Journal articles: 'GNCAP'

1

Zeng, Shaofeng, Yujian Li, and Zhaoying Liu. "GNCCP Learning Graph Matching." Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics 30, no. 6 (2018): 1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1089.2018.16582.

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Sun, Hongchun, Yiju Wang, Houchun Zhou, and Shengjie Li. "An Improvement of Global Error Bound for the Generalized Nonlinear Complementarity Problem over a Polyhedral Cone." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/596067.

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We consider the global error bound for the generalized nonlinear complementarity problem over a polyhedral cone (GNCP). By a new technique, we establish an easier computed global error bound for the GNCP under weaker conditions, which improves the result obtained by Sun and Wang (2013) for GNCP.

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Sun, Hongchun, and Yiju Wang. "A Sharper Global Error Bound for the Generalized Nonlinear Complementarity Problem over a Polyhedral Cone." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2013 (2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/209340.

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We revisit the global error bound for the generalized nonlinear complementarity problem over a polyhedral cone (GNCP). By establishing a new equivalent formulation of the GNCP, we establish a sharper global error bound for the GNCP under weaker conditions, which improves the existing error bound estimation for the problem.

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Liu, Zhi-Yong, and Hong Qiao. "GNCCP—Graduated NonConvexityand Concavity Procedure." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 36, no. 6 (June 2014): 1258–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2013.223.

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Sun, Hongchun, and Yiju Wang. "Global Error Bound Estimation for the Generalized Nonlinear Complementarity Problem over a Closed Convex Cone." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/245458.

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The global error bound estimation for the generalized nonlinear complementarity problem over a closed convex cone (GNCP) is considered. To obtain a global error bound for the GNCP, we first develop an equivalent reformulation of the problem. Based on this, a global error bound for the GNCP is established. The results obtained in this paper can be taken as an extension of previously known results.

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Yang, Xu, Hong Qiao, and Zhi-Yong Liu. "Outlier robust point correspondence based on GNCCP." Pattern Recognition Letters 55 (April 2015): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2014.12.011.

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Lóránt, Bálint, Krisztina László, and Gábor Márk Tardy. "Improving the Performance of Microbial Fuel Cells with Modified Carbon Aerogel Based Cathode Catalysts." Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering 66, no. 1 (November 26, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppch.18854.

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Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are capable of converting the chemical energy of biodegradable organic matter directly into electricity, thus they can be applied in various fields: waste elimination, biosensor industry and production of renewable energy. In this study, the efficiency of noble metal free carbon aerogel based cathode catalysts was investigated and compared to plain glassy carbon cloth without catalyst (CC ) and platinum containing carbon powder catalyst ( PtC ) in H-type MFCs. Surface extension by carbon aerogel (CA ) enhanced the maximum power density by 34 % compared to CC, to 14.1 W m−3. With nitrogen doped carbon aerogel (NCA) the performance was further increased to 15.7 W m−3. Co-doping the resorcinol-melamine-formaldehyde based aerogel with graphene oxide (GNCA) resulted in an additional power increase of 70 %, indicating that the electrocatalytic activity of NCAs can be considerably improved by co-doping with graphene oxide. Although the performance of GNCA remained below that of PtC (50.2 W m−3) in our investigations, it can be concluded that GNCA based coatings may provide a noble metal free, and therefore competitive and sustainable alternatives for cathode catalysis in MFC based technologies.

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KE, YIFEN, and CHANGFENG MA. "A NEURAL NETWORK FOR THE GENERALIZED NONLINEAR COMPLEMENTARITY PROBLEM OVER A POLYHEDRAL CONE." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society 99, no. 3 (October 30, 2015): 364–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446788715000300.

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In this paper, we consider a neural network model for solving the generalized nonlinear complementarity problem (denoted by GNCP) over a polyhedral cone. The neural network is derived from an equivalent unconstrained minimization reformulation of the GNCP, which is based on the penalized Fischer–Burmeister function ${\it\phi}_{{\it\mu}}(a,b)={\it\mu}{\it\phi}_{\mathit{FB}}(a,b)+(1-{\it\mu})a_{+}b_{+}$. We establish the existence and the convergence of the trajectory of the neural network, and study its Lyapunov stability, asymptotic stability and exponential stability. It is found that a larger ${\it\mu}$ leads to a better convergence rate of the trajectory. Simulation results are also reported.

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Vedachalam, Narayanaswamy. "Assessment of the Technological Maturity of Marine Autonomous Surface Ships." Marine Technology Society Journal 56, no. 4 (August 23, 2022): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.4.16.

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Abstract Marine Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) are gaining increasing attention due to the potential benefits of improving safety and efficiency. The paper presents the trends in the development of autonomous ships and reliability modeling carried out to assess the maturity of Guidance, Navigation, Control, Power and Propulsion (GNCPP) subsystems that are critical for safe and reliable operation of MASS. Based on the simulations with field-failure data as inputs, it is identified that a typical vessel GNCPP system can have a mean time to fail period of 1.2 years. The emergency shore support systems shall require a proof test interval of 22 days to comply with IEC61508 HSE Safety Integrity Level 3 of on-demand availability. The results could help in efficient maintenance planning and integrity management of the autonomous ship systems. The efforts required to realize situation-aware autonomous navigation technologies complying with stringent operational regulatory frameworks are also discussed.

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Harish, Omri, and David Golomb. "Control of the Firing Patterns of Vibrissa Motoneurons by Modulatory and Phasic Synaptic Inputs: A Modeling Study." Journal of Neurophysiology 103, no. 5 (May 2010): 2684–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01016.2009.

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Vibrissa motoneurons (vMNs) generate rhythmic firing that controls whisker movements, even without cortical, cerebellar, or sensory inputs. vMNs receive serotonergic modulation from brain stem areas, which mainly increases their persistent sodium conductance ( gNaP) and, possibly, phasic input from a putative central pattern generator (CPG). In response to serotonergic modulation or just-suprathreshold current steps, vMNs fire at low rates, below the firing frequency of exploratory whisking. In response to periodic inputs, vMNs exhibit nonlinear suprathreshold resonance in frequency ranges of exploratory whisking. To determine how firing patterns of vMNs are determined by their 1) intrinsic ionic conductances and 2) responses to periodic input from a putative CPG and to serotonergic modulation, we construct and analyze a single-compartment, conductance-based model of vMNs. Low firing rates are supported in extended regimes by adaptation currents and the minimal firing rate decreases with gNaP and increases with M-potassium and h-cation conductances. Suprathreshold resonance results from the locking properties of vMN firing to stimuli and from reduction of firing rates at low frequencies by slow M and afterhyperpolarization potassium conductances. h conductance only slightly affects the suprathreshold resonance. When a vMN is subjected to a small periodic CPG input, serotonergically induced gNaP elevation may transfer the system from quiescence to a firing state that is highly locked to the CPG input. Thus we conclude that for vMNs, the CPG controls firing frequency and phase and enables bursting, whereas serotonergic modulation controls transitions from quiescence to firing unless the CPG input is sufficiently strong.

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Tutte, W. T., and Cedric A. B. Smith. "The number of ways of grading examination candidates." Mathematical Gazette 87, no. 508 (March 2003): 34–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025557200172079.

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Candidates are graded by their examination results in some such way as 1st B; 2nd equal A, D; 4th equal C, E; and so on. In how many ways gncan n candidates be graded? This problem was solved by Cayley [1, pp. 374-378] and later by others. It does not seem to be well known, and the following result may be of interest.

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Shivshetty, Nagaveni, Rajeshwari Hosamani, Liyakat Ahmed, Ajay Kumar Oli, Syed Sannauallah, Shivshetty Sharanbassappa, S. A. Patil, and Chandrakanth R. Kelmani. "Experimental Protection of Diabetic Mice against LethalP. aeruginosaInfection by Bacteriophage." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/793242.

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The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains has become a global crisis and is vulnerable for the exploration of alternative antibacterial therapies. The present study emphasizes the use of bacteriophage for the treatment of multidrug resistantP. aeruginosa.P. aeruginosawas used to induce septicemia in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic and nondiabetic mice by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 3 × 108 CFU, resulting in a fatal bacteremia within 48 hrs. A single i.p. injection of 3 × 109 PFU phage GNCP showed efficient protection in both diabetic (90%) and nondiabetic (100%) bacteremic mice. It was further noted that the protection rate was reduced in diabetic mice when phage GNCP was administered after 4 h and 6 h of lethal bacterial challenge. In contrast, nondiabetic bacteremic mice were rescued even when treatment was delayed up to 20 h after lethal bacterial challenge. Evaluation of results confirmed that a single intraperitoneal injection of the phage dose (3 × 109 PFU/mL) was more effective than the multiple doses of imipenem. These results uphold the efficacy of phage therapy against perniciousP. aeruginosainfections, especially in cases of immunocompromised host.

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Megbelayin, EmmanuelOlu. "21G Needle-Assisted Pterygium Excision (21-GNAP): A Novel Safe Approach." Nigerian Journal of Ophthalmology 28, no. 1 (2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/njo.njo_8_20.

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Newman*, Steven E., and Robert O. Miller. "Greenhouse and Nursery Media Analysis Proficiency Testing." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 882A—882. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.882a.

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Greenhouse and nursery managers rely on testing laboratories with the expectations of accuracy and consistency. The Greenhouse and Nursery Media Analysis Proficiency (GNMAP) Testing program was initiated to provide laboratories servicing greenhouses and nurseries with inter-laboratory quality control. The GNMAP program operational guidelines are based on those outlined under ISO 9000, ISO/IEC Guide 43 and Draft ISO/IEC Guide 24, which describe the requirements for proficiency testing. Nine laboratories enrolled in the program in 2003 and submitted results for root zone media and fertilizer solutions. Data analysis provided the minimum, maximum and median values; median absolute deviation (MAD); overall reproducibility (Rd); individual reported lab values; repeatability (Rp) of lab value (CV for the individual lab); and mean lab value reported. The Rd was calculated from the median of all lab Rp values and is a measure of intra-lab variance. A measure of inter-lab variance was determined by calculating the relative median deviations (RMD = MAD/Median × 100). For one of the media distributed, results for the saturated media extract included median pH values from 4.3 to 6.9 with MAD values averaging 0.1 across the three samples. The electrical conductivity (EC) median values ranged from 0.36 to 4.57 dS/m with RMD averaging 31% of the median. The main variability between laboratories for the majority of the macro cations was closely aligned with measured EC. Cations (K, CA and Mg) concentrations ranged from 17 to 502 mg/L with Ca typically in the greatest concentration. Cation inter-lab precision, based on the RMD ranged from 9-32% across the three substrate samples. The greatest RMD was 31.8% for Ca and 9.2% for K. The Rd values for the cations averaged 5%.

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Tran, Linh M., Mark P. Brynildsen, Katy C. Kao, Jason K. Suen, and James C. Liao. "gNCA: A framework for determining transcription factor activity based on transcriptome: identifiability and numerical implementation." Metabolic Engineering 7, no. 2 (March 2005): 128–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2004.12.001.

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Quadroni, R., and T. Knopfel. "Compartmental models of type A and type B guinea pig medial vestibular neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 72, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): 1911–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.72.4.1911.

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1. We have developed compartmental models of guinea-pig medial vestibular nuclei neurons (MVNns). The structure and the parameters of the model cells were chosen to reproduce the responses of type A and type B MVNns as described in electrophysiological recordings. 2. Dynamics of membrane potentials were modeled in 46 and 61 branched electrical compartments for Type A and Type B MVNns, respectively. Each compartment was allowed to contain up to nine active ionic conductances: a fast inactivating sodium conductance, gNa, a persistent sodium conductance, gNap, a low-voltage activated calcium conductance, gCa(LVA), a high-voltage activated calcium conductance, gCa(HVA), a fast-voltage activated potassium conductance, gK(fast), a slowly relaxing voltage activated potassium conductance, gK(slow), a fast transient potassium channel, gK(A), a slowly relaxing mixed sodium-potassium conductance activating at hyperpolarized membrane potentials, gH, and a calcium-activated potassium conductance gK(AHP). The kinetics of these conductances were derived from voltage-clamp studies in a variety of preparations. Kinetic parameters as well as distribution and density of ion channels were adjusted to yield the reported electrophysiological behavior of medial vestibular neurons. 3. Dynamics of intracellular free [Ca2]i were modeled by inclusion of a Ca(2+)-pump and a Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger for extrusion of calcium. Diffusion of calcium between submembraneous sites and the center of an electrical compartment was modeled by 25 and 6 shell-like chemical compartments for the cell body and the proximal dendrites, respectively. These compartments also contained binding sites for calcium. 4. The dynamics of active conductances were the same in both models except for gK(fast). This was necessary to achieve the different shape of spikes and of spike afterhyperpolarization in type A and type B MVNns. An intermediate depolarizing component of the spike afterhyperpolarization of type B neurons in part depended on their dendritic cable structure. 5. Variation of the low threshold calcium conductance, gCa(LVA), shows that the ability to generate low-threshold spike bursts critically depends on the density of this conductance. Sodium plateaus were generated when increasing the density of gNap. 6. The type B model cell generated rhythmic bursts of spiking activity under simulation of two distinct experimental conditions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Zaleski, Jacek, and Adam Pietraszko. "Crystal Structure and Phase Transitions of [C(NH2)3]3l3Sb2Cl9· 0.9 H2O." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 49, no. 9 (September 1, 1994): 895–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1994-0913.

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Abstract The room temperature structure of [C(NH2)3]3Sb2Cl9 · 0.9 H2O (GNCA) was solved. It crystal lizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group with a = 15.275, b = 8.794, c = 17.904 (in Å), β = 96.40°, V = 2390 Å3, Z = 4. Refinement of the atomic parameters by a least squares methods gave R = 0.042, wR = 0.039 for 1958 reflections with F>4σ(F). The structure consists of polyanionic (Sb2Cl93-)n layers built of deformed corner connected SbX63-octahedra. Two crystallographically inequivalent guanidinium cations are present, one situated between polyanionic layers, the other one together with a disordered water molecule inside cavities formed by polyanions. Temperature X-ray scattering experiments together with DSC studies were carried out above room temperature. Temperature dependence of the lattice parameters between 300 K and 380 K was determined and a phase transition of mixed order at 364 K was revealed.

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Llinas, R. R., and A. Alonso. "Electrophysiology of the mammillary complex in vitro. I. Tuberomammillary and lateral mammillary neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 68, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): 1307–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1992.68.4.1307.

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1. The electrophysiological properties of the tuberomammillary and lateral mammillary neurons in the guinea pig mammillary body were studied using an in vitro brain slice preparation. 2. Tuberomammillary (n = 79) neurons were recorded mainly ventral to the lateral mammillary body as well as ventromedially to the fornix within the rostral part of the medial mammillary nucleus. Intracellular staining with horseradish peroxidase (n = 9) and Lucifer yellow (n = 3) revealed that these cells have several thick, long, spiny dendrites emerging from large (20-35 microns) fusiform somata. 3. Most tuberomammillary neurons (66%) fired spontaneously at a relatively low frequency (0.5-10 Hz) at the resting membrane potential. The action potentials were broad (2.3 ms) with a prominent Ca(2+)-dependent shoulder on the falling phase. Deep (17.8 mV), long-lasting spike afterhyperpolarizations were largely Ca(2+)-independent. 4. All tuberomammillary neurons recorded displayed pronounced delayed firing when the cells were activated from a potential negative to the resting level. The cells also displayed a delayed return to the baseline at the break of hyperpolarizing pulses applied from a membrane potential level close to firing threshold. Analysis of the voltage- and time dependence of this delayed rectification suggested the presence of a transient outward current similar to the A current (IA). These were not completely blocked by high concentrations of 4-aminopyridine, whereas the delayed onset of firing was always abolished when voltage-dependent Ca2+ conductances were blocked by superfusion with Cd2+. 5. Tuberomammillary neurons also displayed inward rectification in the hyperpolarizing and, primarily, depolarizing range. Block of voltage-gated Na(+)-dependent conductances with tetrodotoxin (TTX) selectively abolished inward rectification in the depolarizing range, indicating the presence of a persistent low-threshold sodium-dependent conductance (gNap). In fact, persistent TTX-sensitive, plateau potentials were always elicited following Ca2+ block with Cd2+ when K+ currents were reduced by superfusion with tetraethylammonium. 6. The gNap in tuberomammillary neurons may subserve the pacemaker current underlying the spontaneous firing of these cells. The large-amplitude spike afterhyperpolarization of these neurons sets the availability of the transient outward rectifier, which, in conjunction with the pacemaker current, establishes the rate at which membrane potential approaches spike threshold. 7. Repetitive firing elicited by direct depolarization enhanced the spike shoulder of tuberomammillary neurons. Spike trains were followed by a Ca(2+)-dependent, apamine-sensitive, slow afterhyperpolarization. 8. Lateral mammillary neurons were morphologically and electrophysiologically different from tuberomammillary neurons. All lateral mammillary neurons neurons recorded (n = 44) were silent at rest (-60 mV).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Pereira, Nuno Alvares de A., Harnios Arief, Rachmad Hermawan, and Adjat Sudradjat. "Empowerment of the Community of Cisantana as a buffer village of Gunung Ciremai National Park through Ecotourism Program." Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) 13, no. 1 (March 27, 2023): 156–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.13.1.156-167.

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The welfare of the buffer village community is a factor that affects the sustainability of Gunung Ciremai National Park (GCNP). One of the efforts that can be made is empowering the community by developing and managing nature tourism through a partnership pattern. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research in buffer villages, namely Cisantana Village, with the objectives are; assessing the potential for developing Objects and Natural Tourism Attraction (ONTA), identifying the level of influence and importance of stakeholders, analyzing the benefits and trends of natural tourism development, and strategies for developing and managing ONTA. Data collection was done by interview, observation, and library search. The analysis used; ADO ODTWA (Analysis of Operational Areas-ONTA), Analysis of the Level of Influence and Importance of Stakeholders, and Qualitative Descriptive Analysis. ONTA of Palutungan campground is worth developing. GNCP Office Center and Koperasi Alam Citra Mandiri are key players. The partnership program provides socio-economic benefits for the people of Cisantana Village. The ONTA development and management strategy can adopt the Pentahelix Model, which encourages the strengthening of tourism collaboration through optimizing the roles of BGCAM. The involvement of the private sector in product development in ONTA is required but must be dominated by the local community.

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Bai, Xiao, Xue Li, Siqi Ding, and Dongqiu Dai. "Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Nutrients 15, no. 17 (September 1, 2023): 3826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15173826.

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Available results on the association between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and gastric cancer (GC) incidence are controversial. The present study aimed to determine the correlation between different subtypes of GC and MD adherence. This meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021284432). We searched Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception through 22 April 2023 to retrieve relevant studies. A random-effects model was used to pool odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled analyses revealed that adherence to the MD was inversely associated with GC risk (ORcc, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.63; ORcoh, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.92). Higher MD adherence was significantly associated with a reduced GC risk in male (ORcc, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.93; ORcoh, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.65 to 1.01), but not in female (ORcc, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.68 to 1.01; ORcoh, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.31). Furthermore, adherence to the MD possibly decreased the risk of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) (ORcc, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.83; ORcoh, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.02) and gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA) (ORcc, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.79; ORcoh, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.94). Our results indicate that adherence to the MD reduces the risk of GC and its subtypes.

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Wu, Nanping, Akifumi Enomoto, Susumu Tanaka, Chie-Fang Hsiao, Duane Q. Nykamp, Eugene Izhikevich, and Scott H. Chandler. "Persistent Sodium Currents in Mesencephalic V Neurons Participate in Burst Generation and Control of Membrane Excitability." Journal of Neurophysiology 93, no. 5 (May 2005): 2710–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00636.2004.

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The functional and biophysical properties of a persistent sodium current ( INaP) previously proposed to participate in the generation of subthreshold oscillations and burst discharge in mesencephalic trigeminal sensory neurons (Mes V) were investigated in brain stem slices (rats, p7–p12) using whole cell patch-clamp methods. INaP activated around −76 mV and peaked at −48 mV, with V1/2 of −58.7 mV. Ramp voltage-clamp protocols showed that INaP undergoes time- as well as voltage-dependent inactivation and recovery from inactivation in the range of several seconds (τonset = 2.04 s, τrecov = 2.21 s). Riluzole (≤5 μM) substantially reduced INaP, membrane resonance, postinhibitory rebound (PIR), and subthreshold oscillations, and completely blocked bursting, but produced modest effects on the fast transient Na+ current ( INaT). Before complete cessation, burst cycle duration was increased substantially, while modest and inconsistent changes in burst duration were observed. The properties of the INaT were obtained and revealed that the amplitude and voltage dependence of the resulting “window current” were not consistent with those of the observed INaP recorded in the same neurons. This suggests an additional mechanism for the origin of INaP. A neuronal model was constructed using Hodgkin-Huxley parameters obtained experimentally for Na+ and K+ currents that simulated the experimentally observed membrane resonance, subthreshold oscillations, bursting, and PIR. Alterations in the model gNaP parameters indicate that INaP is critical for control of subthreshold and suprathreshold Mes V neuron membrane excitability and burst generation.

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Chao, T. I., and C. Alzheimer. "Do neurons from rat neostriatum express both a TTX-sensitive and a TTX-insensitive slow Na+ current?" Journal of Neurophysiology 74, no. 3 (September 1, 1995): 934–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.3.934.

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1. The properties of a tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive, persistent Na+ current and a purported TTX-insensitive slow Na+ current were studied in acutely isolated neurons from rat neostriatum with the use of the whole cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. 2. A TTX-sensitive, persistent Na+ current (INaP) was activated positive to -60 mV and reached a peak amplitude of -40 to -120 pA at about -40 mV. As indicated by slow depolarizing voltage ramps, activation of INaP did not require preceding activation of the fast, rapidly inactivating Na+ current. 3. The current-voltage (I-V) relationship of INaP displayed an unexpected inflection after passing through its peak value near -40 mV. Between -40 and -10 mV, INaP declined more rapidly with depolarization than it did at more depolarized potentials. The corresponding conductance (GNaP) peaked at -40 mV and declined to a smaller limiting value at potentials positive to about -10 mV. 4. This behavior is not consistent with the notion that INaP arises solely from a bell-shaped window conductance that results from the overlapping steady-state activation and inactivation curves of the fast Na+ current in a narrow voltage range, nor with the notion that INaP is generated by a single uniform conductance independent of the fast Na+ current. 5. In addition to INaP, a second slow inward current (IS) was evoked when small monovalent cations were omitted from the internal solution. INaP and IS were present both in cells resembling medium spiny neurons and in cells resembling aspiny interneurons. 6. IS was insensitive to TTX (1.2 microM) and the Ca2+ channel blocker, cadmium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Klink, R., and A. Alonso. "Ionic mechanisms for the subthreshold oscillations and differential electroresponsiveness of medial entorhinal cortex layer II neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 70, no. 1 (July 1, 1993): 144–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1993.70.1.144.

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1. Layer II of the medial entorhinal cortex is composed of two electrophysiologically and morphologically distinct types of projection neurons: stellate cells (SCs), which are distinguished by rhythmic subthreshold oscillatory activity, and non-SCs. The ionic mechanisms underlying their differential electroresponsiveness, particularly in the subthreshold range of membrane potentials, were investigated in an "in vitro" slice preparation. 2. In both SCs and non-SCs, the apparent membrane input resistance was markedly voltage dependent, respectively decreasing or increasing at hyperpolarized or subthreshold depolarized potential levels. Thus the neurons displayed inward rectification in the hyperpolarizing and depolarizing range. 3. In the depolarizing range, inward rectification was blocked by tetrodotoxin (TTX, 1 microM) in both types of neurons and thus shown to depend on the presence of a persistent low-threshold Na+ conductance (gNap). However, in the presence of TTX, pronounced outward rectification became manifest in the subthreshold depolarizing range of membrane potentials (positive to -60 mV) in the SCs but not in the non-SCs. 4. The rhythmic subthreshold membrane potential oscillations that were present only in the SCs were abolished by TTX and not by Ca2+ conductance block with Cd2+ or Co2+. Subthreshold oscillations thus rely on the activation of voltage-gated Na+, and not Ca2+, conductances. The Ca2+ conductance block also had no effect on the subthreshold outward rectification. 5. Prominent time-dependent inward rectification in the hyperpolarizing range in the SCs persisted after Na(+)- and Ca2+ conductance block. This rectification was not affected by Ba2+ (1 mM), but was blocked by Cs+ (1-4 mM). Therefore, it is most probably generated by a hyperpolarization-activated cationic current (Q-like current). However, the Q-like current appears to play no major role in the generation of subthreshold rhythmic membrane potential oscillations, because these persisted in the presence of Cs+. 6. On the other hand, in the SCs, the fast, sustained, outward rectification that strongly developed (after Na+ conductance block) at the oscillatory voltage level was not affected by Cs+ but was blocked by Ba2+ (1 mM). Barium was also effective in blocking the subthreshold membrane potential oscillations. 7. In the non-SCs, which do not generate subthreshold rhythmic membrane potential oscillations or manifest subthreshold outward rectification in TTX, Ca2+ conductance block abolished spike repolarization and caused the development of long-lasting Na(+)-dependent plateau potentials at a high suprathreshold voltage level. At this level, where prominent delayed rectification is present, the Na+ plateaus sustained rhythmic membrane potential oscillations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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Art Group, „DUPPINI.“ "The Global Nomadic Art Project (Gnap) In Bulgaria." Visual Studies 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.54664/elzz9145.

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The article presents the Bulgarian Duppini Art Group as a founding member of the Global Nomadic Art Project 2014–2020 of the Korean group for nature art YATOO. It especially focuses on the Rural Stages. Southeastern Europe 2017 – Project, which was hosted by Duppini Art Group in Gabrovtsi from 1 to 10 July 2017. Besides the narrative descriptions it also provides links to one short video and four catalogues available on the Internet.

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van den Brandt, Piet A. "The impact of a healthy lifestyle on the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer subtypes." European Journal of Epidemiology, August 19, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-022-00899-w.

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AbstractFew prospective studies have been conducted on a combined healthy lifestyle and risk of esophageal and gastric cancer, and even less on subtypes: esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA), and gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA). The relationship of a healthy lifestyle score (HLS) with risk of these cancers was investigated in the Netherlands Cohort Study. In 1986, 120,852 men and women aged 55–69 years provided information on dietary and lifestyle habits. The HLS was derived from information on smoking, body mass index, physical activity, Mediterranean diet adherence, and alcohol intake. After 20.3 years of follow-up, multivariable case-cohort analyses were based on 333 incident esophageal and 777 gastric cancer cases, and 3720 subcohort members with complete data on lifestyles and confounders. The impact of changing to healthy lifestyles was estimated with the rate advancement period (RAP). The HLS was significantly inversely associated with risk of esophageal and gastric cancer, and subtypes (except EAC), in a linear fashion. The observed HR decrease per 1-point increase in HLS was 31% for esophageal, and 19% for gastric cancer, 49% for ESCC, 23% for GCA, and 18% for GNCA. The RAP per 1-point increase in HLS ranged from − 11.75 years for ESCC to − 2.85 years for GNCA. Also after excluding smoking, inverse associations between the HLS and esophageal and gastric cancer risk were still apparent. These results suggest that adhering to a combination of healthy modifiable lifestyle factors may substantially reduce the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer.

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Son, Ho-Jin, Won-Sik Han, Ji-Yun Chun, Kyung Ryang Wee, Dae Hyun Kim, Kuk-Wha Lee, Ha Jin Jung, Chongmok Lee, Jaejung Ko, and Sang Ook Kang. "Electrochemical Depositon of End-Capped Triarylamine and CBP Dendrimers: Alternate Technique for the Fabrication of Organic Light-Emitting Devices." MRS Proceedings 965 (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-0965-s03-19.

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ABSTRACTCarbosilane dendrimers adorned with either triarylamine or carbazole units in their periphery exhibit novel electrochemical behavior in which the electrochemical deposition is controlled by dendrite generation. In addition, the deposited layers remained intact in the depositing solvent, methylene chloride, allowing a second layer to be deposited on top of the first layer. We have sought to establish the suitability of this electrochemical deposition technique for use in the construction of multi-layer OLEDs, which cannot be fabricated via conventional spin-coating with a polymeric precursor. Thus, the electrochemical deposition-based process could potentially offer an ideal combination of deposition control on the one hand and multi-layer fabrication on the other. We report herein the novel electrochemical deposition behavior of arylamine or carbazole end-capped carbosilane dendrimers of the type GnNPB or GnCBP (n = 1-4) and their use for the formation of multi-layer devices for OLEDs.

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Alizadeh, Milad, and Yadollah Bayat. "Influence of functional groups in chemical reactivity and optoelectronic properties of novel glycidyl nitrate copolymers (GNCOP): a DFT study." Journal of Molecular Modeling 29, no. 3 (March 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00894-023-05480-0.

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Du, Xuan, Khemayanto Hidayat, and Bi-Min Shi. "Abdominal obesity and gastroesophageal cancer risk: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies." Bioscience Reports 37, no. 3 (May 11, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bsr20160474.

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To systematically and quantitatively review the relation of abdominal obesity, as measured by waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR), to total gastroesophageal cancer, gastric cancer (GC), and esophageal cancer. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for studies assessing the association between abdominal obesity and gastroesophageal cancer (GC and/or esophageal cancer) up to August 2016. A random-effect model was used to calculate the summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Seven prospective cohort studies – one publication included two separate cohorts – from six publications were included in the final analysis. A total of 2130 gastroesophageal cancer cases diagnosed amongst 913182 participants. Higher WC and WHR were significantly associated with increased risk of total gastroesophageal cancer (WC: RR 1.68, 95% CI: 1.38, 2.04; WHR: RR 1.49, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.88), GC (WC: RR 1.48, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.78; WHR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.70), and esophageal cancer (WC: RR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.30, 3.24; WHR: RR 1.99, 95% CI: 1.05, 3.75).Findings from our subgroup analyses showed non-significant positive associations between gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA) and both measures of abdominal adiposity, while gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) was positively associated with WC but not with WHR. On analysis restricted to studies that adjusted for body mass index (BMI), WC was positively associated with GC and esophageal cancer, whereas WHR was positively associated with risk of GC only. Although limited, the findings from our meta-analysis suggest the potential role of abdominal obesity in the etiology of gastric and esophageal cancers.

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Journal articles on the topic 'GNCAP'

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