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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gour'
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Azerad, Patricia. "Le roman policier israélien : Batya Gour et Shulamit Lapid." Paris, INALCO, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INAL0015.
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Guin, Deb Prasad. "Ecology and behaviour of Gour (Bosgaurus H Smith) in North Bengal region, West Bengal, India." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/986.
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Xiao, Yunlong [Verfasser], Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Jost, and Gilad [Gutachter] Gour. "A Framework for Uncertainty Relations / Yunlong Xiao ; Gutachter: Gilad Gour ; Betreuer: Jürgen Jost." Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://d-nb.info/124070142X/34.
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Williams, Sandra Elizabeth. "Bureaucracy, law and power - water allocation for productive use: Policy and implementation, a case study of black emerging farmers in the Breede Gour i t z Water Management Area in theWestern Cape,South Africa, 2005-2017." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7394.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThis study examines the problems of implementing water allocation policy in the context of the local state bureaucracy as well as the specific experiences of local black emerging farmers in the Breede Gouritz Water Management Area. This study used qualitative research methods and is based on many hours of interviews and observing bureaucrats and stakeholders at the receiving end of the bureaucratic business process of water allocation. It is not only concerned with the physical and technical aspects of access but explores how the different role players interact, navigate, shape, frame and manage challenges to gain access to and control water for productive use. The actual experiences and understandings of the stakeholders in their own contexts when engaging with the access to water are crucial to gain a comprehensive understanding and insight into the influence of bureaucracy and power relations. This thesis therefore maps the confusions and incapacities and shows that even though the South African laws are based on the best international frameworks, they fail, as they do not sufficiently address the unique environment and landscape. Existing scholarship has not adequately researched local bureaucratic power. At the coalface of implementation, bureaucrats make up their own rules to cope with rapid policy churning. Combined with existing power relations, policy implementation and policy direction is steered towards different and unintended trajectories, making transformation a challenge to achieve. Consequently, my main finding is that there have been constant and rapid legislative and policy changes but they have simply added to the confusion and instability.
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Scheler, Jonas. ""Kläderna gör mannen" - Gör kläder politik?" Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Journalism, Media and Communication (JMK), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-40377.
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Mode i politiken - ett omskrivet ämne i media. Det sträcker sig från Mona Sahlins väska till Carl Bildts camouflagekavaj. På liknande sätt blev Nya Moderaternas "klädkod" föremål för debatt. Men hur viktiga är politikernas klädsel? Enligt teorin finns det en tendens till att den politiska journalistiken alltmer trivialiserar och skandaliserar politiken. Politiken medialiseras och estetiseras. Mot denna bakgrund var mitt syfte att undersöka modets betydelse och funktion. Min ambition var att studera vilka olika faktorer som avgör modets relevans i politiken. Kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes med tre aktörer verksamma inom politiken respektive medierna.
Resultaten visade att det finns sex aspekter som är betydelsefulla faktorer som förklarar modets betydelse och funktion; 1) mode kommunicerar och påverkar; 2) mode kan skapa efterfrågan; 2) mode anses vara genusrelaterat; 3) mode anses kunna uttrycka identitet; 4) politikernas klädsel har nyhetsvärde som ibland kan skada deras trovärdighet; 5) mode i politiken anses inte ha en avgörande betydelse vad gäller väljarpåverkan; 6) det har skett en kontinuerlig utveckling och förändring under de senaste årtiondena där mode fått en allt större betydelse.
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Bognar, Katalin. "Modélisation du gout." Chambéry, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CHAMS009.
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L’objectif de ce travail est la modélisation du gout ; plus précisément un des buts est la prédiction du profil sensoriel donne par un individu goutant un plat ; l'individu étant déjà connu par les résultats d'une série de dégustations exécutées auparavant. Mesurer le gout d'un plat est une activité combinée qui consiste d'une part à gouter le plat préparé et d'autre part à exprimer les perceptions éveillées. Le modèle d'un plat est lié à la recette à partir de laquelle il a été préparé. Ici ; les recettes sont exprimées dans un langage, cordon bleu, que nous avons développé, qui ressemble à un langage de programmation. Ainsi, les recettes sont représentées de façon manipulable et compréhensible. Pour mettre au point le modèle de gouteur nous avons utilisé la pratique de l'analyse sensorielle et nous utilise un certain nombre d'expériences dans le domaine des profils sensoriels. Les recettes, en cordon bleu, nous permettent de calculer ce que nous appelons le profil sensoriel de l'ordinateur. Le profil sensoriel (pour un plat) d'un gouteur est calculé à partir du profil sensoriel de l'ordinateur qui est perturbé en utilisant des connaissances préalables sur le gouteur. La comparaison des profils sensoriels estimés aux résultats expérimentaux (limites à 5 recettes et 11 assesseurs) indique qu'on peut les prédire avec une bonne précision, meilleure qu'une moyenne. De plus, l'analyse des résultats indique les profils sensoriels calculés par ordinateur sont de meilleurs prédicteurs que les individus eux-mêmes, dont les réponses changent avec le temps.
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Glubochenko, O. V. "Spinal gout: clinical aspects." Thesis, БДМУ, 2022. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/19563.
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Howren, Alyssa. "Management of gout from the patient perspective." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62662.
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Gruber, Sabine. "Skolan gör skillnad : etnicitet och institutionell praktik /." Linköping : Institutionen för samhälls- och välfärdsstudier, Linköpings universitet, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8775.
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Thanassoulis, George. "Gout and allopurinol use in heart failure." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103495.
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Heart failure (HF) and gout are common medical conditions that lead to significant morbidity and mortality in Canada and the US. We conducted a population-based nested case-control study to investigate the associations between gout, allopurinol use and HF outcomes using administrative data from the province of Quebec. Our analysis demonstrates that a history of gout is associated with increased HF readmission and death in HF patients (adjusted RR 1.63; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.48-1.80). We also show that chronic allopurinol use, a common medication for gout, is associated with reductions in adverse outcomes in HF patients with a history of gout (adjusted RR 0.69, 95% CI 0.60-0.79). Due to the observational nature of our study, residual confounding due to unknown or unmeasured confounding could still bias our findings. Herein, we present a novel method to estimate and control for such confounding by estimating the confounding risk ratio during the null induction time. Use of this method is illustrated using an example from the literature and we discuss the assumptions, limitations and statistical considerations of our method.L'insuffisance cardiaque (IC) et la goutte sont des conditions médicales fréquentes qui sont des causes importantes de morbidité et de mortalité au Canada et aux États-Unis. Nous avons entrepris une étude populationelle « case-control » avec des données administratives de la province du Québec pour investiguer l'association entre la goutte ou l'allopurinol avec le prognostic de l'IC. Notre analyse démontre qu'un antécedent de goutte est associé à une hausse du taux de réadmissions à l'hôpital pour l'IC et une augmentation de la mortalité parmi les patients avec IC (RR ajusté 1.63; 95% CI 1.48-1.80). Cependant, nous demontrons que la prise d'allopurinol est associée à une réduction de la réadmission à l'hôpital pour IC et une diminution de la mortalité (RR ajusté 0.69, 95% CI 0.60-0.79). Comme notre étude est observationelle, les facteurs confondants qui ne sont pas disponibles ou qui sont inconnus peuvent biaiser nos résultats. Nous présentons une nouvelle méthode qui permet l'estimation et le contrôle de ces facteurs confondants basée sur l'estimation du « confounding rate ratio ». Nous présentons un example utilisant cette nouvelle méthode, et nous discutons les suppositions, les limitations et les considérations statistiques de cette méthode.
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Gorr, Bronislava [Verfasser]. "Oxidationsverhalten refraktärmetallbasierter Konstruktionswerkstoffe für Hochtemperaturanwendungen / Bronislava Gorr." Siegen : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Siegen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1191480070/34.
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Froloff, Nicolas. "Modélisation moléculaire des sites récepteurs du gout." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EPXX0009.
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Un grand nombre de données expérimentales sur le système gustatif périphérique suggèrent l'existence de sites récepteurs multiples, de faible affinité et de faible spécificité, responsables de la détection et de la discrimination parfaite d'un nombre illimité de molécules organiques. Selon cette hypothèse, un site récepteur gustatif peut lier de nombreuses molécules, de même qu'une molécule peut interagir avec plusieurs types de sites récepteurs. L'analyse statistique des estimations d'intensité, réalisées par plusieurs dizaines de sujets humains pour diverses molécules, permet de calculer des distances intermoléculaires biologiques, deux molécules «étant d'autant plus proches qu'elles interagissent avec des sites récepteurs communs. Au cours de cette étude, les propriétés de liaison hydrogène et d'interaction hydrophobe ont été cartographiées sur la surface d'accessibilité au solvant de 14 molécules organiques sapides, afin d'identifier des motifs communs a plusieurs molécules, potentiellement complémentaires de certains sites récepteurs gustatifs. Dans ce but, les 14 molécules ont été découpées en 240 fragments, chacun possédant en moyenne 3 zones d'interactions potentielles. Un indice de correspondance à été défini pour évaluer l'analogie de deux fragments correctement superposés. Les 75 fragments les plus représentatifs des 14 molécules ont tous été superposés deux à deux. Le tri du résultat des 2775 comparaisons a permis de déterminer 12 groupes distincts de fragments. Ces 12 types de fragments ont été utilisés pour calculer des distances intermoléculaires structurales. Nous avons alors recherché la combinaison de fragments réalisant le meilleur accord entre les distances biologiques et les distances structurales. Le résultat final est un sous-ensemble de 7 types de fragments parmi les 12, rendant au mieux compte des distances intermoléculaires biologiques (p<0,001). Ces 7 types de fragments sont de bons candidats pour être complémentaires d'autant de sites récepteurs gustatifs distincts
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Kaushanska, O. V. "Peculiarities of gout in patients with metabolic disorders." Thesis, БДМУ, 2021. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/18590.
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Pocópio, Carlos Eduardo Pinto. "Universidade, formação e missão o movimento dos grupos de oração universitários carismáticos." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2008. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3351.
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Esta dissertação pretende analisar a inserção de grupos de oração carismáticos no meio universitário. Pretende-se questionar o senso comum “douto” presente neste meio que afirma que esta inserção pode ser vista como questionadora da composição moderna (laica) da universidade. Reforça esse questionamento a análise das articulações que esses grupos vêm realizando, o que permite encontrar mais modernidade nesses grupos e menos laicidade na universidade. Os universitários que participam desses grupos não apenas rezam, cantam e pregam, também procuram falar e se envolver com a ciência, o mundo do trabalho e a participação política. Não seriam estes elementos pilares constitutivos de nossa universidade? Desse modo, a medida em que acionam dispositivos próprios da universidade legitimam sua inserção, sem ter que dever nada para a universidade, que é por eles assimilada.
L’objectif de celle dissertacion est analyser l'intégration des groupes de prière charismatique dans le milieu universitaire. L'objectif est discuter le sens commun “douto” présent dans l’université, lequel affirme que cette intégration peut être considérée comme remise en question de la composition moderne (laïque) de l'université. Renforce cette question l'analyze de l’articulacion que ces groupes réalisent, ce qui permet de trouver plus modernité aux groupes et moins de la laïcité dans l’université. Les universitaires qui participent ces groupes ne sont pas prié seulement, chanté et de prêché, mais aussi ils sont parlé et cherché à s'impliquer avec la science, le monde du travail et la participation politique. Ne serait pas ces éléments piliers constitutifs de notre université? Ainsi, quand ils ont rapporté dispositifs propre de l'université légitimé son insertion, sans avoir à être quelque chose de l'université, qui est assimilé par eux.
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Brambeck, Linda, and Charlotte Isaksson. "”DET VIKTIGA ÄR INTE VAD MAN GÖR, UTAN ATT MAN GÖR NÅGOT” : Plugga klart 2 – ett projekt i syfte att minska studieavbrott." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad utbildningsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-150316.
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Ungdomar som inte fullföljer gymnasiet riskerar att hamna i utanförskap och arbetslöshet, vilket påverkar både individen och samhället i stort. Plugga klart är ett projekt med syfte att förebygga studieavbrott genom att identifiera orsakerna och genomföra insatser. Uppsatsens syfte är att genom de deltagande skolorna kartlägga vilka aktiviteter som används inom Plugga klart 2 och vilka lärdomar som projektet bidragit till. Som metod används kvalitativa intervjuer av delprojektledare och projektansvariga. Resultatet presenteras utifrån de utvecklingsområden som skolorna valt att fokusera på och utifrån den fyrstegsmodell som förespråkas inom studie-och yrkesvägledningen. Studien visar att skolorna arbetar med samordning av insatser genom att en person ansvarar för översyn av elevärenden, samt att rutiner kring överlämningar utvecklas. Som valkompetenshöjande aktivitet arbetar skolorna med de horisontella principerna, samsyn och struktur som utgångspunkt. Största lärdomen ur projektet är vinsten med att ha en samordnande funktion, vilket gynnar såväl elever som övrig personal.
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Jackson, Caroline. "The lived experience of the popular music festival-goer." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2014. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/22419/.
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This study provides an in-depth understanding of the lived experience of people that attended a popular music festival in the UK. The research is grounded in the philosophical roots of both experience and descriptive phenomenology. Phenomenological research is about “going back to people’s specific experiences and letting the concepts come from there” (Todres and Holloway 2010, p183). The research used Giorgi’s descriptive phenomenological method (1985, 2009). Giorgi’s method is based on the early twentieth century philosopher Husserl’s scientific approach to developing phenomenology. Giorgi (2009) offers a robust process for analysing situated experiences that gives a clear insight into a phenomenon. Ten interviews with festival-goers who went to the Isle of Wight Festival in June 2011 were conducted. Using Giorgi’s method, the participants’ words were transformed into meaning units, which then underwent a process of descriptive analysis. This involved scientific phenomenological reduction using free imaginative variation. The constituent parts of the experience were identified and used to set out, what Husserl (1982 [1925]) defines as the morphological essence of the experience. This was achieved by formulating an invariant structure that eidetically captured the phenomenon of the popular music festival experience. The constituents discovered to form the structure of the phenomenon, that is the lived popular music festival experience, can be drawn as polar opposites. However the nature of the experience is more about the mixed valence of emotions rather than the bipolar explanation of concepts such as reversal theory. This resonates with the critical theories of leisure, especially that of freedom and constraint and the need to accept negative as well as positive emotions in a holistic view of the experience. Stebbins (2006, 2011) may refer to leisure studies as the 'happy science', but the research not only identified the highs experienced by the participants but also their depths of despair. The social aspect was found to be important, as festival-goers experienced both a sense of communitas and of personal angst and enmity in relation to others. Finally, whilst hedonistic behaviour led to a sense of heightened excitement and euphoria, it also engendered shock and concern over the extent of some deviant behaviour.
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Léone-Robin, Isabelle. "Paul Gout (1852-1923), architecte du gouvernement et théoricien." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040223.
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Elève de Jean-Charles Laisné et d’Anatole de Baudot, Paul Gout (1852-1923) fut architecte diocésain à Troyes, à Reims, à Soissons, à Vannes et à Paris et architecte des monuments historiques de 1879 à 1923. Il entreprit de nombreux travaux de restauration des édifices anciens du sud-ouest, de l'ouest et de l'est de la France. En 1898, il fut nommé architecte en chef des monuments historiques du Mont-Saint-Michel. Directeur de l'encyclopédie d'architecture, il rédigea de nombreux articles et il publia, en 1914, la première monographie consacrée à la vie et à l'œuvre de Viollet-le-DucPaul Gout (1852-1923), after studying under Jean-Charles Laisné and Anatole de Baudot, became a diocesan architect in Troyes, Reims, Soissons, Vannes, and Paris, and an architect of the historic buildings from 1879 to 1923. He undertook to restore a lot of old edifices in the south-west, the west and the east of France. In 1898, he was promoted to the rank of chief architect of the historic buildings at Mont-Saint-Michel (Normandy). As the manager of the encyclopaedia of architecture, he wrote many articles. And in 1914, he brought out the first monograph upon Viollet-le-Duc’s life and work
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Bobkovych, K. O. "The ways of therapeutic optimization in patients with gout." Thesis, БДМУ, 2017. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/17088.
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Kuo, Chang-Fu. "Epidemiology of gout in the United Kingdom and Taiwan." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/27828/.
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Background: Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis worldwide. The hallmarks of initial gout presentation are acute pain, swelling, erythema and tenderness in peripheral joints but eventually unremitting arthritis, joint deformity and tophus deposition may develop with long-standing hyperuricaemia. Patients with gout suffer not only arthritis but also cardiovascular, renal, metabolic and other comorbidities. Since gout is the consequence of chronic hyperuricaemia, urate-lowering treatments (ULT) helps prevent the formation of urate crystals and promote dissolution of existing crystals. Methods: This thesis contained results from a series of observational studies relating to gout. The data sources included the Clinical Practice Research Data-link in the UK and the National Health Insurance Database in Taiwan, both of which are representative of the general population in these two countries. Six different analyses were carried out: (1) epidemiology of gout in the UK (chapter 3); (2) epidemiology of gout in Taiwan (chapter 4); (3) Nature history of gout following diagnosis in the UK (chapter 5); (4) familial aggregation and heritability of gout in Taiwan (chapter 6); (5) risk of comorbidities occurring before gout diagnosis (chapter 7) and (6) Effects of allopurinol on all-cause mortality (chapter 8). Results: This study estimated that the prevalence of gout was 2.49% in the UK in 2012 and 6.24% in Taiwan. Incidence of gout was also higher in Taiwan (3.47 per 1,000 person years in 2010) than in the UK (1.77 per 1,000 person years in 2012). The prevalence and incidence were increasing in the UK in the past decade, however, both of which remained stable in the period 2005-2010 in Taiwan. Compared with the general population, individuals with a family history of gout had a two-fold increased risk of the disease. The relative contributions of heritability, shared and non-shared environmental factors to explain phenotypic variance of gout were 35.1%, 28.1% and 36.8% in men and 17.0%, 18.5% and 64.5% in women, respectively. Patients with gout were already at higher risk of multiple comorbidities at diagnosis, furthermore, gout was associated with higher all-cause mortality. In both countries, the management of gout remains poor. Most gout patients were eligible for ULT at diagnosis or shortly after. Allopurinol, the most commonly prescribed ULT in primary care in the UK, exerted a neutral effect on all-cause mortality, which reassures the safety of the drug in terms of all-cause mortality. Conclusions: Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis affecting one in 40 people in the UK and one in 16 people in Taiwan. It is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Both incidence and prevalence keep rising in the UK whilst they remain comparatively stable in Taiwan. The management in the UK remains poor. Primary care physicians should be encouraged to screen for possible existing comorbidities at diagnosis. Most patients are eligible for ULT at diagnosis or shortly after diagnosis, and given the many benefits of ULT for gout patients, early discussion of ULT with patients seems reasonable practice. Allopurinol is not associated with heightened mortality which should reassure practitioners who avoid ULT for fear of serious adverse events.
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Hall, Mandy. "Investigation of pathological biomineralisation using Raman microscopy." Thesis, Northumbria University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384965.
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贾博慧. "痛风性关节炎的中医治疗文献研究." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/135.
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一.背景 痛风性关节炎，属于中医“痹证”“白虎历节风”“痛风”范畴。是以高尿酸血症为生化基础，继发尿酸盐结晶沉积、关节损害、结石形成所致的急慢性关节炎，表现为关节红、肿，疼如刀绞，痛剧难忍，亦可自行缓解，常发作无常，来去如风，故名痛风，是痛风病的中、后期阶段。严重者可造成骨质破坏、关节畸形。 本病受遗传、环境和饮食习惯的影响，患病率逐年增加。现代医学治疗本病，急性期以控制症状，减轻痛苦；缓解期以降低高尿酸血症为目标，尚无根治方法；况且所用药物均有较大的毒副反应，使本病的治疗处于窘境。中医中“痛风”之名始於金元，由朱丹溪首先提出，并设专篇论述，其在〈格致余论－痛风〉中指出“痛风者，四肢百节走痛，书中谓之白虎历节风证是也”“大率因血受热，已自沸腾，其后或涉冷水，或立湿地，或扇风取凉，或卧地当风，寒凉外搏，热血得寒，污浊凝瑟所以作痛，夜则痛甚，行于阴也”。其发病以脾肾两虚为本，湿、 热、毒、为标，热毒重可生湿，湿邪盛能化热，内毒流窜经络，攻注骨节，着于经脉，终致湿热毒交互为患，证属正虚邪实。近年来中医药对痛风研究逐渐深入，主要为中药汤剂的研究较为广泛，关于针灸、推拿、拔罐等中医传统特色治疗研究逐步开展，并取得可喜成绩。 二．目的 本次研究拟通过对现有关于痛风性关节炎中医手段治疗的临床研究类文献和实、验研究类文献的搜集、整理、分析，从而对痛风性关节炎中医治疗手段的临床有效率进行统计，并对痛风性关节炎中医治疗手段的改进与发展进行探讨。 三．万法 本論文文献资料来源：中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI）。通过对中国期刊全文数据庫库（CNKI）进行标准检索，方法为：计算机检索2005年－2015年国内外关于痛风性关节炎的中医治疗文献，搜素关键宇：痛风性关节，并包含中医、中药、针刺 、针灸， gout 、gouty arthritis。 经过文章检索方法的纳入与排除，得到所研究的文献。 四,結果 搜索中医治疗痛风性关节炎综遮类文献356篇；中药类治疗文献493篇，其中中药内用临床研究类文献317篇、中药内用实验研究类文献176 篇、中药外敷类研究文献79篇；针刺、针灸类治疗研究文献183篇，排除重复19篇，剩余共计164篇。经纳入和排除后，共得可用文献145篇，其中痛风性关节炎证候分型、辩证论治类21篇，中药、针刺等各法临床类研究文献83篇，实验类研究文献4l篇。 在文献分析过程中得出结果：1.痛风性关节炎的证型为：湿热蕴结型、淤热阻滞型、痰浊阻滞型、肺气虚弱型、肝肾阴虚型等。2. 病情分期为：急性期、静止期、慢性期。3.（统计排位前三）中药内用常用方剂为：四妙九、上中下痛风汤、二陈汤；常用中药为：薏苡仁、黄柏、牛膝；常用药物类为：通络止痛类、清热燥湿解毒类、利湿化浊类；常用药对为：茯苓与薏苡仁、苍术与黄柏、山栀与黄柏；常用针刺术穴位：曲池、血海、三阴交。 研究文献中所有中医临床治疗方法均对痛风性失节炎有效，作用率100% 。并无毒、副作用。 五, 结论 中医治疗对于痛风性关节炎有良好的综合性治疗效果，强于口服西药。
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DAURAT, DIDIER. "Effets d'une prise unique de yohimbine sur l'alliesthesie olfacto-gustative chez le volontaire sain." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU31104.
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ARLES, CLAUDE. "Le gout, le culinaire et le rapport a l'objet alimentaire : etude phenomenologique, anthropologique et psychanalytique." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1M062.
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García, Melchor Emma. "Gout as an autoinflammatory disease: from cellular to genetic mechanisms." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/283643.
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La gota ha estat classificada com a malaltia autoinflamatòria pel seu caràcter autolimitat i la participació del sistema immune innat i IL-1β en la seva patogènia. Durant els últims anys, l'evidència que els cristalls d'urat monosòdic (UMS) activen l'inflamasoma NLRP3, juntament amb l'eficàcia del tractament bloquejant de IL-1 en pacients gotosos, han reafirmat el concepte de gota com a malaltia autoinflamatòria. Tot i això, algunes preguntes relatives a la seva patogènia encara no tenen resposta. La presència de cristalls d'UMS en articulacions asimptomàtiques o el perquè no tots els pacients amb hiperuricèmia desenvolupen clínica de gota en són alguns exemples. En la present tesi hem centrat la nostra atenció en el sistema mononuclear fagocític amb la hipòtesi que l'estat d'activació o maduració dels monòcits i macròfags modula la resposta inflamatòria als cristalls d'UMS.
Pel que fa als macròfags, la nostra hipòtesi és que els macròfags residents, després d'entrar en contacte amb els cristalls, adquireixen un fenotip inflamatori, sent capaços de produir citocines inflamatòries en presència d'un segon estímul. Per a demostrar-ho, hem emprat un model in vitro de macròfags derivats de monòcits humans polaritzats cap a fenotips M1 o M2 en la presència de GM-CSF o M-CSF respectivament, considerant als M2 com a model de macròfags residents a la sinovial. Tant els macròfags M1 com els M2 foren incapaços de produir IL-1β després d'estimulació amb cristalls d'UMS o LPS. Però en presència de cristalls d'UMS, els macròfags M2 van secretar IL-1β, disminuint a més la seva producció de IL-10, en rebre un segon estímul amb LPS. Inesperadament, l'àcid úric soluble va exercir un efecte supressor en ambdues citocines. Els resultats dels nostres experiments demostren que la producció de IL-1β per part dels macròfags M2 s'explica perquè els cristalls d'UMS són capaços d'activar caspasa-1 a través de l'activació de l'inflamasoma, mentre que LPS indueix la producció de la forma inactiva de pro-IL-1β i caspasa-1. La nostra anàlisi de l'inflamasoma en macròfags M1 i M2 ha mostrat trets diferencials que podrien explicar els seus diferents requeriments per a la producció de IL-1β.
Per a investigar si una major reactivitat dels monòcits enfront dels cristalls d'UMS podria explicar perquè uns individus desenvolupen gota i d'altres no, vàrem comparar l'activació de l'inflamasoma en monòcits de pacients gotosos amb controls sans. Els monòcits de pacients gotosos presentaren una major activació de l'inflamasoma en presència dels cristalls d'UMS. Per tant, els nostres resultats suggereixen que els pacients amb gota presenten una major reactivitat enfront dels cristalls d'UMS. Per a completar l'estudi vam genotipar l'exó 3 del gen NLRP3, sense trobar associació de cap polimorfisme amb la gota. Finalment, vam analitzar la distribució de diferents subpoblacions de monòcits en sang perifèrica, observant una expansió dels monòcits amb fenotip intermedi (CD14++CD16+) en pacients durant un brot d'artritis gotosa, mentre que no varen existir diferències entre pacients gotosos asimptomàtics i controls sans.Gout has been classified as an autoinflammatory disease because of its self-remitting course and the involvement of the innate immune system and IL-1β in its pathogenesis. During the last years, the evidence of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by monosodium urate (MSU) crystals and the beneficial effect of IL-1 blockade for the treatment of patients with gout, have reaffirmed the concept of gout as an autoinflammatory disease. However, some questions regarding its pathogenesis remain still unanswered. The presence of MSU crystals in asymptomatic joints or why not all individuals with hyperuricemia develop clinical gout, are some examples. In this thesis we centred our attention in the mononuclear phagocyte system with the hypothesis that the state of activation or maturation of monocytes and macrophages modulates the inflammatory response to MSU crystals. Regarding macrophages, our hypothesis is that resident macrophages, after contact with MSU crystals, acquire an inflammatory phenotype, being able to produce inflammatory cytokines in the presence of a second signal or trigger. Therefore, to test it, we used an in vitro model of human monocyte-derived macrophages polarized towards M1 or M2 phenotypes in the presence of GM-CSF and M-CSF respectively, considering M2 macrophages a model of resident synovial macrophages. M1 and M2 macrophages failed to produce IL-1β after stimulation with MSU crystals or LPS. However, in the presence of MSU, M2 macrophages produced IL-1β and decreased IL-10 secretion when LPS was added. Surprisingly, soluble uric acid had a suppressive effect for expression of both cytokines. The production of IL-1β was explained because MSU crystals increased the presence of active caspase-1, reflecting inflammasome activation, whereas LPS induced pro-IL-1β and inactive caspase-1 production. Analysis of inflammasome activation in M1 and M2 macrophages revealed differences in inflammasome proteins, that could account for their different IL-1β production. To investigate if the capacity of monocytes to react to MSU crystals could explain why some individuals develop gout, we compared the inflammasome activation induced by MSU crystals in PBMCs from gouty patients with healthy controls. PBMCs of patients with gout exhibited enhanced inflammasome activation after culture with MSU. Therefore, our results suggest that patients with gout have an increased reactivity to MSU crystals. To provide further insight, we genotyped exon 3 of NLRP3 gene in gout patients, without finding any association of gout with polymorphisms in this gene. Finally, we analyzed the distribution of different monocyte phenotypes or blood subpopulations in patients with gout. We observed an expansion of the intermediate subpopulation (CD14++CD16+) during gout flares, but no differences were observed in any of the subpopulations between asymptomatic patients and healthy controls.
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Rai, Sharan Kimberly. "Population-based epidemiologic studies of gout in British Columbia, Canada." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/59088.
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Introduction: This thesis contains original analyses aimed at better understanding the burden of gout, an excruciatingly painful form of inflammatory arthritis, in the Canadian context. While gout is increasingly recognized as the most common form of inflammatory arthritis worldwide (e.g., reported prevalence of 3.9% and 2.5% in the United States and United Kingdom, respectively), no Canadian trend data are available. Objectives: 1) To evaluate the contemporary prevalence and incidence of gout over the past decade, as well as gout treatment patterns and comorbidity burden. 2) To evaluate the burden of hospitalized gout and corresponding inpatient costs as compared to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), another inflammatory joint disease known to incur substantial resource use. Methods: To address both objectives, I used PopulationData BC, a large administrative database spanning the province of British Columbia (BC). For Objective 1, I used physician and hospital visits to identify gout cases and estimate the annual trends in prevalence and incidence among the general population. I additionally used data from PharmaNet, BC’s prescription drug database, to examine gout treatment patterns (i.e., urate-lowering therapy, colchicine, glucocorticoids, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) over the same time period. For Objective 2, I used hospital diagnoses and procedure codes to assess annual trends in hospitalizations and joint surgeries as well as inpatient costs for both gout and RA. Results: 1) Both the prevalence and incidence of gout have increased over the past decade (i.e., a 59% and 48% increase, respectively), while the prescription of gout treatment remains low. 2) The hospitalization rates for gout have doubled over the past decade, while those for RA have declined by 49%. The inpatient costs also reflected the hospitalization trends, with a 40% decrease in RA hospital costs, while gout costs more than doubled over the study period. Conclusion: Altogether, this thesis provides evidence that the burden of gout in Canada is substantial and increasing. These findings are further contrasted against the hospitalization burden of RA, which has decreased considerably over the same period. This thesis highlights the critical need to improve gout prevention and care to mitigate its rising disease burden in Canada and beyond.Medicine, Faculty of
Experimental Medicine, Division of
Medicine, Department of
Graduate
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Kratzer, James Timothy. "Reengineering a human-like uricase for the treatment of gout." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52149.
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There is an unmet medical need in the treatment of gout. This type of inflammatory arthritis can be efficiently alleviated by the enzyme uricase. This enzyme breaks down uric acid, the causative agent of gout, so it can be flushed from the body. In humans and the other great apes, uricase is a pseudogene and as such is inactive. Research on therapeutic uricases has focused on using enzymes from naturally occurring sources; however, these foreign proteins can be very antigenic and present a potentially life-threatening safety risk to patients. We address the challenges of developing a safer uricase therapeutic by exploiting evidence that, while inactive, the human pseudogene is expressed in the human body and may be recognized as self by the immune system. To develop a ﾓhuman-likeﾔ? uricase we apply the hybrid computational and experimental approach of Ancestral Sequence Reconstruction to search functional sequence space of uricase proteins to engineer an enzyme with high sequence identity to the human pseudogene, and possessing therapeutic levels of activity for the breakdown of uric acid. This dissertation describes the development and characterization of several uricase leads. The most active ancestral uricase possesses both enhanced in vitro and in vivo stability (in healthy rats) when assayed head-to-head Pegloticase, the only FDA approved uricase for the treatment of gout.
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Berger, Anne-Emmanuelle. "Gout et degout de la beaute dans l'oeuvre de rimbaud." Paris 8, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA080504.
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C'est dans son rapport polemique a l'ideologie esthetique prevalant dans le champ poetique a l'epoque ou il se met a ecrire, que nou analysons les termes ambivalents de la relation de rimbaud a la "beaute", c'est-a-dire a la poesie elle-meme, telle qu'elle se represente et s'exalte en son allegorie. Pour comprendre les enjeux de son gout degout de la beaute, nous avons recu les theoriciens de l'esthetique (aristote, kant, hegel) et leurs critiques (nietzsche, adorno, derrida). Telle que la decrit le prologue d'une saison en enfer, l'approche rimbaldienne de la beaute nous apparait comme une volonte d'en "sentir" le "corps", opposee radicalement a la demarche idealiste qui domine dans la pratique poetique de son temps. La traduction par le poete de l7insucces de son entreprise en termes d'experience negative de la bouche (la "beaute" s'avere litteralemeht "amere") nous invite a reflechir a ce qui lie l'experience esthetique et l'oralite, et, plus specifiquement, au rapport que l'exercice de la poesie entretient avec la recherche d'une satisfaction orale. En cherchant a retrouver dans et par la poesie le gout du "festin ancien", rimbaud reve peut-etre de "desublimer" les pulsions et les desirs a l'oeuvre dans l'activite lyriqueIt is in polemical stance toward the aesthetic ideology prevailing in the poetic realm at the time when he starts writing that i analyse the ambivalent terms of rimbaud's relation to "beauty", which is to say to poetry itself, as it represents ans celebrates itself in its allegory. In order to better understand what is at stake in his taste distate of beauty, i have reread the theoreticians of aesthetics (aristotle, kant, hegel) and their critics (nietzsche, adorno, derrida). As the prologue of une saison en enfer describes it, rimbaud's approach to beauty appears as a will to "sense" its "body", radically opposed to the idealism of poetic practice of the time. The translation by the poet of the failure of his endeavor in terms of a negative experience of the mouth ("beauty" is found literally "bitter") invites us to reflect on what links the esthetic experience to orality and more specifically on the relationship between the practice of poetry, in contrast to other linguistic activities, and the search for an oral feast" within and through poetry, one could say that rimbaud dreamed the "desublimation" of the desires and drives at work in the lyric
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Dogolich, O. I. "Сardiovascular risk as a comorbidity phenomenon in patients with gout." Thesis, БДМУ, 2022. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/19561.
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Ellert, Mary Wilkins. "New Information on the Origins of Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria)." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555919.
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Сміян, С. І., and О. В. Соліляк. "Частота виявлення ожиріння у хворих подагрою." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35695.
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Ожиріння є патологічним станом який ускладнює перебіг багатьох захворювань. Яскравим прикладом цього є подагра.
При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35695
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Liu, Xiao. "The role of monocytes in gouty arthritis : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biomedical Science /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/984.
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Samuelsson, Johan. "Kommunen gör historia : museer, identitet och berättelser i Eskilstuna 1959-2000 /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6196.
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Quensel, Magnus. "Gör njutning dig mer uthållig? : Flow och dess relation till Grit." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-53359.
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Medan Flow är ett njutbart medvetandetillstånd där ens agerande tycks ske automatiskt så definieras Grit som uthållighet och passion i strävan mot ett långsiktigt mål. Studien undersökte om det fanns ett positivt samband mellan generell Flow och Grit samt mellan arbetsrelaterad Flow och Grit. Arbetsrelaterad Flow definieras av absorption, arbetsglädje och inre motivation. 75 yrkesverksamma personer, varav 50 coacher, deltog i studien genom att svara på en enkät som publicerades på sociala medier. Enkäten utgjordes av mätinstrumenten Flow Short Scale, WOLF (arbetsrelaterad Flow) samt Grit Scale. Materialet undersöktes med korrelationer och regressionsanalyser. Flow och absorption korrelerade positivt med både uthållighet och passion och arbetsglädje visade ett positivt samband med uthållighet. Flow hade det starkaste sambandet med uthållighet medan absorption visade den starkaste relationen till passion. En framtida studie skulle genom en intervention kunna undersöka hur Grit påverkas om förutsättningarna för Flow påverkas.
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Anselme, Christophe. "Etude et caracterisation des problemes de mauvais gout de l'eau potable." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077178.
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Kopke, Amy. "The effect of acute gout on inflammatory markers in hyperuricemic patients." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24910.
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Introduction: Gout is a painful form of acute inflammatory arthritis associated with elevated uric acid crystal deposition especially in the joints, but also in tendons and the kidney. Between 1 and 2% of Western populations are affected and in severe cases, gout sufferers can be completely incapacitated. Despite the number of gout sufferers, the high number of risk factors and high incidence of adverse drug reactions using the standard treatment regimens, little research involving gout has been done within the highly diverse multiracial and multicultural population of South Africa. Hypothesis: This study was a hypothesis generating observational study to assess whether serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute phase protein levels could be used as markers of the gout status of a patient. Method: Thirty gout patients were enrolled onto the study and attended two visits. At the screening visit; medical history, vital signs and demographic details were collected from intercritical gout patients. At both visits, patients completed visual analogue scales; namely: subject’s assessment of pain and subject’s assessment of disease activity. A doctor completed the physician’s assessment of disease activity at both of the visits. At the end visit, patients experiencing an acute gout attack were asked to list various foods and beverages that triggered said attacks. Patients were requested to return for their second visit as soon as they experienced a gout attack, however, those patients that did not experience a gout attack were asked to return to the clinic to complete the follow up visit four months after their baseline visit. Uric acid, IL-1β, TNF-α and CRP were measured for each patient at both visits. Results: Many of the patients displayed risk factors for metabolic syndrome. The mean subject’s assessment of pain score increased from 31mm at the screening visit to 40mm at the end visit (p=0.1947; n=26), while the mean subject’s assessment of disease activity score and the mean physician’s assessment of disease activity increased from 30mm to 37mm (p=0.3196; n=26) and 23mm to 35 mm (p=0.0937; n=26) respectively. Uric acid levels decreased from 1.053mmol/L to 0.871mmol/L between visits (p=0.0926; n=25) while CRP concentrations increased significantly from 10.2mg/L to 26.6mg/L (p=0.0278, n=24). IL-1β concentrations remained similar (12.17pg/ml to 12.54pg/ml) while TNF-α concentrations decreased from 12.63pg/ml to 3.54pg/ml, however neither of these were statistically significant differences. Upon stratifying results into active and non-active patients, both IL-1β and TNF-α concentrations decreased between non-active and active patients, while CRP and urate concentrations increased. However, none of these differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: The visual analogue scales all showed an increase between the screening and final visits, although this was not statistically significant. Uric acid concentrations decreased between visits, however this increase was once again not statistically significant. There appears to be no association between inflammatory markers and the level of gout activity, although this needs to be tested in a larger sample population. Results in South African patients have confirmed results from previous studies where gout patients are at a higher risk of metabolic syndrome than the normal population. CopyrightDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Pharmacology
unrestricted
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SCHEERENS, JOSEPH CARL. "HORMONAL CONTROL OF SEX EXPRESSION IN BUFFALO GOURD (CUCURBITA FOETIDISSIMA HBK.)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187938.
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Seven field experiments and two in-vitro studies were performed to elucidate hormonal control of staminate flowering in gynoecious and monoecious buffalo gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima HBK.) sex types. Objectives included development of techniques effecting staminate induction on gynoecious phenotypes which normally produce abortive stamenless male buds. Natural and synthetic growth regulants shown to modify sex expression in other cucurbits were surveyed for their masculinizing potential. Several compounds exogenously-applied to apical meristems elicited changes in shoot morphology. However, only aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG, an ethylene synthesis inhibitor) effected staminate induction on gynoecious segregates. Growth rate, patterns of female flowering or ontogeny of stamenless buds differentiated prior to treatment were not influenced by AVG. AVG was applied at various dosages (0-500 ppm) and produced male buds on all replicates treated at levels of 125 ppm or higher. The mean number of staminate buds induced varied linearly with dosage and averaged from 0-7.5 male flowers/shoot. A control model for staminate induction mediated by endogenous ethylene was advanced and potential benefits of this phenomenon to breeding efforts and/or to hybrid seed production were discussed. Ethephon (an ethylene releasing compound) was applied at various dosages to monoecious plants in anticipation of simulating the gynoecious phenotype. Although morphological changes were evident (i.e. reduction in shoot growth rate and floral initiation, increase in floral bud abortion and tissue senescence), ethephon failed to reduce staminate flowering or increase differentiation of antherless buds as expected. Dosage levels employed and/or confounding environmental factors may have contributed to the lack of staminate inhibition. During in-vitro studies, indirect evidence for ethylene-mediated control of male flowering was obtained by staminate proliferation in buds of gynoecious explants treated with silver nitrate (an inhibitor of ethylene action) and by formation of stamenless buds on monoecious explants treated with ethephon. However, low levels of floral induction under culture conditions employed rendered these results inconclusive. An incidental study of segregation ratios among AVG-facilitated self- and cross-pollination progeny upheld the supposition for monogenic inheritance of gynoecy in buffalo gourd.
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Barham, Christopher Paul. "Motor events in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240080.
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Zhu, Lin. "Xian dai Han yu zuo ge jie gou /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?HUMA%202007%20ZHU.
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Орловський, Олександр Вікторович, Александр Викторович Орловский, Oleksandr Viktorovych Orlovskyi, М. М. Шаповал, and А. В. Шищук. "Рівні С-реактивного білка та швидкості осідання еритроцитів у хворих на подагру із супутнім метаболічним синдромом." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35734.
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Piredda, Valfrido-Roland. "La protection des oeuvres gastronomiques, en droit d'auteur français." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA111013.
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Doit-on reconnaitre a l'oeuvre gastronomique un statut juridique autre que celui d'une simple marchandise ? on peut croire que << les oeuvres gastronomiques sont le fruit de cette faculte qu'a l'homme de forger et de saisir des concepts alimentaires originaux et de les traduire dans des mets, en vertu de son entendement mais aussi de son esprit >>. Cette position constitue le sujet d'un vaste debat: rien n'a encore ete tranche dans le domaine alimentaire et gastronomique, alors que le public se mefie des mefaits d'une industrialisation pas toujours bien maitrisee. La presente etude - en 2 parties - developpe la these qu'une protection des oeuvres gastronomiques en droit d'auteur est possible, sous certaines conditions, conceptuelles et legales. Dans une premiere partie, on rappelle que lesoeuvres gastronomiques font l'objet d'un developpement litteraire considerable puisque les sensations gustatives peuvent etre aussi exprimees par des mots. Par ailleurs, la reproduction d'images d'oeuvres a caractere gastronomique font aussi l'objet d'une protection en droit d'auteur a condition que leurs formes apparentes soient originales. Dans une deuxieme partie, on traite de cette creativitegastronomique qu'il faut valoriser mais qui possede la particularite de s'adresser au sens du gout : on tente de comprendre pourquoi le droit d'auteur a delaisse, des ses origines, certaines oeuvres dont celles de l'art gastronomique. Ensuite, il s'agit d'argumenter sur la maniere de proteger, en droit d'auteur, une creativite que de nouvelles formes de production et de commercialisation, en matiere alimentaire, exposent a un vrai pillage. Or, quand ce droit ne peut pas offrir sa protection, il devient indispensable de rechercher d'autres substituts a ce droit et de les mettre opportunement en pratique : pour cette raison, il fallait terminer cette these par un examen concis des techniques juridiques qui constituent en quelque sorte des palliatifs au droit d'auteur.
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Karlsson, Elin, and Emma Lejhage. "“Hur gör jag nu?” Sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att vårda palliativt : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-14518.
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Bakgrund: En person som vårdas i livets slutskede benämns palliativ. Med detta menas att patienten inte längre kan botas utan de symtom som patienten har lindras. De 6 S:n är en omvårdnadsmodell inom palliativ vård och syftar till personcentrerad vård som kan bidra till en värdig död. För att kunna uppnå en god vårdrelation krävs en förmåga hos sjuksköterskor att kunna sätta sig in i patientens situation. Sjuksköterskor utbildas idag inom palliativ vård i grundutbildningen. Dessa ser dock olika ut runtom i Sverige. Syfte: Beskriva hur sjuksköterskor upplever att vårda patienter palliativt utifrån grundutbildningen. Metod: En litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ utgångspunkt utgör metoden. Resultat: Två kategorier har bildats genom analysen; Negativa upplevelser och Positiva upplevelser. Ur dessa har fem underkategorier formats; Frustration, Otillräcklig och ensam, Utmanande vård, Personligt involverad och Inre styrka. Diskussion: Den palliativa vården skapar mycket känslor. Sjuksköterskorna upplever utmaningarna som uppstår i palliativa vårdandet som positiva, men uttrycker att de behöver mer kunskap kring hur de ska bemöta patienternas existentiella frågor och emotionella behov. Konklusion: Erfarenheten har en central roll inom den palliativa vården. Mer kunskap kring palliativ vård behövs i sjuksköterskornas grundutbildning.Background: A person in the stage of end of life is called palliative. This means that the patient no longer can be cured; only the symptoms can be alleviated. The “6:S” is a nursing model in palliative care and the purpose is person-centered care that can contribute to a worthy death. To achieve a good care relationship, the ability of nurses to get into patient's situation is needed. Today nurses’ are trained in palliative care in the under graduate education. However, across Sweden it looks different. Aim: Describe how nurses experience palliative care based on basic education. Method: A qualitative literature review is the method. Result: Two categories have been formed through the analysis; Negative experiences and Positive experiences. From these five subcategories has been formed; Frustration, Inadequate and lonely, Challenging care, Personally involved and Internal strength. Discussion: The palliative care creates a lot of emotions. Nurses experience the challenges as positive, but express that they need more knowledge about how to respond to the patient’s existential issues and emotional needs. Conclusion: Experience is central in palliative care. More knowledge about palliative care is needed in the nurse's basic education.
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Liang, Wen-Chia, and 梁文嘉. "The relationships of job stress and family stress to leisure benchavior of tour guides and gour leaders." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39453709904021675033.
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"Nuwe ouraat en karbeenkomplekse van goud(I) en goud(III): bereiding, karakterisering en reaktiwiteit." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5432.
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D.Sc.This study involves the preparation and characterization of new amino(thio) carbene complexes of gold(I) and gold(III). In addition the reactivity of bis(thiazolyl) aurate and the above mentioned carbene complexes are also described. Various thiazolyllithium reagents reacted with [AuCl(tht)] to yield bis(thiazolyl) aurate complexes of gold(I) which were isolated in crystalline form. These crystals contained solvent of crystallization and no structural determination of these aurates were possible. The latter compounds readily reacted with elemental sulphur by insertion of a sulphur atom into one of the Au-C bonds thereof Subsequent reaction with one molar equivalent of CF 3S03CH3 or CF3SO3H produced either carbene, [Au(CNRYS)(SC=NY§)] (Y = CCH 3=CH, C4H6; R = H, CH3), or thione, [Au(S=h‘TRY)(C=NYS)], complexes of gold(I) which spontaneously decomposed into gold(I) polymers ([Au(C=NYS)]. or [Au(S&=NY)].) and organic products (C=NYS or S=CNRYS). In an attempt to isolate the above-mentioned carbene or thione complexes bis(thiazolyl) aurate complexes were treated with two molar equivalents of CF3S03CH3 or CF3SO3H after sulphur insertion. Rather than the expected mixed carbene thione complexes, [Au(elsTRY§)(S=eNRY§)]CF 3S03, homoleptic rearrangement produced bis(carbene) complexes of gold(I) with unexpected counterions (Cl instead of CF 3SO3). Reaction of lithiated mercaptobenzothiazole with [AuCl(tht)] yielded a bis(thiolate) complex of gold(I), [Au(SC=NC 6H4 S-0)2]Li. Alkylation or protonation of this modified aurate complex resulted in the formation of gold polymers, [Au(S=NC 6H4 -0)]„, and organic products, S=§NRC6H4§-o, R=H, CH3 ). Oxidative addition of halogens to bis(thiazolyl) aurate complexes produced no isolable organometallic complexes. [AuC1 1]Li probably formed after repetitive oxidation addition (C1 2) and reductive elimination reaction (2-chlorothiazole). However, oxidation of these aurate complexes with SOC12 limited the reaction to one oxidative addition and one reductive elimination step to produce [AuCl(CNHYS)] (Y=CCH 3=CH, C6H4) after acidification. Reaction of the neutral mono(carbene) complex [Au(CNCCH 3=CHS)(C=NCCH3=CHS)] with C12, Br2 or 12 produced carbene complexes of gold(I), [AuX(6NHCCH 3=CH§)] (X=C1, Br, I), after reductive elimination of 2-halogeno-4-methylthiazole. Cationic bis(thiazolinylidene) complexes of gold(I) react readily with C1 2 and 12 to produce stable Ms(carbene) complexes of gold(III). However, oxidative addition on the same carbene complex by I2 is followed by a novel reductive elimination of (ICNii)cF SO to produce carbene complexes of gold(I), [AuI(CMN7- TTA )]. Alkylation (CF3SO3CH3) of 4-methylthiazole, bensothiazole and methylimidazole, followed by deprotonation (BuLi) produced free carbenes. These carbenes were trapped by reaction with [AuCl(tht)] to form carbene-chloro complexes of gold(I). Chloro(1,3- dimethylimidazolinylidene)gold(I) react readily with NaN 3 or AgNO3 to yield [AuX(CNCH3CH=CH1:TCH3)] (X = N3 or NO3 ). As part of this study the structures of several carbene complexes were determined, including five carbene complexes of gold(I) and one carbene complex of gold(III). Au-C bond lengths of between 1.92-2.13A were found with the largest Au-C separation in the carbene complex of gold(III), [Au(aNCH3CH=CHNCH3)2]CF3S03 . Certain complexes of gold(I) exhibit interesting Au...Au interactions (3.19-3.51A) resulting in the aggregation of gold atoms to form dimers and chains of gold(I) atoms. The structures of two related complexes of iron were also determined to investigate the effect of protonation on a neutral carbene precursor, [Fe(CO) 2Cp(C=CHCH=NNPh)], to form the cationic carbene complex, [Fe(C0) 2Cp(aCH=CHNHI:IPh)JCF3S03. Small changes in bond lengths and angles resulted upon carbene formation.
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Cara, Raakhi. "Homoeopathic treatment in acute gout." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5866.
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M.Tech.This research was conducted to determine the effect of homoeopathic treatment on acute gout patients. Putterman (1994) conducted a research study on the effect of the homoeopathic remedy Colchicum autumnale in gout, and found partial improvement in the clinical picture of gout. No research has been conducted in South Africa on the efficacy of homoeopathic medicines in acute gout patients. This study focused on the homoeopathic Law of Similars, where a single most similar homoeopathic remedy was chosen according to the unique characteristic symptoms displayed by each participant suffering with acute gout. This was a qualitative study that used ten subjects who presented within five days of acute gout and participated in the fifteen-day study period. Participants that complied with the American College of Rheumatology (formerly American Rheumatism Association, ACR) criteria for gout were selected. Serum uric acid tests were taken on day 0 and day 6 to assess hyperuricemia. On day 0 a thorough case history and examination was taken followed by administration of the indicated remedy. Treatment efficacy was evaluated on day 1, 3 and 6, based on daily subjective impression of participant involvement, objective analysis and comparative analysis of serum uric acid. Re-examination for relapses or rebound attacks followed on day 15. In a study using allopathic remedies in acute gout, resolution of all acute gout symptoms occurred at an average of 8 days using indomethacin and 7 days using triamcinolone (Alloway et. al., 1993). In this study using homoeopathic similimum treatment, resolution of all acute gout symptoms occurred at an average of 6 days. One episode of a rebound gout attack occurred and serum uric acid decreased in 80% of patients. Homoeopathic similimum prescribing is an effective alternative treatment for acute gout. Although more research is required, the preliminary findings of this study suggest that the correct homoeopathic similimum treatment is an effective treatment for the symptoms of acute gout.
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Huang, Ru-Jen, and 黃如真. "Functional studies of wax gourd." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54437598776807787124.
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碩士實踐大學
食品營養研究所
90
Abstract It is well know that free radical represents in the cell and tissue danger thus leading to various disease. Many results have been shown that plant-derived antioxidants could prevent and delay oxidation damage in cell and tissue. In this study, we try to investigate the potential health benefits of different component of wax gourd extract have not been studied. The objective of this study was divided to four parts. First, to assess the antioxidant properties of these materials, we have used a range of established assays to analysis the total antioxidants and capability of prevention lipid peroxidation, KI and DPPH assay were used to determine the total antioxidant activity. The total polyphenolic compounds were determined according to the Folin-Ciocalteu’s procedure. TBARS assay used human LDL as an index of antioxidants against status in vitro, and SOD activity stain assay to verify SOD in wax gourd. Second, used ACE inhibition assay to verify whether the wax gourd content ACE inhibitor. Third, cultured different bacterias on the different Muller Hitione agar medium and measured antibacterial activity of wax gourd extract by paper disk diffusion. Fourth, used MTT assay to check fibroblast cell proliferation rate offer cell stimulated by fresh wax gourd extract. In the KI assay, wax gourd seed had highest antioxidant capability, then wax gourd core and wax gourd peel. Water-extracted wax gourd seed had best performance in scavenging DPPH radical assay , wax gourd seed also had best result in inhibition of LDL oxidation in TBARS assay, and fresh wax gourd core extract had lowest inhibition rate of LDL oxidation. Fresh pulp part of wax gourd had highest polyphenol content 169.1 GAE（gallic acid equivalent concentration, mM）, then peel part of wax gourd 151.1 GAE, seed part 148.0GAE and core 109.5GAE. The seed part of wax gourd expressed the highest SOD activity than the core, pulp and peel part of wax gourd. All the parts of wax gourd had positive result in ACE inhibitor assay, but the wax gourd seed show the strongest result than others. In antimicrobial assay, neither fresh sample extract nor condense wax gourd sample extract had diffusible antimicrobial result. There was no significant result in MTT assay. These results suggested that wax gourd may prevented lipid peroxidation, provided good antioxidants source, prevented hypertension, and antimicrbials ability to the human.
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Wu, Chien-hsing, and 吳建興. "The Relationship between Urinary Uromodulin Excretion and Chronic Kidney Disease in Gout and Non-Gout Patients." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00543587013597875855.
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碩士國立中山大學
生物科學系研究所
101
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Gout is a popular disease worldwide. Traditionally, patients suffering from gout were thought to be at high risk for renal complications and people who had gout always worry about the potential risks of getting a kidney disease. The link between uromodulin (UMOD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has attracted much interests in the medical literature and several investigations showed UMOD had active role in CKD progression. To our knowledge, the association of urinary UMOD excretion on gout and non-gout patients with CKD has not been thoroughly investigated. METHODS: A total of 114 Taiwanese patients with stable disease activity selected from a cohort that attended our renal and rheumatology outpatient department were enrolled (Non-Gout patients: 40 ,Gout patients: 74) between Jun. 1, 2011 and Dec. 13, 2012. Patients were divided into CKD group (N=68) and non-CKD (N=46) group. CKD was defined by MDRD equation estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)＜60 ml/min per 1.73m2. Their demographic data, laboratory tests including serum creatinine, serum uric acid eGFR, and urinary creatinine and UMOD level were measured. Urinary UMOD excretion was calculated as UMOD/UCR ratio. RESULTS: Using Pearson correlation analysis, urinary UMOD excretion correlated positively with eGFR in patients with Gout. In non-gout patients, urinary UMOD excretion does not correlate with eGFR. Gender, status of DM, gout and hypertension do not show significant difference between CKD group and non-CKD group. However, age (CKD group: 62.2 ± 13.8, Non-CKD group: 43.9 ± 12.8, p < 0.0001) and serum uric acid (CKD group: 8.2 ± 2.2 mg/dl, Non-CKD group: 7.2 ± 1.7 mg/dl, p <0.05) are significantly different between CKD group and non-CKD group. Urinary UMOD excretion is also statistical significantly between two groups (CKD group: 3.7± 4.8, Non-CKD group: 5.8 ± 6.1, p <0.05). Using multivariate analysis, patients with CKD and gout were associated with lower urinary UMOD excretion than those who have gout alone [Odds Ratio 0.796, 95% confidence interval: 0.665-0.934, p=0.006). Patients with CKD and gout were also more likely to be older (p < 0.001) and have higher uric acid levels (p < 0.05). In non-gout patient, urinary UMOD excretion was not associated with status of CKD instead. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that UMOD might play a role in the relationship between gout and CKD. Further studies with animal model of gout and CKD are mandatory to establish fundamental pathomechanism and explore the clinical implications.
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Chang, Hung-Chi, and 張紘齊. "The research of gourp route choices." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05887536405271028241.
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碩士國立交通大學
交通運輸研究所
98
With the development of the Intelligent Transportation Systems, Advanced Traveler Information Systems and Variable-Message Sign can provide instant traffic information as references of route choices for travelers in order to decrease the travel-time uncertainty and to reduce the amount of traffic. Most of the traditional route choice researches are focused on the effect of route choice decision that based on road characteristics and traveler behavior characteristics, but only a few studies have evaluated the influence of passengers in the same car on the driver’s route choice decision. This dissertation is focused on the effect of travel cost on group’s route choice decision-making for long travel with the condition that user group obtain traffic information from ATIS and make group decision through individuals’ risk-taking and momentary recollection of past experience.
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Chen, Man-Ling, and 陳曼伶. "Association of gout and gene polymorphism." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27424735477406204309.
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碩士國立中興大學
生命科學院碩士在職專班
91
Gout is not a single disease but a term used to describe a group of metabolic disorders characterized by tissue deposition monosodium urate (MSU) monohydrate crystals from hyperuricaemic body fluids. Major clinical manifestations include gouty arthritis, tophus, gouty nephropathy, and uric acid calaulus in the urinary tract. According to epidemiological and experimental studies, the incidence of gout is higher in men than in women. In addition to life style and eating habits, genetic factors are probably the major cause of the disease, although the exact mechanism remains to be determined. The purpose of this study was to examine whether single nucleutide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the IL-1（IL-1β promoter, IL-1βexon5, IL-1 Ra）, IL-4 and tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNFα-308）gene polymorphisms, the CAG repeats in the AR gene and the TA repeats in the ER gene were associated with gout. This study included 196 gout patients and health individuals as control subjects. Amplification of the gene markers was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The amplified products were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequence analysis. We used SPSS10.0 to perform statistical analysis upon the data collected. No significant differents were observed in the genetic distribution, allelic frequencies or allele carriage rates of the IL-1（IL-1β promoter, IL-1βexon5, IL-1 Ra）, IL-4 and TNFα-308 gene between patients with gout and health control subjects. Additionally, we did not detect any association between IL-1(IL-1β promoter, IL-1βexon5, IL-1 Ra), IL-4 and TNFα-308 genotypes and the clinical and laboratory profiles in gout patients, except for hypertriglyceridemia. There were significant differences in the IL-1βexon 5 genotype and TNFα-308 polymorphisms between gout patients with and without hypertriglyceridemia. It was found that IL-1βexon 5 E2 gene polymorphism can trigger gout in patient with hypertriglyceridemia. It was also noted that the TNFαA gene polymorphism can trigger gout in patient with hypertriglyceridemia. While both IL-1βexon 5 E2 and TNFαA seen to cause gout, both IL-1βexon 5 E1 gene and TNFαG genes are protective factors. Associations between gout and the CAG repeats in the AR gene and the TA repeats in the ER gene were evaluated. There were no statistical differens between gout patients and the normal controls in the distribution of CAG repeats in the AR gene. But, there was a significant difference between gout patients and the normal controls in the distribution of TA repeats in the ER gene. The risk of gout in patients with 10-15 TA dinucleotide repeats is 1.75-fold and 29-fold of that in patients with 16-21 TA dinucleotide repeats and 22-27 TA dinucleotide repeats, respectively. In other words, the fewer number of TA dinucleotide repeats, the higher the rate of coming down with gout. The results of our study suggest that the IL-1βexon 5、TNFα-308 and estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms are associated with gout, and they may be candidate genetic markers for risk of gout.
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Olivier, Pierre Jacobus. "Sintese en karakterisering van nuwe amino(tio)karbeenkom[p]lekse van goud(I), goud(III) en koper(I)." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/9960.
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Aye, Myint Myint, and 何麗敏. "Improvement of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantic L.)." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31647782339435348545.
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碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系
93
Bitter gourd seeds have small cotyledons enclosed in a hard, thick seed coat. Which, limits germination to unacceptably low level. A number of pre-sowing treatments can increase germination by overcoming the limitations imposed by the seed coat. For all three varieties of bitter gourd seeds used in this study, germination at 30, 25and 20℃ were the best when seeds were clipped and soaked in running water for 12 hrs. Seeds immersed in 50oC water for 60 min exhibited significantly higher germination than seeds immersed at other temperatures and for different times. The germination of seeds treated with H2SO4 was the highest after 30 sec of immersion. However, germination decreased as immersion time increased beyond 30 sec. Germination was higher for clipped seeds immersed in 15% H2O2 for 25 min and for unclipped seeds imbibed with 1% H2O2 water. Priming seeds for 2 days with vermiculite No. 2 and NaOCl at a seeds: vermiculite # 2: 0.1% NaOCl ratio of 9:12:18, by weight produced the highest germination rate. The highest emergence rate was achieved with two different treatments of soaking clipped seeds in running water for 12 hr or immersing unclipped seeds in 50°C water for 1 hr. The conductivity of leachate from ‘Fen Ching’ and ‘Ching Pi’ bitter gourd seeds that were soaked prior to sowing was assayed during the first 12 hr of imbibition. The leachate from control seeds had the highest conductivity, while the leachate from seeds treated with H2SO4 exhibited the second highest conductivity. After imbibition for 12 hr, the lowest conductivity value was obtained from the leachate of seeds that soaked in running water or immersed in 50°C water. In addition, after soaking 24 hr, the leachate from the seeds in these two treatments contained significantly fewer phenolic compounds and free amino acids than the leachate from seeds that received other treatments. When seeds soaked in water for one hr, the soluble carbohydrates, phenolic compound and free amino acids from seeds soaked in 50°C water were significantly more than those in 25°C water. Seeds soaked in water for 12 hr contained significantly less water and more soluble carbohydrates, and had a significantly higher respiration rate than seeds soaked for 24 hr. The densest seeds were also the heaviest seeds and had the highest germination and shortest germination time (MDG). After-ripening significantly increased the germination and decreased the MDG of the densest seeds from completely yellow gourds. For seeds of a given density from half-yellow gourds, the germination of seeds after-ripened for 72 hr was significantly greater than the germination of seeds after-ripened for 24 hr. There were significantly more soluble carbohydrates in seeds from after-ripened, half-yellow gourds, than in seeds from untreated completely yellow gourds. Among seeds from half-yellow gourds, the soluble carbohydrates were highest in seeds from gourds after-ripened 72 hr, and starch content was highest in seeds from gourds after-ripened 24 hr. Seeds from fruit after-ripened 72 hr had the greatest emergence force. The effective and cheap pre-sowing methods were demonstrated in this research for enhancing seeds germination. Bitter gourd seed quality was enhanced by adequate fruit maturity, after ripening and seed density grading. The pre-sowing treatment that increased germination the most and was least expensive was seeds immersed in 50oC water for 60 min.