Relevant bibliographies by topics / Government expenditure

Academic literature on the topic 'Government expenditure'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Government expenditure"

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Abbasov, Jeyhun. "A new simple test to evaluate the efficiency of government spending." Economics & Sociology 16, no. 3 (September 2023): 97–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2023/16-3/6.

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The main purpose of this study is to determine the conditions that enable optimal distribution of the government revenues between capital and current expenditures, one that would maximize the firms’ and households’ utility and provide the maximum impact of the government expenditures on economic growth rate. Research indicates that for such optimal distribution of the budget to be defined, the derivatives of output functions with respect to the government capital expenditure and the government current expenditure must be equal. The obtained theoretical results serve as a basis for a test that analyzes the efficiency of the allocation of government revenues between current and capital expenditure items. The test is based on intervals established at significance levels of 0.01-0.99. If the difference between the marginal value of the production function with respect to the government's current and capital expenditure falls into any of these established intervals, the distribution of government expenses in these two directions can be considered effective at the level of significance corresponding to that interval. Research results found that governments usually cannot efficiently allocate their revenues between capital and current expenditures.
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Halásková, Martina, and Renata Halásková. "Assessment of Financial Capabilities of Local Governments in EU Countries for the Development of Local Public Services." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 14, no. 3 (July 31, 2016): 379–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/14.3.379-397(2016).

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Local financing in advanced countries enables local governments to assess real local priorities as well as limitations. The present paper deals with financial capabilities of local governments for the development of public services, local government expenditure and fiscal expenditure decentralization in the EU28. By use of cluster analysis, local public expenditures are assessed by selected COFOG functions, as % of total local government expenditures in years 2010-2013. The results proved the largest differences in the set of countries in local government expenditures on social protection and the smallest differences in local expenditures on recreation and cultures, housing and community amenities.
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Kamis, Rohaiza, Hairul Nizwan Abd Majid, and Nuraida Idora M Ramlee. "Government Expenditures and Economic Growth." Social and Management Research Journal 17, no. 2 (August 28, 2020): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/smrj.v17i2.10533.

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This paper aims to empirically analyze the relationship between government expenditures and economic growth in Malaysia from 1987 to 2016. This study uses the time series data in identifying the economic growth determinants in Malaysia. The Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) is used to establish the relationship between government expenditure which are education expenditure, health expenditure, defense and security expenditure, and social services expenditure towards the economic growth in Malaysia. The findings for this study indicate all the independent variables have a significant relationship towards economic growth in Malaysia where the health expenditure is the most influenced government expenditure component towards the economic growth in Malaysia. These findings may give some overview of policy implications to the policymakers on optimising the effects of government expenditure on economic development.
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Kahar, A., A. C. Furqan, and T. Tenripada. "The Effect of Budget, Audit and Government Performance: Empirical Evidence from Indonesian Regional Governments." Economy of Regions 19, no. 1 (2023): 289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2023-1-22.

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The development of public sector accounting was now propelled by stakeholder demands on bureaucratic performance, accountability and transparency, to pay close attention to tax revenues and expenditures with due regard to financial governance through positive auditing results. The Indonesian government enacted a new rule of Government Accounting Standard No. 71 of 2010 which fundamentally changed the form of government accounting books. The impact of these changes on budgeting, auditing and government performance in the early days of their implementation is crucial as a basis for reference for later reforms. This study aims to examine empirically the effect of audit opinion on the performance of Indonesian local governments by considering the mediating effect of revenue and expenditure realisation based on legitimacy and public choice theories. Data from 32 provinces in Indonesia during the 2010-2014 period with a total number of 150 observations (province-years) was analysed by least square regression. The research found that, in line with legitimacy theory, the previous year’s audit opinion had a significant and positive effect both directly and indirectly through the realisation of regional expenditure as a mediating variable on the performance of local governments. However, regarding public choice theory, the results must be carefully interpreted as the mediating effect of the realisation of expenditure on how audit opinions affect the performance of the provincial government depending on the measurements used. The result may be used by the government, provincial government, local parliament and the Audit Board of Indonesia in policy setting, supervision and inspection in improving the performance of the provincial government. Audit opinion, in relation to the realisation of government expenditure and its function, indirectly boosts the performance of local government in developing countries.
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Mutiarin, Dyah, Misran Misran, and Dicky Izmi Syahputra. "Analysis of Regional Expenditure in the Government for the 2020 Financial Year." Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen dan Bisnis 9, no. 1 (April 1, 2023): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/jimb.v9i1.15448.

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This study aims to find out the analysis of local government spending in DKI Jakarta Special Region of Yogyakarta, Banda Aceh City, Papua, West Papua for the 2020 Fiscal Year in managing the 2018-2020 regional budget. This research is descriptive. The results of the study show that the spending variance of the Regional Government Expenditures (DKI Jakarta, DIY, Banda Aceh City, Papua, and West Papua) in 2018-2020 is an average of 25.5% -27.7% included in the favorable category variance because the realization of expenditure does not exceed the set budget. Furthermore, from the Harmony Ratio, most regional expenditures are allocated for Operational Expenditures. The average operating expenditure in 2018-2020 is 33.35%, while capital expenditure is 40.16%. The average is taken from the percentage of the five regional governments, and the Regional Expenditure Efficiency Ratio shows that the realization of the expenditure budget never exceeds the budget. The average efficiency ratio is 2018-2020 is 80.88%. This shows that the five regional governments are pretty efficient in making savings or spending efficiency.
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Madhavi, Dr Naresh Ramdas. "Government Health Expenditure in India." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 8 (October 1, 2011): 112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/august2014/30.

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Saxenian, Helen, Ipchita Bharali, Osondu Ogbuoji, and Gavin Yamey. "A quantitative analysis of sources of changes in government expenditures on health, 2000 to 2015: what can we learn from experience to date?" Gates Open Research 3 (January 11, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.12900.1.

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Background: Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) requires increased domestic financing of health by low-income countries (LICs) and middle-income countries (MICs). It is critical to understand how much governments have devoted to health from their own sources and how much growth might be realistic over time. Methods: Using data from WHO’s Global Health Expenditure Database, we examined how the composition of current health expenditure changed by financing source and the main sources of growth in health expenditures from 2000-2015. We also disaggregated how much growth in government expenditures on health from domestic sources was due to economic growth, growth in the tax base, reallocations in government expenditures towards health, and the interactions of these factors. Results: Lower MICs (LMICs) and upper MICs (UMICs), as a group, saw a significant reduction in out-of-pocket expenditures and a significant growth in government expenditures on health from domestic sources as a share of current health expenditures over the period. This trend indicates likely progress in the pathway to UHC. For LICs, these trends were much more muted. Growth in government expenditure on health from domestic sources was driven primarily by economic growth in LICs, LMICs, and UMICs. Growth in government expenditure on health due to a strengthened tax base was most important in UMICs. For high-income countries, where economic growth was relatively slower and tax bases were already strong, the largest driver of growth in government expenditure on health from domestic sources was reallocation of the government budget towards health. Conclusions: Given these findings from 2000-2015, discussions about a government’s ability to reallocate to health from its overall budget need to be evidence based and pragmatic. Dialogue on domestic resource mobilization needs to emphasize overall economic growth and growth in the tax base as well as the share of health in the government budget.
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Cavallo, Michele. "Government Consumption Expenditures and the Current Account." Public Finance and Management 7, no. 1 (March 2007): 73–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152397210700700101.

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This paper focuses on the effects on the current account of changes to two distinct components of government consumption expenditures, expenditure on goods and expenditure on hours worked. I find that changes to government expenditure on hours do not directly affect the current account and that their effect is considerably smaller – one order of magnitude – than the effect of changes to government expenditure on goods. These findings indicate that considering government consumption as entirely expenditure on goods can lead to overestimating its role in accounting for movements in the current account balance.
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Nasution, Marihot. "PENGARUH BELANJA PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP KINERJA PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH." Jurnal Budget : Isu dan Masalah Keuangan Negara 4, no. 2 (August 30, 2022): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22212/jbudget.v4i2.80.

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This study examines how local government spending affects public services provided to the public. The performance of public service delivery is measured by the achievement of the performance of local government operations which are the object of evaluation in the Evaluasi Kinerja Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Daerah (EKPPD) which is carried out annually by the Ministry of Home Affairs. Whereas government expenditure is regional government expenditure per function per capita. Using a sample of 94 local governments, this study took the period 2014 to 2018. The results showed that per capita expenditure function had a positive effect on the performance of local government administration for regional government authority in education, health and infrastructure (housing and public facilities). The capital expenditure ratio is also tested to see the effect of capital expenditure on the performance of public service delivery. In testing the performance of the health and infrastructure sectors, this ratio has a significant negative effect, but for the performance of the education sector this ratio has no significant effect. This means that capital expenditures incurred by local governments have not been effective in meeting the needs of public services for the community, especially in the field of education.
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Karyadi, Enrico Adhanur, and Hasna Imtiyaz Hanifah. "THE EFFECT OF MANDATORY EXPENDITURES ON BASIC SERVICES OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT ON GROSS PER CAPITA REGIONAL DOMESTIC PRODUCTS IN EAST JAVA PROVINCE." Jurnal REP (Riset Ekonomi Pembangunan) 7, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 90–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31002/rep.v7i1.61.

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In Law Number 23 of 2014, government affairs are divided into three categories that are absolute, concurrent, and general government affairs. Decentralization of mandatory government affairs was expected to fulfill the state and local government goals, one of which is increasing welfare measured by income per capita. Government expenditure in mandatory government affairs was utilized to accomplish this. This study examined the effect of education, health, and social security expenditures on the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) per capita. The research sample was regency and city governments in East Java Province from 2014 to 2016. The research method was quantitative research methods. The results showed that education and social security expenditures negatively impacted GRDP per capita, while health expenditure positively impacted GRDP per capita. Local governments should reform the spending policies to ensure the efficiency and effectiveness of the budget used. The central government, authorities, and the public should also adequately monitor the local government.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Government expenditure"

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Nyamongo, Esman Morekwa. "The determinants of the structure of government expenditure in Africa." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11212007-132033.

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D'Agostino, G. "Government expenditure, corruption and growth." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2013. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/22804/.

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This thesis has undertaken a comprehensive theoretical and empirical analysis of the relationship between public spending and economic growth in a neoclassical framework. The focus of the analysis has been to underline two different rules that determine the allocation of public resources across different categories of expenditure. The first rule considers the effective needs of each category and their productivity, relative to the other categories and to private capital. This allows the effect of each category of expenditure on the growth rate of the economy, when productive, to be determined. Following this line of argument, the standard model (a model which only includes this rule) pre- dicts a non-linear relationship between the components of public spending and economic growth, justifying both positive and negative impacts of these components on the economy’s growth rate. When applied to the defence sector, this model can show that the contradictory results found in the literature for the relationship between military burden and economic growth may be explained by an excessive amount of resources attributed to this sector, when its productivity level is lower than that of the other parts of the public sector. A second rule that drives public allocation decisions is not linked to any economic considerations, but to the possibility for the politician can collect bribes by misallocating public resources. As pointed out by many researchers, it is easier to collect bribes from infrastructure projects or highly sophisticated defence equipment than textbooks or teachers’ salaries. In other areas, such as health, this picture is less clear-cut, as opportunities to collect bribes may be abundant in the procurement of hospital buildings, but more limited in the payment of doctors’ and nurses’ salaries. This differential impact of corruption can be used to explain the non-linearities that emerge in the standard model. The underlying conjecture is that, since corruption has a nega- tive impact on growth and given that politicians may favour less productive public sectors, the complementarities between these two mechanisms may explain the low growth rates in those countries in which corruption is more endemic. A related contribution in the thesis is to consider the way corruption is introduced into estimated of growth equations. While several recent papers have considered the underlying causes and consequences of corruption, little (and only recent) attention has been given to the methodological question of how ”corruption” is measured by international organisations and whether there construction of indices may bias empirical results and suggestions for policy. The final part of the thesis considers these issues.
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Fayad, Mohamed Khalil. "Government expenditure and growth in Libya." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2000. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5531/.

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This study attempts to answer two main questions. First, how does the composition of public expenditure affect the economic growth rate of macroeconomic variables such as the real output of the non-oil sector, employment, and total imports in Libya? Second, what is the appropriate fiscal and/or monetary policy to be used by the Libyan government to finance public expenditure, especially after the collapse in the oil price in the 1990s? To achieve these ends, a small macro-econometric model of the Libyan economy is constructed for the period 1962-1992 and estimated using the Johansen approach. The model reflects the Libyan institutional environment relevant to the observation period. The model links public finances to the monetary sector, the real sector, the role of foreign trade and the balance of payments, and the labour market. The model is utilised to (1) examine the impact of government expenditure on the growth of the macro-economic variables mentioned above; (2) examine the impact of different ways of funding these expenditures; (3) examine long-run equilibrium relationships estimated through the cointegration approach. The short-run dynamics was modelled via error correction models. Evaluation of the model was through standard single equation diagnostics, model simulation, and forecasting. Policy simulation was used to evaluate macro-economic policy options open to the government of Libya. As a result this study provides considerable knowledge about the structure of the Libyan economy through the period 1962-1992, and about the impact of government expenditure and its finance instrument (fiscal and/or monetary means) on growth.
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Zhang, Cheng. "Essays on domestic market integration, government expenditure, and strategic interactions among local governments." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/40410/.

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This thesis contains one literature review chapter and three self-contained empirical studies on different but closely related topics, domestic market integration, public spending, and strategic interactions in China. In Chapter 1, we describe the general background of the Chinese fiscal reforms in the 1980s. In particular we present how the open-door policies has resulted in China’s increasing participation in the global market while at the same time its domestic market seem to still suffer from prevalent border effects and local protectionism. Besides, we outline the nature and source of this fragmentation, which stems from the fiscal and administrative decentralisation, that the fiscal reforms brought about, and the existing political system. As such the fiscal and administrative system give strong incentives for local governments to actively participate in yardstick competition, which often takes the form of the so-called ‘tournament competition‘. Chapter 2 provides a general overview of the existing literature on measuring domestic market integration (DMI). It provides the theoretical underpinnings and empirical evidence of this literature, organising DMI into three main streams of the literature, which are factor-related approach, price-related approach and output and employment-related approach. Chapter 3 adopts a spatial border difference approach and a spatial border econometric approach to estimate the provincial border effects and thus infer the degree of domestic market integration in China. By using a dataset of 48 border counties and 28 2-digit industries in the Yangtze River Delta region over the time period 2005-2009, we find that border effects are present and significant and also varying across provinces and industries. On average Shanghai shows the highest level of local protectionism with its provincial border exerting greater influences on the industry patterns compared with the other two provinces. We also observe the provincial border effects are decreasing over time, albeit over a short time period, which indicates an ongoing process of deepening market integration. Moreover, we also find that Jiangsu exhibits a higher level of border effects against Shanghai and Zhejiang than that with its all surrounding neighbours. Chapter 4 looks into the role of domestic market integration and socio-economic globalisation play in the size and structure of the public sector in China. By employing a dataset of 27 Chinese provinces for the period of 1998-2006, we find that domestic market integration has negligible effects, only showing a small positive correlation with social aspects of spending. On the other hand, the results of international integration provide some support for the ‘efficiency’ hypothesis over the ‘compensation’ view. More specifically, economic integration contributes to the overall expansion of public sector and in particular it increases productive and non-social spending, while social integration results in a reduction in total spending and social spending. Chapter 5 investigates the relationship between strategic interactions and political tournament competition in China. By using the provincial-level data for 28 Chinese provinces over the period of 1998-2005, we provide strong evidence of the spatial autocorrelation in both total spending and its components, though we fail to find evidence supporting the ‘tournament competition’. Besides, the spending level in neighbouring provinces acts as a constraining effect on a local leader’s promotion. Moreover, we found that a higher level of total spending, productive spending and education spending compared with their contiguity neighbours, and a higher level of agriculture spending compared with their GDP-related neighbours would significantly increase the promotion opportunities of provincial governors. In contrast, the level of administration spending relative to local province’s GDP-related neighbours and the level of agency spending relative to geographic-related neighbours are negatively linked with the political turnover rate of provincial governors. Chapter 6 summarises the main findings of the thesis and outline the policy implications of our findings.
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Sekele, Ezekiel Chisenga. "Government expenditure variables and economic growth in Zambia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29076.

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The government sector forms a significant part of the economy. As such, it is important to examine the impact of government activities on the economy. This study investigates the impact of several components of government expenditure on economic growth between 2001Q1 and 2014Q4 using the vector error correction model. The study found that only expenditure on transport and gross fixed capital formation had a significant positive impact on economic growth in the short-run. In the long-run, only expenditures on transport and education had a significant impact on economic growth. However, expenditure on health has a negative, although insignificant, impact on economic growth. This result may be due to the heavy concentration of health expenditure on disease treatment rather than disease preventive measures. Spending on defense has no significant impact on economic growth. Expenditure on agriculture was found to have no significant impact on economic growth both in the short- and long-run, partly due to a heavy concentration of expenditure on price-distorting agriculture input- and output-price support programs. The findings of the study suggest that there is need to focus expenditure on increasing agricultural productivity, improving the quality of education, improving road infrastructure and expanding disease prevention measures.
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Všetičková, Simona. "THE COMPOSITION OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193067.

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This thesis examines the effect of the government expenditure structure on the economic growth. The objective is to determine which components of public expenditures are growth enhancing and which growth retarding. The theoretical model is set into the endogenous growth framework and describes the growth mechanism of productive and unproductive government expenditures. The growth impact of public spending composition is analysed for 18 European countries from 1996 to 2012. The empirical part is based on the panel data analysis. The empirical findings suggest that reallocating public resources towards education and health can promote growth. Whereas, higher expenditures on spending and defence are likely to be growth-retarding.
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Dev, Pijush Kanti. "Role of government expenditure in economic development : an Indian experience." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1278.

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Olds, Eric H. "Net State and Local Government Expenditure: A Better Link between Expenditure and the Tax Burden?" Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/OldsEH2007.pdf.

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Musahara, Herman. "Poverty and government expenditure: an assessment of the impact of government expenditure and interventions on poor groups with a focus on Rwanda." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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In this thesis the author undertook a poverty and policy analysis. It is argued that it is important to understand the nature, magnitude and context of poverty before one can undertake an informed policy prescription. Existing theories of poverty, welfare regimes and social policies offer a lot of useful lessons for policy, but have limitations in offering a single model for Rwanda. The thesis demonstrated that, not only is Rwandan poverty multifaceted and deep, but it is characterized by a poverty conflict trap that can be traced back to the entire post colonial period. The author argued however that the current policy is not only inefficient in targeting poverty, but it may be unable to meet the challenges of growth, redistribution and conflict mitigation. The thesis, after further analyzing policy options, puts forward a package that is needed to reduce poverty in Rwanda in the long term and to break the poverty conflict trap. The prescribed package is put forward as a comprehensive and institutionalized social policy, which Rwanda so far does not have.
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Murata, Akira. "Effects of remittances on household expenditure inequality and education expenditures : evidence from the Philippines." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/7412/.

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This thesis examines the economic effects of both international and domestic remittances on Filipino households. The thesis investigates three main research questions: (1) “Which household characteristics affect the probability and the size of domestic and international remittances migrant households received?”; (2) “How do these two sources of remittances Filipino households received affect welfare inequality at the household level?”; (3) “How do the remittances affect the recipient household's expenditure patterns, especially educational expenditures?” The data mainly used for the thesis come from the nationally representative Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) in the Philippines during the period of 1985-2006. With regard to the first question, the thesis finds that the levels of receiving international and domestic remittances are mutually related and reveals that there is a displacement effect of remittances from abroad on those from within the country. Furthermore, the thesis also revealed that several explanatory factors such as the welfare level, the heads' characteristics, the job-related factors, and the regional disparities are significant to determine both the probability and the size of receiving the remittances. Regarding the second question, the thesis shows that the receipt of international remittances could significantly contribute to an improvement in Filipino households' livelihoods at any welfare level and that it would cause expenditure inequality between Filipino households to widen over time. In contrast, the receipt of remittances from within the Philippines did not exert a significant impact on improving the welfare. As for the last question, the thesis finds that the receipt of remittances from abroad would increase the budget share for education as well as its absolute value. This result supports the idea that international remittances could contribute to the future Philippine economic growth via increase in human capital investment if the country sort out the issues on brain drain of educated migrants' children.
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Books on the topic "Government expenditure"

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Schiavo-Campo, Salvatore. Managing government expenditure. Manila: Asian Development Bank, 1999.

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Singh, Mahendra Pratap. Economics of government expenditure growth. New Delhi: Reliance Pub. House, 1988.

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1929-, Forte Francesco, and Peacock Alan T. 1922-, eds. Public expenditure and government growth. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 1985.

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Board, Canada Treasury. Managing government expenditures: The record, management iniatives, the expenditure control plan. [Ottawa]: Treasury Board, 1990.

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Gordon, Roger H. Expenditure competition. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001.

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Easaw, Joshy. Government expenditure and electoral security: An error correction model of UK government expenditure, 1979-1992. Leicester: University of Leicester, Department of Economics, 1997.

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Solmaz, Moslehi, ed. Modelling the composition of government expenditure. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2011.

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C, Knox, and University of Ulster. Department of Public Administration and Legal Studies., eds. Local government expenditure in Northern Ireland. Jordanstown: University of Ulster, Department of Public Administration and Legal Studies, 1991.

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Fund, International Monetary. Commodity booms and government expenditure responses. Washington, D.C: International Monetary Fund, 1991.

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Blyth, Conrad Alexander. Government expenditure in Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: Institute of National Affairs, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Government expenditure"

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Musell, R. Mark, and Ryan Yeung. "Tax Expenditures and Tax Expenditure Budgets." In Understanding Government Budgets, 70–76. Second Edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Revised edition of Understanding government budgets, 2009.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315474854-7.

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Gillespie, J. M. "Financial Statistics: Expenditure." In Local Government, 24–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1229-8_4.

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Travers, Tony. "Local Government." In Public Expenditure Policy, 1985–86, 187–202. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08252-0_8.

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Drew, Joseph. "Moral Expenditure and Revenue." In Saving Local Government, 89–115. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4332-3_6.

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Peacock, Alan T., Jack Wiseman, and Jindrich Veverka. "Determinants of Government Expenditure." In The Growth of Public Expenditure in the United Kingdom, 12–34. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003503484-2.

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Newton, K., and T. J. Karran. "Knee-Capping Local Government." In The Politics of Local Expenditure, 114–29. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17849-0_8.

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Bailey, Stephen J. "The Economics of Local Government Expenditure." In Local Government Economics, 81–108. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27415-4_5.

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Nath, Shyam. "Government Expenditure and Economic Development." In The Mauritian Economy, 150–65. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230629288_8.

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Bhattacharjee, Mainak, Jayeeta Roy Chowdhury, and Dipti Ghosh. "Dynamic Optimality of Government Expenditure." In Optimum Size of Government Intervention, 53–62. London: Routledge India, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003026495-5.

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Dutta, Ujjal Protim, and Jayashree Sarmah. "Government Expenditure, Governance, and Economic Growth." In Social Sector Development and Governance, 177–90. London: Routledge India, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003251132-14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Government expenditure"

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Kolçak, Menşure, and Ali Yasin Kalabak. "Do Government Expenditures Subject to Law of Diminishing Returns? A Panel Data Application." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c10.02212.

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The effect of government expenditure on economic growth has attracted attention of economist for long time. In this context, this paper aims to understand that government expenditure subjects to whether constant, decreasing or increasing yield. For this reason, countries were classified as with low government expenditure, medium government expenditure and high government expenditure, and were added into empirical analysis in the paper. The number of countries included in the analysis is 138 and the analysis covers the period between years 1980 and 2016. In this context, empirical analysis consists of fixed effect model, random effect model, hausman test and unbalanced panel data technique was applied. According to results of analysis, when government expenditure increases as quantitative, it’s effect on economic growth decreases but it still affects economic growth positively. To make public expenditures lately subject to law of diminishing returns, it may come into question that public expenditures is canalized to technology intensive areas. In order to increase productivity in the public expenditures and to shift out diminishing returns, level of spendings on human capital can be increased.
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Tashevska, Biljana, Suzana Makreshanska Mladenovska, and Marija Trpkova-Nestorovska. "SOCIAL PROTECTION EXPENDITURES IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: DOES GOVERNMENT DEBT MATTER?" In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2022.0002.

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The paper examines the potential effect of government debt on the social protection expenditure level in Central and Eastern European countries. More specifically, we examined whether governments reduce social protection spending when the fiscal stance worsens and when debt rises, in order to avoid fiscal unsustainability. This is a topical issue, given the population ageing and the level of indebtedness in some countries. Many studies have explored the economic and fiscal effects of rising social protection expenditures, but a few studies have examined the reaction of this specific expenditure category to rising debt levels. In addition, we examine the response of social protection expenditures to the changes in the level of economic activity, unemployment, inequality and population ageing. We found a small, but statistically significant positive effect of government debt to social protection expenditure, in line with the argument of coexistence of rising debt levels and rising social expenditure during recession and confirming their resilience to spending cuts. It could also be argued that these countries are not excessively indebted, and this could potentially contribute to the smaller response to increased debt levels. The results also indicate a negative impact of general government balance, implying that improved fiscal balance leads to lower social spending. The counter-cyclical nature of social protection expenditures is confirmed with the negative impact of GDP growth and the positive impact of unemployment. The negative effect of the Gini coefficient indicates that countries with lower inequality levels dedicate more resources to social protection. We didn’t find a strong influence from the dependency ratio.
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Suseno, Deky, Amalia Rahmadhani, Suwartiningsih Suwartiningsih, and Rosi Al Azizah. "Efficiency of Local Government Capital Expenditure." In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Economics, Business and Economic Education Science, ICE-BEES 2021, 27-28 July 2021, Semarang, Indonesia. EAI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.27-7-2021.2316830.

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Všetičková, Simona. "THE GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE STRUCTURE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH." In 7th Economics & Finance Conference, Tel Aviv. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/efc.2017.007.023.

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Chen, Qianqin, and Jiayu Wen. "Appropriation Cost, Government Expenditure and Income Disparity." In 2016 International Conference on Modern Management, Education Technology, and Social Science (MMETSS 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mmetss-16.2017.69.

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Tashevska, Biljana, Marija Trpkova – Nestorovska, and Suzana Makreshanska – Mladenovska. "IS THERE A DOMINANCE OF SOCIAL PROTECTION EXPENDITURE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION?" In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2020.0003.

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European welfare states, with their comprehensive and generous welfare model, create the largest part of general government expenditures in the European Union member countries. Given the rising trend of social expenditure and the long-run challenges coming from population ageing, this paper addresses the issue of social dominance, a situation in which, particularly when facing limited fiscal space, social expenditure could crowd-out other productive public expenditures, thus undermining growth potentials and possibly threatening fiscal sustainability. Using a panel regression analysis, the aim of the paper is to test whether social protection expenditure has crowded-out expenditures on other purposes in the European Union in the period 1995-2018. The results provide some evidence of crowding-out of infrastructure spending and education spending. Additionally, deficit financing and rising government debt have a significant adverse effect on spending on infrastructure, education and core public services, confirming that they are more prone to cutbacks in times of deteriorating public finance. These findings, along with the long-run fiscal pressure from the ‘greying population’ and the high political costs of welfare reforms suggest significant future risks of social dominance.
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Atmaca, Serhat, and Metin Bayrak. "The Impact of Government Spending On Economic Growth in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c09.01974.

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The realization of economic growth in order to grow and develop an economy and increase social welfare is one of the basic aims of every society. For this reason, states are making great efforts to realize economic growth and make it sustainable. In this context, the impact of public expenditure on the economic growth of countries is a matter of research. Government spending can be classified economically as expenditure on capital and current expenditures, functionally as general public services, defense services, education services, public order and security services, economic affairs and services, environmental protection services, health services and other services. There are also investment expenditures made by the government for economic development. In particular, public investment expenditures complementary to private investments have positive effects on growth. The Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan economies, which are in the category of developing countries, are looking for ways to achieve development and growth and are implementing various practices and economic policies in this process. In this context, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan have the main purpose of studying and analyzing the effects of the public expenditures that they think will be effective on economic growth. The various variables of public spending in the study were examined with the Karma Average Group (PMG) model, which shows how Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan's growth affected their growth in the short and long term. As a result, public spending has been influenced by economic growth and it has been determined which components are active on a country basis.
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Pita, Marcelo, and Gustavo Torres. "Inferring Companies Similarities from Brazilian Government Expenditure Data." In XI Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas de Informação. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbsi.2015.5878.

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A graph-based method is proposed for inferring similarities among companies from their affiliations in the context of expenditure financial transactions in the Brazilian Federal Government. There are trusted and untrusted companies. We performed a basic cluster analysis in the companies network to verify whether clusters (connected components) are discriminative concerning companies trustworthiness. Results show evidences that this is true, reinforcing the following hypotheses: (1) there are suppliers associations, which evidences the formation of cartels; and (2) public agencies and agents play an important role in the legality of financial transactions.
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Honghai Chen, Cheng Huang, and Zhong Chen. "Government, society and individual effects on health care expenditure." In Proceedings of ICSSSM '05. 2005 International Conference on Services Systems and Services Management, 2005. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2005.1500243.

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Trpkova-Nestorovska, Marija. "VIABLE HEALTH FUNDING IN TIME OF DEMOGRAPHIC AGEING." In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2021.0017.

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In the past several decades a new challenge has arisen, and it refers to the rapid demographic ageing of the population in developed and developing countries, quite opposite to the previous understanding of overpopulated planet. Increase in the older population brings its implications to different segments of the society, and the national health system and its funding is one of them. This paper tends to analyze if there is a relationship between the government health expenditure and the increase in the older population in fourteen countries from the European Union that are experiencing most intense process of demographic ageing. Also, other possible determinants of the health expenditures are included, such as government social spending, gross domestic product per capita and dummy variable to estimate the effect of the global recession onto the health expenditure.
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Reports on the topic "Government expenditure"

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Martin, Fernando M. Government Policy Response to War-Expenditure Shocks. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2011.028.

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Fu, Chao, Shoya Ishimaru, and John Kennan. Government Expenditure on the Public Education System. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26425.

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Woodford, Michael. Simple Analytics of the Government Expenditure Multiplier. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15714.

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Crawford, Rowena, Robert Joyce, and David Phillips. Local government expenditure in Wales: recent trends and future pressures. Institute for Fiscal Studies, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/bn.ifs.2012.00131.

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Rodrigues Gomes, Camila. Crime and Government Expenditure in Brazil: Estimating the Impact of Government Security Spending on Homicide Rates. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0001365.

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Avellán, Leopoldo, Arturo J. Galindo, and Giulia Lotti. Following Public Finances: The Mirage of MDBs Countercyclicality. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002305.

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This paper investigates the co-movement of sovereign lending from multilateral development banks (MDBs) and private creditors with government expenditure. The paper finds that multilateral sovereign lending follows government expenditure and that this correlation does not change if governments are running a surplus or a deficit. This finding raises doubts on the feasibility of MDBs to be counter-cyclical, unless the governments themselves implement counter-cyclical fiscal policies.
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Khadan, Jeetendra. An Econometric Analysis of Energy Revenue and Government Expenditure Shocks on Economic Growth in Trinidad and Tobago. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011776.

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Energy revenues represent roughly 45 percent of Trinidad and Tobago's GDP and are highly volatile since they are correlated with the price of oil and gas. Hence, sharp changes in energy prices, whether temporary or sustained, can have important consequences for economic growth and overall macroeconomic performance. After the 2014 crash in oil prices, a key challenge that emerged for policymakers in hydrocarbon-exporting countries is how to manage fiscal retrenchment in an environment of subdued growth. Using structural vector autoregression, this article examines three questions related to this challenge by focusing on Trinidad and Tobago: (1) what is the asymmetric effect of energy revenue shocks on macroeconomic performance, (2) what is the asymmetric effect of energy revenue shocks on government expenditure (disaggregated by categories), and (3) what is the effect of government expenditure shocks (disaggregated by categories) on economic growth. The results suggest that although positive energy revenue shock increases growth almost immediately, it is not sustained. A negative energy revenue shock is found to have a greater adverse effect on primary expenditure than a positive shock and this largely occurs through a reduction in capital expenditure. Transfers and subsidies, and goods and services are the most sensitive components of current expenditure to positive energy shocks. With respect to the effect of expenditure on growth, transfers and subsidies significantly reduce growth in the short run, whereas other categories of expenditure are found to have a largely positive effect on growth. These findings suggest three important implications for policymakers: the first is to reduce and or reorient public expenditure away from transfers and subsidies and towards more growth-enhancing areas; the second is the need for clear fiscal rules, and to more effectively balance the role of fiscal policy as a growth stimulus while also performing other social functions; and thirdly, these results bring into sharp focus the effectiveness of the rules of the country's stabilization fund to manage windfall energy revenues.
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Cooper, Julian. Russia's Military Expenditure During Its War Against Ukraine. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/uvux1392.

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Russia’s total military expenditure has increased since its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, but not dramatically. Despite difficulty in accessing information on budget spending, total budgeted military spending in 2023 can be estimated at 6648 billion roubles. This represents 4.4 per cent of forecast Russian gross domestic product. While military spending in early 2023 seemed to accelerate beyond the budgeted amount, the rate of spending can be shown to be similar to that in early 2022 and does not suggest any unusual surge. The Russian government is attempting to restrain spending on the war to minimize the domestic impact and enable the pursuit of policy goals set before the invasion. The Russian economy can afford this level of spending notwithstanding severe sanctions, while leaving open the possibility of increased war-related funding if the government considers it necessary in the future.
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Lopes da Silva, Diego, Nan Tian, Lucie Béraud-Sudreau, Alexandra Marksteiner, and Xiao Liang. Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2021. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/dzjd8826.

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In 2021 world military expenditure surpassed the two trillion US dollar mark for the first time, reaching $2113 billion. Global spending in 2021 was 0.7 per cent higher than in 2020 and 12 per cent higher than in 2012. The economic effects of the Covid-19 pandemic have not ended the continuous upward trend in world military expenditure seen since 2015. As a result of the strong economic recovery across the globe in 2021, world military spending as a share of world gross domestic product—the global military burden—reached 2.2 per cent, down from 2.3 per cent in 2020. Average military spending as a share of government expenditure in 2021 remained the same as in 2020, at 5.9 per cent. This Fact Sheet presents regional and national military expenditure data for 2021 and highlights trends over the decade 2012–21. The data comes from the updated SIPRI Military Expenditure Database, which provides military spending data by country for the years 1949–2021.
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Tian, Nan, Diego Lopes da Silva, Xiao Liang, and Lorenzo Scarazzato. Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2023. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/bqga2180.

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World military expenditure increased for the ninth consecutive year in 2023, reaching a total of $2443 billion. The 6.8 per cent increase in 2023 was the steepest year-on-year rise since 2009 and pushed global spending to the highest level SIPRI has ever recorded. The world military burden—defined as military spending as a percentage of global gross domestic product (GDP)—increased to 2.3 per cent in 2023. Average military expenditure as a share of government expenditure rose by 0.4 percentage points to 6.9 per cent in 2023 and world military spending per person was the highest since 1990, at $306. The rise in global military spending in 2023 can be attributed primarily to the ongoing war in Ukraine and escalating geopolitical tensions in Asia and Oceania and the Middle East. Military expenditure went up in all five geographical regions, with major spending increases recorded in Europe, Asia and Oceania and the Middle East. This SIPRI Fact Sheet highlights trends in military expenditure for 2023 and over the decade 2014–23. The data, which replaces all military spending data previously published by SIPRI, comes from the updated SIPRI Military Expenditure Database.
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