Relevant bibliographies by topics / Grammatical constraints

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Grammatical constraints'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Grammatical constraints"

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Kim, Nayoun, Katy Carlson, Mike Dickey, and Masaya Yoshida. "Processing gapping: Parallelism and grammatical constraints." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 73, no. 5 (February 24, 2020): 781–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021820903461.

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This study aims to test two hypotheses about the online processing of Gapping: whether the parser inserts an ellipsis site in an incremental fashion in certain coordinated structures (the Incremental Ellipsis Hypothesis), or whether ellipsis is a late and dispreferred option (the Ellipsis as a Last Resort Hypothesis). We employ two offline acceptability rating experiments and a sentence fragment completion experiment to investigate to what extent the distribution of Gapping is controlled by grammatical and extra-grammatical constraints. Furthermore, an eye-tracking while reading experiment demonstrated that the parser inserts an ellipsis site incrementally but only when grammatical and extra-grammatical constraints allow for the insertion of the ellipsis site. This study shows that incremental building of the Gapping structure follows from the parser’s general preference to keep the structure of the two conjuncts maximally parallel in a coordination structure as well as from grammatical restrictions on the distribution of Gapping such as the Coordination Constraint.
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Price, P. J., Y. ‐L Chow, M. O. Dunham, O. Kimball, M. Krasner, F. Kubala, J. Makhoul, S. Roucos, and R. Schwartz. "Grammatical constraints and recognition performance." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 80, S1 (December 1986): S18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2023686.

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Meisel, Jürgen M. "Code-Switching in Young Bilingual Children." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 16, no. 4 (December 1994): 413–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100013449.

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This study examines the role of grammatical prerequisites on code-switching in young bilingual children. It is proposed that code-switching is constrained not only by grammatical properties of the languages involved; it is also regulated by principles and mechanisms of language use. Constraints on code-switching are therefore defined as processing principles that, however, depend on grammatical knowledge. They ensure that switching does not result in a violation of grammatical coherence, defined in terms of both linear sequencing and structural configuration. Some of these claims are tested empirically, analyzing the speech of two bilingual children acquiring French and German simultaneously. It is argued that even in the earliest uses of mixing, constraints are not violated; in many cases they do not apply because the relevant grammatical relations do not yet hold. Code-switching is nevertheless used from early on in accordance with these constraints, as soon as a certain kind of grammatical knowledge is accessible. Most importantly, functional categories have to be implemented in the child's grammar.
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Abdurrahman, Israa B. "HOW HAS OPTIMALITY THEORY ACHIEVED THE GOALS OF LINGUISTIC THEORY." Al-Adab Journal, no. 111 (March 15, 2015): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31973/aj.v0i111.1530.

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Optimality Theory (OT) is a grammatical framework of recent origin presented by Prince and Smolensky in 1993. The central idea of Optimality Theory is that surface forms of language reflect resolutions of conflicts between competing constraints. A surface form is ‘optimal’ in the sense that it incurs the least serious violations of a set of violable constraints, ranked in a language-specific hierarchy. Constraints are universal and languages differ in the ranking of constraints, giving priorities to some constraints over others. Such rankings are based on ‘strict’ domination: if one constraint outranks another, the higher-ranked constraint has priority, regardless of violations of the lower-ranked one. However, such violation must be minimal, which predicts the economy property of grammatical processes. This paper tries to seek the clues to prove that optimality theory achieves the goals of linguistic theory successfully
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Forrest, Jon. "Community rules and speaker behavior: Individual adherence to group constraints on (ING)." Language Variation and Change 27, no. 3 (September 16, 2015): 377–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394515000137.

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AbstractThis paper investigates the degree to which individual speakers follow the morphosyntactic hierarchy governing grammatical constraints on (ING) in the Southern U.S. city of Raleigh, North Carolina. (ING) was used as the variable of study for its well-studied internal constraints and comparability to previous studies on the internal constraints oft/ddeletion. A lexical category constraint hierarchy for the community was determined via multivariate mixed-effects statistical models, and each speaker's (ING) pattern was compared to this hierarchy. Results show maintenance in grammatical constraints even when taking phonological factors into account, unlike some work ont/ddeletion. Uniformity exists across speakers with respect to the ordering of internal constraints despite the overall decline in rates of –inover time, but constraint weights (expressed as log odds) vary significantly from speaker to speaker, with no correlates to social or internal factors. These results have consequences for representation of individuals in terms of an aggregate pattern, questioning the consistency of factor weight values at the speaker level despite consistent ordering of constraints.
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Kostic, Aleksandar, and Milena Bozic. "Constraints on probability distributions of grammatical forms." Psihologija 40, no. 1 (2007): 5–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi0701005k.

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In this study we investigate the constraints on probability distribution of grammatical forms within morphological paradigms of Serbian language, where paradigm is specified as a coherent set of elements with defined criteria for inclusion. Thus, for example, in Serbian all feminine nouns that end with the suffix "a" in their nominative singular form belong to the third declension, the declension being a paradigm. The notion of a paradigm could be extended to other criteria as well, hence, we can think of noun cases, irrespective of grammatical number and gender, or noun gender, irrespective of case and grammatical number, also as paradigms. We took the relative entropy as a measure of homogeneity of probability distribution within paradigms. The analysis was performed on 116 morphological paradigms of typical Serbian and for each paradigm the relative entropy has been calculated. The obtained results indicate that for most paradigms the relative entropy values fall within a range of 0.75 - 0.9. Nonhomogeneous distribution of relative entropy values allows for estimating the relative entropy of the morphological system as a whole. This value is 0.69 and can tentatively be taken as an index of stability of the morphological system.
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Meyer, Charles F. "GRAMMATICAL AND PRAGMATIC EFFECTS ON EMPATHY CONSTRAINTS." Studia Linguistica 40, no. 2 (December 1986): 122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9582.1986.tb00766.x.

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Omaki, Akira. "Grammatical constraints and reductionism in sentence processing." Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 3, no. 3 (September 16, 2013): 330–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lab.3.3.10oma.

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Fried, Mirjam. "Constructing grammatical meaning." Studies in Language 31, no. 4 (August 14, 2007): 721–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.31.4.02fri.

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In a usage-based analysis of four syntactic reflexives in Czech, this paper examines the question of representing speakers’ knowledge of polyfunctional grammatical categories. I argue that the reflexives form a prototype-based network of partially overlapping grammatical patterns, organized by the pragmatic concept of unexpected referential status in agent–patient relations. This concept is manifested in four distinct communicative functions: marking referential identity between agent and patient roles; distancing discourse participants from their involvement in the reported event; recasting a transitive event as a spontaneous change of state; expressing an attitude toward the reported event. Each function is shown to conventionally co-occur with a set of properties involving various combinations of the following: preferences in aspect and transitivity; semantic and/or pragmatic constraints on agents and patients; verb semantics; shifts in modality and pragmatic force; morphosyntactic constraints. Overall, the analysis supports the view that grammatical categories cannot be properly defined outside of broader grammatical context, thus arguing for a constructional approach to linguistic structure and for re-interpreting the principle of isomorphism in terms of ‘constructions’ in the sense of Construction Grammar.
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Coetzee, Andries W. "A comprehensive model of phonological variation: grammatical and non-grammatical factors in variable nasal place assimilation." Phonology 33, no. 2 (August 2016): 211–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675716000117.

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The past two decades have seen the development of several constraint-based models of phonological grammar that can handle variable phenomena. Most of these models, however, are purely grammatical, and do not allow for the contribution of non-grammatical factors towards determining the frequency structure of variation. This paper reviews different approaches to phonological variation, focusing on how grammatical and non-grammatical factors co-determine patterns of variation. Based on this review, a model is developed that incorporates influences from both grammatical and non-grammatical factors. The proposed model is grammar-dominant, in the sense that grammar defines the space of possible variation while non-grammatical factors only contribute towards the frequency with which the grammar determined forms are observed. Following Coetzee & Kawahara (2013), the model is developed in a version of noisy Harmonic Grammar that allows non-grammatical factors to scale the weights of faithfulness constraints up or down.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Grammatical constraints"

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Sauvé, Deanne. "Grammatical constraints on child bilingual code mixing." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33314.

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This study examined structural constraints on early child code mixing. Constraints are widely attested in adult bilinguals (Myers-Scotton, 1993; Poplack, 1980). It has been argued that these constraints preserve the structural properties of both languages. It is uncertain whether constraints on early child code mixing are the same as constraints on adult code mixing. The present analysis was based on Poplack's two structural constraints: the free morpheme and the equivalence constraints. Ten French-English bilingual subjects were observed at 4 time periods, between approximately 2;00 and 3;06 years of age. The children's utterances containing elements from both languages were analysed for violations of Poplack's constraints. The violation rate was extremely low, less than 2% of the total mixed utterances. These results corroborate Lanza (1997), Vihman (1998), Allen et al. (2000), and Paradis et al. (2000), who likewise found that structural constraints on code mixing are operational from early in acquisition.
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Kong, Kam Leng. "Grammatical constraints on Chinese/Portuguese code-switching in Macao." Thesis, University of Macau, 2002. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636603.

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Chia, Liang. "Language shift in a Singaporean Chinese family and the matrix language frame model." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365765.

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Bowers, Diane Lesley. "Grammatical constraints and motivations for English/Afrikaans codeswitching: evidence from a local radio talk show." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_7082_1190370125.

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The study investigated the practice of codeswitching within the Cape Flats speech community of Cape Town. Members of this speech community have always been exposed to both English and Afrikaans in formal as well as informal contexts. Due to constant exposure to both languages, as well as historical and political experiences, members of the speech community have come to utilize both languages within a single conversation and even within a single utterance. Codeswitching is an integral part of the community's speech behaviour. The main purpose of this research was to uncover and analyze the motivations behind codeswitching in the bilingual communities of Cape Town, while also providing a strong argument that codeswitching patterns evident in their speech do not always correspond completely with linguistic constraints that are regarded as 'universal'.

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Kabasele, Philothe Mwamba. "TESTING THE MATRIX LANGUAGE FRAME MODEL WITH EVIDENCE FROM FRENCH-LINGALA CODE-SWITCHING." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/616.

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My thesis investigates the universality of the Matrix Language Frame model developed by Myers-Scotton (2002). The work tests the model by using bilingual data which display code-switching between French and the low variety of Lingala. The main concern of the work is to test the constraints that are posited in terms of principles of the model and which claim that the Matrix Language dictates the morphosyntactic frame of a bilingual Complementizer Phrase (CP). In the light of the findings of this study, it was shown that the ML model failed to account for a number of situations; and such was the case of the Morpheme Order Principle and double morphology, specifically with the outsider late system morphemes.
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Stutter, Garcia Ana [Verfasser], Claudia [Akademischer Betreuer] Felser, Sol [Akademischer Betreuer] Lago, Claudia [Gutachter] Felser, and Christoph [Gutachter] Schroeder. "The use of grammatical knowledge in an additional language : effects of native and non-native linguistic constraints / Ana Stutter Garcia ; Gutachter: Claudia Felser, Christoph Schroeder ; Claudia Felser, Sol Lago." Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1219078425/34.

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Bick, Eckhard. "The parsing system "Palavras" : automatic grammatical analysis of Portuguese in a constraint grammar framework /." Aarhus : Aarhus Univ. Press, 2000. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/321644247.pdf.

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Boyd, Adriane Amelia. "Detecting and Diagnosing Grammatical Errors for Beginning Learners of German: From Learner Corpus Annotation to Constraint Satisfaction Problems." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1325170396.

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Biktchourina, Angelina. "Les verbes gnat' / gonjat' : sémantique, catégorie grammaticale, dérivation et phraséologie." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3030/document.

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Dans cette thèse, nous avons étudié d’une manière structurée et détaillée la sémantique des verbes gnat’ et gonjat’. Pour cela, nous avons tout d’abord formalisé leur potentiel sémantique qui comprend les composants de leur valeur de base et ce qu’ils génèrent dans des situations nouvelles, dans des cotextes particuliers. Pour chaque valeur sémantique, nous avons présenté un schéma sémantique, un schéma actantiel en précisant les rôles sémantiques, la nature des actants et leur réalisation syntaxique, ainsi que des illustrations d’emploi dans des cotextes des plus représentatifs, des synonymes, la famille morphologique. Les valeurs plus ou moins communes à gnat’ et à gonjat’ ont été étudiées ensemble, ce qui nous a permis de mettre en évidence leurs similitudes et différences. Puis, nous avons traité la question de la catégorie grammaticale des verbes de mouvement. Après avoir exposé les propriétés traditionnellement attribuées aux corrélats déterminé / indéterminé et les particularités qui sont générées dans l’emploi de chacun de ces corrélats, nous avons analysé la corrélation déterminé / indéterminé en général, et en particulier, entre gnat’ et gonjat’. Faisant partie de la catégorie grammaticale des verbes de mouvement, gnat’ et gonjat’ s’opposent sur le plan grammatical en tant que déterminé vs indéterminé et leurs caractéristiques grammaticales induisent quelques différences sémantiques. Ainsi, la plupart des différences observées entre gnat’ et gonjat’ ne sont pas en fait pas d’ordre lexical, mais résultent des différences grammaticales du déterminé gnat’ et de l’indéterminé gonjat’. Dans la partie consacrée à la dérivation morphologique, nous avons eu pour objectif d’examiner les effets de la préverbation et les modifications de sens que la préverbation entraîne pour ces verbes. Nous avons étudié les préverbés formés sur la base de gnat’ / gonjat’ à valeur spatiale en les regroupant en fonction de l’orientation spatiale : à partir du point de départ, vers le point d’arrivée, les deux en même temps ou en rapport avec un repère. Une attention minutieuse a été accordée aux différences sémantiques et aspectuelles de certains préverbés partageant les mêmes valeurs spatiales. L’étude des préverbés combinés aux préverbes à valeur non spatiale a été organisée en fonction de la morphologie de l’aspect : les préverbés hors couple et les couples de verbes. Quelques particularités ont été observées. Pour que l’étude sémantique soit complète, nous y avons inclus la question des phrasèmes comportant ces verbes. Puis, nous avons analysé le parallélisme qui existe entre gnat’ / gonjat’ simples et préverbés et le verbe dit de position sidet’ : les valeurs que ces verbes ont en commun et aussi, les limites de leur corrélation, Enfin, en partant directement des situations linguistiques concrètes avec gnat’ / gonjat’ simples et préverbés nous avons exposé un certain nombre de mécanismes qui aboutissent à un effet expressif
In this thesis, we have studied the semantics of the verbs gnat’ and gonjat’ in a structured and extensive way. To achieve this, we began by structuring their semantic potential, which includes their basic value and what it produces in new situations, in specific cotexts. For each semantic value, we have presented a semantic schema, mapping the semantic roles of the actants, their nature and their syntactic development, together with examples of usage in the most representative cotexts, the synonyms, the morphological family. The more or less common values of gnat’ and gonjat’ have been studied together, so that we could bring their similarities and differences to light. Then, we dealt with the question of the grammatical category of the verbs of motion. Having presented the usually attributed properties of the correlate determined / indetermined and the particularities that emerge in the usage of each of these correlates, we have focused on the determined / indetermined correlation in general and between gnat’ and gonjat’ in particular. While belonging to the same grammatical category of the verbs of motion, both gnat’ and gonjat’ are opposed on a grammatical level, as determined and indetermined, and their grammatical characteristics lead to some semantical differences. Hence, most of the observed differences between gnat’ and gonjat’ are not of a lexical type; they are rather the result of the semantical differences between the determined gnat’ and the indetermined gonjat’. In the part of our thesis dedicated to morphological derivation, our goal was to study the impacts of verbal prefixation and the change of meaning as a result of the prefixation for these verbs. We have studied prefixed verbs based on gnat’ / gonjat’ with spatial meanings, clustering them depending on their spatial orientation: from the starting point, to the point of arrival, both at the same time or in relation to a landmark. A particular focus has been placed on the semantical and aspectual differences of some verbs with prefixes that share the same spatial values. The analysis of verbs with spatial prefixes was done according to the morphology of the aspect: the verbs with prefixes outside aspectual pairs and the pair of verbs. Some particularities have been observed. For the semantic study to be complete, we have added the question of the phrasemes using these verbs. Then, we studied the similarity between gnat’ and gonjat’ in their simple and prefixed forms and the verb of position sidet’: what those verbs have in common but also the limits of their similarities. Finally, we have taken concrete linguistic situations involving gnat’ and gonjat’ in their simple and prefixed forms in order to outline a number of mechanisms leading to an expressive result
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Books on the topic "Grammatical constraints"

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Glanville, Price, ed. Discourse and pragmatic constraints on grammatical choices: A grammar of surprises. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1994.

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The development of the grammatical system in early second language acquisition: The multiple constraints hypothesis. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2013.

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Bick, Eckhard. The parsing system "Palavras": Automatic grammatical analysis of Portuguese in a constraint grammar framework. Aarhus [Denmark]: Aarhus University Press, 2000.

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Lidz, Jeffrey L. Quantification in Child Language. Edited by Jeffrey L. Lidz, William Snyder, and Joe Pater. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199601264.013.21.

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This chapter addresses role of cognitive, information processing and learning mechanisms underlying children’s acquisition of quantifiers in natural language. We discuss the cognitive mechanisms that provide content to quantificational expressions, constraints on possible quantifier meanings, and the role of syntax in identifying a novel word as quantificational. We also examine the syntax and semantics of quantifiers in development, examining interactions between multiple scope bearing expressions in a single sentence. We explore the grammatical and psycholinguistic constraints at play in shaping children’s acquisition and use of quantificational expressions, highlighting factors that can mask children’s competence in this domain.
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Teskey, Gordon. Shakespeare’s Styles. Edited by Jonathan Post. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199607747.013.0029.

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The concept of literary style is joined, on the one hand, with grammatical and prosodic constraints and, on the other hand, with the large-scale dramatic construction of character and action: mimesis. The latter, however, depends on the former. Whereas, dramatic mimesis is an ‘imitation’ or modelling from without, literary style radiates from within the mimetic and lets it appear. We may therefore think of a succession of mimetic styles in Shakespeare’s career which are different modes of bringing character and action to appearance: elevated, articulated, reticulated, saturated, and evacuated.
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Longenbaugh, Nicholas, and Maria Polinsky. Experimental Approaches to Ergative Languages. Edited by Jessica Coon, Diane Massam, and Lisa Demena Travis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198739371.013.29.

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This chapter summarizes major results in the domain of experimental approaches to ergativity, focusing on three major topics. First, it discusses studies that explore the competition between accusative and ergative alignment, where researchers have attempted to derive the typological preference for accusative alignment from processing- and learnability based constraints. Next, it examines studies concerning the interrelated issues of long-distance dependencies and agreement. The unique dissociation of case and argument-hood in ergative languages has afforded researchers new means of testing conclusions regarding the privileged grammatical status of subject, the relative import and function of case and agreement in the grammar, and the origins of constraints on extraction in ergative languages and beyond. Given that linguists have only recently begun to conduct experimental research on ergative languages, we conclude by suggesting areas for future research where ergativity might provide genuine insights rather than just replicate existing studies of accusative languages.
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Saugera, Valérie. Adjectival Anglicisms in the Plural. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190625542.003.0006.

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When adjectives of English origin are pluralized in French, they follow one of three patterns: they receive inflection, they reject inflection, or they occur in both inflected and uninflected forms. This chapter reveals that although uninflected and variable adjectives do violate the standard native rule of adjective agreement, the constraints that block inflection are French-derived. A second feature of these adjectival Anglicisms is that their nominal counterpart, if it exists, always receives native inflection (des jeans baggy vs. des baggys). It is proposed that the difference in word class, and specifically the feature of grammatical gender, accounts for the contrastive behavior.
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Beavers, John, and Andrew Koontz-Garboden. The Roots of Verbal Meaning. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198855781.001.0001.

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This book explores possible and impossible word meanings, with a specific focus on the meanings of verbs. It adopts the now common view that verb meanings consist at least partly of an event structure, made up of an event template describing the verb’s broad temporal and causal contours that occurs across lots of verbs and groups them into semantic and grammatical classes, plus an idiosyncratic root describing specific, real world states and actions that distinguish verbs with the same template. While much work has focused on templates, less work has addressed the truth conditional contributions of roots, despite the importance of a theory of root meaning in fully defining the predictions event structural approaches make. This book addresses this lacuna, exploring two previously proposed constraints on root meaning: The Bifurcation Thesis of Roots, whereby roots never introduce the meanings introduced by templates, and Manner/Result Complementarity, which has as a component that roots can describe either a manner or a result state but never both at the same time. Two extended case studies, on change-of-state verbs and ditransitive verbs of caused possession, show that neither hypothesis holds, and that ultimately there may be no constraints on what a root can mean. Nonetheless, the book argues that event structures still have predictive value, and it presents a new theory of possible root meanings and how they interact with event templates that produces a new typology of possible verbs, albeit one where not just templates but also roots determine systematic semantic and grammatical properties.
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Hu, Xuhui. Theoretical foundations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808466.003.0002.

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Adopting the constructivist approach, especially building on Borer’s (2005a, b, 2013a) XS Model, two theoretical elements in the theory of the syntax of events are put forward. The first element concerns the specific constraints on the interaction between conceptual meaning and syntactic derivation. The content of the predicate will be integrated into the interpretation derived from the syntax via a set of Integration Conditions, according to which, the interpretation derived from syntax licenses the legitimacy of the predicate content. The second theoretical assumption is the addition of the DivP to the event phrase (EP) structure. A verbal feature is in nature an [iDiv] feature, which is equivalent to the interpretable feature provided by the classifier in the nominal domain. The stative/dynamic interpretation of an event is tied to the value of the [iDiv] feature, which further explains the grammatical distinction between two types of homogeneous predicates.
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DuBois, John W. Ergativity in Discourse and Grammar. Edited by Jessica Coon, Diane Massam, and Lisa Demena Travis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198739371.013.2.

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This chapter considers how a discourse profile may provide a key piece of the puzzle for explaining the distribution of ergative grammatical structures within and across the world’s languages. The ergative discourse profile, isomorphic to the ergative-absolutive pattern of syntactic alignment, is found in a typologically diverse array of languages including ergative, accusative, and active. Speakers tend to follow soft constraints limiting the Quantity and Role of new and lexical noun phrases within the clause. Evidence for the universality of the ergative discourse profile is examined from typology, child language, and diachrony. A conflicting discourse pressure for topicality motivates accusativity, giving rise to competing motivations. As one recurrent resolution of competing demands, ergativity represents an evolutionarily stable strategy realized in grammar. While discourse-pragmatic and cognitive motivations contribute crucially to a functional explanation of ergativity, additional factors must include semantics of verbs, constructions, aspects, and splits; inherited morphosyntax; and more.
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Book chapters on the topic "Grammatical constraints"

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Waltereit, Richard. "Grammatical Constraints on Metonymy." In Human Cognitive Processing, 233. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hcp.4.14wal.

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Comorovski, Ileana. "Echo Questions and Grammatical Constraints." In Interrogative Phrases and the Syntax-Semantics Interface, 55–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8688-7_3.

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Plum, Guenther, and Ann Cowling. "Social constraints on grammatical variables." In Language Topics, 281. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.lt2.66plu.

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Robins, Robert H. "Social phonological constraints on grammatical formations." In Language Topics, 307. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.lt1.65rob.

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Robins, Robert H. "Some phonological constraints on grammatical formations." In Language Topics, 307. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.lt2.67rob.

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LaPolla, Randy J. "On grammatical relations as constraints on referent identification." In Typological Studies in Language, 139–51. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.65.09lap.

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Deligne, Sabine, François Yvon, and Frédéric Bimbot. "Introducing statistical dependencies and structural constraints in variable-length sequence models." In Grammatical Interference: Learning Syntax from Sentences, 156–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0033351.

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Rulot, Héctor, and Enrique Vidal. "Modelling (Sub)String Length Based Constraints through a Grammatical Inference Method." In Pattern Recognition Theory and Applications, 451–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83069-3_35.

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Samuelsson, Christer, Pasi Tapanainen, and Atro Voutilainen. "Inducing constraint grammars." In Grammatical Interference: Learning Syntax from Sentences, 146–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0033350.

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Gregor, J., and M. G. Thomason. "A disagreement count scheme for inference of constrained Markov networks." In Grammatical Interference: Learning Syntax from Sentences, 168–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0033352.

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Conference papers on the topic "Grammatical constraints"

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Boyd, Jeremy K., Farrell Ackerman, and Marta Kutas. "Adult learners use both entrenchment and preemption to infer grammatical constraints." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Development and Learning and Epigenetic Robotics (ICDL). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/devlrn.2012.6400820.

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Starling, Alex C., and Kristina Shea. "A Parallel Grammar for Simulation-Driven Mechanical Design Synthesis." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-85414.

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This research investigates the use of quantitative measures of performance to aid the grammatical synthesis of mechanical systems. Such performance measures enable search algorithms to be used to find designs that meet requirements and optimize performance by using automatically generated performance feedback, including behavioral simulation, as a guide. The work builds on a new type of production system, a parallel grammar for mechanical systems based on a Function-Behavior-Structure representation, to generate an extensive variety of designs. Geometric and topological constraints are used to bound the design space, termed the language of the grammar, to ensure the validity of designs generated. The winding mechanism of an electromechanical camera is examined as a case study using the behavioral modeling language Modelica. Behavioral simulations are run for parametric models generated by the parallel grammar and this data is used, in addition to geometric performance metrics, for performance evaluation of generated alternative designs. Multi-objective stochastic search, in the form of a hybrid pattern search developed as part of this research, is used to generate Pareto sets of optimally directed designs of winding mechanisms, showing the design of the camera chosen for the case study to be optimally directed with respect to the design objectives considered. The Pareto sets generated illustrate the range of simulation-driven solutions that can be generated and simulated automatically as well as their performance tradeoffs.
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Lindemann, Sofiana-Iulia, Stanca Mada, Laura Sasu, and Madalina Matei. "Thematic role and grammatical function affect pronoun production." In 11th International Conference of Experimental Linguistics. ExLing Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36505/exling-2020/11/0028/000443.

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According to different approaches to pronoun processing, in pro-drop languages, null pronouns are interpreted as referring back to the grammatical subject and topical referent, while overt pronouns are usually interpreted as coreferring with a non-subject and non-topical antecedent. The present study investigates whether thematic role and grammatical function impact (overt and null) pronoun production in Romania. Results show that we do not encounter a clear division of labour between the two pronoun forms triggered by syntactic structure alone and that thematic roles matter as well. The findings support a multi-dimensional approach, suggesting that different referential forms are constrained by different factors.
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So, Gil-Ja, and Hyuk-Chul Kwon. "The Constraint Condition of a Word to Check the Grammatical Error in a Korean Document." In 2008 Fourth International Conference on Networked Computing and Advanced Information Management (NCM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ncm.2008.146.

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de Souza, Sydelle, Alina Villalva, and Carina Pinto. "The grammar behind word association tasks." In 11th International Conference of Experimental Linguistics. ExLing Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36505/exling-2020/11/0021/000436.

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Most word association tasks (WATs) focus on semantic representations but can also illuminate other linguistic phenomena (Van Rensbergen et al., 2015). This study reports a WAT comprising 152 Portuguese verbs and their corresponding compositional deverbal action nouns ending in -ção, that aims to test whether the morphological nature of the stimulus conditions the response. The results suggest that (i) the morphological structure of the stimuli does condition the response; (ii) associations can be constrained by grammatical factors other than semantics; and (iii) L1 Portuguese speakers are more likely to respond with a word belonging to the same word family if the stimulus is a complex word.
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Martin, Philippe. "Automatic detection of accent phrases in French." In 11th International Conference of Experimental Linguistics. ExLing Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36505/exling-2020/11/0030/000445.

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In lexically-stressed languages such as English or Greek, accent phrases usually include one lexical word (noun, verb, adverb or adjective), together with some syntactically bound grammatical words (conjunction, pronoun or preposition). In non-lexically languages such as French or Korean, accent phrases are delimited by a final syllabic stress and may contain more than one lexical word, depending on the speech rate and limited to a 250 ms to 1250-1350 ms duration range. As perception of syllabic stress is strongly influenced by the listeners current own speech rate making perception agreement between annotators elusive, an interactive software program has been implemented imbedding constrains external to acoustic data to better investigate the actual distribution of stressed syllables in oral recordings of French.
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Shea, Kristina, and Jonathan Cagan. "Topology Design of Truss Structures by Shape Annealing." In ASME 1998 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc98/dac-5624.

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Abstract Shape annealing is a design technique that combines grammatical transformation with simulated annealing to generate optimally directed discrete structures. The primary advantage of shape annealing over other discrete methods is the introduction of new joints and members, using a shape grammar, to enable simultaneous optimization of topology, shape, and sizing. This approach makes the exploration of truss topologies that are not constrained to a pre-defined grid possible. While details of the method have been presented (Reddy and Cagan, 1995; Shea et al., 1997), this paper provides an overview of the current implementation and validation through a comparison of results for least-weight design problems to both grid-based solutions and previously reported shape annealing solutions. These comparisons illustrate the capability of shape annealing in generating optimal designs and the advantages of not restricting topology optimization to a grid-based design universe. Comparing new results to those previously reported shows improvement in solution quality and extensions for practical multiobjective design. Finally, solutions to a dome problem illustrate the inherent ease in extending the method to three-dimensional design and multiple loading conditions. These examples demonstrate that shape annealing is effective for exploring topology design of truss structures for both least-weight and multiobjective design problems.
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