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1
Buckley, Fiona May. "Women and cabinet government in Ireland : place, presence, performance." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.705653.
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This thesis sets out to move beyond descriptive accounts of the gendered nature of cabinet government to present a more substantive enquiry illuminating the gendered culture and gender power arrangements inherent in this institution. A feminist institutional study, the core focus of the thesis is to assess the influence of gender power arrangements on the potential for generating or resisting institutional change in cabinet government in Ireland. To investigate this question it is necessary to identify the gender culture of cabinet government in Ireland, and pay particular attention to how the male gender norms of cabinet government inform the dynamics of cabinet recruitment, portfolio allocation, ministerial involvement and presence. In so doing it identifies the impact of institutional gendered norms, practices and power arrangements on the political subjectivities of cabinet ministers (specifically women ministers) as well as how conformity to these institutional gender norms inhibits transformational institutional change. Cognisant of the informal dimensions of cabinet government formation and operation, this study is interested in learning about the institution's inner or so-called “hidden life" (Chappell and Waylen, 2013), in particular the gendered norms and the gender power bases at play. Overall the study reveals how gender manifests itself through cabinet government in Ireland, acting as a contributor as well as an attribute of institutional power. The central question of this thesis asks: do gender power arrangements within cabinet government in Ireland insulate against transformative institutional change as a result of women's presence? In addressing this question the thesis firstly examines the gendered nature of cabinet government in Ireland, producing a set of descriptive statistics as well as drawing from semi-structured interviews to illuminate the informal gender norms that guide cabinet recruitment and appointment. Secondly it examines gender performance to outline how women ministers conform to the predominant masculinist norms of cabinet government. Finally it examines the presence of women in cabinet government, focusing on the intersection and interaction of women as gendered beings within the male-gendered domain of cabinet government to uncover a series of gender dynamics that act as (gender) powerful processes inhibiting institutional change.
2
Economou, Nicholas. "Analysing government debt, credibility and inflation persistence in the presence of regime switches." Thesis, London Business School (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243383.
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Baranyk, Bethany L. S. "A Model for Choosing a Four-Year University or a Two-Year Community College with the Presence of a Government Subsidy." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1355431342.
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Matsubara, Nao. "The prospect for Okinawa's initiative : towards getting rid of the U.S. Military presence in Okinawa." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armm4344.pdf.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves [56]-[62]) Focusses on issues concerning the U.S. military presence on the island. Elaborates on Okinawa's suffering due to the military bases which have hindered Okinawa's economic development, created serious pollution and encouraged crime
5
Winkel, Geellis. "IS-implementation : a tri-motors theory of organizational change : case study of how an IT-enabled process of organizational change because of the presence of a teleological, life-cycle, and dialectical motor unfolds within a Dutch government organization." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5203.
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The reason for the study is that IT-enabled organizational change processes such as information system implementations have high costs and disappointing results. Studies to identify causes of the mentioned failures are mainly based on a variance approach. This study applies another approach which is not yet performed in this field of research and affects several themes. Based on a process approach data is compared with ideal-process theories to identify the generative mechanisms causing the unfolding of the process. Thus, the study identifies a recipe and not the ingredients.
6
TAVARES, MARIA HELENA DE SOUZA. "REMARKABLE PRESENCES: VIOLENCE AND RELIGION IN BRAZILS GOVERNMENT SOCIAL PROGRAMS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=13190@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>O presente estudo objetiva uma reflexão sobre a
complexidade dos
processos sociais contemporâneos, tendo como pano de fundo
a vida de
moradores das favelas do Rio de Janeiro. Elege as
categorias favela, violência e
religião, como suporte analítico para a compreensão das
relações presentes nos
territórios fragmentados da cidade, nos quais o acesso à
cidadania se coloca de
forma diferenciada. Procura identificar como as categorias
elencadas são
incorporadas pelos programas públicos de assistência
social, delineando seus
rebatimentos tanto em relação aos usuários dos programas,
quanto aos
profissionais que atuam em programas sociais da área.<br>This study focuses on the contemporary social life of
inhabitants of Rio de
Janeiro's favelas (slums) in Brazil. The study works with
the analytical categories
of favela, violence and religion to discuss the social
differences in access to
citizenship in Brazil's fragmented urban scenario. It
discusses how social
programs in the favelas incorporate violence and religion
as fundamental variables
influencing governement social assistance programs.
7
Agger, Helen O. "Interaction between government officials and Native people, past and present." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq23194.pdf.
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Patrício, Artur Manuel de Carvalho. "Reshaping the portuguese government debt structure." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6630.
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Mestrado em Finanças<br>Portuguese public debt has attained an unsustainable trajectory in recent years. The eco-nomic downturn and a fiscal imbalance have contributed to this situation. The aim of this research is to explore the possibility of restructuring sovereign debt as an alternative policy for solving the country’s debt problem. It is not easy to answer the question as to which hypothesis is the best solution for solving the Portuguese public debt problem. Reducing interest rates, lengthening maturities and perpetual debt conversion, seem to be the most feasible ones. However the haircut strategy should not be disregarded. The empirical analysis shows the impact of each hypothesis in three different frameworks: present value, debt service and debt dynamics.
9
Paberzyte, Ieva. "Current issues in Lithuanian archaeology : Soviet past and post-Soviet present." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101890.
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This paper is a case study of Soviet political influences on Lithuanian archaeology. The work explores the application of central political rules of the Soviet Union to Lithuanian archaeology and analyses the consequences of these applications in the Post-Soviet period. The result of the study reveals that under Soviet policy, Lithuanian archaeologists developed a highly descriptive tradition. In Post-Soviet Lithuania, archaeologists continue to practice the descriptive tradition and rarely engage in theoretical debates. The work suggests possible explanations and solutions to the current problems in Lithuanian archaeology.
10
Foster, Gary Alan. "Male rape and the government of bodies : an unnatural history of the present /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20070105.111612/index.html.
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Nyberg, Moa. "Svenska FN- förbundet - En jämställd organisation? : En studie om jämställdheten inom en frivilligorganisation i Sverige." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1300.
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<p>UN is a non-governmental organization which should promote gender equality within the organization. It is an organization which is based on human rights and claims that in order to solve the problem of poverty, famine and development we need to promote women’s status. In Sweden there is a strong tradition of gender balanced representation at the governmental level and this perspective raise the question if there is a spill-over effect to the civil society as in the case of a non-governmental organization. This makes it interesting to look at if a non-governmental organization which is not under state control work for gender equality within their own organization. What does the gender equality pattern look like in a sphere that is not controlled by the government? Does it work by itself? The main purpose of this thesis is therefore to examine opinions about the gender balance within the Swedish UN-movement.</p><p> In order to understand and analyse the gender equality context within UN, interwievs with chairmens for each UN-district in Sweden was conducted and it was found that there was no active promotion of this issue within the organization. Instead, the survey showed that the promotion of gender equality issues was directed towards other societys. To a certain extent it was also shown that women’s understanding of UN as a gender equal organization was less prominent than men’s understanding. This thesis concluded therefore that gender equality does not work by itself in the civil sphere. Instead, it seems as if work for gender balance needs directive and control from the government in order to function. </p><p>Key words: Gender equality, FN, feminism, politics of presence, non-governmental organizations.</p>
12
Kapyata, Dennis. "China-African Union relations : 2001 to the present." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2020. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/738.
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The increasing engagement of China in Africa after the cold war has steered debates concerning the growing complexion of this relationship. However, the emphasis of assessment has mainly been narrowed to the bilateral relationship between China and African countries. Insufficient consideration has been focused to the increasing relationship concerning China and African Union which is the continental Regional Organization of African states. This study explores the nature and impact of China-African Union relationship and its consequences to the African Union member states generally. The study examines the significance of this relationship and demonstrates how both China and African Union are using this relationship to fulfill their objectives and the ultimate effect to the African Union member states that have bilateral relations with China. By using qualitative design and the lens of constructivism this study has tested the extent of the application of China's objectives under the China African policy and the African Union objectives under the Constitutive Act and Agenda 2063 by analyzing the extent the parties are using this relationship to enhance the fulfillment of their objectives, by testing the study on the objectives of infrastructure development, peace and security, health, and capacity development as the research variables. This study shows the extent at which the parties' relations has led to the achievement of these objectives thus demonstrating the importance of the relationship between China and African Union. This relationship has enhanced peace and security preservation of the African continent, facilitated the development of African Union Centre for Disease Control and Prevention to boost the health objective on the continent, as well as aggrandized skill development through capacity development initiatives on the continent. China has also supported, consistently praised and acknowledged the role of the AU in solving African problems as well as constructing for it the biggest office block hence giving the continental organization a new face. Nevertheless, the study shows that China is using this relationship to project itself as a more active external partner for the AU and the African continent compared to the rest. Similarly, China is trying to use this relationship with the AU to socialize the AU member states towards its own priorities, and the relationship is positioning China to initiate, maintain and increase its Soft power interests on the African continent as well as advance its norms. Equally, China is carefully using its relationship with the AU to promote its geostrategic and political interests on the African continent for instance through its recent establishment of the Chinese military base in Djibouti. The study also highlights how Chinese Africa relations is not only based on interest of exploiting African resources entirely as described by previous authors, but there is also commitment towards increasing its engagement with the African Union basing on each other's policies and priorities in order to fulfill their objectives
13
Segal, Todd J. "Why Americans don't trust government, and why they sometimes do trust in government in the United States from the 1960s to the present /." Available to US Hopkins community, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/dlnow/3080763.
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Mizell, Daron M. "Understanding Iraq's Shi'is : evolving misconceptions within the U.S. government from the 1970s to the present /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA435594.
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15
Pottinger, Derek Miles. "God's foreknowledge are the objections presented by the Open View grounds for denial? /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.
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Shek, Wai-haan Kitty. "The provision of cultural services in Hong Kong a study of present arrangements and possible future strategies /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31967309.
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Shek, Wai-haan Kitty, and 石慧嫻. "The provision of cultural services in Hong Kong: a study of present arrangements and possible future strategies." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31967309.
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Ryu, Seung-Hyun. "The effect of political ideology of the three branches of state governments and socio-economic factors on the presence of death penalty statutes." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/444719494/viewonline.
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Langston, Paul D. "Pursuit of Happiness: Struggling to Preserve Status Quo in Revolutionary Era Nova Scotia." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5318/.
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Following the Glorious Revolution in 1688, the British North American colonies interpreted Parliament's success in removing arbitrary governmental practices and establishing a balanced government as a victory for local representative government. Within these colonies, merchants secured their influence in local government in order to protect their profits and trade networks. The New England merchants that resettled in Nova Scotia in the 1750s successfully established a local government founded upon their rights as British subjects. The attempt by the British government to centralize the imperial administration in 1763 and the perceived threat of reintroducing arbitrary rule by Parliament was a direct threat to the colonial governmental system. Although Nova Scotia chose loyalism in 1775-1776, this decision did not stem from isolation or a differing political philosophy. In fact, it was their cultural and political similarities that led Nova Scotia and New England to separate paths in 1776. Nova Scotia merchants controlling the Assembly were able to confront and defeat attempts that threatened their influence in local politics and on the local economy. With the threat to their authority defeated and new markets opening for the colony, the Nova Scotia merchant class was able to preserve the status quo in local government.
20
Williams, Vincent Sinclair. "The history of government's role in education in Bermuda from the founding of the colony to the present." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/900.
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Thesis (M.A.)--East Tennessee State University, 2004.<br>Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0413104-213121. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
21
Mbao, Mbao Melvin Leslie. "Law and urbanisation in Zambia : a study of the constitutional and legal framework of urban local government 1890 to the present." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329279.
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Sheftel, Anna. "The construction of formal and informal historical narratives of violence in north-western Bosnia, World War II until present." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669877.
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Issa, Faisal H. [Verfasser]. "The Present and Potential Role of Non-Governmental Organisations in Agricultural and Rural Development in Tanzania / Faisal H Issa." Aachen : Shaker, 2004. http://d-nb.info/1172612889/34.
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Karasin, Kevin M. "The Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan, a case study of public ownership concerning the policies of successive Saskatchewan governments from 1944 to present." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ30488.pdf.
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Paterson, Craig. "Prohibition & resistance: a socio-political exploration of the changing dynamics of the southern African cannabis trade, c. 1850 - the present." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002403.
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Looking primarily at the social and political trends in South Africa over the course of the last century and a half, this thesis explores how these trends have contributed to the establishment of the southern Africa cannabis complex. Through an examination of the influence which the colonial paradigm based on Social Darwinian thinking had on the understanding of the cannabis plant in southern Africa, it is argued that cannabis prohibition and apartheid laws rested on the same ideological foundation. This thesis goes on to argue that the dynamics of cannabis production and trade can be understood in terms of the interplay between the two themes of ‘prohibition’ and ‘resistance’. Prohibition is not only understood to refer to cannabis laws, but also to the proscription of inter-racial contact and segregation dictated by the apartheid regime. Resistance, then, refers to both resistance to apartheid and resistance to cannabis laws in this thesis. Including discussions on the hippie movement and development of the world trade, the anti-apartheid movement, the successful implementation of import substitution strategies in Europe and North America from the 1980’s, and South Africa’s incorporation into the global trade, this thesis illustrates how the apartheid system (and its collapse) influenced the region’s cannabis trade.
26
Lynch, Michael. "Themes of Parole as Presented in Bill C-10: Contributing to the Conservative Government's 'Tough on Crime' Approach to the Criminal Justice System?" Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33421.
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Canada’s federal prison population has been rising for the past 10 years. This is perplexing given Canada’s national official crime rate has been declining since the 1970’s. One possible explanation for the rising prison population could be related to the restrictive measures imposed on parole policies during the last forty years. This thesis intends to analyze the recent parliamentary discourses surrounding recent legislative changes brought to parole by the conservative government. In doing so, a document analysis is conducted on the Parliamentary debates pertaining to section 6 and section 7 of Bill C-10 as well as the content of the amendments within section 6 and section 7 of Bill C-10. The purpose of the document analysis is to analyze the themes within these documents and determine whether or not these themes represent a potential change in the punitive approach towards parole. Given that a more punitive approach could have negative impacts on certain offenders and on society in general, this thesis aims to better understand the discourses and values of the Parliamentary debate participants’ changes to the legislation and the potential impacts these restrictions may have for Canada’s federal prison population.
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Khoza, Phumlile Tina. "A study of the powers of the Swazi monarch in terms of Swazi law and custom past, present and the future." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004723.
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The thesis covers the branches of law known as Constitutional law and Customary law. It focuses on the powers of the Swazi monarch, which are based on a combination of the received Western law and Swazi custom. For the purposes of this study, therefore, Swazi law and custom shall be taken to include both the statutory law and the yet unwritten customary law. Swaziland is black Africa's only remaining traditional monarchy, ruled as it is by the Ngwenyama, an indigenous institution, whose origin is derived from custom. The resilience of this ancient system of government in a continent where modernisation and constitutional democracy among other factors have led to its extinction is phenomenal, particularly because some commentators have described traditionalism in modern Africa as an "embarrassing anachronism.' In Swaziland the monarchy continues to be a vibrant system and the nation is currently engaged in a process of not only codifying the customary law but also of drafting the constitution of the country. One of the key areas of concern is the question of the distribution of power between the monarch and the people under the proposed constitution. Traditionalists are of the view that the powers that the King currently exercises should remain intact as they are a reflection of the Swazi law and custom. Progressives, on the other hand, are of the view that the current position makes the King an absolute monarch and are thus proposing a change from an absolute to a constitutional monarch. In other words they want some kind of checks and balances in the envisaged system of government. The study will show that the constitutional evolution of Swaziland and the exigencies of synthesising modern and traditional systems of governance have over the years obscured the true nature of the powers of the monarch in terms of Swazi custom. Thus before we can consider whether the future of the monarchy in Swaziland depends on the harmonisation of modern and traditional systems of governance, it is necessary to revisit the past to determine the powers of the monarch in their embryonic form, for it is from this period that we can extrapolate the powers of the Ngwenyama in terms of Swazi custom. The thesis has been arranged as follows: The first chapter will review the precolonial political system of Swaziland with a view to establishing whether monarchical authority was founded on command or consensus. The various theories, which seek to explain the foundations of the monarchical system of government, will be outlined. The second chapter will focus on European influence on the Swazi traditional system of government. The third chapter will be an analysis of the powers of the monarch under the 1968 independence constitution. The fourth chapter will focus on the effect of the repeal of the 1968 independence constitution by the Monarch. The fifth chapter will focus on the constitutional reforms under the reign of king Mswati III. The sixth and last chapter focus on proposals for reform. The research method used was in the main, an analysis of relevant legal principles as contained in textbooks, legislation, journals, the scant case law that is available in this area of the law and other relevant materials. A comparative survey of ancient African kingdoms will be done, with emphasis on those Kingdoms, which later became British colonial possessions. It is hoped that this comparative analysis will help explain the evolution of these traditional structures alongside modern governmental institutions.
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Meyer, Dawid Frederik. "Urban greening in South Africa : an analysis of present trends and recommendations for the future." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52598.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The abolishment of Apartheid and the transition to a democratic political dispensation has
ushered in a new era for urban development in South Africa. This change implies a range of
challenges for managing urban areas which also includes the urban environment. Urban
environmental creation (defined as activity to green the urban environment) holds the potential to
mitigate the consequences caused by Apartheid to South Africans and in addition, if planned
properly and applied sensibly, can contribute significantly towards social and economic
prosperity in this country.
Relatively few attempts to date have been made to research urban greening within the so-called
new South African context. Currently a lack of vision exists regarding strategy development for
future urban greening and dissension regarding the objectives of urban greening has been
identified as a key problem area. This makes it particularly difficult to take decisions at project
execution level. From the outset, the aims of this research were two-fold, namely to measure
progress at project co-ordination level and further to conceptualise a theoretical framework for
future decision making.
The literature review documents the agendas for urban greening, both past and present. An,
analysis of various urban planning and design strategies, together with South African central
government policies which refer to urban environmental management, has shown that a paradigm
shift is occurring within the urban greening discipline. This shift is characterised by a movement
away from urban greening which focuses on secondary social needs of people, and a shift
towards urban greening which is more sensitive to the primary social and economic needs of
cities' inhabitants.
This research uses a case study approach to measure progress gained in urban greening practise
and to determine the current state of affairs. A sample of projects for analysis was obtained from
four organisations. Information gathered was then analysed in terms of selected characteristics.
In addition, the execution processes (planning, implementation, construction and maintenance) of
four urban greening development projects, which were selected randomly from the sample, are
described. The research is concluded with a synthesis of findings and recommendations into a conceptual
framework for future decision making.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die beëindiging van Apartheid en die oorgang na 'n demokratiese politieke bestel het 'n nuwe
era vir stedelike ontwikkeling in Suid Afrika ingelui. Hierdie verandering hou 'n reeks nuwe
uitdagings vir stedelike bestuur in, wat onder andere ook die bestuur van die stedelike omgewing
insluit. Stedelike omgewingsskepping, wat gedefinieer kan word as aktiwiteit om die stedelike
omgewing te vergroen, besit die potensiaal om skade wat Apartheid aan Suid Afrikaners
berokken het te temper en kan voorts, indien dit deurdag beplan en aangewend word, bydra tot
sosiale en ekonomiese welvaart in Suid Afrika.
Tot hede, is daar nog betreklik min navorsing oor stedelike vergroening binne die sogenaamde
Nuwe Suid Afrika konteks onderneem. Daar bestaan tans groot leemtes aangaande die gedaante
wat stedelike vergroening binne 'n post-Apartheid konteks behoort te verbeeld, weens twee-spalt
wat heers met betrekking tot doelwitte. Gepaardgaande hiermee, bestaan daar ook geen
aanvaarbare strategie vir die toekoms nie. Al hierdie probleme tesame bemoeilik sinvolle
besluitneming op grondvlak. Hierdie navorsing stel dit dus breedweg as mikpunt om die konteks
van stedelike vergroening in Suid-Afrika te bepaal, vordering wat sedert demokratisering in die
veld bereik is te meet en verder om 'n raamwerk vir die toekoms daar te stel.
Die agendas vir stedelike vergroening (soos wat dit in die verlede was en hoe dit tans uitsien),
word in die literatuuroorsig gepeil. 'n Ontleding van 'n verskeidenheid van stadsbeplannings en -
ontwerp strategieë tesame met 'n ontleding van Suid Afrikaanse sentrale owerheidsbeleid wat
betrekking het op stedelike omgewingsbestuur, bevestig meegaande 'n hipotese wat gestel is,
naamlik dat 'n paradigma verskuiwing besig is om plaas te vind in die stedelike vergroenings
veld. Hierdie paradigma verskuiwing word gekenmerk deur 'n beweging weg vanaf stedelike
vergroening wat gefokus is op die sekondêre sosiale behoeftes van mense en 'n beweging na
stedelike vergroening wat fokus op die primêre sosiale en ekonomiese behoeftes van stedelinge.
'n Navorsingsprojek is onderneem ten einde die huidige stand van gekoordineerde stedelike
vergroenings ontwikkeling, aldus stedelike vergroening wat spesifiek gemik is op die
ontwikkeling van gemeenskappe wat deur die vorige politieke stelsel in Suid Afrika benadeel is,
te meet. 'n Steekproef vir analise is verkry, deur 'n vraelys ondersoek te loods onder vier
organisasies wat as gevallestudies deel neem. Stedelike vergroenings ontwikkelingsprojekte wat
deur hierdie organisasies gelys is (die steekproef elemente) is dan aan die hand van geselekteerdekenmerke en eienskappe vergelyk en ontleed. Gepaardgaande hiermee volg daar ook 'n
prosesbeskrywing van vier stedelike vergroenings ontwikkelings projekte wat subjektief uit die
vier gevallestudies geselekteer is. Die doel hiervan is om gedetailleerde insae te verskaf tot die
wyse hoe stedelike vergroenings ontwikkelings projekte tans tot uitvoering gebring word.
Die navorsing word saamgevat deur 'n sintese van bevindings en aanbevelings in 'n teoretiese
raamwerk vir toekomstige besluitneming.
29
Tilley, Sara. "Ageing and mobility in Britain : past trends, present patterns and future implications." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4471.
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Over the next decade the ‘Baby Boomer' cohort will increasingly contribute to the proportion of those aged 60 and over in Britain. The issue of how the mobility of older people has changed for different cohort groups has not been considered in a historical context. Ryder (1965) argued that cohort groups could be important in determining behaviour as have other social structural factors, such as socioeconomic status. This thesis merges the disciplines of transport geography and population studies using a novel approach of cohort analysis, which has not been used widely for studying mobility trends. Using National Travel Survey data from 1995-2008, the mobility trends of older people in Britain are explored by creating pseudo cohorts. Pseudo cohorts are artificially created datasets which are constructed from using repeated cross-sectional data (McIntosh, 2005, Uren, 2006). This technique can differentiate ‘age', ‘period' and ‘cohort' effects in mobility trends. Age effects are differences in behaviour between age groups i.e. changes in mobility associated with age itself. Period effects relate to changes in behaviour in all age groups over a period of time. Cohort effects are those associated with behaviour common to particular groups born around the same time (Glenn, 2005, Yang, 2007). The influence of the Scottish concessionary travel policy on the mobility of older people at the aggregate level is also considered using Scottish Household Survey data from 1999-2008. This policy is very blunt and based on assumptions about older age. As cohorts differ, these assumptions may no longer hold and therefore the policy may not be effective. This thesis argues, using a longitudinal demographic perspective, that structural effects shape mobility of cohorts differently over time. The findings reveal although mobility amongst older people is rising in general, there would actually be declining mobility were it not for the Boomer cohort. Amongst younger cohorts mobility is lower. The analysis also shows that women travel further than men, a fundamental break with the past, specific to this generation. This thesis illustrates the importance of cohort membership in explaining mobility change.
30
Santos, Fernanda Salvi [UNESP]. "O cenário ambiental paulista: no passado e no presente: considerações sobre as condições das unidades de conservação da Mata Atlântica de São Paulo." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95593.
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santos_fs_me_rcla.pdf: 1139616 bytes, checksum: 11e3e771b063d1761e5218da48b13fbc (MD5)<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Entre os biomas mais devastados do mundo está a Mata Atlântica, de sua área original restam apenas 7,9%, o Estado de São Paulo abriga a maior parte contínua desses remanescentes. A necessidade de preservação desses remanescentes é clara para todos, porém a avaliação dos desempenhos das Unidades de Conservação criadas com essa incumbência não é tão transparente. A inexistência de padrões que nivelem seus desempenhos e suas estruturas impede a conclusão acerca de qual Unidade poderia melhorar ou qual Parque é exemplar em toda sua atuação. Para que possamos preservar de modo apropriado é necessário antes conhecer o que se deve preservar. Para determinar a efetividade e o desempenho de uma Unidade de Conservação, deve-se analisar o cumprimento de seu propósito de funcionamento, que é condição para sua existência como tal. É preciso observar como se dá a preservação do meio ambiente, tornando possível a manutenção, a recuperação, a preservação e a sobrevivência da biota em questão, garantindo condições para a melhoria da qualidade de vida humana e ambiental<br>Among the world's most devastated biomes is the Atlantic Forest, only remain 7.9% of its original area, the State of São Paulo holds the larger continuous part of the remnants. The need for environmental preservation is clear to everyone, but the evaluation of performance of the units is not so transparent, the lack of standards that leveled structures and performances prevent the conclusion about which unit could improve, or which have a exemplary performance between the parks. To be able of preserve with an appropriate mode is required before meet which must be preserved. Determining the effectiveness or the performance of a conservation area, is needed to concern about the regarding the fulfillment of its purpose and the operating condition for their existence as a protected area, preserving the environment making possible its maintenance, restoration, conservation and survival of the biota in question, ensuring conditions for improving the quality of human life and to the environment
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Chymera, A. "Trunk road planning for Airedale, West Yorkshire, U.K : Strategic planning for a new Airedale trunk road by Central and Local Government, with special reference to evidence presented at public inquiries." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374895.
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Santos, Fernanda Salvi. "O cenário ambiental paulista : no passado e no presente: considerações sobre as condições das unidades de conservação da Mata Atlântica de São Paulo /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95593.
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Orientador: Adler Guilherme Viadana<br>Banca: Fadel David Antônio Tuma Filho<br>Banca: Ailton Luchiari<br>Resumo: Entre os biomas mais devastados do mundo está a Mata Atlântica, de sua área original restam apenas 7,9%, o Estado de São Paulo abriga a maior parte contínua desses remanescentes. A necessidade de preservação desses remanescentes é clara para todos, porém a avaliação dos desempenhos das Unidades de Conservação criadas com essa incumbência não é tão transparente. A inexistência de padrões que nivelem seus desempenhos e suas estruturas impede a conclusão acerca de qual Unidade poderia melhorar ou qual Parque é exemplar em toda sua atuação. Para que possamos preservar de modo apropriado é necessário antes conhecer o que se deve preservar. Para determinar a efetividade e o desempenho de uma Unidade de Conservação, deve-se analisar o cumprimento de seu propósito de funcionamento, que é condição para sua existência como tal. É preciso observar como se dá a preservação do meio ambiente, tornando possível a manutenção, a recuperação, a preservação e a sobrevivência da biota em questão, garantindo condições para a melhoria da qualidade de vida humana e ambiental<br>Abstract: Among the world's most devastated biomes is the Atlantic Forest, only remain 7.9% of its original area, the State of São Paulo holds the larger continuous part of the remnants. The need for environmental preservation is clear to everyone, but the evaluation of performance of the units is not so transparent, the lack of standards that leveled structures and performances prevent the conclusion about which unit could improve, or which have a exemplary performance between the parks. To be able of preserve with an appropriate mode is required before meet which must be preserved. Determining the effectiveness or the performance of a conservation area, is needed to concern about the regarding the fulfillment of its purpose and the operating condition for their existence as a protected area, preserving the environment making possible its maintenance, restoration, conservation and survival of the biota in question, ensuring conditions for improving the quality of human life and to the environment<br>Mestre
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Martins, Bibiana Volkmer. "A presença da ONG Cidade para a construção de um planejamento urbano democrático em Porto Alegre." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29972.
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A consagração do neoliberalismo como ideologia dominante, em meados dos anos 1980 veio acompanhada de diversas mudanças no papel do Estado, principalmente no que concerne às questões sociais, que passaram a ser repassadas ao setor social. Tal mudança vem abrindo espaço para que se questione o lugar de certas organizações – as ONG -, as quais, nos anos 1960/70/80, atuaram na América Latina como verdadeiros partidos políticos em defesa dos grupos socialmente mais vulneráveis (CARRION; COSTA, 2011). Paralelamente, em um contexto no qual o neoliberalismo tem se consagrado não somente como ideologia, mas como práxis, modificações na paisagem urbana das cidades têm privilegiado a valorização fundiária, acompanhada da expulsão dos grupos social e economicamente desfavorecidos para regiões periféricas das cidades. Assim, em tempos de preparação para a Copa do Mundo de Futebol de 2014, que resultará em diversas mudanças na paisagem urbanística de Porto Alegre, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar as ações da ONG Cidade – tradicional defensora dos interesses urbano-ambientais das camadas mais vulneráveis da população - a fim de analisar em que medida sua presença na esfera pública contribui para que o planejamento urbano em Porto Alegre seja democraticamente construído. Para tanto, estudo caracterizou-se como qualitativo e exploratório, possuindo como método o estudo de caso. As técnicas de coleta de dados foram a observação participante e a análise documental. Para a análise dos dados colhidos, que foi baseada na análise de conteúdo, utilizou-se como referencial teórico o pensamento habermasiano e, em especial, o debate acerca das teorias de mundo da vida e mundo do sistema (1992; 2002). Como resultados, a pesquisa desvelou, de um lado, as dificuldades que a ONG Cidade tem enfrentado para se fazer ouvir nos canais formais de participação popular, estabelecidos para o debate relacionado às questões urbanas e, de outro, a cumplicidade do Estado com os interesses do capital. Esses fatores têm contribuído para a disseminação de um modelo de „cidade da exclusão‟, o qual, em nome da mais valia fundiária, está transferindo a população de baixa renda para regiões periféricas da cidade. Diante do exposto, fica claro que a lógica habermasiana de mundo do sistema é a que predomina na esfera pública que trata do planejamento urbano de Porto Alegre. Por fim, evidencia-se que a ONG Cidade mantém sua autonomia política de ação diante do Estado e contribui para a construção democrática à medida que foca seu trabalho na articulação dos movimentos sociais em torno de alternativas de resistência ao modelo excludente apresentado pelo governo municipal. Entretanto, em um mundo que está em constantes mudanças, onde o papel do Estado é sucessivamente redefinido, pode-se questionar: Até quando entidades tradicionalmente defensoras dos interesses das camadas mais vulneráveis da população, como a ONG Cidade, vão conseguir manter sua lógica de atuação e defender os interesses daqueles que representam?<br>The consecration of neoliberalism as the dominant ideology in the mid-1980s was accompanied by several changes in the role of the state, especially regarding social issues, which came to be passed on to the social sector. This change has opened space for questioning whether the place of certain organizations - NGOs - which, in the years 1960/70/80, worked in Latin America as real political parties in the interests of socially vulnerable groups (CARRION; COAST, 2011). In parallel, in a context in which neoliberalism has been enshrined not only as an ideology, but as practice, changes in the urban landscape of cities have tended to increase in land values, accompanied by the expulsion of the socially and economically disadvantaged groups to the outskirts of cities.Thus, in times of preparation for the FIFA World Cup 2014, which will result in several changes in the urban landscape of Porto Alegre, this research aimed to investigate the actions of NGO Cidade - traditional defender of urban-environmental vulnerable population layers interests - in order to analyze to what extent its presence in the public sphere contributes so that the urban planning in Porto Alegre could democratically be built. For this reason, the study characterized as qualitative and exploratory, and the method used was a case study. The techniques of data collection were participant observation and document analysis. In order to analyze the data collected, which was based on content analysis, was used a theoretical Habermas's thought, in particular, the debate about the theories of the life world and the world of system (1992; 2002). As the survey results unveiled, on one side, the difficulties that the NGOs Cidade has faced to be heard in formal channels of popular participation established for the discussion related to urban issues, and, on the other hand, the complicity of state with the interests of capital. These factors have contributed to spread a model of a „city of exclusion', which, on behalf of the more valuable land, is shifting to low-income city peripheral areas. In the view of the forgoing, it is clear that the logic of Habermas about world of system is the one that prevails in the public sphere which treats urban planning in Porto Alegre. Finally, it is evident that the NGO Cidade keeps its political autonomy of action against the state and contributes to a democratic building as it focuses its work on the articulation of social movements around resistence alternatives to the exclusionary model presented by the municipal government. However, in a world that is constantly changing, where the role of the state is successively redefined, the question remains: Even when entities traditionally champions of the interests of the most vulnerable population, such as NGOs Cidade, will get his logic performance and protect the interests of those they represent?
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Schmidt, Jeremy J. "The past, present and future of water policy in the South Saskatchewan River Basin, Alberta, Canada /." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101895.
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This thesis presents an account of water policies in Alberta's South Saskatchewan River Basin in reference to the historical factors influencing past decisions, the claims supporting present reforms and implications for future policy directions. I begin by investigating the historical factors surrounding early water policies and consider their influence on water development in the 20th century. Next I critically examine the policy reforms from 1996-2006 and consider both how early policy decisions influence contemporary plans and the claims offered in support of current management decisions. I then look to the future of water policy in southern Alberta and the planned implementation of adaptive management systems. I analyze adaptive management theory in the policy context of Alberta and find the normative claims of adaptive management insufficient. I then suggest a more robust normative framework to supplement adaptive management theory.
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Costa, Ilton Garcia da. "Constituição e educação: autonomia universitária e a presença do Estado nas instituições de ensino superior particulares." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9035.
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Previous issue date: 2010-06-07<br>The present study focuses on analyzing the Constitution and Education concerning the independence of universities and the normative and directive presence of the central government in universities, especially the private ones.
The acts of the central government may, by means of norms, limit the independence of private universities, a fact that has inspired and founded the present study.
In order to establish such interference, normative instruments have been analyzed, starting with the Federal Constitution, followed by the Law of Directives and Bases in Education, and including other legislation, from the perspective of Higher Education institutions.
As the study developed, first the Federal Constitution was examined with respect to Education and their inter-connections. Next, Education was analyzed as a necessary and fundamental asset to achieve social justice, enforce public policies to ensure the quality of Higher Education; then the Law of Directives and Bases was examined regarding Higher Education, particularly education provided by private institutions, then the study compares the number of private versus public Higher Education institutions and, finally, the study looks into the central government s directive action in Higher Education and how it interferes with the independence of universities.
The independence of universities has been analyzed from the point of view of pedagogical pluralism, freedom of choice and the actions meant to improve quality and bring excellence to Higher Education.
The study has identified the need for directive action on the part of the central government on private Higher Education institutions to ensure quality, although within some parameters contemplated in this paper, and has confirmed the inescapable need for the independence of universities, whether public or private<br>O presente estudo tem como cerne analisar a Constituição e a Educação no que se refere à autonomia universitária e à presença normativa e diretiva do Estado nas instituições de ensino superior, em especial nas particulares.
A ação do Estado pode, através de normas, limitar a autonomia universitária em instituições particulares, fato que norteia e fundamenta o presente estudo.
Para delimitar esta interferência, foram analisados os instrumentos normativos a iniciar pela Constituição Federal, seguida pela Lei de Diretriz e Bases da Educação além de outras legislações, segundo a perspectiva da Educação Superior.
No desenvolvimento do estudo, inicialmente se cotejou a Constituição Federal no que diz respeito à Educação e seus inter-relacionamentos. Sequencialmente é analisada a Educação, como um bem necessário e fundamental à justiça social, à efetivação de políticas públicas direcionadas à qualidade do ensino superior, a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases no que tange ao ensino superior, em especial ao ensino oferecido por instituições particulares, comparações entre a oferta de ensino superior particular em relação ao ensino superior público e, por fim, a ação diretiva do Estado na Educação Superior e sua interferência na autonomia universitária.
A autonomia universitária foi analisada pelo prisma do pluralismo pedagógico, da liberdade de escolha e das ações que objetivam a qualidade e a excelência do Ensino Superior.
O estudo identificou a necessidade da ação diretiva do Estado no ensino superior particular para garantir a qualidade, porém com parâmetros que serão considerados no trabalho, além de corroborar a necessidade e a indispensabilidade da autonomia universitária no ensino e nas universidades, sejam elas públicas ou particulares
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Garcia, Aguirre Diana Cristina, and Chuco Shirley Estefanía Hinostroza. "Análisis correlacional entre la presencia del Directorio y el número de trabajadores con el nivel de ventas de las empresas familiares de algunos sectores del Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625965.
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Durante el desarrollo de la presente investigación, encontramos que la mayor cantidad de empresas en nuestro país son las empresas familiares, que representan incluso el 60% de nuestro PBI, también hemos encontrado en la información de diferentes fuentes bibliográficas que el periodo de vida de estas empresas tiende a ser muy corto o a encontrar en el camino de su desarrollo crisis que no se han podido superar o que han generado que se estanque el crecimiento de las mismas. Por este motivo, decidimos plantearnos la hipótesis de que la presencia del directorio en una empresa familiar, en conjunto con el número de sus trabajadores, SI está relacionada con las ventas de la misma. Para ello tomamos una muestra no probabilística de empresas familiares de diferentes tamaños en las que evaluamos la presencia de variables como el directorio, las generaciones, consejo familiar y años de funcionamiento. Finalmente, estas variables las evaluamos mediante un enfoque cuantitativo; en el cual obtuvimos que efectivamente el directorio y la cantidad de trabajadores de la empresa familiar, si está relacionada estadísticamente y de manera significativa con sus ventas.<br>During the development of this research, we found that the largest number of companies in our country are family businesses, which even represent 60% of our GDP, we have also found in the information from different sources that the life span of these companies tends to be very short or to find in the path of their development crises that have not been overcome or that have led to stagnation of their growth. For this reason, we decided to consider the hypothesis that the presence of the board of directors in a family business, together with the number of its employees, is related to the sales of the same. To this end, we took a non-probabilistic sample of family businesses of different sizes in which we evaluated the presence of variables such as the directory, generations, family council and years of operation. Finally, we evaluated these variables in a quantitative approach; in which we obtained that effectively the directory and the number of workers in the family business it is related statistically and in a significant way with its sales.<br>Tesis
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Desjarlais, Clayton. "From the past (1876) to the present (2000), an analysis of band membership among the Plains Cree of Saskatchewan." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60221.pdf.
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Hayes, Dorothy Maora. "Wāhine kaihautū, wāhine whai mana navigating the tides of change : Whakatōhea women and tribal socio-politics : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy in Māori Studies at Massey University." Massey University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1111.
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This thesis explored the socio-political experiences and views of seven Maori women from the tribe of Whakatahea. The project adopted a Maori-centred theoretical and research approach that included the researcher as a member of the researched group. It aimed to draw out the common themes, from the women's recollections of their experiences and views of the socio-political decision-making affairs within whanau, hapu, and iwi. The women identified barriers to participation and strategies to overcome these barriers. Qualifications reflected traditional Maori values and practices. Rights according to whakapapa, and the principle "he kanohi kitea", being seen, were the obvious criterion. Poor information channels, minimal consultation, gender bias, age and time constraints were some of the issues identified as barriers to participation. It was found that whanau governance committees more closely reflected traditional values and customs that saw women and men as sharing power, more so than hapu and iwi organisations. The gender imbalance was viewed, by the women participants, as problematic. They concluded that better gender balance at all levels of the socio-political affairs of Whakatohea would ensure greater informed decision-making for the social, educational, economic, and spiritual well-being of the tribe today and for future generations.
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Rocha, Alberto Frederico Moraes da. "Case study of a Brazilian community association : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Public Policy at Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand." Massey University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/974.
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This is a Case Study Research done inside a poor community in Brazil. The main goal of the research is to facilitate this community to understand their problems and to overcome it. Therefore the researcher and the researched developed the following question ‘why NovaMosanta is not achieving its goals? The researcher wanted to work as a facilitator throughout the whole process of dialogue that aims to empower the community. Departing from that question and based on Freire’s ideas of education the research aims to build new knowledge from the interaction of academic and community knowledge. To implement this case study field research the researcher decided to use Participant observation and questionnaires. Surprisingly during the research the NGO called NovaMosanta faced the challenge of remodeling a public school without government help; otherwise the school would be closed. This NGO succeeded with the help of the New Zealand Government that gave NZ$15,000 to build two new classrooms in the school. Community members helped working in the remodeling and local commerce gave discounts to enable the remodeling. As a result the school will not be closed and the students will continue to study there. It also helped to increase community support and participation. Although not designed as a Participant Action Research, this thesis evolved to produce action and to change the community reality. It was an empowering process to the researcher and the researched. The community support increased and it also served s a catalytic event in the process of transformation and inclusion. Finally it clarifies the importance of producing fast results to maintain community support. You can check the research results in the links below that contain two local network reports about it. (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hz_FItXp3nM) & (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=py5emCNXRlo)
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Bell, Angela Maureen. "Councils' use of the RMA and LGA in coastal development decisions : towards sustainability : a thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Resource and Environment Planning at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1346.
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The Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA) gave councils a mandate and an obligation to promote sustainability. Along with this it also introduced an expectation that the environment will be better managed than previously. Evidence shows that the environment is continuing to be degraded. This is especially evident in the coastal environment where in the early 2000s there has been unprecedented development pressure. The addition of the Local Government Act in 2002 (LGA) has strengthened councils’ sustainability mandate by stipulating a sustainable development approach and supporting processes and principles. Because the RMA and LGA have a similar sustainability directive there has been a push to utilise the compatible strengths that the LGA offers to enhance the outcomes achieved through RMA decisions, therefore, integrating and aligning the LGA and RMA. This research used case studies, including interviews, to examine how councils use their RMA and LGA mandates in coastal development decisions. The research found that currently there is little integration of the LGA’s requirements and sustainability direction in RMA coastal subdivision decisions. The case study analysis showed that using the principles and processes in the LGA and also a council’s policies, strategies, and plans other than RMA documents would provide up to date policy direction and contextual information that would be useful for RMA decisions and could provide a more sustainable outcome if used. The case studies identified a significant number of barriers to achieving sustainability through the RMA, including that much of the policy direction in RMA planning documents is not considered in deliberations. A number of these barriers are also likely to reduce attempts to integrate and align the LGA and RMA, unless they are addressed.
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Marinho, Kleber Maia. "In The President We Trust: uma análise da concepção religiosa na esfera política dos EUA presente nos discursos de George W. Bush." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2006. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1988.
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Previous issue date: 2006-06-22<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>As a whole, the present dissertation lies at the intersection between religion and politics. Religion was embedded in the political scenario of the US at the onset of the nation and, since then, religion and politics have been intertwined into a complex system of coexistence that has strongly influenced the country s destiny. Although the debate regarding the amalgam between religion and politics in the US has been ongoing among the most diverse sectors of information and research, both locally and internationally, it was after the inauguration of George W. Bush and the attacks on 9/11, that such issue gained global repercussion, at a level never before seen in history.
In this regard, the present work intends to analyze the relation of historical-cultural, sociological and psychological facts on the political-religious events, particularly those related to the international political scenario, which is hereby represented by the US. Thus, the subject of this investigation focuses on analyzing the presence of religious concepts as found in the speeches of President George W. Bush, during his two terms in office.
More specifically, this dissertation examines the phenomena that are deeply rooted in the culture of the United States and have played a key role in supporting Bush s political actions. In this way, it evaluates the degree to which the events on 9/11 served as a bulwark for the religious rhetoric in Bush s discourse and became a tool to legitimate the war against Iraq, his political modus operandi and, ultimately, lead him to reelection.
It is therefore concluded that, the ethical, moral and religious factors, deeply set in the culture of the United States throughout its history, together with the trauma caused by the events on 9/11, contributed to the acceptance of Bush s political decisions. The theoretical basis for the work is the hermeneutic methodology, built on a theoretical and bibliographic tripartite design that is sociological, philosophical-linguistic as well as psychological. The first line of investigation is based on the concept of Civil Religion, first developed by Robert Bellah and later expanded by other theoreticians; the second one follows Chaïm Perelman s theory of the New Rhetoric, and the third rests on C. G. Jung s Archetype.<br>Em termos gerais, a presente dissertação localiza-se na confluência da religião com a política. A inserção da religião na esfera política dos EUA fez-se presente desde o início de sua fundação e desde então, ambas permaneceram imbricadas constituindo um complexo sistema de convívio, cuja influência foi determinante nos desígnios da nação. Embora o debate acerca do amálgama entre religião e política nos EUA nunca ter cessado entre os mais diferentes setores de informação e pesquisa na sociedade nacional e internacional, foi, todavia, a partir da posse de George W. Bush e, após os atentados de 11 de setembro, que tal assunto ganhou repercussão mundial como talvez jamais antes na história.
Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho tem como propósito analisar os fatos histórico-culturais, sociológicos e psicológicos na análise de eventos político-religiosos, mais precisamente, relativos à política internacional representada aqui pelos EUA. Por essa via, o objeto de investigação em questão refere-se à análise da presença da concepção religiosa encontrada nos discursos do presidente George W. Bush durante o período de seus dois mandatos de governo.
Em termos específicos, esta dissertação debruçou-se sobre o estudo de fenômenos arraigados na cultura estadunidense que foram preponderantes na sustentação da política de Bush. Assim, buscou-se avaliar até que ponto o 11 de setembro serviu de ênfase na retórica religiosa do discurso de Bush, servindo de meio instrumentário para legitimar a guerra no Iraque, seu modus operandi político e, eventualmente, ajudá-lo na reeleição.
Concluímos que fatores ético-morais e religiosos profundamente incutidos na cultura estadunidense ao longo do processo histórico, aliados ao trauma do 11 de setembro, foram facilitadores para a adesão à política de Bush. Para tanto, valemo-nos, como procedimento teórico, da metodologia hermenêutica, construída em cima de uma linha teórico-bibliográfica ancorada por três frentes: sociológica, filosófico-lingüística e psicológica. A primeira embasa-se no conceito de Religião Civil inicialmente desenvolvida por Robert Bellah e, depois, ampliada por outros teóricos; a segunda pauta-se na teoria da Nova Retórica de Chaïm Perelman e a última, no conceito de Arquétipo de C. G. Jung.
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Nogueira, Leila de Mello Yañez. "Estabilidade versus flexibilidade: a dicotomia necessária à inovação na gestão de recursos humanos em uma organização pública, estatal eestratégica como Bio-Manguinhos / Fiocruz." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2009. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/2500.
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Previous issue date: 2009<br>Este trabalho propõe analisar o fenômeno da terceirização desenvolvido ao longo das duas últimas décadas em Bio-Manguinhos. Trata-se de um estudo de caso realizado na unidade de produção de vacinas e reagentes para diagnóstico da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Inicialmente foi realizado um estudo de cenário, analisando a política de gestão do trabalho desenvolvida pelo Estado brasileiro para as instituições públicas. A seguir, a análise passou a verificar a inserção da Fiocruz nessas políticas, desde a sua criação e no decorrer de vigência de diferentes formas de contratação, alternando da extrema rigidez para a total flexibilidade sempre com foco na gestão do trabalho, e, como essas políticas se refletiram no desempenho de Bio-Manguinhos. Baseado no contexto da conformação do Estado e na análise do desempenho da unidade, o trabalho critica a falta de planejamento e de prospecção dessas políticas, que favoreça a inovação de processos, produtos e procedimentos e o desempenho pleno de uma unidade de produção de insumos para a saúde, tão necessários ao atendimento das necessidades da população brasileira. Critica também, a ausência de um modelo de Estado consolidado que sirva de arcabouço à formulação dessas políticas. Devido às fortes críticas dos órgãos de controle acerca da extrapolação dos limites da terceirização praticada nas últimas duas décadas e à falta de definição clara desses marcos legais, o trabalho apresenta uma metodologia baseada nas atribuições dos cargos do plano de carreiras da Fiocruz e culmina com a apresentação de uma matriz de atribuições passíveis de serem realizadas por contratação indireta. Conclui pela necessidade de convivência de dois quadros de trabalhadores: um permanente formado por servidores, estáveis e de carreira e outro flexível, executado por contratação indireta, de caráter eventual, temporário ou de apoio às atividades relacionadas à missão de Bio-Manguinhos. O trabalho ainda sugere a aplicação da mesma metodologia às demais unidades da Fiocruz e que a instituição afirme, frente aos órgãos de controle, quais atividades que ela precisa manter no quadro de servidores permanente e quais ela quer delegar a terceiros sem contudo, ferir a legislação vigente. Por fim, constata-se que a metodologia apresentada ameniza, mas não resolve o problema, dessa forma, recomenda-se à Fiocruz buscar mecanismos que altere o modelo de gestão pelo qual está submetida a fim de viabilizar as duas formas de incorporação de mão-de-obra.
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Morgan, Kirsty Kate. "The legalisation and regulation of online gambling in South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6092.
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Zhang, Shuoxun. "Essays on Banks' and Consumers' Behavior in the Presence of Government as the Credit Insurer of Last Resort." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/150933.
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My dissertation investigates the behavior of consumers and banks in the presence of government as the credit insurer of last resort. Consumers have an option to file
for bankruptcy under law when there are unexpected adverse shocks, while banks, especially large banks, are supported by the government during financial crisis because of systemic risk. I explore the heterogeneous behavior among consumers and banks with adverse shocks.
In the first chapter of my dissertation, my inquiry focuses on the heterogeneous behavior of households in filing for bankruptcy. In the literature, there are two theories in explaining personal bankruptcy: adverse event theory and strategic timing theory. Fay, Hurst and White(FHW) 2002(AER) include both financial benefit and adverse event variables in explaining the bankruptcy decision, and they find only financial benefit from filing is significant in explaining whether to file or not. Our argument is that adverse events may not work directly on bankruptcy decisions, however, they operate by running a higher amount of debt. Thus FHW's setting may not be appropriate. Instead, adverse event consumers' debt occurs after adverse events, while strategic timing consumers' debt decision and bankruptcy decision are jointly determined, which means their debt or financial benefit is endogenous; thus we propose that the endogeneity test of financial benefit is a way to distinguish the two types of consumers. Assuming only one type exists in the sample, we find support for adverse event theory. Extending the analysis to allow for both adverse events and strategic timing consumers shows existence of both types of filers, and strategic timing filers are more sensitive to financial benefit. Additionally, lower access to debt markets and lower income significantly increase the chance of strategic behavior.
The second part of my dissertation is to study the effectiveness of the Troubled Asset Relief Program(TARP) on banks' loan to asset ratio. One of the fundamental objectives of the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) is to stimulate bank loan growth. I use panel data to study the dynamic effect of TARP investments on banks' loan to asset ratio (LTA). I find that TARP stimulate recipients' LTA growth as a whole, and the effect is significant only for medium banks(asset between 1 billion and 10 billion), with an annual decrease of 14 percentage points in LTA with the LTA in treatment quarter as benchmark. In terms of a dollar amount, 7.71 dollar more loans are generated for every TARP dollar invested in medium banks, compared with the average level of the quarters before TARP. There is no significant effect on small banks or big banks. Using graphs and different regression models, I argue that the dynamic setting, rather than the cross-sectional comparison, is more appropriate.
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Agger, Helen O. "Interaction between government officials and Native people, past and present." 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/790.
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Primary factors which influenced interactions between Native people and government officials began with the emergence of British mercantilism, capitalism, and colonialism. A conjunction of these economic and political variables with beliefs about racial superiority, a perceived mission to convert all non-Christians to Christianity, and conclusions based on studies by social Darwinians and eugenicists resulted in behavioral modes characterized by paternalism toward, fear of, or hatred against the Native people. These negative behaviors became reinforced by Native people's responses, that is, secondary factors, as they attempted to cope with the changing milieu. Policies formulated by government officials, reflecting the values of the dominant culture of which they are the product, have largely failed to protect the interests of Native people. Examples of this negligence on the part of officials appeared in the events which surrounded the hydro-electric power project of northern Manitoba.
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Lin, Chi-home, and 林志鴻. "The research for Non-Government Organization of Kaohsiung City on development present situation." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37015211553502233385.
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碩士<br>義守大學<br>管理研究所碩士班<br>93<br>It is important that NGO development vigorously at progress society, it could to represent a country people that citizen morals and quality levels were relative promotion. Because it only develop after a certain degree of the citizen society then the NGO consequently produce. In globalization time’s tendency now, the various countries that domestic and international public affairs no longer act by the government department, the role that making profit department of the enterprise and the third sector are important day by day.
The Taiwan NGO was development vigorously, it become an emerging force to participate in society public affairs. At this organization become healthy, it is important topic currently that the correlation department of government and the NGO must to think about how to integrate with the experience property of NGO effectively, expand their scope of service, develop the essence diplomacy，and sell the Taiwan experience. Therefore，this research object is the NGO in the Kaohsiung City, we do the investigation of the NGO in the Kaohsiung City gradually and arrangement the data, through the depth interview of quality research, we explain detail that developmental course for the NGO in the Kaohsiung City. We try to discover the organization that advantageous future development of the NGO in the Kaohsiung City, and make localization for the NGO in the Kaohsiung City in future direction, we expect to push the Kaohsiung City for the international stage together, and it is an important mission in the NGO developmental tendency.
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LIU, XUAN-ZHE, and 劉玄哲. "A study on the present grants-in-aid program in Taiwan provincial government." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98776375045182926902.
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Carvalho, Marco António Dias. "Uma Visão do Poder Local em Portugal: Presente e Futuro." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/92755.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Direito apresentada à Faculdade de Direito<br>O poder local tem sido um tema recorrente nos recentes anos em Portugal, tendo sofrido várias mutações, sendo que nenhuma delas marca positivamente se as enquadrarmos numa perspetiva de evolução do regime local. Falamos, portanto, da reforma administrativa local iniciada em 2011, promovida pelo resgate financeiro, e do movimento legislativo de2018/2019, em que ambos promoveram alterações nos diplomas nucleares conformadores.No entanto, ainda que possamos admitir alguma urgência, ambas as reformas desiludiram naquilo que era a expectativa que putativamente se poderia imputar a cada uma no momento em que partem para o processo reformista. E, no fundo, esse tem sido um estado de alma quanto ao poder local nas últimas décadas – uma eterna ilusão de espera messiânica pelo momento em que, realmente, a diferença se fará, de uma vez por todas, e de forma profunda, sem medos nem amarras, sem populismos ou dores partidárias. Posto isto, este trabalho aflora essas alterações, bem como o enquadramento principal atual no que diz respeito às autarquias locais, e ainda de outras entidades que gravitam à volta dela se que representam uma parte importante de todo o conjunto administrativo local, mesmo que não autárquico no sentido constitucional do conceito. No final, depois de vistas todas estas ocorrências, faremos uma reflexão daquilo que, na nossa opinião, tem falhado ou estado aquém, além de apresentarmos a nossa visão daquilo que poderia configurar o novo poder local português. Em suma, indiretamente, pretendemos fazer uma homenagem à importância do poder local na democracia em geral, mas também no desenvolvimento concreto das populações.<br>Local government has been a recurring theme in Portugal’s recent years, having undergone several mutations, none of which with a positive impact if fitted in the general perspective of legal status evolution. We are therefore talking about the local administrative reform initiated in 2011, urged by the financial rescue, and the legislative movement of2018/2019, in which both promoted changes in the conforming nuclear diplomas.However, although we can admit some urgency, both reforms disappointed in what was the expectation that could be putatively attributed to each one in the moment when they beginthe reformist process. And, deep down, this has been a state of mind regarding local government in recent decades - an eternal illusion of messianic waiting for the moment when, really, the difference can be made, once and for all, with the required depth, without fears or bonds, without populism or political pain. That said, this work approaches these changes, as well as the current main framework with regard to local authorities, and even other entities that gravitate around them and that represent an important part of the entire local administrative set, even if not catalogued in the constitutional sense of the local authority concept. In the end, after seeing all these occurrences, we will reflect on what, in our opinion, has failed or fallen short, in addition to presenting our vision of what could shape the new portuguese local government. In short, indirectly, we intend to pay homage to the general importance of local government in democracy, but also in the concrete development of populations.
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Pinto, Eduardo João Baltazar Vera-Cruz. "The Lusoponte Concession : case study : net present value of government transfers and risk allocation analysis." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/9015.
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Purpose:
The aim of this paper is to present a case-study on the Lusoponte Concession providing an analysis of the evolution of risk allocation and Net Present Value of Government Transfers. Since the 90’s, Portugal has been experiencing an increase in the number of PPP contracts. Road concessions compose a large percentage of this number and the Lusoponte Concession among them, has been a source of concern by the government. Successive Financial Rebalance Agreements, calculation of direct compensations, use of the Base Case, Imbalance in negotiating positions and evolution of the risk allocation are some of the reasons for a further analysis of this concession.
Methodology:
This paper is structured in two major categories: 1. description of the concession contract and the Finance Rebalance Agreements and 2. analysis of the NPV of Government Transfers and Evolution of Risk Allocation.
Findings:
This paper concludes that due to the first alterations to the initial contract (increase in toll fares and non-payment of toll fares in August) there is a strong imbalance in the current risk allocation in the Lusoponte Concession and that the government is currently the largest contributor to the financing of the project through the Direct and Indirect compensations it granted to Lusoponte.
Limitations:
The conclusions of this paper are based on Reports by Tribunal de Contas that lack data and explanations that would enrich the analysis of risk allocation and NPV of government transfers. The extinction of the GATTEL is also a lost source of information regarding the Lusoponte Concession.
Originality/Value:
This paper contains a further analysis of the risk allocation of the most recent FRA (FRA VI – 2008) and a detailed explanation of the Lusoponte Case, namely the Financial Rebalance Agreements. It also provides a comparison of the NPV of government transfers to the initial funding of the construction of Ponte Casco da Gama which provides original conclusions on the governments’ role in this concession.
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(ANC), African National Congress. "Gender paper to be presented to the ANC Policy Conference 2012: discussion document." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/68675.
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This document is informed by the struggles of women in the fight against colonialism and apartheid which were also encapsulated in the Women’s Charter of 1954. The discussion is also premised on the charter that women drew up in 1993, prior to the 1994 elections. Our Constitution, in its quest to protect and promote gender equality in South Africa, drew largely from these documents.