Journal articles on the topic 'Granite soils'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Granite soils.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Granite soils.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Owonubi, Ayodele. "Assessment of Chemical Properties of Soils Derived from Basement Complex Rocks of the Jos Plateau." UMYU Scientifica 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.56919/usci.1222.007.
Full textAbstract:
Information on the chemical characteristics of soils is required in the sustainable the management of soil fertility and productivity. The objective of this study was to determine chemical characteristics of basement complex derived soils of the Jos Plateau. Soil study followed the approach in the Soil Survey manual and began by identification of three geologic units: granite gneiss, biotite granite and migmatite. Furthermore, eighteen soil profile pits were dug in each geologic units and eighty-four samples were taken from genetic horizons. Standard laboratory procedures were used to analyze soil samples for pH, organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus. Results showed that organic matter contents in the soils were generally low and seemed to influence the distribution of nitrogen in the soils. Consequently, contents of total nitrogen were low. Mean contents of pH in the A horizon were 5.15, 4.64 and 5.58 respectively for soils derived from granite gneiss, biotite granite and migmatite. Low pH levels are linked to the basic cations draining out of the profile and the acidic character of the basement complex rocks from which the soils were formed. Soil reaction in most cases indicated that soils had a net negative charge. Available P contents in the magmatic soils was significantly higher than those of other geologic units. Effects of granite gneiss, biotite granite and migmatite parent materials on variation in soil chemical properties were more noticeable for soil reaction and available P contents.
2
Eltwati, Ahmed, Alaa Elkaseh, Fares Tarhuni, and Saleh Ahmeed Buagela. "POTENTIAL OF GRANITE DUST TO IMPROVE THE ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SOFT SOILS FOR ROAD CONSTRUCTION." Science Proceedings Series 2, no. 1 (April 25, 2020): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/sps.v2i1.1254.
Full textAbstract:
Soft soils such as clay soils, mostly if they comprise swelling minerals may produce great damage to structures, particularly when these soils are exposed to wetting and drying situations. The geotechnical properties of soft soils could be enhanced by utilizing chemical additives. In this paper, granite waste dust was used to adjust the properties of clay soils. This paper investigates the effect of granite rock dust on the geotechnical properties of soft soil. The particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, compaction, California bearing ratio (CBR) and direct shear strength characteristics of the soil when blended with various percentages of granite dust were evaluated. The findings show a great increase in the maximum dry density, optimum water content, direct shear strength and CBR with increasing the amount of granite dust. The best results obtained for CBR values were when the soils mixed with 8% granite dust. Although these findings indicate great improvement in the geotechnical parameters of clayey soils, the higher strength established is not enough for the enhanced soil to be utilized as a base material in the construction of heavily-trafficked flexible pavements. However, this modified material can be used as a base material for moderate traffic roads and as a sub-base material for high traffic roads.
3
Orewere, Emmamoge, and Ayodele Owonubi. "Assessment of Micronutrient Status in Soils Derived from Three Parent Materials on the Jos Plateau, Nigeria." UMYU Scientifica 1, no. 1 (September 30, 2022): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.56919/usci.1122.012.
Full textAbstract:
Parent materials play significant roles in determining the resultant characteristics of various soils. However, not much information is available on their micronutrient status of soil of the Jos Plateau. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess plant available Cu, Zn, Mn and B in soils derived from migmatite, granite gneiss and biotite granite parent materials on the Jos Plateau. Seven profile pits were dug in each geologic unit and soil samples obtained using guidelines in the soil survey manual. Available Cu, Zn, and Mn in soil samples were determined using the 0.1 M HCl extraction method and data collected was subjected to one-way analysis of variance. The results indicated that there were significantly higher contents of available Cu in the A horizon for soil derived from migmatite than in those over biotite granite or granite gneiss. Mean available Cu contents in the A horizon were 1.61 (± 0.35), 1.7125 (± 0.96), and 3.33 mg/kg (± 0.16) for granite gneiss, biotite granite and migmatite respectively; whereas for the B horizon mean contents were 2.06 (± 0.40), 2.98 (± 1.31), and 4.13 mg/kg (± 1.93) for granite gneiss, biotite granite and migmatite respectively. Generally, there were no significant differences in distribution of Mn, Zn and B among the geologic units. Implying that soils derived from migmatite, granite gneiss and biotite granite seems to behave similarly in contents of available Cu, Mn, Zn and B. Also, soil particle size had a significant moderate relationship with Cu and may influence its distribution in these soils.
4
Owonubi, Ayodele. "Pedogenic Forms of Iron in Soils Developed from Four Parent Materials." JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS 25, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2020.v25i1.47-52.
Full textAbstract:
Information on the distribution of various forms of iron in soils are valuable in the study of soil genesis. The objective of this study was to to evaluate the pedogenic forms of iron in soils developed over basement complex and basaltic parent materials of the study area. Geologic units considered in the basement complex area were granite gneiss, biotite granite and migmatite. Stratified random sampling formed the basis for field work. Soil sampling was carried out by digging at least two soil profile pits in each geologic unit. Organically bound, amourphous and total iron oxides were estimated using 0.1 M sodium pyrophosphate, acidified (pH 3) ammonium oxalate, and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate method, respectively. The total Fe in the soil samples were determined after a mixed acid digestion. In general, total iron fractions were statistically similar among the soils of basement complex geologic units but significantly lower than those of soils derived from basaltic rocks. However, the distribution of iron oxide fractions was similar among the basement and basaltic geologic units. Furthermore, there were significant differences in the distribution of iron oxides in the B horizons of basement complex derived soils. Consequently, the quantity of iron oxides in the B horizon was in the order migmatite > biotite granite > granite gneiss. About 70% of total iron oxides in the soils over granite gneiss, biotite granite and basaltic rocks was amorphous in nature. Furthermore, total iron oxides constitute less than 20% of total clay both in the basement complex and basaltic soils.
5
Amulya, Gudla, Arif Ali Baig Moghal, and Abdullah Almajed. "A State-of-the-Art Review on Suitability of Granite Dust as a Sustainable Additive for Geotechnical Applications." Crystals 11, no. 12 (December 7, 2021): 1526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11121526.
Full textAbstract:
The increase in infrastructure requirement drives people to use all types of soils, including poor soils. These poor soils, which are weak at construction, must be improved using different techniques. The extinction of natural resources and the increase in cost of available materials require us to think of alternate resources. The usage of industry by-products and related methods for improving the properties of different soils has been studied for several years. Granite dust is an industrial by-product originating from the primary crushing of aggregates. The production of huge quantities of granite dust in the industry causes severe problems from the handling to the disposal stage. Accordingly, in the civil engineering field, the massive utilization of granite dust has been proposed for various applications to resolve these issues. In this context, the present review provides precise and valuable content on granite dust characterization, its effect as a stabilizer on the behavior of different soils, and its interaction mechanisms. The efficacy of the granite dust in replacing sand in concrete is explored followed by its ability to improve the geotechnical characteristics of clays of varying plasticity are explored. The review is even extended to study the effect of binary stabilization on clays with granite dust in the presence of calcium-based binders. The practical limitations encountered and its efficiency over other stabilizers are also assessed. This review is further extended to analyze the effect of the granite dust dosage for various field applications.
6
Lavanya, Damaraju Lakshmi, Poorna Hanumanth Rao, B. Aishwarya, and G. Priyanka. "A Study on Behaviour of Clayey and Silty Soils with Granite Dust." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1280, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1280/1/012039.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A massive amount of granite dust is produced as a byproduct of processing granite rock. Disposing of granite dust is a fatal to human health and is a environmental toxic for land disposal. An attempt was made to use such a material in construction, decrease the disposing problems. Soil, an important material bearing the load of the resisting structure can be available in various layers beneath the earth. Clayey soil and mixture of silt in soil layers exhibits inadequate load bearing ability and shows significant changes in volume with respect to changes in moisture levels. Stabilization of soil is the process that improves the behavior of soil properties. The study investigates the percentage of granite dust that can be a best stabilizer to silty and clayey soil. A series of laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the effects of granite dust. Artificial soil sample were prepared with 0%, 12%, 16%, 20%and 24% with additive as granite dust on silty and clayey soils. Chemical composition of the granite dust was studied for the application of granite dust as a stabilizer. Comprehensive soil tests like liquid limit, plastic limit, Maximum dry density, swell index, shear strength, CBR were performed. A significant decrease was observed in liquid and plastic limit varying with granite dust for both the soils. The dry density increases with an increase in % of granite dust. Swell index shows a decrease rate with increase in granite dust. The shear strength and CBR values gave appropriate increase conclude that granite dust can acts good soil stabilizer for clayey and silty soils.
7
Timofeeva, Yulya, and Elena Sukhacheva. "Mining production as a factor of transformation of soils and soil cover." E3S Web of Conferences 265 (2021): 03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126503011.
Full textAbstract:
The article describes the component composition of the soil cover in the areas of mining granite material near Kuznechnoe, Leningrad region. Nonsoils formations take about 50 per cent of the study area. There are natural and varying degrees disturbed soils in this area around excavations of the quarry. Soils with Novic qualifiers are formed along the access roads to the quarry. There are stratified natural soils are diagnosed around the quarry in the direction of the rose diagram. Lithic Leptosol are formed at the crushed granite storage site. The degree of transformation of the component composition of the soil cover depends on anthropogenic activity in the territory adjacent to granite quarry has been defined. The article outlines the characteristics of the altered structure of the soil cover.
8
Owonubi, Ayodele. "Evaluation of Physical Characteristics of Soils Derived from Basement Complex Rocks of the Jos Plateau." UMYU Scientifica 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.56919/usci.1222.005.
Full textAbstract:
The physical characteristics of soils to a large extent influences soil productivity. The objective of this study therefore is to evaluate the physical characteristics of soils derived from basement complex rocks of the Jos Plateau. According to the methodology outlined in the Soil Survey manual, the stratification of the study region into three geologic units—granite gneiss, biotite granite, and migmatite—was the first step in the soil research process. Additionally, soil samples were collected from genetic strata and soil profile pits were dug in each of these geologic units. Following standard procedure soils were analyzed for color, particles size distribution, structure, and bulk density. Results indicated that physical soil characteristics over the geologic units studied were in most cases similar. However significant differences were observed in particle size distribution in the A-horizons. Clay content in the A horizon of these soils generally ranged from a minimum of 8% to a maximum of 28%. Clay content in the A-horizons of the magmatic soils were significantly higher (P<0.05) than soils over granite gneiss but statistically similar (P>0.05) to those of biotite granite. Particle size distribution data indicate that the soils have undergone intensive weathering. Soil structures were on the average moderately developed in the soils studied with angular and sub-angular blocky structures. Although there was evidence of soil compaction to suggest plant root development could be affected or inhibited in these soils. .
9
Filimonova, Elena, Natalia Lukina, Margarita Glazyrina, Galina Borisova, Tripti, Adarsh Kumar, and Maria Maleva. "A comparative study of Epipactis atrorubens in two different forest communities of the Middle Urals, Russia." Journal of Forestry Research 31, no. 6 (July 9, 2019): 2111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-01010-y.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The objective of this study was to compare eco-physiological and morphological parameters of a regionally endangered orchid species, Epipactis atrorubens (Hoffm. ex Bernh.) Bess., growing in two forest communities (on serpentine and granite outcrops) of the Middle Urals, Russia. Biodiversity, dominance, and phytocoenosis studies showed the colonization of a wide range of plant species on both sites. The physicochemical properties of the soil, chemical composition and morphological features of E. atrorubens, growing under technogenic conditions (asbestos deposits), on serpentine outcrops and in the natural environment of the granite massif were studied for the first time. The serpentine substrate differed from the granite one by its greater stoniness, circumneutral pH and lower contents of available nitrogen and phosphorus. Extremely high concentrations of magnesium were found in the serpentine soil, some 79 times higher than in the granite substrate. High concentrations of nickel (94 times), chromium (59 times), cobalt (17 times), and iron (4 times) were found in the serpentine substrate, higher than in the granite substrate. The differences between the sites for available metal contents and for root and shoot metal contents were significantly less. Concentrations of most of the metals in the roots were higher than in the shoots. Despite higher metal concentrations and lower nitrogen and phosphorus levels in serpentine soils, E. atrorubens had a larger population and greater viability compared to those growing on granite. Plants on serpentine outcrops were characterized by the formation of a larger number of fruits, greater root lengths and thicker leaf blades, compared to plants on granites. The well-developed orchid mycorrhizae contributed to the survival of this species under unfavorable serpentine conditions. Hence, serpentine outcrops formed due to the mining of asbestos could be a suitable substrate for the light-demanding E. atrorubens due to its capacity to adapt to dry, rocky, nutrient-depleted soils and limited competition from other plants.
10
Asante, Samuel Yaw, Nanine Fouché, and Augustine Lawer. "The collapsible nature of reworked residual granites in the Stellenbosch Municipality, South Africa." Journal of the Ghana Institution of Engineering (JGhIE) 24, no. 1 (February 28, 2024): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.56049/jghie.v24i1.36.
Full textAbstract:
In South Africa, residual granite is associated with the collapse phenomenon, a geotechnical hazard that was first identified in the 1950s. Residual granite is a product of chemical weathering (in-situ decomposition) or physical weathering of the parent rock (granite) whilst reworked residual granites is defined as residual granite reworked in-situ by termites. Residual granite usually consists of bulky-sized quartz particles, with silts, and bridged by colloidal matter. Extreme leaching of the colloidal matter creates a structure like a honeycomb. It, however, leaves voids within the structure, which affects the mechanical behaviour of the soil. The soil collapses upon wetting under additional loading. Construction on soils with a collapsible fabric has led to many documented problems. This paper, therefore, reports on the examination of mineral composition and particle shape examination and its effect on behavioural changes of potentially collapsible soil. The soil used for this study includes reworked residual granite obtained from the Stellenbosch area in the Western Cape of South Africa. A multi-element analysis and morphological studies were performed on mounts using the ZEISS EVO MA15 scanning electron microscope at the Centre for Analytical Facility at Stellenbosch University. Shape analysis confirmed that the severity of collapse increased with increasing angularity. In addition, the type and amount of clay present at particle contacts influenced the swell and collapse behaviour of reworked residual granite.
11
Martin Polo, J. L., C. J. Valle Gutierrez, A. Blanco de Pablos, and M. E. Sánchez Rodríguez. "Forages resources in "dehesa" systems: fertilization, tillage, and forage sowing. 2. Productivity and use of rain water." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2003011-7.
Full textAbstract:
In two «dehesa» grasslands with different soils, one over slate and the other over granite, studies were carried out toinvestigate the influence that phosphoric fertilization, surface tillage of pastures and oat sowing have on the primaryproduction and its nutritive value, on the index of utilization of raining water, and on the evolution of oat stubble withtime. Additionally, economic studies of the previous results have been carried out. Phosphoric fertilization and superficialtilling of pastures did not have a relevant influence on the primary production. Additionally, in the successive regrowthover oat stubble there was no response to phosphoric fertilization. The production increments with respect tocontrols are related to the preparatory tillage for sowing the oats, and the changes that the vegetation experimented.This effect decreased with time. The dry matter production in the oat treatments was higher than in the pastures, bothin slate and granite soils. In dehesa systems the use of raining water for the production of 1 kg dry matter ha-1 was verylow, and, on the average, 0.278 and 0.588 l m-2 were needed in pastures, but this amount decreased significantly in theoats: 0.059 and 0.110 l m-2 in slates and granites, respectively; with better use of the water in the more fertile soils. Theeconomic response to the oat sowing was about 252 and of 160 euros ha-1 year-1 in slates and granites, but there was noeconomic response to the fertilization and superficial tilling of pastures during the period of the experiment.
12
Lim, Hwan-Hui, Seung-Rae Lee, Enok Cheon, and Yeeun Nam. "Soil Water Content Regression Analysis of Measurement Data from Hyperspectral Camera in Weathered Granite Soils." E3S Web of Conferences 415 (2023): 03017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341503017.
Full textAbstract:
Soil water content is one of the most common physical parameters that cause landslides or debris flow. Therefore, it is of very importance to determine or predict the water content quickly and non-destructively. This study investigates the hyperspectral information in the visible near-infrared regions (VNIR) of different samples of granite soils possessing varying water content. Totally 162 granite samples were taken from each mountain area. The samples with different water contents were examined using a hyperspectral radiometer operating in the 400~1000nm range by obtaining the spectral curves. It was found that the variation of VNIR is consistent with the water content variation of weathered granite soils, and the hyperspectral camera was able to detect it. A Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) analysis was applied to develop a calibration-model. The PLSR model resulted in a good correlation between the water content and VNIR profile. The results demonstrate that the hyperspectral camera combined with the PLSR model can be a useful and non-destructive tool for determining soil water contents in the weathered granite soils.
13
Lee, Sangbeen, Jae-Eun Ryou, and Jongwon Jung. "Soil Water Characteristic Curve Analysis of Weathered Granite Soils with Various Fine Content." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 22, no. 6 (December 31, 2022): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2022.22.6.247.
Full textAbstract:
Determining the parameters related to unsaturated soil properties considering capillary and adsorption phenomena is challenging. In addition, the matric suction generated in unsaturated soil increases the stability of the slope; however, the decrease in matric suction owing to heavy rain causes a decrease in slope stability. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the parameters of unsaturated soil accurately. In this study, the engineering characteristics in the unsaturated state were analyzed using weathered granite soil, which is typically distributed in mountainous areas in Korea. Four samples were prepared in which the compositions of the fine contents of weathered granite soil were 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%, and a soil characteristic curve test was performed on the samples. In the coefficient prediction method, the widely applied van Genuchten model was used to analyze the air entry value and parameter values according to the fine content of weathered granite soil in the range of the drying process. As a result, a correlation between the fine content in the weathered granite soil and the air entrainment value and parameter values was identified.
14
Gan, Julian K.-M., and D. G. Fredlund. "Shear strength characteristics of two saprolitic soils." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 33, no. 4 (August 20, 1996): 595–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t96-085-307.
Full textAbstract:
The saturated and unsaturated shear strength behavior of an undisturbed, completely decomposed fine ash tuff and an undisturbed, completely decomposed granite from Hong Kong were studied using direct shear and triaxial tests. The completely decomposed fine ash tuff is a fine- to medium-grained saprolite. The completely decomposed granite is a coarse-grained saprolite. Results show that matric suction increases the shear strength of both soils. The extent of the increase is the shear strength with matric suction is related to the soil-water characteristic curve for the soil and to the amount of dilation during shear. The effect of matric suction on the shear strength was more pronounced for the fine- to medium-grained completely decomposed fine ash tuff than for the coarse-grained completely decomposed granite. These studies on the saprolitic soils provide insight into the understanding of the shear strength of unsaturated, coarse-grained soils. Key words: saprolites, shear strength, matric suction, triaxial, direct shear, coarse-grained soils.
15
G.V, SUBBAIAH, and MANICKAM T.S. "STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CERTAIN VERTISOLS IN RELATION TO PARENT MATERIAL." Madras Agricultural Journal 74, june July (1987): 306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a02183.
Full textAbstract:
The parent material and the relative abundance of the coarse and fine textural frac-- tions are the prime causes for the variation in the chemical composition of the Vertisols. The soils of granite origin recorded the highest Si0, content and those developed from base rich granite-gneiss and kimberlite recorded the least values followed by the soils of shales origin. The Sio, content decreased with the depth. The Al,0, content increased with increase in olay content and showed an oppsite trend of distribution to that of Si0, The Fe,O, content greatly varied among the pedons but showed more uniformity within the horizons of each pedon. The CaO, MgO, K,O and Na,O contents were found to be least in soils developed from granite while the soils derived from other parent materials were fairly rich in these bases. All these bases had shown an increasing trend with the depth except the K,0. The soils developed from lime stone and kimberlite were poor in P,0, content.
16
Zhang, Shu, Yong Zhang, Gang Huang, Bo Zhang, Yichan Li, Xin Chen, Junkang Xu, and Yujie Wei. "Linkage between Granite Weathering and Gully Erosion in Subtropical Region." Water 16, no. 5 (March 1, 2024): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16050751.
Full textAbstract:
Granites, widely distributed in the Earth’s crust, undergo pedogenic processes, shaping diverse soil-mantled landscapes influenced by climatic factors in different regions. Investigating the geochemical signatures in granite weathering profiles across varying climatic conditions provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay between weathering and landscape evolution. In this study, the geochemical features, particularly major and rare earth elements, and the weathering degree of granites across temperate to subtropical regions in China were examined. The results indicated significant variations in the geochemical characteristics of granite weathering profiles, both at a pedon and regional scale (p < 0.01). With increasing hydrothermal conditions from north to south, soil pH shifted from neutral to acidic, accompanied by the leaching of major elements (K2O, Na2O, CaO, and MgO) and the enrichment of Al and Fe. The total rare earth elements (∑REEs) ranged from 75 to 352 ppm, and light rare earth elements (LREEs) from 71 to 317 ppm, exhibiting less significant variations across the study area, while heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) showed higher concentrations in the subtropical region (3 to 35 ppm). Plagioclases dominated the weathering process in temperate regions, with K-feldspar progressively increasing and, eventually, dominating from temperate to subtropic regions, resulting in a shift in clay minerals from 2:1-type in the temperate to 1:1-type in the subtropic. The chemical index of alteration (CIA) and comprehensive weathering index (W) increased from fresh rock to residual soils along the weathering profiles and from north to south across the study area, ranging from 50.72 to 97.44 and 35.11 to 70.62, respectively. The intensified granite weathering degree was significantly influenced by climatic conditions (p < 0.05), especially the multi-year average precipitation (22.4%) and relative humidity (9.1%) (p < 0.01). Gully erosion on the granite weathering mantle was concentrated in granites with a comprehensive weathering index exceeding 52.51, and the spatial variation of the granite weathering degree aligned with the spatial distribution of gully density across the study area.
17
Maggs, J., and B. Hewett. "Organic C and nutrients in surface soils from some primary rainforests, derived grasslands and secondary rainforests on the Atherton Tableland in North East Queensland." Soil Research 31, no. 3 (1993): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9930343.
Full textAbstract:
Some long term effects of (a) converting rainforest to grassland, and (b) rainforest regeneration on cleared land were investigated by comparing chemical properties of mineral soil (0-10 cm depth) from beneath primary rainforest, derived grassland and old secondary rainforest. Grasslands and secondary rainforest. were on land cleared at least 50 years ago. The study was undertaken on the Atherton Tableland in north east Queensland using soils formed on basalt, granite and metamorphic rocks. Organic C, kjeldahl N and labile N were 15-50% lower (P < 0.05) beneath grassland than primary rainforest for all soils, and were higher beneath secondary rainforest than grassland. Exchangeable Ca varied in a similar way in basaltic soils but did not differ between vegetation types in the other soils. Extractable Al was lower under grassland than either forest type for soils formed on granite and metamorphic rock. Total and organic P concentrations did not differ between primary forest and grassland, but were lowest under secondary rainforest for soils on metamorphic rock.
18
Oluwatoyin, O. Akinola, Olusola, and A. Ola Olorun. "Dispersion of Trace Elements as Consequence of insitu Weathering in granite-derived Tropical Soils in Southwestern Nigeria." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science 07, no. 10 (2022): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.51584/ijrias.2022.71008.
Full textAbstract:
Trace elements composition of granite and tropical soils formed by in-situ weathering over the basement complex of Ikere-Ekiti, Ado-Ekiti and Igbrara-Odo areas of SW Nigeria is evaluated and reported. The granitoids exhibit chemical features such as is common to other granite bodies across the basement areas. The soil profiles typically have four different horizons with contrasting physical characteristics. Analytical result from ICP-MS technique revealed compositional variation along vertical direction within depth of the profiles. Trace element as average for the granite reveals low Tm (0.5 ppm), Eu (2.1 ppm), Co (5.1 ppm), Sc (7.2 ppm), Hf (7.6 ppm), Sm (12.6 ppm), and Th (30.5 ppm) values, while La (110 ppm), Ce (216 ppm), Cr (235.5 ppm), and Ba (963 ppm) show enrichments. All the soils have Sm, Eu, Th, Hf and Co contents below 10 ppm; Sc, La and Ce values fall between 10-100 ppm, while Cr and Ba contents fall between 200-1500 ppm. Variation between trace contents in granite and the derived soils as revealed along depths of the profile indicates greater mobility of Th, Sc and Ba during chemical weathering while Eu and Tm are least mobile. Pronounced compositional variation occur at relatively shallow (0-1m) depth in near surface area all the profiles.
19
Fang, Chen, Ying Li, Chunsheng Gu, and Baodong Xing. "Effect of Fine-Grained Particles and Sensitivity Analysis of Physical Indexes on Residual Strength of Granite Residual Soils." Coatings 14, no. 1 (January 12, 2024): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14010105.
Full textAbstract:
Recently, stability analyses of structures built of granite residual soils, for example, earth dams or other urban structures, particularly when under vibration, are being recognized as much more important than previously imagined. In such analyses, it is emphasized that the residual strength should be utilized considering the seismic effect. Therefore, the residual strength of granite residual soils must be evaluated accurately in order to reduce the damage to structures built on them. This paper presented a laboratory study designed to examine the effect of fine-grained particles (FGPs; particle size £ 0.075 mm) on residual strength by the multistage procedure of the Bromhead ring shear test and evaluate the physical indexes forecasting the residual strength of granite residual soils using soil samples composed of fifteen different percentages of FGPs artificially adjusted from a reservoir embankment soil sample. The results showed that the residual strength decreased along with the increase in FGPs and that the residual frictional angle was rarely dependent on the ratio of FGPs when the ratio was over 90%. Even in the residual state, a small amplitude of fluctuation in shear stress still existed and was affected by the coarse-grained particles (CGPs; particle size ³ 0.075 mm), such as the quartz particles in the granite residual soils. It was also found that the amplitude of fluctuation was smaller when the FGP fraction was greater. In addition, under the same normal stress, the peak strength and residual strength decreased with an increase in the ratio of FGPs. Then, they remained almost the same when the ratios of FGPs were equal to 85% and 90%, respectively, and the post-peak attenuation tended to increase initially with an increase in the FGPs and then remained almost the same. Moreover, based on the sensitivity analysis, the order of influence of physical indexes on the residual frictional angle was also ranked for the granite residual soils.
20
Sonn, Yeon-Kyu, Hyun-Jun Cho, Byung-Keun Hyun, Hyen-Chung Chun, and Kook-Sik Shin. "Analysis of Catena on Representative Soils derived from Granite and Granite Gneiss." Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer 48, no. 4 (August 31, 2015): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7745/kjssf.2015.48.4.255.
Full text
21
Stutter, M. I., M. S. Alam, S. J. Langan, S. J. Woodin, R. P. Smart, and M. S. Cresser. "The effects of H2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4 treatments on the chemistry of soil drainage water and pine seedlings in forest soil microcosms." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 8, no. 3 (June 30, 2004): 392–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-8-392-2004.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. An experiment comparing effects of sulphuric acid and reduced N deposition on soil water quality and on chemical and physical growth indicators for forest ecosystems is described. Six H2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4 treatment loads, from 0 – 44 and 0 – 25 kmolc ha-1 yr-1, respectively, were applied to outdoor microcosms of Pinus sylvestris seedlings in 3 acid to intermediate upland soils (calc-silicate, quartzite and granite) for 2 years. Different soil types responded similarly to H2SO4 loads, resulting in decreased leachate pH, but differently to reduced N inputs. In microcosms of calc-silicate soil, nitrification of NH4 resulted in lower pH and higher cation leaching than in acid treatments. By contrast, in quartzite and granite soils, (NH4)2SO4 promoted direct cation leaching, although leachate pH increased. The results highlighted the importance of soil composition on the nature of the cations leached, the SO4 adsorption capacities and microbial N transformations. Greater seedling growth on calc-silicate soils under both treatment types was related to sustained nutrient availability. Reductions in foliar P and Mg with higher N treatments were observed for seedlings in the calc-silicate soil. There were few treatment effects on quartzite and granite microcosm tree seedlings since P limitation precluded seedling growth responses to treatments. Hence, any benefits of N deposition to seedlings on quartzite and granite soils appeared limited by availability of co-nutrients, exacerbated by rapid depletion of soil exchangeable base cations. Keywords: acidification, manipulation, nitrogen, ammonium, deposition, soil, drainage, pine, microcosms, forest
22
Liu, Man, Guilin Han, Xiaoqiang Li, Shitong Zhang, Wenxiang Zhou, and Qian Zhang. "Effects of Soil Properties on K Factor in the Granite and Limestone Regions of China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3 (January 28, 2020): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030801.
Full textAbstract:
Soil erosion has become a serious ecological problem in many catchments. Soil erodibility K factor can be estimated based on a series of soil properties, however, the identification of dominant soil properties that affect K factor prediction at different soil types has been little concerned. In this study, 3 soil profiles from the Jiulongjiang River Catchment (JRC) of granite region in Fujian province and 18 soil profiles from the Chenqi Catchment (CC) of karst region in Guizhou province were selected. Soil properties, including soil particle size distribution, soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil organic nitrogen (SON) content, and soil pH, were determined, and the K factors were estimated in the erosion productivity impact calculator (EPIC) model. The soils in the granite region were characteristic for coarse texture, low SOC and SON, and strong acidity compared with limestone soils. Although the K factors in both regions ranged from 0.009 to 0.018, they were overestimated in limestone soils due to frequent soil aggregation, which enhanced soil permeability, hence reduced soil erodibility. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) and structural equation model (SEM) showed that (1) K factor estimation in the soils of the granite region mainly depended on soil texture, of which silt was the most important factor; (2) while K factor in limestone soils was mainly controlled by soil organic matter (SOM) content, other soil properties, including soil pH, clay and silt contents, could indirectly affect prediction of K factor by affecting SOM accumulation.
23
Ham, Tae-Gew, Yukio Nakata, Rolando Orense, and Masayuki Hyodo. "Strength Anisotropy of Compacted Decomposed Granite Soils." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 30, no. 1 (September 22, 2011): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10706-011-9454-5.
Full text
24
Vincent, E., P. Dominic, and MM Kure. "Assessment of Geotechnical Parameters of Lateritic Soil of Jos and Environs, for Civil Engineering Constructions North Central part of Nigeria." NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES 3, no. 3b (November 15, 2020): 222–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/napas.209.
Full textAbstract:
Due to failures of Civil Engineering structures in Jos and its Environs, Geotechnical parameters of Lateritic soils were carried out in order to determine its engineering properties for civil engineering construction. The methods involved are; reconnaissance survey, site works, laboratory tests based on British Standard (BS) methods and interpretation of the results. The laboratory test of the soils revealed that the Atterberg limit; Liquid limit (LL) ranged from 33.0% to 45.0%, Plastic limit (PL) from 16.23% to 26.37%, and Plasticity index (PI) from 8.63% to 22.67%. The percentage passing from the Sieve analysis ranges from 31.62% to 67.66%. The cohesive strength (c) and angle of internal friction (ø) from direct shear test ranged from 13KN/m2 to 24KN/m2 and 9° to 26°. The values of the Total settlement (Pc) from the Consolidation test ranged from 0.0005m to 0.0019m, Soil pH from 5.2 to 7.8, Specific gravity (SG) from 2.57 to 2.73 and Natural Moisture Content (NMC) from 8.18% to 46.36%. From the compaction test; the Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) ranged from 15.22% to 20.60% and Maximum Dry Density (MDD) from 1.62g/cm3 to 1.84g/cm3. The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test for the soaked soils ranged from 21.0% to 93.0% and Un-soaked values from 50.75% to 96.61%. The findings reveal that; the geology of the area can be largely classified into granites (Biotite-microgranite, N’gell biotite-granite, Jos-biotite-granite and Aplo-pegmatitic granite-gneiss) and laterites. The geotechnical parameters of the soil are characteristically fair to poor, the strength and deformation of the soil reveals that it can mostly be used as a sub-base materials. The soil is classified as silty-clay, and the area need to be stabilized with cement, sand and gravel before carry civil engineering constructions. The results obtained will serve as base-line information for civil engineering construction in the study area in other to avoid structural damage.
25
Cristelo, Nuno, Stephanie Glendinning, and Said Jalali. "Sub-Bases Layers of Residual Granite Soil Stabilised with Lime." Soils and Rocks 32, no. 2 (May 1, 2009): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.322083.
Full textAbstract:
This paper describes the results of research carried out for evaluating the effects of hydrated lime, with and without chemical activators, for the modification (up to 2% lime) and stabilisation (more than 2% lime) of residual granite soils. The effects of the modification of granitic soils with the addition of 2% calcitic lime were studied; and the results of these modifications on particle size distribution, plasticity and strength gain of two soils with different clay fractions are reported. Furthermore, the effects on compressive strength when 6 and 10% lime were added for curing times up to 10 weeks were monitored. The effects of saturation of the stabilised soils were also studied, as well as the effects of a small percentage of NaCl on stabilised soils with and without saturation. This addition of NaCl proved to be highly beneficial and a better alternative than the addition of larger amounts of lime. Estimated loss of strength due to saturation of cured specimens appeared to be constant with curing time, indicating that this effect is due to loss of suction potential.
26
Wei, Lan, Lianxi Huang, Xiang Li, Yufen Huang, Weisheng Chen, Rui Ma, and Zhongzhen Liu. "Dependence of Metolachlor Adsorption by Biochar on Soil Properties in South China." Agronomy 14, no. 6 (June 14, 2024): 1290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14061290.
Full textAbstract:
Sorption is the most important process influencing the amount of herbicide retained in soils. The special properties of biochar could influence the soil retention of pollutants through adsorption. However, the detailed sorption mechanisms as influenced before and after applying biochar to soils with different properties are unclear. This study examined the sorption characteristics of metolachlor using soil samples collected from South China. Sorption experiments were conducted using a batch equilibration method. After comparing the metolachlor sorption constants observed for all soil samples, our results showed that the application of biochar significantly increased the capacity of metolachlor adsorption. Without biochar, sorption capacity (Kf) was positively related to soil organic matter and to a soil particle size of 0.002–0.02 mm in soils developed from granite, of 0.002–0.02 mm in soils developed from delta shockwaves, and of 0.002–0.02 mm, together with complex iron oxide and total iron content, in soils developed from arenaceous shale. Moreover, sorption capacity (Kf) with biochar was positively related to peroxidase in soils developed from granite and to dissociative iron oxide and total iron content in soils developed from arenaceous shale. Our results show that biochar greatly affects metolachlor sorption behavior, probably because of qualitative differences in the structural characteristics of soils with different developmental parent materials and properties.
27
Chen, Dong Xia, Kai Yang, and Yan Yang. "Experimental Study on Unconfined Compression Strength of Compacted Granite Residual Soils." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 2124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.2124.
Full textAbstract:
Granite residual soils are often used as compacted soils in engineering structures such as pavement, embankments and backfills in Xiamen. Many geotechnical problems such as bearing capacity, lateral earth pressures and slope stability require an assessment of the shear strength of soil. Since the geotechnical properties of residual soils are impaired in contact with water, a series of unconfined compression tests are carried out on granite residual soils. Results of tests include effects of degree of compaction, moisture content, degree of saturation and cyclic wetting and drying on unconfined compression strength respectively. The increase in degree of compaction and compacting effort increases unconfined compression strength and the former greatly affects the strength. Moisture content of soils is higher than the optimum one of 2.5% for high strength and it is lower than optimum one of 2.5% for good plasticity in Xiamen areas. The degree of saturation of high unconfined compression strength normally ranges from 64% to 76%. In addition, cyclic wetting and drying causes loss of unconfined compression strength and the maximum loss commonly occurs at the first cycle and then is slowed down by the following cycles till the strength remains approximately constant.
28
Shu, Rongjun, Lingwei Kong, Bingheng Liu, and Juntao Wang. "Stress–Strain Strength Characteristics of Undisturbed Granite Residual Soil Considering Different Patterns of Variation of Mean Effective Stress." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 20, 2021): 1874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041874.
Full textAbstract:
Granite residual soil is one of the most frequently encountered problem soils in tropical regions, whose mechanical behavior heavily depends on the pattern of variation of mean effective stress (p’) during shearing, which can be classified into three categories: increasing-p’, constant-p’, and decreasing-p’. Unfortunately, so far, the stress–strain strength characteristics of granite residual soils have been studied mainly under increasing-p’ stress paths, although it is very likely to encounter stress paths with decreasing p’ in practice, especially in excavation engineering. Moreover, most pertinent research has focused on remolded granite residual soils, whereas undisturbed specimens have not yet received enough attention. In this paper, stress path triaxial tests considering different patterns of variation of mean effective stress were conducted on an undisturbed granite residual soil. Subsequently, a variable termed loading angle was introduced to quantitatively represent stress path. The influences of stress path on the Mohr–Coulomb strength parameters, deformation characteristics, ductility, and shearing stiffness were analyzed, with an emphasis on the role of pattern of variation of mean effective stress. The experimental results show that friction angle of the soil increases while cohesion decreases with the increase in loading angle. The increase in loading angle leads to less volume contraction and smaller failure strain. During shearing, the soil exhibited a less brittle response under stress paths with smaller loading angles. The initial secant shear modulus first decreased and then increased as the loading angle increased, with the minimum shearing stiffness occurring at a certain loading angle lying between 90° and 123.7°.
29
Kefas, P. K., L. M. Maniyunda, A. B. Shobayo, Y. A. Garjila, H. J. Philip, and A. Christopher. "Fertility capability classification of selected soils on the basement complex of north-eastern Nigeria." Agro-Science 21, no. 3 (March 9, 2023): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/as.v21i3.11.
Full textAbstract:
A clear understanding of soil characteristics and their appropriate classification are essential for efficient land use and increased productivity. The present study was carried out to obtain the fertility capability classification (FCC) of the soils overlying the basement complex in a toposequence in north eastern Nigeria and to serve as baseline data for soil management. Soils on four topographic positions identified on porphyritic granite (PG), pegmatite (PT) and granite-gneiss (GG) of the basement complex in Taraba State of Nigeria were assessed. Twelve pedons were studied in all, four along the toposequence on PG, PT, and GG. At the type and substrata type, sandy and loamy group dominated. Ustic soil moisture regime, exchange acidity (fixing available phosphorus) and low organic carbon limited the entire soils across the basement complexes restricting rainfed crop production to one season per annum except with irrigation practice. Poor drainage was a limitation across the soils on pegmatite. The FCC rated PG and GG soils as SLdeam (sand over loam and limited by moisture, effective cation exchange capacity, aluminium toxicity and organic carbon) and Ldam (loam type and substrata characteristics limited by moisture, aluminium toxicity and organic carbon), and PT and PT soils as Sdamg (sandy type and substrata type restricted by moisture, aluminium toxicity, organic carbon, drainage). Ridge construction, organic and mineral fertilizer applications are essential management practices required for sustainable use of these soils.
30
Ayakannu, Ramani, and Zia Razzaq. "Multi-Modal Natural Frequency Response of Utility Transmission Tapered Wood Poles Under Various Soil Foundation Conditions." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, no. 11 (November 19, 2020): 1349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.11.2054.
Full textAbstract:
Studied herein is the multi-modal natural frequency response of utility transmission tapered wood poles under various soil foundation conditions. Strong winds and hurricanes in various parts of the world have resulted in collapse of such utility poles and have resulted in the disruption of electrical distribution systems in addition to creating hazardous conditions for the public. To avoid the development of resonance under such dynamic loading, the multi-modal natural vibration of the utility poles first needs to be understood in the presence of practical soil foundation conditions. To capture the soil-structure interaction effects on the multi-modal frequencies, a SAP2000 dynamic finite element model is created in which the foundation soil stiffness is characterized by means of a series of ‘soil springs’ below the ground level. The properties of the soil springs vary with types of foundation soils and depths. Three types of foundation soils are considered, namely sandy, clayey soils and Granite (Rock). The results are compared to a standard fixed base model. It is found that the fundamental natural frequencies decreased by 52%, 37%, and 3% for sandy, clayey soils and granite, respectively, when compared to fixed base model. It was observed that there was an increase in the frequencies of the embedded utility poles in clay and granite, when compared to those with the fixed based after the 1st mode whereas, poles embedded in sandy soils showed increase in modal frequencies after the 3rd mode. The 10th mode appears to be a starting point of modal frequency convergence, while an apparent convergence occurs after the 20th mode. The convergent modal frequency was about 740 Hz for the Class H1 utility pole. However, there was a significant increase in the higher modal frequencies such as nearly 55% at the 20th mode, in all soil types when compared to the fixed base model.
31
Ayakannu, Ramani, and Zia Razzaq. "Multi-Modal Natural Frequency Response of Utility Transmission Tapered Wood Poles Under Various Soil Foundation Conditions." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 5, no. 11 (November 19, 2020): 1349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2020.5.11.2054.
Full textAbstract:
Studied herein is the multi-modal natural frequency response of utility transmission tapered wood poles under various soil foundation conditions. Strong winds and hurricanes in various parts of the world have resulted in collapse of such utility poles and have resulted in the disruption of electrical distribution systems in addition to creating hazardous conditions for the public. To avoid the development of resonance under such dynamic loading, the multi-modal natural vibration of the utility poles first needs to be understood in the presence of practical soil foundation conditions. To capture the soil-structure interaction effects on the multi-modal frequencies, a SAP2000 dynamic finite element model is created in which the foundation soil stiffness is characterized by means of a series of ‘soil springs’ below the ground level. The properties of the soil springs vary with types of foundation soils and depths. Three types of foundation soils are considered, namely sandy, clayey soils and Granite (Rock). The results are compared to a standard fixed base model. It is found that the fundamental natural frequencies decreased by 52%, 37%, and 3% for sandy, clayey soils and granite, respectively, when compared to fixed base model. It was observed that there was an increase in the frequencies of the embedded utility poles in clay and granite, when compared to those with the fixed based after the 1st mode whereas, poles embedded in sandy soils showed increase in modal frequencies after the 3rd mode. The 10th mode appears to be a starting point of modal frequency convergence, while an apparent convergence occurs after the 20th mode. The convergent modal frequency was about 740 Hz for the Class H1 utility pole. However, there was a significant increase in the higher modal frequencies such as nearly 55% at the 20th mode, in all soil types when compared to the fixed base model.
32
Li, Zhi Yong, Bin Wei, Yue Hua Hu, Cheng Dong, and Zu En Zheng. "Study on the Engineering Properties of the Cement Stabilized Full Weathering Granite Soil." Advanced Materials Research 261-263 (May 2011): 1820–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.261-263.1820.
Full textAbstract:
When the full weathered granite is regarded as highway subgrade filling material, it is restricted to the application because of its high mica content, lax construction, bad water stability, and small cohesion. For these reasons, the full weathered granite soil should be improved before using for subgrade filling, and the cement was taken as an improver in this paper. The dynamic and static characteristics of cement stabilized soils were studied systemically. It was shown from the experiment results that there is a decrease in the content of mica and clay, and an increase of quattz of the cement stabilized soils. The unconfined strength of the cement stabilized full weathered granite increases linearly with the increase in cement content. There is power function relationship between water stability coefficient and the cement content. The unconfined strength and water stability coefficient increases with degree of compaction and with age as well, while the increasing rate decrease with age. The dynamic strength of the cement stabilized full weathered granite increased with the increase of the degree of compaction and the cement content. However, as the water content increases, the dynamic strength increased first and then decreases, there is an optimum moisture content. A linear model was proposed to describe the dynamic modulus and dynamic relationship between the stress amplitude. The results can provide an important reference for engineering practice.
33
AGRE SERAPHIN, DJOMO, KOUASSI KOUAME ALFRED, THIEBLESSON LYDIE MARCELLE, and KOUAKOU CONAND HONORE. "IMPROVEMENT OF LATERITIC GRAVELLY SOILS IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION: PARTIAL SUBSTITUTION OF CEMENT BY GRANITE POWDER." International Journal of Applied Science and Research 05, no. 05 (2023): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.56293/ijasr.2022.5433.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on the lateritic gravels of N'DOUCI whose physical properties do not meet the specifications for their use as a road base. Thus, for its use in road construction, a partial substitution of cement by granite powder has been made. Several tests (particle size analysis, chemical analysis, CBR and proctor tests, Atterberg limits, etc.) were carried out to verify the geotechnical and mechanical characteristics of the new material. This study showed that the addition of granite powder in place of cement improved the material properties, i.e. optimum dry density, CBR. The results show that the optimum dry density is 1.95% with a moisture content of 12%. Overall, the results obtained are satisfactory and show that a quantity of 2% cement for 6% granite powder is required for a base course material in road construction. However, it would be useful to use the proportions of 4% cement to 4% granite powder.
34
Lu, Youqian, Guoqing Cai, and Chenggang Zhao. "The Shear Strength of Granite Weathered Soil Under Different Hydraulic Paths." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (September 22, 2020): 6615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186615.
Full textAbstract:
At present, there is no clear understanding of the influence of differences in soil mineral composition, particle size grading, and hydraulic paths on the shear strength of unsaturated soil, and the related strength models are not applicable. The shear strength characteristics of different saturation specimens under different hydraulic paths were studied on two granite weathered soils. The experimental results show that the shear strength index of the prepared specimen is “arched” with the increase of saturation, and the dehydration specimen decreases linearly with the saturation. As considering the cementation of free oxides in soils and the interaction among soil particles at different saturations, it is assumed that there are three different contact modes among soil particles: direct contact, meniscus contact, and cement contact. The difference in contact modes will reflect the different laws of shear strength. A shear strength model capable of distinguishing between the capillary effect and the adsorptive effect was established. The model predicted and verified the shear strength data of granite weathered soil under different hydraulic paths well, and then theoretically explained the evolution law of the shear strength of granite weathering soil under the change of saturation.
35
Liu, Qixin, Liansheng Tang, and Yang Chen. "Response of soil–water characteristics to pore structure of granite residual soils." Soils and Foundations 63, no. 6 (December 2023): 101395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2023.101395.
Full text
36
Harden, Jennifer W., Emily M. Taylor, Cindy Hill, Robert K. Mark, Leslie D. McFadden, Marith C. Reheis, Janet M. Sowers, and Steven G. Wells. "Rates of Soil Development from Four Soil Chronosequences in the Southern Great Basin." Quaternary Research 35, no. 3-Part1 (May 1991): 383–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(91)90052-7.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractFour soil chronosequences in the southern Great Basin were examined in order to study and quantify soil development during the Quaternary. Soils of all four areas are developed in gravelly alluvial fans in semiarid climates with 8 to 40 cm mean annual precipitation. Lithologies of alluvium are granite-gneiss at Silver Lake, granite and basalt at Cima Volcanic Field, limestone at Kyle Canyon, and siliceous volcanic rocks at Fortymile Wash. Ages of the soils are approximated from several radiometric and experimental techniques, and rates are assessed using a conservative mathematical approach. Average rates for Holocene soils at Silver Lake are about 10 times higher than for Pleistocene soils at Kyle Canyon and Fortymile Wash, based on limited age control. Holocene soils in all four areas appear to develop at similar rates, and Pleistocene soils at Kyle Canyon and Fortymile Wash may differ by only a factor of 2 to 4. Over time spans of several millennia, a preferred model for the age curves is not linear but may be exponential or parabolic, in which rates decrease with increasing age. These preliminary results imply that the geographical variation in rates within the southern Great Basin-Mojave region may be much less significant than temporal variation in rates of soil development. The reasons for temporal variation in rates and processes of soil development are complexly linked to climatic change and related changes in water and dust, erosional history, and internally driven chemical and physical processes.
37
Kong, Lingwei, Hossain Md Sayem, and Huihui Tian. "Influence of drying–wetting cycles on soil-water characteristic curve of undisturbed granite residual soils and microstructure mechanism by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin-spin relaxation time (T2) relaxometry." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 55, no. 2 (February 2018): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0614.
Full textAbstract:
Due to the formational environment and climatic variability, granite residual soils with grain-size distribution ranging from gravel to clay undergo multiple drying–wetting cycles. The influences of multiple drying–wetting cycles on the soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) and pore-size distribution (POSD) of undisturbed granite residual soils are investigated using the pressure plate test and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spin-spin relaxation time (T2) distribution measurement, respectively. Results show that the water-retention capacity and air-entry value decrease and pores become more uniform with increasing drying–wetting cycles. After four drying–wetting cycles, the soil reaches a nearly constant state. The POSD change of multiple drying–wetting cycle samples is consistent with the SWCC of the soils. Furthermore, a modified van Genuchten model in terms of cumulative pore volume is used to obtain the best-fit POSD of the drying–wetting cycle samples. The shape and changing tendency of both curves of SWCC and POSD are quite similar and achieved a better correlation. It can be concluded that the SWCC is strongly dependent on the POSD of the soil and NMR T2 relaxometry can be used as an alternative to the assessment of microstructural variation of residual soils subjected to the periodic drying and wetting process.
38
Liu, Honghu, Jing Liu, Xianwei Zhang, and Xinyu Liu. "The Shrink–Swell Process of the Granite Residual Soil with Different Weathering Degree in a Gully System in Southern China." Applied Sciences 12, no. 21 (November 4, 2022): 11200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122111200.
Full textAbstract:
The soil shrink–swell phenomenon produces crack networks and slope instability. However, few studies have involved the continuous shrink–swell process of granite residual soils. The objective of the study is to explore the shrink–swell process of weathered granite soils and its effects on gully development in southern China. The bulk density, soil water content (SWC), shrink–swell ratio (SSR), clay mineral content, and mechanical composition, etc., of soil samples from five soil layers (at depths of 0.3 m, 3.0 m, 7.0 m, 12.0 m, and 16.0 m) along a profile in Yudu County was analyzed. After quantifying the soil properties at different soil depths, we analyzed these data statistically in an effort to identify strong parametric relationships. The results indicated that some properties such as bulk density and shear stress increased with soil depth, while other soil properties, such as plasticity index and liquid limit, were inversely related to depth. Soil cohesion, the angle of internal friction, and shear stress were closely related to the SWC. Every 1% decrease in the SWC resulted in a shear stress reduction of 6.62 kPa. The SSR values exhibited significant variation between the three dry–wet cycles and were closely related to the bulk density values of our kaolin and montmorillonite samples. As an environmental factor, the SWC can trigger changes in internal soil properties such as shear stress and the SSR. Using these data and observations made during our field survey, it can be proposed that continuous shrink–swell variation in deep granite-weathering crust can result in crack formation and gully erosion. It can be inferred that crack development velocity and gully retreat rate may be affected by the soil’s shrink–swell process. Consequently, this information provides insight to understanding the mechanism of gully development in southern China.
39
Olabode, Oluwaseun Franklin, and Yinusa Ayodele Asiwaju-Bello. "Insights from the Engineering Geological Mapping of Four Basement Rocks Derived Soils." Sustainable Geoscience and Geotourism 2 (November 2018): 16–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/sgg.2.16.
Full textAbstract:
Due to the rapid expansion and associated construction of civil engineering structures on the Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA) campus, there arose an urgent need for an engineering geological mapping of the underlying soils (residual soils). Generalized geological mapping revealed four types of basement rocks namely migmatite-gneisses, granites, quartzites and charnockites. Results from the fifty (50) soil samples from twenty-five test pits collected all over the spread of the campus coverage of 6.4 km2revealed that the campus is underlain by soils of granular and clayey composition, generally lateritic, having reddish to brownish colour. Engineering geological tests such as natural moisture content, particle size analysis, consistency limits, California bearing ratio and consolidation were carried out on the soils following standard procedures revealed that the values of natural moisture content do not generally follow a consistent pattern and varied from location to location. The grain size characteristics curve, displayed 84% and 16% subsoils are of well graded and poorly graded type respectively. The soils were grouped into CL (low plasticity), CI (medium plasticity) and CH (high plasticity) from consistency limits results. Compaction characteristics of the subsoils revealed 36% and 64% representative of fair to good and poor to very poor foundation materials respectively. Soils with settlement rates greater than 1mm/year were designated as high settlement subsoils. 72% and 28% of the subsoils fell into hard to stiff and soft categories from the shear strength characteristics respectively, and classified as c-ø soils. California Bearing Ratios values range from 10 – 70, indicating their suitability for pavement construction. Conclusively, areas underlain by migmatite-gneiss and charnockite-derived soils, and granite and quartzite-derived soils possessed low and high strength characteristics respectively which can be attributed to their textural characteristics. The subsoils of the entire campus spread are however capable of bearing very substantial loads.
40
Mbengue, Marie Thérèse Marame, Abdou Lawane Gana, Adamah Messan, and Anne Pantet. "Geotechnical and Mechanical Characterization of Lateritic Soil Improved with Crushed Granite." Civil Engineering Journal 8, no. 5 (May 1, 2022): 843–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2022-08-05-01.
Full textAbstract:
Since many years, road infrastructures in West Africa are most often subject to premature degradations despite the large number of studies. This problem is often due to the poor control of the behaviour of materials used for the pavement, but also to the scarcity of good quality materials. Nowadays, with economic development, there is a necessity for road infrastructures of good quality. In this framework, the main objective was to study the vertical geotechnical variability of the gravelly lateritic soil from the Saaba site in Burkina Faso and to improve their performances by adding crushed granite. The results show that the physical properties of the soils are almost identical depending on the depth. However, a small difference in the mechanical properties was observed. Due to their poor characteristics, these materials cannot be used for the sub-base layer according to the pavement design guide for tropical countries, CEBTP [1]. In order to improve their geotechnical and mechanical characteristics, crushed granite of class 0/31.5 mm was added at different percentages: 20, 25, 30, and 35%. It appears that the plasticity index, the methylene blue value, as well as the optimal water content of the material decreased. The soaked CBR recorded a maximum relative increase of 164% (from 14 to 37%) with the addition of 20 to 30% of crushed granite. With the addition of 20 to 30% of crushed granite, Young's modulus and unconfined compressive strength also showed a clear increase of 309% (from 80 to 327 MPa) and 140% (from 0.72 to 1.73 MPa). By comparing the results with the CEBTP specifications, the addition of 30% of granites at 95% compactness allows the materials to have a CBR that exceeds the value of 30% and can be used in the sub-base layer of road pavement. The addition of 30% granite allows the materials to record an unconfined compressive strength higher than 0.5-1.5 MPa, which corresponds to lateritic soil suitable for sub-base layer according to Messou [2]. After the addition of 30% granite, the materials record a Young's modulus greater than 300 MPa and can be used as a base layer. The assessment of the improvement of mechanical performance simultaneously based on the CBR, the Young's modulus, and the compressive strength showed the contradictory evolution of the results from these different parameters. A discussion was made on the relationship between these parameters. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-05-01 Full Text: PDF
41
NAKAYAMA, Yoshihisa, Kazuhiko NISHIDA, Tatsuaki NISHIGATA, and Keiji INOUE. "Liquefaction Characteristics and Physical Properties of Decomposed Granite Soils." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 638 (1999): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1999.638_207.
Full text
42
Furukawa, Yukio, Tatsushi Fujita, and Kazuo Hirayama. "Effect of Acid Rain on Stabilized Decomposed Granite Soils." Soils and Foundations 34, no. 3 (September 1994): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.34.3_123.
Full text
43
Lee, Jin-Soo, Kang-Il Lee, and Kyung-Jin Kim. "Dynamic Characteristics of Decomposed Granite Soils by Changing Geoenvironment." Journal of the Korean Geosynthetic Society 13, no. 1 (March 30, 2014): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12814/jkgss.2014.13.1.041.
Full text
44
Liu, Pan, Xiaowen Zhou, and Yongbin He. "Bond Yield Characteristics of Undisturbed Completely Decomposed Granite." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/325162.
Full textAbstract:
To investigate the bond yield characteristics of undisturbed completely decomposed granite (CDG) which is widely distributed in Southern China, a series of conventional drained tests were conducted. From the test data, some insights are obtained as follows: for undisturbed CDG soils, the bond yield point during shearing could be identified on the curve of the normalized tangential stiffnessEtan/p′versus axial strain on log-log scale. The consolidation pressureP0′has a significant influence on the bond yield characteristics of undisturbed CDG during shearing, the bonds inside undisturbed CDG tend to be damaged relatively more seriously asP0′is higher, accordingly the initial normalized stiffnessEitan/p′will be smaller at the beginning of the shearing process, and the axial strain at the bond yield point will also be smaller. Once consolidation pressureP0′excesses a critical value such as 475 kPa for this studied CDG, the bonds inside soil will be damaged totally at the consolidation compression stage. In this case, there will be no bond yield occurring during shearing and theEtan/p′-εacurves will coincide with the ones of reconstituted CDG soil. For reconstituted soils, no bond yielding was observed during shearing; theEtan/p′-εacurves are tightly consistent with no dependence of the value ofP0′.
45
Elkamhawy, Elsayed, Huabin Wang, Tarek N. Salem, František Vranay, and Martina Zelenakova. "Soil Fabric and Transitional Behavior in Completely Decomposed Granite: An Example of Well-Graded Soil." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 10 (September 23, 2021): 1046. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9101046.
Full textAbstract:
Unlike sedimentary soils, limited studies have dealt with completely decomposed granite (CDG) soils, even though they are plentiful and used extensively in several engineering applications. In this paper, a set of triaxial compression tests have been conducted on well-graded intact and disturbed CDG soils to study the impact of the fabric on soil behavior. The soil behavior was robustly affected by the soil fabric and its mineral composition. The intact soil showed multiple parallel compression lines, while a unique isotropic compression line was present in the case of disturbed soil. Both the intact and disturbed soils showed unique critical state lines (CSL) in both the e-log p′ and q-p′ spaces. The intact soil showed behavior unlike other transitional soils that have both distinct isotropic compression lines ICLs and CSLs. The gradient of the unique ICL of the disturbed soil was much more than that of the parallel compression lines of the intact soil. In the intact soil, the slope of the unique CSL (M) in the q-p′ space was higher than that of the disturbed soil. The isotropic response was present for both the intact and disturbed soils after erasing the inherited anisotropy as the stress increased with irrecoverable volumetric change. Soil fabric is considered the dominant factor in the transitional behavior and such a mode of soil behavior is no longer restricted to gap-graded soil as previously thought.
46
Suliman, Manal O., and Abdulrazzaq Jawish Alkherret. "Using Fine Silica Sand and Granite Powder Waste to Control Free Swelling Behavior of High Expansive Soil." Modern Applied Science 15, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v15n1p53.
Full textAbstract:
Many researchers have been interested in studying the effect of adding local natural materials or construction waste on the properties of poor subgrade soil. However, changes in size and strength of expansive soils can cause extensive damage to the geotechnical infrastructure. This damage is often repeatable and latent in the long term, and is a critical issue in highway subgrade engineering. This paper examines the effect of adding both Fine Silica Sand (FSS) and Granite Cutting Powder Waste (GPW) materials on the welling characteristics of expansive soils. Atterberg limits, free swell index, and rate of swell of the mixtures were used as a key to assess properties of a group of expansive soil samples after adding different percentages of the mentioned materials. The rates of additions were 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60 and 70% of the weight of the soil samples. The test results showed that FSS and GPW significantly affect the expansive soil properties. However, adding 70% of both FSS and GPW reduced the swelling index from 58.3% to 6.6% and from 58.3% to 11% after 7 days of curing, respectively. This study suggests that the Fine Silica Sand and Granite Powder Waste can be used as stabilizers for expansive highly plastic soils.
47
CUSHMAN, LAARY J., VINCENT P. RICHARDS, and PATRICK D. MCMILLAN. "Micranthes petiolaris variety shealyi: A New Variety of Micranthes (Section Stellares, Saxifragaceae) from South Carolina." Phytotaxa 452, no. 2 (July 14, 2020): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.452.2.2.
Full textAbstract:
A new variety of Micranthes is described from a low-elevation granite outcrop in Pickens County, South Carolina. It is similar to high elevation Micranthes petiolaris populations in leaf morphology and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences, but differs in its annual habit, floral morphology, phenology, and ecology. The variety is known only from the type locality, with most clusters of individuals occurring along the forested boundary of an open granite outcrop, associated with Juniperus virginiana L., and growing upon moist to saturated moss mats and/or shallow soils. A discussion comparing the proposed taxon with M. petiolaris is provided, with notes about the distribution, habitat, and taxonomy of the variety.
48
M, CHANDRAKALA. "Soil heterogeneity: A comparative assessment of soils from two different AESR, southern India." Annals of Plant and Soil Research 24, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10119.
Full textAbstract:
A comparative study was carried out to assess the nature and characteristics of soils from two agro-ecological sub regions (AESU and AESR) from two states of South India. Using sentinel-2 satellite data, google imagery and top sheet, a detailed soil survey was taken up in AESU and AESR. Major soils from upland as well as from lowlands were compared to assess the soils heterogeneity. Results showed that there was a high heterogeneity between properties of soils AESU and AESR. Variability existed in climatic conditions (tropical humid region in AESU and semiarid condition in AESR), physiographic (valley plain to gently, very gently, moderate, steep and very steep slopes in AESU and levelled to gently and very gently slopes in AESR ), geology (charnockite and granite gneiss in AESU whereas granite gneiss in AESR), land use (rubber, paddy, coconut in AESU and paddy, mango, pigeon pea, groundnut in AESR), soil classification (Ultisols and Alfisols in AESU whereas Alfisols and Inceptisols in AESR) and land capability (soil and water conservation measures must in AESU and slope was manageable with agronomic management practices in AESR). Soils varied in texture (clay, sandy clay and clay loam in AESU whereas sandy clay loam to sandy loam in AESR), consistency and depth of soils (shallow to very deep in AESU and shallow to deep in AESR). Clay content (32.9 to 63.5%) was dominant fraction in AESU whereas sand (52.1 to 72.1%) was in AESR. Soil acidity (strongly acid to very strongly acid) was a major problem (both hydrogen and aluminium saturation) in AESU whereas slightly acidic to neutral and slightly alkaline in AESR. Organic carbon content was high (up to 25.9 gkg-1) in AESU whereas it was up to 10.0 gkg-1 in AESR. Base saturation was <35% in AESU and >75% up to 100% in AESR. Calcium carbonate equivalent is >5% in AESR and not a problem in AESU. CEC was low (<12 cmol (p+) kg–1) in AESU and good (>12 cmol (p +) kg–1) in AESR.
49
M, *CHANDRAKALA. "Soil heterogeneity: A comparative assessment of soils from two different AESR, southern India." ANNALS OF PLANT AND SOIL RESEARCH 24, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10119.
Full textAbstract:
A comparative study was carried out to assess the nature and characteristics of soils from two agro-ecological sub regions (AESU and AESR) from two states of South India. Using sentinel-2 satellite data, google imagery and top sheet, a detailed soil survey was taken up in AESU and AESR. Major soils from upland as well as from lowlands were compared to assess the soils heterogeneity. Results showed that there was a high heterogeneity between properties of soils AESU and AESR. Variability existed in climatic conditions (tropical humid region in AESU and semiarid condition in AESR), physiographic (valley plain to gently, very gently, moderate, steep and very steep slopes in AESU and levelled to gently and very gently slopes in AESR ), geology (charnockite and granite gneiss in AESU whereas granite gneiss in AESR), land use (rubber, paddy, coconut in AESU and paddy, mango, pigeon pea, groundnut in AESR), soil classification (Ultisols and Alfisols in AESU whereas Alfisols and Inceptisols in AESR) and land capability (soil and water conservation measures must in AESU and slope was manageable with agronomic management practices in AESR). Soils varied in texture (clay, sandy clay and clay loam in AESU whereas sandy clay loam to sandy loam in AESR), consistency and depth of soils (shallow to very deep in AESU and shallow to deep in AESR). Clay content (32.9 to 63.5%) was dominant fraction in AESU whereas sand (52.1 to 72.1%) was in AESR. Soil acidity (strongly acid to very strongly acid) was a major problem (both hydrogen and aluminium saturation) in AESU whereas slightly acidic to neutral and slightly alkaline in AESR. Organic carbon content was high (up to 25.9 gkg-1) in AESU whereas it was up to 10.0 gkg-1 in AESR. Base saturation was <35% in AESU and >75% up to 100% in AESR. Calcium carbonate equivalent is >5% in AESR and not a problem in AESU. CEC was low (<12 cmol (p+) kg–1) in AESU and good (>12 cmol (p +) kg–1) in AESR.
50
Wang, XJ, PJ Smethurst, and AM Herbert. "Relationships between three measures of organic matter or carbon in soils of eucalypt plantations in Tasmania." Soil Research 34, no. 4 (1996): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9960545.
Full textAbstract:
Organic carbon or organic matter in acidic Tasmanian soils supporting eucalypt plantations was measured by dry combustion using a LECO CHIN-1000 Analyzer (CT), wet oxidation by the Walkley-Black method (CW&B), and loss-on-ignition (LOI at 375°C). CT and CW&B were highly correlated in 119 surface and subsoil samples, and on average, CW&B provided near complete recovery of CT (97%). Although LOI may have released some structural water from the fine-textured soils, and apart from granite-derived soils which need further study, strong regressions were found between LOI and both CW&B and CT which were specific for either basalt or non-basalt soils. Within the non-basalt soils, parent material had little effect on these relationships, although there were large differences in C concentrations of surface soils between soils of different parent materials. The relationships of CW&B and CT to LOI in the basalt soils were significantly different from those in the non-basalt soils.