Relevant bibliographies by topics / Glyphosate

Academic literature on the topic 'Glyphosate'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Glyphosate"

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Ye, Ziwei, Felicia Wu, and David A. Hennessy. "Environmental and economic concerns surrounding restrictions on glyphosate use in corn." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 18 (April 26, 2021): e2017470118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017470118.

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Since the commercialization of transgenic glyphosate-tolerant (GT) crops in the mid-1990s, glyphosate has become the dominant herbicide to control weeds in corn, soybean, and other crops in the United States and elsewhere. However, recent public concerns over its potential carcinogenicity in humans have generated calls for glyphosate-restricting policies. Should a policy to restrict glyphosate use, such as a glyphosate tax, be implemented? The decision involves two types of tradeoffs: human health and environmental (HH-E) impacts versus market economic impacts, and the use of glyphosate versus alternative herbicides, where the alternatives potentially have more serious adverse HH-E effects. Accounting for farmers’ weed management choices, we provide empirical evaluation of the HH-E welfare and market economic welfare effects of a glyphosate use restriction policy on US corn production. Under a glyphosate tax, farmers would substitute glyphosate for a combination of other herbicides. Should a 10% glyphosate tax be imposed, then the most conservative welfare estimate is a net HH-E welfare gain with a monetized value of US$6 million per annum but also a net market economic loss of US$98 million per annum in the United States, which translates into a net loss in social welfare. This result of overall welfare loss is robust to a wide range of tax rates considered, from 10 to 50%, and to multiple scenarios of glyphosate’s HH-E effects, which are the primary sources of uncertainties about glyphosate’s effects.
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Pline-Srnic, Wendy. "Physiological Mechanisms of Glyphosate Resistance." Weed Technology 20, no. 2 (June 2006): 290–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-04-131r.1.

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Glyphosate, a nonselective herbicide and also the world's most widely used herbicide, inhibits 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), an enzyme in the aromatic amino acid biosynthetic pathway. Because of its broad-spectrum and potent weed control and favorable environmental characteristics, attempts to engineer glyphosate resistance have been intensive in the past few decades. The use of at least three different mechanisms has conferred glyphosate resistance in normally sensitive crop species. Early work focused on progressive adaptation of cultured plant cells to stepwise increases in glyphosate concentrations. The resulting cells were resistant to glyphosate because of EPSPS overexpression, EPSPS gene amplification, or increased enzyme stability. Further work aimed to achieve resistance by transforming plants with glyphosate metabolism genes. An enzyme from a soil microorganism, glyphosate oxidoreductase (GOX), cleaves the nitrogen– carbon bond in glyphosate yielding aminomethylphosphonic acid. Another metabolism gene, glyphosateN-acetyl transferase (gat), acetylates and deactivates glyphosate. A third mechanism, and the one found in all currently commercial glyphosate-resistant crops, is the insertion of a glyphosate-resistant form of the EPSPS enzyme. Several researchers have used site-directed mutagenesis or amino acid substitutions of EPSPS. However, the most glyphosate-resistant EPSPS enzyme to date has been isolated fromAgrobacteriumspp. strain CP4 and gives high levels of resistance in planta. Weeds resistant to glyphosate have offered further physiological mechanisms for glyphosate resistance. Resistant field bindweed had higher levels of 3-deoxy-d-arbino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase, the first enzyme in the shikimate pathway, suggesting that increased carbon flow through the shikimate pathway can provide glyphosate resistance. Resistant goosegrass has reduced translocation of glyphosate out of the treated area. Although glyphosate resistance has been achieved by numerous mechanisms, currently the only independent physiological mechanism to give adequate and stable resistance to glyphosate for commercialization of glyphosate-resistant crops has been glyphosate-resistant forms of EPSPS.
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Alvarez-Moya, Carlos, and Mónica Reynoso-Silva. "Assessment of Genetic Damage Induced via Glyphosate and Three Commercial Formulations with Adjuvants in Human Blood Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 5 (February 25, 2023): 4560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054560.

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There is considerable controversy regarding the genotoxicity of glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine). It has been suggested that the genotoxicity of this herbicide is increased by the adjuvants added to commercial formulations based on glyphosate. The effect of various concentrations of glyphosate and three commercial glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) on human lymphocytes was evaluated. Human blood cells were exposed to glyphosates of 0.1, 1, 10 and 50 mM as well as to equivalent concentrations of glyphosate on commercial formulations. Genetic damage (p < 0.05) was observed in all concentrations with glyphosate and with FAENA and TACKLE formulations. These two commercial formulations showed genotoxicity that was concentration-dependent but in a higher proportion compared to pure glyphosate only. Higher glyphosate concentrations increased the frequency and range of tail lengths of some migration groups, and the same was observed for FAENA and TACKLE, while in CENTELLA the migration range decreased but the frequency of migration groups increased. We show that pure glyphosate and commercial GBH (FAENA, TACKLE and CENTELLA) gave signals of genotoxicity in human blood samples in the comet assay. The genotoxicity increased in the formulations, indicating genotoxic activity also in the added adjuvants present in these products. The use of the MG parameter allowed us to detect a certain type of genetic damage associated with different formulations.
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Soares, Diogo, Liliana Silva, Sofia Duarte, Angelina Pena, and André Pereira. "Glyphosate Use, Toxicity and Occurrence in Food." Foods 10, no. 11 (November 12, 2021): 2785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10112785.

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Glyphosate is a systemic, broad-spectrum and post-emergent herbicide. The use of glyphosate has grown in the last decades, and it is currently the most used herbicide worldwide. The rise of glyphosate consumption over the years also brought an increased concern about its possible toxicity and consequences for human health. However, a scientific community consensus does not exist at the present time, and glyphosate’s safety and health consequences are controversial. Since glyphosate is mainly applied in fields and can persist several months in the soil, concerns have been raised about the impact that its presence in food can cause in humans. Therefore, this work aims to review the glyphosate use, toxicity and occurrence in diverse food samples, which, in certain cases, occurs at violative levels. The incidence of glyphosate at levels above those legally allowed and the suspected toxic effects of this compound raise awareness regarding public health.
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Bewick, Thomas A., Larry K. Binning, and Nelson E. Balke. "Absorption and Translocation of Glyphosate by Carrot Infected by Swamp Dodder." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116, no. 6 (November 1991): 1035–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.116.6.1035.

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Absorption of “C-labeled glyphosate by whole carrot (Daucus carota L.) plants infected or not infected by swamp dodder (Cuscuta gronovii Willd ex R & S) increased from 14% 1 day after treatment to 56% 14 days after treatment. Absorption of 14C-labeled glyphosate did not increase from 14 to 45 days after treatment. 14Carbon-labeled glyphosate appeared in the carrot root 1 day after application and its concentration increased with time in both infected and noninfected plants until 14 days after treatment. From 14 to 45 days after treatment, the concentration of 14C-labeled glyphosate in the roots decreased. At 1 day after treatment, dodder tissue contained as much 14C-labeled glyphosate as any physiological sink in the carrot. At 45 days after treatment, dodder tissue contained more 14C-labeled glyphosate than all other physiological sinks, except the petiole of the treated leaf. Swamp dodder stems had absorbed 14C-labeled glyphosate directly from a solution within 1 day after treatment. Chemical name used: N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine (glyphosphate).
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Valle, Anderson L., Anielle C. A. Silva, Noelio O. Dantas, Robinson Sabino-Silva, Francielli C. C. Melo, Cleumar S. Moreira, Guedmiller S. Oliveira, Luciano P. Rodrigues, and Luiz R. Goulart. "Application of ZnO Nanocrystals as a Surface-Enhancer FTIR for Glyphosate Detection." Nanomaterials 11, no. 2 (February 17, 2021): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11020509.

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Glyphosate detection and quantification is still a challenge. After an extensive review of the literature, we observed that Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) had practically not yet been used for detection or quantification. The interaction between zinc oxide (ZnO), silver oxide (Ag2O), and Ag-doped ZnO nanocrystals (NCs), as well as that between nanocomposite (Ag-doped ZnO/AgO) and glyphosate was analyzed with FTIR to determine whether nanomaterials could be used as signal enhancers for glyphosates. The results were further supported with the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging. The glyphosate commercial solutions were intensified 10,000 times when incorporated the ZnO NCs. However, strong chemical interactions between Ag and glyphosate may suppress signaling, making FTIR identification difficult. In short, we have shown for the first time that ZnO NCs are exciting tools with the potential to be used as signal amplifiers of glyphosate, the use of which may be explored in terms of the detection of other molecules based on nanocrystal affinity.
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Cerda, José Juan. "Combate químico de malezas en manzano (Pyrus malus L.): coadyuvantes." Agronomía Mesoamericana 10, no. 1 (June 3, 2015): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/am.v10i1.17992.

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This study was carried out in order to determine the efficiency of paraquat and glyphosate herbicides mixed with four coadjutants for post-emergent weed control, as compared to mechanical control, as well as their economic feasibility. The study took place in Sierra de Arteaga, Coahuila, México. Information was collected 3, 13, 17, 31, and 83 days after application. A randomized block design with four repetitions was used. Glyphosato combined with adherent controlled 80% of weeds 83 days after application; glyphosate combined with moisturizer, and glyphosate combined with humic acid yielded 78.6 and 77.1% control respectively. Parquat mixed with humic acid controlled 88.4% 31 days after application and parquat mixed with adherent showed 75.1% control after 31 days. Overall, glyphosato combined with coadjutants showed better weed control 83 days after application. The cost of such treatment was $346.3 (Mexican currency), while the cost for the mechanical method was $810.00 (Mexican currency). The chemical method proved to be the most cost-efficient.
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Samsel, Anthony, and Stephanie Seneff. "Glyphosate, pathways to modern diseases II: Celiac sprue and gluten intolerance." Interdisciplinary Toxicology 6, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 159–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/intox-2013-0026.

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ABSTRACT Celiac disease, and, more generally, gluten intolerance, is a growing problem worldwide, but especially in North America and Europe, where an estimated 5% of the population now suffers from it. Symptoms include nausea, diarrhea, skin rashes, macrocytic anemia and depression. It is a multifactorial disease associated with numerous nutritional deficiencies as well as reproductive issues and increased risk to thyroid disease, kidney failure and cancer. Here, we propose that glyphosate, the active ingredient in the herbicide, Roundup®, is the most important causal factor in this epidemic. Fish exposed to glyphosate develop digestive problems that are reminiscent of celiac disease. Celiac disease is associated with imbalances in gut bacteria that can be fully explained by the known effects of glyphosate on gut bacteria. Characteristics of celiac disease point to impairment in many cytochrome P450 enzymes, which are involved with detoxifying environmental toxins, activating vitamin D3, catabolizing vitamin A, and maintaining bile acid production and sulfate supplies to the gut. Glyphosate is known to inhibit cytochrome P450 enzymes. Deficiencies in iron, cobalt, molybdenum, copper and other rare metals associated with celiac disease can be attributed to glyphosate’s strong ability to chelate these elements. Deficiencies in tryptophan, tyrosine, methionine and selenomethionine associated with celiac disease match glyphosate’s known depletion of these amino acids. Celiac disease patients have an increased risk to non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, which has also been implicated in glyphosate exposure. Reproductive issues associated with celiac disease, such as infertility, miscarriages, and birth defects, can also be explained by glyphosate. Glyphosate residues in wheat and other crops are likely increasing recently due to the growing practice of crop desiccation just prior to the harvest. We argue that the practice of "ripening" sugar cane with glyphosate may explain the recent surge in kidney failure among agricultural workers in Central America. We conclude with a plea to governments to reconsider policies regarding the safety of glyphosate residues in foods
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Fattah, Yousif M., and Ali H. Omer. "Evaluation of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of Glyphosate on Allium cepa." Technium BioChemMed 2, no. 1 (May 8, 2021): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/biochemmed.v2i1.3332.

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Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide used mostly in crops. This study looked at the genotoxic and Glyphosate has a cytotoxic effect on Allium cepa. As toxicity markers, the Mitotic index, chromosomal aberrations, formations of Micronucleus, germination percentage, root duration, and seed weight were used. Allium cepa seeds were afflicted with distinct concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 ml/l) of Glyphosate for 24 h treatment periods. The results reveal that pesticide Glyphosateis capable to reduce root growth and causes chromosomal aberrations;consisting of an anaphase bridge, ring chromosome, binucleated cells, multipolarity, Fragment chromosome, vagrant chromosome, chromatid gaps, star anaphase. With increasing Glyphosate concentration, the mitotic index decreased rapidly. In conclusion, our findings indicate that used pesticidemay be toxic to living organism.
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Döring, Julia, David Rettke, Gerhard Rödel, Tilo Pompe, and Kai Ostermann. "Surface Functionalization by Hydrophobin-EPSPS Fusion Protein Allows for the Fast and Simple Detection of Glyphosate." Biosensors 9, no. 3 (August 29, 2019): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios9030104.

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Glyphosate, the most widely used pesticide worldwide, is under debate due to its potentially cancerogenic effects and harmful influence on biodiversity and environment. Therefore, the detection of glyphosate in water, food or environmental probes is of high interest. Currently detection of glyphosate usually requires specialized, costly instruments, is labor intensive and time consuming. Here we present a fast and simple method to detect glyphosate in the nanomolar range based on the surface immobilization of glyphosate’s target enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) via fusion to the hydrophobin Ccg2 and determination of enzyme activity with a malachite green assay, which is a common photometric technique to measure inorganic phosphate (Pi). The assay demonstrates a new approach for a fast and simple detection of pesticides.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Glyphosate"

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Umeda, K., and T. V. Hicks. "Timing of Glyphosate Application for Weed Control in Glyphosate Tolerant Lettuce." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214925.

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Studies were conducted to determine the optimum time to apply glyphosate to glyphosate-tolerant Lactuca sativa cv. Raider (head lettuce). The study was initiated near Yuma, Arizona in September 2000. Single applications of glyphosate at 1.0 lb AI/A were made to head lettuce at development stages of 2, 4, 6 and 8 leaves. Glyphosate treatments did not injure lettuce. A single application at the 2 or 4 leaf stage was optimal for near complete control of Portulaca oleracea (common purslane), Chenopodium murale (nettleleaf goosefoot), Malva parviflora (cheeseweed), and Leptochloa spp. (sprangletop). Later applications at the 6 or 8 leaf stages allowed weeds, especially, common purslane to compete with the crop. Treatments applied at the 2 or 4 leaf stages required the least amount of time to hand weed and resulted in highest fresh weight yields.
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De, Almeida Louise Kashiyavala Sophia. "The detection of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides in water, using nanotechnology." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019755.

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Glyphosate (N-phosphonomethylglycine) is an organophosphate compound which was developed by the Monsanto Company in 1971 and is the active ingredient found in several herbicide formulations. The use of glyphosate-based herbicides in South Africa for the control of alien invasive plants and weeds is well established, extensive and currently unregulated, which vastly increases the likelihood of glyphosate contamination in environmental water systems. Although the use of glyphosate-based herbicides is required for economic enhancement in industries such as agriculture, the presence of this compound in natural water systems presents a potential risk to human health. Glyphosate and glyphosate formulations were previously considered safe, however their toxicity has become a major focal point of research over recent years. The lack of monitoring protocols for pesticides in South Africa is primarily due to limited financial capacity and the lack of analytical techniques.
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Godar, Amar Singh. "Glyphosate resistance in kochia." Diss., Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16954.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Agronomy
Phillip W. Stahlman
Kochia [Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.] is a weed of great economic importance in the Great Plains and western United States and Canada. This weed is prone to evolving resistance to herbicides. Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide in glyphosate-resistant crops and chemical fallow, and is extremely valuable to crop production. Anecdotal reports of kochia control failure with glyphosate in western Kansas arose during the mid-2000’s. The objectives of this research were to (1) confirm and characterize glyphosate resistance in kochia and measure its impact in western Kansas, (2) gather information on grower weed management practices before and since glyphosate resistance in kochia was confirmed, and (3) determine if altered absorption and translocation of glyphosate contributes to glyphosate resistance in kochia. Dose-response studies on greenhouse and outdoor grown plants, and shikimate accumulation assays confirmed one kochia population collected in 2007 and eight populations collected in 2010 tolerated three- to eleven-times more glyphosate compared to a known glyphosate-susceptible (GS) population. Furthermore, 40 kochia populations collected in 2012 showed varied response, from slightly elevated tolerance to resistance to 0.84 kg ae ha-1 glyphosate. Further analysis suggested these populations were at different stages of resistance evolution. An online survey revealed that growers increased glyphosate use rate and application frequency, but decreased exclusive use of glyphosate and diversified weed management practices during post- compared to pre-glyphosate confirmation periods. Most survey respondents reported presence of glyphosate-resistant (GR) kochia in at least in few fields, and half reported GR kochia in a majority of fields. Thus, together with the resistance confirmation studies, it is estimated that at least one-third of western Kansas kochia populations have evolved resistance to glyphosate. Nominal differences in absorption and translocation of 14C-glyphosate observed between GS and GR kochia populations likely do not contribute to differential response of these populations to glyphosate. Glyphosate-resistant kochia has become widespread in western Kansas in a short period of time. Use of weed resistance best management practices (BMP) is imperative to sustain the utility of glyphosate in the region.
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VIALARD, PHILIPPE. "Intoxications par le glyphosate." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO1M239.

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Pline, Wendy. "Physiological and Morphological Basis for Reproductive Sensitivity to Glyphosate in Glyphosate-Resistant Cotton." NCSU, 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-20020325-131845.

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Transgenic, glyphosate-resistant (GR) cotton has been available to U.S. growers since 1997. Despitewide-spread acceptance, there have been performance complaints by growers citing lower boll retention in GRvarieties than in conventional varieties. Field and greenhouse studies confirmed grower observations,demonstrating a glyphosate-associated decrease in boll retention compared to non-treated GR or conventionalplants. Late (beyond the 5 leaf stage) foliar applications were the most injurious, presumably because plantswere entering early reproductive stages. Boll ?cavitation,? (dessicated bolls attached to plants) also observed bygrowers following glyphosate treatment, resulted from abnormal abscission zone formation and was related tovariety.

14C-glyphosate absorption per square centimeter was greater when applied to stem tissue than leaf tissue, but overallabsorption is likely greater when applied foliarly, due to a greater total surface area. Because glyphosatetypically moves from source tissue to sink tissue, up to 3.7% of applied 14C-glyphosate was translocated toreproductive tissues.

Seedling development in both GR and conventional cotton was inhibited by root-absorbed glyphosate.Root tissues were more sensitive to glyphosate than cotyledons or hypocotyls, as was demonstrated byinhibition of lateral root formation and shikimic acid accumulation. CP4-EPSPS content was significantly lowerin GR seedling roots than cotyledons, accounting for glyphosate sensitivity.

Further studies compared the accumulation of shikimic acid in response to glyphosate in reproductiveand vegetative tissues in GR and conventional cotton. Shikimic acid accumulation per mM of glyphosate, wasgreater in reproductive than vegetative leaf tissue in both GR and conventional cotton, suggesting thatreproductive tissue is innately more sensitive to glyphosate than vegetative tissue. The quantity of theglyphosate-resistant CP4-EPSPS enzyme was significantly less in stamens than in vegetative leaf tissues.Several morphological differences were apparent in flowers of glyphosate-treated GR cotton.

Glyphosate applications inhibited stamen elongation, resulting in anthers not extending to the tip of the stigma,thereby limiting pollen deposition to the lower, less receptive portion of the stigma. Total pollen deposition on the stigma was less in glyphosate-treated GR cotton than non-treated GR or conventional cotton. Microscopicanalysis of pollen revealed that glyphosate arrested maturation in at least 3 pollen developmental stages. Atanthesis, pollen grains from glyphosate-treated GR plants were collapsed, highly vacuolated, and had 60% lowerviability (ability to germinate) than pollen from non-treated GR or conventional plants. Retained bolls fromglyphosate-treated plants had fewer seeds than those from non-treated GR or conventional plants. Hand crossesbetween glyphosate-treated plants demonstrated that the number of seeds per boll was decreased when the maleparent, but not the female parent, was glyphosate treated. Hand pollinations using pollen from treated plants,although overcoming the increased anther-stigma distance, did not restore the normal number of seeds per boll.Treatment of GA onto glyphosate-treated GR plants did not remediate glyphosate effects on pollen viability andfloral morphology. Therefore, presumably, several of the bolls that were shed due to glyphosate-treatments,contained an insufficient number of fertilized ovules and are thus shed.

This research proposes that boll shed due to glyphosate in GR cotton is due to insufficient levels ofCP4-EPSPS in stamens, which are highly sensitive to glyphosate. As glyphosate accumulates in reproductivestructures, stamen elongation and pollen development are inhibited, resulting in poor fertilization of ovules.Because fewer ovules are fertilized, bolls are either shed or contain fewer seeds if retained. Growers shouldlimit glyphosate contact with GR cotton, especially during the reproductive stages in order to minimize thepotential for glyphosate-induced boll shed.

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Jonsson, Caroline. "Modeling of glyphosate and metal-glyphosate speciation in solution and at solution-mineral interfaces." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Chemistry, Umeå Univ, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1074.

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Umeda, Kai, V. Hicks, and S. King. "Timing of Glyphosate Application for Weed Control in Glyphosate-tolerant Lettuce: 2nd Year Study." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214939.

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A field study was conducted in Yuma, Arizona during the late fall 2001 growing season to determine the optimum postemergence (POST) timing of glyphosate application on glyphosate- tolerant Lactuca sativa (head lettuce) for weed control. Head lettuce cv. Raider demonstrated excellent tolerance and no injury was observed on the crop after any glyphosate application at the 2, 4, 6, or 8 leaf stage of growth. A single application of glyphosate at 1.0 lb AI/A at the 4 or 6 leaf stage of lettuce growth was optimal for providing near complete control of Portulaca oleracea (common purslane), Chenopodium album (common lambsquarters), C. murale (nettleleaf goosefoot), Physalis wrightii (Wright’s groundcherry), volunteer cantaloupe (Cucumis melo), and Echinochloa colonum (junglerice). An early application at the 2 leaf stage resulted in few new weeds emerging after the application. A later application at the 8 leaf stage resulted in reduced yields of lettuce fresh weight due to weed competition. POST applications of glyphosate on lettuce offered superior weed control compared to soil-applied preemergence (PREE) herbicide treatments.
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Pöppe, Judith [Verfasser]. "Impact of glyphosate and glyphosate containing herbicides on Salmonella enterica from farm animals / Judith Pöppe." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1241540853/34.

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Kohrt, Jonathon. "Expression of Glyphosate Resistance in Two Amaranthus Species as Influenced by Application Variables of Glyphosate." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1119.

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The expression of glyphosate resistance can vary within single field populations of common waterhemp and Palmer amaranth. This variability in expression can translate into control ranging from 20 to 80%, which could be the difference in a minor versus a major failure in weed management. Certain application parameters that have been previously associated with glyphosate efficacy, such as glyphosate application time of day and plant stress may exacerbate this variability and lead to failed control of plants on the lower end of the resistance spectrum. Greenhouse research was conducted in 2011 to determine the influence of glyphosate application time of day on the expression of resistance in common waterhemp and Palmer amaranth. Control of both glyphosate-susceptible (GS) and -resistant (GR) weed species showed similar trends in response to glyphosate with respect time of application. Decreased sensitivity of all Amaranthus biotypes was greatest at 9:00 pm and may be attributed to an observed shift in leaf orientation from horizontal to vertical at the time of glyphosate application in response to low-light conditions. The altered leaf orientation most likely reduced herbicide spray coverage. The magnitude of resistance, the difference in the sensitivity of the resistant versus susceptible biotypes, was unaffected by glyphosate application time of day; however, these results indicate that even in resistant populations glyphosate applied at suboptimal times of day such as the evening can cause a further increase in weed escapes from glyphosate. Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted in 2011 and 2012 to determine the influence the soil nutrient amendments on glyphosate sensitivity and growth rate and of GS and GR common waterhemp and Palmer amaranth. In both the GR and GS biotypes of common waterhemp the sensitivity to glyphosate was increased as fertilizer was introduced. However, only the sensitivity of the susceptible biotype of Palmer amaranth was increased with the addition of fertilizer. The lack of response in the GR Palmer amaranth population to fertilizer can be associated with the fact that due to carrier volume limitations enough glyphosate could not be applied to achieve 50% control. The magnitude of resistance was decreased numerically with the addition of fertilizer in both weed species; however, only in common waterhemp was the magnitude of resistance significantly different with the use of high rates fertilizer. The use of fertilizer also had an influence on the growth rate and dormancy of axillary buds. Lateral branching (broken dormancy in axillary buds) was increased in both common waterhemp and Palmer amaranth with the addition of fertilizer. Converting dormant buds to active meristems favors glyphosate translocation and could be responsible for increased glyphosate efficacy. In the field, glyphosate efficacy in GR common waterhemp and Palmer amaranth was also increased with addition of fertilizer; however, this effect was variable. Optimizing the efficacy of glyphosate when applied to even mixed populations of GS and GR Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp can reduce surviving weeds that can produce seed and perpetuate the frequency of glyphosate resistance in the field. Furthermore, greater efficacy of glyphosate may translate into relatively less significant failures in glyphosate applications allowing for successful rescue herbicide treatments and minimal impact on crop yield compared with a complete glyphosate failure with dramatic implications on reduced crop yield and increased weed seed production.
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Dick, Rosemary Elaine. "Microbial degradation of the herbicide glyphosate." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336732.

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Books on the topic "Glyphosate"

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E, Grossbard, and Atkinson D, eds. The Herbicide glyphosate. London: Butterworths, 1985.

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Franz, John E. Glyphosate: A unique global herbicide. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1997.

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Renaud, Dostie, Québec (Province). Service des études environnementales., and Québec (Province). Service de la régénération forestière., eds. Evaluation du dépôt et de la dérive du glyphosate lors de pulvérisations aériennes en 1987. Québec: Gouvernement du Québec, Ministère de l'énergie et des ressources, Service des études environnementales, 1988.

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Nandula, Vijay K., ed. Glyphosate Resistance in Crops and Weeds. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470634394.

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Directorate, Canada Inland Waters. Canadian water quality guidelines for glyphosate. Ottawa: Inland Waters Directorate, Water Quality Branch, 1990.

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Legris, Jean. Bilan des contrôles environnementaux, suite à des pulvérisations de glyphosate en milieu forestier sur les terres publiques québécoises. [Québec]: Gouvernement du Québec, Ministère de l'énergie et des ressources, Direction de la conservation, 1989.

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Netzer, Daniel. Seasonal variation in hybrid poplar tolerance to glyphosate. St. Paul, Minn: North Central Forest Experiment Station, Forest Service--U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1992.

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Edward, Hansen, and North Central Forest Experiment Station (Saint Paul, Minn.), eds. Seasonal variation in hybrid poplar tolerance to glyphosate. St. Paul, Minn: North Central Forest Experiment Station, Forest Service--U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1992.

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Payne, N. Off-target deposit measurements and buffer zones required around water for various aerial applications of glyphosate. Sault Ste. Marie: Forest Pest Management Institute, 1987.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Pesticide Programs. Special Review and Reregistration Division, ed. Reregistration eligibility decision document: Glyphosate, list A, case 0178. Washington, D.C: US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Special Review and Reregsitration [sic] Division, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Glyphosate"

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Gimsing, Anne Louise, and Afonso Maria dos Santos. "Glyphosate." In Biogeochemistry of Chelating Agents, 263–77. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2005-0910.ch016.

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Patnaik, Pradyot. "Herbicides: Glyphosate." In Handbook of Environmental Analysis, 209–12. Third edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315151946-35.

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Bolwell, Dain. "Case study: Glyphosate." In Governing Technology in the Quest for Sustainability on Earth, 211–29. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429429651-9.

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Caffrey, J. M. "Glyphosate in fisheries management." In Management and Ecology of Freshwater Plants, 259–63. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5782-7_41.

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Levine, Michael D. "Case 28 Glyphosate Toxicity." In Case Studies in Medical Toxicology, 245–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56449-4_28.

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Stewart, C. Neal, Yanhui Peng, Laura G. Abercrombie, Matthew D. Halfhill, Murali R. Rao, Priya Ranjan, Jun Hu, et al. "Genomics of Glyphosate Resistance." In Glyphosate Resistance in Crops and Weeds, 149–64. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470634394.ch8.

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Penner, Donald, and Jan Michael. "Spray SolutionpHand Glyphosate Activity." In Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems, 30th Volume: Regulations and Innovation, 129–36. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp152720120010.

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Penner, Donald, Jan Michael, and Tim Boring. "Manganese Containing Water Conditioners for Use with Glyphosate in Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean." In Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems: 32ndVolume, Innovating Legacy Products for New Uses, 196–205. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp155820120056.

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Smith, Lowell R., and Jane L. Barclay. "Ion Exchange for Glyphosate Recovery." In Industrial Environmental Chemistry, 147–52. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2320-2_12.

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Valverde, Bernal E. "Glyphosate Resistance in Latin America." In Glyphosate Resistance in Crops and Weeds, 249–80. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470634394.ch14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Glyphosate"

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Kniss, Andrew R. "Volunteer glyphosate-resistant corn interference in glyphosate-resistant sugarbeet." In American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2009.15.

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Powell, Gary E., and Christy L. Sprague. "Volunteer glyphosate-resistant soybean management in glyphosate-resistant sugarbeet." In American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2011.89.

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Hartzler, Bob. "Glyphosate - A Review." In Proceedings of the 10th Annual Integrated Crop Management Conference. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/icm-180809-699.

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HOLDEN, PATRICK. "FARMING WITHOUT GLYPHOSATE." In International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies — 48th Session. World Scientific, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813148994_0036.

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Stachler, Jeff M., and John L. Luecke. "Effect of late-season glyphosate on glyphosate-resistant common ragweed." In American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2011.17.

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Klepo, Lejla, Jelena Ostojic, Olga Borota, Sabina Zero, and Dusan Culum. "ADSORPTIVE REMOVAL OF GLYPHOSATE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION ONTO PYROPHYLLITE." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/4.2/s18.02.

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Pyrophyllite was investigated in this study as a potential adsorbent for the removal of glyphosate, a common herbicide for the control of a wide variety of weeds. There are several publications in the literature that discuss how glyphosate interacts with clay minerals such as montmorillonite, kaolinite, and bentonite, but there is no information regarding the possibility of glyphosate removal from aqueous solution using pyrophyllite. In this study, the adsorption of glyphosate from water samples onto pyrophyllite, a mineral clay from the Parsovici, Konjic mine, was investigated. The ninhydrin reaction was used to spectrophotometrically quantify glyphosate. At 570 nm, the purple Ruhemman product's absorbance was determined. Adsorption capacity (qe), removal efficiency (R), and the partition coefficient are used to express the results (Kd). The outcomes demonstrated that distinct ionic species of glyphosate at different pHs cause the adsorption of glyphosate on pyrophyllite to be pH-dependent. The findings demonstrated that during different contact times, the basic medium can remove up to 75% of glyphosate. According to results from fitting isotherm models, the Freundlich model is slightly better fitted. According to the results of kinetic investigations, the pseudo-2nd order model is more suitable for this kind of adsorption.
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Wilson, Robert G., Gustavo M. Sbatella, and Andrew R. Kniss. "Volunteer glyphosate-resistant corn control and interference in glyphosate-resistant sugarbeet." In American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2011.11.

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Lee, Matthew A., Yanbo Huang, Vijay K. Nandula, and Krishna N. Reddy. "Differentiating glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-sensitive Italian ryegrass using hyperspectral imagery." In SPIE Sensing Technology + Applications, edited by Moon S. Kim and Kuanglin Chao. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2053072.

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Popović, Tatjana, Armin Kalač, Zoran Jovović, Danijela Raičević, and Radmila Pajović-Šćepanović. "INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT VINEYARD WEED CONTROL METHODS ON AGROBIOLOGICAL, ECONOMICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VRANAC VARIETY." In 2nd International Symposium on Biotechnology. Faculty of Agronomy in Čačak, University of Kragujevac, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt29.22tp.

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The study of the impact of different methods of weed control on the agrobiological, economical and agrotechnological characteristics of the Vranac variety was carried out in the Podgorica vineyard in 2015. Six different variants of weed control were applied: control, mechanical weed control, glyphosate (one treatment), glyphosate (two treatments), flazasulfuron and flazasulfuron +glyphosate. The yield of grapes during the research period ranged from 2.9 kg/vine in control to 3.9 kg/vine in the variant with combined use of flazasulfuron and glyphosate. The lowest average cluster weight was measured in the control – 169 g, while the highest was measured in the variant with the application of flazasulfuron + glyphosate – 206 g. The lowest sugar content was found in the control variant – 23.8%, and the highest in the variant with mechanical weed control – 25.8%. Varieties with one and two treatments with glyphosate had the most acids in the must – 6.43 gl-1, and the variant with mechanical weed control had the lowest acid content in must – 5.57 gl-1.
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MYERS, PETERSON. "EMERGING RISK OF GLYPHOSATE." In International Seminar on Nuclear War and Planetary Emergencies — 48th Session. World Scientific, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813148994_0033.

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Reports on the topic "Glyphosate"

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Shafer, Adam. Manganese and glyphosate effects on yield of glyphosate resistant soybean. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-984.

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Fawcett, Jim, and Greg Brenneman. Management of Glyphosate-resistant Waterhemp. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1900.

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Licht, Mark A., and Kent R. Berns. Glyphosate, Manganese, and Zinc Soybean Trial. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1890.

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Licht, Mark A., Zachary A. Koopman, and Kent R. Berns. Glyphosate, Manganese, and Zinc Soybean Trial. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2407.

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Mudge, Christopher R., and Kurt D. Getsinger. Comparison of Generic and Proprietary Aquatic Herbicides for Control of Invasive Vegetation : Part 2. Emergent Plants. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39679.

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Aquatic herbicides are one of the most effective and widespread ways to manage nuisance vegetation in the US After the active ingredient is selected, often there are numerous proprietary and generic branded products to select from. To date, limited efforts have been made to compare the efficacy of brand name and generic herbicides head to head; therefore, at tot al of 20 mesocosm trials were conducted to evaluate various 2,4 -D, glyphosate, imazapyr, and triclopyr products against alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.), southern cattail (hereafter referred to as cattail, Typha domingensis Pers.), and creeping water primrose (hereafter referred as primrose, Ludwigia peploides (Kunth) P.H. Raven). All active ingredients were applied to foliage at broadcast rates commonly used in applications to public waters. Proprietary and generic 2,4 -D, glyphosate, imazapyr, and triclopyr were efficacious and provided 39 to 99% control of alligatorweed, cattail and primrose in 19 of the 20 trials. There were no significant differences i n product performance except glyphosate vs. alligatorweed (trial 1, Rodeo vs. Roundup Custom) and glyphosate vs. cattail (trial 1, Rodeo vs. Glyphosate 5.4). These results demonstrate under small -scale conditions, the majority of the generic and proprietary herbicides provided similar control of emergent vegetation, regardless of active ingredient
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Haywood, James D., and Thomas W. Melder. Effectiveness of Glyphosate Mixed With Soil-Active Herbicides. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/so-rn-365.

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Perala, Donald A. Using glyphosate herbicide in converting aspen to conifers. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-rp-259.

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Netzer, Daniel, and Edward Hansen. Seasonal variation in hybrid poplar tolerance to glyphosate. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-rp-311.

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Hartzler, Robert G., Brent A. Pringnitz, and Dawn Resfell. Comparison of Different Glyphosate Brands in Roundup Ready® Soybeans. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-220.

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You, Zongbing. Glyphosate Vedotin for Treatment of Bone Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada621387.

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