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1
Garg, Praveen, and Rajesh Garg. "QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEAVES AND STEM OF TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA IN DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACT." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 5-s (October 1, 2018): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i5-s.1967.
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Tinospora cordifolia is known as Giloe and Guduchi, with significant importance in the traditional medicinal systems. It is dioeciously plant. It is mostly used in Ayurved system. It is also known as a ‘Rasayans’ of medicinal system, which develops immune system of the body and protect against infection. The aim of this study is carried out to analyse the phytochemical compounds in leaves and stem extracts of T. cordifolia by using phytochemical screening tests and estimate total flavonoid content (TFC) by using aluminium chloride method in the sample extracts. The leaf and stem extracts of T. cordifolia expressed the presence of several phytochemicals viz., flavonoids, amino acids, diterpines, protein, saponins and carbohydrates. The result of phytochemical screening tests revealed that diterpines and carbohydrates are positive in all extracts of T. cordifolia, but flavonoids and saponins only present in methanol and ethanol extracts. TFC of T. cordifolia was higher in ethanolic leaves extracts than mathanolic leaves extracts. The studies justify that T. cordifolia use in traditional medicines. The investigation further proposed that the phytochemicals present in stems and leaves of T. cordifolia, which can be use as natural antioxidants in medicinal drugs.
Keywords: Tinospora cordifolia, Phytochemicals, Flavonoids
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Tautua, BamidelBae Martin Amos, Imomotimi Timipa Ajoko, and Precious Ezougha Oyaseiye. "Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Potential of Methanol Extract of Triumfetta cordifolia A. Rich. (Malvaceae) Leaves." Scholars International Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine 7, no. 01 (January 8, 2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sijtcm.2024.v07i01.001.
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Triumfetta cordifolia is a medicinal plant that has been widely utilized in Africa for its therapeutic properties in treating various ailments. The purpose of this research was to investigate phytochemicals and in vitro antioxidant activity of the leaf extract of T. cordifolia. Standard methods were employed to conduct qualitative phytochemical screening of the plant extract. This study used the DPPH (1, 1diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power method to assess antioxidant activity. Phytochemical analysis of T. cordifolia leaves indicated the existence of saponins, tannins, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids but no anthraquinones. In the DPPH scavenging test, the IC50 value of the methanolic extract was discovered to be 1.29 µg/mL, and the standard reference value for ascorbic acid was 2.14 µg/mL. The leaf extract of T. cordifolia displayed stronger inhibition of DPPH activity, showing a higher potency than ascorbic acid. The DPPH scavenging activity was also shown to increase with concentration. In FRAP assay, the T. cordifolia leaf extract and the ascorbic acid revealed reducing power of 71.01±0.15 and 548.39±1.62 μM Fe2+ per mg of extract, respectively. The FRAP assay demonstrated that ascorbic acid exhibited greater antioxidant activity than the leaf extract of T. cordifolia. The presence of flavonoids and phenols in T. cordifolia leaves may account for the observed antioxidant activity. In conclusion, the study's findings suggest that that T. cordifolia leaf extract could be a source of lead compounds with promising antioxidant activity.
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Dahanayake, JM, PK Perera, P. Galappatty, P. Fernando, and LDAM Arawwawala. "Tinospora cordifolia (Wild) Hook.f. (Thomas) grown in Sri Lanka: Pharmacognostical, physico- chemical and phytochemical analysis of the stem." Journal of Ayurvedic and Herbal Medicine 6, no. 4 (January 14, 2021): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jahm.2020.6404.
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Tinospora cordifolia (wild) Hook.f. (Thomas) is an important medicinal plant distributed throughout in Sri Lanka and commonly known as Rasakinda in Sinhala and Giloy in English. It is widely used in Sri Lankan traditional medical system and Ayurveda for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, fever, arthritis, skin diseases and for Rasayana (rejuvenating) therapies due to its anti-inflammatory, hypoglyceamic, immunomodulatory, antioxident, anti-allergy, antipyretic, antiarthritic and various other medicinal properties. Imported T. cordifolia stems and Sri Lankan grown T. cordifolia stems can be found in Sri Lankan herbal market. Moreover, different varieties of Tinospora species known as Tikthakinda, Bukinda and Gatakinda are available in the market under the name of Rasakinda which leads to adulteration. Hence, in this research an attempt was made to develop standards for genuine T. cordifolia grown in Sri Lanka. Stems of T. cordifolia evaluated for macroscopical, microscopical, physico-chemical, phytochemical constituents, TLC and HPTLC fingerprint patterns. Microscopical examinations of T. cordifolia stem exhibited the wheel shaped appearance at the transverse cut surface, which is a main characteristic feature of the family Menespermaceae. Stem also showed the mucilage cells and abundant starch granules. Percentages of total ash, water soluble ash and acid insoluble ash, were 9.1%+0.1, 2.31%+0.1, <0.1% respectively. Among the percentages of extractable matter of T. cordifolia, highest amount was shown in hot water extract (16.2 %+0.3). Heavy metals (Hg, As, Cd, Pb) were within the limits given in WHO guidelines. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenols, saponins, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids and cardiac glycosides. TLC fingerprint of T. cordifolia was developed using butanol: ethyl acetate: acetic acid: water in a ratio of 5: 8: 6:2 v/v and compared with one of its marker compound, Berberine. The HPTLC fingerprint patt ern of T. cordifolia showed a spot bearing the same Rf value corresponds to Berberine, at wavelength 254 nm. In conclusion, the results obtained from this study can be used as a standard reference for Sri Lankan grown T. cordifolia stems.
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Joy, Anu, Harisha C. R, and Acharya R. N. "Micrometric evaluation of two botanical source plants of Guduchi i.e. Tinospora cordifolia (Wild.) Miers and Tinospora malabarica (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thomson stem and leaf." International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine 12, no. 2 (June 17, 2021): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v12i3.1881.
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Background: Guduchi, also known as an Amrita, is one of the important medicinal plants used in Ayurveda. Though Tinospora cordifolia (Wild.) Miers, considered as the official botanical source plant of Guduchi other two species such as Tinospora malabarica (Lam.) Hook. f. &Thomson and Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. f. & Thomson are also used as a source plant in different parts of India. Though it looks very similar in morphological characters, the micrometric differentiation of two species that is T. cordifolia and T. malabarica are still lacking. Aim: To differentiate the two species of Tinospora through micrometric analysis. Materials and methods: This study portrays both authenticate fresh stem and leaf and with their powdered samples standard histochemical materials, and other laboratory equipment. Result: T. cordifolia and T. malabarica are deciduous woody climbers. The Habitats of both plants are different. T. cordifolia having more prominent lenticels than that of T. malabarica. Main differentiating feature present in the leaf is the presence of trichomes. Most abundant uniseriate trichomes are present in T. malabarica. Trichomes are absent in T. cordifolia. Conclusion: Present data may encourage researchers to use the various dimensions of the research to flourish the different species of Guduchi.
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XIE, YIFEI, LEI XIE, and ZHIXINAG ZHANG. "A new species and a revised of Sloanea cordifolia (Elaeocarpaceae) in China, southeast Yunnan." Phytotaxa 346, no. 2 (April 4, 2018): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.346.2.6.
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The taxonomic status of Sloanea cordifolia has been questionable as a variation of S. tomentosa by Coode. After field investigations, careful examination of herbarium specimens, the results showed that the flower of S. cordifolia is similar to S. tomentosa, and the difference between these two species is hair-related only. The statistical analysis revealed S. cordifolia and S. tomentosa clearly belong to the category of short prickles compared to species throughout the area; prick length of S. longiaculeatae is shorter compared to S. mollis, but the discontinuity is not particularly obvious; the width showed S. longiaculeatae is different from S. mollis, and S. cordifolia is larger than S. tomentosa. It is also the first time that the description of Sloanea cordifolia was completed. S. cordifolia K. M. Feng ex Hung T. Chang treated as Sloanea tomentosa (Benth.) Rehder & E.H. Wilson var. cordifolia (K. M. Feng ex Hung T. Chang) Y. F. Xie & Z. X. Zhang. The new species Sloanea longiaculeatae have been described and illustrated.
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Royani, Ahmad, Muhammad Hanafi, Heddy Julistiono, Achmad Dinoto, Puspa Dewi N. Lotulung, and Azwar Manaf. "The Potential of Tinospora cordifolia Extracts as Antibacterial Material against Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Trends in Sciences 20, no. 1 (November 28, 2022): 3884. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2023.3884.
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Mitigation and control of bacterial corrosion must have been prioritized for failure anticipation by corrosion associated with microorganisms. Using synthetic inhibitor for material protection from corrosion have problems because it is not eco-friendly. This work conducted preliminary studies on T. cordifolia stem extracts at various methanol ratios against P. aeruginosa biofilm as a new eco-friendly inhibitor. The T. cordifolia stem was extracted by the maceration method with a different ratio of methanol solvent (100, 75 and 50 %). The bacterial activity was assessed using the dilution method (MTT assay) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using Follin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride (AlCl3) colorimetric, respectively. Meanwhile, the structure of the active compounds in the extract was identified by using the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The yields of T. cordifolia extracts are 9.45, 7.56 and 8.40 % at 100, 75 and 50 % of methanol ratios, respectively. The total phenolic content (TPC) in crude methanol extract of T. cordifolia is 11.20, 9.46 and 6.56 % for 100, 75 and 50 % of methanol ratios. Meanwhile, the flavonoid content (TFC) was obtained is about 5.25, 0.64 and 0.33 % for 100, 75 and 50 % of methanol concentrations, respectively. The T. cordifolia extract has antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa in all ratios of methanol concentrations. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of T. cordifolia methanol extract was found at 4096 µg/mL. Methanol solvent concentration with the most active antibacterial activity of the extract was 50 %, followed by 75 and 100 %. The structures of the active compound in the methanolic extract of T. cordifolia are a phenolic group, and it is in the alkaloid derivatives (Calopiptin, d-Lirioferine (Lirioferine), Moupinamide, Piperanine, and Yuanhunine). HIGHLIGHTS The crude methanol extract of Tinospora cordifolia stem has potential against aeruginosa in the marine environment The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found at 4096 µg/mL of extract in a ratio of 50:50 (v/v) of methanol to water The compound structures in cordifolia methanol extracts are Calopiptin, d-Lirioferine (Lirioferine), Moupinamide, Piperanine, and Yuanhunine GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Oli, Biraj, Gyanendra Ghimire, Bijay Dhakal, Neetu Amatya, Deepjyoti Adhikari, and Netra Lal Bhandari. "Comparative Phytochemical and Biological Study of Tinospora cordifolia (Thunb.) Miers and Justicia adhatoda L. Plants Collected from West Rukum of Nepal." Journal of Nepal Chemical Society 43, no. 2 (April 25, 2023): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v43i2.53348.
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Medicinal plants contained an impressive number of modern drugs and are believed to be a precious natural reservoir that has been continuously studied for its pharmacological activities against various ailments. Tinospora cordifolia and Justicia adhatoda are widely used shrubs in folk and ayurvedic systems of medicine. Phytochemical screening of different fractions of the extract of the bark of T. cordifolia and leaf, stem, and flowers of J. adhatoda was done and results show the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, glycosides, terpenoids in both plants. The antibacterial potency of medicinal plant extracts has been tested against Bacillus subtilis ATC6051 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC29212 by disc diffusion assay. The leaves extract of J. adhatoda showed good antibacterial activities towards both the Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis bacteria, however, the extract of T. cordifolia was found not soo effective with those bacteria. The methanol extract of T. cordifolia stem showed the strongest 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity with IC50 values 8.213μg/mL very close to standard ascorbic acid (22.451 μg/mL). Furthermore, results showed that T. cordifolia is a good source of antioxidants as compared to the J. adhatoda. The total phenolic content (TPC) was highest in methanolic extract of T. cordifolia (46.463 mg GAE/g extract) while the J. adhatoda had lower values (31.167 mg GAE/g extract) by taking gallic acid as a standard. The total flavonoid content (TFC) was highest in methanol extract of J. adhatoda leaves (13.030 mg QE/g extract) while T. cardifolia had lower values (2.112 mg QE/g extract) which were determined by taking quercetin as a standard. The result revealed that the TPC is higher in T. cordifolia and TFC value higher in J. adhatoda and that can be correlated with the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of phytoconstituents although the plants have been used for the similar ethnomedical purpose in society.
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Singh, Deepika, and Prabir K. Chaudhuri. "Chemistry and Pharmacology of Tinospora cordifolia." Natural Product Communications 12, no. 2 (February 2017): 1934578X1701200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1701200240.
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Tinospora cordifolia (Menispermaceae) is an Ayurvedic medicinal plant distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent and China. The whole plant is used in folk and the Ayurvedic system of medicine alone and in combination with other plants. Due to its commercial importance, T. cordifolia has been of intense research interest for the last four decades with the isolation of diverse compounds such as alkaloids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, phenolics, steroids, aliphatic compounds and polysaccharides, along with the discovery of a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties like immunomodulation, anticancer, hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic. Although pharmacological activities of extracts and compounds of T. cordifolia have been studied both in vitro and in vivo, only few mechanisms of action have been explored and need further elaboration. In the present review, the pharmacological activities of compounds and different extracts of T. cordifolia are highlighted, along with those of the marketed products, showing the relevance of phytochemicals and the standardization of the marketed products for medicinal use. This compilation of the extensive literature of T. cordifolia here will be a referral point for clinical study and the development of standardized phytomedicines in healthcare.
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Paliwal, Ritu, Rakesh Singh, Debjani Roy Choudhury, Gunjan Tiwari, Ashok Kumar, K. C. Bhat, and Rita Singh. "Molecular Characterization of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers Using Novel g-SSR Markers and Their Comparison with EST-SSR and SCoT Markers for Genetic Diversity Study." Genes 13, no. 11 (November 5, 2022): 2042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13112042.
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In the present study, novel genomic-SSR (g-SSR) markers generated in our laboratory were used to characterize Tinospora cordifolia and related species. The g-SSR marker was also compared with EST-SSR and SCoT markers used earlier in our laboratory to assess the genetic diversity of T. cordifolia. A total of 26 accessions of T. cordifolia and 1 accession each of Tinospora rumphii and Tinospora sinensis were characterized using 65 novel g-SSR markers. A total of 125 alleles were detected with 49 polymorphic g-SSR markers. The number of alleles per locus varied from 1–4 with a mean value of 2.55 alleles per locus. Mean PIC, gene diversity, and heterozygosity were estimated to be 0.33, 0.41, and 0.65, respectively. The two species, namely T. rumphii and T. sinensis, showed cross-species transferability of g-SSRs developed in T. cordifolia. The success rate of cross-species transferability in T. rumphii was 95.3% and 93.8% in T. sinensis, proving the usefulness of this marker in genetic diversity studies of related species. The Tinospora accessions were also used for molecular characterization using SCoT and EST-SSR markers and compared for genetic diversity and cross-species transferability. The PIC, gene diversity, heterozygosity, and principal coordinate analysis showed that g-SSR is the better maker for a genetic diversity study of T. cordifolia. Additionally, high cross-species transferability of g-SSRs was found (95.3% and 93.8%) compared to EST-SSRs (68.8% and 67.7%) in T. rumphii and T. sinensis, respectively.
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Geetesh Rawat, Khushbu Tarangni Mathur, and Geeta Maheshwari. "Ameliorative effect of Tinospora cordifolia stem aqueous extract on Hematological parameters of wistar rat against HgCl2 induced toxicity." International Journal of Scientific Research in Modern Science and Technology 2, no. 12 (December 30, 2023): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.59828/ijsrmst.v2i12.173.
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Blood is crucial for the human body's health and survival. It carries out a variety of functions, including as delivering nutrients and oxygen. RBCs, WBCs, plasma, and platelets are the blood's major four constituents. It serves as a pathological sign for the condition of animals under different situations and toxicant exposure. This work aimed to explore the in vivo therapeutic mechanism of Tinospora cordifolia aqueous extracts against the haematotoxic effects of HgCl2. Ameliorative effect of T.cordifolia aqueous extract was evaluated in two groups of rats, including a treated group and a control group. The treated group was divided into following subgroups, I: HgCl2 treated, subgroup II: HgCl2 + T. cordifolia treated, subgroup III: T. cordifolia treated. These treated subgroups were further divided into 5 set of rats, one for acute (1d), three for sub-acute (7, 14 and 28ds), and one for sub-chronic (60 ds) study. The controls were run simultaneously. Male Wistar rats were given aqueous extracts of T. cordifolia (400 mg/kg body weight, orally, once daily) along with HgCl2 treatments. Dose of HgCl2 administered to animals after calculation of LD50 (25 mg/kg body weight). Animals used in acute, sub-acute, and sub-chronic studies of mercuric chloride received 1/10, 1/50, and 1/100 of the calculated LD50. This corresponds to 2.5, 0.5 and 0.25 mg/kg respectively. In mercury-treated mice, significant reductions in WBC, RBC, Hb, PCV and platelet count were also observed. These HgCl2-related effects were circumvented by regular intake of T. cordifolia aqueous extract. These results show that T. cordifolia protects against HgCl2 poisoning.
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Adeyemi, S. B., A. I. Afonja, M. B. Odebisi-Omokanye, T. P. Okor, and A. A. Lateef. "Antibacterial Activity of Anthocliesta vogelii (planch) and Tinospora cordifolia/ on Esherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Nigerian Journal of Technological Research 15, no. 3 (November 23, 2020): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtr.v15i3.7.
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An ethnobotanical investigation has revealed that the roots of Anthocliesta vogelii and stem bark of Tinospora cordifolia are used by indigenous people in the treatment of pile. This present study evaluated the antibacterial activity of the root and stem bark of Anthocliesta vogelii and Tinospora cordifolia respectively against the human pathogenic gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The phytochemical composition of these two plants was also assayed. Graded concentrations of 25mg/ml, 50mg/ml, 100mg/ml and 200mg/ml of the respective crude extract were applied against the test organisms. The percentage yield of the ethanolic extract of T. cordifolia stem and A. vogelii root were 40.978% and 21.872% respectively with their phytochemical analysis revealing the presence of saponins, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and glycosides, with steroids present in A. vogelii but absent in T. cordifolia. The antimicrobial effect of the ethanolic extracts of both plants on the two test bacteria was significant (P<0.05). However, the ethanolic root extract of A. vogelii showed higher inhibition against P. aeruginosa and E. coli than the ethanolic stem extract of T. cordifolia at concentrations of 50mg/ml, 100mg/ml and 200mg/ml, while both extracts did not have any inhibition on the test organisms at a concentration of 25mg/ml. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of the ethanolic extract of A. vogelii root on P. aeruginosa and E. coli were 50mg/ml and 100mg/ml respectively, while the MICs for the ethanolic extract of T. cordifolia stem on P. aeruginosa and E. coli was 50mg/ml respectively. Both plant extracts could not kill the test bacteria; hence, they are only bacteriostatic and not bactericidal against the test bacteria.
Keywords: Anthocleista vogelii, Tinospora cordifolia, Bacterial, Bacteriostatic, Bactericidal
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SB, Nagansurkar, Hemant KS Yadav, and Raizaday Abhay. "Formulation and Evaluation of Electrospun Nanofiber Mats of Curcumin and Leaf Extract of Tinospora cordifolia: Designed for Accelerating Diabetic Wound Healing." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY 14, no. 02 (June 24, 2024): 687–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.14.2.12.
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Traditional herbs like Tinospora cordifolia and curcumin have many therapeutic benefits. However, curcumin’s limited bioavailability is a problem. Electrospun nanofibers are an answer because they increase the effective surface area greatly, and make drug delivery better in almost all aspects. The combination in the form of nanofibers can be greatly useful in the treatment of diabetic wound healing, where curcumin, the known antibacterial and anti-inflammatory element, plays an important role. It is observed that when combined with extract of leaves of T. cordifolia, which has known antidiabetic and wound healing actions, blended in the chitosan polymer, which is itself a weak antibacterial compound hence can be one of the solutions to the menace of bacterial resistance which is very common in diabetic wound healing. This research aims to create and test electrospun nanofiber mats of curcumin and T. cordifolia leaves extract blended in chitosan as a base polymer in the treatment of diabetic wound healing. Leaves of the plant T. cordifolia, which were collected from the institute’s botanical garden, were subjected to drying and then prone to solvent extraction using methanol and acetone, resulting in the production of bioactive extracts. The curcumin was obtained as a gift sample from Sanjay Chemicals, Mumbai. Nanofibers were electrospun from chitosan, T. cordifolia leaf extract and curcumin. Characterization included scanning electron microscope (SEM), water contact angle measurement, TGA/DSC analysis, drug release studies, fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, swelling tests and in-vitro release profiling. The nanofiber mats of curcumin and leaves extract of T. cordifolia using chitosan as a base polymer were prepared and evaluated at various parameters. The results we found are very promising. The nanofibers formed by using electrospinning techniques show good content uniformity as well as good diameter which was checked using SEM. The study confirmed no component interactions using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The good hydrophilicity of mats was found to ensure good retention time. The study concluded with the formation of a novel formulation that can fight the menace of bacterial resistance, which is very common in the diabetic wound healing process. The formulation will ensure not only countering bacterial resistance but also the faster healing of diabetic wounds, as T. cordifolia leaves extract is known to improve angiogenesis and tissue remodeling.
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Kalem, Insha Kousar, Z. F. Bhat, Sunil Kumar, and Reshan Mudiyanselage Jayawardena. "Preservative potential of Tinospora cordifolia, a novel natural ingredient for improved lipid oxidative stability and storage quality of chevon sausages." Nutrition & Food Science 48, no. 4 (July 9, 2018): 605–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-10-2017-0212.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the preservative potential of Tinospora cordifolia as a novel natural preservative in muscle foods. Design/methodology/approach Chevon sausages were used as a model system and were prepared by incorporating different levels of T. cordifolia, namely, T1 (0.25 per cent), T2 (0.50 per cent) and T3 (0.75 per cent), and assessed for lipid oxidative stability and storage quality under refrigerated (4 ± 10°C) conditions. Findings Lipid oxidative stability showed a significant improvement as the products incorporated with T. cordifolia exhibited significantly (p = 0.001) lower thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (mg malonaldehyde/kg) in comparison to control. A significant improvement was also observed in the microbial stability as T. cordifolia-incorporated products showed significantly lower values for total plate count (log cfu/g, p = 0.001), psychrophilic count (log cfu/g, p = 0.003), yeast and mould count (log cfu/g, p = 0.02) and free fatty acid (percentage of oleic acid, p = 0.01). Significantly higher scores were observed for various sensory parameters of the treated products during storage. Originality/value Tinospora cordifolia successfully improved the lipid oxidative and microbial stability of the model meat product and may be commercially exploited as a novel preservative in muscle foods.
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Katara, Antariksh, Naveen K. Garg, and Mukul Mathur. "Separation and Identification of Anti-diabetic compounds in Tinospora cordifolia extract and Ayurvedic formulation Guduchi Satva by GCMS and FTIR study with Subsequent Evaluation of in-vitro Hypoglycemic Potential." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research 13, no. 02 (March 30, 2020): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25004/ijpsdr.2021.130211.
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Tinospora cordifolia stems (T. cordifolia), commonly known as Guduchi, is an effective Ayurveda drug used for diabetes management and various other disorders and ailments. Guduchi satva is classical Ayurvedic medicine being used for the treatment of diabetes and a variety of other disorders. The present study was conceded to determine the aqueous extract of T. cordifolia and Guduchi satva formulation for their relative identification of secondary metabolites using physicochemical parameters, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) fingerprint, and GCMS profiling. In vitro enzyme inhibition assay on α amylase and α glucosidase were also evaluated for both the extracts, in which Guduchi satva possess enhanced inhibition of enzymatic activity over the aqueous extract of T. cordifolia. The phytochemical and FTIR investigations were confirmed for the presence of alkaloids, tannins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, steroids, aromatic, hydroxy, and nitrogen-containing compounds. The gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis revealed the existence of stigmasterol (1.2%), stigmastane3, 6 dione,-5a (2.2%), betulin (8.4%), eicosanoic acid (1.09%), glycerol 1 palmitate (20.72%), ascorbyl palmitate (0.92%) and triamcinolone acetonide (0.89%) in both the extracts and effective in diabetes management.
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Srivastav, Yash, Gourav Thakur, and Sandhya Tiwari. "Study of Medicinal Plants: Ocimum Sanctum & Tinospora Cordifolia, Bioresources to Characterize Bioactive Compounds Using Soxhlet Apparatus." Asian Journal of Biotechnology and Bioresource Technology 10, no. 3 (July 27, 2024): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajb2t/2024/v10i3209.
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This study researched the phytochemical organization of two significant restorative plants - Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) and Tinospora cordifolia (giloy). Leaf tests of O. sanctum and stem tests of T. cordifolia were gathered, cleaned, dried and ground into powder. Extractions were performed involving ethanol and hexane solvents in a Soxhlet device. Qualitative phytochemical screening tests for a variety of bioactive compounds, including proteins, carbohydrates, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, alkaloids, glycosides, and phenolics, were performed on the extracts. The majority of the phytochemicals tested were found in O. sanctum extracts, while fewer compounds were found in T. cordifolia extracts. In particular, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, sugars, terpenoids and proteins were distinguished in O. sanctum but not in T. cordifolia separates. The two plants showed the presence of saponins, steroids, heart glycosides and phenolics. The study sheds light on the bioactive compound profiles of these significant medicinal plants and highlights their potential for further research in the fields of drug discovery and herbal formulation development. Future possibilities for research on these plants in regions like pharmacology, nutraceuticals and maintainable assets the executives are additionally talked about.
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Rege, A. A., P. R. Juvekar, and A. R. Juvekar. "IN VITRO LIPID PEROXIDATION INHIBITORY AND ANTI-ARTHRITIC ACTIVITIES OF SOME INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS." INDIAN DRUGS 49, no. 06 (June 28, 2012): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.49.06.p0031.
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Anti-lipid peroxidation effect of aqueous extracts of Ocimum sanctum, Tinospora cordifolia and Withania somnifera was evaluated against Fe2+-ascorbic acid-induced lipid peroxidation using rat liver mitochondria as model system, whereas, anti-arthritic activity was evaluated by proteinase inhibitory assay. O. sanctum showed potent anti-lipid peroxidation and anti-arthritic activities. T. cordifolia exhibited moderate anti-lipid peroxidation activity, but considerable anti-arthritic activity, whereas, W. somnifera revealed least lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity and considerable anti-arthritic activity. Besides, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent in terms of gallic acid equivalent achieved the total phenolic content and the trend was found to be O. sanctum > T. cordifolia > W. somnifera.
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Kitto, S. L., and A. Hoopes. "Micropropagation and Field Establishment of Tiarella cordifolia." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 10, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-10.3.171.
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Abstract Tiarella cordifolia L. (foamflower) was proliferated on an MS-based nutrient medium. Proliferation was maximal on medium gelled with 0.4% Difco-Bacto agar containing 1.0 mg benzyladenine (BA)/1 and 0 or 0.025 mg naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)/1. Proliferation of T. cordifolia var. collina was maximal on medium gelled with Gelrite® containing 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg BA/1 plus NAA (0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 mg/l). Greenhouse rooting and survival was directly related to an increase in microcutting length, whereas leaf number (two to six leaves per microcutting) had no effect. At least 48% of the microcuttings of T. cordifolia inserted directly in the field rooted and survived.
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., Sumanlata, Akanksha Suman, Rajeev Kumar Sharma, Meenakshi Jindal, and Adnan Khan. "Evaluation of the analgesic activity of the water soluble extract of stem of Tinospora cordifolia in experimentally induced pain in albino rats." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 3 (February 27, 2019): 938. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20190953.
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Background: Pain and pyrexia are the warning signals, primarily protective in nature, that cause discomfort and suffering and may even be unbearable and incapacitating. The modern drugs (like opioids, NSAIDs, corticosteroids) currently used for the management of pain, fever and inflammatory conditions, present with many known adverse effects. Tinospora cordifolia known as Giloe, widely used in folk medicine due to its property to cure a number of diseases. Hence the present study was undertaken to explore the analgesic activity of water-soluble extract of stem of T. cordifolia in albino rats in experimentally induced pain.Methods: Present study was done in the department of pharmacology, albino rats were used to study the analgesic activity of T. cordifolia aqueous extract at the dose of 1.25g/kg,2.5g/kg and 5g/kg p.o. Various methods like Eddy’s hot plate, tail flick test and acetic acid induced writhing were used for the anti- nociceptive study.Results: In Eddy’s hot plate and tail flick test an increase in reaction time was observed with peak effect at 90min. Results were similar to the standard drug Tramadol in acetic acid induced writhing increase in time of onset, decrease in number and duration of writhing was observed.Conclusions: Aqueous extract of T. cordifolia was effective in all the three models of pain suggesting its possible action by central and peripheral mechanisms. Activity of T. cordifolia can be attributed to various phytoconstituents viz. protoberberine alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides and polysaccharides. It can be developed as potent analgesic agent in future.
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Mandal, Purnendu, Asoke Kumar Das, Ananya Mandal, and Tuhin Kanti Biswas. "A study to evaluate efficacy of Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi) as analgesic agent using albino wistar rats as an experimental animal model." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 9, no. 2 (January 24, 2020): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20200170.
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Background: Pain is a very well-known symptom of many diseases and analgesics are used to relieve pain. The main problem with these drugs remains that of side effects. Herbal medicines are better in view of their cultural acceptability, better compatibility with human body systems and lesser incidence of side effects. Extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi) plant have been traditionally used to treat pain in traditional medicine.Methods: Commercially available preparation of T. cordifolia plant has been used as test drug (aqueous extract). Healthy albino rats of either sex, weighing between 140-200 g were selected for the study, divided into 4 groups of 6 each (control, standard, 100 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg). Central analgesic activity was assessed by tail flick model (morphine as standard drug I.P). Acetic acid 1% 10 ml/kg aqueous solution I.P. was used for abdominal writhing model. Diclofenac 150 mg/kg oral as standard drug for assessment of peripheral analgesic activity. Results were analysed using SPSS version 16 and Microsoft office excel 2007.Results: T. cordifolia extract significantly increased the tail flick latency time (sec) (mean tail flick latency control, T100, T300 6.833±0.25 sec, 8.65±017 sec, 10.01±0.14 respectively) (p value control vs T100, T300 at 90 min, 120 min, 0.0573, 0.0198, 0.0198 in between group) and decreased number of abdominal writhing in comparison with the control group (p value <0.0001).Conclusions: Extract of T. cordifolia was found to possess analgesic activity and also exhibited dose and time dependant increase involving central and peripheral mechanisms. The analgesic activity of T. cordifolia found to be comparable to standard drug used.
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Niki Nautiyal, Pooja Bhat. "Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Activity Screening of StemExtracts of Tinospora cordifolia." Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights 2, no. 29 (December 24, 2020): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-2020-29-2(6).
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Abstract-Tinosporacordifoliaisapopularmedicinal plant which is used in several traditional medicines to cure various diseases. The common names are Amrita and Guduchi, belonging to the family of Menispermaceae. The aim of the study was to study the stem extract of traditional medicinal plant, T. cordifolia for qualitative estimation of phytoconsituents and subsequently to determine its antibacterialactivityagainsttwotestmicroorganisms Escherichia coliand Pseudomonas aeruginosato authenticate its use in traditional medicines. Stems were air-dried and coarsely powdered samples were subjectedto Soxhlet extractionusingdiversesolvents(Hexane,chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol and water). Freshly prepared extracts were exposed to standard phytochemical analysis for qualitative estimation of phytoconsituents. The antibacterial activity of the stem extract of T. cordifolia was determined by agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of several phytochemicals viz., alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenol, tannins, steroid, terpenoids, saponins and sugars. The methanolic extract displayed the presence of highest number of phytochemical compounds. It may be due to the higher solubility of active components in this solvent as compared to other solvents. The results revealed that the methanolic extract exhibit the effective antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial species . The studies justify the use of T. cordifolia in traditional medicines. The investigation further proposed that the metabolites present in leaf tissue of T. cordifolia can be potential source of novel natural antibacterial and antioxidant agents and can be prospective applications in food industry as an antioxidant
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Ajoko, Imomotimi Timipa, Bamidele Martin W. Amos Tautua, and Elizabeth Oluwakemi Bamgbade. "HPLC Analysis and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Methanol Extract of the Leaves of Triumfetta cordifolia A. Rich. (Malvaceae) Available in Bayelsa State, Nigeria." Scholars International Journal of Chemistry and Material Sciences 6, no. 06 (July 4, 2023): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sijcms.2023.v06i06.001.
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Triumfetta cordifolia is used in traditional medicine to treat inflammation in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, however, the aqueous methanol extract of T. cordifolia leaves have not been explored scientifically to confirm this ethno-medicinal claim using animal model. In this study, aqueous methanol extract of T. cordifolia leaves was tested for its anti- inflammatory properties and the profiling of flavonoid components using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vivo anti-inflammatory efficacy was performed utilizing a rat model of formalin-induced paw edema. The extract's anti-inflammatory effectiveness against formalin-induced paw edema revealed notable anti-inflammatory effects. The percentage inhibition of the extract at the dose of 500 mg/kg with 10.69% inhibition was comparable to the standard drug aspirin with 10.69% inhibition while the dose of 100 and 250 mg/kg has higher percentage inhibition (13.58%) in comparison with the standard drug aspirin (10.69%) at same time interval all in the curative measure. The major flavonoid compounds from the HPLC analysis include kaempferol, quercitrin, (+) - catechin, luteolin, quercetin, myricetin, hesperidin, narigin, apigenin and rutin. Thus, it can be suggested that the high content of flavonoids may be responsible for the anti-inflammatory activities exhibited by the methanol extract of T. cordifolia. Therefore, the results obtained in this study shows that the methanol leaf extract of T. cordifloia possess potent anti-inflammatory activity in acute inflammation.
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Sanmugarajah, Vinotha, Gowri Rajkumar, and P. A. H. R. Panambara. "A Detail Review on Heart-Leaved Moonseed (Tinospora cordifolia) Medicinal Plant." Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry 6, no. 2 (November 22, 2022): 154–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.25026/jtpc.v6i2.466.
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Worldwide, a usage of herbal medicine is gradually increasing for the safety and maintains the health due to its lower side effects. Numerous medicinal plants are using by the healers and traditional physicians to control the disease conditions. Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers (Menispermaceae Family) is distinguished as Heart-Leaved Moonseed herb of the Siddha Medicine which is practicing by Tamil speaking people in Sri Lanka. This present study emphases the detailed review of the pharmacological activities of the Tinospora cordifolia (T. cordifolia) based on the previous scientific studies and textbooks. Data were collected from all existing sources such as ancient and current indigenous text books, websites, proceedings, research and review articles and other related documents based on prepared data entry form. According to this study, T. cordifolia is an important traditional plant which has a variety of pharmacological activities and medicinal usage due to the numerous chemical constituents are present in the various part of this plant. As such, this review paper can serve as evidence for researchers to conduct future scientific research as well as clinical studies in Siddha Medicine.
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Cury, Graziela, and Beatriz Appezzato-da-Glória. "Internal secretory spaces in thickened underground systems of Asteraceae species." Australian Journal of Botany 57, no. 3 (2009): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt08139.
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Secretory structures are present in many vascular plants and have an important ecological role as a plant defence mechanism against herbivors and pathogens. Internal secretory spaces of lipid substances are widespread in the Asteraceae. However, information about the occurrence of these structures in thickened underground systems is sparse, compared with what we know about aerial systems. The main objective of the present paper was to investigate the occurrence, formation and chemical nature of the secretory structures in six Asteraceae species belonging to the following tribes: Eupatorieae (Mikania cordifolia and M. sessilifolia), Mutisiae (Trixis nobilis), Plucheeae (Pterocaulon alopecuroides) and Vernonieae (Vernonia elegans and V. megapotamica). The samples were collected in areas of Cerrado (tropical savanna) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The secretory structures found were cortical canals in roots (T. nobilis, P. alopecuroides, V. elegans and V. megapotamica), cortical cavities in roots (M. cordifolia, M. sessilifolia and P. alopecuroides), cavities in the secondary phloem of roots (T. nobilis), cortical cavities in the xylopodium (M. cordifolia, M. sessilifolia, P. alopecuroides and V. megapotamica) and in the underground stem (T. nobilis), and canals in the secondary xylem in the xylopodium (M. cordifolia and M. sessilifolia). Histochemical tests showed the presence of lipid substances in all structures.
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Anggadiredja, Kusnandar, and Callista Sandrine Azalea Sidik. "Kajian Aktivitas Neurofarmakologi Tinospora cordifolia." Acta Pharmaceutica Indonesia 48, no. 1 (December 5, 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/api.v48i1.21348.
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Sistem pengobatan tradisional Ayurveda meresepkan pengobatan herbal, yang disebut Medhya Rasayana, untuk mendorong peremajaan otak. Tinospora cordifolia adalah salah satu herbal Medhya Rasayana yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan. Kajian pustaka ini mencakup potensi T. cordifolia beserta mekanisme yang mendasari dalam pengobatan berbagai penyakit yang berdampak pada sistem saraf, seperti penyakit neurodegeneratif, kanker otak, depresi, penyalahgunaan obat, serta menyinggung perannya dalam meningkatkan fungsi kognitif.
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Ramkumar, J., M. Swamiappan, S. Raguraman, and A. Sadasakthi. "LARVAL HOST SPECIFICITY AND PROBOSCIS MORPHOLOGY OF FRUIT PIERCING MOTHS." Journal of Biopesticides 03, no. 02 (December 1, 2010): 428–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.3.2.428-431.
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ABSTRACT The neonate larvae of Othreis materna (L.) fed only on the leaves of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.), whereas the larvae of O. fullonia (Clerck) completed their life cycle on the hosts viz., T. cordifolia, Tiliacora acuminata Miers. and Diploclisia glaucescens (Blume) from neonate stage itself and it could not feed on Cocculus hirsutus (L.) Diels. and Erythrina indica (Lam.). Except T. cordifolia and E. indica the larvae of O. homaena reared on C. hirsutus, T. acuminata and D. glaucescens completed the life cycle. The larval duration was lesser when reared on C. hirsutus than the T. acuminata and D. glaucescens. The neonate larvae of Rhytia hypermnestra (Stoll) fed only on T. cordifolia with successful survivability. The proboscis of male and female of O. materna, O. fullonia, O. homaena and R. hypermnestra had three sclerotised oblique blades with sharp edges, six erectile barbs arranged in two rows near the tip which was sharply pointed. The total length of the proboscis of O. materna measured 13.90 mm and the sclerotised tip was very short measuring 1.21mm in male whereas it was 14.30 and 1.27 mm in female, respectively. The proboscis length of male O. fullonia, O. homaena and R.hyperm nestra was measured to be 15.25, 13.40 and 15.15 mm, respectively whereas in female it was 17.50, 14.70, 15.60 mm. The sclerotised tip of male moth measured 1.34, 1.30 and 1.27 mm, respectively and in female 1.49 mm in O. fullonia and 1.34 mm in both O. homaena and R. hypermnestra
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Praiwala, B., S. Priyanka, N. Raghu, N. Gopenath, A. Gnanasekaran, M. Karthikeyan, R. Indumathi, et al. "In vitro anti-bacterial activity of Tinospora cordifolia leaf extract and its phytochemical screening." Journal of Biomedical Sciences 5, no. 2 (April 17, 2019): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jbs.v5i2.23633.
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Background: Antimicrobial resistance is the main concern worldwide to combat infectious. Over the years studies on leaf extracts Tinospora cordifolia have demonstrated the potent role its antibacterial property. The current study is an attempt to test its antibacterial property against Escherichia coli cell division.
Material and methods: Phytochemical screening assay of T. cordifolia leaf extract was done using standard procedure and the results showed the presence of alkaloid, carbohydrate, terpenoid, steroid, tannin, amino acid, flavonoid and glycoside components.
Results: HPLC analysis revealed the presence of berberine in T. cordifolia leaf extract. Further E. coli cells were treated with berberine to study its efficacy in inhibiting cell division. Antibacterial assay was performed by using disc diffusion method.
Conclusion: Among aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic, chloroform, hexane and acetone extract only methanolic extract showed zone of inhibition.
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Bala, Manju, Praveen Kumar Verma, Shiv Awasthi, Neeraj Kumar, Brij Lal, and Bikram Singh. "Chemical Prospection of Important Ayurvedic Plant Tinospora cordifolia by UPLC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and NMR." Natural Product Communications 10, no. 1 (January 2015): 1934578X1501000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1501000113.
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A rapid, sensitive, and accurate ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric method (UPLC-MS) was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of four bioactive compounds, syringin (3), cordifolioside A (4), magnoflorine (6) and tinocordiside (10) in the stem of Tinospora cordifolia. The analysis was performed using an Acquity C18 column and gradient elution of 0.05% formic acid in water and acetonitrile at a detection wavelength of 267 nm in 5 min. A high correlation coefficient (r2 > 0.998) indicated good correlation between investigated compounds concentration and their peak area within the test ranges. The LODs for compounds 3, 4, 6 and 10 were 1.95, 0.97, 3.90 and 0.97 ng/mL, respectively, and LOQs were 6.64, 3.20, 12.87 and 3.20 ng/mL, respectively. The overall intra- and inter-day variations of the four compounds were less than 1%. The variation of these four bioactive compounds in T. cordifolia hosted on fifteen different trees was also determined. The compounds (3, 4, 6 and 10) were found in high amount in the T. cordifolia hosted on Azadirachta indica and Mangifera indica as compared with other plants. Twelve compounds were identified on the basis of their mass and UV-vis spectra. The NMR fingerprinting of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, fatty acid methyl esters, polysaccharides and marker components of T. cordifolia.
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Syed Gulam Ahmed, Suguna Sajja, Bhuvaneswari Edavaluru, Shravya Edavaluru, and Praneeth Reddy Onteddu. "Effectiveness of Tinospora cordifolia in comparison to tramadol for analgesic activity in albino rats." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 14, no. 9 (September 1, 2023): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v14i9.55215.
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Background: Pain and pyrexia are the warning signals, primarily protective in nature, that cause discomfort and suffering and may even be unbearable and incapacitating. The modern drugs (such as opioids, NSAIDs, and corticosteroids) currently used for the management of pain, fever, and inflammatory conditions, present with many known adverse effects. Tinospora cordifolia known as Giloe or guduchi, widely used in folk medicine due to its property to cure several diseases. Aims and Objectives: The present study was undertaken to explore the analgesic activity of water-soluble extract of T. cordifolia in albino rats in experimentally induced pain. Materials and Methods: The present study was done in the Department of Pharmacology, Gandhi Medical College, Secunderabad. Albino rats were used to study the analgesic activity of T. cordifolia aqueous extract at the dose of 300 mg/kg and 1 g/kg and tramadol 50 mg/kg per orally. Eddy’s hot plate was used for the antinociceptive study. Results: In Eddy’s hot plate, an increase in reaction time was observed with peak effect at 90 min. Results were close to the standard drug tramadol. Conclusion: Aqueous extract of T. cordifolia was effective in model of pain suggesting its possible action by central and peripheral mechanisms, and in higher doses, it was found to be effective like that of tramadol.
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Ramakrishnan, V., P. Gokul, R. Hemalatha, AT Karthika, R. Mohan Raj, and R. Shankar. "In vitro anthelmintic activity of Tinospora cordifolia nanoparticles against strongyle nematode of small ruminants." Journal of Phytopharmacology 12, no. 2 (April 30, 2023): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2023.12203.
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The age old Ethnoveterinary Medicine has turned into a limelight recently in the treatment of livestock as it is cheaper, easily available, sustainable and environmentally acceptable with nil residues in animal tissues and offals. These pristine herbal medicines can be the better alternatives to conventional anthelmintics with a greater resistance problem. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness of Tinospora cordifolia extract as a reducing agent in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles as well as the effectiveness of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles in inhibiting the hatching of strongyle nematode eggs in small ruminants. Aqueous extract of T. cordifolia leaves and stems was prepared and screened for phytochemical constituents. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using the extract and characterized by using visual appearance, particle size and Zeta potential values. Egg hatch assay (EHA) was carried out according to the techniques and recommendations of the World Association for Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology. Dynamic light scattering and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) were showed that the average particle size was 2.8nm. Zeta potential of synthesized silver nanoparticle was -18.4 mv. The egg hatch inhibition assay revealed a significant inhibition in a dose dependent manner, when compared with aqueous extracts of T. cordifolia. Thus, the present study warrants the potential anti- nematode activity of T. cordifolia however further studies are required to investigate the active principle responsible for the activity.
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Akhilraj, B. C., J. Suresh, K. Rajamani, M. Kumar, and R. Gnanam. "Utilising Inter-Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA, Assess Genetic Variability in Indigenous Medicinal Plant Heart-leaved Moonseed (Tinospora cordifolia)." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 13 (May 19, 2023): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i132995.
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The Ayurvedic medical system, which uses herbal preparations for its traditional remedies, has been used in India since ancient times. One of the powerful immunomodulators is Tinospora cordifolia, also known as AMRITA, which is credited to this miracle medication for giving its user youth, longevity, and vigour. RAPD has been widely and successfully used to identify several species of medicinally significant plant. The need for research into and protection of therapeutic plant species is growing. The perseverance of the evaluation was to assess the genetic diversity among 10 accessions of T. cordifolia obtained from various districts in Tamil Nadu. Eighteen decamer primers were used in the study. Nine of them had repeatable, different polymorphism patterns in their primers. The DNA recovered from several T. cordifolia accessions exhibited random amplification and various levels of genetic polymorphism was observed. In the sample from Salem district the most genetic polymorphism was found.
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Pandey, Sushma, Lasta Maharjan, and Bijaya Pant. "In vitro Propagation and Assessment of Genetic Homogeneity using RAPD and ISSR Markers in Tinospora cordifolia (Wild.) Hook. F. & Thoms, An Important Medicinal Plant of Nepal." Journal of Nepal Biotechnology Association 4, no. 1 (March 22, 2023): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnba.v4i1.53443.
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The Menispermaceae family includes the widely glabrous, succulent, climbing shrub Tinospora cordifolia (Gurjo), which has been found to have a variety of pharmacological and ethnomedicinal characteristics. T. cordifolia is also one of the most commercially exploited plants in pharmaceuticals. The nodal segment explants were initially cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP), and/or Kinetin (KIN) among which MS +BAP (2.0 mg/l) induced shoot initiation after 7 days of post-inoculation. The nodal segments were then excised and treated with various concentrations of BAP, BAP with KIN, and coconut water for the proliferation among which 5 mg/l induced significant nodal segment proliferation (9.0 nodal segments/per explant) and shoot length (8.0 cm). The efficacy of coconut water in increasing the nodal segment proliferation of T. cordifolia was tested and the shoot proliferation increased significantly at 5% and 10% of coconut water, however, the maximum response of shoot number (23.0), shoot length (12 cm) was in the MS medium supplementation with BAP (5mg/l) and 10% coconut water. The genetic fidelity of these plants was also confirmed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers in wild and in vitro cultures. This protocol is an efficient way for the in vitro mass propagation of true-to-type plantlets of T. cordifolia which provides a basis for germplasm conservation and sustainable utilization.
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Ngondya, Issakwisa B., Anna C. Treydte, Patrick A. Ndakidemi, and Linus K. Munishi. "Can Cynodon dactylon Suppress the Growth and Development of the Invasive Weeds Tagetes minuta and Gutenbergia cordifolia?" Plants 8, no. 12 (December 6, 2019): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8120576.
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Approaches to managing invasive plants is challenging, particularly in protected areas where conventional methods, such as chemical herbicide applications are limited. We studied the effects of varying densities of Cynodon dactylon on the growth and development of the invasive weeds Tagetes minuta and Gutenbergia cordifolia in northern Tanzania. We conducted pot and field plot experiments following a completely randomized block design that was replicated three times. Increasing densities of C. dactylon significantly reduced growth, leaf total chlorophyll, biomass and significantly increased leaf anthocyanin of both T. minuta and G. cordifolia invasives. Our results further showed that the critical density of C. dactylon to suppress the two invasive species is ≥ 8 plants/m2. We suggest that C. dactylon can successfully be used as an alternative eco-friendly and sustainable approach for managing invasive weeds, such as T. minuta and G. cordifolia. This management technique can additionally improve forage production and biomass for wild and domestic herbivores in the affected areas.
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Susanto, Awang Farhan Ferdyan Syah, Ahmad Shobrun Jamil, M. Artabah Muchlisin, and Irsan Fahmi Almuhtarihan. "A Network Pharmacology of Brotowali (Tinospora cordifolia) on Immunity Cases." Proceedings of International Pharmacy Ulul Albab Conference and Seminar (PLANAR) 3 (November 13, 2023): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/planar.v3i0.2469.
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COVID-19 is a disease outbreak related to the human immune system. The process of spreading very quickly makes this outbreak a dangerous pandemic. COVID-19 cases in 2020 in Indonesia, positive cases were reaching 1,089,308 people with a death rate of 20,277 people as of 2 February 2021. Efforts are being made to reduce and prevent virus transmission by boosting the immune system using an immunomodulator. Based on the literature studies that have been conducted, several Indonesian local plants have potential as immunomodulator. The in silico test was carried out because the computer simulation method has scientific validity, is relatively new, and has a high level of accuracy. This study aims to determine the protein network associated with the body's immune system, which is activated due to the administration of Brotowali (Tinospora Cordifolia). The research method used is exploratory descriptive with in silico analysis using a computational model with online databases, including KNApSAck, Dr. Duke, Pubchem, SwissADME, SwissTargetPrediction, Venny, StringDB, and KEGG. Based on the results of pharmacological network analysis, T. Cordifolia contains 33 secondary metabolites, 25 of which have high bioavailability. Proteins associated with T. cordifolia contain 640 compounds, and those related to immunomodulators contain 1380 proteins. The intersection results obtained 191 proteins predicted to interact with T. cordifolia and are related to immunomodulators. Based on KEGG Pathway analysis, there are five critical pathways in the immunomodulatory system, namely Th17 cell differentiation, IL-17 signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-anthraquinone can be an immunomodulator because it interacts with five critical pathways in the immunomodulator system.
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Ramadhan, Samed Abdul Jabbar, and Ozdan Akram Ghareeb. "Toxicity of AgNPs upon Liver Function and Positive Role of Tinospora Cordifolia: In Vivo." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): 2164–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211562164.
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This experiment was premeditated to probe the toxic impact of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) upon liver function parameters in male rats, as well as to demonstrate the protective effect of Tinospora cordifolia (T.C) against liver function disorders caused by AgNPs. Twenty-four rats were classified into four packs, six ones for every pack. Rats were included by control animals without treatment, while the AgNPs group included rats treated with 50μl/kg / day AgNPs. In the AgNPs + T.C group, rats were co-administered of AgNPs at a dose of 50μl/kg with T.C at a dose of 400 mg/kg. Whereas, animals of the T.C pack were treated with 400 mg/kg of T.C. The duration of the experiment was 28 days. After blood samples were taken at the conclusion of the experiment. The levels of biochemical parameters (liver enzymes) such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase were evaluated to detect liver function abnormalities. Thwe Pw A t e dewoe t ste user e dnoAiwoe se dsnd disnte dnirease in the activity of serum liver enzymes in comparison to the control group (p < 0.05).While T. cordifolia co-treatment significantly reduced the levels of activities of those enzymes. Therefore, it can be considered that T. cordifolia effectively contributes to the protection against liver dysfunction caused by AgNPs in rats. Keywords : Silver Nanoparticles, liver dysfunction, biochemical parameters.
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Basnet, Saroj, Rishab Marahatha, Asmita Shrestha, Salyan Bhattarai, Saurav Katuwal, Khaga Raj Sharma, Bishnu P. Marasini, et al. "In Vitro and In Silico Studies for the Identification of Potent Metabolites of Some High-Altitude Medicinal Plants from Nepal Inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein." Molecules 27, no. 24 (December 15, 2022): 8957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27248957.
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Despite ongoing vaccination programs against COVID-19 around the world, cases of infection are still rising with new variants. This infers that an effective antiviral drug against COVID-19 is crucial along with vaccinations to decrease cases. A potential target of such antivirals could be the membrane components of the causative pathogen, SARS-CoV-2, for instance spike (S) protein. In our research, we have deployed in vitro screening of crude extracts of seven ethnomedicinal plants against the spike receptor-binding domain (S1-RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Following encouraging in vitro results for Tinospora cordifolia, in silico studies were conducted for the 14 reported antiviral secondary metabolites isolated from T. cordifolia—a species widely cultivated and used as an antiviral drug in the Himalayan country of Nepal—using Genetic Optimization for Ligand Docking (GOLD), Molecular Operating Environment (MOE), and BIOVIA Discovery Studio. The molecular docking and binding energy study revealed that cordifolioside-A had a higher binding affinity and was the most effective in binding to the competitive site of the spike protein. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies using GROMACS 5.4.1 further assayed the interaction between the potent compound and binding sites of the spike protein. It revealed that cordifolioside-A demonstrated better binding affinity and stability, and resulted in a conformational change in S1-RBD, hence hindering the activities of the protein. In addition, ADMET analysis of the secondary metabolites from T. cordifolia revealed promising pharmacokinetic properties. Our study thus recommends that certain secondary metabolites of T. cordifolia are possible medicinal candidates against SARS-CoV-2.
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Fanwa, Michèle N., Catherine Malhiac, Nicolas Hucher, Arnaud M. Y. Cheumani, Maurice K. Ndikontar, and Michel Grisel. "Triumfetta cordifolia Gum as a Promising Bio-Ingredient to Stabilize Emulsions with Potentials in Cosmetics." Polymers 15, no. 13 (June 26, 2023): 2828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15132828.
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The cosmetics industry is searching for efficient and sustainable substances capable of stabilizing emulsions or colloidal dispersions that are thermodynamically unstable because of their high surface energy. Therefore, surfactants are commonly used to stabilize the water/oil interface. However, the presence of a surfactant is not always sufficient to obtain stable emulsions on the one hand, and conventional surfactants are often subject to such controversies as their petroleum origin and environmental concerns on the other hand. As a consequence, among other challenges, it is obvious that research related to new—natural, biodegradable, biocompatible, available, competitive—surfactants are nowadays more intensive. This study aims to valorize a natural gum from Triumfetta cordifolia (T. cordifolia) as a sustainable emulsifier and stabilizer for oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, and to evaluate how the nature of the fatty phase could affect this potential. To this end, O/W emulsions were prepared at room temperature using three different oils varying in composition, using a rotor–stator mixer. Resulting mixtures were characterized using optical microscopy, laser granulometry, rheology, pH and stability monitoring over time. The results demonstrated good potential for the gum as an emulsifying agent. T. cordifolia gum appears efficient even at very low concentrations (0.2% w/w) for the preparation and stabilization of the different O/W emulsions. The best results were observed for cocoglyceride oil due to its stronger effect of lowering interfacial tension (IFT) thus acting as a co-emulsifier. Therefore, overall results showed that T. cordifolia gum is undoubtedly a highly promising new bio-sourced and environmentally friendly emulsifier/stabilizer for many applications including cosmetics.
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Modi, Bindu, Hari Timilsina, and Ram Chandra Basnyat. "Ethnobotanical Studies and Biological Screening of Tinospora cordifolia." Our Nature 17, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v17i1.33986.
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The aim of this study was to carry out the ethno-botanical survey to determine the importance of traditional medicinal Tinospora cordifolia plant and to evaluate phytochemical screening and anti-oxidant potential of plant extract of Tinospora cordifolia. Traditionally, it is used alone or with other medicinal plants to treat common disease such as fever, diabetics, urinary tract infection and piles problem. Phytochemical screening proved that plant extracts are the rich sources of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids etc. Antioxidant activity of these plant extracts was studied by DPPH radical scavenging assay which proved the inhibitory concentration, IC50 value of hexane and methanol extract of leaves of Tinospora cordifolia were 140 and 79.41 µg/ml and hexane and methanol extract of stem were found to be 126.52 and 76.26 µg/ml, Similarly IC50 value of methanol extract of leaves and stem from percolation method were 94.83 and 91.88 µg/ml . The IC50 value thus provided scientific information that T. cordifolia can be used as a potential candidate in different pharmaceutical purpose.
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N’guettia Marie, Yah, N’douba Amako Pauline, Koffi Ahébé Marie Hélène, Soro Senan, Kante Drissa, and Koffi N’dodo Boni Clovis. "Controle Des Maladies De La Tomate (Solanum Lycopercicum L.) En Culture Avec Trois Extraits De Plantes A Daloa (Cote D’ivoire)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, no. 17 (May 31, 2022): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n17p111.
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La culture de la tomate en Côte d’Ivoire est sujette aux attaques de nombreux pathogènes qui sont à l'origine de dégâts au champ et en post-récolte. Aussi pour réduire l’impact des maladies sur les cultures, différentes méthodes de lutte sont utilisées. C’est dans cette optique que cette étude a été entreprise. Elle a consisté à tester l’efficacité des extraits d’Alchornea cordifolia ; Mezoneuron benthamianum, et Tithonia diversifolia sur les symptômes des maladies d’une parcelle de tomate cultivée à Daloa. Les extraits poudreux de ces trois plantes ont été utilisés pour traiter un sol de culture infesté à la quantité 5 g et 15 g par poquet à différentes périodes : un mois et deux semaines avant repiquage et le jour du repiquage. Les résultats montrent que les extraits de A. cordifolia, M. benthamianum et T. diversifolia réduisent considérablement l’incidence et la sévérité des symptômes par rapport au témoin. Ainsi, le traitement du sol un mois avant le repiquage a montré des incidences plus faibles au niveau des symptômes de jaunissement (32,27 à 55 %), de l’enroulement (30 à 45,55 %) et de flétrissement (0 à 8,33 %). Au niveau de la sévérité des symptômes foliaires, le traitement du sol le jour du repiquage a induit une sévérité moindre du jaunissement et de l’enroulement sur les plants de tomate avec M. benthamianum tandis que le sur le flétrissement, c’est le traitement du sol un mois avant le repiquage qui donne les plus faibles sévérités (0 à 0,5) pour tous les traitements. Au niveau des galles racinaires, le traitement du sol un mois avant le repiquage induit des faibles incidences et des symptômes moins sévères. A. cordifolia a été plus efficace à la quantité de 5 g/poquet. Cette étude montre que les extraits de plantes tels que A. cordifolia, M. benthamianum, et T. diversifolia pourraient être utilisés comme méthode efficace de contrôle des maladies de la tomate en culture.
The tomato crop in Côte d'Ivoire is subject to attack by many pathogens that cause damage in the field and post-harvest. This study consisted in testing the efficacy of extracts of Alchornea cordifolia; Mezoneuron benthamianum, Tithonia diversifolia on the symptoms of diseases in a tomato plot grown in Daloa. The powdery extracts of these three plants were used to treat crop soil in the quantity of 5g and 15g/pack at different periods: one and two months before transplanting and the day of transplanting. The health analysis of the plants from the infested soil after different applications of A. cordifolia, M. benthamianum and T. diversifolia extracts gave lower incidences and severities of symptoms compared to the control. Thus, the soil treatment one month before transplanting showed the lowest incidences of yellowing (32.27 to 55%), leaf curl (30 to 45.55%), and wilting (0 to 8.33%) symptoms. Regarding the severity of foliar symptoms, the soil treatment on the day of transplanting induced a lower severity of yellowing and leafroll on tomato plants with M. benthamianum while wilting, the soil treatment one month before transplanting gave the lowest severity (0 to 0.5) for all treatments For root galls, soil treatment one month before transplanting induced low incidences and less severe symptoms. A. cordifolia was more effective at 5 g/pack. This study shows that plant extracts such as A. cordifolia, M. benthamianum, and T. diversifolia could be used as an effective method for controlling tomato diseases in cultivation.
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Singh, Rakesh, Ajay Kumar Mahato, Akshay Singh, Rajesh Kumar, Amit K. Singh, Sundeep Kumar, Soma S. Marla, Ashok Kumar, and Nagendra K. Singh. "TinoTranscriptDB: A Database of Transcripts and Microsatellite Markers of Tinospora cordifolia, an Important Medicinal Plant." Genes 13, no. 8 (August 12, 2022): 1433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13081433.
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Tinospora cordifolia, commonly known as “Giloe” in India, is a shrub belonging to the family Menispermaceae. It is an important medicinal plant known for its antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and antidiabetic properties and is used in the treatment of jaundice, gout, and rheumatism. Despite its economic importance, the limited information related to its genomic resources prohibits its judicious exploitation through molecular breeding or biotechnological approaches. In this study, we generated a meta-transcriptome assembly of 43,090 non-redundant transcripts by merging the RNASeq data obtained from Roche 454 GS-FLX, and Illumina platforms, and report the first transcriptome-based database for simple sequence repeats and transcription factors (“TinoTranscriptDB” (Tinospora cordifolia Transcriptome Database)). We annotated 26,716 (62%) of the total transcripts successfully from National Center for Biotechnology Information non-redundant protein (NCBI-NR), gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Swiss-Prot, and Pfam databases. This database contains information of 2620 perfect simple sequence repeats (P-SSRs) with a relative abundance of 340.12 (loci/Mb), and relative density of 6309.29 (bp/Mb). Excluding mono-nucleotides, the most abundant SSR motifs were tri-nucleotides (54.31%), followed by di-nucleotides (37.51%), tetra-nucleotides (4.54%), penta-nucleotides (3.16%) and hexa-nucleotides (0.45%). Additionally, we also identified 4,311 transcription factors (TFs) and categorized them into 55 sub-families. This database is expected to fill the gap in genomic resource availability in T. cordifolia and thus accelerate molecular breeding and related functional and other applied studies aimed towards genetic improvements of T. cordifolia and related species.
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Akhilraj, B. C., J. Suresh, K. Rajamani, M. Kumar, and R. Gnanam. "Influence of Hormonal Treatments on STEM Cuttings through Multiplication in Therapeutically Worthwhile Plant Tinospora cordifolia." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 7 (May 18, 2023): 680–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i71920.
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India is a leader in the usage of the ancient ayurveda system and is blessed with a vast richness of medicinal herbs. Over 68 Ayurveda formulations contain the medicine Guduchi as one of its main constituents, and need for this medication has climbed from 3000 to 6000 MT with a 9.1% yearly increase. Unfortunately, uncontrolled harvesting is causing the natural populations to decline. There is plenty of room to expand the commercial production of these plants given the enormous increase in demand. For the purpose of creating a technique for rapid multiplication, propagation by stem cuttings was examined in the current experiment. For this species, the impact of various GA3 concentrations on stem cuttings during 30 DAP and 45 DAP was investigated using the randomized block design (RBD) with four replications. The 200 ppm GA3-treated stem cuttings of T. cordifolia (T1) showed considerable rooting (85.75%). The highest shoot lengths at 45 days after planting were measured for treatments T1 (average 106.15 cm). Maximum root numbers were measured for treatments T1 (6.25 cm) and treatment T1 had slightly longer roots (17.42 cm), but there were no statistical differences in mean values. Throughout the course of the experiment, T. cordifolia cuttings' average lowest and maximum growth rates ranged from 4.33 cm/day to 7.1 cm/day. The results of this study showed that the optimal propagation approach for T. cordifolia for commercial multiplication is influence of hormonal treatments on stem cuttings.
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Savisa Yadav, Pooja Rani, Kumari Shanno, Raman Kumari, Shamim, Tarmeen Ali, Nitin Chandrakant Mohire, Gita Nitin Mohire, and Ravindra Bhimraj Laware. "Development and characterization of Tinospora cordifolia extract-loaded SLNs for the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 20, no. 3 (December 30, 2023): 1102–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.20.3.2565.
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Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) have emerged as promising drug delivery systems with the potential to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of bioactive compounds. In this study, T. Cordifolia extract-loaded SLNs were developed and characterized for their application in the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis. T. Cordifolia, known for its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, was chosen as the active ingredient. The formulations were systematically evaluated for drug-excipient compatibility, particle size, zeta potential, drug loading efficiency, drug release kinetics, encapsulation efficiency, in-vitro release, and stability. The results indicated "No Change" in drug-excipient compatibility, ensuring the formulation's stability. The SLNs exhibited nanoscale particle sizes (159.30 nm to 172.12 nm) with narrow size distributions, facilitating consistent drug delivery. Negative zeta potentials (-28.28 mV to -35.44 mV) indicated colloidal stability. High drug loading efficiencies (up to 32.23%) and controlled drug release kinetics were observed, suggesting the potential for sustained and targeted drug delivery. Encapsulation efficiencies of up to 83.41% highlighted efficient drug loading within the SLNs. In-vitro release studies revealed that SLN2 and SLN4 exhibited superior drug release profiles compared to other formulations. These findings indicate the potential of these formulations for controlled drug delivery. In-vivo efficacy studies in murine models of autoimmune hepatitis are recommended to assess the therapeutic benefits of T. Cordifolia extract-loaded SLNs. Additionally, stability studies demonstrated the maintenance of critical parameters, such as particle size, zeta potential, and drug loading efficiency, under different storage conditions.
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Balkrishna, Acharya, Subarna Pokhrel, Meenu Tomer, Sudeep Verma, Ajay Kumar, Pradeep Nain, Abhishek Gupta, and Anurag Varshney. "Anti-Acetylcholinesterase Activities of Mono-Herbal Extracts and Exhibited Synergistic Effects of the Phytoconstituents: A Biochemical and Computational Study." Molecules 24, no. 22 (November 18, 2019): 4175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24224175.
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease, is the most common form of dementia. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a common strategy for the treatment of AD. In this study, aqueous, hydro-methanolic, and methanolic extracts of five potent herbal extracts were tested for their in vitro anti-AChE activity. Among all, the Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) methanolic fraction performed better with an IC50 of 202.64 µg/mL. Of the HPLC analyzed components of T. cordifolia (methanolic extract), palmatine and berberine performed better (IC50 0.66 and 0.94 µg/mL, respectively) as compared to gallic acid and the tool compound “galantamine hydrobromide” (IC50 7.89 and 1.45 µg/mL, respectively). Mode of inhibition of palmatine and berberine was non-competitive, while the mode was competitive for the tool compound. Combinations of individual alkaloids palmatine and berberine resulted in a synergistic effect for AChE inhibition. Therefore, the AChE inhibition by the methanolic extract of T. cordifolia was probably due to the synergism of the isoquinoline alkaloids. Upon molecular docking, it was observed that palmatine and berberine preferred the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE, with π-interactions to PAS residue Trp286, indicating that it may hinder the substrate binding by partially blocking the entrance of the gorge of the active site or the product release.
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Alsuhaibani, Sultan, and Masood A. Khan. "Immune-Stimulatory and Therapeutic Activity of Tinospora cordifolia: Double-Edged Sword against Salmonellosis." Journal of Immunology Research 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1787803.
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The present study was aimed at determining the activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Tinospora cordifolia (AETC and METC) against Salmonella typhimurium. In vitro anti-Salmonella activity of T. cordifolia was determined through the broth dilution and agar well diffusion assays. The immune-stimulating potential of AETC or METC was determined by measuring the cytokine levels in the culture supernatants of treated murine J774 macrophages. Antibacterial activity of AETC or METC was determined by treating S. typhimurium-infected macrophages and BALB/C mice. The toxicity of AETC or METC was determined by measuring the levels of liver inflammation markers aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) and antioxidant enzymes. Macrophages treated with AETC or METC secreted greater levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β. METC showed greater activity against S. typhimurium infection in macrophages and mice as well. Treatment with METC resulted in increased survival and reduced bacterial load in S. typhimurium-infected mice. Moreover, METC or AETC treatment reduced the liver inflammation and rescued the levels of antioxidant enzymes in S. typhimurium-infected mice. The results of the present study suggest that the use of T. cordifolia may act as a double-edged sword in combating salmonellosis.
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SB, Nagansurkar, Hemant KS Yadav, and Raizaday Abhay. "Fabrication, Evaluation and In-vitro, In-vivo Efficacy of Electrospun Nanofiber Mats of Tinospora cordifolia Extract and Curcumin." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE 15, no. 02 (June 25, 2024): 727–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijpqa.15.2.27.
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The current research work highlights the fabrication and evaluation of nanofiber mats prepared using electrospinning technology containing Tinospora cordifolia extract and curcumin incorporated in chitosan polymer. The study of the prepared mats was carried out to optimize the formulations, to check in-vitro antibacterial activity, and to establish the effectiveness in diabetic wound healing by conducting an animal study. The nanofiber mats of curcumin and leaf extract of T. cordifolia using chitosan as a base polymer were prepared, optimized, and evaluated for antibacterial activity in-vitro, while their ability to enhance the wound healing process was checked using an animal model. The research parameters included the rate at which the wound contracted besides the time taken for epithelialization by using the wound healing model- excision technique. The results we found are encouraging for further studies. The nanofibers showed good antibacterial potential and faster healing of wounds. The research finished by developing an improved new formulation that effectively combats bacterial resistance, a common problem in the diabetic wound healing process. The mixture will not only fight resistant bacteria, but it will also help diabetic wounds heal faster because the T. cordifolia leaf extract is known to improve blood vessel growth and tissue remodeling.
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Thakur, Rakesh Kr, Vijay Rani Rajpal, S. N. Raina, Pawan Kumar, Anand Sonkar, and Lata Joshi. "UPLC-DAD Assisted Phytochemical Quantitation Reveals a Sex, Ploidy and Ecogeography Specificity in the Expression Levels of Selected Secondary Metabolites in Medicinal Tinospora cordifolia: Implications for Elites’ Identification Program." Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 20, no. 8 (April 25, 2020): 698–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026620666200124105027.
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Background: Medicinal phytochemistry involving UPLC-DAD in an exhaustive analysis involving quantification of eight commercially important phytochemicals viz. syringin, cordifolioside A, magnoflorine, tinocordiside, palmatine, 20β-hydroxyecdysone, L-tetrahydropalmatine and berberine has been done in 143 accessions from eight states and the union territories of Delhi and Jammu & Kashmir of India representing three different ploidy levels viz. diploid (2x), triploid (3x) and synthetic tetraploid (4x). The study was done to assess the effect of sex, ploidy level and ecogeography on the expression level of secondary metabolites in stems of dioecious, medicinally important shrub Tinospora cordifolia. Methods: Two different UPLC-DAD methods were used for the quantification of eight selected phytochemicals from the alcoholic stem extracts of T. cordifolia accessions. The Waters Acquity UPLC system hyphenated to the QTOF micromass system, equipped with PDA and ESI-Q-TOF detectors was utilized for the quantitative analysis, Mass Lynx v 4.0 software was used for data analysis. Results: Significant quantitative changes were observed in the analysed secondary metabolites among different accessions of T. cordifolia. The triploid (3x) cytotypes revealed higher amounts of seven out of eight analysed secondary metabolites than diploids and only 20β-hydroxyecdysone was observed to be present in significantly higher amount in diploid cytotypes. Further, at the tetraploid level, novel induced colchiploid (synthetic 4x) genotypes revealed increase in the yield of all of the analysed eight phytochemicals than their respective diploid counterparts. The quantity of active principles in tetraploid cytotypes were also higher than the average triploid levels at multiple locations in five out of eight tested phytochemicals, indicating the influence of ploidy on expression levels of secondary metabolites in T. cordifolia. Additionally, at each of the three ploidy levels (2x, 3x and synthetic 4x), a significant sex specificity could be observed in the expression levels of active principles, with female sex outperforming the male in the content of some phytochemicals, while others getting overexpressed in the male sex. The manifestation of diverse ecogeographies on secondary metabolism was observed in the form of identification of high yielding accessions from the states of Madhya Pradesh, Delhi and Himachal Pradesh and the Union territory of Jammu & Kashmir. Two triploid female accessions that contained approximately two- to eight fold higher amounts of five out of the eight analysed phytochemicals have been identified as superior elites from the wild from the states of Delhi and Madhya Pradesh. Conclusion: The paper shows the first observations of ploidy specificity along with subtle sex and ecogeography influence on the expression levels of secondary metabolome in T. cordifolia.
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Chauhan, Shekher, Saurabh Singh, Puneet Chauhan, and Dileep S. Baghel. "Tinospora cordifolia: A Promising Herb of Ayurveda." Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences 8, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2021.8.4s.11.
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Ayurvedic products (naturally obtained) with medicinal value are gradually again gaining importance worldwide. Tinospora cordifolia, commonly known as “GUDUCHI” is the nectar plant and has been called amrita in Sanskrit as it works in detoxifying and rejuvenating and boast immunity of the body. It is climber in nature which belongs to the family “Menispermaceae”. It is a deciduous plant with dry woods grown in tropical districts in India, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka, frequently climbing over fences or small trees. Following chemical constituents are alkaloids, diterpenoids lactones, glycosides, steroids, sesquiterpenoid, phenolic, aliphatic compound, and polysaccharides. T. cordifolia is found effective in dyspepsia, fever, urinary disorders and shows the following biological activities such as anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, and spermicidal
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Yusuf, K. O., O. A. Isah, O. M. Arigbede, A. O. Oni, and C. F. I. Onwuka. "Chemical composition, secondary metabolites, in vitro gas production characteristics and acceptability study of some forage for ruminant feeding in South-Western Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 40, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v40i1.693.
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Studies were conducted to evaluate the nutritive value of eight selected forages (Tridax procumbens, Merremia aegyptia, Aspilia africana, Tithonia diversifolia, Alchornea cordifolia, Alchornea laxiflora, Synedrella nodiflora, and Newbouldia laevis) consumed by ruminants in South-Western Nigeria. Chemical composition and qualitative analysis of saponins, phenol and steroids of the plants were determined. In vitro gas production (IVGP) was carried out for 72 hours on the plants. Metabolizable energy (ME), Organic matter digestibility (OMD) and Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were predicted and methane (CH4) was measured. Five of the plants were subjected to acceptability study using cafeteria method. The result of the chemical composition revealed that M. aegyptia had the highest value of CP (22.09 %) while Tridax procumbens had the lowest (10.50 %). A. africana had the highest content of Calcium, Phosphorus and Zinc with values of 3.10 %, 0.93 % and 39 ppm respectively. The analysis of secondary metabolites showed that A. africana, T. diversifolia and S. nodiflora were high in saponin while A. cordifolia, A. laxiflora, T. diversifolia and A. africana were implicated for condensed Tannin. N. laevis recorded a high level of steroids. Results showed significant variations in the values of IVGP, ME, OMD, SCFA and CH4 obtained for the plants. The order of preference of the plants by the calves were M. aegyptia>A. cordifolia > N. laevis > A. axiflora> T. diversifolia. The study revealed that the forages are rich in crude protein as well as micro and macro minerals. They are also rich in highly fermentable carbohydrates which affirm them as ruminant feed resource.
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Shrestha, Tara, and Janardan Lamichhane. "Assessment of phytochemicals, antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity activity of methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Gurjo)." Nepal Journal of Biotechnology 9, no. 1 (July 31, 2021): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njb.v9i1.38646.
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Traditionally used medicinal plants are the major resources of biologically active metabolites which are widely used for the cure of numerous diseases especially in developing countries where health facilities are rare. Many plants are in use for centuries but there is not enough scientific evidence and exploration. This research is focused on phytochemicals, antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity activity analysis of one of the most commonly used ethnomedicine Tinospora cordifolia collected from the Kavrepalanchok district of Nepal. Phytochemicals analysis of methanol extract of T. cordifolia showed the presence of alkaloids, coumarin saponins, glycosides, reducing sugar, and triterpenes. Antibacterial activity performed by disc diffusion method exhibited the highest activity against Streptococcus with a zone of inhibition are 10.3mm, 8.5mm, 6.5mm, and 6mm at 200mg/ml, 100mg/ml, 50mg/ml, and 25mg/ml of concentration respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity increased with increasing concentration of extract. When compared with ascorbic acid at equivalent concentration, the extract shows a lower scavenging profile (56.07% for the extract and 98.01% for ascorbic acid at 320 ppm). Cytotoxicity was evaluated in terms of LC50 (lethality concentration). The result showed that the extract of T. cordifolia was found to be toxic with an LC50 value of 232.64μg/ml. The bioactive component present in the plants could be the result of its pharmacological effects that support the traditional use of plants.
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Anshu, Sarvesh Kumar Singh, and Kshipra Rajoria. "A Critical Review on Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia [willd.] miers) and its Medicinal Properties." International Research Journal of Ayurveda & Yoga 7, no. 6 (June 30, 2024): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/irjay.2024.70606.
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Introduction: First of all, Tinospora cordifolia, sometimes referred to as “Amrita” or “Guduchi,” is a crucial medication utilized in Indian Systems of Medicine and has been for ages. The Sanskrit term “guduchi” means “which protects the body from diseases.” This herb is also known by the name “Amrita,” which in Hindu mythology alludes to the celestial nectar. Aim: This well-known Indian bitter is recommended for fevers, diabetes, dyspepsia, jaundice, skin conditions, kidney issues, persistent diarrhea, and dysentery. Leprosy, helminthiasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and cardiac problems have all been shown to benefit from it. It is a significant medication that is utilized in a variety of preparations, including Swarasa, Ghrita, Satva, Tail, etc. Material and Methods: For this review article, Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, Ashtanga Sangraha, Bhavprakash Nighantu, Raj Nighantu, Dhanvantari Nighantu, Shaligrama Nighantu, Priya Nighantu, Kaiydev Nighantu, Madanpal Nighantu, Shodhal Nighantu. Results: It has long been recognized that the T. cordifolia plant possesses strong therapeutic, medicinal, healing, and soothing properties. Discussion: Guduchi’s anti-toxic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and anti-oxidant qualities make it a highly promising medicinal herb. In addition, there is no proof that Guduchi contains any harmful substances or adverse effects, demonstrating its safety. Conclusion: T. cordifolia, often known as Giloy, is an herb with medicinal characteristics that can prevent many diseases or abnormalities by naturally boosting immunity in human bodies. These properties are confirmed by the therapeutic and safety aspects research included in this review. Herbal and traditional medicines have a long history and are widely used in India. Natural medicines are becoming more and more important in clinical research these days. In the enormous collection of significant Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), one of the medicinal
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Wijayanti, Eka Setya, Madyo Maryoto, and Wasis Eko Kurniawan. "PENGARUH PEMBERIAN AIR REBUSAN DAUN BINAHONG (ANREDERA CORDIFOLIA) TERHADAP TEKANAN DARAH PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI WILAYAH DESA JETIS KECAMATAN NUSAWUNGU." SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah 2, no. 3 (March 9, 2023): 671–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.55681/sentri.v2i3.617.
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Hipertensi menjadi penyebab kematian nomor satu di dunia dari tahun ketahunnya. Tanaman rumahan yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengobatan hipertensi adalah daun binahong. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian air rebusan daun binahong (anredera cordifolia) terhadap tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi di wilayah desa Jetis Kecamatan Nusawungu. Metode penelitian ini adalah quasy eksperimental dengan pendekatan pre-post test design with one group. Teknik sampling dengan purposive sampling sebanyak 27 responden penderita hipertensi. Data diambil dengan melakukan pengukuran tekanan darah sebelum dan sesudah terapi pemberian air rebusan daun binahong (anredera cordifolia). Hasil penelitian menunjukan penderita hipertensi dialami oleh responden usia 46-65 tahun sebanyak 17 responden (63%), berjenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 22 responden (81.5%). Dengan rerata tekanan darah pre-test sebesar 147.85/92.96 mmHg dan post-test sebesar 133.44/81.81mmHg. hasil uji statistik uji wilcoxon didapatkan data ada penurunan tekanan darah sejumlah 26 responden dengan p-value sistolik = 0.000 (p-value ≤ α) dan hasil tekanan darah diastolik dengan uji paired t-test didapatkan nilai p-value diastolik = 0.000 (p-value ≤ α) yang berarti ada pengaruh pemberian air rebusan daun binahong (anredera cordifolia).