Relevant bibliographies by topics / Glycoprotein; Marfan syndrome

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Glycoprotein; Marfan syndrome'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Glycoprotein; Marfan syndrome"

1

Kielty, CM, and CA Shuttleworth. "Abnormal fibrillin assembly by dermal fibroblasts from two patients with Marfan syndrome." Journal of Cell Biology 124, no. 6 (March 15, 1994): 997–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.124.6.997.

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The microfibrillar glycoprotein fibrillin is linked to the Marfan syndrome, an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder. In this study, fibrillin synthesis, deposition and assembly has been investigated in Marfan dermal fibroblast lines from two unrelated patients for whom distinct mutations in the fibrillin gene FBN1 have been identified. In patient NB, a point mutation has occurred which causes an amino acid substitution and the other patient (GK) has a deletion in one allele. The two cell lines were broadly comparable with respect to de novo fibrillin synthesis and its distribution between medium and cell layer compartments. Electrophoresis of fibrillin immunoprecipitates confirmed the presence of fibrillin in medium and cell layers. GK cells secreted an additional higher relative molecular mass fibrillin-immunoreactive component. The time-course of fibrillin secretion was similar for the two lines, but differences in fibrillin aggregation were apparent. Rotary shadowing electron microscopy of extracted cell layers demonstrated the presence of abundant and extensive microfibrils in NB cell layers. These were abnormal in their gross morphology in comparison to microfibrils isolated from control cultures. No periodic microfibrillar structures were isolated from GK cell layers. These studies underline the need to classify fibrillin defects in terms of biochemical and ultrastructural criteria. Examination of the effects of individual mutations on microfibril organization will be particularly informative in elucidating the relationship between microfibril dysfunction and the complex clinical manifestations of Marfan patients.
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Keene, Douglas R., Magaret Fairhurst, Catherine C. Ridgway, and Lynn Y. Sakai. "Banded aggregates containing fibrillin are present in the cartilage matrix adjacent to chondrocytes in individuals affected with scoliosis." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 1 (August 1992): 892–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100124860.

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Matrix microfibrils are present in the connective tissue matrices of all tissues. Following standard TEM processing, they appear in cross section as cylindrical fibrils 8-10 nm in diameter, often associated with amorphous elastin. They are also seen in the absence of amorphous elastin, for example in the shallow papillary layer of skin, and also in cartilage matrix (Figure 1). Negative stain and rotary shadowing studies suggest that microfibrils are composed of laterally associated globular structures connected by fine filamentous strands (“ beaded strings”), and that they are extendable. Immunoelectron microscopy has demonstrated that fibrillin, a 350 Kd glycoprotein, is distributed along all microfibrils with a relaxed periodicity of about 54 nm The gene coding for fibrillin has recently been identified and is defective in the Marfan syndrome.
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Mariko, Boubacar, Zeinab Ghandour, Stéphanie Raveaud, Mickaël Quentin, Yves Usson, Jean Verdetti, Philippe Huber, Cay Kielty, and Gilles Faury. "Microfibrils and fibrillin-1 induce integrin-mediated signaling, proliferation and migration in human endothelial cells." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 299, no. 5 (November 2010): C977—C987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00377.2009.

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Microfibrils are macromolecular complexes associated with elastin to form elastic fibers that endow extensible tissues, such as arteries, lungs, and skin, with elasticity property. Fibrillin-1, the main component of microfibrils, is a 350-kDa glycoprotein for which genetic haploinsufficiency in humans can lead to Marfan syndrome, a severe polyfeatured pathology including aortic aneurysms and dissections. Microfibrils and fibrillin-1 fragments mediate adhesion of several cell types, including endothelial cells, while fibrillin-1 additionally triggers lung and mesangial cell migration. However, fibrillin-1-induced intracellular signaling is unknown. We have studied the signaling events induced in human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs) by aortic microfibrils as well as recombinant fibrillin-1 Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing fragments PF9 and PF14. Aortic microfibrils and PF14, not PF9, substantially and dose dependently increased HUVEC cytoplasmic and nuclear calcium levels measured using the fluorescent dye Fluo-3. This effect of PF14 was confirmed in bovine aortic endothelial cells. PF14 action in HUVECs was mediated by αvβ3 and α5β1 integrins, phospholipase-C, inosital 1,4,5-trisphosphate, and mobilization of intracellular calcium stores, whereas membrane calcium channels were not or only slightly implicated, as shown in patch-clamp experiments. Finally, PF14 enhanced endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Hence, fibrillin-1 sequences may physiologically activate endothelial cells. Genetic fibrillin-1 deficiency could alter normal endothelial signaling and, since endothelium dysfunction is an important contributor to Marfan syndrome, participate in the arterial anomalies associated with this developmental disease.
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Chen, Eleanor, Jon D. Larson, and Stephen C. Ekker. "Functional analysis of zebrafish microfibril-associated glycoprotein-1 (Magp1) in vivo reveals roles for microfibrils in vascular development and function." Blood 107, no. 11 (June 1, 2006): 4364–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-02-0789.

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AbstractMutations in fibrillin-1 (FBN1) result in Marfan syndrome, demonstrating a critical requirement for microfibrils in vessel structure and function. However, the identity and function of many microfibril-associated molecules essential for vascular development and function have yet to be characterized. In our morpholino-based screen for members of the secretome required for vascular development, we identified a key player in microfibril formation in zebrafish embryogenesis. Microfibril-associated glycoprotein-1 (MAGP1) is a conserved protein found in mammalian and zebrafish microfibrils. Expression of magp1 mRNA is detected in microfibril-producing cells. Analysis of a functional Magp1-mRFP fusion protein reveals localization along the midline and in the vasculature during embryogenesis. Underexpression and overexpression analyses demonstrate that specific Magp1 protein levels are critical for vascular development. Integrin function is compromised in magp1 morphant embryos, suggesting that reduced integrin–matrix interaction is the main mechanism for the vascular defects in magp1 morphants. We further show that Magp1 and fibrillin-1 interact in vivo. This study implicates MAGP1 as a key player in microfibril formation and integrity during development. The essential role for MAGP1 in vascular morphogenesis and function also supports a wide range of clinical applications, including therapeutic targets in vascular disease and cardiovascular tissue engineering.
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5

Kielty, C. M., T. Rantamaki, A. H. Child, C. A. Shuttleworth, and L. Peltonen. "Cysteine-to-arginine point mutation in a ‘hybrid’ eight-cysteine domain of FBN1: consequences for fibrillin aggregation and microfibril assembly." Journal of Cell Science 108, no. 3 (March 1, 1995): 1317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.108.3.1317.

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Mutations in the FBN1 gene encoding the microfibrillar glycoprotein fibrillin cause Marfan syndrome, a relatively common autosomal dominant connective tissue disease. Causative FBN1 mutations appear to be dispersed throughout the coding frame, and to date no predictable genotype: phenotype correlations have emerged. We have identified a point mutation within an eight-cysteine ‘hybrid’ motif of the fibrillin polypeptide which results in the substitution of an arginine for a cysteine, in a patient severely affected in the cardiovascular, skeletal and ocular systems. We have utilised cell cultures from various tissues of this patient to investigate the effects of this mutation on fibrillin expression and deposition, and the consequences in terms of microfibril assembly and organisation. We have established that there is no difference in the expression of normal and mutant alleles, and fibrillin synthesis, secretion and deposition are also normal. However, the rate of fibrillin aggregation is reduced and microfibrillar assemblies are both remarkably scarce and morphologically abnormal. These data clearly demonstrate that the mutated allele interferes with normal assembly, and strongly implicate this particular region of the fibrillin-1 molecule in stabilising microfibrillar assemblies.
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6

Oller, Jorge, Enrique Gabandé-Rodríguez, María Jesús Ruiz-Rodríguez, Gabriela Desdín-Micó, Juan Francisco Aranda, Raquel Rodrigues-Diez, Constanza Ballesteros-Martínez, et al. "Extracellular Tuning of Mitochondrial Respiration Leads to Aortic Aneurysm." Circulation 143, no. 21 (May 25, 2021): 2091–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.120.051171.

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Background: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant disorder of the connective tissue caused by mutations in the FBN1 (fibrillin-1) gene encoding a large glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix called fibrillin-1. The major complication of this connective disorder is the risk to develop thoracic aortic aneurysm. To date, no effective pharmacologic therapies have been identified for the management of thoracic aortic disease and the only options capable of preventing aneurysm rupture are endovascular repair or open surgery. Here, we have studied the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the progression of thoracic aortic aneurysm and mitochondrial boosting strategies as a potential treatment to managing aortic aneurysms. Methods: Combining transcriptomics and metabolic analysis of aortas from an MFS mouse model ( Fbn1 c1039g/+ ) and MFS patients, we have identified mitochondrial dysfunction alongside with mtDNA depletion as a new hallmark of aortic aneurysm disease in MFS. To demonstrate the importance of mitochondrial decline in the development of aneurysms, we generated a conditional mouse model with mitochondrial dysfunction specifically in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) by conditional depleting Tfam (mitochondrial transcription factor A; Myh11-Cre ERT2 Tfam flox/flox mice). We used a mouse model of MFS to test for drugs that can revert aortic disease by enhancing Tfam levels and mitochondrial respiration. Results: The main canonical pathways highlighted in the transcriptomic analysis in aortas from Fbn1 c1039g/+ mice were those related to metabolic function, such as mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial complexes, whose transcription depends on Tfam and mitochondrial DNA content, were reduced in aortas from young Fbn1 c1039g/+ mice. In vitro experiments in Fbn1 -silenced VSMCs presented increased lactate production and decreased oxygen consumption. Similar results were found in MFS patients. VSMCs seeded in matrices produced by Fbn1-deficient VSMCs undergo mitochondrial dysfunction. Conditional Tfam-deficient VSMC mice lose their contractile capacity, showed aortic aneurysms, and died prematurely. Restoring mitochondrial metabolism with the NAD precursor nicotinamide riboside rapidly reverses aortic aneurysm in Fbn1 c1039g/+ mice. Conclusions: Mitochondrial function of VSMCs is controlled by the extracellular matrix and drives the development of aortic aneurysm in Marfan syndrome. Targeting vascular metabolism is a new available therapeutic strategy for managing aortic aneurysms associated with genetic disorders.
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Jensen, Sacha A., and Penny A. Handford. "New insights into the structure, assembly and biological roles of 10–12 nm connective tissue microfibrils from fibrillin-1 studies." Biochemical Journal 473, no. 7 (March 29, 2016): 827–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20151108.

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The 10–12 nm diameter microfibrils of the extracellular matrix (ECM) impart both structural and regulatory properties to load-bearing connective tissues. The main protein component is the calcium-dependent glycoprotein fibrillin, which assembles into microfibrils at the cell surface in a highly regulated process involving specific proteolysis, multimerization and glycosaminoglycan interactions. In higher metazoans, microfibrils act as a framework for elastin deposition and modification, resulting in the formation of elastic fibres, but they can also occur in elastin-free tissues where they perform structural roles. Fibrillin microfibrils are further engaged in a number of cell matrix interactions such as with integrins, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and the large latent complex of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ). Fibrillin-1 (FBN1) mutations are associated with a range of heritable connective disorders, including Marfan syndrome (MFS) and the acromelic dysplasias, suggesting that the roles of 10–12 nm diameter microfibrils are pleiotropic. In recent years the use of molecular, cellular and whole-organism studies has revealed that the microfibril is not just a structural component of the ECM, but through its network of cell and matrix interactions it can exert profound regulatory effects on cell function. In this review we assess what is known about the molecular properties of fibrillin that enable it to assemble into the 10–12 nm diameter microfibril and perform such diverse roles.
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8

Nannsen, Ines. "Marfan Syndrome: Using genetic maps to lead the way to new diagnostics and treatments." Inquiry@Queen's Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings, April 15, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/iqurcp.14036.

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Marfan Syndrome is a heritable disorder of connective tissue caused by a mutated extracellular matrix glycoprotein protein, affecting 1 in 5,000 people worldwide. This protein is responsible for support and elasticity meaning that people affected by this disorder manifest with weakened tendons, ligaments and other connective tissues. Patients exhibit a wide variety of symptoms including, scoliosis, abnormally slender digits, vision problems and enlarged blood vessels. Marfan’s follows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance and has a penetrance of 100%, meaning that anyone inheriting the gene will be affected by the disease. This study focuses on the developments in the field of DNA mapping and how these advancements have improved the diagnostic tools and treatments for this disease. After exploring the methodology of DNA mapping, the LOD scores for Marfan Syndrome are discussed and compared in order to conclude which chromosome carried the mutation; it was found that chromosome 15 carries. Additionally, the results compare and contrast different genetic markers and identifies a link between markers D15529 and D15545. Although this technology is fairly recent and has thus not been studied as extensively as traditional methods, the information gathered in this research illustrates the methodology of DNA mapping and how; by understanding the gene expression and mutation at a biochemical level, diagnostics and treatments for patients can be tailored specifically to the disease and not just management of the symptoms.
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9

Haller, Stephen J., Adrian E. Roitberg, and Andrew T. Dudley. "Steered molecular dynamic simulations reveal Marfan syndrome mutations disrupt fibrillin-1 cbEGF domain mechanosensitive calcium binding." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1 (October 8, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73969-2.

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Abstract Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a highly variable genetic connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in the calcium binding extracellular matrix glycoprotein fibrillin-1. Patients with the most severe form of MFS (neonatal MFS; nMFS) tend to have mutations that cluster in an internal region of fibrillin-1 called the neonatal region. This region is predominantly composed of eight calcium-binding epidermal growth factor-like (cbEGF) domains, each of which binds one calcium ion and is stabilized by three highly conserved disulfide bonds. Crucially, calcium plays a fundamental role in stabilizing cbEGF domains. Perturbed calcium binding caused by cbEGF domain mutations is thus thought to be a central driver of MFS pathophysiology. Using steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulations, we demonstrate that cbEGF domain calcium binding decreases under mechanical stress (i.e. cbEGF domains are mechanosensitive). We further demonstrate the disulfide bonds in cbEGF domains uniquely orchestrate protein unfolding by showing that MFS disulfide bond mutations markedly disrupt normal mechanosensitive calcium binding dynamics. These results point to a potential mechanosensitive mechanism for fibrillin-1 in regulating extracellular transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) bioavailability and microfibril integrity. Such mechanosensitive “smart” features may represent novel mechanisms for mechanical hemostasis regulation in extracellular matrix that are pathologically activated in MFS.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Glycoprotein; Marfan syndrome"

1

Cardy, Caroline Maria. "The structure and function of calcium binding epidermal growth factor-like domains in human fibrillin-1." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360210.

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Book chapters on the topic "Glycoprotein; Marfan syndrome"

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Gibson, Mark A. "Microfibril-Associated Glycoprotein-1 (MAGP-1) and Other Non-Fibrillin Macromolecules Which May Possess a Functional Association with the 10 nm Microfibrils." In Marfan Syndrome: A Primer for Clinicians and Scientists, 161–77. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9013-6_14.

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