Relevant bibliographies by topics / Governments schools

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Governments schools'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Governments schools"

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Brown, Byron W. "Why governments run schools." Economics of Education Review 11, no. 4 (December 1992): 287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0272-7757(92)90038-5.

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Egbebi, John Oluyemi, and Olayinka Tijani Wakili. "Effective Management of Private Schools in Nigeria: Necessity for Governments’ Intervention." Randwick International of Education and Linguistics Science Journal 1, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47175/rielsj.v1i2.87.

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Private schools and owners invest a lot of worthwhile input in the provision of functional educational service delivery thus paving way for further access, equity and fair play to every intending learner as complement to the effort of government, the public school providers in Nigeria. This development actually met the world declaration of the expectation from all nations of the world to provide mass, quality and free education to all citizens. By and large, education service delivery as a social service requires huge sum of money in its operations across all levels of educational institutions – basic, post basic and tertiary. The paper examined effective management of private schools in Nigeria and the necessity for governments’ intervention. In a nutshell, the paper espoused: the world demand on provision of quality education; available sources of funding for private school ownership; challenges of private school ownership and management; justification for the establishment of private schools to support government established institutions; comparism of funding and management pattern of private schools in Nigeria and diaspora; and core constraints of private schools. The paper concludes and recommends that, respective governments, their agencies and parastatals should participate actively in rendering adequate support regarding award of grant-in-aid to owners of private schools; and that cost of registration and set up cost on infrastructural facilities for private schools - low, medium and high scales should be cut down by FME or SMoEs , ZIE, LIE, UBEC, TRCN, and similar institutions thus, affordable to create more access to learners with standards.
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K, Dedy Achmad. "PERENCANAAN PEMBIAYAAN PENDIDIKAN (Studi Kasus di Sekolah Dasar)." PEDAGOGIA Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan 12, no. 2 (August 19, 2016): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/pedagogia.v12i2.3326.

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Financial planning education, especially regarding the analysis of the needs of education ( elementary school ) in the future should be able to run, so that the achievement of the plancan be realized well with effective management and efficient budget . Educational arrangements referred to in this article is how governments , agencies or schools can plan sees the need for schools , classrooms and teachers in the community standard which is based on meeting the minimum standards of education . The aim is to assist in the distribution of education and know the real condition of the school in the community . Schools targetedmainly primary school level are included in compulsory education launched by the government .Keywords : Planning , Financing , Budgeting and Mapping Guru
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Hughes, Owen E. "MPA Programs in Australia." Chinese Public Administration Review 3, no. 1/2 (November 4, 2016): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22140/cpar.v3i1/2.53.

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Australian universities have established specific Masters programs for public servants over the past twenty years. However, until recently, despite being established, they have not thrived by comparison with MBA and other masters courses in business. It was not easy to attract students and good staff. MPA programs have generally not captured the public sector community’s attention in the same way as is the case in a number of US schools of public administration or management. This situation changed in 2003 with the creation of the Australia and New Zealand School of Government (ANZSOG). This is a consortium of five governments - the Commonwealth government, the New Zealand government, and the three largest state governments - and nine universities set up to provide an Executive Masters in Public Administration. The ANZSOG cohort is composed of future leaders in the opinion of their governments. All students are fully funded by their governments and at a level that is more costly per student than other training. Funding of this scale reflects a major change for governments in Australia.The establishment of the Australia and New Zealand School of Government represents a major change in education of public managers in Australia. There are lessons for other countries in its establishment.
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Reschovsky, Andrew. "The Impact of State Government Fiscal Crises on Local Governments and Schools." State and Local Government Review 36, no. 2 (August 2004): 86–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160323x0403600201.

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Afriansyah, Anggi, Fikri Muslim, Vera Bararah Barid, and Dini Dwi Kusumaningrum. "MANAJEMEN PENGELOLAAN SMK PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN YANG BERBASIS KEBUTUHAN LOKAL, NASIONAL DAN GLOBAL." Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia 15, no. 2 (March 29, 2021): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jki.v15i2.611.

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This paper aims to analyze the management of fisheries and marine vocational secondary schools in Indonesia. This paper will discuss two parts. The first part is the management of fisheries and marine vocational high schools in Indonesia. The second part is crucial problems in managing vocational schools for fisheries and maritime affairs in Indonesia. The data used in this paper is research data in the Special Region of Yogyakarta in 2018 and several data updates carried out during 2020. This research uses qualitative methods through a combination of data collection techniques, namely interviews, focus group discussion (FGD), and observation. Observations were made at SMKN 1 Sanden, SMKN 1 Temon, and Sadeng Harbor, Gunung Kidul. The results showed that local governments role in developing Fisheries and Marine Vocational High Schools is still not optimal and needs to be improved because it can be optimized to its regional potential. The synergy between the central government and local governments in developing and managing a Fisheries and Marine Vocational School is the crucial factor that needs to be considered.
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Abdul-Rahaman, Nurudeen, Zhou Rongting, Ming Wan, Issah Iddrisu, Abdul Basit Abdul Rahaman, and Latif Amadu. "The impact of government funding on senior high enrolment in Ghana." South African Journal of Education 40, no. 4 (November 30, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15700/saje.v40n4a1648.

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Successive governments, both military and civilian regimes, funded senior high school education in Ghana to increase access and improve quality since the nation attained independence on 6 March 1957. In the study reported on here we adopted a quantitative research method using secondary data from five public senior high schools in the Wa Municipality, as these schools are beneficiaries of government funding in Ghana. We used the generalised linear model to test the impact of government funding on student enrolment. The study reveals that government funding has a significant impact on increasing enrolment among girls but it is not statistically significant in increasing boys’ enrolment.
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Sweet, Robert. "A Profile of Private Vocational Training Schools." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 23, no. 3 (December 31, 1993): 36–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v23i3.183171.

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This paper outlines the salient features of private vocational training schools in four major regions of Canada. Schools are further described in terms of their operating principles and practices, the range of training programs offered and, finally, the regulatory and governance structures of federal and provincial governments and of the industry itself. This profile outlines the market-oriented nature of the proprietary school industry and is presented with reference to the community college and institute system where, to a limited degree, similar entrepreneurial features are found. On the basis of this comparison, some observations are made as to the potential contribution of proprietary schools toward current government efforts at improving training provision in Canada.
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Deepak, Dey Kumar. "Socio-demographic Characteristics of School Dropouts in Mahbubnagar District of Telangana State, India." Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 15, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.37.6.

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Free and compulsory education to all children up to the age of fourteen years is the commitment of the Constitution of India. The governments of India and state governments have initiated a number of programmes to achieve the goal of universalization of elementary education. Among them Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is the recent addition. According to the handbook of education statistics (2013-14), 38.2 per cent of children in the state who had enrolled in Class I did not reach Class X and were thus, deprived of basic education. To improve retention in government schools, understanding the socio-demographic characteristics of the parents of school dropout children would be advantageous. For the purposes of the study, a field survey was conducted in 18 villages of six rural Mandals of Mahbubnagar district with a sample of 401 respondents. Study finding revealed that both boys and girls in the age group of six to 18 years were equally vulnerable to dropouts. About 90 per cent of the school dropout children were from the government schools and three in five children in the age group of 15 to 18 years were dropped out from the school
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Kurzyna-Chmiel, Danuta. "Establishing a school network from the perspective of the competences of the school superintendent – an analysis of legal solutions in the light of the recent reform of the educational system." Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne 17, no. 4 (January 27, 2020): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/osap.1887.

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The local schools authorities represented by chief education officers perform pedagogical supervision and control. They also cooperate with local government units which are responsible for realization of most of the educational tasks. The latest reform of the educational system has considerably broadened the superintendents’ competences in many aspects, for example as regards evaluation of schools networks. Undoubtedly, the competences of the school superintendent limit the independence of local self-governments as far as their deciding about schools is concerned. In essence, the problem concerns the creation of legal solutions that allow universal access to education. One should strive to create a network of schools, which will remain unchanged for many years. The network must ensure a sense of security in the implementation of educational benefits to residents.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Governments schools"

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Boyle, Maureen, and n/a. "Principals' perceptions of school based management in Australian Capital Territory government schools." University of Canberra. School of Teacher Education, 1999. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060609.152858.

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This thesis investigates the views of principals in government schools in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) regarding school based management (SBM). School based management is defined as the delegation of certain decision making functions from central bureaucratic control to a group of personnel located at the school site. In the case of the ACT, delegation of decision making to school sites began in 1974. An additional set of responsibilities was delegated in the 1997/98 period. This study concentrates on the latter period but also takes the extended period of devolution into account. This investigation is based on qualitative and quantitative methods of enquiry and data collection to investigate principals' perceptions of SBM, particularly in relation to the demographic variables of the schools, and selected personal and professional characteristics of the principals. Initially twenty six semi-structured interviews were conducted with principals to determine a framework of seven constructs in relation to SBM. Qualitative data are reported by drawing on the extensive unabridged transcripts of the interviews. The data arising from the interview stage formed the basis for construction of a questionnaire administered to the total population of ninety seven principals in government schools in the ACT. The questionnaire consists of demographic, personal and professional items concerning the school and the principal, items related to the impact of SBM, questions regarding the principals' perceptions of satisfaction with their work, and the importance principals place on selected aspects of their role, particularly following the extension of SBM. Results of the questionnaire are reported using frequency distribution for each of the items in the questionnaire, followed by factor analysis and analysis of variance to test significant differences in the principals' views at the 0.05 or greater level. Results of these analyses show that principals have common perceptions in general about the nature and impact of SBM. Principals' perceptions are however, mediated by a number of independent variables. These are gender of the principal, experience of more than one year's work outside the field of education, the sector of their school, ie primary, high school or college, and the geographic location of the school. Their participation in SBM training programs, bureaucratic support to assist them in implementing SBM, and their expressed need for continued professional development are additional independent variables where statistically significant differences are apparent. Principals in this study view the extension of SBM responsibilities more as an administrative function, than an opportunity to engage in restructuring the school. They see that their role has expanded to place strong emphasis on business management and they consider that they are now working in a market oriented climate where competition for students is a real issue. Hours of work have increased, and maintenance of a balance between work and personal life is a growing concern. Despite this they do not want to return to the former arrangements and continue to express satisfaction with the intrinsic rewards of their profession such as contact with students, colleagues and the community. These results provide important insights into the type of SBM evident in ACT government schools at the time of this study. A number of recommendations for future research and practice are presented related to the findings and linked to the key themes arising in the literature.These suggest ways that SBM can and might be used as a catalyst for development of a new paradigm for education, which will meet the needs of a 'knowledge society' (Drucker, 1995) and engage schools in moving 'beyond the self managing school', (Caldwell and Spinks, 1998).
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Javier, Aser B. "The Constraints School of Local Governments in the Philippines: Governance to Government?" 名古屋大学大学院国際開発研究科, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14056.

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Mnakaniso, Mlamli Hendrick. "An investigation into the nature of relationships among SGB components: A case study of a rural school in Libode Mega District in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa." Thesis, Walter Sisulu University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11260/d1009471.

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The government established school Governing Bodies through the South African Schools ACTS NO 84 OF 1996. The aim of this Act was to inter alia ensure greater parental involvement in school management. The good relationship between the school and the community at large is important for the growth and development of a child. It was for that reason that the national department of education introduced a three legged body called SGB, which is composed of Parents, Teachers and Learners to govern the schools. In this study the researcher investigated the nature of relationship among the SGB components in rural schools. A case study was conducted at rural senior secondary school in the Libode Mega District‟. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among SGB components that are parents, teachers and learners in research school. This study would help in creating an understanding of the importance of good relationship among SGB components. The one broad research question was: What is the nature of relationships among the SGB components (parents, learners, and teachers) of the research school towards attainment of school goals? This was a case study using interviews, documents such as SGB minutes, notices of SGB meetings as an instrument for research. The sample represented all parents, learners and teachers who were SGB members in the research school. For purposes of validation the questionnaire was piloted to different schools with a similar situation to the research school. The data gathered were analysed qualitatively and findings and recommendations formed the most vital component of the dissertation. Findings were as follows: The SGB of the research school knew about their roles and responsibilities. SGB meetings were Organized and run properly. There were good Relationships among SGB components. Management of school finances was good and transparent. There were standing meetings for reporting to constituency.
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Yates, Jennifer M., and n/a. "Teachers' perceptions of the work of school counsellors in ACT government schools." University of Canberra. Education, 1995. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061112.104819.

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This study examines teachers' perceptions of the work of School Counsellors within government schools in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). Data were drawn from questionnaires returned by a representative sample of 279 teachers and principals, from 16 primary and 8 high schools. The purpose of the study was to: (i) partially replicate a study by Leach (1989) of Western Australian teachers' perceptions; and (ii) investigate whether or not teachers could be considered to be supportive of a general trend towards a broadening role for school psychologists which is evident in the literature. This trend suggests that practitioners of applied psychology in schools may prefer an expanded role which encompasses indirect service delivery in addition to the more traditional, child centred role. Respondents were asked to indicate their perceptions of the frequency of 65 tasks performed by School Counsellors, the competence with which those tasks were performed and the usefulness of those tasks. Also examined were perceptions of the process and quality of service delivery, and of actual and preferred qualifications and experience of School Counsellors. These results were compared with those of Leach (1989). Respondents were invited to prioritise service delivery in light of their professional needs. A factor analysis of respondents' perceptions of School Counsellors was undertaken. The results were similar to Leach's (1989) findings and indicated a general endorsement of the current work of School Counsellors, with traditional, direct service delivery tasks generally perceived as being performed more frequently and with more competence than the more innovative, indirect types of service delivery. There was a strong indication that respondents would like more of both types of service delivery, particularly indirect services, made possible through increased resourcing. Increases in respondents' classification level positively correlated with increased perceptions of task frequency and competence with which tasks were performed. A positive correlation was also found between the frequency of professional contact that respondents perceived they had with School Counsellors and their perceptions of the process and quality of service delivered by these practitioners. In relation to the process and quality of service delivery, few teachers perceived that School Counsellors communicated clearly about the services they offer, procedures used or results gained. This concern with communication was reinforced through examination of the factors underlying teachers' perceptions of both the frequency and usefulness of tasks. This study suggests that ACT teachers and principals are, to some extent, already experiencing and valuing some aspects of the trend in service delivery reflected in the literature. Discussion highlights the important role communication plays in indirect service delivery, and links it with the findings of this study, particularly as it relates to teachers' and administrators' apparent lack of knowledge of the qualifications and experience of School Counsellors.
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O, Sui-fong, and 柯瑞芳. "School based management: a way to improve teacher performance in Hong Kong Government schools." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3028823x.

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Nelipa, Tanya, and n/a. "The changing role of the A.C.T. government school principal : an investigation of administrators' perceptions." University of Canberra. Education, 1993. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060824.095312.

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This study researched three major areas of the school Principalship within the Australian Capital Territory government school system. The three major areas of research concern related to school Principalship were: 1. Changes in the role and responsibilities of the Principal 2. Skills Principals require to perform effectively within the role and responsibility. 3. How the education department may best facilitate and support effective performance of its Principals. An outline of the history of administrative and organisational restructuring within the A.C.T. government education system during the past two decades has been presented to provide the context of the study. A review of the literature also contributed to the contextual understanding of the study by examining specific issues and understandings within the literature. The specific issues and understandings related to: context and the role of the Principal concept of the role of the Principal instructional leadership and the role of the Principal administrative and organisational devolution and the role of the Principal The research methodology used to examine the issues central to this study is qualitative or descriptive in nature, reflecting a phenomenological perspective. The data was collected through personal interviews conducted with senior administrators of the A.C.T. government school system and written questionnaires completed by Principals of the A.C.T. government school system. The data comprises the perceptions, ideas and beliefs of the two defined groups targeted in the study. The analysis of responses presented the major findings regarding the perceptions, ideas and beliefs of the Principals and senior administrators of the A.C.T. government school system relating to the key research areas of this study. The major findings show that the role of the school Principal has changed, with Principals requiring a broader array of skills to effectively meet the challenges of the new role. The major findings discuss how the education department may best facilitate and support effective performance in the Principalship. The conclusions of the study discuss how changes to the role of the Principal have increased the Principal's workload, with Principals now required to utilise a broader scope of often new skills to effectively perform their changed role and responsibilities. The Principal respondents and senior administrator respondents suggest best ways that the education department may facilitate and support effective performance of the Principalship. It was also suggested that the amount of professional development and training was inadequate to facilitate the performance of effective Principalship. Respondents indicated that incentives such as sabbatical leave for Principals be facilitated by the education department to ensure Principals' professional renewal. Finally, the implications of the conclusions of the study address the ways in which the education department may best assist Principals to acquire the necessary new skills to effectively perform their changed role. The implications of the conclusions of the study also address the ways in which the education department may best facilitate and support Principals' professional renewal. The implications of the conclusions of the study state that the responsibility for Principals' professional development and renewal should be a shared responsibility between the school Principal and the education department.
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Rizvi, Meher. "The relationships between school reforms and teacher professionalism in government primary schools in Karachi, Pakistan." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15955/.

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The government primary education system in Karachi, Pakistan, is faced with many problems and dilemmas and each dilemma justifies a reason, but perhaps no problem is as grave as the dejected professional status of the government primary school teachers in Karachi. Schools are only as good as their teachers, regardless of how high their standards, how up-to-date their technology, or how innovative their programs. With a large numbers of under-educated, under-trained, under-paid and, most importantly of all, undervalued government primary school teachers in Karachi, Pakistan (Hoodbhoy, 1998; Shaikh, 1997), only a low percentage of teachers can be effective. Whether the children in Pakistan will be the enlightened and the informed citizens of tomorrow or ignorant members of society will depend on teacher knowledge, teacher education and above all teacher professionalism. If teachers do matter the most, then a series of questions result. What is being done for this section of the society that matters so much? Are efforts being taken to find out what teachers in the government primary schools need to achieve their professional goals? Are these teachers given adequate opportunities to learn, to improve and to become effective teachers? How can these teachers meet the ever increasing demands placed upon them? How will these teachers successfully lead the students into the twenty-first century? Do the primary government school teachers believe that they can successfully lead children into the twenty-first century? Are school reforms geared towards enhancing teachers' professionalism? This research that focuses on the relationships between school reforms and teacher professionalism in government primary schools in Karachi, Pakistan, addresses such questions. In this thesis, I outline some of the measures that have been taken at the government, at the non-government and at the school sector level to restructure and reform primary government schools in Pakistan. A mixed methods research approach was undertaken to investigate the relationships between these reforms and teacher professionalism. Quantitative data were collected by means of questionnaire surveys and qualitative data were collected in the selected four case sites by means of interviews and field notes. In this research it was important to investigate teacher efficacy, teacher practice, teacher leadership and collaborative efforts as the different dimensions of professionalism and the relationships between these and the school reforms for enhanced teacher professionalism. Research was required which addressed the question of "What it actually means to be a professional teacher in government primary schools in Karachi, Pakistan, and how school reforms can actually develop teacher learning for improved teacher professionalism?" Contrary to the detached and noncommittal attitude with which the government primary school teachers are characterized in many contexts, the teachers in this study have indicated that they are confident and capable; they can articulate and communicate ideas; they can make decisions and undertake responsibilities; they understand that it is important to collaborate and learn from one another; and they are willing to undertake leadership roles if they have the opportunities. This has strong implications for policy makers to provide teachers with the opportunities to become active and reflective professionals. It is important to regard teachers as change agents capable of generating knowledge and of making change happen, rather than as passive recipients and users of knowledge. The data provided by the teachers have indicated that it is possible to enhance teacher professionalism within the existing government primary school structures. While the different teachers were at different levels or stages of professionalism, it was quite clear that they had all advanced in terms of their professionalism as a consequence of reform initiatives. These changes in the teachers' levels of professionalism defined the relationships between the school reforms and teacher professionalism. In other words, the school reforms have been able to develop teacher professionalism and take it to a higher level than where it was when the reforms were initiated in the schools. Based on the analysis of the findings, this research theorizes that teacher professionalism is developed when teachers are provided with both the professional knowledge and skills to improve their capabilities, and opportunities to translate professional knowledge and skills into classroom and school activities to make the most of their capabilities. The research proposes that the strength of these relationships between school reforms and teacher professionalism depends on the dynamism with which the reform managers take teachers through the stage of involving them in developmental process, the stage of initiating professional development programmes and the stage of developing schools into collaborative cultures and establishing networks with the help of enlightened principals and hybrid support structures. Based on this proposition a number of principles have been identified for sustaining and further developing teacher professionalism. The study acknowledges that the process of developing teacher professionalism is complex and that it will be the blend of different elements in the schools, the particular school context and political will that will decide how professionalism can best be fostered in the government primary schools. However, since the principles derived from this research are based on grounded research findings and are also supported by literature and other relevant research in the area of teacher development, they may be applicable to other primary schools where similar reforms are being implemented in Pakistan and other developing countries seeking to address similar problems. Policy makers and large private organizations may benefit from the principles of developing and fostering teacher professionalism.
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Hughes, D. "Teaching singing in Sydney government schools." View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/36654.

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Thesis (Ph.D) -- University of Western Sydney, 2007.
A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, School of Communication Arts, in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographical references.
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Gribble, Susan J. "Kimberley schools: a search for success." Curtin University of Technology, Science and Mathematics Education Centre, 2002. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=13529.

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The purpose of this study was to identify the ways government schools in the Kimberley Education District of Western Australia attempted to engender success for their students. Schools in these communities are considered to be in poverty, they are largely populated by indigenous Australians, and situated in geographically isolated locations. It was important to establish the levels of student academic achievement and identify best school and classroom practices that centred on developing students' progress and achievement at school. The study was guided by the general research question: What are the effective ways school communities in the Kimberley work to improve student outcomes? Generating descriptions of best practices that make a geographical isolated school successful for students marginalised in the schooling process, and upon what criteria the success should be measured, were central to this research endeavour. It was critical to distinguish those dimensions of schooling in isolated areas that were malleable in improving the life chances of students. The study relied on an interpretive research methodology using both qualitative data and quantitative approaches to data collection, such as inquiry through conversations, informal and structured interviews, participant and non-participant observations, and the examination of material such as documents and students' work samples, complemented by a confirmatory survey and case studies. Participants in the study included school administration teams, teachers, students and their parents. The study was iterative and followed three distinct phases of development. In the first phase a general picture was gained about the ways in which schools in the Kimberley worked by observing four schools.
The second phase involved developing and administering a study-specific questionnaire to personnel in 14 different schools in the District. This part of the study sought to confirm the interpretive aspects of phase one. In the third phase of the study, a more detailed picture of schools was drawn through a case study approach in five selected schools. Of particular importance in the case study schools was the tracking of a purposive sample of 150 students to assess their reading and writing (including spelling) progress. The results of the student assessments were analysed in terms of the progress students made and interpreted according to the amount of time students attended school. Making judgments about the success of Kimberley schools was an evaluation process in terms of how students performed. The students' performance was linked to the best practices in schools and classrooms that best supported students' learning to ascertain areas where schools could improve their operations. The study has identified challenges associated with school-home relationships, the ways schools and classrooms operate, the ways school plan and implement curriculum, how teachers develop their pedagogies, and the ways students are assessed. In response to teachers who do not fully understand these challenges, many Aboriginal children will choose to continue avoiding school or actively resist engaging in the learning process.
Importantly, at the school level it was found that teachers were best supported in their work when school leaders worked to make everyone's day-to-day classroom work easier, engendered a congenial workplace environment which alleviated some of the personal stresses teachers experienced, ensured school plans went into operation in all classrooms across the school, and created a close link between the school, parents, and the community. At the classroom level in the Kimberley context, calm, stable, and orderly classroom environments are essential to establish. Consistent pedagogy is required across all classrooms within a school but a variety of activities within classrooms is important to accommodate Aboriginal styles of learning. Monitoring the continuity in students' progress as they moved from one year level to the next is imperative. The study showed that there are ways that schools can work for the betterment of students' progress at school but these ways are not universally adopted or implemented. Teachers in the Kimberley schools can learn to understand how to create a good school, how schools can be described as effective and improving, and how they can be termed schools that meet equality and quality ideals. The recommendations made from the study are intended to enable administration teams, teachers, and policy decision makers to make more informed decisions about schooling for geographically isolated students in government schools in the Kimberley region.
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Agbomeji, Ayinda Mojeed Oladele. "An investigation into factors that shape secondary school female retention in two rural public schools, Alimosho Region, Lagos State, Nigeria." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004331.

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Challenges of access to education in the developing world and elsewhere appear to be widespread. Many declarations and conventions have been developed to assist countries to respond to the issue. While challenges of access are universal, Africa in general and sub-Saharan Africa in particular are presented with additional concerns about gender equality and gender parity. While learner numbers seem to be on the decline globally, dropout amongst girls is disproportionately greater than amongst boys. Even though school retention presents a challenge at all levels of the schooling system, it is more acute for girls at the secondary school level. This study was conducted to examine and understand factors that shape retention of secondary school female learners in two rural public schools in Alimosho Region of Lagos State, Nigeria. The study design was qualitative and interpretive in nature. Data collection strategies included administered questionnaires in two schools, focus group discussion with twenty female learners in two schools, case studies, individual interviews with four participants from two schools, and observation in English and Biology classes where the two teachers from the two schools participated in the interviews. Ethical clearance from Alimosho Educational Region office and the two schools was obtained before undertaking the study. Participants’ school principals also signed written consent forms before interviews. The female learners were briefed about the study interview activities and advised that their participation was voluntary and that they were free to withdraw at any point. This study drew on Sen’s (1989, 2000) capabilities theory to understand the phenomenon beyond dominant discourses on education that view education as a basic human right or that focus on economic and development gains. The key finding of this study is that in-school and out- of- school factors interact in complex ways to support female learner retention. Key among these are value placed on education by female learners and significant others, particularly parents; family support; and individual aspirations. Extra-curricular participation, government policy, role models, and peer support were also found to be important factors that mediate progression and retention.
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Books on the topic "Governments schools"

1

B, Abrahams Daniel, ed. Fair labor standards handbook for states, local governments, and schools. Washington, D.C: Thompson Pub. Group, 1985.

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Lillbacka, Ralf. The legitimacy of the political system: The case of Finland. Åbo [Sweden]: Åbo Akademis Förlag, Åbo Akademi University Press, 1999.

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Employment and Training. Communications Division for Employee Relations Victoria. Department of Education. Victorian government schools: School staffing handbook. Melbourne: Communications Division for Employee Relations, Dept. of Education, Employment and Training, 2001.

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California. Legislature. Senate. Committee on Health and Human Services. Joint informational hearing of the Senate Committees on Health and Human Services and Environmental Quality on state and local governments' role in preventing and mitigating environmental health risks in California schools. Sacramento, CA: Senate Publications, 2004.

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Commission, Virginia General Assembly Joint Legislative Audit &. Review. Local government and school division consolidation. Richmond, Virginia: Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission, 2014.

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Carlson, Regina. Smokefree air everywhere: Why and how for decision makers in workplaces and public places : for employers, governments, schools, public places, restaurants, landlords, addiction treatment programs, and outdoor settings. Summit, N.J. (105 Mountain Ave., Summit 07901): New Jersey Group Against Smoking Pollution, 1997.

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Burke, Terry. Best practice in educational leadership: Case studies of ten effective principals in NSW government secondary schools. Edited by University of Wollongong. Faculty of Education, NSW Department of Education and Training, and NSW Secondary Principals Council. Wollongong, NSW: University of Wollongong. Faculty of Education, 2003.

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Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. Select Committee on Science and Technology. Science in schools: Government Responses. London: Stationery Office, 2001.

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American government for Christian schools. Greenville, SC: Bob Jones University Press, 1989.

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Government, schools, and the law. London: Routledge, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Governments schools"

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Lawson, Hal A., and Dolf van Veen. "The New Design as a Catalyst for Systems Change: Forging New Relationships with Universities and Governments." In Developing Community Schools, Community Learning Centers, Extended-service Schools and Multi-service Schools, 407–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25664-1_15.

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Chong, Alberto. "Computers in Schools: Why Governments Should Do Their Homework." In Development Connections, 169–211. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230118379_6.

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Thomson, Sue. "Australia: PISA Australia—Excellence and Equity?" In Improving a Country’s Education, 25–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59031-4_2.

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AbstractAustralia’s education system reflects its history of federalism. State and territory governments are responsible for administering education within their jurisdiction and across the sector comprising government (public), Catholic systemic and other independent schooling systems. They collaborate on education policy with the federal government. Over the past two decades the federal government has taken a greater role in funding across the education sector, and as a result of this involvement and the priorities of federal governments of the day, Australia now has one of the highest rates of non-government schooling in the OECD. Funding equity across the sectors has become a prominent issue. Concerns have been compounded by evidence of declining student performance since Australia’s initial participation in PISA in 2000, and the increasing gap between our high achievers and low achievers. This chapter explores Australia’s PISA 2018 results and what they reveal about the impact of socioeconomic level on student achievement. It also considers the role of school funding and the need to direct support to those schools that are attempting to educate the greater proportion of an increasingly diverse student population including students facing multiple layers of disadvantage.
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Li, Guangping, and Rao Congman. "Teacher Education Innovation in Northeast Normal University of China: University Governments-Schools Partnership Program." In Technology and Workplace Skills for the Twenty-First Century, 125–31. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137491923_10.

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Rodwell, Grant. "National governments respond." In Risk Society and School Educational Policy, 115–37. First edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge research in education policy and politics: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429444036-6.

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Dimmock, Clive, and Jonathan W. P. Goh. "Transforming Singapore Schools: The Economic Imperative, Government Policy and School Principalship." In International Handbook of Leadership for Learning, 225–41. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1350-5_15.

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Velasquez, Diane L. "E-Government, Government Documents, and School Libraries." In Educational Media and Technology Yearbook, 177–90. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1516-0_13.

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Birungi, Bonita, Mengistu Hadijah Nandyose, Mengistu Fred Wood, and Mengistu Catherine Kennedy. "Uganda, 1999–2005: Transferring to Government Control." In Community Schools in Africa:, 101–32. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-45107-7_5.

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Bibby, Tamara, Ruth Lupton, and Carlo Raffo. "Government Policies in Practice." In Responding to Poverty and Disadvantage in Schools, 95–109. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-52156-9_6.

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Guo-Brennan, Michael. "Government as Provider of Education Services." In Community Engagement for Better Schools, 3–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54038-8_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Governments schools"

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Veen, Wim. "How technologies change our schools, companies and governments." In the International Workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1750405.1750409.

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Hadiyanto, Rifma, Adek Febriyanti, and Usti Ba’di Fitrillah. "Contribution of Transformational Leadership, School Committees, Supervision, and Local Governments to School-Based Management at Junior Secondary Schools." In 2nd Yogyakarta International Conference on Educational Management/Administration and Pedagogy (YICEMAP 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201221.021.

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A´vila, Javier, Silvia Gonza´lez, Vicente Borja, Alejandro C. Rami´rez, and Marcelo Lo´pez Parra. "Applying a Design Process to Create a Reduction Platform of GHG in Industries." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39382.

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This paper describes the final results of a project aiming at addressing climate change by creating a GHG reduction platform for businesses with carbon management needs in global markets. The project was carried out during a New Product Development course in a bi-national program between The University of California at Berkeley (UCB) and the National University of Mexico (Universidad Nacional Auto´noma de Me´xico, UNAM) in Mexico City. The program features collaboration between the Engineering and Design Schools at UNAM and Engineering and Business Schools at UCB and the College of Architecture CCA. The project, The Carbon Collaborative (TCC) is aimed at consolidating and managing the wide variety of policies and instruments created by governments and environmental organizations to mitigate climate change, and the anthropogenic gas emissions emitted by industry in particular in the US and Mexico. Based on a web platform TCC will provide companies with information on carbon legislation and a centralized location to find transparent and certified methodologies for carbon emission assessment. The differences between the US and Mexican markets lead to advantages for each part. The US market is full of developed consulting enterprises, which is not the case in the Mexican arena, giving to TCC the opportunity of being pioneers to regulate and manage large and small emitters, government environmental agencies and ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) companies.
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POLCYN, Jan, and Bazyli CZYŻEWSKI. "POPULATION DENSITY IN RURAL AREAS AS A DRIVER OF THE HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.042.

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Rural areas are typically characterised by uneven access to education and the resulting varying levels of pupils’ educational attainment. The inefficiency of the education system may lead to a decreased level of human capital development in the society. It is therefore vital to identify the factors responsible for the inefficiency of the education system and take steps to mitigate their negative impact. The aim of the present study is to determine the relationship between the population density in rural areas, the pupils’ average level of examination performance and the educational value added. The analyses were based on the exam results achieved by lower secondary school-leavers in 1,372 rural communes between 2012 and 2014. The original intention was to include all rural communes in the analysis. However, due to the incompleteness of the data concerning some of the communes, they were eventually excluded from the study. The final sample for analysis consisted of about 58% of all rural communes in Poland. The communes were divided into classes, based on the criterion of population density. The objects under study were arranged in an ascending order according to the value of the population density variable, and then divided into four classes (class A contained 25% of communes with the highest population density). The classes thus defined were used as a qualitative predictor in the subsequently performed ANOVA test. As a next step, contrasts were determined by applying a simple contrast to the analysed classes of communes. The analyses revealed that the highest examination results were achieved in the communes with the highest population density, while the lowest examination results were found in the communes with the lowest population density. This dependence may be indicative of educational negligence at lower levels of education, in this particular case - at the stage of primary school. The results of the analyses point to the need for expanding the network of nursery schools. To address the above problem, financial support should be provided from the state budget to social initiatives aimed at increasing the access to nursery schools, e.g. by creating an appropriate system of subsidies for nursery schools run by both local governments and private entities.
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Hollingsworth, Hilary, Jonathan Heard, Anthony Hockey, and Tegan Knuckey. "Reporting student progress: What might it look like?" In Research Conference 2021: Excellent progress for every student. Australian Council for Educational Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-638-3_16.

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The Communicating Student Learning Progress review produced by ACER in 2019 set out recommendations for schools and systems to improve the way schools report on student learning, in particular learning progress. Two case study schools from Victoria – a Catholic primary school and government secondary school – discuss changes they’ve made to their student reporting processes, in response to the review’s recommendations. Further research is recommended into how schools are rethinking reporting to engage students and parents in monitoring learning growth.
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Adonis, Tracey-Ann, and Shaheed Hartley. "Enhancing learning environments through partnerships in an attempt to facilitate school effectiveness." In Fifth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head19.2019.9132.

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South Africa (SA) is a developing country struggling to address educational transformation inherited from a previous apartheid regime and created by the current democratic government. Education is an area which is struggling within a SA context. Many schools in disadvantaged communities are faced with inadequate infrastructure and lack of resources yet the expectation is for schools to show evidence of effectiveness irrespective of these challenges. This context prompted an investigation into the development of the school learning environment utilising a participatory action research design at a disadvantaged primary school in the Western Cape, SA. The major findings included that the school learning environment was influenced by the unique challenges and pressures in the school context; that collaborative efforts between stakeholders contribute to school effectiveness irrespective of context through acknowledging the school as an organisational system which requires the principal, educators, parents and community to effectively collaborate through open channels of communication in order to facilitate optimal teaching and learning environments which contribute to school effectiveness. The community component in the school learning environment needed to be acknowledged as the validation of the experiences of educators, learners, parents, principal and community is important in the South African context.
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M. Abu-Samaha, Ala, and Rima Shishakly. "Assessment of School Information System Utilization in the UAE Primary Schools." In InSITE 2008: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3260.

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This paper presents an assessment of School Information Systems (SIS) Utilization in the United Arab Emirates’ (UAE) primary schools through a holistic descriptive approach that involves explaining, studying and analyzing the current technical status of the schools’ SIS. To do so, the researchers used a series of case studies (documents analysis, questionnaires and interviews) of a number of primary schools representing the educational zones of the UAE to acquire an understanding of SIS level of utilization. According to the research results, the majority of primary schools have computerized their administrative activities at different levels via the Ministry of Education’s suggested system or individually procured systems. Though, the use of Information and Communication Technologies, including SIS, is in its initial stage despite the adopted strategy by the UAE government to accelerate the effective utilization of educational management and automation technologies in the educational institutions and the Ministry of Education itself.
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Tahtamouni, Suha Fayed, Shinda Mohammad, Lina Said Zukari, Momena Khader Tayeh, and Hissa Sadiq. "The effect of teaching science and mathematics in Arabic on the level of students' performance in Qatari schools." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0269.

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The interest in education is the cornerstone of the civilized growth of the State of Qatar, because of its great impact on preparing the human resources that the nation needs for its progress in various fields, in order to achieve the Qatar National Vision 2030. In 2003, the State of Qatar launched an ambitious initiative to develop public education known as “Education for a New Era”. A bilingual system that started with teaching Math and Science subjects, so that both Arabic and English are used in the educational process, followed by a decision to teach the two subjects in Arabic in all government schools. Therefore, this research aims to focus on the performance in government schools in the country, which shows the rates of student achievement in specific educational stages and in specific subjects, where the improvement of achievement in government school students in basic subjects (Arabic, English, Mathematics and Science) in the three educational stages, is considered to be one of the objectives of the Ministry of Education and Higher Education to realize the Qatar National Vision 2030, and accordingly the Ministry of Education and Higher Education sets and develops many strategies, procedures and decisions with the aim of achieving this goal.
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Aquino, Eduardo. "Copacabana Non-Public: Toward a New Public Attitude." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.52.

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More than a physicality, public space is a condition beyond an urban fragment or locality. Before it becomes a place, public space exists as a shared value. The devastation of the Amazon forest by multinational meat producers, the launch into space of a Tesla Roadster by Elon Musk, shootings in public schools, and the development of a new Trump tower in a big city somewhere in the world are just some examples of spaces being taken over by the relentless neoliberal advances into places that were once shared or not claimed at all, or simply considered “public.” This process of takeover happens persistently in our cities, through ever-subtle or overstated methods by corporations and governments, by disfranchised groups, empowered tribes, or simply disguised by over-regulation. Starting from the premise that, in fact, “public space” as we know does not exist, this paper explores the notion of “non-public” as a critical foundation for a new reclamation of our cities. The paper plays the devil’s advocate to counterpoint the frequent academic discourse that references public space as a normalized urban entity. Taking on a shifted direction Copacabana Non-public challenges the notion of what constitutes “public space” to change so many fixed assumptions. Instead of dancing around the subject, it exercises the consideration of the conditions that make public space in reality non-public—its constituencies and jurisdictions, its stakeholders and claimants, its crisis and promises. Taking Copacabana beach as a study case, Copacabana Non-public seeks to map out the real actors of public space to locate new strategies of engagement to transform its pseudo-public character, to identify policy and design strategies that reclaim urban spaces for more democratic citizenries.
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von Solms, S., W. S. Hurter, and J. Meyer. "A Sustainable Model for Problem Based Learning in a South African School." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-68075.

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South Africa is currently facing an education dilemma with high numbers of youth unemployment and a growing specialized skills shortage in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). STEM problem based learning events, hosted by government and the corporate sector, has shown to improve science and technology literacy and to encourage the youth to pursue tertiary education in the field of science. Unfortunately, schools face a range of challenges which restricts them from participating in these learning methods, depriving learners of the advantages offered by problem based learning. This paper presents a model for the sustainable provision of STEM problem based learning opportunities in South African schools. The presented model is based on a two-team mentoring model which makes problem based learning sustainable in a South African school environments. The Shell Eco Marathon is in its third year, and the students that have passed through the program will now be progressing to university. The impact of this program, therefore, will be become evident by the success of the students’ studies in the near future.
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Reports on the topic "Governments schools"

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Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo, and Erika Londoño-Ortega. Geographic Isolation and Learning in Rural Schools. Banco de la República, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1169.

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Rural schools are usually behind in terms of learning, and part of this could be related to geographical isolation. We explore this hypothesis, assessing the effect of distance between rural schools and local governments on learning in Colombia. We use spatial discontinuous regression models based on detailed administrative records from the education system and granular geographic information. Results indicate that distance to towns and Secretary of Education has significant negative effects on students’ standardized test scores. We evaluated alternative mechanisms, finding that the effect of distance is partly explained by differences in critical educational inputs, such as teachers’ education attainment and contract stability. Finally, we assess the mediating role of a program providing monetary incentives to teachers and principals in remote areas.
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Hanushek, Eric, and Kuzey Yilmaz. Schools and Location: Tiebout, Alonso, and Government Policy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w12960.

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Cilliers, Jacobus, Eric Dunford, and James Habyarimana. What Do Local Government Education Managers Do to Boost Learning Outcomes? Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/064.

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Decentralization reforms have shifted responsibility for public service delivery to local government, yet little is known about how their management practices or behavior shape performance. We conducted a comprehensive management survey of mid-level education bureaucrats and their staff in every district in Tanzania, and employ flexible machine learning techniques to identify important management practices associated with learning outcomes. We find that management practices explain 10 percent of variation in a district's exam performance. The three management practices most predictive of performance are: i) the frequency of school visits; ii) school and teacher incentives administered by the district manager; and iii) performance review of staff. Although the model is not causal, these findings suggest the importance of robust systems to motivate district staff, schools, and teachers, that include frequent monitoring of schools. They also show the importance of surveying subordinates of managers, in order to produce richer information on management practices.
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Margo, Robert. Segregated Schools and the Mobility Hypothesis: A Model of Local Government Discrimination. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/h0017.

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Oza, Shardul, and Jacobus Cilliers. What Did Children Do During School Closures? Insights from a Parent Survey in Tanzania. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2021/027.

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In this Insight Note, we report results of a phone survey that the RISE Tanzania Research team conducted with 2,240 parents (or alternate primary care-givers) of primary school children following the school closures in Tanzania. After the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Tanzania on 16 March 2020, the government ordered all primary schools closed the following day. Schools remained closed until 29 June 2020. Policymakers and other education stakeholders were concerned that the closures would lead to significant learning loss if children did not receive educational support or engagement at home. To help stem learning loss, the government promoted radio, TV, and internet-based learning content to parents of school-age children. The primary aims of the survey were to understand how children and families responded to the school closures, the education related activities they engaged in, and their strategies to send children back to school. The survey also measures households’ engagement with remote learning content over the period of school closures. We supplement the findings of the parent survey with insights from interviews with Ward Education Officers about their activities during the school closures. The survey sample is comprised of primary care-givers (in most cases, parents) of students enrolled in Grades 3 and 4 during the 2020 school year. The survey builds on an existing panel of students assessed in 2019 and 2020 in a nationally representative sample of schools.4 The parent surveys were conducted using Computer Assisted Telephonic Interviewing (CATI) over a two-week period in early September 2020, roughly two months after the re-opening of primary schools. We report the following key findings from this survey: *Almost all (more than 99 percent) of children in our sample were back in school two months after schools re-opened. The vast majority of parents believed it was either safe or extremely safe for their children to return to school. *Only 6 percent of households reported that their children listened to radio lessons during the school closures; and a similar fraction (5.5 percent) tuned into TV lessons over the same period. Less than 1 percent of those surveyed accessed educational programmes on the internet. Households with access to radio or TV reported higher usage. *Approximately 1 in 3 (36 percent) children worked on the family farm during the closures, with most children working either 2 or 3 days a week. Male children were 6.2 percentage points likelier to work on the family farm than female children. *Households have limited access to education materials for their child. While more than 9 out of 10 households have an exercise book, far fewer had access to textbooks (35 percent) or own reading books (31 percent). *One in four parents (24 percent) read a book to their child in the last week.
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Hanushek, Eric, and Kuzey Yilmaz. Household Location and Schools in Metropolitan Areas with Heterogeneous Suburbs; Tiebout, Alonso, and Government Policy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15915.

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Chowdry, Haroon, and Luke Sibieta. Introducing a pupil premium: IFS researchers' response to government consultation on school funding arrangements. Institute for Fiscal Studies, October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/bn.ifs.2010.00111.

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Tofaris, Elizabeth, ed. ESRC-FCDO Research for Policy and Practice: Education Accountability Relationships Between Schools, Communities, and Government in India. REAL Centre, University of Cambridge and The Impact Initiative, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii353.

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Barrera-Osorio, Felipe, Paul Gertler, Nozomi Nakajima, and Harry A. Patrinos. Promoting Parental Involvement in Schools: Evidence from Two Randomized Experiments. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/060.

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Parental involvement programs aim to strengthen school-home relations with the goal of improving children’s educational outcomes. We examine the effects of a parental involvement program in Mexico, which provides parent associations with grants and information. We separately estimate the effect of the grants from the effect of the information using data from two randomized controlled trials conducted by the government during the rollout of the program. Grants to parent associations did not improve educational outcomes. Information to parent associations reduced disciplinary actions in schools, mainly by increasing parental involvement in schools and changing parenting behavior at home. The divergent results from grants and information are partly explained by significant changes in perceptions of trust between parents and teachers. Our results suggest that parental involvement interventions may not achieve their intended goal if institutional rules are unclear about the expectations of parents and teachers as parents increase their involvement in schools.
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Komba, Aneth, and Richard Shukia. Accountability Relationships in 3Rs Curriculum Reform Implementation: Implication for Pupils’ Acquisition of Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Tanzania’s Primary Schools. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/065.

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This study responded to one key research question: What are the accountability relationships between the actors in implementing the 3Rs curriculum reform? A qualitative research approach informed the study, using key informant interviews, focus group discussion and document review. The data were analysed using thematic and content analysis. The study established that the key actors in implementing the 3Rs curriculum are the government institutions and the development partners. These actors provide teaching, learning materials and support in the provision of in-service teacher training. Yet, the pupils’ and teachers’ materials prepared by the donor programmes were never authorised by the Commissioner for Education. The study also found that the implementation of the 3Rs was very uneven across the country, with some regions receiving support from both the government and donors, and others receiving support from the government only. Consequently, schools in areas that were exposed to more than one type of support benefited from various teaching and learning materials, which led to confusion regarding when to use them. Moreover, the initiatives by several donors exclusively focus on public schools, which use Kiswahili as the medium of instruction and hence, there existed inequality across the various types of schools. Furthermore, the funds for implementing the reform were provided by both the development partners and the government. The Global Partnership for Education (GPE)—Literacy and Numeracy Education Support (LANES) Program— provided a large proportion of the funds. However, the funds remained insufficient to meet the training needs. As a result, the training was provided for only few days and to a few teachers. Consequently, the sustainability of the reform, in the absence of donor funding, remains largely questionable.
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