Journal articles on the topic 'Government Hut'
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1
Schepers, Stefan. "Réflexions sur l'administration intermédiaire." Res Publica 28, no. 1 (March 31, 1986): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v28i1.19196.
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Widespread consideration of the role of the public sector was bound to develop in a society confronted by a serious economic crisis.The reforms of local government carried out in the 60s and 70s have not led to the strengthening of local authorities and their means, as claimed deceptively in politica! speeches, hut towards more influence by central government on these authorities and ultimately to its increased power over the administration of society.There is not doubt that the state in its diligence to run almost everything is not only failing in its task of governing hut is also putting society at risk. The administrations which come under the intermediary authorities could form a useful counterforce against the ever present invasion of the state.For reason of its reduced capabilities local government shows the first virtue of not being able to claim hegemony, but also of being an instrument close to the citizen and his control. Furthermore it could manage many tasks in the best way.
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Gaikwad, Anand. "A Report on “Chaitanya Krishi” Homa Organic Farming for Sustainability and Climate Change Adaptation." Asian Agri-History 22, no. 1 (January 17, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/aah/2018/v22i1/18301.
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The methodology of organic farming called the “Chaitanya Krishi” based on Vedic Sciences (Homa organic farming) was adapted and got further evolved at the farm situated on the bank of river Barvi at Dahagaon village, Kalyan, Thane district, Maharashtra State, India. We started organic farming since 1998 and started getting third party certification as an organic farm since 2009. In August 2014, we received a prestigious award of, “Krishibhushan Sendriya Sheti-2013” for Organic Farming from the Maharashtra State Government. [**The Resonance Point created at the farm consists of a grid of 10 copper pyramids. Four are installed in Agnihotra Hut, other four in East, West, North, South of Agnihotra Hut on the periphery of the farm, and two in Tryambakam Hut. A grid of ten copper pyramids thus created can cover an area of about 200 acres (about 80 ha)].
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Taylor, Claire E., Jung-Sook Lee, and William R. Davie. "Local Press Coverage of Environmental Conflict." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 77, no. 1 (March 2000): 175–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769900007700113.
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An examination of 600 items in the local press coverage of environmental conflict during a ten-year period showed that a community daily in a small, hut heterogeneous system (1) did indeed favor government/industry sources rather than activists/citizens through all five stages of the conflict; (2) supported local industry in editorials and staff opinion columns in only two stages (Mobilization and Confrontation); and (3) legitimized local industry and marginalized its opponents through all five stages.
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Bandeirinha, José António, and Rui Aristides Lebre. "The need for Shelter Laugier, Ledoux, and Enlightenment’s shadows." Sophia Journal 5, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-8976_2019-0005_0001_05.
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The scope of this text is to think about how the human need for shelter began to appear as a foundational allegory for the discipline of architecture in the early modern age (XVIII - XIX), particularly in Laugier’s “Primitive Hut” of 1753 and Ledoux’s “L’Abri du Pauvre” of 1804.
At roughly the same periods as these architects were investing the discipline with a new existential calling, new European visions of society, its organization and constraints were exploding the imaginary and concrete limits of the European polity which, at the time, was a planetary polity. Between Rousseau’s social contract, Kant’s Republic, Hegel’s “state,” among many other visions spanning from 1753 to 1804, Europe’s subjects, government and power, and their respective relationships, were structurally changed.
Assembled in the same picture, these allegories and visions give us many possibilities of reflection about architecture’s new position and role within the political in the modern age. On the other hand, it may help us reflect on what architecture articulates in the outbreak of new social contexts. Heeding Walter Benjamin, we propose to take control of these memories, disparate and synchronic as they might “really have been,” to ask in a moment of danger: why doesn’t architecture shelter today? How can we read that foundational calling today?
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Zulkarmain, Luthfi. "Analisis Mutu (Input Proses Output) Pendidikan di Lembaga Pendidikan MTs Assalam Kota Mataram Nusa Tenggara Barat." MANAZHIM 3, no. 1 (February 27, 2021): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36088/manazhim.v3i1.946.
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The role of the principal in managing an educational institution must be able to think about three important things, namely Input-Process-Output, these three things must be managed optimally to get quality and quality grades. Teachers and students are an important part of educational institutions. So from that the principal needs to streamline the process of all existing programs. The MTs Assalam educational institution, Mataram City, NTB is a relatively new educational institution because it officially became an educational institution legally in 2019, but students and students there have shown enthusiasm and high motivation to learn whether it is in implementing programs implemented in Islamic boarding schools or at schools They are also active in several extra activities such as tahfidz, student council, scouting, silat and recitation, the policy that is implemented is that it requires all students and students to live in the hut and free food and housing fees. This study aims to analyze in depth the quality and quality (input, process, and output) that exist in the MTs Assalam educational institution, Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological research type. The research instruments used were documentation and observation, data analysis used in this study was data reduction, data presentation and data verification. The results showed that the system of quality development process and the quality of students there is by compulsory boarding and following the rules of the boarding school, collaborating with lodges, collaborating with the community, holding recitations for the community, always coordinating with the santri guardians and building a network of partners with offices - government offices.
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Fita, Gia Ayu, Ahmad Amiruddin, and Aco Nata Saputra. "Weak Alertness Between The Central Government and Local Governments in Handling Crisis." International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.51601/ijersc.v2i1.41.
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At the end of 2019, the world is being hit by a pandemic worrying for humanity. Covid-19 first appeared in the city of Wuhan, China, and spread massively throughout the world afterwards. WHO has designated Covid-19 as a pandemic that is difficult to control as of March 11, 2020. As of April 2020, there have been more than 2 million cases of people in the world infected with Covid-19, and 195 thousand people died at that time. In Indonesia itself, the government has taken preventive measures to respond and prevent the virus's spread. The response of the government, especially local governments in Indonesia, is very diverse. Judging from the local government's readiness, some have responded slowly and underestimated this pandemic's emergence. Therefore, in this paper, the state's readiness, especially local governments, will be highlighted in facing a crisis (pandemic) from the aspects of risk, impact, and mitigation to the community itself.
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Wilton, Janis. "Belongings: Oral History, Objects and an Online Exhibition." Public History Review 16 (November 8, 2009): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/phrj.v16i0.845.
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The New South Wales Migration Heritage Centre was established in 1998. Since 2003 its physical presence has been located within Sydney’s Powerhouse Museum and it has had the strategic brief to record the memories of ageing migrants before their stories are lost. The Centre is, however, a museum without a collection; a heritage authority without heritage sites; a cultural institution whose main presence is in cyberspace. Among its high profile projects is one entitled Objects through time and another Belongings. Both focus on the ways in which objects can convey aspects of the migration experience. Belongings, the focus of this article, presents the remembered experiences of people who migrated to Australia after World War II, and seeks to highlight significant features of their experiences through asking them to share their memories and to nominate and talk about significant objects. As a project it grew out of movable heritage policy work within state government agencies, and its initiators – John Petersen, Kylie Winkworth and Meredith Walker – were central players in this development. It was also inspired by the National Quilt Register of the Pioneer Women’s Hut at Tumbarumba.
With its object-centred approach and accompanying edited interview transcripts, Belongings provides a focus for exploring the messages and emphases that emerge when oral history interviews concerned with migration have the specific brief to ask about material culture and its significance. Belongings also enables an exploration of the layering of those messages that emerges when object captions are located back in the context of the oral history interviews from which they were extracted. As a virtual exhibition, Belongings also provides the opportunity to consider the challenges for museums (virtual and real) when they need to condense the richness of migrant oral histories and life stories to captioned objects that can be put on display.
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Rybalko, Natalia. "Great Perm Governance in the Late 16th – Early 17th Century: From Administrators to Voivodes." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 5 (December 2020): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2020.5.9.
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Introduction. Great Perm (Perm Velikaya) in the late 16th – early 17th centuries included Cherdyn, Solikamsk and Kaigorod districts. It was an important strategic region. Taxes from this region entered the royal treasury almost regularly, while the central part of the state was devastated by military operations during the Time of Troubles. The region provided communication with Siberia, its annexation and development. Historiography is dominated by the opinion that the institution of voivodeship was introduced in Great Perm in the late 16th century. Methods and materials. The research is based on the documents of the archive of the Solikamsk district court, which currently constitute the collection of the fund No. 122 “Acts of Solikamsk” of the Archive of the St. Petersburg Institute of History of the Russian Academy of Sciences for the period from 1605 to 1613. The documentary complex was previously reconstructed using the principle of mutual correspondence of documents. The prosopography method was applied to study the biographies of clerks. Analysis. The article analyzes the argumentation of researchers on the problem when the institute of voivodeship was introduced in Great Perm. The fundamental documents of the late 16th century have been revealed. It is proved that they do not contain information about the voivodeship form of government. The list of administrators and clerks of the late 16th century – early 17th century has been restored. The beginning and end of their service are indicated. Results. There was no voivodeship position in Great Perm until 1609. An administrator and a clerk were appointed to the clerk hut from Moscow. The change of administration took place on average every 2 years. The institute of voivodeship was introduced in Great Perm in 1610. The first voivode of Great Perm was Ivan Ivanovich Chemodanov. The administrators who replaced him also served as voivodes. The control system in Great Perm was strengthened by 1613.
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McCracken, John. "Coercion and Control in Nyasaland: Aspects of the History of a Colonial Police Force." Journal of African History 27, no. 1 (March 1986): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700029236.
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This article examines the changing function of the Nyasaland police force between the 1890s and 1962. Initially, the police consisted of small groups of armed ex-soldiers, totally untrained in conventional police duties and employed by district officers in pressing labour and enforcing the payment of hut tax. In 1920, however, the authorities responded to the threat seemingly posed by the emergence of ‘dangerous classes’ – particularly labour migrants returned from the south – by forming a trained, centralized force, commanded in the Shire Highlands, though not elsewhere, by European police-officers. In the reorganized districts the police succeeded in protecting urban property. But so limited was the size of the force that the prevention and detection of crime was hardly attempted over the greater part of the country, while campaigns such as that against the Mchape witchcraft eradication movement foundered in the face of popular opposition.Substantial changes began in the mid-1940s in response to urbanization and the increasing complexity of police duties, coming to a climax in the 1950s as the colonial government struggled to maintain authority. At first the emphasis was on raising educational standards and improving conditions of service. But following the crisis of 1953, it switched to expanding police numbers and increasing the coercive power of the force; this process was accelerated in the aftermath of the 1959 emergency.Recruitment policies were influenced by the technical requirements of the authorities and by the ethnic stereotypes they evolved – a combination which resulted in the recruitment of a disproportionate number of Yao policemen in the first few decades and of more Lomwe and Chewa later. Policemen were attracted less by the rates of pay than by the privileges on offer. An inner corps of policemen spent their lives upholding colonial authority, but most could not be placed in a distinctive category of ‘collaborator’.
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Bahl, R. W., and S. Nath. "Public Expenditure Decentralization in Developing Countries." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 4, no. 4 (December 1986): 405–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c040405.
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The objective of this paper is to investigate the extent of public expenditure decentralization among developing countries, and to identify its determinants. Using data compiled from international agency sources, and from primary sources, it is shown that fiscal decentralization has gone significantly farther in developed than in developing countries. The use of factor analysis and regression analysis indicates three general explanations for the wide variation in fiscal decentralization among countries. The public expenditure share of subnational governments appears to be greater where the level of economic development is higher, in countries with larger populations, and in countries whose central government budgets carry less of a defense burden. The results also suggest that where central governments mobilize more resources through the revenue system, the subnational government's share of expenditures may be lower—taxes are more likely to stick where they hit than to be passed through as grants to local governments.
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Salomonson, Timon Bo, and David Criekemans. "België, Vlaanderen en multilaterale fora : De samenwerking en het gegenereerde imago in de Wereldhandelsorganisatie en de Raad van Europa." Res Publica 43, no. 1 (March 31, 2001): 147–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v43i1.18516.
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This article tries to answer two questions : 1) How does the cooperation between the Belgian (federal) and Flemish (regional) government work within the field of multilateral policy ?; 2) How is the multilateral policy of the Belgian federation and the Flemish government received at the multilateral level (especially within the CoE en the WTO) ? The Belgian constitution has foreseen a system in which all governments (federal en regional) are equal. This has important consequences for Belgian delegations in multilateral fora : in 'mixed' dossiers, no government has decisive power. Thus, all Belgian governments are objective allies in guarding the externally projected image of the federation. Nevertheless, this seems to be a 'grey area' in the cooperation among the various Belgian governments.
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Ford, Robert C., and Keenan D. Yoho. "The government’s role in creating an innovation ecosystem: the Springfield Armory as hub in the Connecticut River Valley." Journal of Management History 26, no. 4 (June 30, 2020): 557–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmh-02-2020-0016.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to illustrate, through the example of the Springfield Armory and its role in the development of interchangeable parts, the critical role of government in establishing a cluster of organizations that evolved into an innovation ecosystem primarily located in the Connecticut River Valley in the 1800s. Using the Springfield Armory example, we use the related but largely unjoined concepts of ecosystem and networks to show that these organizational forms are effective in driving innovation. Design/methodology/approach The design uses an in-depth analysis of the role of the Springfield Armory to explicate the joining of network and ecosystem theory as an early example of the importance of governmental funding and support for innovation. Findings The development of interchangeable parts in the American arms industry in the 19th century transformed manufacturing worldwide. At the heart of this transformation was the network of arms makers that developed in the Connecticut River Valley as a direct result of US Government investment and support. This network of arms makers evolved into an ecosystem of mutually reinforcing relationships as machine tool manufacturers benefited from an environment of free-flowing intellectual property, information and growing governmental demand for arms. The Armory illustrates the government’s role in initiating and sustaining clusters of innovation that otherwise might not have developed as quickly. Originality/value Much of the research on the role of government in creating innovation ecosystems and organizational networks is based on modern organizations. This use of the Springfield Armory in the early 1800s broadens the knowledge on how innovation ecosystems in conjunction with networked organizations can be created by governments serving the public good.
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Zhou, Li Jun. "Government Microblogs: Innovative Approaches for E-Government." Applied Mechanics and Materials 631-632 (September 2014): 1186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.631-632.1186.
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As one of the typical social media categories, microblogs have become the hot vehicle for online communication and interaction since 2006. Not only individuals, but also organizations are all fascinated to open their own microblogs. Government microblogs launched by Chinese governmental agencies have showed the blowout development since 2011. These microblogs devote to release public information, guide public opinions, promote government and place images and fulfill administrative transparency. This paper will introduce the development of government microblogs in China and articulate suggestions for effective utilization of government microblogs as a vehicle for e-government.
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Takeyasu, Marina, Haisong Nie, Dawei Gao, and Chuangbin Chen. "Local Action for Realizing Sustainable Society: A Survey of Japanese "Futurecity" Initiative." International Journal of Agriculture System 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/ijas.v6i2.394.
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To convert a society to a sustainable system, attempts are required not only at international and governmental levels, but also at regional levels. It is necessary to challenge multiple issues through cooperation among various actors, such as national governments, local governments, private enterprises and residents. In Japan, one of the initiatives to achieve “the sustainable” at regional level is the “FutureCity” initiative. This is a part of National Strategic Projects in “New Growth Strategy”, which Japanese government introduced in 2010. The purpose of the “Futurecity” initiative is to create the capacity in cities to deal with environmental issues and problems of aging society, as well as establishing sustainable socioeconomic system with environmental aspects, social aspects and economic aspects. Japanese government selected, as the “FutureCity”, the five cities (Yokohama city, Shimokawa town, Kashiwa city, Toyama city and Kitakyusyu city) for making pioneering effort on these challenges, and the six cities that were hit by the Great East Japan Earthquake and great Tsunami in 2011. This “Future city” is expected to provide model solution of human common issues as a forerunner. The object of this research is to define the current situations and problems of the “FutureCity” initiative, through a case study on Yokohama city in Kanagawa prefecture, which is characterized as a big city in Japan. Here, we examined how Yokohama city is tackling the environmental issues and problems of aging society as the “FutureCity” and what problems it has in maintaining their initiative itself as a local government. In addition, we considered how, at international level, Japanese “FutureCity” initiative can contribute to realizing sustainable society
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Li, Hsin Chi, Ko Fei Liu, and Yu Charn Hsu. "Loss Curve Analysis of a Debris Flow: A Case Study on the Daniao Tribe." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 1499–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.1499.
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The post-disaster recovery from a debris flow imposes a heavy financial burden on a government; thus, it is necessary for governmental agencies use their limited resources effectively. In this study, we focus on the loss curve assessment, the framework of which includes hazard simulation, exposure evaluation and loss assessment. A numerical program named DEBRIS-2D is used to simulate debris flow hazards of different scale. Then, the latest land usage data and the economic loss model are factored in for exposure and loss assessment. In August 2009, Typhoon Morakot hit Taiwan and horrendous disasters resulted, including large-scale landslides and debris flows. The Daniao tribe in Taitung in eastern Taiwan was hit by one of these debris flows, with a debris-flow volume in excess of 500,000 m3, which was beyond the scope of any recovery plan. We simulate the hazards of the debris flow in different volumes and build the loss curve in relation. Notably, the practice of assessing damage caused by such disasters can help in assessing possible losses before they occur, thus allowing governments to take the necessary precautionary measures.
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Chukwuemeka, Emma, and Alexander Aniche. "Perennial War between the three tiers of Government in Nigeria: The Revenue Sharing Question Re-examined." Issues in Social Science 4, no. 2 (December 22, 2016): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/iss.v4i2.10491.
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<p>The relation between the three tiers of government in Nigeria has been problematic over the years. Several commissions and committees have been set and recommendations proffered, but up till today there is still fiscal conflict among the tiers of government. The local government being the third tier of government is the worst hit and this has resulted to inability of the local government to carry out its statutory functions effectively. It is in view of this that this study examined inter-governmental relation and the performance of local government in Nigeria. The study adopted survey design, specifically descriptive research was adopted. Data was collected using questionnaire, focus group discussion. Secondary data was generated from government records and Central Bank of Nigeria. The findings revealed among other things that inter-governmental relation has to an extent helped to reduce tension among the three tiers of government in Nigeria. Also the imperfection of 1999 constitution has hampered fiscal relation in the three tiers of government in Nigeria. The study recommended among other things that effort should be made to ensure that all tiers of government adhere to fiscal transparency, accountability and constitutional provisions on fiscal relations.</p>
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Gwynne, Peter. "Science hit by US government crisis." Physics World 26, no. 11 (November 2013): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/26/11/12.
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Reinhardt, Peter. "Regulatory hot topics from government relations." Journal of Chemical Health and Safety 20, no. 3 (May 2013): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchas.2013.03.462.
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Van Driessche, Frank, and Astrid Heyndels. "De samenstelling van de regering en het Belgische belastingbeleid : Een empirisch onderzoek over de periode 1965-1995." Res Publica 41, no. 1 (March 31, 1999): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v41i1.18535.
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We analyse whether Belgian (federal) tax policy over the period 1965-1995 was affected by the ideological position of the government. Both the level and composition of taxation are considered. We find no significant ideological effect on the level of the tax burden. The burden has increased systematically over most of the period, irrespective of the ideology of the incumbent. Considering individual tax categories, one can find a significant ideological influence for taxes on financial and capital transactions. Under centre-left oriented governments this tax is lowered whereas it increases under centre-right governments. A possible explanation is that centre-left governments try to stimulate households' wealth acquisition by keeping taxes on transactions of immovable properties low.
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Ayambire, Raphael Anammasiya, Jeremy Pittman, and Andrea Olive. "Incentivizing stewardship in a biodiversity hot spot: land managers in the grasslands." FACETS 6 (January 1, 2021): 1307–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2020-0071.
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Federal and provincial governments of Canada recently signed onto a Pan-Canadian Approach to Transforming Species at Risk Conservation. The approach is based on collaboration among jurisdictions and stakeholders to enhance multiple species and ecosystem-based conservation in selected biodiversity hot spots. In this review paper, we focus on one of the biodiversity hot spots—the South of the Divide area in the province of Saskatchewan—to propose appropriate mechanisms to incentivize stewardship on agricultural Crown lands. Through a focused review and synthesis of empirical studies, we propose a range of policy instruments and incentives that can help deliver multi-species at risk conservation on Crown agricultural lands in Saskatchewan. We outline a range of policy instruments and incentives that are relevant to conservation on Crown agricultural lands and argue that a portfolio of options will have the greatest social acceptability. More germane is the need to foster collaboration between the government of Saskatchewan, other provincial/territorial governments, and the federal government, nongovernmental organizations, and land managers. Such collaboration is critical for enhanced decision-making and institutional change that reflects the urgent call for creating awareness of species at risk policies, building trust, and leveraging the local knowledge of land managers for conservation.
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Abdul Manaf, Mohd Rizal, Haliza Abdul Manaf, and Rozita Arifin. "Homeless Management During Movement Control Order Due To COVID-19 Pandemic: Experience from Federal Territory Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia." International Journal of Public Health Research 11, no. 02 (September 1, 2021): 1480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/ijphr.1102.2021.13.
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Malaysia has been hit by COVID-19 pandemic since 2020 and this problem also affects countries around the world. This COVID-19 infection does not distinguish age, gender, educational and financial status. Homeless people are also not exempt from being infected with COVID-19, especially when the government implements the Movement Control Order, particularly these people who have no permanent home. This article describes the activities carried out by the government agencies, especially from the Ministry of Health Malaysia, Department of Social Welfare, National Anti-Drugs Agency, Immigration Department of Malaysia, as well as other non-governmental agencies in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur on homeless people during movement control orders. It is hoped that this shared experience can be a guide to government agencies, non-governmental organizations, private sectors and individuals in other states to manage this underprivileged group, especially during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic
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Thijssen, Peter, and Danny Van Assche. "In het oog, in het hart ? : De Antwerpse districtsraadsverkiezingen en de kloof tussen burger en bestuur." Res Publica 44, no. 4 (December 31, 2002): 523–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v44i4.18433.
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Together with the city council elections, the citizens of Antwerp elected on 8 October 2000 nine district councils. This new decentralised political level is primarily initiated to restore the confidence of the citizens in the city (and district) government(s). By analysing the results of the city and the district elections we try to find indications whether citizens feel closer to their new district governments or not. Apparently district elections resulted neither in a higher voter turn-out, nor in less blank votes. Nevertheless, there is a significant correlation of voter turn-out and blank votes with population (density) of the districts. And although the differences between the electoral results of the city elections and the district elections are not huge, a different political landscape comes more or less into existence in the several districts. Quite surprisingly the number of list votes is higher on the district elections than on the city elections, while we would have expected a higher number of preferential votes. Correctingfor incumbents and famous candidates on the lists, our initial expectations hold much better. Generally spoken, we can conclude that the district elections do not give much proof of a closer connection between the citizens and the city government. Nevertheless we find some important differences between the districts.
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Verhoest, Pascal. "Het Belgische telecommunicatiebeleid : een retrospectieve analyse." Res Publica 40, no. 1 (March 31, 1998): 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v40i1.18566.
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Por the last decade, Belgian telecommunication policy has been characterised by a defensive, and sometimes even obstructive, attitude towards the liberalisation program of the European Commission. This paper analyses this policy on the basis of official governmental and administrative sources, corporate documents and insights gained through frequent contacts with the government and corporate representatives. The aim of this analysis is twofold. Firstly, this paper explains the Belgian attitude towards telecommunication as the result of a highly politicised corporatist national system of decision making. Secondly, this paper assesses this policy in terms of its international performance. By means of conclusion, a number of suggestions are made for a more proactive policy.
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Ietto-Gillies, Grazia. "Is New Labour's "Third Way" new or just hot air in old bottles?" Panoeconomicus 53, no. 2 (2006): 111–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan0602111i.
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The paper discusses the main aims and characteristics of the three Ways in British economics and politics: the First Way refers to the period from after WWII to the mid 1970s; the second Way refers to the Conservative Government period starting from 1979; and the Third Way to the New Labour Government period since 1997. These three Ways are considered in relation to their main characteristics, the policies of the relevant governments and the problems they have encountered. The New Labour policies are analyzed in more details by reference to the case of the National Health Service. The reasons why the New Labour Way is different from the second Way as well as the problems it is facing are highlighted. A discussion of why New Labour has taken the Third Way route follows.
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Gwynne, Peter. "Canadian government hit by ‘anti-science’ accusations." Physics World 26, no. 09 (September 2013): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/26/09/13.
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Prayudi, Prayudi, and Virginia Ayu Sagita. "News Construction of COVID’s Crisis Management of Indonesian Government through Detik.com." Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 19, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/jik.v19i1.4503.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has hit all parts of the world. This led to crises in various governments regarding how the government deals with the effects of this virus. This study aims to analyze the text of the Indonesian government’s crisis communication news in the face of the COVID-19 issue in the online media Detik.com. The research method used is qualitative research with a textual analysis approach. The results showed that Detik.com reports the problem straightforwardly. Detik.com maintains a firm editorial policy and commits to presenting an even-handed and fair view of issues. Detik.com seeks to reveal how the Government responded at the start of the crisis, government policies during the crisis, and how the public responded to government policies. This research shows how online media in Indonesia constructed news on Indonesian government crisis communication in handling the COVID-19 pandemic. The substance of this research contributes in the form of new policy recommendations for online media news leaders to deliver news openly, straightforwardly, and critically that prioritizes social responsibility to the public.
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Saksono, Herie. "Literacy Hub (L-hub): Studi Strategi Literasi Pemerintah Daerah (Studi Kasus di Kota Baubau)." Jurnal Kebijakan Pembangunan 15, no. 1 (June 14, 2020): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47441/jkp.v15i1.124.
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Literacy is still a problem in various regions. The times’ development has also changed the spectrum of literacy, so literacy is not just the ability to read, write, and count. The results of the measurement of various international institutions prove how the condition of literacy has deteriorated. How is the management of literacy carried out by the Government, Regional Government and the community? What should literacy stakeholders do in an effort to develop a cultural literacy? This study aims to describe the condition of literacy in the region, encourage the presence of the Government and Regional Governments to initiate extraordinary agenda of literacy implementation, and provide understanding to the public regarding the availability of public participation space to actualize literacy culture. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach to describe literacy in the area with a case study method in Baubau City. The study concluded the importance of rearranging literacy management in an integrated manner - Central and regional by involving stakeholders in literacy. It is recommended that the Baubau City Government initiate the Literacy Hub (L-Hub) which will be an accelerator of the development of cultural literacy by prioritizing the active role and collaboration between community elements. In addition, it is necessary to create a conducive climate that supports ecosystem literacy and literacy as a lifestyle for the sake of the creation of literate generations that will accelerate the realization of the city of literacy.
Abstrak
Literasi masih menjadi problematika di berbagai daerah. Perkembangan zaman turut merubah spektrum literasi, sehingga literasi tidak sekedar kemampuan membaca, menulis, dan berhitung. Hasil pengukuran berbagai institusi internasional membuktikan betapa terpuruknya kondisi literasi. Bagaimana pengelolaan literasi yang dilakukan Pemerintah, Pemerintah Daerah, dan masyarakat? Apa yang harus dilakukan para pemangku kepentingan literasi dalam upaya mengembangkan budaya literasi? Kajian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kondisi literasi di daerah, mendorong kehadiran Pemerintah dan Pemerintah Daerah untuk menginisiasi extraordinary agendapenyelenggaraan literasi, dan memberi pemahaman kepada masyarakat terkait ketersediaan ruang partisipasi publik untuk mengaktualisasikan budaya literasi. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif untuk mendeskripsikan literasi di daerah dengan metode studi kasus di Kota Baubau. Kajian menyimpulkan pentingnya menata kembali manajemen literasi secara terintegrasi - Pusat dan daerah dengan melibatkan para pemangku kepentingan literasi. Direkomendasikan agar Pemerintah Kota Baubau menginisiasi Literacy Hub(L-Hub) yang akan menjadi akselerator pengembangan budaya literasi dengan mengedepankan peran aktif dan kolaborasi antarelemen masyarakat. Selain itu, diperlukan penciptaan iklim kondusif yang mendukung ekosistem literasi dan pembiasaan berliterasi sebagai gaya hidup demi terciptanya generasi literat yang akan memercepat terwujudnya kota literasi.
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Hertati, Lesi, Wahyudin Zarkasy, Mohammad Adam, Haryono Umar, and Harry Suharman. "Decrease in Labor Levels in the Covid-19 Government Budget." Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting 1, no. 4 (October 30, 2020): 193–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.52728/ijtc.v1i4.131.
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The overall budget of the government affected by covid-19 plays an important role in contributing to the welfare of the people who are being hit by a corona outbreak and more importantly is how the government's focus in determining the composition of the government budget itself. Determination of the composition of the government budget is a strategic plan to achieve the population safety targets of the covid-19 outbreak and at the same time to emphasize the human resource sectors because all residents are required to lockdown. The government budget component is related to the provision of basic food and health assistance in the regions and the provision of basic community needs such as free food and free health. Government budget allocations to the food and health sectors for free encourage an increase in the corona outbreak so that the population death rate decreases more broadly. A small enemy that is not visible to the naked eye but enough to stifle the economy and employment so that development is stalled in all directions, poverty rates increase, economic growth is paralyzed. The government is responsible for the allocated financial allocations for health and food for the residents of their respective countries. The availability of food is influenced by the availability of local government budget in providing government policies. Regions that have better regional income budgets compared to other regions will tend to have high levels of regional income budgets. Government expenditure is closely related to community life processes due to the co-19 pandemic as a result of the government's success in handling co-19 nationally or regionally. This research method is descriptive and verification method, the analysis tool is structural equation modeling (SEM, Lisrel). The results showed that the decline in labor affected the Government Budget Period of the Covid-19.
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Mallucci, Enrico. "Natural Disasters, Climate Change, and Sovereign Risk." International Finance Discussion Paper 2020, no. 1291r1 (October 14, 2020): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/ifdp.2020.1291r1.
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I investigate how natural disasters can exacerbate fiscal vulnerabilities and trigger sovereign defaults. I extend a standard sovereign default model to include disaster risk and calibrate it to a sample of seven Caribbean countries that are frequently hit by hurricanes. I find that disaster risk reduces government's ability to issue debt and that climate change further restricts government's access to financial markets. Next, I show that "disaster clauses", that provide debt-servicing relief, allow governments to borrow more and preserve government's access to financial markets, amid rising risk of disasters. Yet, debt limits may need to be adopted to avoid overborrowing and a decline of welfare.
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Van De Voorde, Aloïs. "Het dramatisch Eerste Ministerschap van Mark Eyskens : een terugblik na twintig jaar." Res Publica 42, no. 4 (December 31, 2000): 429–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v42i4.18520.
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The Christian-democrat/socialist government Martens IV resigned at the end ofMarch 1981, because the socialist party could not agree with an urgency plan to reorganize the public finances. Mark Eyskens, Minister of Finance in that cabinet, put together a new government as soon as April 6 of the same year. He succeeded as Prime Minister while all the other resigning ministers remained in their function. Minister Robert Vandeputte, an extra-parlementarian and honorary governor of the Central Bank, became the new Minister of Finance. Like the preceding governments, the Eyskens cabinet was strongly hampered by deep mistrust between the coalition partners, opposing views between the two communities of Belgium and by disagreements about the way to deal with the socio-economic crisis.The Eyskens cabinet was particularly confronted with the organization of the restructured steelmill Cockerill-Sambre and with the absolute low point of the economic crisis. The budget was strongly affected by the increasing unemployment benefits and the collapse of the fiscal revenues. Due to the continuing protest of the trade unions, Mark Eyskens did not succeed to adapt the automatic wage indexation in order to improve the competitive position ofthe Belgian enterprises. He did however manage to prevent the devaluation of the Belgian franc, which had come under pressure regularly on the financial markets.By the middle of September 1981 the Eyskens government fell as a result of disagreements between the coalition partners about the financing ofthe money loosing steelmill Cockerill-Sambre in Wallonia. Parliamentary elections were advanced to November 8, 1981. The Christiandemocrats lost a considerable number of seats. A Christian-democrat/liberal cabinet, again headed by Wilfried Martens, emerged by mid December. It would carry out a neoliberal policy. Mark Eyskens became the Minister of Economicaffairs in the new government.
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Patton, Marcie J. "The Economic Policies of Turkey's AKP Government: Rabbits from a Hat?" Middle East Journal 60, no. 3 (July 1, 2006): 513–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3751/60.3.15.
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How can we account for the priority that Turkey's "Islam-sensitive" government has placed on adhering to the IMF's prescriptions for macroeconomic stability and fiscal restraint in lieu of its electoral promises to pursue a justice-oriented social agenda and aggressively tackle problems of poverty and unemployment? In this article this question is answered by analyzing the challenges posed by international factors (debt sustainability, pressures by the IMF and the EU), as well as domestic factors (the Justice and Development Party's (AKP) own unpreparedness, oppositional tactics by the secularist establishment) that have shaped the AKP government's economic policies.
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Usanova, Alla L., and Sergei M. Budkeev. "“RED CORNER”: SEMANTIC INTERPRETATIONS IN THE URBAN INTERIOR OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 58 (2020): 278–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2020-58-278-288.
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In the early 1990s, the return of religious consciousness led to a revival of interest in religious culture and norms of behavior. The appearance of icons and holy images in the interior was often accompanied by a violation of ethical standards at their placement. Analysis of a representative space in the domestic urban interior of the first half of the twentieth century in the context of historical processes allows us to determine its artistic significance and to reveal semantic transformations of the concepts “red corner” and “place of honor”. According to patriarchal tradition, home iconostasis, located in the so-called “red” corner (opposite to the entrance of the house), is the center in all respects: sacred, ritual, and artistic — aesthetic. Changes in the way of life, traditions and conditions of urban inhabitants (middle class, urban peasants) in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries are associated with economic and political events in the country. The influx of population into the cities aggravated the housing problem and caused the spread of new forms of mass urban housing: tenement houses, workers' dormitories, while industrial revolution contributed to the erosion of estate boundaries in interior design, subject filling and spatial orientation of dwelling`s representative part. During the anti-religious campaign, the Soviet government massively banished the images of saints from the visible space of a private dwelling, yet, making use of the sacred essence and moral significance of the shrines location, it produced manipulations for changing the meaning: “red corners” are an indispensable attribute of administrative and public interiors and hostels. The phrase “red corner” is filled with a new ideological meaning, whereas the meaning of this memorial space remains its moral and spiritual education connotations. Since the mid-1930s, with the beginning of mass housing construction, stimulation of consumer demand by the state began to shape artistic and everyday traditions in the interior of the Soviet standard dwelling. Spatial organization of the new townsman`s dwelling differed little from interiors of the peasant hut. A visible (front) part of the interior (the front corner), still acted as a semantic center of the dwelling, performing representative functions. However, the object complex (bookcase with books, radiotracks, reproductions of paintings, etc.) located in the visible area begins to represent the level of tenant`s cultural claims, while the decoration (lace and embroidered napkins) emphasizes strengthening of its prestigious status for the dwelling`s interior. Thus, a retrospective analysis of semantic content of the concept of “red corner”, including its historical and artistic context, allows us concluding that the subject-spatial organization of the dwelling not only reflects the person's idea of the world, but serves as a visible indicator of spiritual, moral, ideological and cultural transformations of society.
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Tramer, Karl. "Das Meldewesen hat Vorreiterfunktion für das E-Government." Innovative Verwaltung 29, no. 7-8 (July 2007): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03248801.
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Ume Laila, Najma Sadiq, Tahir Mehmood, and Muhammad Farhan Fiaz. "E-Governance as a Roadmap to Good Governance: A Digital Punjab Perspective." Journal of Accounting and Finance in Emerging Economies 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 905–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jafee.v6i3.1439.
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A new wave of technology hit at the turn of millennium which inspired millions around the world to utilize information technology in their daily lives. Governments have also started taking technological initiatives, as it makes their processes cost and time efficient – but the question remains, does e-governance make the government activities transparent as well? What is the level of accountability in the e-governance mechanism? Innovations in the government processes are flowing easily after the advent of e-governance. Even though there is a huge digital divide between the rural and urban areas of Pakistan, which consequently translates into slower implementation of technological services, in backward areas, the Punjab Information and Technology boards is taking leaps in delivering the public service which spans but is not limited to the health, education and law and order sectors.
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Cantopher, Tim, J. Guy Edwards, and Stefano Olivieri. "The government, the pharmaceutical industry and the economics of psychotropic drug prescribing." Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 3, no. 4 (December 1988): 289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hup.470030410.
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Wils, Lode. "Het officiële taalgebruik in Vlaanderen in de negentiende eeuw." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 67, no. 2 (January 1, 2008): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v67i2.12474.
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De bijdrage van Lode Wils beschrijft de wettelijke regeling van het taalgebruik in het openbaar in het Verenigd Koninkrijk der Nederlanden (1815-1830) en het Koninkrijk België (tot 1900). In tegenstelling tot de dwingende taalregeling sinds 1823, werd in 1830 de vrijheid van taalgebruik ingevoerd voor provincie- en gemeentebesturen, rechters en notarissen. De centrale overheid bevorderde wel het officiële gebruik van het Frans, vooral onder liberale regeringen. Vanaf 1884, onder een katholieke regering, nam het gebruik van het Nederlands toe.Het artikel bevat tevens een kritiek van de sociolinguistische publicaties van Roland Willemyns en zijn team.
________The official use of language in Flanders during the nineteenth centuryThe contribution by Lode Wils describes the legal regulations for the use of language in public in the United Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815-1830) and the Kingdom of Belgium (until 1900). In contradiction to the obligatory language regulation that had been in force from 1823, 1830 saw the introduction of freedom of the use of language for provincial and municipal councils, judges and notaries. However, the central authorities did promote the official use of French, in particular during liberal governments. From 1884 during a Catholic government the use of Dutch increased.The article also includes a critical review of the socio-linguistic publications by Roland Willemyns and his team.
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Zhai, Jiaqi, Xinliang Xu, Jianzhong Xu, and Xichen Lyu. "Research on Green Collaborative Innovation Mechanism of Cloud Manufacturing Enterprises under Government Supervision." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (April 9, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8820791.
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With the rapid development of information technology, the sharing economy based on “Internet plus” cloud platforms has become a new collaborative innovation mode and a hot topic in recent years. Considering that government regulation restricts green innovation cooperation among cloud manufacturing enterprises, an evolutionary game model involving the government and cloud manufacturing enterprises A and B with potential differences in their technology knowledge is established using evolutionary game theory. A replication dynamic equation is established, the evolutionarily stable equilibrium strategy of the three parties is analysed, and the key factors affecting the cooperative selection strategy of the government and cloud manufacturing enterprises are discussed through a MATLAB-based numerical simulation. This research shows that when governmental incentives and punishments, the platform load capacity, the trust between enterprises, the technology loss coefficient, and the informatization degree are increased, the government will tend to choose supervision, and cloud manufacturing enterprises A and B will tend to choose the “collaborative innovation” strategy. These results provide a scientific basis suggesting that the government should not only formulate rules and regulations for cloud manufacturing enterprises but also promote green collaborative innovation among such enterprises and enhance their core competitiveness.
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Boos, Tobias. "Ein Hut, zu viele Köpfe." PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 48, no. 190 (May 16, 2018): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v48i190.29.
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In recent times, populism not only is on everyone’s lips, but it has also been contested as scientific term. While some consider recent political developments as a repolitization and response to postdemocracy, others interpret populism as authoritarian and antipluralistic form of politics. However, a closer look reveals that the common term is very often rather obscuring. Scrutinizing the three mayor historic references of the debates on Populism – the Russian Narodniki, the US People´s Party, and the national-popular governments in the 1930-50s in Latin America –, the article reveals that quite contrasting movements have been labeled as populists. Furthermore, different theoretical strands, which described them as such discerned very different aspects as their populist core. After laying out these differences, the articles asks for the explanatory potential of these approaches and discusses the question if there is an intrinsic authoritarianism to populism.
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Higashida, Mitsuhiro, Yasushi Matsushita, Haruo Hayashi, Kouichi Miyake, Masayuki Morikawa, and Nozomu Yoshitomi. "QR Coded Field Data Acquisition." Journal of Disaster Research 5, no. 1 (February 1, 2010): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2010.p0066.
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A disaster-hit local government must handle a great deal of information entered on paper-based media, such as reports, assessment sheets, and application forms. Such analog information is expected to be effectively used by registering it in computerized databases, but registrations require much labor and locating information is time-consuming. Damage sites are usually identified by physical (geographic) addresses. Managing data as space information, such as that stored in geographic information systems (GISs), entered on computerized maps enables related work to be implemented efficiently. This paper outlines a QR code based field data acquisition system that automatically converts analog data on paper-based media to digital data via text files and automatically acquires field data, including map-plotted location data, and registers it in GISs, enabling disaster-hit local governments to efficiently process disaster-related data under constrained conditions.
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Lee, Chanhaeng. "Black-Korean Conflicts, Bakewell, and Local Governments in Los Angeles." Journal of Humanities 66 (August 30, 2017): 5–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31310/hum.066.01.
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Kaganova, Olga, and Judith Meira Amoils. "Central government property asset management: a review of international changes." Journal of Corporate Real Estate 22, no. 3 (May 11, 2020): 239–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcre-09-2019-0038.
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Purpose There is shortage of global research on asset management (AM) by various central governments. This paper aims at reducing this gap. Design/methodology/approach This general review is based on literature, published government documents, agendas of specialized membership organizations (considered through the qualitative thematic analysis) and the authors’ experiences in advising governments on AM in 30 countries. The study focuses on three topics of recurrent interest among governments and AM experts: drivers of change and response trends; organizational models and attributes of good governance at public AM organizations. It also discusses whether the examined practices conform with New Public Management (NPM). Findings The paper identifies five key international drivers of change: austerity measures; an increased focus on performance management; changes in political and ideological agendas; technology and business operations changes; and the environmental sustainability agenda. It analyses response trends to these drivers, both positive and negative. Five dimensions of organizational settings that are important for AM are identified, demonstrating the great diversity of practices. The paper outlines governance elements specific to government AM and illustrates related challenges. It also shows that while current AM typically conforms with NPM, there are notable deviations, such as low corporatization and recentralization of AM. Research limitations/implications This paper is a broad review; in-depth study of specific aspects is left for further research. Originality/value The paper introduces new empirical knowledge about AM approaches at central governments into research discourse, with a broad thematic coverage not achieved before; contributes to the discussion of some hot underexplored topics; hypothesizes why current AM practices deviate from NPM doctrines; and provides unique insights for AM practitioners.
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Welsch, Friedrich. "The COVID-19 pandemic: A multidimensional crisis." Gaceta Médica de Caracas 128, S2 (December 1, 2020): S137—S148. http://dx.doi.org/10.47307/gmc.2020.128.s2.2.
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The COVID-19 pandemic hit nations in all continents hard with the Americas standing out as the world ́s hardest-hit region. Government responses have been varying in timeliness, stringency, and results with outcomes being independent of regime type or political system but influenced by early action and the severity of containment strategies. The economic and financial impact of the pandemic has been estimated at a US$ 8,8 trillion decrease of the global GDP, more than the economies of Japan and Germany combined, and threatening the destruction of nearly half the global workforce livelihoods. Governments worldwide have announced unprecedented rescue packages to the tune of around US$ 10 trillion 40 percent of the global GDP. The pandemic hit Venezuela during a generalized humanitarian crisis and the health system in tatters. The real dimension of the pandemic is a mystery due to the opaqueness of the virus-related data published by the government. Due to the shortage of protective gear and disinfectants in run-down public hospitals, the virus-related death toll among medical staff is extremely high. The health authorities miss the minimum testing standards of the WHO. It is unlikely that our post-pandemic lives will return to their pre-pandemic characteristics, especially in the areas of learning, retail, tourism, and other services. The pandemic may be a catalyst for a new normalcy with teleworking heading toward a working-from- home-economy.
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Swaelen, Frank. "Het Parlement op het einde van de twintigste eeuw : Mogelijkheden en begrenzingen." Res Publica 42, no. 1 (March 31, 2000): 65–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v42i1.18530.
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The Belgian constitutional system is based upon the classic principle of the trias politica, which means that there is a separation of powers, but also a balanced cooperation between them. This article focuses on the Belgian federal Parliament, which bas been, together with the reform of the state from a unitary to a federal state, radically reformed.The Belgian Parliament nowadays is much better equipped to fulfil the function of checks and balances than thirty years ago. The number of staff and the material equipment has increased considerably. At the same time, the emphasis in parliamentary activity bas shifted from the plenary session to the committees. The control upon the budget was long time a nearly empty box. Since the reform of 1989, it has become a much stronger instrument to hold the government to account. The annual debate on the budget is rather a genera/political evaluation of the government policy and is always ended by a vote of confidence.As for the law-making function, the share of the government in adopted laws is much higher than that of Parliament. Parliament bas still the power to amend government bills, but this power is limited because there is often already an agreement between the government and the parliamentary party of the coalition-parties. Nevertheless, several important amendments have been adopted in the last legislature.The control function bas evolved in different directions. Due to an enormous increase in the number of interpellations, they have lost a great part of their importance. They constitute no langer a real threaten to the survival of the government. On the other hand, there are more oral and written questions than before and the use of parliamentary inquiry committees has augmented considerably. Despite their inherent shortages, these committees play, an important role in preparing and correcting policy.The new challenges for Parliament in the future are serving as forum of the nation and the evaluation of laws. The core business of the trias politica, namely budgetary, law-making and controlling duties, also remain to befulfilled by Parliament.
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Yoshida, Yoshiyuki, Takeshi Kimura, Yoshikazu Minegishi, and Tomonori Sano. "Tsunami Safe Town Planning with Evacuation Simulation." Journal of Disaster Research 9, sp (September 1, 2014): 719–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2014.p0719.
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Tsunami evacuation plans have been deliberately developed by local governments in coastal areas in Japan under guidance from the national government since before the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011. These plans, however, do not mention the time required for all local residents to evacuate to evacuation areas. This paper reports a procedure to design an effective tsunami safe town planning using multi-agent simulator (MAS) which identify a degree of evacuation risk in objective area. A case study is applied to one of the worst hit town of tsunami, in which additional facilities such as evacuation areas, safe buildings, and evacuation routes are proposed as well.
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Gulland, A. "NHS staff cheat to hit government targets, MPs say." BMJ 327, no. 7408 (July 24, 2003): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.327.7408.179.
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Hadlington, Simon. "Learned societies hit back at UK government education plans." Nature 329, no. 6140 (October 1987): 574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/329574c0.
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COLLIGNON, STEFAN, PIERO ESPOSITO, and HANNA LIERSE. "EUROPEAN SOVEREIGN BAILOUTS, POLITICAL RISK AND THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF MRS. MERKEL." Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy 04, no. 02 (April 2013): 1350010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793993313500105.
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The European economy was hit by a confidence shock in 2009 when the Greek government of Papandreou discovered the true amount of public deficit. The subsequent loss of trust in European fiscal governance reduced financial markets' willingness to lend to indebted governments. The European Union established the Financial Stability Facility to support debt-ridden states but without lasting success. The continuously rising Greek bond yields suggest that the information transmitted from political leaders did not reduce investors' risk perceptions. We develop a theoretical framework, in which financial market participants do not know the real rate of return on Greek assets but infer it from the signals emitted by informed European governments. Based on a unique news dataset, we investigate the impact of good and bad news from the European institutions on the Greek interest spread. The results demonstrate that the noise around the European decision-making process substantially raised the bailout cost.
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Gibbs, Jennifer C. "Terrorist Attacks Targeting Police, 1998–2010: Exploring Heavily Hit Countries." International Criminal Justice Review 30, no. 3 (March 25, 2018): 261–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1057567718765278.
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With over 14% of all terrorist attacks since 1970 targeting law enforcement, terrorist attacks on police is a problem in need of scholarly attention. Police serve as symbolic targets of the government and strategic targets of terrorist attacks, yet we know little about such attacks. This article explores terrorist attacks targeting police in heavily hit countries, drawing from the Global Terrorism Database. While Iraq and India have the most terrorist attacks targeting police, these countries also have a high number of terrorist attacks against all targets. To account for the total number of terrorist attacks, proportions are explored, finding Macedonia, Russia, and Georgia have the highest proportions of terrorist attacks targeting police between 1998 and 2010. A common thread among these heavily hit countries is a rapidly changing governing regime coupled with societal schism—in other words, these countries seem to share low governmental legitimacy. Implications for future research are discussed.
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Maes, Rudolf. "Het profiel van de lokale politiek." Res Publica 39, no. 1 (March 31, 1997): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v39i1.18597.
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In Belgian political rhetoric municipalities are described as the cornerstone of a well-balanced government organization. However, this is not noticeable in the administrative language: municipalities are described as 'subordinate' administrations or 'administrations under tutelage'. Their share in total government expenditure is alarmingly low, 10.8%.The importance of local politics is determined by:- the political will to recognise the municipality as a 'civil society'- the interest in the democratic content of government and the necessity of policy differentiation- the recognition of local government as a laboratory for policy and as a voice of the place community in the national politics.From the perspective of policy-making Belgian municipalities have a mixed profile. First of all, they are 'cultural municipalities': 28.5% of the expenditures are in the educational and cultural sector. Other important expenditures are: roads and utilities (17%) and security (12.8%). Compared to different West-European countries, expenditures for social matters are rather limited (11 %).
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Michel Agier. "Humanity as an Identity and Its Political Effects (A Note on Camps and Humanitarian Government)." Humanity: An International Journal of Human Rights, Humanitarianism, and Development 1, no. 1 (2010): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hum.2010.0005.
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