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Academic literature on the topic 'Grange Wholesale Supply Co'

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Published: 27 July 2024
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Grange Wholesale Supply Co"

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Cao, Yuliang, and Muhammad Mohiuddin. "Sustainable Emerging Country Agro-Food Supply Chains: Fresh Vegetable Price Formation Mechanisms in Rural China." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (May 17, 2019): 2814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102814.

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Price formation mechanisms along the supply chain determine the economic viability of effective agro-food supply chains in emerging countries with small-scale subsistence-based agricultural activities. This study offers an analysis of the price formation mechanism along the Chinese fresh vegetable supply chain. It analyzes the features of market transactions in the upstream and downstream greenhouse cucumber supply chain, and presents an elastic model of pricing in the fresh and raw vegetable market in China. Based on the daily procurement price data of 78 cases in Lingyuan (Liaoning Province, China), and the wholesale price of 78 cases in Xinfadi (Beijing, China), the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test, co-integration test, and Granger test were applied to reveal the relationship between the prices. Findings indicate that the price of fresh and raw vegetables is formed at the wholesale market, where after it cascades from wholesalers to direct buyers (primary merchants) and farmers, and is passed on to retailers and consumers, where the final market price is formed. Farmers exhibit bounded rationality decision-making, that is, they can only passively accept price fluctuations. Buyers (primary merchants, wholesalers’ agents, and retailers) at each level extract fixed rewards, while making no additional contribution to the price fluctuations along the chain. The wholesalers enjoy an oligopolistic competition market and can better take advantage of the asymmetric information to accommodate market demand.
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Charoenrit, Pacharapon P., Chalermpon Jatuporn, Sombat Pantavisid, Vasu Suvanvihok, and Paisan Rueangrit. "Testing for price transmission in Thailand’s oil palm and palm oil markets: an empirical study using time series analysis." International Journal of Agricultural Extension 9, no. 3 (December 30, 2021): 451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/ijae.009.03.3656.

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This study aims to analyze the price transmission within the supply chains of Thailand’s oil palm and palm oil markets. The study employs time-series data from January 2012 to December 2019, which comprises 96 monthly price samples, using econometric analysis, namely, the ADF unit root, Granger causality, co-integration, and error correction model. The empirical results show that (1) there are four causal relationships from crude palm oil price running to palm fruit price, the wholesale price of bottle-refined palm oil, and the retail price of bottle-refined palm oil, and from the wholesale price of bottle refined palm oil running to the wholesale price of gallon refined palm oil. The results further reveal that (2) the palm fruit price has the highest price transmission efficiency, followed by the wholesale price of bottle-refined palm oil, the retail price of bottle-refined palm oil and the wholesale price of gallon refined palm oil. The findings conclude that the crude palm oil price influences the pricing in Thailand’s oil palm and palm oil markets.
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Abraham, Rose Mary K. "Financialisation of Commodity Markets: Evidence from India." Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research 16, no. 1 (February 2022): 106–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09738010211069407.

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The known circumstances that favour financialisation of commodity markets which result in unidirectional co-movement of equity and commodity indices are either weak or non-existent in India. Yet, after 2015, there has been a greater correlation between equity and commodity markets even when decoupling is observed in global markets. Results from the rolling regression attest to the shift in response of commodity and equity indices to wholesale price inflation (WPI) and call rate after 2015, indicating that post 2015 co-movement could have been a result of inflation targeting regime. The linear regression as well as the Granger causality analysis based on vector autoregression (VAR) framework, which accounts for simultaneity, confirms that commodity markets are moving on its own supply-demand factors. The rolling regression also brings to light the disciplining effect of regulatory scrutiny and audit trail in the Indian commodity market around July 2013, when National Spot Exchange Ltd. (NSEL) payment crisis and commodity transaction taxes (CTT) occurred. JEL Classifications: G180, G28, C580, G1, G100. G130
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Rasool, Nosheen, and Muhammad Mubashir Hussain. "The Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on Stock Prices: An Empirical Analysis of Islamabad Stock Exchange." Journal of Global Economy 10, no. 2 (July 2, 2014): 73–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v10i2.346.

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The purpose of this study was to analyze long-run causal relationship between ISE (Islamabad Stock Exchange) and macroeconomic variables in Pakistan and also find out the direction of causality. The impact of macroeconomic variables on stock prices of ISE has not been previously discussed by the researchers. The monthly data from January 2001 to December 2010 was used in this study. The set of macroeconomic variables include Exchange Rate (ER), Foreign Exchange Reserves (FER), Industrial Production Index (IPI), Interest Rate (IR), Imports (M), Money Supply (MS), Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and Exports (X). Descriptive statistics and Unit root test, Johansen Co-integration Technique and Granger Causality Technique were employed to analyze the long-run and causal relationship between the macroeconomic variables and stock prices.  The results revealed that M showed positive and significant relationship but Foreign Exchange Reserves (FER) and Industrial Production Index (IPI) indicated positive and insignificant relationship with the stock prices. Exchange rate(ER), Money supply (MS) and  Whole sale price index(WPI) showed negative but significant relationship while Interest  rate (IR) and Export( X )indicated a negative and insignificant relationship with the stock prices. The findings of Granger Causality revealed that only exports showed a unidirectional causal relationship.Â
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Zhao, Shuang. "Analysis of Dual Sourcing Strategy with Quality Differentiated Suppliers." E3S Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 01057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125301057.

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Co-opetition supply chain is now the normal mode of development among enterprises. Based on the co-opetition supply chain, this paper designs a model to study the procurement strategy between OEM and two suppliers with supply uncertainty. We find that the profit increase of OEM is less affected by the wholesale price of a single supplier when purchasing through a single channel suppress. The dual purchase strategy has a great advantage, which leads to price war and reduces wholesale price. However, it is interesting to find that when the technical level of competitive suppliers is constantly improving, the order quantity of competitive suppliers is not always rising, but presents a single peak mode. This shows that OEM can deal with the threat of profit by reducing the orders to competitive suppliers.
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Deb, Limon, Yoonsuk Lee, and Sang Hyeon Lee. "Market Integration and Price Transmission in the Vertical Supply Chain of Rice: An Evidence from Bangladesh." Agriculture 10, no. 7 (July 5, 2020): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10070271.

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As a staple food, rice has an enormous market in Bangladesh in terms of market participants and the volume of the product. As the price of rice is always a sensitive factor for producers, poor consumers and policy makers, this paper investigates market integration and price transmission along the vertical supply chain of rice. Johansen’s test of co-integration confirmed that farm, wholesale and retail prices are co-integrated in the long-run. A causality test revealed that prices were found to be at wholesale levels for both the upstream and downstream markets. The asymmetry error correction model (ECM) has discovered short-run and long-run asymmetry in price transmission in the vertical supply chain where both producers and consumers were being affected due to positive and negative asymmetry. Threshold autoregressive (TAR) and momentum threshold autoregressive (M-TAR) models have confirmed threshold co-integration as well as threshold effect on asymmetry in price transmission. The results highlight the inevitability of policy implementations and increased public interventions to reduce asymmetry for engendering greater pricing efficiency in Bangladesh rice markets.
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Li, Xinning, Kun Fan, Lu Wang, and Lang Zhou. "Supply chain coordination of biomass moulding fuel under random supply and cyclical demand." Forestry Economics Review 1, no. 1 (April 15, 2019): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fer-03-2019-0003.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to design a contract to coordinate the biomass molding fuel supply chain consisting of a supplier with uncertain supply and a producer with cyclical demand as well as improve the profit of this supply chain. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the supply chain model was build and all the variables and assumptions are set. Stackelberg game model was used to analyze and solve the problem. Furthermore, the authors give numerical examples and result analysis on the basis of data coming from field study and online information about a real biomass fuel supply chain. Findings The wholesale price with shortage penalty contract the authors proposed can coordinate the supply chain. And as the dominator of the supply chain, the producer can realize the redistribution of profits within the supply chain by determine the contract parameters. Research limitations/implications This one-to-one supply chain is a basic of complex supply chain system. Multi-to-one, one-to-multi and multi-to-multi supply chain can be studied in the future. Originality/value The results obtained in this paper can be used as a reference for enterprises in biomass energy supply chain to make contracts and realize the long-term co-operations among supply chain members.
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Purvis, Martin. "Stocking the Store: Co-operative Retailers in North–East England and Systems of Wholesale Supply circa 1860–77." Business History 40, no. 4 (October 1998): 55–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00076799800000338.

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Li, Haiyan, Xingzheng Ai, Han Song, Yi He, Xue Zeng, and Jiafu Su. "Policy of Government Subsidy for Supply Chain with Poverty Alleviation." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (October 7, 2022): 12808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912808.

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Government subsidy is a common practice in poverty alleviation. We used game theory and the mathematical model of operations management to investigate the efficiency of subsidy with different poverty scales when the firm owns the decision power of the wholesale price. Comparative analysis of the equilibrium solutions demonstrated the following results: Exclusive subsidy has a significant effect on the payoff of the poor farmer, but the dilemma is that the increase in the payoff of the poor farmer is against the payoff decrease of the regular farmer. Sharing subsidy has a counterbalancing effect on the payoff of the poor and regular farmers. Co-subsidy is the best for consumer surplus and social welfare, but it has little effect on improving the poor farmer’s payoff. Generally, when the poor farmers are in the majority, sharing subsidies or co-subsidy is more reasonable than exclusive subsidy. When the poor farmers are in the minority, exclusive or sharing subsidies will be more economical for the government than co-subsidy. Our research helps the government recognize that spending more money may achieve a poor result in poverty alleviation and help the firm realize that it is better to give more subsidies to the poor farmer than to itself. The highlights of the paper are as follows. Firstly, our work provides a new perspective in supply chain operations management with poverty alleviation by considering the participation of the poor and regular farmers together; secondly, the poverty scale is introduced into the mathematical model; thirdly, we pay attention to the impact of government subsidy to enterprise on the payoff of the poor farmer.
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Sadiq, Mohammed Sanusi, Musa Ahmad Isah, Sanni Ozomata Abdullahi, and Aishat Ammani Aliyu. "Assessment of the Agro-Input Supply Sector in Kogi State, Nigeria." Journal of Agri-Food Science and Technology 3, no. 1 (August 26, 2022): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/jafost.v3i1.6212.

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Most farmers are experiencing challenges and constraints in accessing agricultural inputs, thus leading to poor and underutilization of agro-inputs and consequently low agricultural productivity in most part of sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to assess the agro-input supply sector in Kogi state. A total of 157 input dealers were randomly selected across the twenty-one local government areas in the state. Data were collected using well-structured questionnaire complemented with interview schedule and were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. Findings reveal that agro-chemicals, fertilizer and feed were the major inputs supplied by most of the retailers and wholesalers that hardly engage in activities that create awareness about their products. Input prices were the most important preference and consideration factor in the purchase of agro-input by customers and form the basis for competition. Casual, family and child labors that proved to be cheaper, commonly accessible and do not require signing of formal employment contract with workers dominated both the retail and wholesale sectors. Poor government support, poor business condition in addition to poor capital base, high transportation cost, price fluctuations, adulteration were the identified major constraints affecting the agripreneurs. The study recommends capacity development on new marketing strategies, registration of businesses with relevant agencies, provision of credit and financial services; formation of formidable, strong and mutual-trust co-operative societies for input supply actors so as to enhance efficiency and effectiveness of the agricultural inputs supply sector in the state.
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Books on the topic "Grange Wholesale Supply Co"

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Nicholls, Alex, and Benjamin Huybrechts. Fair Trade and Co-operatives. Edited by Jonathan Michie, Joseph R. Blasi, and Carlo Borzaga. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199684977.013.33.

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This chapter outlines the history of the Fair Trade movement, and discusses several key issues and challenges it faces. It then explores the relationship between Fair Trade and the co-operative and mutual movement, considering the close connection between the two, both in terms of producer groups and of wholesale organizations. Both share key elements of participation and empowerment and pay careful attention to economic development and fair governance. The development of Fair Trade globally is then examined, and some of its wider impacts, such as fairer supply chain practices, are explored. The authors conclude by affirming that Fair Trade is more than just a re-actualization of the co-operative idea
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Book chapters on the topic "Grange Wholesale Supply Co"

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Tambo, Torben, and Ole Egebjerg Mikkelsen. "Fashion Supply Chain Optimization." In Designing and Implementing Global Supply Chain Management, 1–21. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9720-1.ch001.

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In global, short-life-cycle supply chains, the Make-to-Order (MTO) principle of purchasing is dominant in securing the match between customers' commitment and ordered goods. Risk can be addressed by linking knowledge on inbound logistics to the market by use of e-business solutions. This chapter describes a multi-method approach using both traditional B2B and B2C methods of sales initiatives as an e-business system connecting inbound and outbound supply chains. Initiatives can be reverse auctions, time limited discounts, co-selling, bundling, short campaigns supported with letters, e-mails, giveaways, discount schemes, and payment conditions. Interlinking is to secure full transparency at any given point in time. The discussed solution has the potential of diverting goods to retailers instead of warehouses with the probable effect of increasing revenue of both wholesale and retail with 5 – 10%. Concurrently, the attention created from selling on-ship creates side effects like higher store replenishment rate and attracts frequent shoppers interested in continuously new offerings.
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"Stocking the Store: Co-operative Retailers in North-East England and Systems of wholesale Supply, Circa 1860-77: Martin Purvis." In The Emergence of Modern Retailing 1750-1950, 60–83. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203061800-7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Grange Wholesale Supply Co"

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Lubega, William, Apoorva Santhosh, Amro M. Farid, and Kamal Youcef-Toumi. "An Integrated Energy and Water Market for the Supply Side of the Energy-Water Nexus in the Engineered Infrastructure." In ASME 2014 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2014-32075.

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In regions that utilize thermal desalination as part of their water supply portfolio, the cogeneration of water and power in cogeneration desalination plants couples the supply sides of the electricity and water grids. For a fixed plant design, there is a limited range of ratios of generated electric power to produced water at any given time. Due to this coupling, electricity and water require co-optimization. In an environment in which electricity supply is determined by deregulated wholesale markets, this need for co-optimization suggests a need for integrated electricity and water markets. In this market, independent power producers, independent water producers and independent cogeneration plants would submit bids to satisfy demand over a time horizon to a clearing mechanism, indicating relevant physical constraints. The mechanism would then optimize supply of both electricity and water over the time horizon of interest. Recently, a simultaneous co-optimization method has been contributed for the economic dispatch of networks that include water, power and cogeneration facilities in such an integrated market. This paper builds upon this foundation with the introduction of the corresponding unit commitment problem.
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