Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gouvernance du développement'
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Djatcho, Siefu Donald. "Gouvernance territoriale et développement industriel à Douala." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00842695.
Full textEchkoundi, Mhammed. "Gouvernance et dynamiques territoriales de développement : expériences marocaines." Artois, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ARTO0101.
Full textThis thesis approaches a topic, today, major in research in social sciences. Indeed, the concept of governorship made irruption in all the fields of the man. The author of this thesis, as an economist, approaches it in the plan of the territory. It is with this vision without model ready to carry that the empirical dimension of this thesis is approached. After having shown the need for a "new governorship" in the North-South relations, the empirical approachs suggested relates to two Moroccan experiments : the area of Fès-Boulemane and the National Initiative of the Human Development (INDH)
Loulid, Adil. "La gouvernance des entreprises et le développement durable." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0050.
Full textNguyen, Quoc Ha. "Comment améliorer la gouvernance du développement au Vietnam?" Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE0047.
Full textThe main aim of this thesis is to show how to improve the governance of development in Vietnam. The unique history and specifics characteristics of Vietnam require a mix strategy of the "good governance" and the "growth-enhancing governance". First, in order its economic takeoff succeeds, it must acquire the "governance capabilities" and implement the business regulation reforms and the natural monopolies reforms in order to promote the opening of a social regulation system. Then, the catching-up process aimes at formalizing and enforcing the rules. This process includes the government effectiveness , the control of corruption, the endogenous development of regulatory institutions and the deepening of democracy. Using a panel data based on a sample that includes 15 countries that have similar characteristics with Vietnam, our econometric study confirms the positive relationship between growth and institutional aspects like democracy, regulatory quality, political stability and absence of violence
Ouarma, Issouf. "Croissance économique et gouvernance dans les pays en développement." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UBFCG004.
Full textNo abstract
Amewoa, Agbessi Komla. "L'aide au développement aide-t-elle au développement ? : Le cas de l'Afrique Sub-Saharienne." Limoges, 2008. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/76d4f780-d2c7-48e9-92e8-9aa9cd2db001/blobholder:0/2008LIMO1001.pdf.
Full textDevelopment aid is aimed at promoting economic growth in developing countries for poverty eradication. Sub-Saharan Africa is the main aid recipient in the world. It is also the region where poverty increases the fastest. To clarify this paradox, we undertook an empirical analysis of aid effectiveness in the region. The results of this study suggest that aid is ineffective in promoting economic growth in the region. How can aid failure in Africa be explained? The common explanation of aid ineffectiveness lies in poverty traps and insufficient aid. We have demonstrated in this thesis that we must go beyond this traditional explanation of aid failure, by considering especially the incentive effects aid can generate. We have developed an analytical framework to study aid incentive effects on the recipient’s behavior. Through this framework, we have demonstrated that aid can incite the recipient to increase his consumption and to reduce the domestic vestment. Moreover, foreign aid incentive effects might worsen the governance quality in the recipient’s country. Our empirical analysis of aid adverse effects on consumption, investment and governance in Sub-Saharan Africa support our theoretical suggestions. Foreign aid encourages poor investments, an increase of consumption in favor of small “ruling groups” and generally, poor governance. This situation is tied to the donors’ aid policies, which lead to adverse selection and moral hazard problems. These issues are fundamental in the explanation of aid failure in Sub-Saharan Africa. The thesis’ conclusion calls for a more multilateral aid which should have conditions, to generate “good incentives” in the recipient’s country
Baldé, Mamadou Dicko. "Impact de la gouvernance sur le processus de développement local." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2000. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1982.
Full textDioubaté, Badara. "Bonne gouvernance et développement : le cas de la République de Guinée." Reims, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REIME005.
Full textO include/understand the dynamics of the “good” governorship like set of themes of investigation, particularly important for the World Bank and the IMF in the field of international expansion, we propose to interpret his rise like the result of a long process of test-errors of the theories and practices tested in the field of the development of the poor countries. This result is mainly marked by the going beyond of the “canonical” opposition State/is who characterized the speeches, the theories and the practices of the development during nearly one half-century. It is also marked by a revisitation of the role of the State and its institutional relations with the private sector and the organizations of civil society (OSC). However, the rise and the notoriety of the concept of “good” governorship present two main issues in the field of international expansion: a problem of meaning and a problem of operationnality. These two problems are complementary insofar as the first influences the second. Indeed, in the context of international financial institutions (IFI) and of that of the international community of development, the confusion made on the level of the meaning, between the concept of “good” governorship and that of democracy, confers a general information on this last, and seems to remove any operationnality to him. This absence of operationnality and guiding line as for the implementation concretes mechanisms of “good” governorship by the IFI in the developing countries, leads the reforms to the “failure”. However, beyond the responsibility for the IFI in the explanation of the “failure” of the institutional reforms carried out in the poor countries, there exists that of the political authorities of the countries concerned. This research mobilizes initially, the postulates and the conclusions of the economic theories of the development, in particular those of the three paradigms having characterized them in their evolution of 1950 to 1980. In the second time, it mobilizes the contributions of the theory of the institutions, in particular those of the two paradigms of this theory: the paradigm institutionnalist and the paradigm neo-institutionnalist. The objective is to show that in spite of the importance and the dynamics of the set of themes of governorship in the academic field of the development, the current approach of the IFI on the matter seems ineffective
Chhay, Sambath. "La bonne gouvernance : une vision pour le développement durable au Cambodge." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2020COAZ0004.
Full textBy analyzing the process of governance of Cambodian government, this thesis seeks to understand the real impact of contemporary policy of government on the economic, social and environmental development through one word well defined, the sustainable development. This research shows about the Cambodian society as such, the relation between the society and the state, the structure and the capacity of the institution of the state in public governance, and the consequences of this governance on the society. Without forgetting the sustainable development that is the main objective of this research, this work is trying to prove the model of Cambodian governance as a bad example for the sustainable development
Pouillaude, Agnès. "Gouvernance, institutions et développement des micro-entreprises : le cas de la Mauritanie." Bordeaux 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR40013.
Full textOtando, Gwenaëlle. "Institutions, gouvernance et développement économique : problèmes, réformes et orientation de l'économie gabonaise." Littoral, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DUNK0301.
Full textThis dissertation traces the origin of the economy of development with a view to underlining its salient traits and the major stages of its evolution. It is focused on the place of choice granted to institutions in the new theories of development and the policies which follow from it. Consequently it is based on the new institutional economy and economic approaches which point to the shortcomings of the market as the only mechanism for an optimum allocation of means. The concept of governance mobilized in this piece of work emphasizes the rise of new mechanisms for the coordination and allocation of means and opens up new dimensions which were eclipsed by the first generation of development policies. The launch of the concept of “good governance”, by international institutions in the early nineteen nineties in the wake of the failure of structural adjustement policies is an indicator of the attraction which this notion exerts on the decision-makers in international institutions, hence the importance of underlining its strengths and weaknesses. In effect, if poor governance (the lack of respect for the rule of law, malpractice, the absence of diversification) which characterizes the economy of African countries represents a true obstacle to the development of these countries, forcing institutions such as those of developed countries onto them is inappropriate (no respect for the institutional peculiarities of countries). Therefore it is relevant to adopt gradual stages whereby developing counstries are going to have an increasingly diversified economy and growth – induced by factors, effectiveness and innovation – in step with the accumulation of their institutional capacities and the strengthening of the basic capabilities of individuals. Gabon, which will be analysed along several subsystems (political, economic and social) acts as a living laboratory for this dissertation in so far as it allows us to measure the impact of the institutional deficit on the strengthening rentier economy. Indeed, any diversification strategy of the Gabonese economy involves the implementation of institutions and the emergence of a strategic State free from any strategy for illegal securement by groups of interest. When all is said and done, in the present state of institutional accumulation and economic structure in Gabon, the strategic State (acting as a coordinator, planner and uncertainty reducer) seems to be an intermediary mechanism - between bad and good governance – towards the production of trust. In other words, the first reforms aiming at the promotion of “good governance” should contribute to the emergence of a strategic State in a context marked by the priming of a new process of de-personnalisation of the rules of the game and a diversification of the economic structure
Foucauld, Bertrand de. "Développement durable et gouvernances du logement social." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040172.
Full textIn the sustainable development framework, what are the answers in the Ile-de-France Region to deprived housing? What are the flaws in the spatial distribution of housing and in the residential history of the households, with all the socio-economic, sociological, symbolic and environmental aspects?The city policies in the Ile-de-France region, applied in a Republican and very hierarchical framework, have given, since 1980, only mediocre results to council housing or de facto social habitat. In the département of Seine-Saint-Denis, urban and social works against private habitats insalubrity have provided interesting results. But they remain, because of their complexity, limited in numbers. However, is it not the first function of a city to accommodate its residents and newcomers? Aren’t the objectives of the State and local authorities to provide a healthy and pleasant urban environment, and to build a good "image" of each city in a context that is competitive at different scales?The study of the London housing, and its comparison with the one of the Ile-de-France Region, shows housing conceptions and applied solutions in Britain that could provide interesting elements to solve the problem of deprived habitat. The legal structure of the British real estate, and governance that is more communitarian and closer to the inhabitants, helped to bring more efficiency to public actions related to social housing. Local management, very present and very embodied in London, develops conflicts prevention and enhances the local authorities’ responsiveness vis-à-vis the residents of private and public housing. This proximity is associated with a very democratic and delegative management. But the British capital must manage the gentrification of some of its areas and the increase of socio-economic disparities.Meanwhile, environmental issues related to housing require the local authorities, and their inhabitants, to adapt their modes of governance and life. The creation of social ties and partnerships at different levels, in less centralized frameworks, are likely to bring more efficiency in the urban and social organization of the Ile-de-France and London regions
Nguedam, Ntouko Clarisse. "Gouvernance et institutions dans les décisions d'investissement privé dans les pays en développement." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF10383.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the impact of governance and institutions on private investment in developing countries. "Good governance" and institutional quality especially in developing countries are of great concern to the international community. However, there is no unique and optimal institutional framework and governance system which can be set up in all countries independently to their cultural, historical and anthropological characteristics. Indeed, if all countries can share a common objective which consists of an institutional framework, able to ensure the sustainability and credibility of the investment climate, they will all start from different points with specific characteristics. These factors lead us to favor a non normative approach of the quality of institutions and governance. However, some institutional framework increases uncertainty and irreversibility ofinvestment. In this thesis, we consider weak institutions and poor governance as the main sources of uncertainty and irreversibility of investment indeveloping countries. We use a macroeconometric approach which analyses the investment behavior at the aggregate level, and a microeconometric approach which takes into account the heterogeneity of the investment behavior of firms. An emphasis is put on sub-Saharan African countries that have the lowest private investment rate
Florent, Luc. "Quelle gouvernance pour les activités pédestres ? : un enjeu pour le développement des territoires." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50377-2007-Florent.pdf.
Full textDe, Sousa Moreira Ivaldo. "Gouvernance territoriale du développement rural au Brésil : le cas d'un front pionnier "Portal da Amazônia"." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20008/document.
Full textThe thesis fits into a general analysis of the dynamics of public territorial action of rural development in an area of Amazonian pioneer front: the territory "Portal da Amazônia", North of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The comparative study involves two ongoing experiences: the initiative of the Ministry of Agrarian Development (MDA) through the National Program for Sustainable Development of Rural Territories and the Inter-municipal Consortium of Economic and Socio-Environmental Development implemented by the State of Mato Grosso’s government (MT Regional Programme). How these two territorial public action mechanisms contribute to build a dynamic sustainable rural development for agriculture in this area? In particular, we will see how new forms of local governance are carried out in the context of territorial public policies for rural development. Through an approach that combines the contributions of social geography and sociology of development, we focus particularly on the local governance procedures and the territorialisation processes performed by these two mechanisms. To achieve our goal, we observed during the fieldwork the areas of consultation and negotiation where the projects for each one of these programs are conceived
Zombo, Morris Musema. "L’écoefficacité : améliorer la gouvernance de l’eau potable en milieu rural des pays en développement." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0038.
Full textThis thesis deals with the theme of efficiency in public management, ecology, and capital economics, in order to understand the problems that today hinder the development of many countries. Many drinking water systems in rural areas in developing countries are not able to provide an adequate response to the real needs felt by the concerned populations. The question arises as to why so many investments have yielded so little success in the water sector in developing countries? The research proposes to apply a new approach in the modeling and simulation of drinking water supply systems. It also intends to integrate the same model into the "mix" concerning water and renewable energies. Finally, it intends to carry out a numerical modeling to allow a virtual prototyping of the proposed system and to assist in the conduct of realization projects. Without seeking to solve all the problems associated with the governance of drinking water in rural areas in developing countries, this research provides decision-makers with the means to improve the operational performance of water services, an eco-efficient design of procurement systems, and coordination with users. The proposed new model of three metarules leads to the calculation of the ZOMBO index (Iz), used as a reliability metric for the validation and evaluation of the mastery of the model. It also provides support for the participation of local communities through a traditional African democracy approach under the Palaver tree
Ferrari, Serena. "La viabilité des chaînes laitières industrielles au Sénégal: Une analyse en termes de gouvernance." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/249201.
Full textThe Senegalese dairy sector has been marked by important changes in the last decades. Indeed, dairy industry and trade have been growing, because of urbanization and new dietary habits of urban populations. This thesis inquires into the effects of those changes on the development of the local dairy value chain and on the vulnerability of the local herder communities. Based on the theory of the governance of global value chains and on transaction cost economics, the thesis aims to understand which modes of governance enable the viability of the Senegalese industrial dairy chains. Through the collection of qualitative data from the actors of these value chains and through an in-depth analysis of ten of these chains in the regions of Dakar and Kolda, this thesis highlights two main factors underlying the viability of the industrial dairy chains. First, quality strategies focusing on the local origin of the raw material are successful on the market, since consumers attach to them a particular value. Moreover, the services that the dairy processors implementing those quality strategies offer to local producers contribute to reducing their vulnerability; hence, the social viability of the value chains is improved. Second, the adoption of plural forms of governance, within a mixed supply (milk powder/local milk), enables dairy processors to be economically viable. In fact, they are in a position to fully exploit their productive capacities, to control the cost of raw material purchases, and to meet consumer demands.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Van, der Yeught Corinne. "Les incidences du développement durable sur le management stratégique des destinations touristiques : une approche par les ressources et les compétences." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE0037.
Full textTourist destinations are facing an increasingly competitive environment and in growing numbers they implement sustainable development strategies. This doctoral dissertation aims at explaining the reasons why they do so, and clarifying how sustainable development strategies may encourage the emergence of a sustainable competitive advantage in tourist destinations. To address these issues, the theoretical approach resorts to the competence and resource movement and on governance theories. The research proceeds through three distinct stages. First, it generates a methodology to design a sustainable strategic diagnosis of tourist destinations. The methodology is based on an original typology of the destinations’ strategic resources. Then, the research complements this approach by identifying the dynamic processes whereby core competences may be created in a sustainable tourism perspective. Finally, the research opens the governance “black box” of tourist destinations in order to analyze the decision making mechanisms typical of these heterogeneous organizations and to expose the learning capabilities that they generate. The set of theoretical proposals that follows the review of literature is then put to the test through three case studies and improved. The results show that under certain conditions the concepts of sustainability and durability are mutually reinforcing and these conditions are identified
Ado, Salifou Arifa Moussa. "Décentralisation et développement : la reconstruction du développement local : cas de la commune rurale de Guidimouni (Niger)." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT5003/document.
Full textCan we talk about decentralization without making the connection to development questions? In the South as in the North, opinions agree on the choice of decentralization measures, in the implementation of development participative strategies. Joining a reflection on the " good governance ", decentralization advocates a new type of development, bringing to light the relation between the governance and the management of a society's local resources. Territorial basic entities implication in decision-making participates in the local development (re) construction. Is decentralization useful at a local level in the development process? In spite of the hopes brought by decentralization, incapacities in its implementation may influence development objectives. The example of the rural district of Guidimouni evokes a situation where decentralization still stalls, in particular, because of the local actors' lack of implication, but also because of a public place absence, convenient to the harmonising of initiatives for development. Decentralization and development are two complex processes, integrating several variables (economic, social, political, cultural, spatial, etc.). The coherence with the local context in which they are supposed to intervene reveals the public politics limits, particularly in rural areas
El-Batal, Kamal. "La gouvernance synergique : une stratégie de développement local : cas de municipalités régionales de comté québécoises." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2012. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5186/1/030329359.pdf.
Full textDesbordes, Rodolphe. "Examen des liens entre gouvernance publique et investissement direct étranger dans les pays en développement." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010074.
Full textTelaidjia, Djamel. "Gouvernance des territoires et développement local : cas de la wilaya d’Annaba (extrême nord-est algérien)." Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN1005.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study and analysis of local governance modes in Algeria. We seek from the territorial actors, acting at the level of a wilaya, to assess the mechanisms that govern the functioning of public institutions in charge of development in Algeria. The objective is to arrive at identifying the level where the articulation points are located between the expectations of local populations and different levels of decision-making, which correspond to the design and the elaboration of development programs. From a multidisciplinary approach (particularly the geography and economy) of the mechanisms of territorial governance and by the review of the current project design procedures, we tend to explain modalities of steering of development projects in Algeria and their command scales. The aim is to highlight the functional deficits in this area, and their impact on the quality of local development. A local development that can be called in our case economic development or urbanization. For this, we have chosen as field of investigation the territories of the wilaya in Northeastern Algeria: Annaba, headed the fourth largest city and an area with high economic potential where the chances of a local development remain considerable
Khadraoui, Wahid. "Société de l'information: genèse, enjeux et défis de la gouvernance mondiale." Paris 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA020050.
Full textMathe, Syndhia. "Contribution de la gouvernance au développement durable et conditions de durabilité institutionnelle : Le cas de la mise en oeuvre du développement durable dans les systèmes aquacoles." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10063.
Full textSince the 1992 Rio conference and despite the development of numerous reference frameworks, injunctions and recommendations towards the implementation of Sustainable Development (SD), very little effective implementation in public policies is noticeable. This situation may be explained by the fact that SD characteristics, namely the procedural, transversal and multi-level aspects of SD, are not sufficiently taken into account. As a new reference framework, SD requires a comprehensive reflexion process whilst leaving open the possibility of a context-based implementation. This thesis assumes that SD should be appropriated through adapted and participatory mechanisms. Using the example of six diversified aquaculture systems [Brittany (France), Cameroon, the Philippines, the Mediterranean (Cyprus and France), Tangkit and Cirata (Indonesia)], we suggest a specific methodology enabling the implementation and appropriation of SD using both convention theory and management science in order to integrate the learning processes necessary for this appropriation. We show that taking governance into account is important not only as a goal, in its guise of the 4th pillar of SD, but also as a tool for its implementation. The originality of this work lies in the development of an analytical framework for regulation systems as well as the evaluation of a diversity of systems which allows a comparative approach of sustainability profiles. Furthermore, this thesis provides meta-databases related to aquaculture SD reference frameworks and initiatives and to governance indicators. It also suggests a framework for the evaluation of institutional sustainability which, although designed for aquaculture systems, can also be readily generalised to other sectoral or territorial approaches in order to highlight the institutional dimension of sustainable development
Rwanyiziri, Gaspard. "Géopolitique de l'environnement au Rwanda : pour une gouvernance participative des espaces protégés." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00449865.
Full textBoughanmi, Afef. "Droit, gouvernance d'entreprise et structure du système financier : analyse économétrique du cas français." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN20008.
Full textLes rapports de la Banque Mondiale "Doing business" (2004, 2005 et 2006), en s'appuyant sur les travaux fondateurs du courant Law and Finance, expriment plusieurs réserves à l'égard des qualités du droit civil et posent le postulat de la supériorité des systèmes juridiques de common law par rapport aux législations issues du droit civil français. Notre thèse constitue un début de réponse à ces critiques. En effet, nous nous proposons de tester la validité de la théorie "Law and Finance" proposée par LaPorta, Lopez-de-Silanes, Shleifer et Vishny (LLSV) en évaluant les relations entre les réformes en matière de gouvernance d'entreprise et la réorganisation du système financier en France entre 1980 et 2004. Notre travail est par conséquent, une contribution à l'étude de la gouvernance des entreprises en adoptant une approche nouvelle intégrant le facteur juridique en tant que mécanisme de gouvernance et en testant le pouvoir explicatif de la vision actionnariale. L'objectif de cette thèse est donc de discuter le postulat selon lequel il existe une relation forte et stable entre tradition juridique, niveau de protection des droits des investisseurs et développement financier, le droit influençant la finance. L'analyse se focalise sur l'aspect dynamique en évaluant l'impact de l'évolution des règles de gouvernance sur le développement financier. La protection des droits des actionnaires et des créanciers apparaît indépendante de la tradition juridique. De plus notre travail intègre d'autres partenaires de l'entreprise (les salariés et les obligataires), notre réflexion nous conduit à conclure que l'approche partenariale s'avère indispensable à la description et à l'analyse de la gouvernance des entreprises. Notre étude économétrique est novatrice principalement pour deux raisons. D'une part, les indicateurs des règles de gouvernance sont adaptés aux spécificités du droit français et ne sont pas calqués sur d'autres indicateurs et notamment ceux de LLSV. D'autre part, cette thèse propose une nouvelle méthode de construction des indicateurs juridiques en utilisant les méthodes statistiques de l'approche multicritère. En offrant une meilleure vision des liens particuliers entre les séries juridiques et financières, cette méthodologie a permis de prouver que le lien de causalité droit-finance n'est pas à sens unique, mais particulièrement tranchée de la finance vers le droit. La protection juridique des actionnaires, des créanciers, des salariés et des obligataires est influencée par les participants aux marchés. Cette thèse constitue donc une rupture avec les travaux de LLSV puisqu'elle permet de limiter la portée de leurs principales conclusions et prouve la supériorité de la vision partenariale
Xavier, pedroza filho Manoel. "Pertinence de la chaîne globale de valeur pour l'étude du marché de la fleur coupée dans l'union européenne et de ses implications dans les pays en voie de développement : le cas de la France et du Brésil." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NSAM0002.
Full textChanges in the French cut flower market are indicative of developments at the European level, in particular the consolidation of traditionally fragmented retail. Supermarkets along with florists franchises are leading this consolidation which has seen the reorganization of the entire supply chain. This analysis of the French cut flower market begins with a study of new modes of governance arising from retail reorganization. It then continues with a thorough study of the impacts of this new governance on actors at the upstream of the GVC (Global Value Chain). The methodology focuses on multiple case studies based on different GVC actors in France, Holland and Brazil. A major consequence of GVC restructuring is the strengthening of links between retailers, importers and foreign producers. While the retailers eliminated some intermediaries such as Dutch auctions and wholesalers, the importers increased their role by upsizing among them. The takeover of the GVC by retailers heavily impacts on producers in terms of volume, innovation, competitive pricing and quality standards. It mainly results in downstream integration of production which brings out PO (Producer Organizations) and excluded a part of unorganized small producers from the market. The case of Brazil confirms that the organization of the production sector is the essential condition of its access to a market driven by European retailers
Fournie, Sandrine. "Construction sociotechnique et relationnelle d'une gouvernance alimentaire territoriale." Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IAVF0014/document.
Full textLocal Agri-Food System (SYAL) represents a particular form of organization of production andconsumption. SYAL differs from agro-industrial system as it encompass the singular web ofrelationship which unit people, the qualification of products and territory through the valuationof specific resources and the types of coordination that are geographically and socially situated.An increasing number of initiatives try to implement them, through short food circuits,proximity supply chains or local food projects.Our work proposes an empirical journey and a sociological theorizing of the mechanismsthrough which a particular local agri-food system has been enhanced. We mobilize theframeworks of Actor-Network-Theory (ANT) on one hand and by the Social Network Analysis(SNA) on the other hand. We took the opportunity of an in depth study of an agriculturalcooperative named “Fermes of Figeac” to decipher processes of structuration of associationbetween farming practices, food provisioning, territorial human agency and valuation'sprocesses of the specific resources. Those associations are materialized in socio-technicalnetworks, which supported territorialized food supply chain. Inspired by the foundationalmodel of agricultural cooperation, the managerial core set of the organization has experimentedan approach of food provision governance in order to transform individual strategies in cooperativestrategies with the aim to answer sustainable challenge at the local level.Analyses based on ANT and SNA methodology assess translation's, transformation's andmediation's processes that intervene within organizations and on their borders. Going beyond afunctional analysis, we also analyze the collective construction and the coordination of humanagency and objects, at both individual and collective levels. We particularly shed light on therole of intermediation positions in strategic articulations and of the capacities of adaptation andinnovation. We also report the diversity and the variability of the relational forms that sustaindynamics of change.Released in an action-research approach, our work intends to articulate theoretical andempirical production. From an operational point of view, we draw attention to mediations(animations, documents, exchanges…) in the collective and co-operative processes and to theunpredictability of dynamics of change. This leads to take into account secondary networks andto identify intermediaries (beyond the formal core set of managers) in the analysis of territorialfood governance
Ilboudo, Jean christophe. "Gouvernance d'entreprise et développement des partenariats public-privé : cas de pays africains au sud du Sahara." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV041.
Full textThe public-private partnership is an alternative way of financing infrastructure, goods and services. the méchanisms of corporate gouvernance can bring more efficiency an efficiencies for developpement of public-private partnerships
Nava, Jiménez Luzma Fabiola. "La gouvernance du bassin versant du Rio Grande/Río Bravo et les principes du développement durable." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25823.
Full textThis dissertation, which falls within international studies, discusses the multi-level governmental structure of surface water resources management. From an interdisciplinary approach, reconciling geography and political science, this research focuses on the governance of surface waters across the scale of the Rio Grande/Río Bravo Watershed between the United States and Mexico and on the territorialization of various governments that respond in a fragmented manner to the needs in terms of sustainability. This dissertation is organized around one main research question: is the governance of surface waters of the Rio Grande/Río Bravo carried out according to the principles of sustainable development? Our case study demonstrates the existence of a framework of multi-level governance of surface water resources across the watershed. It stresses the disarticulation between the local, regional, state and federal scale due to territorial fragmentation. The concerns of sustainable development are specific to each region, as partitioned by the hydraulic development. Interviews conducted in the field with actors from the Rio Grande basin and the Río Bravo basin reflect the territorial division and the fragmentation in the management of water resources. Governance consists in a diversity of actors involved in the resource management within an institutional framework resistant to change. We show that power imbalances over the territory — regarding access to the resource, its availability and its control, and the geopolitical representations held by stakeholders — affect the coordination of activities across the watershed. The results demonstrate that the watershed is not recognized as the spatial unit for water resource management and sustainability. The institutional framework for resource sharing and the hydraulic development reinforce the basin organization into a heterogeneous set of sub-basins managing the resource at different scales. Each government deploys ad hoc strategies to deal with environmental problems, without sustainable development being a common concern for stakeholders on the watershed. In a context of multi-level governance and environmental problems related to the phenomenon of drought, the collaboration between the United States and Mexico is weakened by cross-border tensions that undermine mutual trust. Keywords: Multi-level governance, sustainable development, management of water resources, fragmentation, territorial breakdown, power imbalances, Rio Grande/Río Bravo Watershed, sub-basins, United States, Mexico.
Hounmenou, G. Bernard. "Décentralisation, gouvernance participative et dynamiques locales de développement : étude de cas en milieu rural au Bénin." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS007S.
Full textEconomics considers decentralization as a tool towards the adjustment of supply to collective goods demand. In public policies, its implementation is often justified by goals such as local preference revelation, governance promotion, or the proximity of the actors that contribute to the production of the collective goods. In this dissertation, the efficiency of decentralization is analyzed with respect to these various objectives. Theoretically, it relies on public and institutional economics studies, completed by other studies in the fields of governance theory and proximity economics. Empirically, the analyses of the dissertation rely on the dynamics of collective goods production in rural areas of Benin. Those analyses show that decentralization constitutes both a factor of proximity creation and of revelation of the local actors’ preference, in the production of collective goods. In a context of low rural mobility, proximity enables the actors to cooperate and reveal their preference in the context of this production. Through the participation of the actors to collective production, decentralization triggers the progressive emergence of local governance
Diawara, Boubacar. "Territorialisation des politiques publiques et reconstruction de l'Etat au Mali en termes de gouvernance." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC0050/document.
Full textWhile in France, the desire to take better account of the variability and multiplicity of local situations has led to the development of contractual programmes between the State and local authorities, in fields as varied as education, social action, housing, integration, health and safety. In African countries, where everything has to be redone, it is the administrative and political status quo. Public policies are decided and implemented by the central state. The decentralization policy was initiated in the 1990s following the emergence of democracy in most African countries.In Mali, the first decentralization laws were adopted in 1993. Faced with territorial imbalances that penalize their growth regime and thus job creation, African countries are nowadays gradually being led to change their modes of governance. The current model of territorial organization and centralized spatial planning seems not only ineffective but also inadequate to economic and social realities. The central state alone is unable to ensure a better territorial balance, to regulate urban growth, to lead and promote strategic approaches to combat the territorial divide. The territorialisation of public policies necessarily requires a courageous decentralisation policy aimed at giving local territorial levels extensive powers to plan and develop their territory.After 20 years of decentralization in Mali, a thorough reform is essential. A reform that would put local and regional authorities at the heart of development policies and the fight against territorial imbalances. Local and regional authorities with extensive powers must be able to make public action closer and more effective while adapting it to the diversity of territories. But these local strategic approaches will only be credible and effective, in the context of these countries, if they are promoted, supported and supervised by the national level while involving local public decision-makers. The whole issue of integrated territorial policies based and built on the dynamics of local actors in a multi-level governance system is at stake here
Nematollahi-Gillet, Azyadé. "Analyse théorique de la gouvernance et du développment soutenable dans une perspective institutionnaliste : le cas de l'accès à l'eau potable." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0387/document.
Full textInstitutional actors of development use to express recommendations in the area of access todrinking water towards the governments. The rules that determine the management of this resourceare, like all rules, of constructed nature. Questioning the theoretical reference behind the rulespromoted on the access to water and its relationship with the meaning given to the concept ofsustainable development, allows to understand, beyond the speech, the practical implications of such areference. Governance, and therefore the rule, in fact sets the problem of coordination betweenindividuals and coordination of the collective action; and sustainable development, as well sets theproblem of our relationship with the environment. So, it is ultimately the question of the desired modeof society and the means used for this purpose which is at stake.Using the systemic typology of norms developed within the approach of historical and pragmaticalinstitutionalism as well as the moral and political socio-economy of sustainable development, we tryto demonstrate that the rules of access to clean water promoted by those institutions belong, despite achange in rhetoric, to the neoliberal orthodoxy. The theoretical foundations of the neoliberal referenceprevents from conceiving and therefore from putting forward the question of power relations –between North and South, between States and between economic and social groups – hindering anyreal questioning of the existing order. To illustrate this, we will discuss the case of Chile, whichtypically exemplifies our issue
Diarra, Gaoussou. "The governance doctrine and the agenda of multilateral institutions in developing countries : an international political economy approach." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF10387.
Full textThis interdisciplinary thesis in economics and political science analyzes the multidimensional aspects of the governance doctrine in the agendas of multilateral and International Organizations (IOs) by adopting the framework of International Political Economy (IPE). The first part uses two chapters to analyze the doctrine of governance in its genesis, conceptualization, diffusion and appropriation in the international development community. Chapter 1 found that current approaches of governance break with traditional approaches of political legitimacy and economic efficiency by taking into account the hybridity, heterogeneity and multiplicity of stakeholders in decision-Making. Chapter 2 brings its contribution to the debate on ideas and norms diffusion in development policies scene by taking the example of the world Bank and its agenda on governance norms. We show that the World Bank has developed different behaviors vis- à-Vis the governance doctrine, moving from economic to political and social approaches through a neoliberal framework. The World Bank’s smart power, based on its governance indicators, has been found to exert some notable influences on its foreign development assistance policies as well as those of the other key aid actors. Through two chapters, the second part investigates about social and environmental dimensions of governance in a perspective of sustainable development in developing countries. Chapter 3 studies the behaviors of IOs in terms ofsocial governance. Its empirical investigations, on the effects of multilateral aid on income inequalities and social protection in developing countries, show that aid has beneficial effects only in recipient countries presenting good governance policies. Ultimately, chapter 4 proposes a principal-Agent model highlighting some political economy interactions between supply and demand sides for good governance in the case of environmental compliance, corruption and deforestation in developing countries. This chapter shows empirically that multilateral aid, to the forestry sector, is more effective in reducing deforestation in countries presenting both a better environmental compliance and rule of law
Ndiaye, Amadou Tidiane. "Le transfert des périmètres irrigués dans le delta du fleuve Sénégal : gouvernance locale ou étatisation?" Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0379.
Full textThis doctoral thesis develops the problem of the self-management of the irrigated areas transferred to the peasant organizations of the Senegal River delta. It analyzes the logic and the real motivations of this transfer but also the local governance constraints against state actors resistance to give up their authoritarianism. This so-called salutary empowerment was hastily given and has for consequences: adjournment or transposition of the economic and social disparities generated and maintained by the system of state frame, transformation of the hydraulic Unions in potential zone of tensions and conflicting places between factions in search of poxer and emergency of a bureaucratic peasant elite. Nevertheless, it created a social bubbling situation which triggered a reflexive brainwork on the rice-growing, the agricultural professionalization and the auto-development
Camara, Makha. "Repenser la sécurité, un impératif de développement pour l'Afrique." Montpellier 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON30009.
Full textThe break-up of the notion of security, which started at the end of World War II, has become even more marked since the end of the cold war. The State is no longer the only centre of security stakes, as new doctrines on security appears (on human and global security in this case). In Africa, the end of the cold war has opened a new era in which several factors have inevitably implied rethinking the notion of security, and rethinking the security policies implemented. At the end of the cold war, subsaharan Africa lost its strategic importance for the Western world, which until then had been engaged in a global fight against communism. France, which was a major reference in this area, started to withdraw in the early nineties, and has reinforced this attitude since 1994. It is much less implied in security and cooperation policies. The void left by the French has increased the African powers' need for security, wich tends to be met by private security operators, as much in the civil as in the military area. Moreover, the rise in conflicts within the States, and their tendency to take on a regional dimension, has reduced the control of the State over security matters. Far from being mainly related to security matters, the causes of these atrocious conflicts can be found in the failure of policies and the failure of the idea of development that existed until the early 2000s. All these factors imply that security should be rethought. This entails new policies which mean Africans should take control of their own security (these new policies will thus be African, and based on African instruments) and which should be implemented on a regional level (and not only at the level of the State). In the same way, foreign assistance concerning security should be multilateral (and less and less bilateral, at least in terms of conflict management). But whereas in Western countries, the State is less and less at the centre of security, in Africa nothing can be considered without strengthening the institutions of the State, which alone can guarantee the best conditions of security and thus of development. A new and wider idea of security implies a notion of development which should better take into account the situation of the majority of the population, which is excluded, marginalised or in extreme poverty
Wallet, Frédéric. "La gouvernance du développement des territoires ruraux : analyse des dispositifs de coordination et des processus d'innovation institutionnelle." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40018.
Full textThe reorganization at work in rural areas describes a mosaic of situations stressing the important role of coordination mechanisms to explain territorial virtuous trajectories and situations of decline. But, as a paradox, public interventions appear more and more difficult to define and settle, emphasizing territorial governance as a core issue. This is the subject of this thesis, which deals with this issue through two questions: the role of territorial governance in territorial development, and the forms and changes in institutions devices as part of territorial governance. The first part addresses the terms of the current debate on territorial governance issues and their role in the development process, and presents the main concepts and analytical grids of the literature on this concept, before clearing an analytical grid mobilized in the following chapters. The second part focuses on two major dimensions of territorial governance, the role of conflict and negotiation processes and innovation in institutional devices. The third part deals with the influence of forms of governance on the valuation methods of territorial resources. Reflections relate specifically to the involvement of stakeholders in the implementation of management systems of public goods on illustrated by the example of geographical indication devices, and the role of private and community initiatives as contributing to the governance of rural areas, illustrated by the strategy of agricultural cooperatives
Nekrouf, Salima. "Calcutta et ses ports : 40 ans de développement régional et de gouvernance portuaire : Acteurs, enjeux et conflits." Thesis, Perpignan, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PERP0003.
Full textPort development is put into perspective from the ports of Calcutta, the third metropolis by population in India. The object of analysis is the port regionalization phenomenon in India, defined by a port governance of its own. The research focuses port geography, economic geography and regional geography in a process that allows us to understand the port governance in India, as well as the city-port relationship. It thus interrogates two concepts in harbor geography regionalization and port governance in India. The thesis shows that the port regionalization fits into the evolution of port governance that characterizes Calcutta. It stresses the relevance of the concept of port governance as an analytical category of port regionalization phenomenon as a process and as political, social and economic issue. Moreover, the role of governance in the port city harbor report is highlighted by the study of economic choices openly in opposition to neoliberal policies colors of the Government of West Bengal Communist since 1977. In this specific context in West Bengal port regionalization evolves through a succession of stages marked by the initiation of reforms gradually involving the participation of private capital. In India, decisions on port reforms, often at the expense of the most vulnerable populations (farmers) are not without social problems, which have evolved into serious conflicts between indigenous people and other actors involved in the port question. In Calcutta, the challenges of regional port development raises the question of the place of its ports as a development tool for this region of India, South Asia become an emerging power on the international stage
Bothello, Joel. "From global formulation to local legitimation : the trajectory of urban sustainability." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, Ecole supérieure des sciences économiques et commerciales, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESEC0003.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the development of a powerful idea in transnational space – referred to here as a “world myth” – and demonstrates the effect of this myth on contemporary organizational structures and discourses. My research takes the environmental movement in the twentieth century as an object of study, examining the effects of this movement within the context of urban governance. There are three theoretical pillars which comprise the dissertation: The first is the literature on path generation, which frames the transnational emergence of environmentalism as a process of negotiation around meaning. The second pillar is based on the concept of regime intermediation, illuminating the mechanisms and actors behind myth diffusion to local actors. The final chapter is founded upon a theory of organizational narratives, highlighting how new organizations legitimate their founding principles – and indeed their very existence – through a strategic combination of local and transnational discourse. These three papers all employ qualitative case study methods, oriented around a process thinking approach. The first chapter is based upon a conceptual genealogy method, identifying changes in meaning contained within key texts at specific junctures in time. The second chapter employs a historiographic archive analysis of organizational reports, to trace the strategies of one influential intermediary charged with diffusing environmentalism to local recipients. The third chapter uses a contrast of contexts approach to highlight the similarities and differences between narratives in two of the largest urban sustainability projects in the world. The objective of this dissertation is threefold: First, I demonstrate how a taken-for-granted aspect of organizational governance is not a static outcome of a rational institutionalization process, but rather a malleable product subject to ongoing discursive negotiations. Secondly, I highlight the impact of a transnational myth upon local organizational discourse and narratives, and identify how a myth can be used as a strategic resource to build legitimacy. Finally, I illustrate the feedback that local adaptation provides for transnational level discourse, defining the transnational conceptualization of the myth over time
Diagne, Ndeye Sokhna. "Le développement local, sens et application d’un concept : analyse d’un Fonds de développement local dans les régions pauvres du Sénégal." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30071/document.
Full textABSTRACT This research has the ambition to revisit the theories of social action, social capital and those of the territory-actor to capture the dynamic interactions of actors and territories under the territorial development. The need for articulation between theory and practice is also taken into account through the analysis of lessons learned from the Support Programm for Small Local Irrigation (PAPIL) in the light of the above theoretical approaches. The implementation of PAPIL which aims to support people in building a project of sustainable and inclusive territory in a collective perspective and relying on local resources, is in the need to anticipate to accompany the changes taking place at "local societies plagued by de-structuring and restructuring." In its approach, the project is part PAPIL new generations in local development. It aims to encourage and facilitate locally common and shared willingness to emerge a draft territorial development and wealth creation. The geographical scope of the study consists of Fatick, Kolda, Tambacounda, Kédougou considered among the poorest in Senegal about 80 000 km2 and a population estimated at about 2,209,511 million in 2013. The PAPIL intervenes in those territories that have values, beliefs, an experience that must necessarily be taken into account. The social and societal dimensions are decisive in the formulation and implementation of a local development project. In this context, these territories were analyzed from four identity components on which exercises the lever of governance namely the societal, social, international and government / NGO / project. This research has identified for each territory, the actuating levers to implement optimally a local development program. Keywords: local Development - Territories- local Actors - local governance- decentralization- local development projects
Toledo, Figueroa Diana Evangelina. "Gouvernance, démocratie et développement : les dynamiques du pouvoir autour du processus de décentralisation éducative au Mexique (1982-2006)." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0134.
Full textAccording to the « Good Governance » principles, this thesis analyses the undergoing dynamics in education between the State, Civil Society and the Private Sector in Mexico. A central element of the Good Governance principles is the importance granted to decentralization as a device to better manage complex and different contexts. International organisms see this policy as a means to increase accountability of governments regarding their population needs, reducing poverty and fostering a better development. One of the objectives of this thesis is to analyze whether this Good Governance principles can be applied to Mexico, which adjustments may be needed across lime for this or according to different group interests and the specific implications that may appear in the case of the Mexican education sector. The period analyzed starts from the economic crisis of 1982, a key moment for democratization mobilizations in Mexico. The year 2006 corresponds to the end of the first presidential period recognized internationally as "democratic". It is during this 24-year period that took place, in 1992, the signature of the Acuerdo Nacional para la Modernizacion Educativa (ANMEB), between the Government of Mexico, the Governments of Federal States and the Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educacion (SNTE). Through this agreement, a decentralization reform was planned, but also a reform of the career systems of education workers and curricular contents, although results today seem limited
Akrimi, Neila. "Le partenariat euro-méditerranéen, un modèle de développement régional à l'épreuve de la globalisation." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32002.
Full textDhahi, Sellami Nadia. "Convergence entre les institutions de gouvernance publique et privée : rôle des Systèmes Nationaux de Gouvernance : cas des pays du Maghreb : Tunisie – Algérie – Maroc." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40031/document.
Full textMaghreb countries (Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco) have undertaken substantial structural reforms on the political and economical level. Their macro-economical equilibrium is almost under control and they benefit from increased E.U. partnerships coupled with international aid programs. However, these countries have failed to reach a sustained growth level that would allow them to develop. Based on a theoretical framework centered on the interrelationship between mechanisms of public and private governance, this doctoral research aims at understanding the reasons behind the Maghreb countries’ development block.From a strict definition of governance and using the MINEFI "Institutional Profiles" database, for the years 2001 and 2009, we built 31 variables of institutional, public and private, governance for 51 developed and developing countries. Dynamics of the National Systems of Governance of the Maghreb countries were examined and compared to that of other countries, particularly to that of Central and Eastern Europe countries.The use of data factor analysis and linear regressions has highlighted the importance of governance institutions that are related to the levels of formalization of rules, and that explain the development or its hiatus in these countries. Our results also showed, in comparison with the Central and Eastern Europe countries, that the transition of the Maghreb countries is explained largely by their low level of formalization of rules and by their almost stagnation between 2001 and 2009. The different levels of freedoms granted to citizens also helped explaining the differences in development between countries
Kouma, Bakary. "La mobilisation des ressources humaines et Organisationnelles, face au défi du développement local : cas des collectivités décentralisées du Mali." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MON30011.
Full textThe fall of Berlin’s Wall in November 1989, was the beginning of an unprecedented movement of democratization called the 'winds' of the East. These 'winds' continued until Africa in South of Sahara. After François Mitterrand’s speech (“Sommet France / Afrique de La Baule”, from 19 to 21 June 1990); there have been a series of national conferences in favor of multiparty and the most remarkable was the case of Benin. Mali has made its national conference in August 1991 after the revolution of March the same year. Today, the situation is bitter, the people of Mali has not had the expected result of his fight against dictatorship and poverty in 1991. The municipalities face critical gaps in coverage of basic social services. This situation persists and inequalities continue between rich and poor in the same municipality. There are several explanations for this: the transfer of powers has not been followed by the transfer of resources (human, financial, etc.), the lack of strong stakeholders encouraged incivility and corruption (consequences: the own resources of municipalities are not mobilized optimally and the little that is mobilized is generally poorly managed). The main question of our problem: At the actual state of the mobilization of human and organizational resources, the municipalities of Mali, are they able to win the fight for the challenge of local development? The situation that intrigues us, the problem we are trying to understand or explain; the disappointment of the people of Mali after the revolution of January in March 1991. The security deterioration since the war in Mali 2012, and the military coup that followed, has a very negative impact on the mobilization of human and organizational resources
Polge, Etienne. "Développement et gouvernance des territoires ruraux : une analyse des dynamiques d’interactions dans deux dispositifs institutionnels en Amazonie brésilienne." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AGPT0051/document.
Full textThis thesis proposes a renewed analytic framework of the governance of rural territories, implemented within institutional arrangements. In a globalized world, where focus on growth processes leads to fast and frequently poorly controlled mutations, territorial development plays a fundamental role. Mobilizing actors and developing local resources supports the differentiation of territories and contributes to the sustainability of actions. Public policies can support this approach by proposing institutional arrangements such as the “Territorial Development Collegiate Body” set up by the Brazilian government's “Territories of citizenship” program. Nevertheless, the low demographic density of many rural territories, the existence of societal projects strongly differentiated and the limited competences on governance constitute many other obstacles. This work aims to enrich the reflection, starting from investigations carried out in two contrasted territories in the State of Pará, located in Brazilian Amazon : Baixo Amazonas and Nordeste Paraense. Surveys on territorial dynamics and interaction dynamics were carried out with actors participating within collegiate bodies and with those at the level of “Local Productive Arrangements”. Zoning based on stakeholders' mental representations highlighted the determining influence of entrepreneurial dynamics, normative frameworks, urbanization and infrastructures on the evolution of the territories. It seems that initiatives of local actors and public institutions are insufficiently coordinated to support rural development. Social networks and proximity analysis carried out starting from ethnographic and sociometric interviews show that institutional arrangements facilitate collaborations between actors who are geographically distant or initially not very inclined to communicate, while limiting closure on logics of similarity or local logics. This reveals that a constant assistance must be brought particularly to the members of the arrangements who are embedded in networks at various levels so that they adopt a posture of mediators of the territorial governance and acquire the necessary know-how
Mossi, Maïga Illiassou. "Gestion collective des aménagements hydro-agricoles au Niger : gouvernance locale et mobilisation des ressources pour une mise en valeur viable." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20012.
Full textIrrigation represents a major issue for Niger, a country which is frequently food non sufficient due to rainfall deficits. Since the 1960s, the focus has been put on the realization of large irrigation networks, essentially in the valley of the Niger river. From the beginning until the 1980s, governmental agencies have played an important role in the management of the irrigation systems. During the ten following years, the management responsibility was progressively transferred to agricultural cooperatives. This period reflects the transition from a hierarchical State governance to a local governance. Since, peasant organizations have been elaborating practical rules, often distinct from the prescribed rules, in order to alleviate financial, technical and organizational constraints. Observations show that these local arrangements were designed following a short term logic to solve concrete and local problems encountered by members of the irrigation networks. Using a theoretical framework based on the concept of governance, this thesis analyzes the emergence and the evolution of the rules, and confronts the prescribed rules to those effectively applied. It shows that practical rules tend to underscore social viability rather than economic and technical efficiency criteria. However, peasant organizations have difficulties to ensure the sustainable working of the irrigated systems, especially because they do not take into account the problem of the equipment replacement
Breuil, Lise. "Renouveler le partenariat public-privé pour les services d'eau dans les pays en développement - Comment conjuguer les dimensions contractuelles, institutionnelles et participatives de la gouvernance ? -." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000979.
Full textDiallo, Alfa Oumar. "A nova parceria para o desenvolvimento da África : NEPAD, paradigma para o desenvolvimento." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/7484.
Full textOs chefes de Estado africanos, após a transformação da Organização da Unidade Africana em União Africana, propuseram a Nova Parceria para o Desenvolvimento da África (NEPAD), como um quadro para uma nova relação de parceria entre a África e a comunidade internacional. Neste sentido de nova parceria, os dirigentes africanos se engajaram em promover nos seus países, na sua região e no Continente, a paz, a segurança, a democracia, a boa governança, o respeito dos direitos humanos e uma saudável gestão econômica, como uma estratégia para orientar o desenvolvimento da África no século XXI. A NEPAD suscitou uma reação positiva na comunidade internacional. A NEPAD repousa sobre fundamentos de desenvolvimento duradouro no Continente, sem os quais tornam-se impossíveis resultados concretos. Entre esses fundamentos podemos citar: a democracia, a boa governança, a governança econômica e a governança das empresas. Para alcançar o objetivo, a NEPAD propõe reformas institucionais como a utilização de meios de avaliação que permitem instaurar definitivamente a boa governança nas estruturas do Estado.
Gbechoevi, Alohoutadé Alexandre. "De la gouvernance et du développement de la république du Bénin en vue de la Concorde (1960-2010) : échecs, enjeux et perspectives." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30094/document.
Full textThe theme of governance and development for harmony in the Republic of Benin (1960-2010) allows us to understand that failures to the union or unit in Benin are already sprains to the unification. The Beninese has never managed to be sincere towards each other. The games of betrayal that existed between them since the days when the horrors of royal wars marked negatively all the warring parties have survived to modern times. And is the lack of mutual forgiveness for a sincere reconciliation which causes the tripped governance concerted and consistent in our country. This is a source of political and social instability. She developed behaviors that are tribal and ethnic mutate into excessive individualism among citizens albeit are the types of political regimes that we have achieved. However, no economy can prosper if it is against the true sense of fairness. This causes the underdevelopment of the Republic of Benin. The classical theories of economics ("growth first, then redistribution" of Lewis) fail. These so-Called extremists ("Redistribution first, then growth") fail as well as those covered by the models reformist ("distribution and redistribution or satisfaction of basic human needs ").We must therefore describe the prospects for improving the quality of human resources, economics, form of governance ... for harmony for the presidential term 2011-2016 and possible consequences of governance in the Republic of Benin
Niang, Demba. "Gouvernance locale, maîtrise d'ouvrage communale et stratégies de développement local au Sénégal : l'expérience de la ville de Saint-Louis." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00134553.
Full textquestions. Un fort sentiment se dégage, selon lequel, une fois le quitus politique acquis, les élus
semblent se contenter de la démocratie de représentation qui les a portés au pouvoir local. Ces
questions prennent, notamment, la forme d'une défiance des populations vis-à-vis de l'action publique
locale et d'une fracture sociale dans laquelle continue à s'exprimer le sous-développement.
Plusieurs réformes ont été conduites depuis 1966 et se sont poursuivies jusqu'en 1996 avec les lois sur
la régionalisation. Des collectivités locales ont tenté des expériences avec, souvent, une impulsion venue
du dehors du fait notamment de la coopération décentralisée. Même s'il apparaît qu'une bonne part de
l'impulsion vient de l'extérieur, l'expérience menée à Saint-Louis, avec la coopération décentralisée à
travers le Partenariat Lille/Saint-Louis a prouvé que le développement local peut se réaliser. Malgré les
contraintes auxquelles la ville et son Institution sont confrontées, une volonté politique locale s'est
exprimée pour relayer les impulsions extérieures.
Quels enseignements peut-on tirer de la mise en oeuvre de cette démarche ?
Dans quelle mesure le financement et la réalisation d'infrastructures, principalement financées par
l'extérieur, contribuent-ils à renforcer la vision et les capacités des élus à conduire les politiques de
développement prenant en compte le point de vue et les attentes des différents groupes sociaux ? Plus
généralement, en quoi les dispositifs mis en place à Saint-Louis (l'Agence de Développement Communal
et les Conseils de Quartier) favorisent-ils une gestion démocratique, efficace et transparente de la
Collectivité locale ?
En posant ces questions dans le cadre d'une thèse, l'objectif était, d'une part, de capitaliser, dans un
cadre académique, une expérience de terrain conduite pendant une décennie et, d'autre part, de prendre
le recul nécessaire pour problématiser les pratiques de développement induites par cette expérience
dans un contexte marqué par un jeu et un système d'acteurs d'une rare complexité. Cette capitalisation et
ce recul observé, aux fins d'une problématisation ont conduit à un questionnement sur les
transformations qu'a connues Saint-Louis et leur l'impact sur les capacités de la maîtrise d'ouvrage
communale qui, avec le renforcement de la démocratie locale, paraissent être des fondements
indispensables à une municipalisation digne de ce nom.