Spesie-spesifieke oligonukleotiedes (PCU en PCL2) is vir Pa. chlamydospora ontwerp. Hierdie oligonukleotiedes is uiters sensitief en genomiese DNA van Pa. chlamydospora is van so laag as 16 pg geamplifiseer. Phaeoacremonium spp., verwante genera en algemene swamme vanuit wingerdmateriaal is met die oligonukleotiedes getoets, maar positiewe amplifikasie was slegs met Pa. chlamydospora moontlik. Die teenwoordigheid van Pa. chlamydospora is binne 24 uur in asimptomatiese wingerd weefselkultuurplantjies bevestig. Hierdie oligonukleotiedes identifiseer Pa. chlamydospora vinnig en akkuraat en toetsing op 'n groter skaal moet vervolgens met kwekerymateriaal onderneem word.
Tomás, Mir Magdalena. "Physiological mechanisms involved in water use efficiency in grapevines." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/84126.
Full textVan, Niekerk Jan Marthinus. "Characterisation of pathogens associated with trunk diseases of grapevines." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49879.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: In an attempt to combat some of the pathogens that are associated with trunk diseases and disorders of grapevines, research in this thesis focused on the taxonomy and pathological aspects of Coniellai/Pilidiella, Botryosphaeria and Phomopsis spp. Previously, conidial pigmentation was used to separate Pilidiella from Coniella. Recently, however, the two genera have been regarded as synonymous, with the older name, Coniella, having priority. The most important species in the Coniellai/Pilidiella complex of grapevines is C. diplodiella (Speg.) Petr. & Syd., the causal organism of white rot of grapevines. Previous studies found it difficult to distinguish between C. diplodiella and C. fragariae (Oudem.) B. Sutton, which is known to occur in soil and caused leaf diseases of Fragaria and Eucalyptus. Both these species have previously been reported from South Africa. None of the reports on C. diplodiella could be scientifically substantiated; therefore it is still a quarantine organism. However, this status has been questioned. Based on sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS 1, ITS 2), 5.8S gene, large subunit (LSU) and elongation factor 1- α gene (EF l- α) from the type species of Pilidiella and Coniella, Coniella was separated from Pilidiella, with the majority of taxa residing in Pilidiella. Pilidiella is characterised by species with hyaline to pale brown conidia (avg. length: width >1.5), with Coniella having dark brown conidia (avg. length: width ≤1.5). Pilidiella diplodiella, previously C. diplodiella, causal organism of white rot of grapevines, was shown to be an older name for C. petrakii. This fungus is present in South Africa and is therefore no longer of quarantine importance. Based on analyses of the histone (H3) gene sequences of isolates in the P. diplodiella species complex, P. diplodiella was separated from a newly described species, P. diplodiopsis. A new species, P. eucalyptorum, is proposed for isolates formerly treated as C. fragariae, associated with leaf spots of Eucalyptus spp. This species clustered basal to Pilidiella, and may represent yet a third genus within this complex. Pilidiella destruens was newly described as anamorph of Schizoparme destruens, which is associated with twig dieback of Eucalyptus spp. in Hawaii. The genus Botryosphaeria Ces. & De Not. are known to be cosmopolitan, with broad host ranges and geographical distributions. Several saprotrophic species have been reported from grapevines, while others are severe pathogens of this host. These species include B. dothidea (Moug.: Fr.) Ces. & De Not., B. parva Pennycook & Samuels, B. obtusa (Schwein.) Shoemaker, B. stevensii Shoemaker, B. lutea A.J.L. Phillips and B. ribis Grossenb. & Duggar. Species reported from South Africa as grapevine pathogens are B. obtusa, B. dothidea, B. ribis and B. vitis (Schulzer) Sacco. In the present study, morphological, DNA sequence data (ITS 1, 5.8S, ITS 2 and EFI-α) and pathological data were used to distinguish 11 Botryosphaeria spp. associated with grapevines from South Africa and other parts of the world. Botryosphaeria australis, B. lutea, B. obtusa, B. parva, B. rhodina and a Diplodia sp. were confirmed from grapevines in South Africa, while Diplodia porosum, Fusicoccum viticlavatum and F. vitifusiforme were described as new species. Although isolates of B. dothidea and B. stevensii were confirmed from grapevines in Portugal, neither of these species, nor B. ribis, were isolated in this study. All grapevine isolates from Portugal, formerly presumed to be B. rib is, are identified as B. parva based on EF1-α sequence data. Artificial inoculations on grapevine shoots showed that B. australis, B. parva, B. ribis and B. stevensii are more virulent than the other species studied. The Diplodia sp. collected from grapevine canes was identified as morphologically similar, but phylogenetically distinct from D. sarmentorum, while D. sarmentorum was confirmed as anamorph of Otthia spiraeae, the type species of the genus Otthia (Botryosphaeriaceae). A culture identified as O. spiraeae clustered within Botryosphaeria, and is thus regarded as a probable synonym. These findings confirm earlier suggestions that the generic concept of Botryosphaeria should be expanded to include genera with septate ascospores and Diplodia anamorphs. The genus Phomopsis (Sacc.) Bubak contains many species that are plant pathogenic or saprotrophic. Ten species are known from grapevines. However, only two have been confirmed as being pathogenic, namely P. viticola (Sacc.) Sacc., causal organism of Phomopsis cane and leaf spot and P. vitimegaspora Kuo & Leu (teleomorph Diaporthe kyushuensis Kajitani & Kanem.), causal organism of swelling arm disease of grapevines. P. amygdali (Delacr.) 1.1. Tuset & M.T. Portilla, a known pathogen from Prunus sp., was shown to be a possible pathogen of grapevines in a previous study. D. perjuncta Niessl. causes bleaching of dormant canes only and is therefore of little importance as a grapevine pathogen. Recently a number of Phomopsis isolates were obtained from grapevines in the Western Cape province of South Africa. Isolations were made from Phomopsis-like symptoms, pruning wounds and asymptomatic nursery plants. These isolates showed great variation in morphology and cultural characteristics. Earlier taxonomic treatments of Phomopsis, based species identification on host specificity, cultural characteristics and morphology. Recent studies have indicated that these characteristics can no longer be used to distinguish species of Phomopsis due to wide host ranges and morphological plasticity of some species. The use of anamorph/teleomorph relationships in species identification is also untenable, since Diaporthe teleomorphs have only been described for approximately 20% of the known Phomopsis species. In this study morphological data, DNA sequences (ITS-I, 5.8S, ITS-2) and pathogenicity data were combined to distinguish Phomopsis spp. from grapevines. Fifteen species of Phomopsis were delineated by phylogenetic analysis of ITS sequence data. Diaporthe helianthi, a sunflower pathogen, was reported from grapevines for the first time, with a further six, unknown species also distinguished. Three different clades contained isolates previously identified as D. perjuncta. Based on type studies, it appeared that the name D. viticola was available for collections from Portugal and Germany, a new species, D. australafricana, was proposed for South African and Australian isolates, formerly treated as D. perjuncta or D. viticola. An epitype specimen and culture were designated for D. perjuncta. This species was distinguished from D. viticola and D. australafricana based on morphology and DNA phylogeny. Artificial inoculations of green grapevine shoots indicated that, of the species tested, P. amygdali, a known pathogen of peaches in the USA, and P. viticola were the most virulent.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In 'n poging om sommige patogene geassosieer met stamsiektes en syndrome, te beveg, het die navorsing in die tesis gefokus op die taksonomie en patologiese aspekte van ConiellaiPilidiella, Botryosphaeria en Phomopsis spp Voorheen is konidium pigmentasie gebruik om Pilidiella (hialien tot ligbruin konidia) van Coniella (donkerbruin konidia) te skei. Onlangs is hierdie twee genera egter as sinoniem beskou met die ouer naam, Coniella, wat voorkeur gekry het. Die belangrikste spesies in die ConiellaiPilidiella kompleks van wingerd is C. diplodiella (Speg.) Petr. & Syd., die veroorsakende organisme van witvrot van wingerd. Vorige studies het dit moeilik gevind om te onderskei tussen C. diplodiella en C. fragariae (Oudem.) B. Sutton, wat bekend is dat dit in grond voorkom en ook blaarsiektes van Fragaria en Eucalyptus veroorsaak. Beide hierdie spesies is tevore in Suid-Afrika aangemeld. Geen van die aanmeldings van C. diplodiella is egter wetenskaplik bewys nie en daarom is dit steeds 'n kwarantyn organisme. Hierdie kwarantyn status is egter bevraagteken. Op grond van DNS volgordes van die interne getranskribeerde spasieerder area ("ITS 1", "ITS2"), die 5.8S rRNS geen, die groot ribosomale subeenheid ("LSU") en die verlengingsfaktor 1-α geen ("EF-lα") van die tipe spesies van Pilidiella en Coniella, is Coniella van Pilidiella geskei, met die meerderheid van die taxa wat binne Pilidiella resorteer. Pilidiella word gekarakteriseer deur spesies met hialien tot ligbruin konidia (gem. lengte: breedte > 1.5), in teenstelling met die donkerbruin konidia van Coniella (gem. lengte: breedte ≤ 1.5). Daar is verder bewys dat Pilidiella diplodiella, voorheen C. diplodiella, veroorsakende organisme van witvrot van wingerd, die ouer naam van C. petrakii is. Hierdie swam is teenwoordig in Suid-Afrika en P. diplodiella is dus nie meer van kwarantyn belang nie. Op grond van analises van die histoon (H3) volgordes van spesies in die P. diplodiella spesies kompleks, is P. diplodiella geskei van 'n nuut beskryfde spesie, P. diplodiopsis. 'n Nuwe spesie, P. eucalyptorum, is ook voorgestel vir isolate voorheen beskou as C. fragariae, geassosieer met blaarvlek van Eucalyptus spp. Hierdie spesie het basaal van Pilidiella gegroepeer en mag moontlik nog 'n derde genus binne hierdie kompleks verteenwoordig. Pilidiella destruens is nuut as anamorf van Schizoparme destruens beskryf, wat geassosieer word met loot terugsterwing van Eucalyptus spp. in Hawaii. Die genus Botryosphaeria Ces. & De Not. is bekend as kosmopolitaans met 'n wye gasheerreeks en geografiese verspreiding. Verskeie saprofitiese spesies is aangemeld vanaf wingerd, terwyl ander ernstige patogene van hierdie gasheer is. Laasgenoemde spesies sluit in B. dothidea (Moug.: Fr.) Ces. & De Not., B. parva Pennycook & Samuels, B. obtusa (Schwein.) Shoemaker, B. stevensii Shoemaker, B. lutea A.1.L. Phillips en B. ribis Grossenb. & Duggar. Spesies aangemeld in Suid-Afrika as wingerdpatogene, is B. obtusa, B. dothidea, B. ribis en B. vitis (Schulzer) Sacco In hierdie studie is morfologiese, DNS volgorde data ("ITSl", "ITS2", 5.8S en "EF-Iα") en plantpatologiese data gebruik om II Botryosphaeria spesies, geassosieer met wingerde in Suid-Afrika en verskeie ander werelddele, te onderskei. Botryosphaeria australis, B. lutea, B. obtusa, B. parva, B. rhodina en 'n Diplodia sp. is bevestig van wingerde in Suid-Afrika, terwyl Diplodia porosum, Fusicoccum viticlavatum en F. vitifusiforme as nuwe spesies beskryf is. AIhoewel isolate van B. dothidea en B. stevensii bevestig is van wingerde in Portugal, is geen van hierdie spesies en ook nie B. ribis geïsoleer nie. AIle isolate vanaf wingerd in Portugal, voorheen beskou as B. rib is, is as B. parva op grond van hul "EF-lα" volgordes geïdentifiseer. Uit kunsmatige isolasies gemaak op wingerdlote is die gevolgtrekking gemaak dat B. australis, B. parva, B. ribis en B. stevensii meer virulent is as die ander spesies wat bestudeer is. Die Diplodia sp. versamel vanaf wingerdlote is geïdentifiseer as morfologies eenders, maar filogeneties verskillend van D. sarmentorum, terwyl D. sarmentorum bevestig is as die anamorf van Otthia spiraeae, die tipe spesie van die genus Otthia (Botryosphaeriaceae). 'n Kultuur wat as 0. spiraeae geïdentifiseer is, het binne Botryosphaeria gegroepeer, en word dus as 'n moontlike sinoniem beskou. Hierdie bevindinge bevestig vroeëre voorstelle dat die generiese konsep van Botryosphaeria uitgebrei behoort te word om genera met gesepteerde askospore en Diplodia anamorwe in te sluit. Die genus Phomopsis (Sacc.) Bubak bevat verskeie spesies wat as of plantpatogenies, of saprofities, beskryf is. Tien spesies is bekend op wingerd. Slegs twee is as patogenies bevestig, naamlik P. viticola (Sacc.) Sacc., veroorsakende organisme van loot-en-blaarvlek ("streepvlek") en P. vitimegaspora Kuo & Leu (teleomorf Diaporthe kyushuensis Kajitani & Kanem.), veroorsakende organisme van geswelde arm van wingerd. In 'n vroeëre studie is bevind dat P. amygdali (Delacr.) 1.1. Tuset & M.T. Portilla, 'n bekende patogeen van Prunus sp., moontlik ook 'n patogeen van wingerd mag wees. D. perjuncta Niessl. veroorsaak egter net verbleiking van dormante lote en is dus van min belang as 'n wingerd patogeen. Gedurende die afgelope twee jaar is verskeie Phomopsis isolate van wingerde in die Wes-Kaap provinsie van Suid-Afrika verkry. Isolasies is gemaak van Phomopsis-agtige simptome, snoeiwonde en asimptomatiese kwekeryplante. Die isolate verkry uit hierdie materiaal het groot variasie ten opsigte van morfologie en kultuureienskappe getoon. Vroeëre taksonomiese verhandelings van Phomopsis het spesies-identifikasie op gasheerspesifisiteit, kultuureienskappe en morfologie gebasseer. Onlangse studies het egter getoon dat, weens wye gasheerreekse en morfologiese plastisiteit van somnuge spesies, hierdie eienskappe me meer gebruik kan word om Phomopsis spesies te identifiseer nie. Die gebruik van anamorflteleomorf verwantskappe in die identifikasie van Phomopsis spesies ook onbruikbaar omdat Diaporthe teleomorwe vir slegs ongeveer 20% van die bekende Phomopsis spesies beskryf is. Die huidige studie het dus morfologiese data, DNS volgordes ("ITS 1", 5.8S, "ITS2") en patogenisiteitsdata gekombineer ten einde Phomopsis spp. vanaf wingerd te identifiseer. Vyftien Phomopsis spesies is deur die filogenetiese analise van die interne getranskribeerde spasieerder area ("ITS") volgordes geskei. Diaporthe helianthi, 'n bekende patogeen van sonneblomme, is vir die eerste maal op wingerd aangeteken, terwyl 'n verdere ses, tans onbekende spesies van Phomopsis ook geidentifiseer is. Drie verskillende groepe het isolate bevat wat voorheen as D. perjuncta geidentifiseer is. Gebasseer op studies van tipes, het dit voorgekom dat die naam D. viticola beskikbaar is vir isolate uit Portugal en Duitsland. 'n Nuwe spesie, D. australafricana, is voorgestel vir Suid-Afrikaanse en Australiese isolate wat voorheen behandel is as D. perjuncta of D. viticola. 'n Epitipe monster en kultuur is vir D. perjuncta benoem. Hierdie spesie is van D. viticola en D. australafricana onderskei op grond van morfologie en DNS filogenie. Kunsmatige inokulasies van groen wingerdlote het getoon dat P. amygdali, bekende perske patogeen, en P. viticola die mees virulent was.
Wang, Hongrui. "Developing Novel Methods to Mitigate Freezing Injury in Grapevines." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1564743163557437.
Full textLardner, Richard. "Early diagnosis and detection of Eutypa dieback of grapevines." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37969.
Full textThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture and Wine, 2003.
Books on the topic "Grapevines"
May, Peter. Flowering and fruitset in grapevines. Adelaide: Phylloxera and Grape Industry Board of South Australia in association with Lythrum Press, 2004.
Find full textSzabo, Petra V. Grapevines: Varieties, cultivation and management. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2012.
Find full textKeller, Markus. The science of grapevines: Anatomy and physiology. Burlington, MA: Academic Press, 2010.
Find full textStrik, Bernadine C. Assessment of winter injury of grapevines in Oregon, 1991. [Corvallis, Or.]: Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University, 1992.
Find full textP, Martelli G., International Council for the Study of Viruses and Virus Diseases of the Grapevine., and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations., eds. Graft-transmissible diseases of grapevines: Handbook for detection and diagnosis. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1993.
Find full textH, Rühl E., Schmid J, and International Society for Horticultural Science., eds. First ISHS Workshop on Water Relations of Grapevines, Stuttgart, Germany, 11-13 May 1998. [Leuven, Belgium]: ISHS, 1999.
Find full textRappa, Michael A. Bandwagons, bootlegging and grapevines: Structural and behavioral dynamics in the formation of R&D communities : a research agenda. Cambridge, Mass: Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990.
Find full textViney, Peter. Grapevine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Find full textBalter, Dave. Grapevine. New York: Penguin Group USA, Inc., 2008.
Find full textViney, Peter. Grapevine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Grapevines"
Humphrey, Brian E. "Vitis (Vitaceae) – Vines, Grapevines." In The Bench Grafter’s Handbook, 511–16. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315171463-56.
Full textAskary, Tarique Hassan, Aroosa Khalil, Nowsheen Nazir, Akhtar Ali Khan, and Shafat Ahmad Banday. "Nematode Parasites of Grapevines." In Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 31, 389–423. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94232-2_7.
Full textDermastia, Marina. "Interactions Between Grapevines and Grapevine Yellows Phytoplasmas BN and FD." In SpringerBriefs in Agriculture, 47–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50648-7_3.
Full textPossingham, J. V. "New Concepts in Pruning Grapevines." In Horticultural Reviews, 235–54. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470650561.ch7.
Full textJones, Gregory V. "Grapevines in a changing environment." In Grapevine in a Changing Environment, 1–17. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118735985.ch1.
Full textMedrano, Hipólito, J. Flexas, M. Ribas-Carbó, and J. Gulías. "Measuring Water Use Efficiency in Grapevines." In Methodologies and Results in Grapevine Research, 123–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9283-0_9.
Full textTramontini, Sara, and Claudio Lovisolo. "Embolism formation and removal in grapevines." In Grapevine in a Changing Environment, 135–47. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118735985.ch6.
Full textRoderick, Martin. "Transfer markets and informal grapevines 1." In The Work of Professional Football, 100–112. London: Routledge, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203014950-7.
Full textTreeby, M. T., and D. M. Wheatley. "Nitrogen dynamics in irrigated grapevines (Vitis vinifera)." In Plant Nutrition, 808–9. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47624-x_393.
Full textHolzapfel, Bruno P., Jason P. Smith, Stewart K. Field, and W. James Hardie. "Dynamics of Carbohydrate Reserves in Cultivated Grapevines." In Horticultural Reviews, Volume 37, 143–211. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470543672.ch3.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Grapevines"
Vincent, Charles. "Electropenetrography of leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) feeding on cultivated grapevines." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.107956.
Full textSozzi, Marco, Alessandro Zanchin, Giovanni Ferrari, Alessia Cogato, Luigi Sartori, and Francesco Marinello. "Geostatistical analysis of downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) symptoms on grapevines." In 2022 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Agriculture and Forestry (MetroAgriFor). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metroagrifor55389.2022.9965133.
Full textZhao, Yong, Qin Zhang, Minzan Li, Yongni Shao, Jianfeng Zhou, and Hong Sun. "A multimodal image sensor system for identifying water stress in grapevines." In SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing, edited by Allen M. Larar, Hyo-Sang Chung, Makoto Suzuki, and Jian-yu Wang. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.977419.
Full textSavchuk, N. V., E. G. Yurchenko, S. V. Vinogradova, and E. V. Porotikova. "Causative agents of Fusarium wilt of the reproductive organs of grapes. Ways of infection." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-45.
Full textSaguez, Julien. "Tritrophic interactions between leafhoppers, grapevines, and phytoplasmas in Canadian vineyards: An overview." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.91985.
Full textAmogi, Basavaraj R., Abhilash K. Chandel, Lav R. Khot, and Pete W. Jacoby. "A mobile thermal-RGB imaging tool for mapping crop water stress of grapevines." In 2020 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Agriculture and Forestry (MetroAgriFor). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metroagrifor50201.2020.9277545.
Full textRADUCU, Daniela. "CALCIUM OXALATE CRYSTALS IN THE ROOTS OF MERLOT/KOBER 5BB GRAPEVINES FROM MURFATLAR VINEYARD." In 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/32/s13.008.
Full textTolomelli, Giacomo, Gajanan S. Kothawade, Abhilash K. Chandel, Luigi Manfrini, Pete Jacoby, and Lav R. Khot. "Aerial-RGB imagery based 3D canopy reconstruction and mapping of grapevines for precision management." In 2022 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Agriculture and Forestry (MetroAgriFor). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metroagrifor55389.2022.9965062.
Full textRashidov, N. J. "Creation of industrial technology aiming to produce high-productive vineyards." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-43.
Full textMcCulloch, Joshua, and Richard Green. "Detecting wires in the canopy of grapevines using neural networks: A robust and heuristic free approach." In 2013 28th International Conference of Image and Vision Computing New Zealand (IVCNZ). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivcnz.2013.6727039.
Full textReports on the topic "Grapevines"
Davis, Robert E., Edna Tanne, James P. Prince, and Meir Klein. Yellow Disease of Grapevines: Impact, Pathogen Molecular Detection and Identification, Epidemiology, and Potential for Control. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568792.bard.
Full textGoldsmith, Lee H. T., Gail R. Nonnecke, Paul A. Domoto, and Rajeev Arora. Freezing Tolerance in Frontenac and Seyval blanc Grapevines. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-154.
Full textPerl, Avichai, Bruce I. Reisch, and Ofra Lotan. Transgenic Endochitinase Producing Grapevine for the Improvement of Resistance to Powdery Mildew (Uncinula necator). United States Department of Agriculture, January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568766.bard.
Full textMcCabe, Kenneth, Diana Cochran, and Gail Nonnecke. Cluster Removal on La Crescent and Leaf Removal on Marquette Grapevines. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1596.
Full textGafny, Ron, A. L. N. Rao, and Edna Tanne. Etiology of the Rugose Wood Disease of Grapevine and Molecular Study of the Associated Trichoviruses. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575269.bard.
Full textMawassi, Munir, Adib Rowhani, Deborah A. Golino, Avichai Perl, and Edna Tanne. Rugose Wood Disease of Grapevine, Etiology and Virus Resistance in Transgenic Vines. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586477.bard.
Full textGonsalves, Dennis, and Edna Tanne. Isolation and Characterization of Closterovirus-Like Particles Associated with Leaf Roll Diseased Grapevines from Different Geographic Regions. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1986.7566865.bard.
Full textReisch, Bruce, Avichai Perl, Julie Kikkert, Ruth Ben-Arie, and Rachel Gollop. Use of Anti-Fungal Gene Synergisms for Improved Foliar and Fruit Disease Tolerance in Transgenic Grapes. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7575292.bard.
Full textDogan, Adnan, Cuneyt Uyak, Nurhan Keskin, Anil Akcay, Ruhan Ilknur, Gazioglu Sensoy, and Sezai Ercisli. Grapevine Leaf Area Measurements by Using Pixel Values. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2018.06.07.
Full textMawassi, Munir, and Valerian Dolja. Role of RNA Silencing Suppression in the Pathogenicity and Host Specificity of the Grapevine Virus A. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592114.bard.
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