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Academic literature on the topic 'Gorgones (animaux) – Lion, Golfe du (France)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gorgones (animaux) – Lion, Golfe du (France)"
Blouet, Sylvain. "Vers une approche spatialisée de la planification spatiale marine : cas d’étude pour des populations d’invertébrés sessiles dans le Golfe du Lion." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS292.
Full textMarine spatial planning is a future issue for the conservation of marine resources, but our understanding of the spatial arrangement of conservation zones and management zones to promote the persistence of populations is not so clear. The study of spatial scales structuring the distribution of species and processes influencing the dynamics and persistence of marine populations is therefore essential for a spatialized approach to the organization of marine spaces. This thesis work is therefore organized around two objectives: (i) to understand the local and regional scales structuring the spatial distribution of sessile invertebrates in natural and artificial habitats (part 2 and part 3) and (ii) to evaluate how the he integration of functional connectivity associated with larval dispersal in a hybrid network of natural habitats and artificial habitats influences the spatialized prospective schemes of conservation extension in the Gulf of Lion. The chosen approaches combine modelling tools and high-resolution inventories of common sessile invertebrates on natural habitats and on artificial reefs. Part 2 examines the regional spatial distribution of 5 gorgonian species using an ecological niche model, based on hydrological and geomorphological predictors (bottom currents, surface temperature, turbidity, depth, slope, roughness, wall orientation). The spatial structuring of 4 of the 5 species of gorgonians can be explained by these factors. In part 3, the effects of local (shape, depth and duration of immersion) and regional (geographical area) factors were evaluated by examining the assemblages of five species with contrasting life history traits. Geographical positioning prevailed over local factors in AR colonization. The multi-specific approach carried out in parts 2 and 3 showed different importance of the role of dispersal and abiotic factors on the spatial structuring (local and regional) of species. In Part 4, a prospective conservation extension design was simulated to assess the integration of functional connectivity within the natural hard bottom and with the addition of the artificial reef network. The network of marine protected areas is strongly modified when the functional connectivity within the fragmented rocky natural habitat is taken into account. The network of artificial reefs, adding stepping stone in the network of natural habitats, modifies the prospective design. These results highlight the importance of integrating functional connectivity into marine spatial planning and the potential impact of installing or dismantling artificial reefs
Rosecchi, Elisabeth. "Ethologie alimentaire des Sparidae Diplodus annularis, Diplodus sargus, Diplodus vulgaris, Pagellus erythrinus, Sparus aurata du golfe du Lion et des étangs palavasiens." Montpellier 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985MON20055.
Full textMorfin, Marie. "Dynamiques spatio-temporelles d'espèces démersales clés du golfe du Lion : bénéfices potentiels d’aires marines protégées." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20158.
Full textDemersal species represent 50% of French fisheries catches in theGulf of Lions, most of which are fully exploited, or overfished for decades. This thesis evaluates the relevance of marine protected areas (MPAs) as a tool for conservation and management of these populations. So far these areas have been implemented only along the coast to protect the very few mobile species. The problem is more complex for deep sea species because their habitat is broader and more diffuse. To do this, the spatial distribution of 12 key demersal species exploited were studied from 1994 to 2010, with scientific observations and ad hoc statistical tools. A geostatistical approach allowed to detect spatial autocorrelation structures for all species, and produce maps of annual distributions of each species. These distributions appeared very stable over 17 years, apart from a phenomenon of expansion/ contraction with the level of total abundance in the region. In addition, a generalized linear model approach revealed significant associations of these species to a temporally stable habitat. These results are consistent with MacCall basin theory, according which habitat suitability is a density-dependent thus the increase of individuals in an area make them colonize sub-optimal habitats. An optimal habitat under protection could thus be "source" habitat, if the area is carefully chosen. Indeed reporting the fishing effort outside the MPA can instead make this measure ineffective or deleterious. The adult population were generally in more concentrated areas and included in the spatial range of juveniles. These common areas of essential habitat (breeding and nursery) may be potentially interesting to protect a single species . However, the heterogeneity of distributions of a species to another involves the introduction of very sparse areas, making the management difficult. However an area of reasonable size has been identified, covering 20% of the population of each species and representative of the diversity of bottom habitats in the region
Tournois, Jennifer. "Rôle des nourriceries lagunaires dans le maintien d’une espèce de poisson à forte valeur commerciale, la daurade royale (L. 1758, Sparus aurata)." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20198/document.
Full textMany coastal marine species of major socio-economic importance exhibited complex life histories include seasonal migrations between offshore marine environments and inshore coastal habitats. An adequate scientific understanding of their life cycle and, in particular the identification of the most significant juvenile nursery grounds are urgently needed for the sustainable management of fish stocks. This present study investigated the nursery function of coastal lagoons in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean) for a valuable fish species, the gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata, whose juveniles colonize these habitats each year for feeding and growing over their critical first summer of life. Habitat quality of four contrasted lagoons was measured with body condition (Fulton and muscle TAG/ST indices) and otolith growth rate of juveniles. Results showed better condition and higher growth rates in juveniles inhabiting the two shallow and brackish lagoons (Bages-Sigean, Mauguio) compared to the two deeper and more saline lagoons (Salses-Leucate and Thau). Otolith elemental signatures were temporally validated as natural tags to discriminate among juvenile habitats, allowing the retrospective identification of juvenile origin of S. aurata adults captured along the Gulf of Lions coastline. The estimations of relative contributions of juvenile habitats to adult stocks revealed the overall significance of lagoons for the maintenance of population. While, brackish lagoons were identified as the major contributors and best nursery habitats in the area, the importance of Thau lagoon to sustain fish stocks was also highlighted. Combined results of this research revealed some agreement between potential and effective export estimates from juvenile habitats. Information derived from this study is highly valuable for the sustainable management and protection of juvenile habitats, and the fishery resources that depend on them
Mercier, Lény. "Apports de la microchimie pour l'étude des migrations de la Daurade royale (Sparus aurata L.) dans le Golfe du Lion : avancées méthodologiques pour un suivi précis des mouvements mer-lagunes." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20222.
Full textThe Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) is a migratory species, known to colonize coastal lagoons with high anthropogenic load, from spring to autumn. It is necessary to identify key lagoons for the seabream life cycle to allow better management and protection of gilthead seabream populations in the Gulf of Lions. For this, otolith microchemistry is a powerful tool. As it grows, this inner ear concretion absorbs chemical elements taken in its surrounding. Traped in the crystal net, these elements are an image of the environmental conditions met by the fish individual. It is then possible to rebuild fish past migrations. For this it is necessary to (i) precisely know the fish and otoliths growth calendars and (ii) identify chemical differences between the key habitats for the life cycle by choosing statistical methods for habitat discrimination.(i) The objective comparison of many growth models, combined to the analysis of an exceptionally old specimen allowed to propose a new scheme for the gilthead seabream growth and its otolith growth pattern was established ; (ii) the comparison of 4 statistical discrimination methods allowed to select the random forest method to differentiate the otolith chemical signatures of gilthead seabreams from various lagoons. These insights confirmed the already described migration pattern and emphasized a behavioural variability between individuals and between periods of life. The juveniles seem to prefer brackish lagoons, suggesting a nursery rôle for these habitats, whereas the adults prefer deeper lagoons as the Thau lagoon. The maintenance of the lagoons diversity is thus necessary for the preservation of the Gilthead seabream population in the Gulf of Lions