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Books on the topic 'Grammatical class'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Han yu ci lei de ren zhi yan jiu he mo hu hua fen: A cognitive investigation and fuzzy classification of word-class in mandarin Chinese. Shanghai: Shanghai jiao yu chu ban she, 2010.

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2

Pelletier, Georges. Francais 6: Guide pédagogique - 2e partie. Montréal, Qué: Lidec, 1989.

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3

Pelletier, Georges. Francais 6: Carnet SOS. Montréal, Qué: Lidec, 1989.

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4

Pelletier, Georges. Francais 6: Recueil de textes - 2e partie. Montréal, Qué: Lidec, 1989.

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5

Pelletier, Georges. Francais 6: Cahier d'activites - 1re partie. Montréal, Qué: Lidec, 1988.

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6

Pelletier, Georges. Francais 6: Recueil de textes - 1re partie. Montréal, Qué: Lidec, 1988.

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7

Pelletier, Georges. Francais 6: Cahier d'activites - 2e partie. Montréal, Qué: Lidec, 1989.

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8

Zimmermann, Malte. Predicate Focus. Edited by Caroline Féry and Shinichiro Ishihara. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642670.013.26.

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This chapter discusses a grammatically defined sub-class of focus: that on verbal predicates and on functional elements in the extended verbal projection. The phenomena falling under the label ofpredicate focusare introduced, and it is shown that predicate focus is interpretable on a par with argument or term focus on DPs and PPs. A unified structured-meaning approach that treats focus as the psychological predicate of the clause allows for singling out DP-terms and transitive verbs as categories in need of explicit marking when focused. A cross-linguistic overview of the grammatical strategies for marking predicate focus is provided, focusing on asymmetries in the realization of predicate as opposed to in terms of obligatory marking, grammatical strategy, and complexity. The information-structural and grammatical factors behind such focus asymmetries are discussed with some tentative universals concerning the explicit marking of information-structural categories on verbal predicates.

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9

Fillmore, Charles J. Berkeley Construction Grammar. Edited by Thomas Hoffmann and Graeme Trousdale. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195396683.013.0007.

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This chapter discusses the Berkeley Construction Grammar (BCG), the framework through which grammatical phenomena of English were organized and described in that class. It explains the basic concepts of feature structures and unification, and introduces the valence requirements of predicating words and the devices for their satisfaction. The chapter also presents BCG analyses of various constructions, such as the Subject-Predicate construction, Head-Complement construction, and Inversion construction or Left-Isolation construction.

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10

Stein, Gabriele. John Palsgrave’s description of French word-formation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807377.003.0007.

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The comprehensive nature of John Palsgrave’s endeavour to analyse and describe the French language in Lesclarcissement de la langue francoyse (1530) also encompasses the formation of words. Whereas Chapter 6 focused on his pioneering achievement as a grammarian and lexicographer, this chapter describes his most impressive work as a sixteenth-century lexicologist analysing the word-structures of a vernacular. The coining of words is embedded in a word class-based grammatical framework. For each word class, e.g. nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, etc., he discusses the formative processes (derivation and composition), specifies the formal patterns (with their changes to the base), paraphrases the meaning of each formation, and then provides a good number of examples. Exceptions are also pointed out.

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11

López, Luis. Dislocations and Information Structure. Edited by Caroline Féry and Shinichiro Ishihara. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642670.013.003.

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Dislocations are constituents in the periphery of the clause—or, depending on the analysis, outside the structure of the clause proper. In the canonical cases, they are doubled by a functional bundle and they are separated from the core clause by an intonational phrase boundary. In many languages we find that dislocations come in two classes: a class of dislocations that are syntactically linked to a position in the core structure (D-type) and a second class of dislocations that are connected only in the process of interpretation (H-type). This grammatical distinction maps onto a difference in the information structure properties: D-type dislocations are given, H-type dislocations signal topic promotion. Some languages seem to have only H-type dislocations, which take over the functions of both D-type and H-type dislocations.

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12

Saugera, Valérie. Adjectival Anglicisms in the Plural. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190625542.003.0006.

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When adjectives of English origin are pluralized in French, they follow one of three patterns: they receive inflection, they reject inflection, or they occur in both inflected and uninflected forms. This chapter reveals that although uninflected and variable adjectives do violate the standard native rule of adjective agreement, the constraints that block inflection are French-derived. A second feature of these adjectival Anglicisms is that their nominal counterpart, if it exists, always receives native inflection (des jeans baggy vs. des baggys). It is proposed that the difference in word class, and specifically the feature of grammatical gender, accounts for the contrastive behavior.

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13

Portner, Paul. Mood. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199547524.001.0001.

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The category of mood is widely used in the description of languages and the formal analysis of their grammatical properties. It typically refers to features of a sentence’s form (or a class of sentences which share such features), either individual morphemes or grammatical patterns, which reflect how the sentence contributes to the modal meaning of a larger phrase or which indicates the type of fundamental pragmatic function it has in conversation. The first subtype, verbal mood, includes the categories of indicative and subjunctive subordinate clauses; the second sentence mood, encompasses declaratives, interrogatives, and imperatives. This work presents the essential background for understanding semantic theories of mood and discusses the most significant theories of both types. It evaluates those theories, compares them, draws connections between seemingly disparate approaches, and with the goal of drawing out their most important insights, it formalizes some of the literature’s most important ideas in new ways. Ultimately, this work shows that there are important connections between verbal mood and sentence mood which point the way towards a more general understanding of how mood works and its relation to other topics in linguistics, and it outlines the type of semantic and pragmatic theory which will make it possible to explain these relations.

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14

Vajda, Edward J. Polysynthesis in Ket. Edited by Michael Fortescue, Marianne Mithun, and Nicholas Evans. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199683208.013.49.

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The Ket language isolate of Central Siberia differs morphologically from the surrounding languages in having a strongly prefixing polysynthetic verb. Grammatical markers are interdigitated between lexical morphemes, creating a discontinuous stem based on a template of eight prefixal positions, a base position and a single suffix position expressing plural agreement with animate-class subjects. Finite verb forms distinguish past from non-past indicative, as well as an imperative form. Verbs are strictly transitive or intransitive and express person, number, and noun class agreement with the subject and direct object. Although the language has accusative alignment, with subjects marked differently than objects, much of the verb’s linear complexity derives from lexically conditioned agreement strategies. There are three productive transitive configurations of agreement markers, and five productive intransitive configurations. Noun incorporation is productive for only a small number of stems. Some Ket verbs incorporate their object, others their instrument, and others their unaccusative subject.

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15

Faggion, Silvia. Verifichiamo... Italiano!: Eserciziario Di Italiano e Grammatica per la Classe Quinta Della Scuola Primaria. Independently Published, 2017.

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16

Kageyama, Taro, Peter E. Hook, and Prashant Pardeshi, eds. Verb-Verb Complexes in Asian Languages. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759508.001.0001.

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This volume presents a detailed survey of the systems of verb-verb complexes in Asian languages from both a synchronic and a diachronic perspective. Many Asian languages share, to a greater or lesser extent, a unique class of compound verbs each consisting of a main verb and a quasi-auxiliary verb known as a ‘vector’ or ‘explicator’. These quasi-auxiliary verbs exhibit unique grammatical behavior that suggests that they have an intermediate status between full lexical verbs and wholly reduced auxiliaries. They are also semantically unique, in that when they are combined with main verbs, they can convey a rich variety of functional meanings beyond the traditional notions of tense, aspect, and modality, such as manner and intensity of action, benefaction for speaker or hearer, and polite or derogatory styles in speech. In this book, leading specialists in a range of Asian languages offer an in-depth analysis of the longstanding questions relating to the diachrony and geographical distribution of verb-verb complexes. The findings have implications for the general understanding of the grammaticalization of verb categories, complex predicate formation, aktionsart and event semantics, the morphology-syntax-semantics interface, areal linguistics, and typology.

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17

Mathieu, Eric, and Robert Truswell, eds. Micro-change and Macro-change in Diachronic Syntax. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747840.001.0001.

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This volume contains sixteen chapters addressing the process of syntactic change at different granularities. The language-particular component of a grammar is now usually assumed to be nothing more than the specification of the grammatical properties of a set of lexical items. Accordingly, grammar change must reduce to lexical change. And yet these micro-changes can cumulatively alter the typological character of a language (a macro-change). A central puzzle in diachronic syntax is how to relate macro-changes to micro-changes. Several chapters in this volume describe specific micro-changes: changes in the syntactic properties of a particular lexical item or class of lexical items. Other chapters explore links between micro-change and macro-change, using devices such as grammar competition at the individual and population level, recurring diachronic pathways, and links between acquisition biases and diachronic processes. This book is therefore a great companion to the recent literature on micro- versus macro-approaches to parameters in synchronic syntax. One of its important contributions is the demonstration that we can learn a great deal about synchronic linguistics through the way languages change: the case studies included provide diachronic insight into many syntactic constructions that have been the target of extensive recent synchronic research, including tense, aspect, relative clauses, stylistic fronting, verb second, demonstratives, and negation. Languages discussed include several archaic and contemporary Romance and Germanic varieties, as well as Greek, Hungarian, and Chinese, among many others.

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18

B, I. Prima Ortografia: Libro Di Grammatica Italiana per Bambini Della Classe Prima - Libro Interattivo - Schede Didattiche Da Compilare - Libro Di Ortografia per Bambini. Independently Published, 2020.

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