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Septiani, Eka. "PENGARUH METODE PEMBELAJARAN DAN SIKAP BELAJAR SISWA TERHADAP NILAI AKADEMIK PADA SISWA SLTP NEGERI DI JAKARTA SELATAN." Pujangga 2, no. 2 (April 3, 2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47313/pujangga.v2i2.393.
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<p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><em>The title of research is The Effect of Teaching Methods and Learning Attitude of Academic Grades in Junior High School Students in South Jakartat. The aims to determine (a) the effect of Indonesian method of learning the value of a student's academi. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of Indonesian learning method to academic grades of student (b) knowing the influence of learning attitude to academic grades of student (c) knowing the influence of Indonesian learning method and learning attitude to determine the effect of academic grades of student. The method used is a survey method. The sample size of 60 eighth grade student of SLTPN 41 and SLTPN 107, selected using simple random sampling technique. The data collection was done by using observation and using questionnaire. Analysis of the data by using is ANOVA dua jalur. The research result shows: 1) There is a significant direct effect of jigsaw learning method withconvensional learning method to Indonesian academic grades of student, retrieved price F<sub>hitung </sub>(56,517) > F<sub>tabel</sub> (2,77) at a significant level 5%. 2)There is a significant direct effect of high learning attitude withlow learning attitudeto Indonesian academic grades of student, retrieved price F<sub>hitung </sub>(18,056) > F<sub>tabel</sub> (2,77) at significantlevel 5%. 3) There is a significant direct effect of learning methodand learning attitude students toIndonesian academic grades of student, retrieved price F<sub>hitung </sub>(5,235) > F<sub>tabel</sub> (2,77) at significant level 5%. This research resultis useful for improvement Indonesian academic grades of student.</em><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Keyword: Indonesian learning method , learning attitude, and Indonesian academic grades of student.</em></strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p>
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Zhu, Qingqiang, Jing Ye, Wenrong Zhu, Jingtao Wu, and Wenxin Chen. "Value of intravoxel incoherent motion in assessment of pathological grade of clear cell renal cell carcinoma." Acta Radiologica 59, no. 1 (June 26, 2017): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0284185117716702.
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Background Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) can provide a unique view of tissue perfusion without the use of exogenous contrast agents. Purpose To investigate the value of IVIM in assessing grades of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CRCC). Material and Methods A total of 107 patients with pathologically proven CRCC were included, 26 with grade I, 27 with grade II, 25 with grade III, and 29 with grade IV. These tumors were divided into low (I + II) and high grades (III + IV). Nine b values (0, 30, 50, 80, 150, 300, 500, 800, and 1500 s/mm2) were used in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). The tissue diffusivity (D), pseudodiffusivity (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) were calculated using bi-exponential fitting of the diffusion data. Results The D values of the four groups were 1.83 ± 0.38, 1.23 ± 0.19, 1.07 ± 0.26, and 0.37 ± 0.11 × 10–3 mm2/s ( P < 0.05). The D* values of the four groups were 0.079 ± 0.021, 0.053 ± 0.019, 0.047 ± 0.022, and 0.033 ± 0.017 ( P < 0.05). The f values of the four groups were 0.208 ± 0.09, 0.341 ± 0.12, 0.373 ± 0.15, and 0.461 ± 0.17 ( P < 0.05). Both the D and D* values correlated negatively with CRCC grading ( r = –0.677 and –0.693, P < 0.05). The f values correlated positively with CRCC grading (r = 0.699, P < 0.05). The areas of the D, D*, and f values under the ROC curves to diagnose low and high CRCC grades were 0.934, 0.837, and 0.793, respectively. The cutoff values of D, D*, and f were 1.13, 0.056, and 0.376, respectively; the diagnostic performance for low and high CRCC grading had a sensitivity of 82.0%, 80.7%, and 83.2% and a specificity of 90.8%, 86.3%, and 82.6%. Conclusion IVIM may provide information for differentiating CRCC grades.
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Fukasawa, Yoshimitsu, Shinichi Takano, Mitsuharu Fukasawa, Shinya Maekawa, Makoto Kadokura, Hiroko Shindo, Ei Takahashi, et al. "Form-Vessel Classification of Cholangioscopy Findings to Diagnose Biliary Tract Carcinoma’s Superficial Spread." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 9 (May 7, 2020): 3311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093311.
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We aimed to evaluate a newly developed peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) classification system by comparing classified lesions with histological and genetic findings. We analyzed 30 biopsied specimens from 11 patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) who underwent POCS. An original classification of POCS findings was made based on the biliary surface’s form (F factor, 4 grades) and vessel structure (V-factor, 3 grades). Findings were then compared with those of corresponding biopsy specimens analyzed histologically and by next-generation sequencing to identify somatic mutations. In addition, the histology of postoperative surgical stumps and preoperative POCS findings were compared. Histological malignancy rate in biopsied specimens increased with increasing F- and V-factor scores (F1, 0%; F1, 25%; F3, 50%; F4, 62.5%; p = 0.0015; V1, 0%; V2, 20%; V3, 70%; p < 0.001). Furthermore, we observed a statistically significant increase of the mutant allele frequency of mutated genes with increasing F- and V-factor scores (F factor, p = 0.0050; V-factor, p < 0.001). All surgical stumps were accurately diagnosed using POCS findings. The F–V classification of POCS findings is both histologically and genetically valid and will contribute to the methods of diagnosing the superficial spread of BTC tumors.
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Aguilar-Farias, Nicolas, Sebastian Miranda-Marquez, Pia Martino-Fuentealba, Kabir P. Sadarangani, Damian Chandia-Poblete, Camila Mella-Garcia, Jaime Carcamo-Oyarzun, et al. "2018 Chilean Physical Activity Report Card for Children and Adolescents: Full Report and International Comparisons." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 17, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 807–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2020-0120.
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Background: The study summarizes the findings of the 2018 Chilean Report Card (RC) on Physical Activity (PA) for Children and Adolescents and compares the results with the first Chilean RC and with other countries from the Global Matrix 3.0. Methods: A Research Work Group using a standardized methodology from the Global Matrix 3.0 awarded grades for 13 PA-related indicators based on the percentage of compliance for defined benchmarks. Different public data sets, government reports, and papers informed the indicators. Results: The grades assigned were for (1) “behaviors that contribute to overall PA levels”: overall PA, D−; organized sport participation, D−; active play, INC; and active transportation, F; (2) “factors associated with cardiometabolic risk”: sedentary behavior, C−; overweight and obesity, F; fitness, D; sleep, INC; and (3) “factors that influence PA”: family and peers, F; school, D; inclusion, INC; community and built environment, B; government strategies and investments, B−. Conclusions: Chile’s grades remained low compared with the first RC. On the positive side, Chile is advancing in environmental and policy aspects. Our findings indicate that the implementation of new strategies should be developed through collaboration between different sectors to maximize effective investments for increasing PA and decreasing sedentary time among children and adolescents in Chile.
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Deng, Xiao, Qin Fen Li, Xian Wen Hou, and Chun Yuan Wu. "Soil Microbial Functional Diversity from Different Infection Grades of Banana Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 2274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.2274.
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Thirty rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil samples from different infection grades(0, I, III, V and VII) of three typical banana plots(Jianfeng, Shiyuetian, Chongpo) infected by banana fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense) in Hainan province were collected to study the microbial community functional diversity applying Biolog-ECO microplates technology. The results are as follows: (1) Overall carbon source metabolic capacities of soil microbial community weaken with increasing of infection grades of banana fusarium wilt. (2) Richness indices, Simpson indices, Shannon indices and McIntosh indices of soil microbial community gradually decreased with increasing of infection grades of banana fusarium wilt. (3) Principal component analysis show that metabolic characteristics of soil microbial community significantly change between the healthy plants and diseased plants in the same banana plot. The results would provide information for explaining the pathogenesis of banana fusarium wilt and controlling its incidence by applying microbial ecology to regulate soil environmental measures.
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Zembura, Pawel, Aleksandra Goldys, and Hanna Nalecz. "Results From Poland’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 13, s2 (November 2016): S237—S241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2016-0386.
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Background:Poland’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth is the first assessment of child and youth physical activity (PA) in Poland using the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance grading system. The main goal was to summarize and describe the current state of child and youth PA to increase awareness and surveillance.Methods:The systematic methodology that underpins the Active Healthy Kids Canada Report Card was adapted and applied to the Polish report card. The best available data were consolidated, reviewed by a group of experts, and used to assign the letter grades to 9 core PA indicators on a scale ranging from A (highest) to F (lowest).Results:The 9 indicators were graded as such: 1) Overall Physical Activity (D), 2) Organized Sport Participation (C), 3) Active Play (INC), 4) Active Transportation (C), 5) Sedentary Behaviors (D), 6) Family and Peers (C), 7) School (B), 8) Community and the Built Environment (C), and 9) Government Strategies and Investments (C).Conclusions:The final grades show a strong role of school in providing PA for children and youth in Poland. However, promotion of school-based sport participation appears to be insufficient by itself to sustainably promote PA in this group.
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Fu, You, and Ryan D. Burns. "Demographic Characteristics Related to Motor Skills in Children Aged 5-7 Years Old." International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science 6, no. 2 (April 30, 2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.6n.2p.15.
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Background: Motor skill is important to young children’s overall well-being. However, there has been a paucity of work examining the demographic characteristics on young children’ motor skill. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in motor skills across socio-economic status (SES) and grade levels in elementary school children. Method: Participants were 651 kindergarten to 2nd grade children (mean age = 6.2 ± 0.9 years; 305 girls, 346 boys) recruited from two low SES schools and another two high SES schools. Selected motor skill items were measured using the Test for Gross Motor Development-3rd Edition (TGMD-3) instrument. Data were collected once at each school during physical education class and recess period. A 4 × 3 × 2 × 2 Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) test was employed to examine the differences among grade, SES, ethnicity, and sex on TGMD-3 scores. Results: There were significant main effects for grade (Wilks’ lambda = 0.34, F (2, 1274) = 229.6, p < 0.001) and SES (Wilks’ lambda = 0.70, F (2, 637) = 136.3, p < 0.001). Follow-up tests revealed statistically significant differences between grades on locomotor, object control and overall TGMD-3, with the 2nd graders displaying highest mean scores, followed by 1st graders and kindergarteners. Follow-up tests suggested that high SES children displaying statistically significant higher mean scores than low SES students on all motor skill variables. Conclusion: Older children demonstrated higher motor competence levels, and those with high SES displayed higher motor skill levels than lower SES children.
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Healey Bird, B. R., N. Grant, K. Dunleavy, J. Janik, J. Cohen, S. Pittaluga, S. Steinberg, E. Jaffe, and W. Wilson. "Treatment and biology of lymphomatoid granulomatosis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 8029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.8029.
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8029 Background: LYG is a rare angiocentric-destructive process with EBV+ B-cells and reactive T-cells. LYG is graded with grades I-II showing rare-moderate large EBV+ B-cells (usually polyclonal or oligoclonal) and grade III showing numerous large EBV+ B-cells (usually monoclonal), likely reflecting progressive transformation. Historically, steroids and/or chemotherapy have a 14 mos median survival. Methods: We are investigating Interferon-a (I-a) for grade I/II and dose-adjusted EPOCH ±Rituximab (R) for grade III LYG. Results: Characteristics of 53 pts are: male sex 68%; median age (range) 46 (17–67) and median ECOG P.S. 1 (0–3). Disease sites include lung 98%, CNS 38%, kidney 15%, skin 17%, liver 19% and nodes 4%. On study LYG grades are I-30%, II-26% and III-44%. Prior treatment was none-28%, chemotherapy± R-34%, and steroids alone-40% of pts. For grades I/II, I-a is begun at 7.5 million IUs TIW and escalated as tolerated until disease regression and continued 1 yr after CR. Of 31 patients treated with I-a, PFS is 62% at the median f/u of 5.3 yrs. Of 25 evaluable pts (3 NE; 3 TE), 60% had sustained CR for a median of 60 mos (4–175). In 9 pts who progressed on I-a, grade III was found in 5. Thus, in 20 pts with only grade I/II, 75% had sustained CR with I-a. In 11 evaluable pts with CNS disease, 81% achieved remission with I-a alone. The median time to remission is 9 mos (3–40) and median I-a dose is 20 MIU (7–40). Among 24 pts receiving DA-EPOCH±R, PFS is 40% at the median f/u of 28 mos. Of 21 evaluable pts (2 NE, 1 TE), 66% achieved CR. OS of all 53 pts is 68% at the median f/u of 4 yrs. Median EBV viral loads in 29 pts at study entry were 18 copies/10e6 genome equivalents (0–22727) (normal<200). Lymphocyte subsets in 30 pts showed a median CD4–428 (24–2322) and CD8–165 cells/mm3 (42–1316). In 12 pts in CR and with serial values, the mean CD8 cells (131 ± 44) (p2= 0.013) but not CD4 cells (65 ± 75) increased with treatment. Conclusions: High dose I-a produces sustained remissions in grade I/II LYG and is effective in CNS LYG. DA-EPOCH±R can produce durable CRs in grade III LYG. We hypothesize LYG emerges in a compromised immune milieu and undergoes progressive transformation if not effectively treated. Historical results suggest steroids may allow transformation by compromising immune function. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Al-Kuwari, Mohamed G., Izzeldin A. Ibrahim, Eiman M. Al Hammadi, and John J. Reilly. "Results From Qatar’s 2016 Active Healthy Kids Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 13, s2 (November 2016): S246—S250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2016-0397.
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Background:The first Qatar Active Healthy Kids (QAHK) Report Card was developed in 2015–2016. It is a synthesis of the available evidence on physical activity in children and youth in the state of Qatar—an assessment of the state of the nation. The report card is important for future physical activity advocacy, policy, and program development.Methods:The QAHK Report Card was inspired by the Active Healthy Kids Scotland 2013 Report Card. The methodology used in Scotland’s report card was adapted for Qatar. A Working Group identified indicators for physical activity and related health behaviors, and evaluated the available data on these indicators. The card grades were determined by the percentage of children meeting guidelines or recommendations.Results:The 2016 QAHK Report Card consisted of 9 indicators: 6 Physical Activity and Health Behaviors and Outcomes, and 3 Settings and Influences on these health behaviors and outcomes. The indicator National Policy, Strategy, and Investment was assigned the highest grade (B). Four indicators were assigned D grades: Sedentary Behavior, Dietary Habits, Organized Sports Participation, and Family and Peer Influence. Physical Activity and Obesity were both graded F. Two indicators could not be graded due to insufficient data and/or absence of a recommendation: Active and Outdoor Play, and Community and School Influence.Conclusions:The QAHK Report Card identified weaknesses and gaps in the evidence on physical activity and health in children and youth in Qatar. The quality of evidence was poor for some indicators, with some data collection methods of limited validity and reliability, or only available for a limited age range, so the grades are best estimates of the current situation in Qatar. Future surveys and research using objective physical activity measures will support the development of a second QAHK Report Card by 2018.
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Sanghavi, Kinjal, Anthony C. Wiseman, Qing Cao, Erica D. Warlick, Claudio G. Brunstein, Richard Brundage, John Rogosheske, et al. "Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Fludarabine to Control Exposure and Improve Outcomes after Reduced Intensity Conditioning Transplantation." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 3869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3869.3869.
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Abstract Fludarabine (FLU) is a chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressive agent used in reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. High exposure to F-ara-A, the active metabolite of FLU, has been associated with more treatment related mortality (TRM). No standard dosing models allow estimation of exposure and individualized dosing. We developed a population pharmacokinetic model for adults that estimates F-ara-A clearance (Cl) from which area under the curve (AUC0-∞) is calculated.(Clin Pharmacol Ther, Vol95, S87, March 2014) We retrospectively tested the performance of the model by associating individual predicted AUC 0-∞to clinical outcomes. TV F-ara-A CL (L/hr) = (7.04 + 3.9 * (CrCl/85) * (70/IBW)) * (IBW/70)0.75 AUC 0-∞ (μg-hr/ml) = Administered dose in F-ara-A equivalents (mg)/Estimated TV F-ara-A Cl (L/hr) Adult HCT patients (n=301, 2008 to 2014) who received IV FLU in their conditioning regimen were included. FLU doses, actual body weight, height, serum creatinine, along with TRM, engraftment and acute GVHD were reviewed. TRM was defined as death without relapse or disease progression. GVHD was staged and graded according to the standard GVHD criteria. The median age (range) was 58 yrs. (18-75). 131(43.5%) received PBSCT, 31(10.3%) bone marrow and cord blood in 139(46.2%). FLU doses were 25-40 mg/m2/day; nearly all x 5 days. The median (range) daily dose was 67 mg (38 mg-100 mg). The pharmacokinetic model was used to estimate the F-ara-A Cl and then predict their AUC0-∞ from the first dose and the total cumulative AUC0-∞. Recursive partitioning regression analysis was used to determine the optimal cut points for the first dose AUC0-∞ and cumulative AUC0-∞towards clinical outcomes. The cumulative incidence of engraftment, TRM and acute GVHD (grades II-IV and III-IV) was calculated using death prior to event as a competing risk. The proportional hazards model of Fine and Gray was used to assess the association of F-ara-A exposures towards TRM, acute GVHD and engraftment. The median (range) F-ara-A Cl, AUC0-∞ and cumulative AUC0-∞ predicted from the model were 10.92 L/hr (7.51-15.37), 4.79 μg-hr/ml (2.40 -7.52) and 23.93 μg-hr/ml (11.20-37.62), respectively. Patients with a higher first dose AUC0-∞ ≥6 μg-hr/ml had a higher incidence [95%CI] of day 100 TRM (20% [7-33%] vs 6% [4-9%], p<0.01) compared to those with <6 μg-hr/ml. Similarly, higher cumulative AUC0-∞ ≥30 μg-hr/ml was also associated with higher risk of day 100 TRM (21% [7-34%] vs 6% [3-9%], p<0.01) compared to those <30 μg-hr/ml. Both PK measures [first dose AUC0-∞ ≥6 μg-hr/ml and cumulative AUC0-∞≥30 μg-hr/ml] had higher risks of 12 month TRM (32% [16-48%] vs 15% [11-20%], p=0.02) and (34% [17-51%] vs 15% [11-20%], p=0.02), respectively. An AUC0-∞ ≥4 μg-hr/mL led only to a marginally higher risk of 6 month GVHD grades II-IV and III-IV (42% [35-48%] vs 28% [14-41%] p=0.07 and 43% [37-50] vs. 30%[16-44%], p=0.06, respectively) compared to <4 μg-hr/ml. However a cumulative AUC0-∞≥20 μg-hr/ml was associated with a significantly greater risk of acute GVHD grades II-IV (43% [36-49%] vs. 26% [14-38%], p= 0.02) and grades III-IV (44%, [38-51%] vs, 28% [15-41%], p=0.03). Lower F-ara-A clearance and higher AUC 0-∞ were associated with greater risks of TRM and acute GVHD. These data support personalizing FLU dose rather than using empirical body surface area based dosing. Targeting FLU therapy may improve outcomes after HCT. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Amirchaghmaghi, Maryam, Nooshin Mohtasham, and Pegah Mosannen Mozaffari. "Comparison of COX2 Expression between Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Leukoplakia and Normal Mucosa." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 13, no. 2 (2012): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1122.
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ABSTRACT Aim To compare cyclooxygenase 2 expression (COX2-E) between normal, oral leukoplakia lesions and different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Materials and methods Around 90 paraffin embedded blocks consisting of 45 SCC, 15 leukoplakia and 17 controls were selected for immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detection of COX2- E. COX2-E was divided in four grades, as A (0-10%), B (11-40%), C (41-70%) and D (> 70%) cellularity. Results Mean age of the patients was 55.17 ± 18.41 (M:57.92 ± 16.87, F:52.19 ± 19.74). A significant difference was found in COX2 expression between SCC total and, basal and spinous layers of leukoplakia (p < 0.05). COX2-E in spinous layer of normal tissue was significantly lower than SCC (p = 0.000). COX2-E was significantly different in SCC grade 3 and leukoplakia (p = 0.001) and normal tissue (p = 0.000). COX2-E was significantly higher in SCC grade 3 compared to leukoplakia (basal layer) (p = 0.000). Conclusion We showed a significant higher COX2-E in SCC lesions compared to leukoplakias and normal controls. In our study COX2-E was not significantly different in SCC grades 1, 2 and 3 (p > 0.05). How to cite this article Amirchaghmaghi M, Mohtasham N, Mozaffari PM. Comparison of COX2 Expression between Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Leukoplakia and Normal Mucosa. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(2):205-209.
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Levine, John E., Thomas M. Braun, Andrew C. Harris, Ernst Holler, Austin Taylor, Holly K. Miller, John M. Magenau, et al. "A Biomarker Algorithm Defines Onset Grades of Acute Graft-Vs-Host Disease with Distinct Non-Relapse Mortality." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.661.661.
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Abstract The severity of symptoms at the onset of graft versus host disease (GVHD) does not accurately define risk, and thus most patients (pts) are treated alike with high dose systemic steroids. We hypothesized that concentrations of one or more plasma biomarkers at the time of GVHD diagnosis could define distinct non-relapse mortality (NRM) risk grades that could guide treatment in a multicenter setting. We first analyzed plasma that was prospectively collected at acute GVHD onset from 492 HCT pts from 2 centers, which we randomly divided into training (n=328) and validation (n=164) sets; 300 HCT pts who enrolled on multicenter BMT CTN primary GVHD therapy clinical trials provided a second validation set. We measured the concentrations of 3 prognostic biomarkers (TNFR1, REG3α, and ST2) and used competing risks regression to create an algorithm from the training set to compute a predicted probability (p) of 6 mo NRM from GVHD diagnosis where log[-log(1-p)] = -9.169 + 0.598(log2TNFR1) - 0.028(log2REG3α) + 0.189(log2ST2). We then rank ordered p from lowest to highest and identified thresholds that met predetermined criteria for 3 GVHD grades so that NRM would increase 15% on average with each grade. A range of thresholds in the training set met these criteria, and we chose one near each median to demarcate each grade. In the resulting grades, risk of NRM significantly increased with each grade after the onset of GVHD in both the training and validation sets (FIG 1A,B). Most (80%) NRM was due to steroid-refractory GI GVHD, even though surprisingly only half of these pts presented with GI symptoms. We next applied the biomarker algorithm and thresholds to the second multicenter validation set (n=300) and observed similarly significant differences in NRM (FIG 1C). Relapse, which was treated as a competing risk for NRM, did not differ among the three GVHD grades (Figure 1D-F). The differences in NRM thus translated into significantly different overall survival for each GVHD grade (Figure 1G-I). These differences in survival are explained by primary therapy response at day 28, which was highly statistically different for each of Ann Arbor grade (grade 1, 81%; grade 2, 68%; grade 3, 46%; p<0.001 for all comparisons). We performed additional analyses on the multicenter validation set of pts that developed GVHD after treatment with a wide spectrum of supportive care, conditioning and GVHD prophylaxis practices. As expected, the Glucksberg grade at GVHD onset did not correlate with NRM (data not shown). Despite small sample sizes, the same biomarker algorithm and thresholds defined three distinct risk strata for NRM within each Glucksberg grade (FIG 2A-C). Pts with the higher Ann Arbor grades were usually less likely to respond to treatment. Unexpectedly, approximately the same proportion of pts were assigned to each Ann Arbor grade (~25% grade 1, ~55% grade 2, ~20% grade 3) regardless of the Glucksberg grade (FIG 2D-F). Several clinical risk factors, such as donor type, age, conditioning, and HLA-match, can predict treatment response and survival in patients with GVHD. Using Ann Arbor grade 2 as a reference, we found that Ann Arbor grade 1 predicted a lower risk of NRM (range 0.16-0.32) and grade 3 a higher risk of NRM (range 1.4-2.9), whether or not any of these clinical risk factors were present. To directly compare Ann Arbor grades to Glucksberg grades, we fit a multivariate model with simultaneous adjustment for both grades. FIG 3 shows that Ann Arbor grade 3 pts had significantly higher risk for NRM (p=0.005) and Ann Arbor grade 1 pts had significantly less risk for NRM (p=0.002) than pts with Ann Arbor grade 2. By contrast, the confidence intervals for the HRs of the Glucksberg grades encompassed 1.0, demonstrating a lack of statistical significance between grades. In conclusion, we have developed and validated an algorithm of plasma biomarkers that define three grades of GVHD with distinct risks of NRM and treatment failure despite differences in clinical severity at presentation. The biomarkers at GVHD onset appear to reflect GI tract disease activity that does not correlate with GI symptom severity at the time. This algorithm may be useful in clinical trial design. For example, it can exclude pts who are likely to respond to standard therapy despite severe clinical presentations, thus limiting the exposure of low risk pts to investigational agents while also identifying the high risk pts most likely to benefit from investigational approaches. Figure 1 Figure 1. Figure 2 Figure 2. Figure 3 Figure 3. Disclosures Levine: University of Michigan: GVHD biomarker patent Patents & Royalties. Braun:University of Michigan: GVHD biomarker patent Patents & Royalties. Ferrara:University of Michigan: GVHD biomarker patent Patents & Royalties.
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Tammelin, Tuija H., Annaleena Aira, Matti Hakamäki, Pauliina Husu, Jouni Kallio, Sami Kokko, Kaarlo Laine, et al. "Results From Finland’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 13, s2 (November 2016): S157—S164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2016-0297.
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Background:Finland’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth gathers and translates research results and assesses the status and promotion of physical activity (PA) among Finnish children and youth less than 18 years of age. This article summarizes the results and provides grades for 9 indicators.Methods:The working group evaluated the evidence and assigned grades of A (highest, 81% to 100%), B, C, D, or F (lowest, 0% to 20%) for 9 PA indicators using the Active Healthy Kids Canada Report Card development process.Results:The grades varied in Finland as follows: 1) Overall PA/fulfillment of recommendations = D, 2) Organized Sport Participation = C, 3) Active Play = C, 4) Active Transportation = B, 5) Sedentary Behaviors = D, 6) Family and Peers = C, 7) School = B, 8) Community and the Built Environment = B, 9) Government = B.Conclusions:Despite good policies and programs to promote PA in Finland, children and youth overall PA levels are low, whereas their time spent sedentary is high. More effective interventions, operation models, concrete tools as well as environmental solutions are needed to support the work toward more physically active childhood and youth.
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Hunter, Ann, Prem Mahendra, Keith Wilson, Paul Fields, Gordon Cook, Andrew Peniket, Charles Crawley, et al. "A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, Multicentre Trial of ATL-104, a Swallowable Mouthwash, in Patients with Oral Mucositis Following Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantion (PBSCT)." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.45.45.
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Abstract Mucositis is a serious complication of PBSCT. ATL-104 is a recombinant protein, the L-form of phytohaemagglutinin, a potent mitogenic for epithelial cells of the GI tract, resistant to acid and protease degradation. A prospective, pilot study was conducted to assess the effect of ATL-104 on mucositis in patients receiving high dose melphalan (66%) or BEAM (34%) before an autologous PBSCT. Each dose consisted of 15mL of solution containing 50, 100, or 150mg ATL-104 or placebo. For 3 days prior to chemotherapy and for 3 days following transplantation patients swilled the solution in the mouth for 15–30 seconds and then swallowed. Assessments were made for 28 days following dosing or until discharge, for pain, ulceration and the other factors which contribute to the WHO (World Health Organisation) or WCCNR (Western Consortium Cancer Research Nurses) mucositis scales. The first part of the study used a dose ascending design, commencing with 50 mg ATL-104, with patients randomised 3:1, active:placebo. A safety review was performed after 8 patients at each dose. After completion of the 150 mg cohort, a randomised parallel arm design with all doses and placebo was used (1:1:1:1). In total, 63 patients (46 M, 17 F) were treated; 15/16 patients in each group; 54 received all six doses and were fully assessed. ATL-104 at all doses produced a consistent reduction in duration of all grades of oral mucositis, compared to placebo (no statistical significance testing planned). For WHO grades 3–4, the reduction was 4.4, 4.2 and 3.4 days for ATL-104 50mg, 100mg and 150mg respectively, a fall of between 51%–64%, compared with placebo. There were also reductions in the duration of mucositis on the WCCNR scale. There was a reduction in the duration of ulceration scored 1–4, of 2.7, 0.8 and 2.4 days for ATL-104 50mg, 100mg and 150mg respectively, a fall of between 15–43% compared to placebo. No clear effect of ATL-104 on the incidence of mucositis or patients perception of pain was apparent. ATL-104 was well tolerated at all doses. Conclusion: ATL-104 warrants further investigation in larger, randomised, clinical trials. Placebo ATL-104 50 mg ATL104 100mg ATL-104 150 mg Incidence WHO Grades 3–4 Mucositis (%) 50 46 31 67 Duration WHO Grades 3–4 Mucositis (days/SD) 6.7 (1.5) 2.3 (1.5) 2.5 (1.7) 3.3 (1.7) Incidence WHO Grades 2–4 Mucositis (%) 71 62 77 67 Duration WHO Grades 2–4 Mucositis (days/SD) 6.9 (4.0) 4.0 (2.3) 4.9 (3.6) 4.8 (4.5) Incidence WCCNR Grades 2–3 Mucositis (%) 93 92 85 93 Duration WCCNR Grades 2–3 Mucosits (days/SD) 11.6 (5.3) 8.2 (4.7) 8.1 (4.0) 7.8 (2.5) Incidence of Mouth Ulcers Scored 1–4 (%) 71 62 62 68 Duration Mouth Ulcers Scored 1–4 (days/SD) 6.3 (4.2) 3.6 (2.5) 5.5 (3.8) 3.9 (2.1) Incidence Pain/Soreness 1–10 (%) 77 53 77 83 Duration Pain/Soreness 1–10 (days/SD) 7.4 (4.4) 7.0 (3.9) 5.3 (3.4) 6.4 (3.4)
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Ghanima, Waleed, Julia Turbiner Geyer, Christina Soo Lee, Attilio Orazi, Leonardo Boiocchi, Allison Imahiyerobo, and James B. Bussel. "Bone Marrow Fibrosis In Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) Patients Treated With Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists (TRA) – a Single Center Long-Term Follow-Up." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 3527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.3527.3527.
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Abstract Introduction TRAs increase platelet counts by stimulating the TPO-receptor. A known effect of TRA treatment is increased bone marrow fibrosis (MF). This study explored extent of MF, its clinical relevance, and incidence of phenotypic or karyotypic abnormalities in TRA-treated ITP patients. Methods This single-center study was carried out at the Platelet Disorders Center of Weill Cornell Medical College (WCMC), NY, USA. Eligibility criteria were: diagnosis of ITP; treatment with a TRA (romiplostim, eltrombopag, AKR 501 (Eisai) or Shionogi agent), ≥ 1 bone marrow biopsy (BMB) performed during TRA treatment. BMBs were performed every 1–2 years as standard f/u procedure for our ITP patients on TRA. MF grade was assessed from MF-0 to MF-3 according to the European Consensus Grading System in 141 BMBs acquired prior to (n=15), during (n=117) and after (n=9) TRA-treatment from 66 patients. Fifty disease-free staging BMBs served as controls. BMBs were separately reviewed by 3 pathologists to assess the grade of MF and then reviewed concurrently as needed to reach consensus. The study was approved by the IRB of WCMC; informed written consent was obtained from patients. Results Median (Q1-Q3) age at the time of 1st BMB was 38 years (18-63); 34 males 32 females. 32 patients had > 2 on-treatment BMBs. The distribution of MF-grades is shown in the figure. The proportion of MF-0 decreased from 67% in pretreatment biopsies (BM0) to 21% in the first set of BMBs (BM1); in the 15 patients with pre- and on-treatment BMBs there was a significantly higher number of MF-0 in BM0 as compared to BM1 (10/15 vs. 3/15;p=0.016) suggesting that TRAs induce fibrosis in treated patients. In patients with multiple on-treatment BMBs (n=32), first on-treatment BMB was graded as MF-1 in 24. In the last set of biopsies (BM-Last) 8 had progressed to MF-2/3, 12 remained MF-1, and 4 became MF-0 illustrating the unpredictability of the future course of MF from the first on-treatment marrow. Nonetheless, a higher number of MF-2/3 BMB was found in BM-Last as compared to BM1 [10 (31%) vs. 3 (9%) of 32; p=0.039]. In 5 patients with MF-2/3 BMB, TRA were discontinued: on f/u 2 had less fibrosis, 1 remained the same, and 2 are awaiting f/u BMB. BMB was graded MF-0 in 54% and MF-1 in 46% of control BMB; no difference was found in the proportion of MF-0/1 and 2/3 in BM0 compared to controls, but increased MF-2/3 was seen in BM-last compared to controls (p<0.001). At BM-last in patients dichotomized by MF-0/1 vs. MF-2/3, differences in hemoglobin levels (13.6 vs. 12.4 g/dl, respectively), absolute neutrophil counts (4.8 vs. 7 x109/L), platelet counts (92 vs. 123 x109/L), and LDH levels (212 vs. 219 U/L) were not significantly different. Of the following 6 clinical factors: age, duration of disease, duration of treatment, splenectomy status, type and dose of agent; only age was significantly higher in patients with MF-2/3 as opposed to MF0/1 at time of BM-last [57 vs. 38 years; p=0.01]. There was a tendency toward longer duration of treatment in patients with MF-2/3 as compared to MF-0/1 (3.6 y vs. 2.7y; p=0.16). Flow cytometric immunophenotyping of BMB in 89 examinations did not reveal emergence of clonal abnormalities. Cytogenetic analysis in 72 BMBs did not show any clonal karyotypic abnormalities. Conclusions This large single center experience indicates that TRAs induce some degree of MF as supported by: 1) decreasing fraction of MF-0 after initiation of TRA, 2) decreasing fraction of MF-0/1 (normal grades of MF) in subsequent on-treatment BMBs, 3) increasing fraction of MF-2/3 (pathological grades) in patients with multiple on-treatment BMBs. Only older age was associated with higher grades of fibrosis. However, MF remained stable in most patients within the range found in normal individuals. Higher grades of MF (MF-2/3) observed in some patients were not clinically significant based on peripheral blood counts. Overall, since a number of patients developed MF-2 and even MF-3, this suggests a risk of progressive fibrosis in approximately 20% of patients. No neoplastic immunophenotypic or karyotypic abnormalities emerged during treatment with TRAs. Annual or bi-annual follow-up with BMB should be carefully considered in TRA-treated patients. Discontinuation of TRA should be encouraged in those who develop/progress to MF-3 and possibly even MF-2 to avoid potential further progression of MF Disclosures: Bussel: Amgen: Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; GlaxoSmithKline: Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Cangene: Research Funding; Genzyme: Research Funding; IgG of America: Research Funding; Immunomedics: Research Funding; Ligand: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Eisai: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Shionogi: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Sysmex: Research Funding; Symphogen: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees.
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Bender, William N. "Inferred Brain Hemispheric Preference and Behavior of Learning Disabled Students." Perceptual and Motor Skills 64, no. 2 (April 1987): 521–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1987.64.2.521.
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Correlations between teachers' ratings of behavior and a paper-and-pencil score for brain hemispheric preferences were generated for 38 learning disabled and 38 nonlearning disabled children in Grades 3 to 6, to identify previously described relationships for nonhandicapped children. Also, the children were compared on scores for brain hemispheric preference. Only one correlation between the teachers' ratings of behavior and hemispheric preference was noted for each group. Also, F tests indicated no difference in hemispheric preferences between the groups.
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Reilly, John J., Smita Dick, Geraldine McNeill, and Mark S. Tremblay. "Results from Scotland’s 2013 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 11, s1 (January 2014): S93—S97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2014-0183.
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Background:The Active Healthy Kids Scotland Report Card aims to consolidate existing evidence, facilitate international comparisons, encourage more evidence-informed physical activity and health policy, and improve surveillance of physical activity.Methods:Application of the Active Healthy Kids Canada Report Card process and methodology to Scotland, adapted to Scottish circumstances and availability of data.Results:The Active Healthy Kids Scotland Report Card 2013 consists of indicators of 7 Health Behaviors and Outcomes and 3 Influences on Health Behaviors and Outcomes. Grades of F were assigned to Overall Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior (recreational screen time), and Obesity Prevalence. A C was assigned to Active Transportation and a D- was assigned to Diet. Two indicators, Active and Outdoor Play and Organized Sport Participation, could not be graded. Among the Influences, Family Influence received a D, while Perceived Safety, Access, and Availability of Spaces for Physical Activity and the National Policy Environment graded more favorably with a B.Conclusions:The Active Healthy Kids Canada process and methodology was readily generalizable to Scotland. The report card illustrated low habitual physical activity and extremely high levels of screen-based sedentary behavior, and highlighted several opportunities for improved physical activity surveillance and promotion strategies.
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Dobiszewski, Sarah, Leslie Mahler, and Ingrid Lofgren. "Assessing Diet Quality of People with Parkinson's Disease: Dietary Screening Tool Versus HEI-2015." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa046_017.
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Abstract Objectives To assess the diet quality of people with Parkinson's Disease (PwPD) using two assessment tools: Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 and the Dietary Screening Tool (DST). HEI-2015 and DST scores were compared for alignment to explore associations between HEI-2015 and DST total scores and sub-scores. Methods This secondary data analysis utilized a total of 28 participants from two studies examining PwPD and their informal caregivers. Dietary data was collected with two 24-hour recalls using the multiple pass method and entered into the Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR). SAS Version 9.4 was used to compute HEI-2015 scores to assess diet quality. The HEI-2015 score is a total of 100 points and is based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans for 2015–2020. Total HEI-2015 scores and 13 component scores were interpreted using the graded approach (grades A-F). Radar graphs provide a visual representation. Participants also completed the DST. The DST is a 25-item questionnaire used to identify dietary patterns and assess nutritional risk. Total scores were categorized into at risk <60, possibly risk 60–75, and not at risk >75. Sub-scores were calculated with point classifications for specific food categories. These sub-scores were divided into tertials of recommended intakes less than 50%, 50–80% and 80–100%, and compared for alignment between DST sub-scores and HEI-2015 sub-scores by assessing total number of pairs per category. Results The mean total score was 59.4 ± 28.6 for DST and 58.7 ± 22.2 for HEI-2015. HEI-2015 scores fell into grades of A (n = 0) B (n = 3) C (n = 3) D (n = 7) F (n = 14). PwPD who were categorized at risk from the DST scores (n = 18) received an HEI grade of D/F. PwPD who were at possible risk (n = 7) received a grade of B/C/D. PwPD who were not at risk (n = 3) received a grade of B/C/D for sub-scores, vegetable intake had a 50% alignment in scores, fat/sugar 43% alignment, whole grains and dairy 46% alignment and fruit 39% alignment. Conclusions There appeared to be partial alignment between the total HEI-2015 scores and DST nutritional risk scores. Sub-scores differ 50% of the time. Due to differences between the assessment tools, more research is needed to validate the DST in PwPD as this can be a less taxing assessment compared with 24-hour recalls. Funding Sources There was no external funding for this study.
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Spencer, Andrew, John Catalano, Andrew Grigg, Michael Leahy, Craig Underhill, Vinod Ganju, and Christopher Arthur. "A Stratified Risk-Adapted Approach to Lymphoma Salvage in an Outpatient Setting." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 4597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.4597.4597.
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Abstract Aims: Interim analysis of the safety and efficacy of a risk-adjusted approach to lymphoma salvage therapy. Methods: Patients were stratified - Group 1 (G1) (good risk - first relapse following durable CR1); Group 2 (G2) (poor risk - primary refractory, >1 relapse, or non-durable CR1); or Group 3 (G3) (relapse post-ASCT). Two regimens were evaluated: VGF (vinorelbine 25mg/sqm days 1 and 8, gemcitabine 1000mg/sqm days 1 and 8, pegfilgrastim 6mg SC day 9) (G1/3) and F-GIV (VGF plus ifosfamide 3000mg/sqm day 1) (G2). Following 2 cycles all patients were re-staged. Responsive patients (>50% reduction in disease and functional imaging negative) received 2 further cycles of the same therapy, the remainder ‘escalated’ therapy to F-GIV (G1/3) or IVAC (G2) (inpatient ifosfamide, VP-16 and Ara-C). Results: 45 of a planned 90 patients, median age 56 years, are evaluable (G1 = 16, G2 = 23, G3 = 6). Diagnoses were Hodgkin’s lymphoma n = 9 and NHL, n = 36 (DLC = 24, follicular = 6, others = 6). To date G1 and G2 have received 127 cycles of VGF or F-GIV, with grades 3/4 neutropenia or thrombocytopenia in 31% and 17% (VGF) and 74% and 78% (F-GIV) of patients, respectively. Febrile neutropenia, admission, treatment delay or dose-reductions occurred with 13%, 28%, 12%, 6% of cycles, respectively. Based on ITT the ORR is 59% (CR 33%). Conclusion: VGF and F-GIV can be safely administered on an outpatient basis and show significant activity against advanced lymphoma.
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Hanbazaza, Mahitab A., Lucila Triador, Geoff D. C. Ball, Anna Farmer, Katerina Maximova, Alexander First Nation, and Noreen D. Willows. "The Impact of School Gardening on Cree Children's Knowledge and Attitudes toward Vegetables and Fruit." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 76, no. 3 (September 2015): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2015-007.
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Purpose: School-based interventions may increase children's preferences for vegetables and fruit (V&F). This Canadian study measured changes in Indigenous First Nations schoolchildren's V&F knowledge, preferences, and home consumption following the implementation of a gardening and V&F snack program. Methods: At baseline, 7 months, and 18 months, children in grades 1–6 (i) listed at least 5 V&F they knew, (ii) tasted and indicated their preferences towards 9 vegetables and 8 fruit using a 6-point Likert scale, and (iii) indicated their home consumption of 17 V&F. Results: At all 3 time points, 56.8% (n = 66/116) of children provided data. Children listed a greater number of V&F at 18 months (4.9 ± 0.1) than at baseline (4.5 ± 1.0) or 7 months (4.7 ± .07) (F(1.6,105.6) = 6.225, P < 0.05). Vegetable preferences became more positive between baseline (37.9 ± 9.3) and 7 months (39.9 ± 9.2), but returned to baseline levels at 18 months (37.3 ± 8.7) (F(1.6,105.8) = 4.581, P < 0.05). Fruit preferences at 18 months (42.7 ± 3.0) were greater than at baseline (41.1 ± 4.3) and at 7 months (41.9 ± 5.1) (F(1.7,113.3) = 3.409, P < 0.05). No change in V&F consumption occurred at home. Conclusions: Despite improvements in V&F knowledge and preferences, home consumption of V&F did not occur. Complementing school-based programs with home-based components may be needed to influence V&F intake of children.
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Park, Sohyun, Stephen Onufrak, Angie Cradock, Anisha Patel, Christina Hecht, Caitlin Merlo, and Heidi M. Blanck. "Correlates of Infrequent Plain Water Intake Among US High School Students: National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2017." American Journal of Health Promotion 34, no. 5 (March 18, 2020): 549–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117120911885.
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Purpose: To examine factors associated with frequency of plain water (ie, tap, bottled, and unflavored sparkling water) intake among US high school students. Design: Quantitative, cross-sectional study. Setting: The 2017 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey data. Subjects: US high school students with plain water intake data (N = 10 698). Measures: The outcome was plain water intake. Exposure variables were demographics, academic grades, and behavioral characteristics. Analysis: We used logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors associated with infrequent plain water intake (<3 vs ≥3 times/day). Results: Overall, 48.7% of high school students reported drinking plain water <3 times/day. Factors associated with infrequent plain water intake were younger age (≤15 years; aOR = 1.20, CI = 1.05-1.37); earning mostly D/F grades (aOR = 1.37, CI = 1.07-1.77); consuming regular soda 1 to 6 times/week (aOR = 1.92, CI = 1.67-2.20) or ≥1 time/day (aOR = 3.23, CI = 2.65-3.94), sports drinks 1 to 6 times/week (aOR = 1.30, CI = 1.14-1.49), milk <2 glasses/day (aOR = 1.51, CI = 1.31-1.73), fruits <2 times/day (aOR = 1.92, CI = 1.66-2.22), and vegetables <3 times/day (aOR = 2.42, CI = 2.04-2.89); and being physically active ≥60 minutes/day on <5 days/week (aOR = 1.83, CI = 1.60-2.08). Students with obesity were less likely to have infrequent water intake (aOR = 0.63, CI = 0.53-0.74). Conclusions: Infrequent plain water intake was associated with younger age, poor academic grades, poor dietary behaviors, and physical inactivity. These findings can inform intervention efforts to increase water intake to promote healthy lifestyles among adolescents.
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Agustin, Esa Rahma, and Z. Mawardi Effendi. "Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan Orang Tua dan Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Nilai Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Administrasi Umum Kelas X Otomatisasi dan Tata Kelola Perkantoran Di SMK Negeri 1 Lembah Gumanti." Jurnal Ecogen 2, no. 4 (December 13, 2019): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jmpe.v2i4.7849.
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This study aims to determine: (1) The effect of parents 'educational level and learning motivation together on student grades, (2) the influence of parents' educational levels and learning motivation on student scores, (3) the influence of student learning motivation on student grades in general administration subjects in class X Automation and Office Governance in SMK Negeri 1 Lembah Gumanti. This type of research is quantitative research with an associative method using SPSS version 20. The instrument used in this study is a research questionnaire. The existing population of 65 students in the sampling used total sampling with a total of 65 students. The instrument trials used validity and reliability tests. Data analysis with descriptive and inductive analysis using normality test, heterokedasticity test, multicollinearity test, multiple regression test and hypothesis test using F test and t test. From the results of this analysis it can be concluded that: (1) The Level of Parent Education and Learning Motivation together has a positive and significant effect on student scores seen from the value of sig. 0.007 <0.05. (2) There is a negative and insignificant influence on the level of parental education on student scores seen from the Sig. 0.516 > 0.05. (3) There is a positive and significant influence of learning motivation on student grades in general administration subjects seen from the Sig. 0.002 <0.05. Keywords: parental education level, learning motivation, student grad
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Greenbaum, Uri, Paolo Strati, Rima M. Saliba, Janet Torres, Gabriela Rondon, Yago Nieto, Chitra Hosing, et al. "CRP and ferritin in addition to the EASIX score predict CAR-T–related toxicity." Blood Advances 5, no. 14 (July 15, 2021): 2799–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2021004575.
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Abstract The Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) score, defined as [(creatinine × lactate dehydrogenase [LDH])/platelets], is a marker of endothelial activation that has been validated in the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant setting. Endothelial activation is one of the mechanisms driving immune-mediated toxicities in patients treated with chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T)-cell therapy. This study’s objective was to evaluate the association between EASIX and other laboratory parameters collected before lymphodepletion and the subsequent onset of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) those patients. Toxicity data were collected prospectively on 171 patients treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) for large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). CRS grades 2 to 4 were diagnosed in 81 (47%) patients and ICANS grades 2 to 4 in 84 (49%). EASIX combined with ferritin (EASIX-F) identified 3 risk groups with CRS grades 2 to 4 cumulative incidence of 74% (hazards ratio [HR], 4.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1-11; P < .001), 49% (HR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.02-5; P = .04), and 23% (reference), respectively. EASIX combined with CRP and ferritin (EASIX-FC) identified 3 risk groups with an ICANS grade 2 to 4 cumulative incidence of 74% (HR, 3.6; 95% CI, 1.9-6.9; P < .001), 51% (HR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1-3.9; P = .025), and 29% (reference). Our results indicate that common laboratory parameters before lymphodepletion correlate with CAR-T–related toxicities and can help support clinical decisions, such as preemptive toxicity management, hospitalization length, and proper setting for CAR-T administration.
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Zellars, R. C., D. Frassica, V. Stearns, J. H. Fetting, D. K. Armstrong, L. Myers, T. N. Tsangaris, L. Jacobs, J. R. Lange, and A. C. Wolf. "Partial breast irradiation (PBI) concurrent with adjuvant dose-dense doxorubicin and dyclophosphamide (ddAC) chemotherapy in early-stage breast cancer: Preliminary safety results from a feasibility trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 10675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.10675.
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10675 Background: Adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimens and radiation therapy as part of breast conservation therapy (BCT) are given sequentially to avoid excessive skin toxicity. PBI employs a shorter course of radiation therapy to a smaller breast field and is the subject of randomized efficacy trials. Concurrent administration of PBI and adjuvant chemotherapy would decrease duration of therapy, allow more women to pursue BCT, improve compliance, and potentially enhance local control. Methods: To examine the feasibility, safety, and short-term risk of recurrence of concurrent PBI with adjuvant ddAC, we are conducting a prospective one-stage, single-arm trial of PBI during the first 2 of 4 cycles of ddAC (60 and 600 mg/m2, respectively) delivered q14d with growth factor support. Patients (pts) with T1–2 N0–1 breast cancer and lumpectomy margins ≥ 3mm are eligible. PBI starts within 3 days of first chemo dose and treats the lumpectomy bed plus margin with 270 cGy fractions × 15 (4050 cGy total). Primary endpoints (skin/soft tissue toxicity and cosmetic outcome) are graded by a panel of physicians using commonly accepted scales. Digital images at baseline, during, and q 3–6 months after PBI are obtained for comparison. Additional chemo and endocrine Rx post ddAC given at the physician’s discretion. We report preliminary safety data. Results: Between 11/04 and 9/05, 10 pts were enrolled and received study therapy (accrual goal = 42); 2 pts also received dd paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 post ddAC. All pts received planned PBI (med. f/u 6 mos, range 3–12 mos). 2 pts missed 1 and 2 cycles of ddAC because of stomatitis (Gr 3) and diverticulitis, respectively. 3 other pts had 1–2 wk chemo delay because of hand-foot syndrome, brief pulmonary syndrome, and febrile neutropenia. No pts developed radiation dermatitis > Gr 1 or radiation recall. All pts had cosmetic outcome grades of good or excellent shortly after completion of therapy. No pts with ≥ 6 mos f/u since PBI had late skin toxicity. Conclusion: Early results suggest that PBI concurrent with ddAC appears feasible and safe. Trial enrolment continues and longer f/u is required. (Funded by The Breast Cancer Research Foundation). No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Liukkonen, Jarmo, Timo Jaakkola, Sami Kokko, Arto Gråstén, Sami Yli-Piipari, Pasi Koski, Jorma Tynjälä, Anne Soini, Timo Ståhl, and Tuija Tammelin. "Results from Finland’s 2014 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 11, s1 (January 2014): S51—S57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2014-0168.
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The Finnish 2014 Report Card on Physical Activity (PA) for Children and Youth is the first assessment of Finland’s efforts in promoting and facilitating PA opportunities for children and youth using the Active Healthy Kids Canada grading system. The Report Card relies primarily on research findings from 6 Research Institutes, coordinated by the University of Jyväskylä. The Research Work Group convened to evaluate the aggregated evidence and assign grades for each of the 9 PA indicators, following the Canadian Report Card protocol. Grades from A (highest) to F (lowest) varied in Finland as follows: 1) Overall physical activity—fulfillment of recommendations (D), 2) Organized sport participation (C), 3) Active play (D), 4) Active transportation (B), 5) Sedentary behaviors (D), 6) Family and peers (C), 7) School (B), 8) Community and the built environment (B), and 9) Government (B). This comprehensive summary and assessment of indicators related to PA in Finnish children and youth indicates that Finland still has many challenges to promote a physically active life style for youth.
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Lee, Suk-Hyun, Jee-Soo Park, Hyunjeong Kim, Dongwoo Kim, Seung-Hwan Lee, Won-Sik Ham, Woong-Kyu Han, Young-Deuk Choi, and Mijin Yun. "Glycolysis on F-18 FDG PET/CT Is Superior to Amino Acid Metabolism on C-11 Methionine PET/CT in Identifying Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma at Staging." Cancers 13, no. 10 (May 14, 2021): 2381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13102381.
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We evaluated the value of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and C-11 methionine positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to predict high-Fuhrman grade and advanced-stage tumours in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Forty patients with RCC underwent F-18 FDG and C-11 methionine PET/CT between September 2016 and September 2018. They were classified into limited (stages I and II, n = 15) or advanced stages (stages III and IV, n = 25) according to pathological staging. Logistic regressions were used to predict the advanced stage using various parameters, including maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax) and metabolic tumour volume (MTV). Receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to predict high-grade tumours (Fuhrman 3 and 4). On univariate analysis, tumour size, SUVmax and MTV of F-18 FDG and C-11 methionine, and Fuhrman grades were significant predictors for the advanced stage. On multivariate analysis, F-18 FDG MTV > 21.3 cm3 was the most significant predictor (p < 0.001). The area under the curve for predicting high-grade tumours was 0.830 for F-18 FDG (p < 0.001) and 0.726 for C-11 methionine PET/CT (p = 0.014). In conclusion, glycolysis on F-18 FDG PET/CT and amino acid metabolism on C-11 methionine PET/CT were variable but increased in high-grade RCCs. Increased MTV on F-18 FDG PET/CT is a powerful predictor of advanced-stage tumours.
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Kruusamäe, Helena, Merike Kull, Kerli Mooses, Eva-Maria Riso, and Jaak Jürimäe. "Results From Estonia’s 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 13, s2 (November 2016): S150—S156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2016-0239.
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Background:The 2016 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth, the first of its kind, aims to set baseline physical activity (PA) indicators using the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance grading system.Methods:A research work group analyzed and selected data for the grade assignment meeting (GAM). During the GAM, 17 leading researchers and policy experts from Estonia assessed the data and assigned grades for each of the 9 PA indicators. In addition, recommendations were provided for further actions to improve the grades.Results:Grades from A (highest) to F (lowest) were assigned as follows: 1) Overall PA (F); 2) Organized Sport (C); 3) Active Play [incomplete data (INC)]; 4) Active Transportation (INC); 5) Sedentary Behaviors (F); 6) Family and Peers (C); 7) School (C); 8) Community and the Built Environment (B); and 9) Government (C). An indicator was marked as incomplete (INC) when there was a lack of representative quality data.Conclusions:Evidence suggests that PA levels of Estonian children remain very low, despite moderately supportive social, environmental, and regulatory factors. There are many challenges to overcome in supporting and promoting PA of children and youth (eg, cross-sectional cooperation, implementing interventions, changing social norms, empowerment of parents and educational institutions).
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Usmarin, Nikolay F., Andrey N. Vasilyev, Lyudmila Yu Tsareva, Tatiana A. Kirillova, and Nikolay I. Koltsov. "The investigation influence of high carbon technical filler on the properties of the plantar rubber." Butlerov Communications 57, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-57-2-74.
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The article investigates the influence of the high-carbon technical filler of the RP-CARBON series of three brands RP-C 100, RP-C 150 and RP-C 200, differing in the size of microparticles, on the properties of the rubber mixture which used for the manufacture of rubber shoe soles. The investigation influence of replacement of technical carbon grades TU N 330 and TU P 803 on high-carbon technical filler in the plantar rubber compound based on the combination of SKI-3 and SKMS-30ARKM-15 caoutchoucs has been investigated. The rubber mixture contained caoutchoucs, vulcanizing agent sulfur, vulcanization accelerators thiazole 2 MBS and guanid F, vulcanization activators zinc oxide and stearic acid, antioxidant naphtham-2; plasticizers rosin and industrial oil I-8A; chalk fillers and carbon blacks of grades TU N 330 and TU P 803. The plasto-elastic, rheometric properties of the rubber mixture and the physicomechanical properties of vulcanizates, as well as the change of these properties after thermal aging of vulcanizates in air were studied. It was established that with replacement of technical carbon grades TU N 330 and TU P 803 with high-carbon technical filler, the plantar rubber mixture has satisfactory technological, physicomechanical and operational properties. Rubber mixture containing 11 weith parts high-carbon technical filler brand RP-C 100 instead of carbon black TU P 803, characterized by improved technological properties during calendering and can be recommended for the manufacture of sole rubber based on non-polar rubbers.
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Bhattacharjee, Subrata, Cho-Hee Kim, Hyeon-Gyun Park, Deekshitha Prakash, Nuwan Madusanka, Nam-Hoon Cho, and Heung-Kook Choi. "Multi-Features Classification of Prostate Carcinoma Observed in Histological Sections: Analysis of Wavelet-Based Texture and Colour Features." Cancers 11, no. 12 (December 4, 2019): 1937. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11121937.
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Microscopic biopsy images are coloured in nature because pathologists use the haematoxylin and eosin chemical colour dyes for biopsy examinations. In this study, biopsy images are used for histological grading and the analysis of benign and malignant prostate tissues. The following PCa grades are analysed in the present study: benign, grade 3, grade 4, and grade 5. Biopsy imaging has become increasingly important for the clinical assessment of PCa. In order to analyse and classify the histological grades of prostate carcinomas, pixel-based colour moment descriptor (PCMD) and gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) methods were used to extract the most significant features for multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network classification. Haar wavelet transformation was carried out to extract GLCM texture features, and colour features were extracted from RGB (red/green/blue) colour images of prostate tissues. The MANOVA statistical test was performed to select significant features based on F-values and P-values using the R programming language. We obtained an average highest accuracy of 92.7% using level-1 wavelet texture and colour features. The MLP classifier performed well, and our study shows promising results based on multi-feature classification of histological sections of prostate carcinomas.
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Sarouphim, Ketty M., and Nagham Issa. "Investigating Identity Statuses Among Lebanese Youth." Youth & Society 52, no. 1 (September 27, 2017): 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x17732355.
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This study examined Marcia’s identity paradigm among Lebanese adolescents in relation to gender and academic achievement. Participants were 429 students in Grades 7 to 11, aged 12 to 17 years. The Ego Identity Process Questionnaire (EIPQ) was used to classify participants into the four identity statuses: Achievement, Moratorium, Foreclosure, and Diffusion. Results showed that females were mostly in Moratorium (37.4%) whereas males in Foreclosure (35.1%). The difference was statistically significant, χ2(3) = 20.40, p = .001. Also, females scored significantly higher on the Exploration subscale, t(425) = −2.68, p = .04, whereas males scored significantly higher on the Commitment subscale, t(426) = 4.19, p = .01. No significant achievement differences were found among students in the four identity statuses, F(3, 419) = .38, p = .13. These results suggest possible shifts in cultural norms with females developing identity through pathways believed to be males’ in traditional societies.
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Werweti, Werweti, Tjuk Sukardiman, and Adenan Suhalis. "MANAJEMEN OPERASIONAL DI PELABUHAN NUSANTARA KENDARI." JURNAL MANAJEMEN TRANSPORTASI DAN LOGISTIK 4, no. 1 (June 7, 2017): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.25292/j.mtl.v4i1.56.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of operational management and service to customer satisfaction in the port of the archipelago Kendari. To collect the data, this study used a questionnaire method / inquiry tangible items of questions. This questionnaire distributed to companies who become customers Kendari port of the archipelago. The population in this study is the customer service users Nusantara Port Kendari. Testing the quality of the data using validity and reliability test and classical assumption. While the analysis model used in this study using multiple linear regression analysis, T test, F test, test the coefficient of determination. The results showed that: 1. In the individual variable operational management and service a significant effect on customer satisfaction in the port of the archipelago Kendari. T test results gained tcount accepted at significance level of 5%; 2. Taken together operational management and service variables significantly influence customer satisfaction in the port of the archipelago Kendari. F assay results received grades of F = 97.224 accepted at significance level of 5%; 3. The operational management of the dominant influence on customer satisfaction, compared to the variable service. T-test results for the variable gain tcount operational management (11.055) higher than the variable tcount services (9.913) at the 5% significance level.
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Ideta, A., S. Iwasa, T. Takedomi, M. Urakawa, M. Konishi, and Y. Aoyagi. "153 EFFECTS ON SEX RATIO AND PREGNANCY RATES OF IN VIVO-DERIVED BOVINE EMBRYOS USING LOOP-MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION SEXING METHOD." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 2 (2005): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv17n2ab153.
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In this study, we examined the effects of developmental stages and quality grades on sex ratio of in vivo-derived bovine embryos. Furthermore, pregnancy rates of fresh frozen-thawed sexed embryos or intact (non-sexed) fresh and frozen-thawed embryos were compared in order to efficiently carry out the sexing of embryos in the field. Embryos were collected from donors at 7 days after estrus following a routine superovulation protocol, and classified into four stages (late morula, early blastocyst, blastocyst, and expanded blastocyst) and two quality grades (Grade 1 and Grade 2–3) by the IETS manual. Embryos were frozen by direct transfer method from 1 to 3 h post-collection in 0.25-mL straws as described previously (Aoyagi et al. 1996 Theriogenology 45, 165 abst). Frozen embryos were thawed in 30°C water for 20 s following 7 s in air. They were then squeezed out into PBS + 5% FCS (PBS), washed twice, and incubated in CR1aa + 5% CS (CR1aa) or PBS. Recently, a commercial embryo sexing program was performed at our laboratory using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The procedure takes 5 min to perform each embryo biopsy and only 40 min for the LAMP process. A few cells of fresh (F; n = 105) and frozen-thawed (Z; n = 143) embryos of Grade 1 (H), and fresh (F; n = 77) embryos of Grade 2–3 (L) were biopsied with a microsurgical blade, and sex was determined by the LAMP method. Embryos were transferred non-surgically into heifers on Day 7 of the estrus cycle. Pregnancies were determined by ultrasonography on Day 30. Data were analyzed by the chi-square test. The sexing of all 325 embryos yielded 148 female (46%), and only 2 embryos were indeterminant (1%). There was no evidence of any effect of developmental stage on sex ratio (female embryos: late morula 69/157 (44%), early blastocyst 42/94 (45%), blastocyst 29/53 (55%), and expanded blastocyst 10/21 (48%)). However, when the sex ratio was examined for embryos of different quality grades, significantly more females were found in the embryos appearing more degenerated (female embryos: FH + ZH vs. FL; 42% vs. 57%, P < 0.05). Pregnancy rates on Day 30 with FH embryos (38/45, 84%) were similar to rates obtained with non-sexed fresh (60/81, 78%) and frozen-thawed embryos (44/54, 82%). The pregnancy rates on Day 30 with ZH embryos incubated in CR1aa (18/40, 45%) were lower than those of FH, non-sexed fresh, and frozen-thawed embryos. However, pregnancy rates of ZH embryos incubated in PBS (13/16, 81.3%) were significantly higher than for those frozen embryos that were thawed and incubated in CR1aa (P < 0.05). After the transfer of embryos sexed by the LAMP method to recipient animals, all 55 calves born were of the predicted sex. In conclusion, the present results showed that with the LAMP method for sexing of the embryos, there were only a few samples for which sex could not be determined. Examination of in vivo-derived Day 7 embryos indicated that female embryos graded lower than male embryos. Furthermore, the removal of a few cells from a fresh or frozen-thawed embryo did not impact its subsequent viability.
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Maj, M., K. Pietrzak, and J. Piekło. "Modified Low Cycle Method as a New Criterion for a Life Fatigue Assessment in Foundry Industry." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 58, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 877–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2013-0091.
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Abstract The study describes the investigations of fatigue life carried out on selected grades of the G20Mn5 cast steel by two methods, i.e. the standard low-cycle fatigue test (LCF test) and modified low-cycle fatigue test (MLCF). The aim of these investigations was to verify the reliability of tests conducted by the novel method of MLCF [1, 2, 3]. Table 1 shows the results of mechanical tests carried out in accordance with the MLCF methodology on the G20Mn5 cast steel, while Figures 1a-b and 2 show the selected σ = f (ε) curves. Similar studies were carried out for the Mn-Ni cast steel [4]. Low-cycle fatigue tests (LCF) were carried out on an MTS 810 testing machine with control of force exerted on specimens whose dimensions were specified in [2].
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Collins-Rancourt, M. A., J. Roy, P. Gaudreault, R. Godin, and G. Forest. "0202 Chronotype Moderates the Relationship Between Personality and Academic Performance in Young Athletes." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.200.
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Abstract Introduction Recent studies have shown that chronotype is associated with personality in adolescents. Other studies suggest that athletes are more conscientious, and that this personality trait is associated with higher academic performance among adolescents. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between personality, chronotype and academic performance in young athletes. Methods 27 young athletes and 13 young non-athletes (13-16y) completed the Horne & Östberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and the NEO-PI-3. Grades were taken from their final report at the end of the school year (Mgrades=year-mean performance on the two main school subjects). First, T-tests were conducted to compare both groups on personality traits. Then, a moderation analysis was conducted using Hayes’ PROCESS Macro V3.4 to examine the moderation effect of the chronotype on the relationship between conscientiousness and Mgrades. Results Results show that young athletes are significantly more conscientious (M=4748±11,67) than non-athletes (M=38,31±9,59) (t(38)=2,46,p=.019). Conscientiousness and chronotype were entered in a regression analysis to predict Mgrades. The addition of the interaction term between chronotype and conscientiousness, to the regression analysis, explained a significant increase in variance in Mgrades (ΔR2=.34, F(1,23)=19.38, p<.001). Therefore, when the score is inferior to 57.75 at the MEQ (toward evening type), conscientiousness and Mgrades are significantly related (β=0.28, t(23)=2.07, p=0.05). Conclusion These results show that the chronotype moderates the relationship between conscientiousness and academic performance in young athletes. Specifically, in more evening types, higher level of conscientiousness is associated with higher grades and lower level of conscientiousness is associated with lower grades. On the other hand, for more morning types, the level of conscientiousness is not associated with grades. These results suggest that conscientiousness may be a protective factor against the impacts of adolescence sleep changes and disturbances, on academic performance. Support -
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Southern, P. Sterling, and Micou M. Browne. "Tobacco Budworm Control on Flue-Cured Tobacco with Foliar Insecticides, 1996." Arthropod Management Tests 22, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/22.1.330.
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Abstract Flue-cured tobacco was planted on the James T. Smith farm in Wayne Co., NC on 23 Apr. Plots of 0.02 acre (4 rows X 57 ft) were separated laterally by a vacant 5th row and on each end by turn alleys of 16 ft. Treatments were established in a RCB design with 4 replications. Just prior to treatment, a moderate natural infestation of budworms was augmented by artificial infestation of 10 plants in each of the 1st and 3rd rows of each plot. A single 2-d old larva (from the colony maintained by the Dept. of Entomology, N.C. State University) was transferred from artificial diet to each plant. Larvae were placed into the bud to simulate an established infestation. Treatments were applied on 3 Jun using a tractor-mounted sprayer (with the exception of Dipel 10 G) pressurized by a roller pump powered by the tractor PTO. Spray was delivered through 3 solid-cone nozzles (TG-1, TG-2, TG-1) per row at 60 psi and 37.5 gpa. Treatments were applied between 2:50 pm and 5:00 pm EDT. Diatect was treated as a wettable powder and sprayed. Dipel 10G was applied by hand directly to the bud of each plant. Air temperature was approximately 80° F and winds were light to moderate (3-7 mph). All plants (excluding the first and last) in rows 1 and 3 were checked for budworm infestation on the day of treatment and 4 and 11 DAT. These plants were rated for budworm damage 15 DAT. Individual plants were examined and an estimate of leaf area lost to budworm feeding made. Damage was scored as follows: 0 = no damage; 1 = less than 1.0 leaf equivalent lost; 2 = 1.0 - 2.0 leaf equivalents; 3 = more than 2.0 leaf equivalents lost; 4 = plant topped by budworm feeding. Average damage ratings were calculated by plot. After harvest and curing, tobacco from each plot was weighed and graded by a government grader. Grades were converted to a quality index (1-100, 100 high). All variables were subjected to analysis of variance and treatment means compared (where appropriate) using an LSD test. Before analysis, the proportion of plants infested was transformed to the arcsine of square root of proportion. Data shown in the table are not transformed and proportion of plants infested is presented as percentage of plants infested.
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Chakrabarti, Rajashri. "Accountability with Voucher Threats, Responses, and the Test-Taking Population: Regression Discontinuity Evidence from Florida." Education Finance and Policy 8, no. 2 (April 2013): 121–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00088.
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Florida's 1999 A-plus program was a consequential accountability program that embedded vouchers in an accountability regime. Under Florida rules, scores of students in several special education (ESE) and limited English proficient (LEP) categories were not included in the computation of school grades. One might expect these rules to induce F schools (that faced stigma and threat of vouchers) to strategically classify their weaker students into these excluded categories. The interplay of these rules with those of the McKay program for disabled students, however, created an interesting divergence of incentives as far as classifications into excluded LEP and ESE were concerned. Because classifying students into ESE made them eligible for McKay vouchers that were funded by public school revenue, the McKay program acted as a strong disincentive to such classification. Using a regression discontinuity strategy, I investigate whether the differences in incentives led the F schools to exhibit different behaviors as far as classifications into excluded ESE and LEP were concerned. Indeed, I find robust evidence in favor of classification into excluded LEP in high-stakes grade 4 and entry grade 3. In contrast, I do not find evidence of classification into excluded ESE.
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Boomer, Sarah M., Michael J. Baltzley, Angela Z. Poole, Kristin L. Latham-Scott, and Jesse P. Poole. "An In-House Biology Placement Test Improves Success in Majors Introductory Biology." American Biology Teacher 79, no. 9 (November 1, 2017): 720–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2017.79.9.720.
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Biology placement tests (BPTs) have most often been used to determine whether well-prepared students can “test out” of foundational coursework at the college or university level. However, not all high school students are equally prepared for majors-level introductory Biology. Consequently, we developed and tested an in-house diagnostic BPT that assesses preparedness for “testing in” to introductory majors-level coursework (BI 211). We found that BPT scores were significantly correlated with final course grades. Following implementation of this benchmark, we documented short-term enrollment patterns of BPT-taking students (n = 313 over 3 years). Approximately half of these students passed the BPT, with 63 percent continuing in Biology. The other half did not pass, with 25 percent continuing in Biology. The implementation of the BPT decreased the overall percentage of F/Drop students in this course. These benchmarks have not affected the first generation college (FGC) or underrepresented minority (URM) enrollment in BI 211, nor have they introduced demographic biases among F/Drop students in this course. Given these data, we argue that diagnostic BPTs have an effective place in advising and retention strategies.
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Johnson, Tyler G., Timothy A. Brusseau, Paul W. Darst, Pamela H. Kulinna, and Janel White-Taylor. "Step Counts of Non-White Minority Children and Youth by Gender, Grade Level, Race/Ethnicity, and Mode of School Transportation." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 7, no. 6 (November 2010): 730–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.7.6.730.
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Background:The purposes of this study were to describe and analyze the steps/d of nonwhite minority children and youth by gender, grade level, race/ethnicity, and mode of school transportation. A secondary purpose was to compare the steps/d of minority children and youth to their Caucasian grade-level counterparts.Methods:Participants were 547 minority youth grades 5 to 8 from 4 urban schools. Participants wore sealed pedometers for 6 consecutive week/school days. Three hundred and ten participants responded to a questionnaire concerning their mode of transportation to and from school.Results:Statistical analyses indicated a main effect for gender (F(3, 546) = 13.50, P < .001) with no interaction. Boys (12,589 ± 3921) accumulated significantly more steps/d than girls (9,539 ± 3,135). Further analyses also revealed a significant main effect for mode of school transportation (F(2, 309) = 15.97, P ≤ .001). Walkers (12,614 ± 4169) obtained significantly more steps/d than car (10,021 ± 2856) or bus (10,230 ± 3666) transit users.Conclusions:Minority boys obtain similar steps/d as their Caucasian grade-level counterparts; minority girls obtain less steps/d than their Caucasian grade-level counterparts. Minority youth who actively commute are more likely to meet PA recommendations than nonactive commuters.
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Jayachandra, Jayachandra, Sree Raksha K.N, Rakshit R. Desai, Chetan V, and Arjun P. Chandrashekar. "A Study on Association between Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Steatohepatitis and Fibrosis in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 25 (June 21, 2021): 1876–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/388.
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BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is seen worldwide and is the most common liver disorder in industrialized countries. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the severest form of NAFLD and is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. Human neutrophil peptides have the ability to enhance hepatic fibrosis. We wanted to study the association between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and steatohepatitis and fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. METHODS This is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted among 50 cases and 50 controls attending the hospital attached to BMCRI. The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio was calculated and compared between cases and controls. RESULTS Our study results showed that 7 patients had grade 1, 19 had grade 2, 24 had grade 3 hepatic steatosis and 13 patients had fibrosis. The mean neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was significantly higher in cases than controls (3.6 +/- 1.83 and 1.72 +/- 0.57, P - 0.00). However, there was no statistical significance (F: 2.06, P value: 0.14) in the utility of NLR in detecting higher grades of steatosis (grade 1:2.41 +/- 0.76, grade 2:4.01 +/- 2.46, grade 3:3.62 +/- 1.3). The mean NLR was significantly higher (P - 0.001) in patients with fibrosis (3.72 +/- 2.1) compared with controls (1.46 +/- 051). CONCLUSIONS The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio can be used to detect the presence of steatohepatitis and fibrosis in patients with NAFLD but cannot be used to predict the presence of higher grades of hepatic steatosis. KEY WORDS Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis, Fibrosis, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio
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Huntgeburth, Michael, Robert Schier, Roman Pfister, Henrik ten Freyhaus, Kristina Dahlem, Kai Friedrichs, Stephan Baldus, and Volker Rudolph. "End-Tidal CO2 Predicts Reduction in Mitral Regurgitation in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Mitral Valve Edge-to-Edge Repair." Cardiology 137, no. 3 (2017): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000458704.
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Objectives: We evaluated end-tidal CO2 (etCO2), which has been proposed to assess acute hemodynamic changes, to guide percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (PMVR) with the MitraClip system. Methods: Thirty-nine patients (aged 78 ± 14 years) undergoing PMVR for moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation (MR) of primary and secondary etiology were included. General anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane and constant ventilation parameters to ensure stable etCO2 tension. MR grade was determined semiquantitatively by transesophageal echocardiography by 2 experienced operators blinded to etCO2 measurements. etCO2 levels were measured 3, 5, 10, and 15 min after final MitraClip placement. Results: Overall, etCO2 increased from 32.2 ± 1.7 before to 35.4 ± 3.0, 34.6 ± 2.6, and 34.2 ± 2.4 mm Hg 3, 5, and 10 min after implantation. A significant correlation was noted between the echocardiographic reduction in MR grade and the increase in etCO2. ANOVA for repeated measures confirmed a significant increase in etCO2 after clip implantation (corrected F = 20.0; p < 0.001) and revealed a significantly greater increase in etCO2 in patients with MR reduction ≥2 grades as compared to lesser MR reductions (F = 6.47; p = 0.015). Blood pressure changes did not correlate with the degree of MR reduction. Conclusions: We observed a close correlation between the reduction in MR grade during PMVR and etCO2, which might evolve as a useful parameter to complement treatment guidance during PMVR.
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Campaner, Adriana Bittencourt, Nelson Vespa Junior, Paulo César Giraldo, and Mauro Romero Leal Passos. "Adverse Psychosexual Impact Related to the Treatment of Genital Warts and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia." Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2013 (April 17, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/264093.
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Objective. To compare the psychosexual impact related to the treatment of genital warts and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in women. Methods. 75 patients presenting with HPV-induced genital lesions, belonging to one of two patient groups, were included in the study: 29 individuals with genital warts (GWs) and 46 individuals with CIN grades 2 or 3 (CIN 2/3). Initially, medical charts of each woman were examined for extraction of data on the type of HPV-induced infection and treatment administered. Subjects were interviewed to collect sociodemographic data as well as personal, gynecologic, obstetric, and sexual history. After this initial anamnesis, the Sexual Quotient-Female Version (SQ-F) questionnaire was applied to assess sexual function. After application of the questionnaire, patients answered specific questions produced by the researchers, aimed at assessing the impact of the disease and its treatment on their sexual lives. Results. It is noteworthy that patients with CIN 2/3 had statistically similar classification of sexual quotient to patients with GWs (P=0.115). However, patients with GWs more frequently gave positive answers to the specific questions compared to patients with CIN 2/3. Conclusion. Based on these findings, it is clear that GWs have a greater impact on sexual behavior compared to CIN 2/3.
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Cooper, Earl R., Andrew J. Grundstein, Jessica D. Miles, Michael S. Ferrara, Patrick Curry, Douglas J. Casa, and Yuri Hosokawa. "Heat Policy Revision for Georgia High School Football Practices Based on Data-Driven Research." Journal of Athletic Training 55, no. 7 (June 19, 2020): 673–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-542-18.
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Context Interscholastic heat policies for football have not been evidence based. Therefore, their effectiveness in mitigating exertional heat illness has not been assessed. Objective To discuss the development of the Georgia High School Association heat policy and assess the effectiveness of revised guidelines. Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting Georgia high schools. Patients or Other Participants Interscholastic football players in grades 9 through 12. Main Outcome Measure(s) Heat syncope and heat exhaustion (HS/HE) illness rates (IRs) were calculated per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs), and relative risk (RR) was calculated as a ratio of postpolicy (POST) IR divided by prepolicy (PRE) IR. Results A total of 214 HS/HE cases (172 PRE, 42 POST) and 341 348 AEs (178 230 PRE, 163 118 POST) were identified. During the first 5 days of the PRE period, approximately 50% of HS/HE illnesses occurred; HS/HE IRs doubled when practice sessions increased from 2 to 2.5 hours and tripled for practices ≥3 hours. The HS/HE IRs in the PRE period increased from 0.44/1000 AEs for wet-bulb globe temperatures (WBGTs) of <82°F (<27.8°C) to >2.0/1000 AEs for WBGTs from 87°F (30.6°C) to 89.9°F (32.2°C). The RRs comparing PRE and POST policy periods were 0.29 for WBGTs of <82.0°F (<27.80°C), 0.65 for WBGTs from 82.0°F (27.8°C) to 86.9°F (30.5°C), and 0.23 for WBGTs from 87.0°F (30.6°C) to 89.9°F (32.2°C). No HS/HE illnesses occurred in the POST period for WBGTs at >90°F (>32.3°C). Conclusions Results from the PRE period guided the Georgia High School Association to revise its heat and humidity policy to include a mandated 5-day acclimatization period when no practices may exceed 2 hours and the use of WBGT-based activity-modification categories. The new policy reduced HS/HE IRs by 35% to 100%, depending on the WBGT category. Our results may be generalizable to other states with hot and humid climates similar to that of Georgia.
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Irmayani, Irmayani, and Muhammad Anas. "Analisis perilaku siswa yang kecanduan game online mobile legend." Jurnal Psikologi Pendidikan dan Konseling: Jurnal Kajian Psikologi Pendidikan dan Bimbingan Konseling 6, no. 2 (December 12, 2020): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/jppk.v6i2.13862.
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Research objectives 1) determine the symptoms of students addicted to the online game Mobile Legend. 2) find out the factors that influence students addicted to the Mobile Legend online game. 3) find out the impact of Mobile Legend online game addiction on students. 4) the role of self-management techniques to reduce addiction to the Mobile Legend online game. This research is qualitative with a type of case study research. The research subjects are 2 students who are addicted to the legendary online mobile game. The research instruments used were interviews, observation and documentation. Research results: 1) Symptoms of students who are addicted to online games: a) cognitive salience b) behavioral salience c) euphoria d) external conflict e) internal conflict f) tolerance g) withdrawal symptoms. h) relapse and reinstatement 2) Factors affecting students addicted to online games are: a) reward, feedback on games b) reduce boredom towards real life c) eliminate the loneliness streotype d) social inability for players who are addicted e) low self esteem and self efficacy f) virtual environments. 3) The impact on students' learning achievements addicted to online games namely; lazy to do the task, low report card grades, feeling weak and lacking enthusiasm when I wake up in the morning, and his emotions are not stable, enthusiasm for learning is low. 4) Tutor teacher's efforts to overcome online game addiction on two students namely: a) Using an individual counseling approach, b) Conducting home visits.
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Sharmin, Florida, Md Abdullah Al Masum, SM Ashraful Islam, and Md Selim Reza. "Preparation and Evaluation of Gastro Retentive Floating Tablets of Atorvastatin Calcium." Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 2 (September 3, 2012): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v10i2.11784.
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This investigation describes the preparation and in vitro evaluation of gastro retentive floating tablets of atorvastatin calcium. Two hydrophilic cellulose derivatives, Methocel K4M and Methocel K15M CR were used in floating tablets as gel forming agents to control drug release. Sodium bicarbonate and citric acid were incorporated as gas generating agents. The tablets prepared by direct compression technique were evaluated by various quality parameters including weight variation, hardness and buoyancy studies. In vitro drug release was determined for eight hours using USP XXII paddle-type dissolution apparatus in 0.1N HCl solution containing 1% sodium lauryl sulphate. The release mechanisms were explored and explained with zero order, first order, Higuchi and Korsmeyer equations. The release rates, extent and mechanisms, were found to be governed by polymer loading. It was also found that the polymer content significantly affected the mean dissolution time, percentage of drug release, release rate constant and diffusion exponent. Based on the dissolution data and floating time, formulation F-3 containing Methocel K4M and F-9 containing Methocel K15M CR may be considered as the best formulation. So an effective floating tablet of atorvastatin calcium can be prepared by using both the grades of HPMC. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v10i2.11784 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 10(2): 79-85, 2011 (December)
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Mering, Aloysius, and Indri Astuti. "The Quality of Senior High School National School Examination Questions." Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan 25, no. 1 (May 8, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um048v25i1p16-26.
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The objective of this study was to obtain information about the quality of high school National Standard School Exam (USBN) questions in Pontianak in 2018/2019 academic year. To achieve this objective, the information excavated includes (a) the process of compiling questions (b) the test of the feasibility of the questions (c) the eligibility requirements of the questions (d) administering the exam (e) the examination system of the examination scripts (f) the reporting system, and (g) the correlation of values report cards and high school USBN grades in Pontianak with UN scores. This study employed a descriptive method. The selection of high school samples used as data sources was done by random sampling and purposive sampling. Data were gathered through documentation, interviews, and questionnaires. The data were then analyzed with descriptive statistics and correlational studies. The results showed that, in the high school USBN questions in Pontianak City, (1) there were still stages in the process of drafting "not done", (2) empirical tests before the compilation of the final questions "had not been done," (3) administering the "already" applied exams as UN procedures, (4) manuscript examination system is implemented manually, (5) reporting of exam results by respective subject teachers, and (6) correlation of report card grades and high school USBN scores in Pontianak with "mostly" low "UN scores "and even in certain" negative "schools. It means that report cards and USBN scores cannot be used to predict UN results.
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Fass-Holmes, Barry, and Allison A. Vaughn. "Are International Undergraduates Struggling Academically?" Journal of International Students 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v4i1.497.
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Are international undergraduates struggling academically, and are their struggles due to weaknesses in English as a second language? The present study showed that 1) at most 10% of these students in three cohorts (ranging in size from N=322 to N=695) at an American west coast public university struggled (quarterly grade point averages below C) in their university classes; 2) up to 63% of them struggled with English (they were required to take a local community college’s English Composition and/or English as a Second Language classes, and up to 42% earned course grades of D or F in those classes); and 3) predictors shown to be statistically significant by hierarchical linear modeling each accounted for less than 5% of the total variance (“small” effect sizes). These findings suggest that only a minority of this university’s international undergraduates struggle in their university classes even though a majority of them struggle with English.
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Ahmed, Adeel, Kamlesh Kumar, Mansoor A. Khuhro, Asif A. Wagan, Imtiaz A. Halepoto, and Rafaqat H. Arain. "Students’ Class Performance Prediction Using Machine Learning Classifiers." Quaid-e-Awam University Research Journal of Engineering Science & Technology 19, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52584/qrj.1901.16.
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Nowadays, educational data mining is being employed as assessing tool for study and analysis of hidden patterns in academic databases which can be used to predict student’s academic performance. This paper implements various machine learning classification techniques on students’ academic records for results predication. For this purpose, data of MS(CS) students were collected from a public university of Pakistan through their assignments, quizzes, and sessional marks. The WEKA data mining tool has been used for performing all experiments namely, data pre-processing, classification, and visualization. For performance measure, classifier models were trained with 3- and 10-fold cross validation methods to evaluate classifiers' accuracy. The results show that bagging classifier combined with support vector machines outperform other classifiers in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure score. The obtained outcomes confirm that our research provides significant contribution in prediction of students’ academic performance which can ultimately be used to assists faculty members to focus low grades students in improving their academic records.
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Rumpel, Jan, and Kazimierz Felczyński. "Effects of plant density and cultivar on yield responses in onions (Allium cepa L.) grown from seeds." Acta Agrobotanica 50, no. 1-2 (2013): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.1997.021.
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Two field experiments were conducted to study the effect of plant density on yield, size grading and maturity of onion bulbs grown from seeds. In the first experiment carried out during 1991-1993, three onion cultivars (Hysam F<sub>1</sub> , Mercato F<sub>1</sub> and Sochaczewska) were sown for intended densities of 20, 40, 60, 80,100 and 140 plants m<sup>-2</sup>, whereas in the second one, in 1996, six onion cultivars (Spirit F<sub>1</sub>, Summit F<sub>1</sub>, Hyduro F<sub>1</sub>, Armstrong F<sub>1</sub>, Renate F<sub>1</sub> and Robusta) were sown for intended densities of 40, 60 and 80 plants m<sup>-2</sup>. The onions were grown on beds, 1,35 m wide, in 4 rows per bed (27+27+27+54 cm). Marketable yield increased with plant density, and depending on year was highest at 80 or 100 plants m<sup>-2</sup>. The average marketable yield of the 1991-1993 experiment increased from 20.5 t·ha<sup>-1</sup> at 20 plants m<sup>-2</sup> to 32.8 t·ha<sup>-1</sup> at 80 plants m<sup>-2</sup>, whereas that of the 1996 experiment increased from 48,9 t-ha<sup>-1</sup> at 40 plants m-2 to 59.0 t·ha<sup>-1</sup> at 80 plants m<sup>-2</sup>, respectively. Yield of large bulbs decreased with density and was highest at 20-40 plants m<sup>-2</sup>, oposite to the yield of small bulbs, which was highest at the highest density of 140 plants·m<sup>-2</sup>. The medium bulb yield increased with density, at the some way as compared the total marketable yield. No greater effect of cultivar on bulb size grades was found and the existing differences were proportional to the total marketable yield . Plant density hastened maturity of onions, and at density of 140 plants m<sup>-2</sup> the leaf fall-over occurred 9-10 days earlier as compared at density of 20 plants m<sup>-2</sup>. The cultiwars used. can be placed in the following order of decreasing productivity: 1 . Mercato F<sub>1</sub>, 2. Hysam F<sub>1</sub> and 3. Sochaczewska, - in the first expeiiment (1991-93) and 1. Annstrong F<sub>1</sub>, 2. Spirit F<sub>1</sub>, 3. Robusta, 4. Renate F<sub>1</sub>, 5. Hyduro F<sub>1</sub> and 6. Summit F<sub>1</sub> - in the second experiment (1996), respectively.
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Marwaha, Aditi, Marjan Zakeri, Sujit S. Sansgiry, and Samina Salim. "Combined effect of different teaching strategies on student performance in a large-enrollment undergraduate health sciences course." Advances in Physiology Education 45, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 454–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00030.2021.
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Students’ course performance is fundamental for any institution to carry out its academic mission. Often, in-class disengagement and lack of after-class course support in large-enrollment classes trigger academic problems for students. This leads to poor exam performance and an increased rate of final letter grade of a D or F or student withdrawal (DFW), an indicator of students’ poor academic success. Changing teaching strategies by using interventions that incorporate student-student interaction and student-faculty interaction may offer the opportunity to improve course performance. In this retrospective study, we examined the effect of changing teaching strategies on student course performance of 5,553 students enrolled in an undergraduate health sciences course over a span of 20 semesters. Three different interventions namely 1) daily low-stake in-class quizzes, 2) team-based learning, and 3) after-class review sessions were incorporated as teaching strategies. To assess the combined effect of these strategies’ students’ performance in the intervention period (12 semesters) was compared with control period (8 semesters). Student performance in the course was measured by exam grades; overall score; percentage of students receiving letter grades and A, B, C; and DFW rates. The data indicated that in the intervention period, exam scores increased by 6.6%, overall course score increased by 6.2%, percentage of students receiving letter grade A/B increased by 21.3%, percentage of students receiving letter grade C decreased by 6.9%, and the DFW rates decreased by 14.5%. Overall, changing teaching strategies through incorporation of these interventions improved students’ performance in the course.
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Sodhi, Harsimrat Bir Singh, Amey R. Savardekar, Sandeep Mohindra, Rajesh Chhabra, Vivek Gupta, and Sunil K. Gupta. "The clinical profile, management, and overall outcome of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage at the neurosurgical unit of a tertiary care center in India." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 5, no. 02 (April 2014): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.131650.
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ABSTRACT Background and Purpose: Several studies report good outcomes in selected patients of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). The purpose of our study is to project the clinical characteristics, management, and overall outcome of patients with aSAH presenting to a tertiary care center in India. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted over a period of 10 months and all patients presenting with aSAH were studied. Patients presenting in all grades and managed with any type of intervention or managed conservatively were included to characterize their clinical and radiological profile at admission, during management, and at discharge. Outcome was assessed with the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) at 3 months follow-up. Results: Out of the 482 patients [mean age: 51.3 (±13.5); M: F = 1:1], 330 patients were fit to be taken up for intervention of the ruptured aneurysm, while 152 patients were unfit for any intervention. At 3 months follow-up, good outcome (GOS 4 and 5) was observed in 159 (33%), poor outcome (GOS 2 and 3) in 53 (11%), and death in 219 (45.4%) patients, while 51 patients (10.6%) were lost to follow-up. Most (95%) of the patients in the non-intervention group expired, and hence the high mortality rate, as we have analyzed the results of all patients of all grades, regardless of the treatment given. The predictors of poor outcome (GOS 1, 2, and 3) at 3 months follow-up, using multinomial regression model, were: World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) grade IV and V (at admission and after adequate resuscitation) [odds ratio (OR): 35.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 10.8-114.7] and presence of hypertension as a co-morbid illness [OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.6-5.6]. All patients showing acute infarction on computed tomography scan at presentation had a poor outcome. Conclusions: Despite recent advances in the treatment of patients with aSAH, the morbidity and mortality rates have failed to improve significantly in unselected patients and natural cohorts. This may be attributed to the natural history of aSAH, and calls for new strategies to diagnose and treat such patients before the catastrophe strikes.