Relevant bibliographies by topics / Governments

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Governments'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Governments"

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Bachtiar, Rizqi, and Prischa Listiningrum. "Local Governments Amalgamation in Indonesia: Prospects and Challenges." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 20, no. 3 (June 21, 2022): 597–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/20.3.597-616(2022).

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This research focuses on analysing the importance of amalgamation of local governments and critically examine the current neglect of the amalgamation of local governments in Indonesia. By using a case study approach, the investigation on the importance of local government amalgamation in Indonesia found that amalgamation is an alternative policy to be taken by the government, and can be contrasted with the policy practiced until recently, which permitted extensive proliferation in the numbers of local governments. There is no evidence to suggest any specific attempt from the government to implement amalgamation. The government’s objective is to uphold a moratorium on proliferation, even though the government’s target has been broken by the approval of some new local governments during the moratorium period. Adverse economic motives, intertwined with political factors, are the main reasons for the failure to adopt a policy of amalgamation of local governments in Indonesia.
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Vigneault, Marianne. "Fiscal Decentralization with Regional Redistribution and Risk Sharing." Public Finance and Management 10, no. 1 (March 2010): 48–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152397211001000103.

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The paper examines the incentive effects of intergovernmental transfers on regional government spending levels in a multi-period model. The focus is on the repeated strategic interaction between the regional and federal governments and the exploration of the factors influencing the federal government's incentive to create soft budget constraints. The paper models the time-path of regional government spending when regional governments face uncertainty in regard to the federal government's ability to commit to its announced transfer scheme. The results show that in the presence of small shocks to regional endowments, the softness of regional government budget constraints increases over time if the federal government has a known finite mandate. Large shocks, however, can result in discrete changes in regional government spending that persist for the remainder of the federal government's mandate. The paper also shows how the time-path of regional government spending depends on the discount rate, the time horizon, and the regional governments’ prior uncertainty regarding the federal government's commitment ability.
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Park, Jong-Ryeol, and Sang Ouk Noe. "교육감과 관련한 일본의 지방교육자치제도에 대한 연구." K Association of Education Research 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 91–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.48033/jss.8.1.6.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the problems with the education autonomy system and conflicts of the Japan, which is implementing the local education autonomy system to find a way to resolve conflicts and disputes that occur between the Minister of Education and the educational superintendent., and to suggest reasonable improvements. In Japan, as in Korea, there are conflicts and disputes between the central government and local governments. However, what is different from us is that the autonomy of local governments has been strengthened following the decentralization reform promoted by Japan in the 1990s. The Local Autonomy Act restricts the central government's involvement with local governments, and requires its intervention to meet the specified requirements and to follow due process, detailed in the relevant laws. In other words, the case of Japan, where there is a legal regulation making the central government not restricting or interfering autonomy of local governments, suggests that more detailed regulations are required within the scope that the government’s involvement and intervention doesn’t undermine the autonomy of local governments to us, where the requirements and process of the central governments’ intervention in local governments are simplified. In Korea, similar to the National and Local Dispute Resolution Committee in Japan, an administrative consultation and mediation committee exists under Article 168, but it is ineffective because there are insufficient regulations on the authority of the committee and the effect of the decision of the committee on the central and local governments. It is necessary to prepare a new type of dispute mediation body and related regulations that can minimize the loss that may occur in case of a dispute or conflict through comparative review of dispute mediation bodies in Korea and Japan.
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Neves, Fabrício, and Polyana Silva. "E-government in local governments’ websites." Revista Catarinense da Ciência Contábil 20 (July 30, 2021): e3160. http://dx.doi.org/10.16930/2237-7662202131602.

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The literature perceives governments’ websites as an effective tool for increasing information delivery, user interaction, and the government services’ supply, being the most visible aspects of citizens concerning public management. However, the interaction of citizens with governments is still unclear. The practical implications of conducting e-government, capable of expanding this relationship, are still invisible. This study aims to provide an understanding of how governments’ websites are used as an e-government tool in local governments, highlighting how e-government concepts have been empirically employed. The study takes a qualitative approach, examining five municipalities in a microregion in the Brazilian state of Bahia. We gathered the data using a triangulation process that included semi-structured interviews, analysis of the websites, and opinion questionnaires to the citizens. Our research shows that governments lack compelling actions and coordinated internal procedures, resulting in a gap between practice and digital governance policies, resulting in low citizens' participation, and unfamiliarity with government communication channels. The study contributes to the e-government literature by offering further insight into how people and organizations influence technology use, providing elements that can guide motivated public managers to increase relationships and communication with society. We highlight the need to investigate the phenomenon of digital transformation in governments at the organizational level.
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Pratama, Arie, Nunuy Nur Afiah, and Adhi Alfian. "How good is the government? Analysis of west java’s local government disclosure through an integrated reporting framework." Humanities and Social Sciences Letters 11, no. 2 (May 2, 2023): 179–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/73.v11i2.3350.

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The present study aims to determine the level and quality of comprehensive performance disclosure of the West Java government of Indonesia using an integrated reporting framework. The study analyzes the disclosure of government performance information based on the Notes to the Financial Statements of 27 districts/city governments and one provincial government in the West Java region from 2016–2020. The data was obtained by conducting a content analysis of the government's financial statements using the integrated reporting quality disclosure matrix. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests, and a cluster analysis. The results indicate that: (1) the quality of disclosure in government financial statements according to the integrated reporting framework is still low, with an average score of 35.19%; (2) there is no difference in the scores of disclosure items between district and city governments, but there is an increase in disclosure per year for two elements and total disclosure; and (3) the cluster formed indicates that 22 of 28 district and city governments need to improve the quality of their disclosures. In general, the disclosure quality of the West Java government’s financial statements is still at a low level. The results indicate the need to improve the quality of financial reporting by the government and the use of integrated reporting as a frame of reference.
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RICKARDS, ROBERT C. "Setting New Spending Priorities in Japanese Prefectures." Comparative Political Studies 18, no. 3 (October 1985): 373–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414085018003005.

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Several propostions about resource allocation behavior are tested with data for the Japanese national government and 46 prefectural governments. Results are compared with those from parallel tests employing data for the West German national government and 105 municipal governments. Most of the behavior observed in both countries seems compatible with the incremental model's assumptions. However, the West German national government's spending patterns are shown to be just as stable as the Japanese national government's. This finding runs counter to baransu descriptions of budgeting in Japan. Findings for subnational governments in both countries also contadict the literature. In particular, the expenditure pattern variability of Japanese prefectures and West German municipalities decreases with increased interparty competition.
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Inata, Lia Candra, Erwin Saraswati, and Abdul Ghofar. "Financial Statements Disclosure On Indonesian Local Government : IPSAS And PSAP Disclosure Approach." Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi dan Keuangan 12, no. 3 (December 31, 2022): 611–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jrak.v12i3.20938.

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The objective of this research is to assess and analyze the effect of political culture, government financial, government size, and economic growth on Indonesian local government’s financial reporting disclosure. The financial reporting disclosure of government, particularly the locals, is an important aspect for the fulfillment of users’ need for information. The sample of this research is 320 research data from 64 Indonesian local governments that meet certain criteria. The multiple regression analysis performed on the data has led to findings political culture expressed with the level of openness of local governments and large measures of government is a factor for informants to disclose information in accordance with the provisions of international standards and local governments to be more open. While government finance and economic growth do not influence local governments to disclose information. This is because governments that have better financial conditions tend to have less information disclosure rate. This research can be used by local governments to evaluate their information disclosures and to improve them by referring to applicable standards, guided by IPSAS, and can be used by the committee to enhance the related standard rules.
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Dick-Sagoe, Christopher, Ernest Ngeh Tingum, and Peter Asare-Nuamah. "Flypaper effects of Central Transfers on the spending behaviour of Ghana’s central region local governments: Does status matter?" Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 35, no. 3 (August 22, 2022): 297–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v35i32022.297-309.

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Fiscal system incentivises local government officials to depend on central government’s transfers to fund their budgets. This paper examines whether district and municipal status local government officials exhibit the same spending behaviour when presented with central government’s transfers. The paper uses the panel data model to estimate the flypaper effect on district and municipal status local governments in the Central Region of Ghana from 2008 to 2015. The result shows differences in spending behaviour between district and municipal status local governments, where the flypaper effect is more pronounced on municipal status local governments (52.6%) than district status local governments (44.8%). Though municipal local governments are financially better in raising own-source revenues compared to the district local governments, the design of the fiscal system tends to make municipal local governments more reliant on central transfers than on expenditure of own-source revenues. This reduces interest in raising own-source revenue and its expenditure, a situation which has an adverse long-term impact on decentralisation in terms of citizen empowerment and participation. The study recommends an optimal level of central transfers which will serve the purpose of correcting vertical and horizontal imbalances, as in theory, and at the same time promote the ideals of decentralisation (citizen empowerment and participation).
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Jarosz, Adam J. "Rządowe programy wsparcia samorządu terytorialnego w latach 2018–2022." Studia Politologiczne, no. 1/2023(67) (March 31, 2023): 104–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/spolit.2023.67.7.

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In the period of 2018–2022 Polish government implemented the record number of programs for financial support of local governments. Their aim was to improve local services, maintain the high level of investments, aid in the fight against COVID-19 pandemics and rebuilding the economy, as well as equalising the potential decline of incomes related to the taxation reforms implemented since 2019. Programs on the record amount of 135,58 billion PLN helped to remain the investments on the earlier level, as the COVID-19 pandemics caused only temporary decline in own revenues.
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Nugraha, Andri. "Influence Of Financial Audit Findings, Governments Wealth, Size Of Government And Leverage On The Performance Of Regency/City Governments In Indonesia." International Journal of Applied Finance and Business Studies 9, no. 2 (September 30, 2021): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35335/ijafibs.v9i2.13.

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This study aims to determine the effect of BPK audit findings, government's wealth, size of government as well as leverage on the performance of local government districts / cities in Indonesia. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis, Classical Assumption Test, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, Testing Hypothesis, and the coefficient of determination. This study examined the relationship between BPK audit findings with the performance of local governments, government's wealth with local government performance, size of government with local government performance, as well as leverage the performance of local governments. The population in this study are all local government districts / cities in Indonesia, the sample in this study were 47 local government districts / cities in Indonesia. The type of data in this research is secondary data. The selection of the sampling method is a purposive sampling method. And data processing using SPSS software. The results contained in this research is the BPK audit findings and leverage partially no significant effect on the performance of the district / city in Indonesia. While the government's negative wealth effect and the size of government has positive influence on the performance of the government. And other results are BPK audit findings, government's wealth, size of government as well as leverage together have a significant influence on the financial performance of the district / city in Indonesia.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Governments"

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October, Lauren Sue. "Liberation movements as governments : understanding the ANC's quality of government." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96657.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Liberation struggles and the way liberation movements are organised can leave a lasting impact on post-liberation societies. This research project was conducted in order to research liberation movements as governments and how the quality of governance is affected in post-liberation societies when liberation movements become governments. The South African liberation movement is seen as having contributed to one of the most peaceful transitions of power on the African continent. However, the stigma surrounding liberation movements prompted a study of the South African liberation movement and to establish whether or not the ANC as ruling party has made a success of its governance of South Africa. This thesis uses South Africa as a case study to determine how quality of governance is affected when liberation movements become governments. This thesis focused on the lingering effects of the structure and organisation of liberation movements. It is thus an exploratory as well as descriptive study where the legacies of the South African liberation movement are investigated and where the ANC as a liberation movement is compared to the ANC as a ruling party. Using historical analysis to discover the structure and internal governance of the liberation movement, this thesis seeks to explain the legacies that still influence the ANC today after its transition from a liberation movement into a political party. To do this the thesis used the theoretical framework of quality of government taken from Rothstein and Teorell (2008), who define it as impartiality. These legacies of the South African liberation movement are believed to have had an impact on the quality of governance of the ANC as a ruling party in post-liberation South Africa. By researching the last twenty years of ANC rule in South Africa’s post-liberation society, this thesis investigated the impartiality of government institutions in order to evaluate the quality of governance in South Africa, and thereby to discover what happens to the quality of governance when liberation movements become governments. The findings of this thesis indicate three conclusions. First, the legacies of the South African liberation movement still have a great influence on the modus operandi, the structure and the goals of the ANC today. Second, these legacies have contributed to the decline of the impartiality of government institutions, in particular through the National Democratic Revolution (NDR) project and its cadre deployment strategy, where appointments are made without the consideration of the principle of impartiality. The legacies of the South African liberation movement have thus had a negative impact on the quality of the ANC’s governance. Finally, this thesis has found that in the case of South Africa, when the ANC as liberation movement took over as the ruling party in a post-liberation society, it negatively affected the quality of governance. Further research in this field is needed in order to compare these findings with other countries that have liberation histories so as to be able to generalise about other liberation movements and to improve the quality of governance in other countries.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Bevrydingstryde en die manier waarop bevrydingsbewegings georganiseer is kan 'n blywende impak op post-bevryding samelewings laat. Hierdie studie is uitgevoer om bevrydingsbewegings as regerings na te vors en ondersoek in te stel oor hoe die kwaliteit van staatsbestuur beïnvloed word in post-bevryding samelewings wanneer bevrydingsbewegings regerings word. Die Suid-Afrikaanse bevrydingsbeweging het bygedra tot een van die mees vreedsame oorgange van mag op die Afrika-kontinent. Die stigma rondom bevrydingsbewegings het egter gelei tot die implementering van 'n studie oor die Suid-Afrikaanse bevrydingsbeweging en of die ANC as regerende party wel 'n sukses van sy staatsbestuur van Suid-Afrika gemaak het. Hierdie tesis gebruik Suid-Afrika as 'n gevallestudie om te bepaal hoe die kwaliteit van bestuur beïnvloed word wanneer bevrydingsbewegings regerings word. Hierdie tesis is gefokus op die voortslepende gevolge van die struktuur en organisasie van bevrydingsbewegings. Dit is dus 'n verkennende asook beskrywende studie waar die nalatenskappe van die Suid-Afrikaanse bevrydingsbeweging ondersoek word en waar die ANC as 'n bevrydingsbeweging staan in vergelyking met die ANC as 'n regerende party. Die gebruik van historiese ontleding om die struktuur en interne bestuur van die bevrydingsbeweging te ontdek, is in hierdie tesis gebruik om die nalatenskappe, wat vandag nog ’n invloed het op die ANC selfs ná sy oorgang van 'n bevrydingsbeweging na 'n politieke party, te verduidelik. Om dit te kan doen het die tesis gebruik gemaak van Rothstein en Teorell (2008) se teoretiese raamwerk van die gehalte van bestuur wat gedefineer word as onpartydigheid. Hierdie nalatenskappe van die Suid-Afrikaanse bevrydingsbeweging het kwansuis 'n impak op die gehalte van die staatsbestuur van die ANC as 'n regerende party in 'n post-bevryding Suid-Afrika gehad. Deur navorsing te doen oor die laaste twintig jaar van die ANC-regering in Suid-Afrika se post-bevryding gemeenskap, ondersoek hierdie tesis die onpartydigheid van staatsinstellings om sodoende die gehalte van regering in Suid-Afrika te evalueer, en om daardeur te ontdek wat word van die kwaliteit van staatsbestuur wanneer bevrydingsbewegings regerings word. Die bevindings van hierdie studie dui aan op drie gevolgtrekkings. Eerstens, die nalatenskappe van die Suid-Afrikaanse bevrydingsbeweging het vandag nog 'n groot invloed op die modus operandi, die struktuur en die doelwitte van die ANC. Tweedens, hierdie nalatenskappe het bygedra tot die agteruitgang van die onpartydigheid van staatsinstellings, in die besonder as gevolg van die Nasionale Demokratiese Revolusie (NDR) projek en sy kaderontplooiing strategie waar aanstellings gemaak is sonder om die beginsel van onpartydigheid in ag te neem. Die nalatenskappe van die Suid-Afrikaanse bevrydingsbeweging het dus 'n negatiewe impak op die gehalte van die ANC se staatsbestuur. Laastens het hierdie tesis bevind dat in die geval van Suid-Afrika, toe die ANC as bevrydingsbeweging oorgeneem het as die regerende party in 'n post-bevryding samelewing, die gehalte van bestuur negatiewelik geaffekteer is. Verdere navorsing in hierdie gebied word benodig om hierdie bevindinge met ander lande wat ’n soortgelyke geskiedenis deel te vergelyk en om sodoende te veralgemeen oor ander bevrydingsbewegings en gevolglik die kwaliteit van bestuur in ander lande te verbeter.
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Romero, Michelle. "A utilization assessment of the Texas performance measurement system /." View online, 2004. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/26/.

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Javier, Aser B. "The Constraints School of Local Governments in the Philippines: Governance to Government?" 名古屋大学大学院国際開発研究科, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14056.

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Song, KiKyung Kyung. "Strategic Scorecard for Governments." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/216604.

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Business Administration/Accounting
Ph.D.
This study draws on socio-economic accounting research and the concept of Balanced Scorecards to develop a scorecard that evaluates a government's performance. Citizens' well-being is used as a government's primary outcome suggested by utilitarianism and economics of happiness theories. Based on the development literature, human development (income, health, and education) is used as an intermediate outcome of government. Economic factors, governmental factors, national resources, and national system are used as the performance drivers. The governmental scorecard's validity is evaluated using both international and U.S. regional data. Citizens' well-being in both settings is driven only by income, not by health and education. However, health and education, along with economic factors, governmental factors, national resources, and national systems, contribute to income. Gender is also studied to determine: 1) if there are gender difference in well-being; 2) whether gender has a moderating role in the relationship between well-being and personal, social, and economic characteristics of individual; 3) whether the gender effect changes over time. The results show that gender has a different effect on the relationship between well-being and individual characteristics (i.e., race, degree obtained, working status, frequency of attending religious service, and income).
Temple University--Theses
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Talmon, Stefan. "Recognition of governments in international law with particular reference to governments in exile." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295969.

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O'Brien, James A. "Aboriginal self-government and the Canadian Constitution, creating jurisdictional space for Aboriginal governments." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq24984.pdf.

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Zhang, Cheng. "Essays on domestic market integration, government expenditure, and strategic interactions among local governments." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/40410/.

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This thesis contains one literature review chapter and three self-contained empirical studies on different but closely related topics, domestic market integration, public spending, and strategic interactions in China. In Chapter 1, we describe the general background of the Chinese fiscal reforms in the 1980s. In particular we present how the open-door policies has resulted in China’s increasing participation in the global market while at the same time its domestic market seem to still suffer from prevalent border effects and local protectionism. Besides, we outline the nature and source of this fragmentation, which stems from the fiscal and administrative decentralisation, that the fiscal reforms brought about, and the existing political system. As such the fiscal and administrative system give strong incentives for local governments to actively participate in yardstick competition, which often takes the form of the so-called ‘tournament competition‘. Chapter 2 provides a general overview of the existing literature on measuring domestic market integration (DMI). It provides the theoretical underpinnings and empirical evidence of this literature, organising DMI into three main streams of the literature, which are factor-related approach, price-related approach and output and employment-related approach. Chapter 3 adopts a spatial border difference approach and a spatial border econometric approach to estimate the provincial border effects and thus infer the degree of domestic market integration in China. By using a dataset of 48 border counties and 28 2-digit industries in the Yangtze River Delta region over the time period 2005-2009, we find that border effects are present and significant and also varying across provinces and industries. On average Shanghai shows the highest level of local protectionism with its provincial border exerting greater influences on the industry patterns compared with the other two provinces. We also observe the provincial border effects are decreasing over time, albeit over a short time period, which indicates an ongoing process of deepening market integration. Moreover, we also find that Jiangsu exhibits a higher level of border effects against Shanghai and Zhejiang than that with its all surrounding neighbours. Chapter 4 looks into the role of domestic market integration and socio-economic globalisation play in the size and structure of the public sector in China. By employing a dataset of 27 Chinese provinces for the period of 1998-2006, we find that domestic market integration has negligible effects, only showing a small positive correlation with social aspects of spending. On the other hand, the results of international integration provide some support for the ‘efficiency’ hypothesis over the ‘compensation’ view. More specifically, economic integration contributes to the overall expansion of public sector and in particular it increases productive and non-social spending, while social integration results in a reduction in total spending and social spending. Chapter 5 investigates the relationship between strategic interactions and political tournament competition in China. By using the provincial-level data for 28 Chinese provinces over the period of 1998-2005, we provide strong evidence of the spatial autocorrelation in both total spending and its components, though we fail to find evidence supporting the ‘tournament competition’. Besides, the spending level in neighbouring provinces acts as a constraining effect on a local leader’s promotion. Moreover, we found that a higher level of total spending, productive spending and education spending compared with their contiguity neighbours, and a higher level of agriculture spending compared with their GDP-related neighbours would significantly increase the promotion opportunities of provincial governors. In contrast, the level of administration spending relative to local province’s GDP-related neighbours and the level of agency spending relative to geographic-related neighbours are negatively linked with the political turnover rate of provincial governors. Chapter 6 summarises the main findings of the thesis and outline the policy implications of our findings.
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Hellberg, Ann-Sofie. "Governments in control? : the implications of governance and policy entrepreneurship in electronic government." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-43987.

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Magee, Francis D. "The British government, the last Weimar governments and the rise of Hitler, 1929 - 1933." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417340.

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Zarur, Sandra Beatriz. "From bad to good government : the case of three local governments in Ceará, Brazil." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/26871.

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Books on the topic "Governments"

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United States. Bureau of the Census. 1987 census of governments: Government finances : Finances of county governments. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1990.

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United States. Bureau of the Census. 1992 census of governments: Government finances : Finances of county governments. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census, 1997.

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United States. Bureau of the Census. 1992 census of governments: Public government : Employment of major local governments. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census, 1997.

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Chandler, J. A. Local government under the Thatcher governments. Sheffield: Pavic, 1988.

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United States. Bureau of the Census. 1992 census of governments: Government finances : Finances of municipal and township governments. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census, 1997.

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1965-, Johnson Susan, National Conference of State Legislatures., and National Congress of American Indians., eds. Government to government: Understanding state and tribal governments. Denver, Colo: National Conference of State Legislatures, 2000.

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United States. Bureau of the Census. 1987 census of governments: Government organization : Government organization. Washington, D.C: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1988.

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United States. Bureau of the Census. 1992 census of governments: Government organization : Government organization. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census, 1994.

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W, Little Joseph, Hilker Mary Anne, and University of Florida. Center for Governmental Responsibility., eds. Open government laws and Florida's local governments. Gainesville, Fla: Center for Governmental Responsibility, University of Florida-Holland Law Center, 1985.

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United States. Bureau of the Census. 1992 census of governments: Government finances : Employee-retirement systems of state and local governments. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Governments"

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Budge, Ian. "Governments." In Politics, 237–57. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429399176-16.

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Banks, Arthur S., Alan J. Day, Thomas C. Muller, and Sean M. Phelan. "Governments." In Political Handbook of the World: 1997, 1–982. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14446-4_1.

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Mortimore, Roger, and Andrew Blick. "Governments." In Butler's British Political Facts, 1–208. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56709-3_1.

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Stephany, Alex. "Governments." In The Business of Sharing, 151–81. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137376183_7.

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Rowe, Eric. "Governments." In Modern Politics, 43–53. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003412755-5.

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Nakano, Hideo. "Local Governments." In Government Deficit and Fiscal Reform in Japan, 153–67. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3528-4_9.

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Klemenčič, Manja. "Student Governments." In The International Encyclopedia of Higher Education Systems and Institutions, 2603–9. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8905-9_614.

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Klemenčič, Manja. "Student Governments." In Encyclopedia of International Higher Education Systems and Institutions, 1–6. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9553-1_614-1.

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Ott, Jan. "Corrupt Governments." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 1305–7. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_592.

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Jensen, Jane S. "Forming Governments." In Women Political Leaders, 173–89. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230616851_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Governments"

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Kaplanhan, Fatih, and Cem Korkut. "Distribution of Tax Revenue of Central Government to Local Governments: Glocalization." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01127.

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Main questions of this study are “How much autonomy?” and “Has autonomy take to feudalism?” Although the resolution of issue according to effective, efficient, rational and fair principles about the income distribution between the central administration and the municipalities is a precondition of permanent and efficient services of local governments.This study aims to identify regional goverments tasks and improve services of central governments with taxes (VAT) distirbution method. We also aim to increase taxes that are collected from regional governments with the method of glocalization. In addition, if sharing criteria was different, it would how a change between the years 2003-2011 will be investigated. During the comprehensive analysis of these years with public revenues on the basis of VAT, local government’s expenditure, criteria/data to be applied in the share of public revenues to municipalities whether changing the method financing of municipalities can make local governments more efficient and productive will be explored. In a political structure that municipalities are financed from the center, it is very difficult to find an appropriate combination between equality and justice in the distribution of income. Local governments must have privileges which is proportionate with responsibilities on own mandates and source of income for producing to serve as an effective and efficient local services. The results show that if the central governments give budget to regional government according to taxes that are collected in this region, productivity of taxation increase and regional government can collect taxes easier.
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Zheng, Lei, and Yuanfu Jiang. "Assessing e-government readiness of local governments in China." In the 5th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2072069.2072085.

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Aseinov, Dastan. "Autonomy of Local Governments in Taxation in Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c12.02382.

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The authority for taxation might be delegated to the local governments to expand their financial autonomy through increasing their revenue. This study aims to assess the financial autonomy of local governments in Kyrgyzstan in terms of tax revenues. The taxing power of local governments examined using local budget data for period of 2007-2017. We use variables as reflecting the level of taxing power. Variables measured as ratio of total local government tax revenue, different types of taxes revenue to the total revenue or to the total tax revenues. This study also looks at the legal framework for delegating taxation powers to local authorities. The results show that financial autonomy of local governments in terms of taxation is low. Local governments in Kyrgyzstan largely depends on transfers from the central government budget. According to the legal framework, the tax powers of local administrations is within narrow limits. Since increasing the financial autonomy through expanding the taxing power of local governments poses problems this needs to be solved, like a narrow tax base and inefficient tax administration in the regions. Thus, it can be argued that it is too early to transfer taxation power to local governments.
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Karović, Samed, Siniša Domazet, and Jelena Ješić. "SECURITY CHALLENGES IN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS: A CASE STUDY OF THE AUTONOMOUS PROVINCE OF VOJVODINA." In SECURITY HORIZONS. Faculty of Security- Skopje, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/icp.2.4.21.p01.

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Local self-governments in the area of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (Republic of Serbia) are facing various security challenges. The paper analyzes the challenges related to epidemics of infectious diseases and the damage caused by such events. The functioning of the local self-government in such situations requires quality organization, maximum effort of the local self-government bodies and other structures involved in providing recovery assistance. The research conducted in the local self-governments in the area of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina included a representative sample that provided an overview of the overall situation and preparedness of the local self-governments in emergency situations. The results obtained show that the local governments have limited resources and opportunities, in part a weaker organization, to be able to successfully resolve such a situation on their own. It is necessary to reorganize the entire system at the level of the local self-governments with a systematic approach and a comprehensive analysis of the protection and rescue plans, and to make assessments of the vulnerability of the local self-government to events that condition the declaration of an emergency situation. Special emphasis is placed on the necessity of qualified staff and material provision with modern means of communication and information support of the local self-government and importing a unique system of information support to the level of the autonomous province. Data on the situation in the local self-governments were collected by examination, i.e., by making a checklist. The statistical method was used in data processing and the results were presented at the level of scientific description and scientific explanation. Keywords: local self-government, emergency situation, security, law, economy
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Aderogba, A. "Challenges of Autonomy on Effective Local Government in Nigeria." In 28th iSTEAMS Multidisciplinary Research Conference AIUWA The Gambia. Society for Multidisciplinary and Advanced Research Techniques - Creative Research Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/isteams-2021/v28p18.

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The focus of this study is to examine the relationship between autonomy and effectiveness of local government in Nigeria. The administrative structure for local governance has always existed in one form or the other since colonial period. However, the poser is how autonomous are they as a unit of government and to what extent are they effective. This study relying on available secondary data, adduced that local governments have constitutional responsibilities, its autonomy is greatly eroded by other higher tier governments, and that lack of autonomy impedes its effectiveness. Way forward suggested include, constitutional reforms, limited role for both state and federal governments and financial autonomy for effectiveness. Keywords: Local government, Autonomy, Effectiveness, Efficient-service, Decentralization
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Aderogba, A. "Challenges of Autonomy on Effective Local Government in Nigeria." In 28th iSTEAMS Multidisciplinary Research Conference AIUWA The Gambia. Society for Multidisciplinary and Advanced Research Techniques - Creative Research Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/isteams-2021/v28p18x.

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The focus of this study is to examine the relationship between autonomy and effectiveness of local government in Nigeria. The administrative structure for local governance has always existed in one form or the other since colonial period. However, the poser is how autonomous are they as a unit of government and to what extent are they effective. This study relying on available secondary data, adduced that local governments have constitutional responsibilities, its autonomy is greatly eroded by other higher tier governments, and that lack of autonomy impedes its effectiveness. Way forward suggested include, constitutional reforms, limited role for both state and federal governments and financial autonomy for effectiveness. Keywords: Local government, Autonomy, Effectiveness, Efficient-service, Decentralization
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Alonaizi, Sondos Yousef, and Paul Manuel. "IoT-based smart government enablers: An exploration of governments' experiments." In 2021 Fifth World Conference on Smart Trends in Systems Security and Sustainability (WorldS4). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/worlds451998.2021.9514061.

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Daskapan, S. "Building governments in e-government: settlement of trusted e-oligarchy." In First International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES'06). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ares.2006.40.

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Hujran, Omar. "Evaluating Smart Government Maturity: Insights From Abu Dhabi Government." In 12th International Conference of Security, Privacy and Trust Management. Academy & Industry Research Collaboration Center, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2024.141115.

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The rapid advancement of smart technologies has significantly bolstered the government's capabilities for digital transformation. The integration of these technologies in various government functions is expanding, showcasing dynamic capabilities that have the potential to fully unlock the transition from digital to data-driven smart government. Despite the widespread acknowledgment of the importance of smart government services, there is a notable dearth of research in this area. Additionally, the existing e-government literature lacks a comprehensive criterion for evaluating smart government, serving as a single reference to guide governments in this transformative journey. Thus, the aim of this study is to fill these gaps in the literature. Results from this study reveal that Abu Dhabi government employs emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence, cloud computing, open-access government data, mobile applications, sensors, and social networking. The results of this paper are valuable as they included specific measures to assess smart government maturity.
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Ho Schar, Cathi. "Design in Government." In 2019 ACSA Fall Conference. ACSA Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.fall.19.16.

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Today, governments must address the demand for solutions to complex and multi-dimensional urban and regional problems, greater citizen engagement, participatory democracy, innovative leadership practices, and organizational change. According to the Observatory for Public Sector Innovation’s (OPSI) global review, “Governments and their partners are undergoing transformation to overcome unprecedented challenges and seize vast opportunities”. This need for change has opened up a new space for design and innovation in government also fueled by the “growing interest in evidence-based policy making and the application of “design thinking” to policy-making”. However most of this integration of design-thinking and design has focused a round service and information design rather than environmental design, which forces the question: What is the role of the environmental design disciplines in this transformation? This paper explores various past and emerging models of design and government partnerships to provide a context for envisioning this future role, including a new hybrid model for university and government alignment presented by the newly established University of Hawai’i Community Design Center. Finally, this paper will end with a summary of the interactive session held at the 2019 ASCA Less Talk More Action conference that asked attendees to apply this inquiry to the design of an Office of Design within their academic or governmental institutions.
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Reports on the topic "Governments"

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Gordon, Roger, and Wei Li. Provincial and Local Governments in China: Fiscal Institutions and Government Behavior. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16694.

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Moreno Sardà, A., P. Molina Rodríguez-Navas, and M. Corcoy Rius. The information published by local governments. The websites of Catalonia’s municipal governments. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2013-987en.

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Ríos, Germán, Federico Ortega, and J. Sebastián Scrofina. Sub-national Revenue Mobilization in Latin America and Caribbean Countries: The Case of Venezuela. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011403.

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This paper analyzes the high fiscal dependence of Venezuelan states and municipalities on the central government and the political economy process embedded in the interaction between the central government and sub-national entities. Also explored is whether there is scope to increase sub-national governments' revenues, improve the current intergovernmental transfer system, and reduce horizontal imbalances; of particular importance is analyzing the impact of current transfer mechanisms on sub-national governments' revenues volatility. Following a presentation of Venezuela's economic background, public sector and fiscal variables, the paper describes the process of decentralization, inter-governmental transfer mechanisms and revenue volatility, and local governments' own revenues. Subsequently presented are sub-national governments' fiscal dependence and its determinants, followed by options for revenue mobilization and improving the transfer mechanism. The paper concludes with a summary and policy recommendations.
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Ohemeng, Frank, and Fariya Mohiuddin. The Enigma of the Central–Local Government Relationship and Its Impact on Property Tax Administration in Developing Countries: The Ghanaian Perspective. Institute of Development Studies, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.018.

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Property tax administration is the bedrock for effective revenue mobilisation, development, and good local governance for local governments. Yet administering property taxation continues to be a major problem, especially for many developing countries. Scholarly explanations for this poor state of affairs have focused on limited capacity, poor quality local cadastres, corruption, and local political resistance to effective property tax administration, among others. This paper moves away from these explanations to focus on a less trodden area: the relationship between central and local government and how this relationship affects property tax administration. Property tax administration involves some collaboration and overlap between different levels of government, and thus depends very much on a good and functional relationship between both levels of government, especially when local governments derive their authorities from the largesse of central governments. This relationship may have powerful implications for the ability of local governments to effectively undertake property tax administration due to the central government’s policies and politics. Using Ghana as a case study, the paper illustrates how a dysfunctional relationship between central and local governments has undermined, and continues to undermine, effective property tax administration in the country, which should serve as a lesson for other developing countries.
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Grossman, Gene, and Elhanan Helpman. Intergenerational Redistribution with Short-Lived Governments. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5447.

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Acemoglu, Daron, Michael Kremer, and Atif Mian. Incentives in Markets, Firms and Governments. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9802.

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Poterba, James, and Julio Rotemberg. Inflation And Taxation With Optimizing Governments. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2567.

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Wibawa, Tasha. Special Report: Governments in the red. Monash University, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/8c29-56a7.

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Rusco, E. R. Native Americans and state and local governments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/140784.

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Alesina, Alberto, and Beatrice Weder. Do Corrupt Governments Receive Less Foreign Aid? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7108.

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