Academic literature on the topic 'Grande dimension (effective)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Grande dimension (effective)"
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Gesser, Ana Carolina, Raquel Krapp do Nascimento, Juliana Regina Silva Guimarães, Jorge Both, and Alexandra Folle. "Satisfação no trabalho de professores de educação física da educação básica da Grande Florianópolis (Brasil)." Caderno de Educação Física e Esporte 17, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.36453/2318-5104.2019.v17.n1.p159.
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Objetivo: Analisar a satisfação no trabalho, considerando o vínculo empregatício, o tempo de serviço na rede estadual de ensino e os ciclos de desenvolvimento profissional, de professores de Educação Física. Métodos: A amostra foi constituída por 140 docentes vinculados à Coordenadoria Regional de Educação da Grande Florianópolis, Brasil. Na coleta de dados, utilizou-se a Escala de Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho Percebida por Professores de Educação Física do Ensino Fundamental e Médio e um questionário sociodemográfico. No tratamento estatístico, empregou-se análise descritiva (frequência relativa e absoluta, mediana, primeiro e terceiro quartil) e inferencial (Qui-quadrado para grupo único com referência de 50,0% para os grupos e teste Prova U de Mann-Whitney). Resultados: As informações obtidas revelaram que, na dimensão condições de trabalho, os professores efetivos se encontravam mais insatisfeitos. Além disso, na dimensão trabalho e espaço total de vida os professores com quatro a 10 anos de atuação na rede de ensino se mostraram insatisfeitos, enquanto docentes com 11 anos ou mais de atuação estavam satisfeitos. Os ciclos de desenvolvimento profissional não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas em relação às dimensões da satisfação no trabalho. Conclusão: A satisfação no trabalho de professores de Educação Física está associada ao vínculo empregatício e ao tempo de serviço na rede estadual, mas não está associada aos ciclos de desenvolvimento profissional docente.ABSTRACT. Job satisfaction of physical education teachers of basic education in the Metropolitan region of Florianópolis (Brazil). Objective: to analyze the job satisfaction, considering the employment bond, the time of service in the state education network and the cycles of professional development, of Physical Education teachers. Methods: the sample consisted of 140 teachers linked to the Regional Education Coordination in the Metropolitan region of Florianópolis, Brazil. Data collection, we used the Quality of Life at Work Perceived for Physical Education Teachers of Elementary and Secondary Teaching and a sociodemographic questionnaire. In the statistical treatment, descriptive analysis (relative and absolute frequency, median, first and third quartile) and inferential (Chi-square for single group with reference of 50.0% for groups and Mann-Whitney test U test). Results: the information obtained showed that, in terms of working conditions, effective teachers were more dissatisfied. Moreover, in the work dimension and total living space, teachers with four to 10 years of teaching activity were dissatisfied, while teachers with 11 years or more of work were satisfied. The professional development cycles did not present statistical differences in relation to the dimensions of job satisfaction. Conclusion: the job satisfaction of Physical Education teachers is associated with employment and length of service in the state, but is not associated with teacher professional development cycles.
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Laghi, Roberto. "Fiction, Science, Journalism: Hybrid Narrative Paths for Our Challenging Present." Cadernos de Literatura Comparada, no. 44 (2021): 239–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/2183-2242/cad44a14.
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In this article I will explore the hypothesis that hybrid narrative forms (consisting of journalism, fiction and scientific knowledge) can be more effective in the task of narrating the present of the so-called Anthropocene, marked by the climate crisis and the consequences of neoliberal politics. As a first and fundamental step, I underline the need for a critical work on the language that dominates our societies, through the analysis of Personne ne sort les fusils by Sandra Lucbert. I then briefly consider the role that scientific information and its popularization can play in the hybridization of narrative forms, taking as an example the short story by Ted Chiang “The Evolution of Human Science”. I conclude by analysing Storie della grande estinzione by the Italian collective author TINA, which, with its coexisting different forms of fiction, essay, popular science and critical theory, is not only a clear example of this hybridization but also provides an important mythopoetic dimension based on these same forms.
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Üstaş, Murat, and Ramazan Sağ. "Investigation of 8th Grade Students’ Mathematics Anxiety." Uluslararası Eğitim Programları ve Öğretim Çalışmaları Dergisi 11, no. 2 (December 26, 2021): 195–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.31704/ijocis.2021.010.
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The aim of this research study is to determine how students define their anxiety about learning mathematics, to determine the symptoms of anxiety and to define how anxiety occurs. The phenomenology research design was used in the study. A semi-structured interview form was used as a data collection tool in the research. The data were analyzed through the content analysis. The study group of the research consists of four male and four female 8th graders in two public secondary schools in Uluborlu district of Isparta. According to the results, students predominantly defined mathematics anxiety as frightening/scary. Also, students identified the symptoms of mathematics anxiety mostly as the theme of physical/physical symptoms. Students stated that sociological, psychological and philosophical dimensions were effective in the emergence of mathematical anxiety. Some students expressed common views on the sociological dimension-psychological and psychological-philosophical dimension. The effects of mathematics anxiety have been examined under two titles as the effects related to the psychological and sociological dimensions. While the effects related to the psychological dimension are discussed in terms of course achievement and effects on themselves, the effects related to the sociological dimension are discussed in terms of their effects on their relationship with their family and friends.
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Miranda, Mario De França. "EM VISTA DA NOVA EVANGELIZAÇÃO." Perspectiva Teológica 45, no. 125 (October 23, 2014): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20911/21768757v45n125p13/2013.
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RESUMO: Na introdução, este artigo procura explicitar a expressão "nova evangelização" demonstrando seu sentido e sua necessidade em nossos dias. Em seguida aborda, numa escolha pessoal, três temas fundamentais para que ela realmente possa ser eficaz. O primeiro diz respeito à problemática transmissão da fé para as gerações mais jovens, enfatizando então a importância da experiência pessoal de fé. O segundo tema trata da conversão ao explicar seu sentido no Novo Testamento, suas diversas modalidades e, sobretudo, sua necessidade hoje. O último tema procura resgatar o núcleo existencial e místico da fé cristã, em parte esquecido na tradição latina mais voltada para o doutrinai e o canônico, mas de grande urgência hoje.ABSTRACT: The introduction to this article seeks to clarify the expression "new evangelization" demonstrating its sense and its necessity in our days. Next the article discusses, in a personal choice, three fimdamental themes that can enable it to be truly effective. The first concems the problematic transmission of the faith to the younger generations, emphasizing the importance of the personal experience of faith. The second theme concems the conversion to explain its meaning in the Nev^ Testament, its various modalities and above ali its necessity today. The last theme seeks to recapture the existential and mystical core of the Christian faith, partly forgotten in Latin tradition which is more oriented toward the doctrinal and the canonical dimension, but of great urgency today.
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Hibbert, Neil. "Citizenship and the Welfare State: A Critique of David Miller's Theory of Nationality." Canadian Journal of Political Science 41, no. 1 (March 2008): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423908080141.
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Abstract.For much of the post-war period of welfare state formation, T.H. Marshall's idea of shared entitlement to universal social rights of citizenship formed the theoretical foundations of social democratic political reforms and legitimacy. This approach has been updated by contemporary egalitarian theorists, such as John Rawls. The ongoing politics of restructuring have led to a growing number of arguments against the motivational capacity of an institutional account of social unity. This paper examines a particular argument against rights-based citizenship—David Miller's theory of nationality. Miller argues that “pure” citizenship rests on self-interest, and thus when differences in risk are explicit it can only legitimate minimal redistribution. Strong welfare states require pre-political ties and must be embedded in the ethical relations of shared nationality. Against Miller's position, it is advanced that shared citizenship has both effective motivational and moral dimensions. It can also address the problems the nationality thesis faces in reconciling its account of motivation with the moral diversity that is constitutive of pluralist societies.Résumé.Dans l'après-guerre, au moment de la formation des Etats-providence, la mise en place et la justification des politiques social-démocrates s'appuyèrent en grande majorité sur la théorie de T.H. Marshall à propos du rôle joué par les droits sociaux dans l'intégration civique. Cette approche a été actualisée par des théoriciens égalitariens tels que John Rawls. Les politiques actuelles de restructuration de l'Etat-providence ont provoqué la multiplication d'un certain type de critiques soulignant les insuffisances de cette approche institutionnelle du lien social en termes de ressources motivationnelles. Cet article examine l'une ces critiques, formulée par David Miller dans sa théorie sur la nationalité. Miller soutient que la citoyenneté “pure” repose sur l'intérêt personnel et qu'elle ne peut justifier qu'une redistribution minimale, lorsque les différences engagées sont manifestes. Pour affirmer leur autorité, les Etats-providence ont besoin d'être fondés sur des liens prépolitiques et soutenus par les rapports de solidarité d'une nationalité commune. A l'encontre de la position défendue par Miller, on avancera que la citoyenneté possède de façon effective une dimension qui est à la fois morale et motivationnelle. En outre, elle est à même d'affronter les problèmes que soulève la thèse sur la nationalité, en réconciliant sa conception de la motivation avec la diversité morale inhérente aux sociétés pluralistes.
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Conceição, Calidon Costa, Francisco Antonio Dos Anjos, and Sara Joana Gadotti dos Anjos. "Power Relationship in the Governance of Regional Tourism Organizations in Brazil." Sustainability 11, no. 11 (May 30, 2019): 3062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11113062.
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Objective: The development of tourism is one the main objectives of managers seeking a greater competitive advantage for destinations. To achieve this objective, the political-institutional structure related to public and private organizations involved in the Brazilian scenario of tourism activities deliberately operate in the format of Regional Tourism Organizations—RTOs, which started in 2004. In this context, the aim of this study arose, which is to analyze the power relations of Regional Tourism Organizations of tourist regions. Design/Methodology: This research adopted a qualitative and quantitative approach, with data collection through documents, laws, reports and information about the RTOs and questionnaires in forms applied to 27 representatives of the public sector, 14 representatives of private sector and six representatives of the third sector, from a total population of 89 active members of the Regional Tourism Organizations: Costa Verde e Mar (state of Santa Catarina), Hortênsias (state of Rio Grande do Sul), and Costa das Dunas (state of Rio Grande do Norte). During the application of the forms, interviews were carried out, totaling 47 interviews with members of the RTOs. Quantitative analyses were generated by mean, mode, absolute and relative frequencies, multiple responses and dispersion graph, with the use of descriptive analyses. The qualitative analyses involving documents were descriptive, and those involving oral information were carried out using analysis of content of Bardin (1977). The different methods that were used in an interrelated manner and helped in the analysis of the data coming from the application of forms (quantitative), official documents (laws/decrees, regulations and statutes), and interviews with actors of the regional tourism organizations (qualitative), enabled the measurement of the effectiveness of the process of management of RTOs in relation to the dimension Power Relationship and the variables analyzed Representativeness, Harmony, Trust and Decision-Making Power. Results: As a result, it was seen that the regional tourism organizations of the tourist regions operate in an effective manner in the public or private sectors and that they involve the management of shared practices by the regional tourism organizations in the destinations studied in terms of representativeness, harmony, trust and decision-making power. Novelty/Value: This research theoretically deepened for the academy the theme of regional governance and power relationship between public and private actors in tourism who are important for the competitive performance of a tourist destination. It also analyzes how the management and governance of regional tourism organizations behaves in terms of power relationships.
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Dornhoff, Maximilian, Annelie Hörnschemeyer, and Florian Fiebelkorn. "Students’ Conceptions of Sustainable Nutrition." Sustainability 12, no. 13 (June 28, 2020): 5242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12135242.
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In Education for Sustainable Development, the topic of sustainable nutrition offers an excellent learning topic as it combines the five dimensions of health, environment, economy, society, and culture, unlike most topics with a regional-global scope. The identification of existing students’ conceptions of this topic is important for the development of effective teaching and learning arrangements. This study aimed to understand students’ conceptions of sustainable nutrition and the relevance that students attribute to the five dimensions. For this purpose, we conducted semi-structured individual interviews with 10th-grade students at secondary schools in Germany (n = 46; female = 47.8%; MAge = 15.59, SD = 0.78). We found that the health dimension prevailed in students’ conceptions of sustainable nutrition; however, the more dimensions the students considered, the less importance was attached to the health dimension. The ecological dimension, in turn, became more prominent as the students’ conceptions became more elaborate. Many students neglected the social, economic, and especially the cultural dimensions. Furthermore, alternative conceptions of the terminology of sustainable nutrition, which did not correspond to the scientific concept, were identified. Students had difficulties linking the ecological, social, economic, and cultural dimensions to sustainable nutrition due to a predominant egocentric perspective on nutrition, which primarily entails focusing on one’s own body.
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Shen, Shuhao. "Constructive View of Mathematics Learning: Mind Map as an Effective Tool for Error Management in Elementary Mathematics Classroom." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 30 (April 19, 2024): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/execab98.
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In China, a large number of studies have investigated the impact of error management on academic performance, but there are few studies using mind mapping as a tool for error management. The present study explores the practice between error management methods adopted by students and students' error management metacognition and math achievement. Participants were 300 Grade 5 and 6 students from three schools in Zhejiang, China. In this study, a error management metacognitive questionnaire is used to collect data. The questionnaire was divided into 7 dimensions: concept, attitude, behavior, strategy, motivation, communication and atmosphere. According to the score of the questionnaire, the 50 students with the highest score are classified as high group, and the 50 students with the lowest score are classified as low group. The results showed that the two groups of students had little difference in the two dimensions of concept and attitude, and the other five dimensions were significantly different. Among them, the learning strategy dimension has the biggest difference in results. The use of mind mapping can effectively help students internalize knowledge, actively complete the construction of knowledge system, and promote the learning communication among students.
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Lewis, Amber L. "The Practical Implications of A Minimum Machine Translation Unit." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 43, no. 2 (January 1, 1997): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.43.2.05lew.
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Abstract A great deal of speculation dominates the translation industry with regard to the effectiveness of (MT) Machine Translation, or translation software. This project investigates the conclusions of Bennet (1994) about the size of the UT (unit of translation), based on the raw translations of a sample text as produced by four competitive PC programs. These programs are all transfer systems, which employ a minimum UT, such as a single noun phrase. The sample text is an authentic business correspondence text. A linguistic analysis of the four translations is performed. Results of the analysis show that numerous errors are committed which require the intervention of the professional translator. This research concludes that, for this type of text, a transfer system is not cost-effective because it will still require extensive human editing. The semantic errors particularly demonstrate the need to emphasize research towards the development of translation software which incorporates a larger UT. Résumé L'industrie de la traduction est soumise à de nombreuses spéculations en ce qui concerne l'efficacité de la traduction informatisée (TI) ou des logiciels de traduction. Dans cet article, l'auteur examine les conclusions de Bennet (1994) concernant la dimension de l'unité de traduction (UT), basée sur les traductions brutes d'un texte servant d'échantillons et produites par quatre programmes concurrentiels sur PC. Tous ces programmes sont des systèmes de tranfert qui emploient une UT minimum, par exemple une phrase nominale simple. Le texte d'échantillon est une lettre commerciale existante. Les quatre traductions obtenues sont soumises à une analyse linguistique, dont les résultats indiquent plusieurs erreurs exigeant l'intervention d'un traducteur professionnel. Cette étude permet de conclure que pour ce genre de textes, les systèmes de tranfert ne sont pas rentables du point de vue du coût puisqu'ils doivent être corrigés par une personne. Les erreurs sémantiques en particulier rélèvent le besoin de développer des logiciels capables d'incorporer une plus grande UT.
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Yalgin, Sinem, Kemal Akkan Batman, and Mert Bastas. "DEVELOPING AN ATTITUDE SCALE TOWARDS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COURSES: A STUDY OF VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY." Journal of Baltic Science Education 22, no. 4 (August 25, 2023): 641–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/jbse/23.22.641.
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Science education in primary school is critical for establishing a comprehensive understanding of the nature of science. Students with positive attitudes towards science courses are more likely to achieve academic success. Measuring and fostering positive attitudes is essential for effective instructional planning. This study aimed to develop a measurable scale to assess the attitudes of fourth-grade elementary school students in Northern Cyprus towards Science and Technology Courses (STC). While developing the Student Science and Technology Attitude Scale (SSTAS), the literature was reviewed, and 168 students were asked to write essays about STC. A pool of attitude items was created by analyzing the literature and essays, and expert opinions were sought. The preliminary scale was prepared based on expert consultation. The study group included 651 randomly selected fourth-grade students during the 2020-2021 academic year. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted to determine SSTAS's construct validity. The results indicated that the scale is valid and reliable, comprising three dimensions. The first dimension measures students' attitudes towards the teaching process, with 13 items. The second dimension assesses students' negative attitudes, including five items. The third dimension evaluates students' attitudes towards experiments, containing five items. Keywords: science and technology lesson, attitude toward science and technology courses, attitude scale development
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Grande dimension (effective)"
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Fermanian, Jean-Baptiste. "High dimensional multiple means estimation and testing with applications to machine learning." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASM035.
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Nous étudions dans cette thèse l'influence de la grande dimension dans des problèmes de test et d'estimation. Notre analyse porte sur la dépendance en la dimension de la vitesse de séparation d'un test de proximité et du risque quadratique de l'estimation multiples de vecteurs. Nous complétons les résultats existants en étudiant ces dépendances dans le cas de distributions non isotropes. Pour de telles distributions, le rôle de la dimension est alors joué par des notions de dimension effective définies à partir de la covariance des distributions. Ce cadre permet d'englober des données de dimension infinie comme le kernel mean embedding, outil de machine learning que nous chercherons à estimer. A l'aide de cette analyse, nous construisons des méthodes d'estimation simultanée de vecteurs moyennes de différentes distributions à partir d'échantillons indépendants de chacune. Ces estimateurs ont de meilleures performances théorique et pratique relativement aux moyennes empiriques, en particulier dans des situations défavorables où la dimension (effective) est grande. Ces méthodes utilisent explicitement ou implicitement la relative facilité du test par rapport à l'estimation. Elles reposent sur la construction d'estimateurs de distances et de moments de la covariance pour lesquels nous fournissons des bornes de concentration non asymptotiques. Un intérêt particulier est porté à l'étude de données bornées pour lesquels une analyse spécifique est nécessaire. Nos méthodes sont accompagnées d'une analyse minimax justifiant leur optimalité. Dans une dernière partie, nous proposons une interprétation du mécanisme d'attention utilisé dans les réseaux de neurones Transformers comme un problème d'estimation multiple de vecteurs. Dans un cadre simplifié, ce mécanisme partage des idées similaires avec nos approches et nous mettons en évidence son effet de débruitage en grande dimensionIn this thesis, we study the influence of high dimension in testing and estimation problems. We analyze the dimension dependence of the separation rate of a closeness test and of the quadratic risk of multiple vector estimation. We complement existing results by studying these dependencies in the case of non-isotropic distributions. For such distributions, the role of dimension is played by notions of effective dimension defined from the covariance of the distributions. This framework covers infinite-dimensional data such as kernel mean embedding, a machine learning tool we will be seeking to estimate. Using this analysis, we construct methods for simultaneously estimating mean vectors of different distributions from independent samples of each. These estimators perform better theoretically and practically than the empirical mean in unfavorable situations where the (effective) dimension is large. These methods make explicit or implicit use of the relative ease of testing compared with estimation. They are based on the construction of estimators of distances and moments of covariance, for which we provide non-asymptotic concentration bounds. Particular interest is given to the study of bounded data, for which a specific analysis is required. Our methods are accompanied by a minimax analysis justifying their optimality. In a final section, we propose an interpretation of the attention mechanism used in Transformer neural networks as a multiple vector estimation problem. In a simplified framework, this mechanism shares similar ideas with our approaches, and we highlight its denoising effect in high dimension
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Riad, Stella. "Studies of effective theories beyond the Standard Model." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Teoretisk partikelfysik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-154048.
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The vast majority of all experimental results in particle physics can be described by the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. However, neither the existence of neutrino masses nor the mixing in the leptonic sector, which have been observed, can be described within this model. In fact, the model only describes a fraction of the known energy in the Universe. Thus, we know there must exist a theory beyond the SM. There is a plethora of possible candidates for such a model, such as supersymmetry, extra dimensional theories, and string theory. So far, there are no evidence in favor of these models. These theories often reside at high energies, and will therefore be manifest as effective theories at the low energies experienced here on Earth. A first example in extra-dimensional theories. From our four-dimensional point of view, particles which propagate through the extra dimensions will effectivel be perceived as towers of heavy particles. In this thesis we consider an extra-dimensional model with universal extra dimensions, where all SM particles are allowed to propagate through the extra dimensions. Especially, we place a bound on the range of validity for this model. We study the renormalization group running of the leptonic parameters as well as the Higgs self-coupling in this model with the neutrino masses generated by a Weinberg operator. Grand unified theories, where the gauge couplings of the SM are unified into a single oe at some high energy scale, are motivated by the electroweak unification. The unification must necessarily take place at energies many orders of magnitude greater than those that ever can be achieved on Earth. In order to make sense of the theoru, ehich is given at the grand unified scale, at the electroweak scale, the symmetry at the grand unified scale is broken down to the SM symmetry. Within these models the SM is considered as an effective field theory. We study renormalization group running of the leptonic parameters in a non-supersymmetric SO(10) model which is broken in two steps via the Pati-Salam group. Finally, the discovery of the new boson at the LHC provides a new opportunity to search for physics beyond the SM. We consider an effective model where the magnitudes of the couplings in the Higgs sector are scaled by so-called coupling scale factors. We perform Bayesian parameter inference based on the LHC data. Furthermore, we perform Bayesian model comparison, comparing models where one or several of the Higgs couplings are allowed, to the SM, where the couplings are fixed.QC 20141020
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Riad, Stella. "Phenomenology of neutrino properties, unification, and Higgs couplings beyond the Standard Model." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Teoretisk partikelfysik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-202311.
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The vast majority of experiments in particle physics can be described by the Standard Model of particle physics (SM). However, there are indications for physics beyond it. The only experimentally demonstrated problem of the model is the difficulty to describe neutrino masses and leptonic mixing. There is a plethora of models that try to describe these phenomena and this thesis investigates several possibilities for new models, both full theories and effective frameworks. The values of the parameters in a model are dependent on the energy scale and we say that the parameters run. The exact behavior of the running depends on the model and it provides a signature of the model. For a model defined at high energies it is necessary to run the parameters down to the electroweak scale in order to perform a comparison to the known values of observed quantities. In this thesis, we discuss renormalization group running in the context of extra dimensions and we provide an upper limit on the cutoff scale. We perform renormalization group running in two versions of a non-supersymmetric SO(10) model and we show that the SM parameters can be accommodated in both versions. In addition, we perform the running for the gauge couplings in a large set of radiative neutrino mass models and conclude that unification is possible in some of them. The Higgs boson provides new possibilities to study physics beyond the SM. Its properties have to be tested with extremely high precision before it could be established whether the particle is truly the SM Higgs boson or not. In this thesis, we perform Bayesian parameter inference and model comparison. For models where the magnitude of the Higgs couplings is varied, we show that the SM is favored in comparison to all other models. Furthermore, we discuss lepton flavor violating processes in the context of the Zee model. We find that these can be sizeable and close to the experimental limits.QC 20170221
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Llodra-Perez, Jérémie. "Modèles effectifs de nouvelle physique au Large Hadron Collider." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00610216.
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Grâce à l'exploitation du Large Hadron Collider, débutée en 2010, le monde de la physique des particules espère enfin avoir une compréhension plus précise du mécanisme de brisure de la symétrie électrofaible et résoudre certaines questions expérimentales et théoriques que soulèvent encore le modèle standard. S'inscrivant dans cette effervescence scientifique, nous allons présenter dans ce manuscrit une paramétrisation largement indépendante des modèles afin de caractériser les effets d'une éventuelle nouvelle physique sur les mécanismes de production et de désintégration du bosons de Higgs. Ce nouvel outil pourra aisément être utilisé dans les analyses des grandes expériences généralistes comme CMS et ATLAS afin de valider ou d'exclure de manière significative certaines théories au delà du modèle standard. Ensuite, dans une approche différente, fondée sur la construction de modèles, nous avons considéré un scenario où les champs du modèle standard peuvent se propager dans un espace plat possédant six dimensions. Les nouvelles directions spatiales supplémentaires sont compactifiées sur un Plan Projectif Réel. Cet orbifold original est l'unique géométrie à six dimensions qui présente des fermions chiraux et un candidat de matière noire dit naturel. Le photon scalaire, particule la plus légère du premier mode de Kaluza-Klein, est en effet stabilisé par une symétrie résiduelle de l'invariance de Lorentz à six dimensions. En utilisant les contraintes actuelles fournies par les observations cosmologiques, nous avons déterminé l'ordre de grandeur de la masse de cette particule aux alentours d'une centaine de GeV. De ce fait les nouveaux états présents dans cette théorie sont suffisamment légers pour produire des signatures claires et observables au Large Hadron Collider. Avec une étude plus poussée du spectre de masses et des couplages du modèle, incluant les corrections radiatives à une boucle, nous avons pu ainsi donner les premières prédictions et contraintes sur la phénoménologie attendue au Large Hadron Collider.
Books on the topic "Grande dimension (effective)"
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Forst, Rainer. On the Concept of a Justification Narrative. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798873.003.0004.
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This chapter examines the concept of a justification narrative. Such a concept serves as a heuristic device to connect the normative dimension of justification that aims at rational persuasion with the dimension of socially effective justifications which are recognized and practiced by those involved as persuasive and are constituted by their respective experiences and expectations. Justification narratives are regarded as embodiments of contextual rationality. In them, images, individual stories, rituals, facts, and myths are condensed into powerful grand narratives that serve as a resource for generating a sense of order. Insofar as normative orders are framed in narratives, they have a special binding power and authority; they acquire historical significance and at the same time the emotional power to inspire identification.
Book chapters on the topic "Grande dimension (effective)"
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Zhang, Han, Qing Li, and Xin Yao. "Knowledge-Guided Optimization for Complex Vehicle Routing with 3D Loading Constraints." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 133–48. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-70055-2_9.
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AbstractThe split delivery vehicle routing problem with three-dimensional loading constraints (3L-SDVRP) intertwines complex routing and packing challenges. The current study addresses 3L-SDVRP using intelligent optimization algorithms, which iteratively evolve towards optimal solutions. A pivotal aspect of these algorithms is search operators that determine the search direction and the search step size. Effective operators significantly improve algorithmic performance. Traditional operators like swap, shift, and 2-opt fall short in complex scenarios like 3L-SDVRP, mainly due to their limited capacity to leverage domain knowledge. Additionally, the search step size is crucial: smaller steps enhance fine-grained search (exploitation), while larger steps facilitate exploring new areas (exploration). However, optimally balancing these step sizes remains an unresolved issue in 3L-SDVRP. To address this, we introduce an adaptive knowledge-guided insertion (AKI) operator. This innovative operator uses node distribution characteristics for adaptive node insertion, enhancing search abilities through domain knowledge integration and larger step sizes. Integrating AKI with the local search framework, we develop an adaptive knowledge-guided search (AKS) algorithm, which effectively balances exploitation and exploration by combining traditional neighbourhood operators for detailed searches with the AKI operator for broader exploration. Our experiments demonstrate that the AKS algorithm significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art method in solving various 3L-SDVRP instances.
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Yu, Jiang, Haifeng Xu, and Weiyun Zhang. "Comfort Behavior of High Performance Floor Based on Single-Jump Excitation Mode Considering Time–Space Effect." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 19–34. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2532-2_3.
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AbstractBecause the traditional analysis methods cannot directly describe the comfort behavior of high performance floor through the dimensions of time and space, this paper presents a new method to derive Dirac delta functions and governing differential equations to assess its comfort behavior. On the basis of this, an improved single-jump excitation model is proposed for comfort behavior analysis. In addition, the paper analyzes distribution characteristic of sensitive parameters for the high performance floor. The results show that the peak acceleration is concentrated in the middle of the high performance floor, and then the acceleration response gradually weakened to the two sides, and its degree of weakening is greater along the two corners of the floor model from its spatial and temporal distribution characteristics. In future, it is recommended to change the strength grade of concrete materials to improve its comfort behaviors. The study also demonstrates the strong applicability of improved single-jump excitation model as an effective approach to analyzing the comfort behavior of high performance floor.
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Sadeque, Junaid, and Ryan C. Samuels. "The Application of Sequence Stratigraphy to the Investigation and Remediation of LNAPL-Contaminated Sites." In Advances in the Characterisation and Remediation of Sites Contaminated with Petroleum Hydrocarbons, 63–111. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34447-3_4.
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AbstractThe heterogenous and complex nature of soil and groundwater systems leads to significant technical challenges in remediating Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (LNAPL) contamination and achieving cleanup goals within reasonable timeframes. Therefore, implementing a correlation approach that adequately addresses subsurface heterogeneity between sampling locations is critical for effective management of LNAPL-contaminated sites. In traditional LNAPL remedial investigations in clastic environments, correlation has typically been conducted using ‘lithostratigraphy’, which connects like-lithologies without recognizing the heterogeneity of subsurface sediments between boreholes. The resulting ‘layer cake’ stratigraphy of the subsurface is often too simplistic and inadequate for developing effective remedial strategies. In contrast, the sequence stratigraphic approach (supported by facies analysis) provides a more realistic subsurface correlation based on the predictable distribution of sediments in different depositional environments. The three-dimensional geologic framework derived from sequence stratigraphy can be used to map the heterogeneity between coarse- and fine-grained units across multiple scales and beyond the existing site data set. Moreover, this framework can be integrated with site hydrologic and chemical data to identify sediments with high- and low-fluid transmissive properties. This chapter demonstrates how a sequence-stratigraphy-based conceptual site model can be used to identify preferential LNAPL migration pathways and inform effective remedial decision-making.
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Fabbricatore, Rosa, and Francesco Palumbo. "Clustering students according to their proficiency: a comparison between different approaches based on item response theory models." In Proceedings e report, 43–48. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-461-8.09.
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Evaluating learners' competencies is a crucial concern in education, and home and classroom structured tests represent an effective assessment tool. Structured tests consist of sets of items that can refer to several abilities or more than one topic. Several statistical approaches allow evaluating students considering the items in a multidimensional way, accounting for their structure. According to the evaluation's ending aim, the assessment process assigns a final grade to each student or clusters students in homogeneous groups according to their level of mastery and ability. The latter represents a helpful tool for developing tailored recommendations and remediations for each group. At this aim, latent class models represent a reference. In the item response theory (IRT) paradigm, the multidimensional latent class IRT models, releasing both the traditional constraints of unidimensionality and continuous nature of the latent trait, allow to detect sub-populations of homogeneous students according to their proficiency level also accounting for the multidimensional nature of their ability. Moreover, the semi-parametric formulation leads to several advantages in practice: It avoids normality assumptions that may not hold and reduces the computation demanding. This study compares the results of the multidimensional latent class IRT models with those obtained by a two-step procedure, which consists of firstly modeling a multidimensional IRT model to estimate students' ability and then applying a clustering algorithm to classify students accordingly. Regarding the latter, parametric and non-parametric approaches were considered. Data refer to the admission test for the degree course in psychology exploited in 2014 at the University of Naples Federico II. Students involved were N=944, and their ability dimensions were defined according to the domains assessed by the entrance exam, namely Humanities, Reading and Comprehension, Mathematics, Science, and English. In particular, a multidimensional two-parameter logistic IRT model for dichotomously-scored items was considered for students' ability estimation.
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Donovan, Carol A., Candace E. C. O'Brien, and Sloane C. Donovan. "Children's Information Report Writing Across the First-Grade Year." In Handbook of Research on Writing Instruction Practices for Equitable and Effective Teaching, 173–93. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3745-2.ch009.
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In this chapter, the authors present findings from a subset of data from a larger study to consider spelling development, as well as the development of one particular genre, the information report. The teacher's role in supporting the development of spelling and genre knowledge in early writing is also considered. The authors begin with a review of related literature with specific attention to what is known about how young children develop genre knowledge, spelling, and to a lesser degree, other concepts. The authors then describe a study of first-grade students' information report writing across the year from August to May, with a particular focus on their control of genre knowledge and spelling. The chapter ends with implications for teachers and how they might support young authors across these dimensions.
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Sciullo, Alessandro, and Sylvie Occelli. "A Territorial Dimension Can Be Useful for Managing Long-Term Regional Road Safety." In Spatial Planning in the Big Data Revolution, 248–67. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7927-4.ch011.
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Analysis of road crashes at the local level is necessary for targeting and implementing effective countermeasures. This chapter presents a contribution to this task. It describes the research carried out in Piedmont, Italy, where an exploratory approach has been used to link road crash data with information about the spatial characteristics of urban settlements. The analytic strategy is developed in three steps. First, fine-grained spatial data for road crashes, land use, traffic counts, and population distribution are linked by GIS methods. Second, a selection of the data is implemented at the municipality level and processed through a cluster analysis to identify territorial accident profiles. Finally, to show their analytic potential, one case study is discussed that considers road segments as main observation units.
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Ruokanen, Miikka. "Conclusion." In Trinitarian Grace in Martin Luther's The Bondage of the Will, 188–202. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192895837.003.0010.
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The present study has established a new understanding of Luther’s theological paradigm in his major work. Luther’s comprehensive understanding of the Trinitarian theology of grace, with special emphasis on Pneumatology, alongside the more obvious Christology, and together with a strong link with the theology of creation, is the fundamental thought structure of his magnum opus. The analysis has established an understanding of a three-dimensional structure of Luther’s Trinitarian doctrine of grace. Luther’s emphasis of prevenient grace and his combination of the forensic and participatory aspects of justification were his alternative to the Late Medieval doctrine of grace, which focused on the anthropological conditions for receiving God’s grace. Luther research has seen the participatory aspect (donum) as a term indicating an “effective change” in the believer; the present work shows that participation and forensic imputation (favor) belong together, enabling each other as the two complementary dimensions of the alien justice of Christ; the change, sanctification, comes as a fruit of that. Luther is a passionate defender of a radical doctrine of fully theocentric and monergistic Trinitarian grace; in order to maintain the clear principle of sola gratia, this doctrine must necessarily be Trinitarian. For Luther, this is the core of the Christian truth. The work at hand is the first piece of research revealing the centrality of Pneumatology and of the Trinitarian conception of grace, undermined in the previous research. The chapter includes a concluding encounter with Luther research. The Trinitarian doctrine of grace intensifies the ecumenical potential of Luther’s theology.
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Semeniuk, Christina A. D. "The role of conservation physiology in mitigating social-ecological traps in wildlife-provisioning tourism: a case study of feeding stingrays in the Cayman Islands." In Conservation Physiology, 125–40. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843610.003.0008.
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In feeding marine wildlife, tourists can impact animals in ways that are not immediately apparent (i.e. morbidity vs. mortality/reproductive failure). Inventorying the health status of wildlife with physiological indicators can provide crucial information on the immediate status of organisms and long-term consequences. However, because tourists are attempting to maximize their own satisfaction, encouraging the willingness to accept management regulations also requires careful consideration of the human dimensions of the system. Without such socio-ecological measures, the wildlife-tourism system may fall into a trap—a lose–lose situation where the pressure imposed by the social system (tourist expectations) has costs for the ecological system (maladaptive behaviours, health), which in turn feed back into the social system (shift in tourist typography, loss of revenue, decreased satisfaction), resulting in the demise of both systems (exhaustion). Effective selection and communication of physiological metrics of wildlife health is key to minimizing problem-causing and problem-enhancing feedbacks in social-ecological systems. This guiding principle is highlighted in the case study presented here on the socio-ecological research and management success of feeding southern stingrays (Hypanus americanus) as a marine tourism attraction at Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
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Pérez-Mercade, Juan. "Coarse-Graining, Scaling, and Hierarchies." In Nonextensive Entropy. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195159769.003.0026.
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We present a scenario that is useful for describing hierarchies within classes of many-component systems. Although this scenario may be quite general, it will be illustrated in the case of many-body systems whose space-time evolution can be described by a class of stochastic parabolic nonlinear partial differential equations. The stochastic component we will consider is in the form of additive noise, but other forms of noise such as multiplicative noise may also be incorporated. It will turn out that hierarchical behavior is only one of a class of asymptotic behaviors that can emerge when an out-of-equilibrium system is coarse grained. This phenomenology can be analyzed and described using the renormalization group (RG) [6, 15]. It corresponds to the existence of complex fixed points for the parameters characterizing the system. As is well known (see, for example, Hochberg and Perez-Mercader [8] and Onuki [12] and the references cited there), parameters such as viscosities, noise couplings, and masses evolve with scale. In other words, their values depend on the scale of resolution at which the system is observed (examined). These scaledependent parameters are called effective parameters. The evolutionary changes due to coarse graining or, equivalently, changes in system size, are analyzed using the RG and translate into differential equations for the probability distribution function [8] of the many-body system, or the n-point correlation functions and the effective parameters. Under certain conditions and for systems away from equilibrium, some of the fixed points of the equations describing the scale dependence of the effective parameters can be complex; this translates into complex anomalous dimensions for the stochastic fields and, therefore, the correlation functions of the field develop a complex piece. We will see that basic requirements such as reality of probabilities and maximal correlation lead, in the case of complex fixed points, to hierarchical behavior. This is a first step for the generalization of extensive behavior as described by real power laws to the case of complex exponents and the study of hierarchical behavior.
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DeLorraine, William F. "Metamorphism, Polydeformation, and Extensive Remobilization of the Balmat Zinc Orebodies, Northwest Adirondacks, New York." In Part I. Proterozoic Iron and Zinc Deposits of the Adirondack Mountains of New York and the New Jersey Highlands Part II. Environmental Geochemistry and Mining History of Massive Sulfide Deposits in the Vermont Copper Belt, 25–54. Society of Economic Geologists, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/gb.35.05.
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Abstract Zinc orebodies of the Balmat-Edwards-Pierrepont Zinc mining district in the northwest Adirondacks of New York State rank as near world-class deposits having nearly 40.8 million metric tonnes (Mt) of past production plus reserves grading 9.4% Zn. Orebodies occur in Mesoproterozoic siliceous dolomitic marble that was metamorphosed and polydeformed during the Grenvillian orogeny about 1.1 Ga. Remobilization of inferred syngenetic massive ore during high-grade metamorphism has been locally extensive depending on the stratigraphic unit from which a particular orebody originated. Two remobilized orebodies, the Loomis and Lower Gleason at No. 3 Mine, show clear linkage to the Upper Gleason, a massive, high-grade parent lens of ore. The extent to which ore was remobilized from the Upper Gleason has only recently been discovered. External remobilization is over 500 m laterally discordant to stratigraphy and over 2000 m in the down-plunge dimension. Daughter orebodies or remobilized daughter ore zones within orebodies are well documented elsewhere at Balmat. There also exist clearly discordant, externally remobilized, daughter ore-bodies for which the source or parent bed can be inferred but which have not yet been located. The Upper Fowler and Mud Pond orebodies are two such “orphans” whose existence depends upon a third, parent orebody hitherto unsuspected but now predicted to reside in unit 6. The extent to which ore is dissipated to tectonic slides is limited by the presence of thick, bedded anhydrite layers in the section. Tectonic slides die out in anhydrite so that sulfide migration is constrained by the impingement of faults into those strata. In the Fowler orebody, distances of remobilization less than several hundred meters are observed because the structure was encased by flowage of anhydrite very early on in its evolution, effectively sealing off any further sulfide migration. Plastic flow, and to some extent fluid-aided plastic flow, along ductile-brittle synmetamorphic faults or tectonic slides is thought to have been the dominant transport mechanism. There is a clear association between rock type and ore thickness. Ore is thicker where it follows the trends formed by the intersection of competent, silicated units with mineralized fault or tectonic slide surfaces, and thinner where following intersection trends of ductile rocks with fault surfaces. Substantial revisions are made here to the number of ore-forming cycles in the Balmat section from six or more, down to three. Evaporite deposition in the form of anhydrite is tied closely to sulfide deposition so that three “evaporite-ore” events are recognized in the Balmat section corresponding to source horizons in units 6, 11, and 14. Any ore in contact with other units in the Balmat section is “in transit” and may have been remobilized significant distances from its source bed.
Conference papers on the topic "Grande dimension (effective)"
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Zhang, Wei, Yiyu Wang, Yanli Wang, Zhili Feng, Shanshan Hu, Xingbo Liu, and Haiyang Qian. "Modeling-Based Design and Optimization of a Gradient Composite Transition Joint." In AM-EPRI 2024, 1313–19. ASM International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.am-epri-2024p1313.
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Abstract An innovative additively manufactured gradient composite transition joint (AM-GCTJ) has been designed to join dissimilar metals, to address the pressing issue of premature failure observed in conventional dissimilar metal welds (DMWs) when subjected to increased cyclic operating conditions of fossil fuel power plants. The transition design, guided by computational modeling, developed a gradient composite material distribution, facilitating a smooth transition in material volume fraction and physical properties between different alloys. This innovative design seeks to alleviate structural challenges arising from distinct material properties, including high thermal stress and potential cracking issues resulting from the thermal expansion mismatch typically observed in conventional DMWs. In this study, we investigated the creep properties of transition joints comprising Grade 91 steel and 304 stainless steel through a combination of simulations and creep testing experiments. The implementation of a gradient composite design in the plate transition joint resulted in a significant enhancement of creep resistance when compared to the baseline conventional DMW. For instance, the creep rupture life of the transition joint was improved by > 400% in a wide range of temperature and stress testing conditions. Meanwhile, the failure location shifted to the base material of Grade 91 steel. Such enhancement can be primarily attributed to the strong mechanical constraint facilitated by the gradient composite design, which effectively reduced the stresses on the less creep-resistant alloy in the transition zone. Beyond examining plate joints, it is crucial to assess the deformation response of tubular transition joints under pressure loading and transient temperature conditions to substantiate and demonstrate the effectiveness of the design. The simulation results affirm that the tubular transition joint demonstrates superior resistance compared to its counterpart DMW when subjected to multiaxial stresses in tubular structures. In addition, optimization of the transition joint’s geometry dimensions has been conducted to diminish the accumulated deformation and enhance the service life. Lastly, the scalability and potential of the innovative transition joints for large-diameter pipe applications are addressed.
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Baglietto, Gabriel, and Ezequiel V. Albano. "Effective dimension in flocking mechanisms." In NONEQUILIBRIUM STATISTICAL PHYSICS TODAY: Proceedings of the 11th Granada Seminar on Computational and Statistical Physics. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3569528.
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Lalanne, Philippe. "Effective medium theory of symmetric two-dimensional subwavelength periodic structures." In Diffractive Optics and Micro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/domo.1996.jtub.19.
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Recent experimental and theoretical investigations have shown that periodic subwavelength structured surfaces with periods small compared to the illumination wavelength behave as homogeneous medium, and have suggested interesting applications, such as fabrication of anti-reflection coatings1,2,3, quarter wave plates4, polarizers5, and graded-phase diffractive elements6. The replacement of the periodic structure by a homogeneous medium is often referred as homogenization or effective medium theory (EMT). EMT can be applied to a large variety of physical material properties, such as diffusion constant, magnetic permeability, thermal conductivity, etc. To facilitate the design and fabrication of artificial dielectric elements, one must be able to relate the effective index of the subwavelength structured surface in a simple way.
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Lo, Yi Wen, and Chih-Hsiung Ku. "EXPLORING THE EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACTS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF MEDIA IN SCIENCE LEARNING." In SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION: DEVELOPING A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE. Scientia Socialis Ltd., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/balticste/2021.115.
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The spread of COVID-19 has caused a high demand for online learning or self-learning at home. We focus on evaluating which media is most suitable for self-learning for the third graders. For effective assessment of children's learning, the study adopted AEIOU: Awareness; Enjoyment; Interest; Opinion formation; and Understanding as the evaluation framework. In this research, three types of media were implemented: animation, educational video, and science comics. Total 145 third graders were divided into three groups: animation group, educational video group, and science comics group, to learn the concept of heat transfer through one kind of media respectively. The results revealed that students had positive feedback on the three dimensions of Awareness, Enjoyment, and Interest. And all three media improved students' understanding of heat transfer without a difference. While in the dimension of Opinion formation, the students had less life experience and pre-knowledge, their performances were relatively low. In summary, the three types of media showed the effectiveness of self-learning for the third graders. Especially the animations proved to be the most suitable for the third-grade children to conduct self-learning. Keywords: science communication, AEIOU, heat transfer, Media
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Wang, Chia-Fu, Chia-Nien Tsai, I.-Ling Chang, and Lien-Wen Chen. "Wideband Acoustic Luneburg Lens Based on Graded Index Phononic Crystal." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-52927.
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The present study proposes a wideband two-dimensional Luneburg lens using graded phononic crystals (GPCs). We present a method to broaden the range of operation frequency of the Luneburg lens based on GPCs. The GPCs is composed of circular cylindrical rods with triangular lattice air background. In long wavelength limit assumption, periodic structure behaves like a homogeneous medium since dispersion relations is almost linear. The effective refractive index can be tuned by adjusting the filling ratio. The plan wave expansion method is utilized to calculate the band structures of the locally GPCs and the effective refractive index of the locally GPCs with different filling ratio. Finite element simulations was employed to confirm the acoustic properties of designed device. Our numerical simulations demonstrate that the operation frequency range of GPCs of circular cylindrical rods arranged as triangular array is much wider than those of square array. A wideband acoustic Luneburg lens can be achieved by using graded phononic crystals of triangular array.
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Hessami, Mir Akbar, and Justine White. "Improved Fluid Circulation and Heat Transfer in Geothermal Reservoirs due to Superior Fracture Network in Hot Dry Rocks (HDR)." In ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2012-91271.
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As the reduction of carbon emissions becomes an increasingly pressing issue, a larger emphasis is being placed on the need for the development of renewable energy. One such option is geothermal energy which utilizes the heat from the earth’s crust; it presents a vast potential for the production of commercial scale base-load power generation. However, the conventional techniques used in the stimulation of hot dry rocks (HDR) geothermal wells are not very effective in producing a permeable reservoir for heat exchange between the rock mass and the working fluid. To increase the permeability of geothermal reservoirs, a new stimulation technique (developed by CSIRO - Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation) which involves isolating sections of the well for controlled planar fracture growth can be used. However, if these notches/fractures are placed too closely together they will interact with one another, resulting in a deviated fracture path. A two dimensional numerical model has thus been developed to study conditions under which adjacent fractures will interact with one another. This study aims to verify the numerical model through stimulating a number of granite blocks, and drawing comparisons between the observed fracture pattern and that predicted by the model. To achieve this goal, the stimulated and fractured granite blocks were sectioned and their fracture patterns were extracted using a MATLAB code, before being reconstructed in their respective positions. Stimulation was carried out firstly using conventional techniques, and then by trialling the method proposed by CSIRO. Observation of the reconstructed images showed good agreement between the model predictions and the observed fracturing patterns in two-dimensions. However, the three-dimensional pattern in the notched, perpendicular well-bore was observed as a ‘half cylinder’. This was counter intuitive as it was expected that radial symmetry of the fractures would be observed resulting in a ‘bowl’ shape. It was therefore concluded that while the model was unable to accurately predict the three-dimensional geometry of an array of fractures, stimulation through a notched perpendicular wellbore was very effective in the production of a controlled system of fractures with an improved fluid flow and heat exchanging surface area of the reservoir in comparison to the conventional techniques.
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Song, Jian, and Chun-wei Gu. "Thermodynamic Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Systems Based on Turbine Performance Prediction." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56545.
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Energy shortage and environmental deterioration are two crucial issues that the developing world must face. As a promising solution, the conversion of low grade energies is attracting more and more attention. Among all of the existing technologies, Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) has been proven to be an effective method to utilize the low grade energies. Thermodynamic analysis is important for working fluid selection and system parameter determination in the ORC system. In conventional studies, the efficiency of the organic turbine is fixed at a constant value. However, the turbine efficiency is evidently related to the working fluid property and system operating condition. Thus, the constant turbine efficiency is unreasonable and may lead to sub-optimal thermal results. To enhance the reliability and accuracy of ORC system analysis, the one-dimensional analysis model is used to predict the turbine performance in this paper. The calculated one-dimensional turbine efficiency replaces the constant efficiency in the system analysis. The influence of the working fluid property and system operating condition on the turbine performance is evaluated. Thermal performances of the ORC systems with the one-dimensional turbine efficiency and the constant turbine efficiency are simulated and compared. The results reveal that the turbine efficiency plays a significant role in working fluid selection and system parameter determination for the ORC system.
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Duan, Xu, Jingzheng Wu, Shouling Ji, Zhiqing Rui, Tianyue Luo, Mutian Yang, and Yanjun Wu. "VulSniper: Focus Your Attention to Shoot Fine-Grained Vulnerabilities." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/648.
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With the explosive development of information technology, vulnerabilities have become one of the major threats to computer security. Most vulnerabilities with similar patterns can be detected effectively by static analysis methods. However, some vulnerable and non-vulnerable code is hardly distinguishable, resulting in low detection accuracy. In this paper, we define the accurate identification of vulnerabilities in similar code as a fine-grained vulnerability detection problem. We propose VulSniper which is designed to detect fine-grained vulnerabilities more effectively. In VulSniper, attention mechanism is used to capture the critical features of the vulnerabilities. Especially, we use bottom-up and top-down structures to learn the attention weights of different areas of the program. Moreover, in order to fully extract the semantic features of the program, we generate the code property graph, design a 144-dimensional vector to describe the relation between the nodes, and finally encode the program as a feature tensor. VulSniper achieves F1-scores of 80.6% and 73.3% on the two benchmark datasets, the SARD Buffer Error dataset and the SARD Resource Management Error dataset respectively, which are significantly higher than those of the state-of-the-art methods.
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Albu, Felix, Mihaela Puica, and Daniela Hagiescu. "QUALITY EVALUATION APPROACHES OF THE FIRST GRADE CHILDREN'S HANDWRITTING." In eLSE 2014. Editura Universitatii Nationale de Aparare "Carol I", 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-14-055.
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The evaluation of early school-aged children's handwritten symbols is a challenging problem. The teaching of handwriting is still an essential skill in effective written communication. There is a need for an automatic quality evaluation of handwritten symbols in order to assess the progress of children ability to write nice letters or other symbols. In our case, the letters are positioned in a well defined two-dimensional space, similar to the special notebooks children use in school when learning how to write. For this study, a Wacom system composed of a tablet and a digital pen is used for collecting the data that will be sent to the analysis and evaluation module. While the school-aged child writes a character, the pen transmits the (x,y) coordinates and the time t. Next, a normalization is needed in order to keep the same distance between neighboring pixels. Several approaches are investigated (e.g. normalization with/without interpolation). The coordinates sequence is transformed in a sequence of angles measured relatively to the X axis for each written character. They encode the changing directions during pen movement. An algorithm is used in order to detect if the overall shape of the written symbol is correct. Several parameters that characterise the written character are investigated (e.g. ,,centre of mass", height over width ratio, alignment errors etc.). Their correlation with subjective scores is verified. Several metrics are proposed based on spatial and temporal measurements. Next, the handwritten quality using the legibility, form size and alignment of the letters or digits is investigated. It is shown that a rough discrimination between proficient and non-proficient handwriting can be obtained by considering the size and space parameters. Our simulations have revealed the importance of good handwritten reference samples. The goal is to develop a calligraphic handwritting learning system designed for first grade or pre-school childrens. Further research is needed in order to address other aspects of an intelligent tutor.
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Gupta, Ankit, and Mohammad Talha. "A New Trigonometric Higher-Order Shear and Normal Deformation Theory for Functionally Graded Plates." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66771.
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In the present study, a new trigonometric higher-order shear and normal deformation theory is proposed and implemented to investigate the free vibration characteristics of functionally graded material (FGM) plates. The present theory comprises the nonlinear variation in the in-plane and transverse displacement and accommodates, both shear deformation and thickness stretching effects. It also satisfies the stress-free boundary conditions on the top and bottom surfaces of the plate without requiring any shear correction factor. The governing equations are derived using the variational principle. The effective mechanical properties of FGM plates are assumed to vary according to a power law distribution of the volume fraction of the constituents. Poisson’s ratios of FGM plates are assumed constant. The numerical solution has been obtained using an efficient displacement based C0 finite element model with eight degrees of freedom per node. The computed results are compared with 3-dimensional and quasi-3-dimensional solutions and those projected by other well-known plate theories. Natural frequencies of the functionally graded plates with various side-to-thickness ratios, boundary conditions, and volume fraction index ‘n’ have been computed. It can be concluded that the proposed model is not only accurate but also simple in predicting the vibration behavior of functionally graded plates.
Reports on the topic "Grande dimension (effective)"
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Notani, Mohammad Ali, Behnam Jahangiri, Reyhaneh Rahbar-Rastegar, and John E. Haddock. Determining Asphalt Mixture Properties Using Imaging Techniques. Purdue University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317635.
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This study introduces imaging technology to determine the bulk specific gravity (Gmb) of compacted asphalt mixture specimens. Using an advanced three-dimensional scanner, a fast, accurate technique for determining compacted asphalt mixture specimen Gmb was developed. The feasibility of this technique was evaluated by testing a collection of asphalt mixtures, including dense-graded and stone mastic asphalt mixtures. The results were compared with those obtained using the currently-specified Gmb measurement methods of AASHTO T166 and CoreLok. The proposed scanning technique was also used for both laboratory-prepared and field-cored specimens to determine its reliability and reproducibility. The study results suggest the proposed imaging technique is effective in decreasing Gmb measurement variation as well as in improving the accuracy and reproducibility. Additionally, the results indicate the proposed technique can be applied to any asphalt specimen, regardless of mixture type, aggregate sizes, or fabrication technique.
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STUDY OF IINTIAL IMPERFECTION OF CONCRETE-FILLED CIRCULAR STEEL TUBE COLUMNS FOR DIRECT ANALYSIS (ICASS’2020). The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2020.p.364.
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The initial imperfection and residual stress play important roles in the buckling resistance of both structural system and structural members. The latest Standard for Design of Steel Structures (GB50017-2017) firstly introduces the direct analysis method for the stability design of steel structures in China. The equivalent initial imperfections for steel members have been well specified in this code. However, as an important part of modern structures, there is limited research on the initial imperfections of steel-concrete composite members in relevant regulations in China. Therefore, it is urgent to study the equivalent initial imperfections of steel-concrete members for direct analysis. This paper collects extensive experimental data on concrete-filled circular steel tube columns (CFCSTC) for calibration of finite element models using software ABAQUS. The key factors affecting CFCSTC’s behaviors such as section dimensions, grades of steel and concrete, and width-to-thickness ratios have been taken into account. A comparative analysis for the CFCSTC with and without initial imperfections will be presented. From this study, the equivalent initial imperfection for CFCSTCs will be proposed for practical direct analysis of steel-concrete composite structures to achieve a safer and economical design without use of conventional effective length method.