Academic literature on the topic 'Government school system'
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Journal articles on the topic "Government school system"
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Wang, Samuel C. "Project Hope and the Hope School System in China." education policy analysis archives 7 (September 7, 1999): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v7n28.1999.
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I investigate the creation, development, contributions and limits of Project Hope, a huge government-endorsed education project seeking non-governmental contributions to overcome educational inadequacy in poverty-stricken rural communities in transitional China. By reexamining the composition of sponsored students, the locations of Hope Primary Schools and non-educational orientations for building and expanding schools, I argue that Project Hope and its Hope School system have not contributed to educational access, equality, equity, efficiency and quality as it should have. Poverty-reduction-oriented curriculum requirements in Hope Primary Schools are theoretically misleading and realistically problematic.
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are, Am S., Yirg T. alem, Tesfam T. aryam, Sami A. rawit, Dagi G. mawit, MenteT sinot, and T. Pri nce. "Centralized School Management System for Government Schools in Ethiopia using Distributed Database." International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 60, no. 2 (June 25, 2018): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v60p213.
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Khoiruddin, Hafid, Bayu Triharyanto, Erwin Kristian Putra, and M. Ainul Yaqin. "Arsitektur Sistem Informasi Sekolah." Jurasik (Jurnal Riset Sistem Informasi dan Teknik Informatika) 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30645/jurasik.v5i1.169.
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The design of school information systems enterprise architecture is carried out to find detailed information about school activities based on government regulatory standards. So that the existing information system in the school business is in accordance with the existing standards of the government and there will be no errors in school activities later, a research is carried out that implements TOGAF ADM as a method in building the architecture of school information systems enterprise. Then the results obtained by business architecture include PSB (Acceptance of New Students), PA (Academic Process), PS (Release of Students), MTU (Management of Administration), MSP (Management of Facilities and Infrastructure), LAB (Laboratory), and the acquisition of architecture data, application architecture and technology architecture. So it can be concluded that the TOGAF ADM Method was successfully implemented in the School Information System Architecture and the School Information System Architecture can be used as a guide in the development and development of information systems in terms of data and information management in schools.
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Zafar, Sumaira, Maha Qaisar, Zainab Sohail, and Arjumand Zaidi. "Development of Government Schools in Orangi Town, Karachi." Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology 2, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.24273/jgeet.2017.2.4.348.
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The primary school system in Pakistan needs improvement in order to provide the basic right of education to all. Government schools are not enough to cater the needs of increasing population of the country. The main goal of this study was to present a methodology for the development of government schools based on geographical information system (GIS) through a case study of Orangi Town in Karachi. In this study, first the adequacy of government schools in the study area was evaluated and then the need for additional schools with their suitable locations were identified. Data regarding school locations and students enrollments were collected from Sindh Basic Education Program of a non-profit NGO iMMAP. School building footprints were digitized from 2001 and 2013 Google Earth archived images. Population in 2013 was estimated by projecting 1998 census data downloaded from the website of the Census Bureau of Pakistan. An educated assumption of 20 % of the total population of Orangi Town was used to calculate number of primary school-aged children. Study results showed that schools existed in 2013 were not sufficient to serve all these children. This study also revealed that new schools were built during this time period, but the population growth rate was much higher than the growth rate of schools that created a big supply-demand gap. The most progressive Union Council (UC) of Orangi Town was Haryana Colony where 17 new schools were constructed between 2001 and 2013 though the required number of schools still fall short. New sites for schools were also proposed to optimally serve Orangi Town’s residents using GIS proximity analysis.
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FA, Ehiaghe. "THE CONTRIBUTION OF GOVERNMENT AND NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION SUPPORT FOR EDUCATION IN BENIN CITY, NIGERIA." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 3, no. 2 (March 28, 2014): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v3i2.3109.
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This study was aimed at identifying and examining the various supports for secondary school education by the government and NGOs in Benin City. Out of the fifteen (15) experiencing government refurbishment in Edo State, 4 are in Benin metropolis and all 4 were sampled. 40 questionnaires were administered (10 for each school). The results of the investigation carried out using percentage distribution and Chi Square Testing. The contributions of both Government and NGO were responsible for the positive improvement in the educational system in Benin City and in Nigeria since independence, although NGO support have not really been significant. The Planning, Research and Statistic Department of Post Primary Education Board and that of the Ministry of Education in the state should carry out the actual counting of schools and their staffs as well as students in the school so that they can be suitably used for planning.
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Naijan, Naijan. "Kurikulum Pendidikan Sejarah di India." Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah 4, no. 1 (August 18, 2017): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jps.041.07.
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Schooling educational system in India uses system 5-3-2-2 in level, Lower Primary School for 5 years(class I-V), Upper Primary School for 3 years (classs VI-VIII), Secondary School 2 for years (class IXX),Higher Secondary School for 2 years (class XI-XII). Educational Curriculum ruled by a nationalcurriculum named National Curriculum Framework 2005 produced by National Council of EducationalResearch and Training (NCERT). NCERT is a governmental institution which hold education in India.NCERT is an institution belongs to Human Resource Development Ministry. Relating to the historysubject in the Indian Schools, the government puts it as an important subject, mainly for increasing thestudent’s nationalisme attitude. For this reason, the government makes the history as a compulsry subjecfor all level of school education in India, particularly the National History for class I - XII. Meanwhilethe World History taught only from class I until class X only.
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Shambaugh, David. "Training China's Political Elite: The Party School System." China Quarterly 196 (December 2008): 827–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741008001148.
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AbstractOne of the most important, but under-researched and least well understood, instruments of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is the extensive national network of Party schools (approximately 2,700). They serve as the key institution of mid-career training and indoctrination for all Party cadres, many government cadres, some military officers and selected businessmen. In addition to its training and indoctrination functions, the Party school system (particularly the Central Party School in Beijing) is also an important generator of policy initiatives. Not all Party schools are stalwart institutions, with some being involved in corruption scandals, but on the whole they have come to play an increasingly important role in the CCP's rebuilding efforts in recent years.
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Siraj, Siraj, Sayni Nasrah, and Trisfayani Trisfayani. "The System Approach in the Perspective of Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System." International Journal for Educational and Vocational Studies 1, no. 1 (May 7, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/ijevs.v1i1.1465.
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In the context of implementing decentralization in the education sector, there are many problems that arise, because the implementation of decentralization of education is different from the decentralization of other areas of government which is basically concentrated at the district and city level. Decentralization of education has not only stalled at the district and city level but even more so that it reaches the school level. The existence of autonomy in the management of education is a potential for schools to improve the performance of personnel, offer direct participation from relevant parties, and increase public understanding of the implementation of education in schools. Decentralization of education has encouraged the improvement of services in the field of education to the community, which leads to efforts to improve the quality of education management at the lowest level, namely schools through the implementation of School-Based Management. The implementation of School-Based Management in general is to empower or empower schools through giving authority to schools, giving schools greater flexibility to manage school resources, and encouraging the participation of school members and communities to improve the quality of education.
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McGuinn, Patrick. "Swing Issues and Policy Regimes: Federal Education Policy and the Politics of Policy Change." Journal of Policy History 18, no. 2 (April 2006): 205–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jph.2006.0005.
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Political scientists have long debated the nature of the American political system, particularly the degree to which the federal government is amenable to major policy initiation and reform. There are two basic schools of thought on this question. One school—which I will call the stasis school—argues that the system is highly resistant to major change. The other school of policymaking—which I will call the dynamic school—emphasizes the openness and responsiveness of America's political system and the relative ease of generating reform at the national level. While the stasis and dynamic schools are helpful in explaining systemic tendencies and the influence of particular forces on the policy process, they are less useful in illuminating the evolution of governmental policymaking in a single issue area over time.
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Mihalik, Jaroslav, and Daniel Klimovský. "Decentralization of Educational System and its Impact on Local Self-Government in Slovakia." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 12, no. 3 (July 9, 2014): 467–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/12.3.467-480(2014).
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The decentralization of the state public administration was announced in spite of the EU integration process as well as the reform of the state public administration that proved the necessity of transforming and transferring the competences and finances to the subnational levels of governance. From this principle, among others, the regional and municipal administration of education sector evolved in Slovakia. This article aims to study the decentralization development with the particular impact on local self-government and regional school system. The authors argue about the potential threats of school decentralization and challenges that the system of regional and municipal schools brings.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Government school system"
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Liu, Pak-lin. "An evaluative study of the performance appraisal system in government secondary schools." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17596671.
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Rizvi, Meher. "The relationships between school reforms and teacher professionalism in government primary schools in Karachi, Pakistan." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15955/.
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The government primary education system in Karachi, Pakistan, is faced with many problems and dilemmas and each dilemma justifies a reason, but perhaps no problem is as grave as the dejected professional status of the government primary school teachers in Karachi. Schools are only as good as their teachers, regardless of how high their standards, how up-to-date their technology, or how innovative their programs. With a large numbers of under-educated, under-trained, under-paid and, most importantly of all, undervalued government primary school teachers in Karachi, Pakistan (Hoodbhoy, 1998; Shaikh, 1997), only a low percentage of teachers can be effective. Whether the children in Pakistan will be the enlightened and the informed citizens of tomorrow or ignorant members of society will depend on teacher knowledge, teacher education and above all teacher professionalism. If teachers do matter the most, then a series of questions result. What is being done for this section of the society that matters so much? Are efforts being taken to find out what teachers in the government primary schools need to achieve their professional goals? Are these teachers given adequate opportunities to learn, to improve and to become effective teachers? How can these teachers meet the ever increasing demands placed upon them? How will these teachers successfully lead the students into the twenty-first century? Do the primary government school teachers believe that they can successfully lead children into the twenty-first century? Are school reforms geared towards enhancing teachers' professionalism? This research that focuses on the relationships between school reforms and teacher professionalism in government primary schools in Karachi, Pakistan, addresses such questions. In this thesis, I outline some of the measures that have been taken at the government, at the non-government and at the school sector level to restructure and reform primary government schools in Pakistan. A mixed methods research approach was undertaken to investigate the relationships between these reforms and teacher professionalism. Quantitative data were collected by means of questionnaire surveys and qualitative data were collected in the selected four case sites by means of interviews and field notes. In this research it was important to investigate teacher efficacy, teacher practice, teacher leadership and collaborative efforts as the different dimensions of professionalism and the relationships between these and the school reforms for enhanced teacher professionalism. Research was required which addressed the question of "What it actually means to be a professional teacher in government primary schools in Karachi, Pakistan, and how school reforms can actually develop teacher learning for improved teacher professionalism?" Contrary to the detached and noncommittal attitude with which the government primary school teachers are characterized in many contexts, the teachers in this study have indicated that they are confident and capable; they can articulate and communicate ideas; they can make decisions and undertake responsibilities; they understand that it is important to collaborate and learn from one another; and they are willing to undertake leadership roles if they have the opportunities. This has strong implications for policy makers to provide teachers with the opportunities to become active and reflective professionals. It is important to regard teachers as change agents capable of generating knowledge and of making change happen, rather than as passive recipients and users of knowledge. The data provided by the teachers have indicated that it is possible to enhance teacher professionalism within the existing government primary school structures. While the different teachers were at different levels or stages of professionalism, it was quite clear that they had all advanced in terms of their professionalism as a consequence of reform initiatives. These changes in the teachers' levels of professionalism defined the relationships between the school reforms and teacher professionalism. In other words, the school reforms have been able to develop teacher professionalism and take it to a higher level than where it was when the reforms were initiated in the schools. Based on the analysis of the findings, this research theorizes that teacher professionalism is developed when teachers are provided with both the professional knowledge and skills to improve their capabilities, and opportunities to translate professional knowledge and skills into classroom and school activities to make the most of their capabilities. The research proposes that the strength of these relationships between school reforms and teacher professionalism depends on the dynamism with which the reform managers take teachers through the stage of involving them in developmental process, the stage of initiating professional development programmes and the stage of developing schools into collaborative cultures and establishing networks with the help of enlightened principals and hybrid support structures. Based on this proposition a number of principles have been identified for sustaining and further developing teacher professionalism. The study acknowledges that the process of developing teacher professionalism is complex and that it will be the blend of different elements in the schools, the particular school context and political will that will decide how professionalism can best be fostered in the government primary schools. However, since the principles derived from this research are based on grounded research findings and are also supported by literature and other relevant research in the area of teacher development, they may be applicable to other primary schools where similar reforms are being implemented in Pakistan and other developing countries seeking to address similar problems. Policy makers and large private organizations may benefit from the principles of developing and fostering teacher professionalism.
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Liu, Pak-lin, and 廖柏年. "An evaluative study of the performance appraisal system in government secondary schools." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31959027.
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Faulkner, Michael, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Vision and rationalisation : A study of the school psychology profession within the Victorian Government school system." Deakin University. School of Education, 1992. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050719.083810.
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Since its origins in the 19th century, modern schooling has been a continuously contested domain within nation states. Underlying this contestation dynamic lie competing value systems about the social purpose of education; competing values around which are generated different discourses, and which in turn generate inherently contradictory social and organisational structures. As reflected in other areas of society, the 20th century expansion of state-provided schooling has essentially developed around variations of a bureaucratic model Thus, organisational cultures based around bureaucratic values have come to permeate the enterprise of schooling on a world wide scale. Concomitantly, the value for education to be fundamentally associated with human emancipation from psychological, social, political, or economic states of being, persists as a recurring theme in modern schooling. Premised on these understandings, the thesis argues that the development of the practices of school psychology as a profession, like education in general, and special education in particular, has similarly been influenced by tensions between different and competing constellations of values. It is argued that throughout the 20th century, the pervasiveness of formal schooling systems suggest that schooling may be understood as a modernist cultural archetype. As a socially constructed reality, the phenomenon of schooling has become unproblematic the apparent cultural inevitability of formal schooling in the modern era can also be understood as a premise of a systemised way of looking at the world; that of bureaucratic consciousness. Dialectically, bureaucratic consciousness persists in influencing every manifestation of schooling; structurally through its organisational forms, and epistemologically through the institutionalization of teaching and learning. A particular illustration of the dialectical relationship between bureaucratic consciousness and the social forms and social practices of schooling is the school psychology profession which has developed as a part of school systems. The thesis argues that the epistemic archeology of psychology as a knowledge discipline can be traced through an earlier European intellectual and cultural tradition, but in the 20th century, has come to develop a symbiotic yet contradictory relationship with compulsory schooling in the modern nation state. The research study employs historical and fieldwork methods in a study of the development of the school psychology services within the Victorian Education Department, particularly between 1947 and 1987. The thesis also draws upon several usually distinct literatures; the philosophical and theoretical discourse of modernity and post modernity, the history and development of modern schooling, the ethnography of schooling, the international comparative literature on the school psychology profession, and the literature on action research in education practice and curriculum development, As a case study of Victorian school psychology, the research eschews a quantitative statistical approach in favour of qualitative investigatory genres, which have in turn been guided by the values of action research in education, as well as those of critical theory. The important focus of the thesis is its investigation of some aspects of the development and transformations within the Victorian state education bureaucracy, and the dialectical relationship that has persisted between the evolution of change processes and the shifting conceptions of school psychology practices in the 20th century. A history of the organisational development of school psychology services in Victoria constitutes an important part of the thesis. This is complemented by specific illustrations of how some school psychologists have been influenced by and have contributed towards paradigm shifts within the profession, shifts relating to how the changing nature of their work practices have come to be understood and valued by teachers and by school administrators. The work of J. R. MacLeod from the 1950s is noted in this regard. Particular attention is also drawn to the dialectical relationship between bureaucratic consciousness and school psychology's professional orientation in the 1980s. As a means of providing field data to explore this relationship, ethnographic case studies with two school communities are included as part of the fieldwork of the thesis, and are based upon the author's own work in the mid 1980s. These case studies provide a basis for conceptually refraining the school psychologist's professional experience within schooling systems, and an opportunity to examine how competing value systems impact upon the work of the school psychologist. The thesis concludes with some observations about bureaucratic transformations within educational organisations, and about the future relationship of the school psychology profession with schooling systems, as framed by the theoretical parameters of the modernist /post modernist debate. The issue of competing value systems within the administration of public education is re-examined as is the value of promoting human empowerment in the ongoing work of the school psychologist. Finally, some scenario building with reference to the future of school psychology in Victoria in is undertaken.
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Ho, Ming-yan, and 何銘恩. "A critical analysis of the primary one admission system in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36449441.
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Man, Ngar-man Carmen, and 萬雅雯. "A review on the education voucher system for pre-primary school in HK." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3865264X.
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Campbell, Carol. "'Scottishness', 'Partnership' and 'Efficiency' : exploring devolved school management and local government reorganisation within the local education system." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1999. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23747.
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This thesis explores the reorganisation of schools and education authorities in Scotland. National implementation of Devolved School Management (DSM) began in 1994. Two years later, Local Government Reorganisation (Reorganisation) occurred. Each policy signified a reorganisation of the education system. The thesis argues the need to consider the combination of DSM and Reorganisation in policy and practice, particularly for the roles and relationships of schools and education authorities. Therefore, the initiation, interpretation and implementation of DSM and Reorganisation over time and across 25 schools and 11 education authorities are researched. There is no previous research on this specific area of inquiry. Hence, the thesis is exploratory. The thesis develops debate about research and analyses of education policy. Influenced by and seeking to develop policy sociology, the method is qualitative. DSM and Reorganisation are interpreted within their historical, political, cultural, social, economic and institutional contexts. The need to explore issues of and linkages between structure and agency is debated. Consideration of discourse is developed to explore the nature of policies, perceptions of persons involved, the linkages to previous developments and the discursively articulated influence of structure and agency. It is suggested three central discourses characterise Scottish education policy. 'Scottishness' posits the distinctive, collective and egalitarian nature of Scottish education. The post-war 'Partnership' advocates a 'national system, locally administered' promoting 'equality of opportunity'. Both discourses have been challenged since the 1970s by an economic discourse of 'Efficiency' valuing market forces and managerialism. The thesis explores the developing and dynamic discourses and the perceptions and practices of policies at school and education authority levels. The perception and promotion of a 'Scottish dimension' within a British state and arguably global reorganisation of education indicates the complex inter-relationships between structure and agency, as articulated in discourses and affecting developing policies such as DSM and Reorganisation.
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Thompson, Nicole. "Square pegs in round holes? : understanding expatriate teachers' lives in the government secondary school system of Grand Cayman from 2005 to 2011." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15580/.
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In the Cayman Islands the majority of government teachers are expatriate. This research study examines the experiences of nine expatriate teachers in the two government secondary schools in Grand Cayman. A case study approach was used with the bounded time from 2005, the year after Hurricane Ivan, to 2011, the second year of the transformation of the government secondary school system in Grand Cayman. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight participants from Caribbean and non-Caribbean nationalities. As an insider, being both an expatriate teacher and working in the government secondary school system in Grand Cayman, my autobiographical account was included in the data collected. The research study examined the reasons given for migration by these teachers as well as their recruitment and orientation into their Caymanian teaching experience. The accounts described, analysed and focused on how they adjusted professionally and personally to the new experiences. A year later a further interview was conducted with each available participant to gather what changes had occurred in their circumstances and the way they viewed their international posting. Push and pull factors such as finances, weather, seeing more of the world, lack of crime, improved family life were all described as important to varying degrees by the participants. An important feature that was recognized was the influence and support offered by having a confidant such as a spouse or close friend/roommate during the adjustment to the new environment. With this in place, there was less of a dependence on the wider community or diaspora. Also viewed as key was the need for the provision of accurate information about the society, the school and the curriculum before the teacher arrived on the island. This study recognises the potential for further research into the views of home country nationals and the impact of migratory practices on small island developing states in a globalised society.
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Seaton, Hugh Van. "The Financial Implications and Organizational Cultural Perceptions of Implementing a Performance Management System in a Government Enterprise." UNF Digital Commons, 2007. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/23.
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Successful organizations continually seek ways to improve productivity, reduce and control costs, and increase efficiency. Governmental entities also are driven by the need for increased efficiency and accountability in public service for their constituents.There is a continuing need for better tools and a number of government entities have turned to performance management systems due to their promise of improvement in various areas of productivity and accountability. This research focused on one such system, Six Sigma, which has recently experienced widespread adoption in industry in the United States, internationally, and in some government organizations. In this study Six Sigma was compared and contrasted with several performance management systems, and its effects and organizational cultural impacts on one organization were examined.The study investigated the financial implications and perceptions of organizational cultural change resulting from the Six Sigma system implementation in a large government enterprise. The first part of the study used the organization’s published financial information from 1997 through 2006 to determine whether there was a tangible financial benefit of implementing Six Sigma. The analysis indicated that the financial implications were statistically significant and quantified them as material and relevant to the organization’s two major business units.The second component of the research explored differences in organizational culture and attitudes among and between selected employee groups through the use of interviews and a survey instrument. Interviews were also conducted with a purposive sample of the executives who were involved in the decisions to implement Six Sigma. The Organizational Culture Inventory© and Organizational Effectiveness Inventory™ survey instruments were used to measure the organizational culture perceptions of the employee groups. Discriminant function analysis results suggested that the various groups shared a common organizational culture, which supports the null hypothesis that there were no differences in the organizational cultural perceptions among the organizational groups investigated.
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Moatlhaping, Segametsi Oreeditse S. "The role of indigenous governance system(s) in sustainable development : case of Moshupa Village, Botswana /." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/443.
Full textBooks on the topic "Government school system"
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Connecticut. General Assembly. Legislative Program Review and Investigations Committee. Connecticut's public school finance system. Hartford, CT: The Committee, 2002.
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Singhal, R. P. School inspection system: A modern approach. New Delhi: Vikas, 1986.
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Singhal, R. P. School inspection system: A modern approach. New Delhi, India: Vikas Publishing House, 1986.
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Milloy, John Sheridan. A national crime: The Canadian government and the residential school system, 1879 to 1986. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press, 1999.
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Majumdar, Manabi. Classes for the masses?: Social ambition, social distance, and quality of the government school system. Chennai: Madras Institute of Development Studies, 2000.
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New Jersey. Legislature. Joint Education Committee. The legislative hearing on public school funding: The impact of educational funding reform on the Newark school system. Trenton, N.J: The Committee, 1996.
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University of the State of New York. Board of Regents. Leveraging change: Building a state aid system to support school reform : the Regents 1994-95 proposal on state aid to schools : a detailed proposal. [New York: State Education Dept., 1994.
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Commission, Virginia General Assembly Joint Legislative Audit &. Review. Local government and school division consolidation. Richmond, Virginia: Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission, 2014.
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Great expectations: Assessments, assurances, and accountability in the mayor's proposal to reform the District of Columbia's public school system : hearing before the Oversight of Government Management, the Federal Workforce, and the District of Columbia Subcommittee of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, July 19, 2007. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2008.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management, the Federal Workforce, and the District of Columbia. Great expectations: Assessments, assurances, and accountability in the mayor's proposal to reform the District of Columbia's public school system : hearing before the Oversight of Government Management, the Federal Workforce, and the District of Columbia Subcommittee of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, July 19, 2007. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Government school system"
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Thomson, Sue. "Australia: PISA Australia—Excellence and Equity?" In Improving a Country’s Education, 25–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59031-4_2.
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AbstractAustralia’s education system reflects its history of federalism. State and territory governments are responsible for administering education within their jurisdiction and across the sector comprising government (public), Catholic systemic and other independent schooling systems. They collaborate on education policy with the federal government. Over the past two decades the federal government has taken a greater role in funding across the education sector, and as a result of this involvement and the priorities of federal governments of the day, Australia now has one of the highest rates of non-government schooling in the OECD. Funding equity across the sectors has become a prominent issue. Concerns have been compounded by evidence of declining student performance since Australia’s initial participation in PISA in 2000, and the increasing gap between our high achievers and low achievers. This chapter explores Australia’s PISA 2018 results and what they reveal about the impact of socioeconomic level on student achievement. It also considers the role of school funding and the need to direct support to those schools that are attempting to educate the greater proportion of an increasingly diverse student population including students facing multiple layers of disadvantage.
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Boyd, Taylor. "Education Reform in Ontario: Building Capacity Through Collaboration." In Implementing Deeper Learning and 21st Education Reforms, 39–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57039-2_2.
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Abstract The education system of the province of Ontario, Canada ranks among the best in the world and has been touted as a model of excellence for other countries seeking to improve their education system. In a system-wide reform, leaders used a political and professional perspective to improve student performance on basic academic skills. The school system rose to renown after this reform which moved Ontario from a “good” system in 2000 to a “great” one between 2003 and 2010 (Mourshed M, Chijioke C, Barber M. How the world’s most improved school systems keep getting better, a report McKinsey & Company. Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/social-sector/our-insights/how-the-worlds-most-improved-school-systems-keep-getting-better, (2010)). Premier Dalton McGuinty arrived in office in 2003 with education as his priority and was dubbed the “Education Premier” because of this mandate. His plan for reform had two primary goals: to improve student literacy and numeracy, and to increase secondary school graduation rates. McGuinty also wanted to rebuild public trust that had been damaged under the previous administration. The essential element of Ontario’s approach to education reform was allowing educators to develop their own plans for improvement. Giving responsibility and freedom to educators was critical in improving professional norms and accountability among teachers (Mourshed M, Chijioke C, Barber M. How the world’s most improved school systems keep getting better, a report McKinsey & Company. Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/social-sector/our-insights/how-the-worlds-most-improved-school-systems-keep-getting-better, (2010)) and the sustained political leadership throughout the entire reform concluding in 2013 provided an extended trajectory for implementing and adjusting learning initiatives. The Ministry of Education’s Student Achievement Division, which was responsible for designing and implementing strategies for student success, took a flexible “learning as we go” attitude in which the reform strategy adapted and improved over time (Directions Evidence and Policy Research Group. The Ontario student achievement division student success strategy evidence of improvement study. Retrieved from http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/research/EvidenceOfImprovementStudy.pdf, (2014)). This chapter will discuss influences on the reform design and key components of strategies to support student and teacher development and build a relationship of accountability and trust among teachers, the government and the public. The successes and shortcomings of this reform will be discussed in the context of their role in creating a foundation for the province’s next steps towards fostering twenty-first century competencies in classrooms.
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Fomiškina, Jeļena, Eve Woogen, Ama Peiris, Somaia Abdulrazzak, and Emma Cameron. "Nurturing Every Learner’s Potential: Education Reform in Kenya." In Implementing Deeper Learning and 21st Education Reforms, 129–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57039-2_6.
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Abstract In Kenya, a broad education reform was implemented after recognizing that the current system was not aligned with the country’s vision of producing globally competitive learners with competencies for the twenty-first century. The implementation process began with a pilot in 2017 and is planned to continue through 2028. In addition to the introduction of a competency-based curriculum, key components of the reform are a commitment to achieving a 100% transition from primary to secondary school by eliminating exam-based barriers to transition and a provision of a wide range of pathways for students to follow. Under the vision of “Nurturing Every Learner’s Potential”, the reform is grounded in the idea that learning should be active and individualized rather than teacher-centric and that schools – including secondary schools – are a place for developing a wide range of competencies and behaviors in addition to the traditional academic skills. In doing so, the government of Kenya seeks to reframe deeply-held cultural perspectives on education’s purpose and content. Such cultural shifts will require significant outreach and training efforts to achieve the buy-in from both families and teachers, and at this stage, it remains to be seen whether these efforts will succeed.
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Lawson, Hal A., and Dolf van Veen. "The New Design as a Catalyst for Systems Change: Forging New Relationships with Universities and Governments." In Developing Community Schools, Community Learning Centers, Extended-service Schools and Multi-service Schools, 407–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25664-1_15.
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Jakubowski, Maciej. "Poland: Polish Education Reforms and Evidence from International Assessments." In Improving a Country’s Education, 137–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59031-4_7.
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AbstractOver the last two decades, the Polish education system has been reformed several times, with the comprehensive structural reform in 1999, curriculum and evaluation reform in 2007, and early education reform introduced gradually until 2014. Student outcomes, as documented by PISA, but also other international assessments, largely improved over the last 20 years. Poland moved from below the OECD average to a group of top-performing countries in Europe. This chapter describes the reforms and research on their effects. It also discusses how it was possible to find political support for the reversal of changes that seemed to be highly successful. It provides three lessons from the Polish experience. First, the evidence should be widely disseminated among all stakeholders to sustain reforms. Second, the sole reliance on international studies is not sufficient. Additional investment into secondary analyses and national studies is necessary to develop evidence for better-informed political discussions. Third, some positive changes are more difficult to reverse. In Poland, increased school autonomy, but also external examinations, broader access to preschool and higher education, are among the changes that the new government could not alter.
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Lingard, Bob. "The Global Education Industry, Data Infrastructures, and the Restructuring of Government School Systems." In Researching the Global Education Industry, 135–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04236-3_7.
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Kim, Hyejin. "Government Policies and the Shifting Place of International Schools in the Education System." In How Global Capital is Remaking International Education, 43–56. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9672-5_4.
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Pei, Lei, and Qiping Zhang. "“Core” Components in HCI Syllabi: Based on the Practice of CS and LIS Schools in North America." In HCI in Business, Government, and Organizations: Information Systems, 196–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39399-5_19.
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McCall, Theo D. "Positive Spirituality." In The Palgrave Handbook of Positive Education, 581–608. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64537-3_23.
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AbstractPositive spirituality is about acknowledging the personal spiritual growth that can occur through the use of some techniques from positive psychology. Contemporary educational philosophy within secular government educational departments rarely, if ever, addresses the notion of a spiritual life within educational institutions. Religious schools, on the other hand, usually include prayer and spirituality at the foundation of their educational aims. There is a clear disconnection between the two systems in this respect. Positive spirituality potentially provides a bridge between these two systems, bringing a focus on a broad notion of spirituality to otherwise secular government/public systems, and scientifically validated approaches to potentially narrowly focused religious schools. For instance, meditative techniques, relaxation, and physical stillness can help bring spiritual awareness to the fore, and in the process highlight a connection to something larger than oneself—the very goal of all mystics and a noble educational objective as teachers strive to inspire a greater sense of meaning and purpose in their students.
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"4. Towards a Government School System." In Schooling and Scholars in Nineteenth-Century Ontario. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442679627-007.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Government school system"
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Pandin, Moses Glorino Rumambo, and Sri Rahayuningsih. "The Impact of Government Bureaucracy System Change towards Staff Anxiety." In 2nd International Conference Postgraduate School. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007537500650069.
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Guy Andrade, Guilherme, Geovana Silva, Francisco Duarte Júnior, Giovanni Santos, Fábio Lopes de Mendonça, and Rafael Sousa Júnior. "EvaTalk: A Chatbot System for the Brazilian Government Virtual School." In 22nd International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009418605560562.
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M. Abu-Samaha, Ala, and Rima Shishakly. "Assessment of School Information System Utilization in the UAE Primary Schools." In InSITE 2008: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3260.
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This paper presents an assessment of School Information Systems (SIS) Utilization in the United Arab Emirates’ (UAE) primary schools through a holistic descriptive approach that involves explaining, studying and analyzing the current technical status of the schools’ SIS. To do so, the researchers used a series of case studies (documents analysis, questionnaires and interviews) of a number of primary schools representing the educational zones of the UAE to acquire an understanding of SIS level of utilization. According to the research results, the majority of primary schools have computerized their administrative activities at different levels via the Ministry of Education’s suggested system or individually procured systems. Though, the use of Information and Communication Technologies, including SIS, is in its initial stage despite the adopted strategy by the UAE government to accelerate the effective utilization of educational management and automation technologies in the educational institutions and the Ministry of Education itself.
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Strang, Carl, and Ira Goldstein. "Design and implementation of a public school government-to-employee system." In the 6th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2463728.2463795.
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Adonis, Tracey-Ann, and Shaheed Hartley. "Enhancing learning environments through partnerships in an attempt to facilitate school effectiveness." In Fifth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head19.2019.9132.
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South Africa (SA) is a developing country struggling to address educational transformation inherited from a previous apartheid regime and created by the current democratic government. Education is an area which is struggling within a SA context. Many schools in disadvantaged communities are faced with inadequate infrastructure and lack of resources yet the expectation is for schools to show evidence of effectiveness irrespective of these challenges. This context prompted an investigation into the development of the school learning environment utilising a participatory action research design at a disadvantaged primary school in the Western Cape, SA. The major findings included that the school learning environment was influenced by the unique challenges and pressures in the school context; that collaborative efforts between stakeholders contribute to school effectiveness irrespective of context through acknowledging the school as an organisational system which requires the principal, educators, parents and community to effectively collaborate through open channels of communication in order to facilitate optimal teaching and learning environments which contribute to school effectiveness. The community component in the school learning environment needed to be acknowledged as the validation of the experiences of educators, learners, parents, principal and community is important in the South African context.
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Pavicic, Jurica. "School Principals as Jugglers." In 2nd International Conference on Advanced Research in Education. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/2nd.educationconf.2019.11.799.
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At daily basis school principals need to balance between needs and wishes of different stakeholders. As the most important stakeholder stands out pupils from which is expected to perform at high level all the time. Another very important stakeholders are teachers which (often) are not motivated enough (financially, emotionally, socially) to give the best in the classrooms. Also, there are parents which expect that their children are exposed to best knowledge; government who expect that school system in general is at internationally competitive level; and also, companies who wishes to have people / labor force who know what to do when faced with problems. To be able to satisfied all parties involved, school principals need to juggle between them and at the same time ensure that school, as an organization, is function immaculately. Our paper focus on school principals and how marketing and management knowledge can help in juggling between the stakeholders. Context of our paper is Croatia – country that had good primary and secondary school systems but by entering EU and exposing to different kind of practice and demands, needed to adopt them. In that new environment business, and especially marketing and management knowledge, become crucial for school principals.
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Tahtamouni, Suha Fayed, Shinda Mohammad, Lina Said Zukari, Momena Khader Tayeh, and Hissa Sadiq. "The effect of teaching science and mathematics in Arabic on the level of students' performance in Qatari schools." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0269.
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The interest in education is the cornerstone of the civilized growth of the State of Qatar, because of its great impact on preparing the human resources that the nation needs for its progress in various fields, in order to achieve the Qatar National Vision 2030. In 2003, the State of Qatar launched an ambitious initiative to develop public education known as “Education for a New Era”. A bilingual system that started with teaching Math and Science subjects, so that both Arabic and English are used in the educational process, followed by a decision to teach the two subjects in Arabic in all government schools. Therefore, this research aims to focus on the performance in government schools in the country, which shows the rates of student achievement in specific educational stages and in specific subjects, where the improvement of achievement in government school students in basic subjects (Arabic, English, Mathematics and Science) in the three educational stages, is considered to be one of the objectives of the Ministry of Education and Higher Education to realize the Qatar National Vision 2030, and accordingly the Ministry of Education and Higher Education sets and develops many strategies, procedures and decisions with the aim of achieving this goal.
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Xu, Yueqian, and Xiaodong Zheng. "Research and design of e-government teaching system in higher education institution: An example of e-government experiment course in school of public administration of Zhejiang Gongshang University." In 2011 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebeg.2011.5882629.
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Hollingsworth, Hilary, Jonathan Heard, Anthony Hockey, and Tegan Knuckey. "Reporting student progress: What might it look like?" In Research Conference 2021: Excellent progress for every student. Australian Council for Educational Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-638-3_16.
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The Communicating Student Learning Progress review produced by ACER in 2019 set out recommendations for schools and systems to improve the way schools report on student learning, in particular learning progress. Two case study schools from Victoria – a Catholic primary school and government secondary school – discuss changes they’ve made to their student reporting processes, in response to the review’s recommendations. Further research is recommended into how schools are rethinking reporting to engage students and parents in monitoring learning growth.
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Mitru, Alexandru, Loredana-Andreea Păun (Parnic), and Mihai-Claudiu Năstase. "Budget Allocations and Pre-university Educational Policies Promoted by the Romanian Government in the First Decade of the Interwar Period." In International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/33.
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In this research, the authors are investigating the way how the governmental authorities in Romania approached in the first decade of the interwar period the problem of reforming the pre-university education system. Its reorganization was very important for two basic reasons: it had to ensure the national unitary character of the state and, at the same time, it had to have a decisional influence for the development direction of the new state: conservative-traditionalist (peasant) or progressive (industrialized). The principles that stood at the base of the educational policy in Romania during the discussed period, debated and analyzed by the politicians of that time, by the decision-makers, teachers, parents, specialists etc., is an important concern in today's society, given the urgent need to achieve a profound change in today's Romanian pre-university education system. The importance of the study resides from the wish to stretch those Romanian educational traditions necessary to project and implement of a curricula reform today, which should correspond both to the expectations of students, parents and the economic and social needs of contemporary society. Investing in the education system was a matter of national priority because the school was considered a tool for building the Romanian nation in the new geopolitical context. There have been massive investments in expanding the school infrastructure in terms of primary and secondary education, but also in increasing the number of teachers. In 1922 the share of public education expenditures in the state budget expenditures was 10.1%, and in 1928 it rose to 13.4%.
Reports on the topic "Government school system"
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Cilliers, Jacobus, Eric Dunford, and James Habyarimana. What Do Local Government Education Managers Do to Boost Learning Outcomes? Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/064.
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Decentralization reforms have shifted responsibility for public service delivery to local government, yet little is known about how their management practices or behavior shape performance. We conducted a comprehensive management survey of mid-level education bureaucrats and their staff in every district in Tanzania, and employ flexible machine learning techniques to identify important management practices associated with learning outcomes. We find that management practices explain 10 percent of variation in a district's exam performance. The three management practices most predictive of performance are: i) the frequency of school visits; ii) school and teacher incentives administered by the district manager; and iii) performance review of staff. Although the model is not causal, these findings suggest the importance of robust systems to motivate district staff, schools, and teachers, that include frequent monitoring of schools. They also show the importance of surveying subordinates of managers, in order to produce richer information on management practices.
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Schelzig, Karin, and Kirsty Newman. Promoting Inclusive Education in Mongolia. Asian Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps200305-2.
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Children with disabilities suffer disproportionately from the learning crisis. Although they represent only about 1.5% to 5% of the child population, they comprise more than half of out-of-school children globally. Inspired by a commitment that every child has the right to quality education, a growing global drive for inclusive education promotes an education system where children with disabilities receive an appropriate and high-quality education that is delivered alongside their peers. The global commitment to inclusive education is captured in the Sustainable Development Goal 4—ensuring inclusive and equitable education and promoting lifelong learning opportunities for all. This paper explores inclusive education for children with disabilities in Mongolia’s mainstream education system, based on a 2019 survey of more than 5,000 households; interviews with teachers, school administrators, education ministry officials, and social workers; and visits to schools and kindergartens in four provinces and one district of the capital city. Mongolia has developed a strong legal and policy framework for inclusive education aligned with international best practice, but implementation and capacity are lagging. This is illustrated using four indicators of inclusive education: inclusive culture, inclusive policies, inclusive practices, and inclusive physical environments. The conclusion presents a matrix of recommendations for government and education sector development partners.
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Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo, and Erika Londoño-Ortega. Geographic Isolation and Learning in Rural Schools. Banco de la República, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1169.
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Rural schools are usually behind in terms of learning, and part of this could be related to geographical isolation. We explore this hypothesis, assessing the effect of distance between rural schools and local governments on learning in Colombia. We use spatial discontinuous regression models based on detailed administrative records from the education system and granular geographic information. Results indicate that distance to towns and Secretary of Education has significant negative effects on students’ standardized test scores. We evaluated alternative mechanisms, finding that the effect of distance is partly explained by differences in critical educational inputs, such as teachers’ education attainment and contract stability. Finally, we assess the mediating role of a program providing monetary incentives to teachers and principals in remote areas.
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Osidoma, Japhet, and Ashiru Mohammed Kinkwa. Creatively Improving Agricultural Practices and Productivity: Pro Resilience Action (PROACT) project, Nigeria. Oxfam, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7260.
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Since April 2016, The European Union and the Oxfam Pro-Resilience Action Project in Kebbi and Adamawa States, Nigeria, have supported poor smallholder rural farmers to improve their agricultural productivity. The project has a specific focus on increasing crop yields per hectare for better land usage, as well as ensuring farmers possess the skills they need to maintain good agricultural practices, such as inputs utilization and climate mitigation strategies, as well as an information-sharing system on weather and market prices. The project uses a Farmer Field School model that continues to serve as a viable platform for rural farmers to access hands-on skills and basic modern farming knowledge and techniques. The case studies presented here demonstrate a significant increase in farmers’ productivity, income and resilience. This approach should be emulated by governments and private sector players to achieve impact at scale in Nigeria’s agricultural sector, which is the country’s top non-oil revenue stream.
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Thomson, Sue, Nicole Wernert, Sima Rodrigues, and Elizabeth O'Grady. TIMSS 2019 Australia. Volume I: Student performance. Australian Council for Educational Research, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-614-7.
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The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is an international comparative study of student achievement directed by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). TIMSS was first conducted in 1995 and the assessment conducted in 2019 formed the seventh cycle, providing 24 years of trends in mathematics and science achievement at Year 4 and Year 8. In Australia, TIMSS is managed by the Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) and is jointly funded by the Australian Government and the state and territory governments. The goal of TIMSS is to provide comparative information about educational achievement across countries in order to improve teaching and learning in mathematics and science. TIMSS is based on a research model that uses the curriculum, within context, as its foundation. TIMSS is designed, broadly, to align with the mathematics and science curricula used in the participating education systems and countries, and focuses on assessment at Year 4 and Year 8. TIMSS also provides important data about students’ contexts for learning mathematics and science based on questionnaires completed by students and their parents, teachers and school principals. This report presents the results for Australia as a whole, for the Australian states and territories and for the other participants in TIMSS 2019, so that Australia’s results can be viewed in an international context, and student performance can be monitored over time. The results from TIMSS, as one of the assessments in the National Assessment Program, allow for nationally comparable reports of student outcomes against the Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians. (Ministerial Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs, 2008).
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Bano, Masooda, and Zeena Oberoi. Embedding Innovation in State Systems: Lessons from Pratham in India. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/058.
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The learning crisis in many developing countries has led to searches for innovative teaching models. Adoption of innovation, however, disrupts routine and breaks institutional inertia, requiring government employees to change their way of working. Introducing and embedding innovative methods for improving learning outcomes within state institutions is thus a major challenge. For NGO-led innovation to have largescale impact, we need to understand: (1) what factors facilitate its adoption by senior bureaucracy and political elites; and (2) how to incentivise district-level field staff and school principals and teachers, who have to change their ways of working, to implement the innovation? This paper presents an ethnographic study of Pratham, one of the most influential NGOs in the domain of education in India today, which has attracted growing attention for introducing an innovative teaching methodology— Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) – with evidence of improved learning outcomes among primary-school students and adoption by a number of states in India. The case study suggests that while a combination of factors, including evidence of success, ease of method, the presence of a committed bureaucrat, and political opportunity are key to state adoption of an innovation, exposure to ground realities, hand holding and confidence building, informal interactions, provision of new teaching resources, and using existing lines of communication are core to ensuring the co-operation of those responsible for actual implementation. The Pratham case, however, also confirms existing concerns that even when NGO-led innovations are successfully implemented at a large scale, their replication across the state and their sustainability remain a challenge. Embedding good practice takes time; the political commitment leading to adoption of an innovation is often, however, tied to an immediate political opportunity being exploited by the political elites. Thus, when political opportunity rather than a genuine political will creates space for adoption of an innovation, state support for that innovation fades away before the new ways of working can replace the old habits. In contexts where states lack political will to improve learning outcomes, NGOs can only hope to make systematic change in state systems if, as in the case of Pratham, they operate as semi-social movements with large cadres of volunteers. The network of volunteers enables them to slow down and pick up again in response to changing political contexts, instead of quitting when state actors withdraw. Involving the community itself does not automatically lead to greater political accountability. Time-bound donor-funded NGO projects aiming to introduce innovation, however large in scale, simply cannot succeed in bringing about systematic change, because embedding change in state institutions lacking political will requires years of sustained engagement.
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African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.
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This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.