Relevant bibliographies by topics / Grain refrigerator

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Academic literature on the topic 'Grain refrigerator'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Grain refrigerator"

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Borghezan, Marcelo, Alan David Clauman, Douglas André Steinmacher, Miguel Pedro Guerra, and Afonso Inácio Orth. "In vitro viability and preservation of pollen grain of kiwi (Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa (A. Chev.) A. Chev)." Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 11, no. 4 (December 2011): 338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-70332011000400007.

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Kiwi is a dioecious plant species, requiring cross pollination for fruit production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro viability and shelf life of pollen grains of two kiwi varieties. Flowers of the cultivars Matua and Tomuri were collected and the pollen germinated in vitro, in culture medium containing agar (1 %), sucrose (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 %) and boric acid (0 and 50 mg L-1 H3BO3). Pollen grains were stored in a BOD incubator (25.0 °C), refrigerator (4.0 °C), freezer (-18.0 °C) and in liquid N2 (-196.0 °C), and evaluated after 0, 40, 120, 240 and 365 days. The culture medium enriched with 12 % sucrose and 50 mg L-1 H3BO3 was the most suitable. Pollen grains can be stored for a short period in the refrigerator or freezer, and cryopreserved for at least one year.
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MECHKAROVA, Tatyana, Yaroslav ARGIROV, Daniela SPASOVA, and Aneliya STOYANOVA. "Structural Changes of Nitrogen Ferrite After Aging in Temperature Interval up to 100 °С." Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science 44, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/mms.2021.1.04.

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This paper aims to determine the extent of aging of nitrogen ferrite at temperatures below 100 °C and the structural and strength changes that occur in the process. The tests are carried out on samples of technically pure iron (Armco). The specimens are pre-deformed by tension and re-crystallisation heating to achieve a large-grain ferrite structure. A large-grained structure has been chosen to more accurately track the change in micro-hardness of the individual grains during the aging process. Nitric ferrite results from gas carbonitriding and subsequent hardening. Upon hardening, the samples are stored in a refrigerator, and then the surface layer formed is removed through electrochemical corrosion. Afterwards, aging heat treatment at temperatures below 100 °C is undertaken. After the aging process, micro-hardness of the individual grains is examined and X-ray structural analysis is performed.
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Naeimi, Shahram, Vahid Khosravi, András Varga, Csaba Vágvölgyi, and László Kredics. "Screening of Organic Substrates for Solid-State Fermentation, Viability and Bioefficacy of Trichoderma harzianum AS12-2, a Biocontrol Strain Against Rice Sheath Blight Disease." Agronomy 10, no. 9 (August 26, 2020): 1258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091258.

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The present study was undertaken to find the most suitable organic substrates for the biomass production, viability and efficacy of the biocontrol strain Trichoderma harzianum AS12-2 in the solid-state fermentation system. In total, 13 inexpensive, locally available substrates (agricultural wastes or by-products) were inoculated with the antagonist, and following one month of incubation at room temperature, all colonized substrates were air dried and ground to powder. The shelf life and viability of the Trichoderma strain were assessed as colony-forming units per gram (CFUs g−1) of each substrate on a monthly basis for up to one year at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C) and in the refrigerator (4 °C). In order to find out the effect of the substrate on the bioefficacy of T. harzianum AS12-2, the biocontrol potential of the formulations was evaluated against rice sheath blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani. The results showed that the fungus colonized more or less all substrates after one month, although the degree of colonization and conidiation was different among the substrates, being especially high in broom sorghum grain, rice husk, rice straw, rice bran and sugar beet pulp. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the population in the substrates in “Month 0” showed that the effect of treatment was significant, and the means were significantly different. The maximum population was recorded for broom sorghum grain and rice straw (6.4 × 1010 and 5.3 × 1010 CFUs g−1, respectively). The population declined in all substrates after one year of incubation at room temperature. This decline was relatively smaller in broom sorghum grain, rice straw and rice husk. On the other hand, the population in the same substrate incubated in the refrigerator was decreased in a mild slope, and the final population was high. In addition, the results of greenhouse assay showed that all bioformulations were effective in controlling the disease, and there were no significant differences among the substrates. According to the results of this study, broom sorghum grain, rice husk, rice straw, sugar beet pulp and cow dung could be recommended as suitable fermentation media for the industrial-scale production of T. harzianum strains.
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El Mardi, M. O., L. AI-Kharousi, and O. S. AI-Mantheri. "Factors Regulating In Vitro Germination of Date Palm Pollen Grams After Storage." Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences [JAMS] 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jams.vol5iss1pp19-23.

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Dried pollen grains of three date palm (male) cultivars grown in Oman were stored either in a freezer (-18°C), a refrigerator (4 to 5°C), or at room temperature (23 to 25°C) for 6 or 12 months. The three cultivars include Khori, Medjahdil, and Bahlani. Germination percentage was determined after 6 hours incubation in aerated and non- aerated liquid media. The results showed that date palm pollen was better adapted to refrigerator storage than freezing for all three cultivars, while room temperature storage significantly reduced pollen germination. Aeration was found to enhance germination of refrigerator- and freezer-stored pollen, but decreased that of pollen stored at room temperature for 6 months. The results also indicated that refrigeration might have caused the inactivation of pollen germination. The latter could either be overcome by aeration or reversed if pollen is refrigerated for a longer period. Room temperature storage directly reduced viability and did not induce temporary inactivation of pollen.
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Amsah, Amirah, Raja Ili Airina Raja Khalif, Jakkhaphan Pitchayapipatkul, Nor Dini Rusli, Khairiyah Mat, and Mohammad Mijanur Rahman. "Effect of extender supplemented with date palm pollen grain on bovine semen qualities." Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 8, no. 2 (August 6, 2021): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v8i2.629.

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Natural extract from plant-based has grown in popularity as protective properties in extender for preserving animal semen. Date palm pollen grain (DPPG) is commercially used for male fertility by enhancing sperm count, motility and DNA quality because DPPG contains flavonoids. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of a) extender supplementation with different concentration of DPPG on sperm motility, viability and membrane integrity b) different preservation storage of chilled and frozen bovine semen after seven days. The semen was collected through electrical stimulation and assigned to four treatment groups. The semen were diluted in Tris citric fructose egg yolk (TCFY) diluent (control group; CG) or supplemented with DPPG with different concentration (G1 = 2%, G2 = 4% and G3 = 6% in 20 mg DPPG/40 mL of Tris citric fructose (TCF). Semen samples were chilled (experiment 1) in the refrigerator (4°C) for seven days and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen (experiment 2) prior to dilution to four treatments. The samples were thawed in a water bath (37 °C) and analysed for motility, membrane integrity and viability by conventional laboratory methods. No significant difference was observed among treatment groups in experiment 1. However, in the second experiment, the addition of 6% DPPG resulted significantly higher (p<0.05) in sperm viability compared to control groups (71.25±1.04) vs (56.47±4.69). The supplementation of 6% DPPG showed the ability to protect the viability of bovine sperm, respectively.
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Laposha, O. A., S. A. Senin, S. V. Midyk, O. M. Iakubchak, T. V. Taran, I. V. Zabarna, L. М. Ishchenko, V. D. Ishchenko, and V. O. Ushkalov. "Determination Of T-2 And HT-2 Toxin In Wheat Grain By HPLC With Fluorescence Detection." Methods and Objects of Chemical Analysis 15, no. 3 (2020): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/moca.2020.137-143.

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The procedure of the T-2 and HT-2 toxins determination in wheat grain was developed by high performance liquid chromatography according to the following criteria: specificity, linearity, limits of detection (LOD), limits of quantification (LOQ), trueness (recovery), precision, stability. It was found that the correlation coefficient (R2) for T-2 and HT-2 toxin was 0.9999. Mean recoveries from (R, %) for T-2 and HT-2 toxin at the level of 50–150 μg·Kg-1 from wheat (sample blank) were 91 and 87 %, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD, %) of the measurement results under conditions of repeatability and intra-laboratory precision ranged from 0.23 to 3.93 %. The limits of quantification of the method for T-2 and HT-2 toxin was 2.2 and 1.2 μg·Kg-1, respectively. These data are within the range of acceptable minimum levels in accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 401/2006. It is confirmed that the standards of T-2, HT2 toxins in solutions can be stored up to 7 days in a freezing chamber, a refrigerator and at room temperature in a tightly closed container without actual loss of concentration. It was found that T-2 and HT-2 in a solution cannot be stored in a lit place, because according to the data obtained, sunlight leads to the destruction of these mycotoxins by 52 % and 59 %, respectively.
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Masrufa, Sadia, Anisur Rahman, Md Hasanuzzaman, Taufika Islam Anee, Md Hazrat Ali, and Mirza Hasanuzzaman. "Pre-Planting Hardening-Induced Variability in Yield Attributes and Yield of Inbreed and Hybrid Rice." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 19, no. 1 (October 9, 2016): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v19i1.29875.

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Short term hardening before transplanting may enhance the defence mechanism of rice seedlings against any stress during their establishment and contribute d to enhanced growth and yield. Thus, this study was conducted involving one local inbred (Pajam), one popular high yielding (BRRI dhan53) and one hybrid (BRRI hybrid dhan4) rice variety. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with two factors. Seedlings were transplanted directly to the main field as a control treatment and/or subjected to four different hardenings like seedlings storage in shade, open field under sunlight, float in water and cold air in refrigerator before transplantation. Hybrid variety out yielded both the local and inbred varieties due to their highest effective tillers, longer panicle length and 1000-grain weight. Pre-hardening of seedlings in open field under sunlight conditions enhanced the yield attributes and ultimate yield of rice compare to others. The best combination was pre-hardening seedlings in open field conditions with hybrid cultivar regarding to the yield attributes and final yields. It is suggested that hybrid variety and prehardening of seedlings before transplantation to the main field could be increase the rice yield productionsBangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 87-97
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8

Hussein, Omaima S. "Comparative study on wheat grains produced from plants treated by irradiated sodium alginate and stored in refrigerator with newly planted on vitality, quality, and their resistance to lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica)." IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science 6, no. 4 (2013): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2380-0641219.

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SULZER. "Refrigerated grain storage units." International Journal of Refrigeration 10, no. 3 (May 1987): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-7007(87)90017-x.

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Álvarez-Leal, Marta, Fernando Carreño, Alberto Orozco-Caballero, Pilar Rey, and Oscar A. Ruano. "High Strain Rate Superplasticity of WE54 Mg Alloy after Severe Friction Stir Processing." Metals 10, no. 12 (November 25, 2020): 1573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10121573.

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Friction stir processing (FSP) was used on coarse-grained WE54 magnesium alloy plates of as-received material. These were subjected to FSP under two different cooling conditions, refrigerated and non-refrigerated, and different severe processing conditions characterized by low rotation rate and high traverse speed. After FSP, ultrafine equiaxed grains and refinement of the coarse precipitates were observed. The processed materials exhibited high resistance at room temperature and excellent superplasticity at the high strain rate of 10−2 s−1 and temperatures between 300 and 400 °C. Maximum tensile superplastic elongation of 726% was achieved at 400 °C. Beyond 400 °C, a noticeable loss of superplastic response occurred due to a loss of thermal stability of the grain size. Grain boundary sliding is the operative deformation mechanism that can explain the high-temperature flow behavior of the ultrafine grained FSP-WE54 alloy, showing increasing superplasticity with increasing processing severity.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Grain refrigerator"

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Дідух, Віктор Васильович. "Холодильник колосниковий з модернізацією колосників." Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2019. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/30732.

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Метою магістерської дисертації являється вивчення призначення, конструкції і принципу роботи холодильника колосникового, його переваг і недоліків та обґрунтувано вибір варіанту модернізації колосників для удосконалення його роботи.Обєкт дослідження – машини для охолодження повітрям в технологічному процесі виробництва цементу. Предмет дослідження – холодильник колосниковий. У магістерській дисертації виконані опис конструкції і принципу дії холодильника колосникового, технологічної лінії, в якій застосовується дана машина, виявлені переваги і недоліки холодильника колосникового, проведено літературно-патентний пошук та обрано варіант конструкції холодильника колосникового з метою його модернізації та виконані розрахунки, які підтверджують працездатність холодильника колосникового. Запропонована модернізована конструкція колосника дозволить обмежити площу поверхні колосника, яка відчуває прямий вплив гарячого матеріалу, що забезпечить зменшення температурних навантажень на поверхню колосників і підвищить зносостійкості їх поверхні. В дисертації також виконані розділи з технології монтажу і експлуатації, стартап-проекту і охорони праці, які підтверджуть доцільність експлуатації холодильника колосникового.
The object of study is air-cooling machines in the cement manufacturing process. Subject of study - grate refrigerator. The aim of the master's thesis is to study the purpose, design and principle of operation of the grate fridge, its advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of the grate modernization option to improve its work is justified. In the master's thesis, a description of the design and operation principle of the grate refrigerator, the technological line in which this machine is used, the advantages and disadvantages of the grate refrigerator, literature and patent searches, and the design option of the grate refrigerator for the purpose of its modernization are selected and the calculations confirming the efficiency of the refrigerator are performed grate. The proposed modernized design of the grate will allow to limit the surface area of the grate, which is directly affected by the hot material, will reduce the temperature loads on the surface of the grate and increase the wear resistance of their surface. Also, in the master's thesis, sections on installation and operation technology, a startup project and labor protection were completed, I will confirm the feasibility of operating a grate refrigerator.
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Brown, James E. "Ion Microprobe δ18O-contraints on Fluid Mobility and Thermal Structure During Early Slip on a Low-angle Normal Fault, Chemehuevi Mountains, SE California." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1448361194.

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Books on the topic "Grain refrigerator"

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Cunney, M. B. Application of engine-driven heat pumps to grain drying with refrigerated storage. Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities, 1985.

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Parrish, Geoffrey. Carburizing. ASM International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.cmp.9781627083379.

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Carburizing: Microstructures and Properties explains how to recognize and address problems associated with case carburizing treatments for steels. It examines the nature of internal oxidation, decarburization, free carbides, and retained austenite and their effect on fatigue and fracture strength, wear resistance, impact toughness, hardness, and other properties. It discusses the influence of grain size, microcracking, microsegregation, and nonmetallic inclusions and explains how composition and cooling rate determine the core properties of carburized steel parts and how alloy and carbon content largely determine the depth and hardness of the case. It also discusses the effect of tempering, refrigeration, grinding, roller burnishing, and shot peening, and makes extensive use of images, graphs, charts, and examples throughout. For information on the print version, ISBN 978-0-87170-666-9, follow this link.
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Book chapters on the topic "Grain refrigerator"

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Domingues, D., C. Dowd, and W. Atwell. "Refrigerated Dough." In Encyclopedia of Food Grains, 359–66. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-394437-5.00246-1.

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"Chilling of Grain by Refrigerated Air." In The Mechanics and Physics of Modern Grain Aeration Management, 513–84. CRC Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420040333-17.

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Maier, Dirk, and Shlomo Navarro. "Chilling of Grain by Refrigerated Air." In The Mechanics and Physics of Modern Grain Aeration Management. CRC Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420040333.ch9.

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Jarvis, Adrian. "The Nineteenth-Century Roots of Globalization: Some Technological Considerations." In Global Markets. Liverpool University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9780968128848.003.0010.

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This chapter examines the significance of technological developments within the shipping industry, and how they enabled the internationalisation of the industry. Topics covered include refrigerated shipping, telegraphs, wireless communication, grain-handling facilities, and port-related developments (with particular focus on the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board of Liverpool.) The author concludes by asserting the cumulative nature of technological development pushed the industry forward and enabled economic growth.
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Conference papers on the topic "Grain refrigerator"

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Meckler, Milton, and Son H. Ho. "Integrate CHP to Improve Overall Corn Ethanol Economics." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66295.

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This paper presents a practical solution to improve the current overall corn ethanol economics. It is our intent in this paper also to focus our attention on extraction of corn ethanol and distillers dry grains with solubles (DDGS) employing the dry milling process since it appears to offer the greatest opportunity for substantial improvement. Alternate corn ethanol wet mill processing for the extraction of gluten protein meal for livestock food is also briefly described. A hybrid integrated steam jet refrigeration/freeze concentration system (ISJR/FCS) is proposed for the extraction of corn ethanol and DDGS in dry milling process. Technical feasibility of substantially reducing corn ethanol first cost on a life cycle basis as well as current operational costs and greenhouse gas emissions is demonstrated employing an actual case study.
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