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Wasfi, I. A., F. A. Gadir, and O. M. Abdulla. "Les effets aigus de la dexaméthasone sur quelques paramètres sanguins et sur la biochimie sérologique du dromadaire." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 42, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): 479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.8738.
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Les effets de la dexaméthasone, administrée à différentes doses, sur quelques paramètres sanguins et sur la biochimie sérologique ont été étudiés chez le dromadaire. La dexaméthasone augmente la concentration de glucose dans le sérum, de même que les neutrophiles et la numération leucocytaire totale dans le sang. A l'inverse, les concentrations de potassium et de phosphore dans le sérum de la numération des lymphocytes dans le sang ont baissé sous l'effet du même traitement. Aucun changement n'a été constaté sur l'activité des CPK et des gamma-GT, sur les concentrations sérologiques de créatinine, de BUN, de bilirubine totale, de cholestérol et de sodium ni sur les valeurs de PCV, Hb, ESR, MCV et MCHC.
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Rostène, William. "La découverte de l’insuline 1921–1922 : un saut dans la recherche biomédicale." Biologie Aujourd’hui 216, no. 1-2 (2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2022006.
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Si les symptômes du diabète ont été décrits depuis l’Antiquité et caractérisés par la présence de sucre dans les urines et une soif intense, ce n’est qu’à la fin du xixe siècle que les travaux de plusieurs équipes aboutissent à rechercher la substance active de la sécrétion interne du pancréas dans des extraits susceptibles de diminuer le glucose dans le sang et les urines chez le chien diabétique. C’est à l’Université de Toronto, au Canada, il y a 100 ans, entre 1921 et 1922, que Frederick Banting, Charles Best et James Collip, travaillant dans le département de physiologie dirigé par John MacLeod, obtiennent des extraits pancréatiques suffisamment purifiés qui permettent de traiter de jeunes patients diabétiques. Cette découverte de l’insuline est très vite reconnue et saluée par l’attribution du Prix Nobel de Physiologie ou Médecine en 1923 à Frederick Banting et John MacLeod. Cette découverte a eu d’importantes retombées scientifiques, industrielles et cliniques, toujours d’actualité.
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Adewole, F. A., L. T. Egbeyale, D. A. Ekunseitan, K. O. Bello, O. A. Lala, and S. A. Famakinde. "© Effect of strain and sex on haematological and serum biochemical indices of tropical indigenous chickens." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 48, no. 2 (March 2, 2021): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v48i2.2924.
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A thirteen-week experiment was conducted to determine the effect of sex and strain on the haematological and serum biochemical indices of two indigenous chicken strains (FUNAAB Alpha and Yoruba ecotype) in the African subtropics. One hundred and twenty chickens comprising thirty (30) each of FUNAAB Alpha males, FUNAAB Alpha females, Yoruba ecotype males and Yoruba ecotype females were assigned to four treatments consisting of three replicates of ten (10) chickens each, in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of a completely randomized design. Data collected were analyzed for simple descriptive and inferential statistics using SAS. Significantly (p<0.05) higher white blood count (13.55 g/100ml) was observed with the FUNAAB Alpha compared with 10.10 g/100ml of the Yoruba ecotype chicken strain. Both the mean corpuscular volume and corpuscular haemoglobin were higher (p<0.05) in the Yoruba ecotype than FUNAAB Alpha. Similarly, glucose and phosphorus values were significantly (p<0.05) higher in FUNAAB Alpha than the Yoruba ecotype. Aspartate amino transferase (AST), Alanine amino transferase (ALT) and calcium concentrations were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the Yoruba ecotype than FUNAAB Alpha. The males of Yoruba ecotype recorded higher volume of white blood count while FUNAAB Alpha females recorded higher concentration of Heterophil than their male counterparts. The values of glucose, total protein, globulin and uric acid were observed higher in female than male chickens. The study showed that strain and sex had significant effects on both haematological and serum biochemical indices of tropical indigenous chickens. Une expérience de treize semaines a été menée pour déterminer l'effet du sexe et de la tension sur les indices biochimiques hématologiques et sériques de deux souches indigènes de poulet (FUNAAB Alpha et Yoruba ecotype) dans les sous-tropiques africains. Cent vingt poulets comprenant trente (30) mâles FUNAAB Alpha, des femelles FUNAAB Alpha, des mâles ecotypes Yoruba et des femelles ecotypes Yoruba ont été affectés à quatre traitements composés de trois répliques de dix (10) poulets chacun, dans un arrangement factorial de 2 x 2 d'une conception complètement randomisée. Les données recueillies ont été analysées à l'aide de statistiques descriptives et inférentielles simples à l'aide du SAS. Significativement (p<0.05) le compte plus élevé de sang blanc (13.55 g/100ml) a été observé avec le FUNAAB Alpha comparé à 10.10 g/100ml de la souche de poulet d'ecotype de Yoruba. Le volume corpusculaire moyen et l'hémoglobine corpusculaire étaient plus élevés (p<0.05) dans l'ecotype de Yoruba que FUNAAB Alpha. De même, les valeurs de glucose et de phosphore étaient significativement (p<0.05) plus élevées dans FUNAAB Alpha que l'écotype de Yoruba. L'aspartate aminotransferase (AST), l'Alanine aminotransferase (le 'ALT') et les concentrations de calcium étaient significativement plus élevées (p<0.05) dans l'ecotype de Yoruba que FUNAAB Alpha. Les mâles de l'ecotype de Yoruba ont enregistré un volume plus élevé de sang blanc, tandis que les femelles FUNAAB Alpha ont enregistré une concentration plus élevée d'hétérophiles que leurs homologues masculins. Les valeurs du glucose, de la protéine totale, de la globuline et de l'acide urique ont été observées plus élevées chez les poulets femelles que chez les poulets mâles. L'étude a montré que la tension et le sexe avaient des effets significatifs sur les indices biochimiques hématologiques et sériques des poulets indigènes tropicaux.
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Châu, Mai Hải, and Đặng Thị Ngọc. "XÁC ĐỊNH MÔI TRƯỜNG NHÂN GIỐNG VÀ NUÔI TẠO QUẢ THỂ NẤM ĐÔNG TRÙNG HẠ THẢO (Cordycep militaris) THEO HƯỚNG HỮU CƠ." Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Lâm nghiệp, no. 2 (2022): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.55250/jo.vnuf.2022.2.003-013.
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Nghiên cứu nhằm xác định môi trường nhân giống và nuôi tạo quả thể nấm đông trùng hạ thảo (Cordyceps militaris) theo hướng hữu cơ. Kết quả cho thấy nguồn mẫu được khử trùng bằng ethanol 70% trong 30 giây cho kết quả tốt nhất, với hệ sợi tơ nấm phát triển dày, nhanh chuyển sang màu cam đậm, chiều dài tơ nấm trung bình đạt 1,475cm sau 9 ngày sau cấy. Đối với môi trường nhân giống nấm đông trùng hạ thảo (Cordyceps militaris) dịch thể gồm glucose 30g/L + 5g/L cao nấm men + 10g/L pepton + 0,2g/L B1 + 0,2g/L B8 + 200mL dịch chiết (5g/L cao hà thủ ô + 12g/L hành tây + 7g/L cà rốt + 7g/L súp lơ + 160g/L khoai tây) + 200g/L dịch chiết giá đậu xanh cho kết quả phù hợp nhất, kích thước cầu nấm lớn nhất đạt 1,1cm, trị số mật độ quang đạt 0,91. Sử dụng giống dịch thể nuôi cấy tạo quả thể cho kết quả chiều cao đạt 5,0 (cm) sau 33 ngày. Trong thí nghiệm nuôi tạo quả thể nấm C. militaris, công thức chứa glucose 30g/L + 5g/L cao nấm men + 10g/L pepton + 0,2g/L B1 + 0,2g/L B8 + 200mL dịch chiết như môi trường nhân giống + 200g/L giá + 7g/L yến mạch + 5g/L bột tảo spirulina + 30g gạo lứt : gạo trắng (1:1)) cho kết quả tốt nhất, quả thể nấm xuất hiện rất sớm chỉ sau 3 ngày chuyển pha sáng, tổng số quả thể thu được đạt 168 quả thể/hộp, khối lượng tươi/hộp đạt 32,58g .
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Wi, Dong-Han, Su-Rin Jung, Seong-Ju Lee, Ye-seul Jeon, Youn-Sang Jung, and Jae-Il Park. "Abstract 4815: TMEM9 decreases ER stress-induced misfolded proteins via lysosomal protein degradation." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 4815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-4815.
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Abstract The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contributes to various protein modifications such as protein folding. Also, the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) complex removes defective proteins, which prevents the accumulation of misfolded proteins to avoid abnormality of physiological activity. Several physiological and pathological stimuli, such as hypoxia and nutrient starvation lead to unfolded protein responses (UPRs). Given that hyper-proliferation causes hypoxia and glucose shortening, cancer cells might induce UPRs resulting in misfolded protein accumulation and aggregation. Although the ERAD complex removes defective proteins, the capacity of the proteasomal degradation pathway is not enough to completely clear defective proteins in hyper-proliferative cancer cells. Thus, it is likely that cancer cells require additional misfolded protein degradation systems. Transmembrane protein 9 (TMEM9) has been identified as a vesicular acidification amplifier, which is upregulated in cancer cells for Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation via lysosomal protein degradation. In this study, TMEM9 downregulated ER stress-induced misfolded proteins that decrease cancer cell proliferation and viability. ERAD inhibitor declined cancer cell proliferation, reverted by TMEM9. Intriguingly, TMEM9 decreased ERAD-induced apoptosis instead of promoted autophagic cell death under glucose shorten conditions. Here we suggest that lysosomal protein degradation is an additional protein degradation system for the removal of defective proteins and contributes to stable cancer cell proliferation via the clearing of garbage proteins. Citation Format: Dong-Han Wi, Su-Rin Jung, Seong-Ju Lee, Ye-seul Jeon, Youn-Sang Jung, Jae-Il Park. TMEM9 decreases ER stress-induced misfolded proteins via lysosomal protein degradation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4815.
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Minh, Trần Dũng, and Nguyễn Thị Nhã. "Đặc điểm sinh học của nấm thán thư Colletotrichum hại cây ớt tại Củ Chi, thành phố Hồ Chí Minh." Journal of Science and Technology 1, no. 4 (December 25, 2018): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.55401/jst.v1i4.194.
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Cây ớt cay (Capsium annuum L.) bị bệnh thán thư gây hại đáng kể, bệnh do một số loài nấm Colletotrichum gây ra. Tại huyện Củ Chi, bệnh gây hại trên quả trong giai đoạn trước khi thu hoạch ở vụ mưa, triệu chứng điển hình là các vết bệnh tối màu, trũng lõm và có khối bào tử dạng vòng tròn đồng tâm màu nâu đậm. Hai loài Colletotrichum đã được xác định dựa trên đặc điểm nuôi cấy và hình thái. Các Isolate đã được phân lập từ mẫu quả bệnh trên môi trường PGA(potato glucose agar) ở 25-300C trong 5-7 ngày, sau đó xác định đặc điểm nuôi cấy bằng kính hiển vi và mắt thường. Các mẫu cấy phát triển hình thành các vòng tròn bào tử màu đen từ trung tâm tản nấm. Trên môi trường PGA, tản nấm có màu trắng hoặc hồng nhạt, sau đó chuyển dần sang xám nhạt hoặc xám xanh. Bào tử đơn bào, không màu và hình trụ với đầu nhụt hoặc thuôn, các đặc điểm này thuộc về 2 loài C. capsicivàC. gloeosporioides. 2 loài này phát triển mạnh ởnhiệt độ tối ưu 25-300C và phát triển kém ở 200C hoặc 350C.
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Mỹ Trâm, Phạm Thị, Ngô Kế Sương, and Lê Thị Thủy Tiên. "ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ MÔI TRƯỜNG ĐẾN QUÁ TRÌNH NUÔI CẤY TẾ BÀO XẠ ĐEN (Ehretia asperula Zoll. et Mor.)." Hue University Journal of Science: Natural Science 129, no. 1A (March 20, 2020): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26459/hueunijns.v129i1a.5676.
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Xạ đen, tên khoa học là Ehretia asperula Zoll. et Mor., thuộc họ Vòi voi (Boraginaceae), có nguồn gốc từ các nước Đông Nam Á. Xạ đen thường được dùng để chữa bệnh như u nhọt (kể cả ung bướu), viêm thũng và giải độc. Khảo sát ảnh hưởng của một số chất điều hòa sinh trưởng thực vật và nguồn cung cấp carbon lên sự hình thành và tăng sinh mô sẹo từ mẫu cấy lá của cây xạ đen in vitro nhằm tạo nguyên liệu cho các hệ thống nuôi cấy tế bào để cung cấp các hợp chất có giá trị cho ngành dược liệu. Kết quả cho thấy mô sẹo phát triển tốt trên môi trường B5 bổ sung glucose 30 mg/L và 2,4-D 0,4 mg/L kết hợp với BA 0,1 mg/L. Trên môi trường này, mô sẹo có màu vàng xanh, xốp, mịn và tăng sinh nhanh. Mô sẹo chuyển sang màu trắng sữa sau 10 tuần nuôi cấy và được sử dụng làm nguyêu liệu cho nuôi cấy huyền phù tế bào. Huyền phù tế bào trong điều kiện tối phát triển tốt hơn ngoài sáng với lượng sinh khối cao nhất đạt được sau 4 tuần nuôi cấy (149,933 g/L).
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Agbaye, F. P., A. O. Sokunbi, M. A. Onigemo, O. Alaba, O. A. J. Anjola, E. A. Amao, K. K. Agbalaya, et al. "Blood profile of prevalent sheep breeds in Nigeria: A case study of Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 48, no. 5 (November 10, 2021): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v48i5.3173.
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The role of the environment in the survivability of an animal is paramount and blood profiles are part of the indices for measuring the health status. Therefore, a study was carried out to determine the blood profile of prominent indigenous breed of sheep (Ram) viz: West African Dwarf, Yankasa, Balami and Ouda breeds reared in Ikorodu Local Government. A total of 20 rams were used comprising of five rams per breed, with average age of 2½ years weighing 31.13±4.8 kg. Blood samples were carefully collected from the rams into labeled sterile bottles containing EDTA for haematological examination and another set of bottles containing Lithium Heparin was used to collect blood for the serum biochemical analysis. Haematological parameter assessed were Packed Cell Volume (PCV), White Blood Cell (WBC), Red Blood Cell (RBC), while the biochemical parameters investigated were Total protein (Tp), Albumin, Glucose, Creatine Cholesterol, and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP). PCV was significantly (p<0.05) highest (32.25%) in Yankassa and lowest (26.25%) in Ouda. Yankasa had statistically (p<0.05) the higher 11.66g/dL Hb, followed by WAD (10.00), Ouda (9.60) and lower (9.20) in Balami. RBC (x10/ml) was significantly (p<0.05) higher in WAD (3.72) than other breeds and lowest in Ouda (3.11). MCV (fl) value was significantly lower in Yankasa (75.83) than other breeds and higher in Ouda (83.60). MCH (pg) was statistically (p<0.05) highest (30.89) in Yankasa and lower (26.93) in Balami. Yankasa had significantly(p<0.05) the higher (8673.00) Total WBC (mm3), followed by WAD (8453.25), Balami (6814.25) and least in Ouda (6718.75). Total protein was significantly (p<0.05) the higher (53.76) in WAD ram and lower (43.76) in Ouda. Yankasa ram recorded significantly (p<0.05) the higher Albumin content (5.45), glucose level (48.87), ALP (129.71) and significantly the least creatine (0.63) while significantly (p<0.05) the least values for Glucose were in Ouda (44.83), Albumin content and Alkaline phosphatase in Balami (4.33, 104.87 respectively). Cholesterol value was significantly the higher (93.22) in WAD and lower (79.70) in Balami. Results revealed significant differences in haematological and serological indices tested though all values obtained were within the normal range for sheep.
Le rôle de l'environnement dans la survie d'un animal est primordial et les profils sanguins font partie des indices de mesure de l'état de santé. Par conséquent, une étude a été menée pour déterminer le profil sanguin de la race indigène de moutons (bélier), à savoir: les moutons nains d'Afrique de l'Ouest (WAD), Yankasa, Balami et Ouda élevés dans la collectivité locale d'Ikorodu. Au total, 20 béliers ont été utilisés comprenant cinq béliers par race, avec un âge moyen de 2 ans et demi pesant 31,13 ± 4,8 kg. Des échantillons de sang ont été soigneusement prélevés sur les béliers dans des flacons stériles étiquetés contenant de l'EDTA pour un examen hématologique et un autre ensemble de flacons contenant de l'héparine de lithium a été utilisé pour collecter du sang pour l'analyse biochimique du sérum. Les paramètres hématologiques évalués étaient le volume de cellules emballées (PCV), les globules blancs (WBC), les globules rouges (RBC), tandis que les paramètres biochimiques étudiés étaient la protéine totale (Tp), l'albumine, le glucose, la créatine cholestérol et la phosphatase alcaline (ALP). Le PCV était significativement (p <0,05) le plus élevé (32,25%) à Yankassa et le plus bas (26,25%) à Ouda. Yankasa avait statistiquement (p <0,05) le taux d'Hb le plus élevé de 11,66 g / dL, suivi de WAD (10,00), Ouda (9,60) et moins (9,20) à Balami. Les globules rouges (x10 / ml) étaient significativement (p <0,05) plus élevés chez WAD (3,72) que chez les autres races et plus faibles chez Ouda (3,11). La valeur MCV (fl) était significativement plus faible à Yankasa (75,83) que dans les autres races et plus élevée à Ouda (83,60). MCH (pg) était statistiquement (p <0,05) la plus élevée (30,89) à Yankasa et inférieure (26,93) à Balami. Yankasa avait significativement (p <0,05) le plus élevé (8673,00) WBC total (mm3), suivi des moutons nains d'Afrique de l'Ouest, (8453,25), Balami (6814,25) et inférieur à Ouda (6718,75). La protéine totale était significativement (p <0,05) la plus élevée (53,76) chez les moutons nains d'Afrique de l'Ouest, et la plus faible (43,76) chez Ouda. Le bélier Yankasa a enregistré de manière significative (p <0,05) la plus haute teneur en albumine (5,45), le niveau de glucose (48,87), l'ALP (129,71) et significativement le moins de créatine (0,63) tandis que de manière significative (p <0,05) les valeurs les plus faibles pour le glucose étaient à Ouda (44,83), teneur en albumine et phosphatase alcaline chez Balami (4,33, 104,87 respectivement). La valeur du cholestérol était significativement la plus élevée (93,22) chez les moutons nains d'Afrique de l'Ouest et la plus basse (79,70) chez Balami. Les résultats ont révélé des différences significatives dans les indices hématologiques et sérologiques testés bien que toutes les valeurs obtenues se situent dans la plage normale pour les moutons.
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Niemhom, Nantawan, Chanwit Suriyachadkun, Tomohiko Tamura, and Chitti Thawai. "Asanoa siamensis sp. nov., isolated from soil from a temperate peat swamp forest." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_1 (January 1, 2013): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.038851-0.
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A novel actinomycete strain, PS7-2T, which produced spore chains borne on the tips of short sporophores, was isolated from soil collected from a temperate peat swamp forest in Phu-Sang National Park, Phayao province, Thailand. The isolate contained glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, 3-hydroxy-diaminopimelic acid and meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The whole-cell sugars were glucose, mannose, rhamnose and xylose, and the major phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The predominant menaquinones were MK-10(H8) and MK-9(H8) and the predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 72.3 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain PS7-2T clustered with members of the genus Asanoa and appeared most closely related to the type strains of Asanoa hainanensis (99.5 % sequence similarity), Asanoa iriomotensis (99.0 %), Asanoa ishikariensis (98.9 %) and Asanoa ferruginea (98.5 %). DNA–DNA hybridizations and some physiological and biochemical properties indicated that strain PS7-2T could be readily distinguished from its closest phylogenetic relatives. Based on the phenotypic and genotypic evidence and DNA–DNA relatedness values, strain PS7-2T represents a novel species in the genus Asanoa , for which the name Asanoa siamensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is PS7-2T ( = BCC 41921T = NBRC 107932T).
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Onana, E. A., E. Sobngwi, G. E. Loni, S. T. Enoru, M. Azabji-Kenfack, and J. C. Mbanya. "O95 Équivalence entre les concentrations de glucose sur sang total capillaire et veineux versus plasma chez des individus non-diabétiques et des patients diabétiques de type 2." Diabetes & Metabolism 36 (March 2010): A25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1262-3636(10)70099-9.
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Niemhom, Nantawan, Chanwit Suriyachadkun, Tomohiko Tamura, and Chitti Thawai. "Acrocarpospora phusangensis sp. nov., isolated from a temperate peat swamp forest soil." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_6 (June 1, 2013): 2174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.046227-0.
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A novel actinomycete, strain PS33-18T, that formed club-shaped and spherical structures borne on the tip of the aerial mycelia was isolated from a temperate peat swamp forest soil in Phu-Sang National Park, Phayao Province, Thailand. The isolate contained glutamic acid, alanine and meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The whole-cell sugars of strain PS33-18T were glucose, madurose, mannose, rhamnose and ribose. The characteristic phospholipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, hydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and ninhydrin-positive phosphoglycolipids. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4). The major cellular fatty acids were C17 : 1ω8c, iso-C16 : 0 and C16 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain PS33-18T was 71.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain PS33-18T should be classified in the genus Acrocarpospora . The level of similarity between this strain and the closely related species Acrocarpospora macrocephala NBRC 16266T was 98.3 %, Acrocarpospora pleiomorpha NBRC 16267T was 97.9 %, Acrocarpospora corrugata NBRC 13972T was 97.6 %, Herbidospora sakaeratensis NBRC 102641T was 97.6 % and Planotetraspora kaengkrachanensis NBRC 104272T was 97.3 %. DNA–DNA hybridization results and physiological and biochemical properties indicated that strain PS33-18T could be distinguished readily from its closest phylogenetic relatives. On the basis of these phenotypic and genotypic data, this strain represents a novel species, for which the name Acrocarpospora phusangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PS33-18T ( = BCC 46906T = NBRC 108782T).
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DE BASILIO, V., and M. PICARD. "La capacité de survie des poulets à un coup de chaleur est augmentée par une exposition précoce à une température élevée." INRAE Productions Animales 15, no. 4 (September 15, 2002): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2002.15.4.3705.
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Un coup de chaleur pendant la dernière semaine d’élevage provoque une hyperthermie et tue un nombre important de poulets. La température corporelle peut être considérée comme un indicateur utile du confort thermique du poulet de chair exposé à la chaleur et de ses capacités d’adaptation. L’acclimatation précoce par exposition des poussins de chair pendant 24 h à 36-40°C, réduit de manière limitée (de 0,12 à 0,30°C) mais significative et durable, la température moyenne corporelle mesurée dans le côlon terminal et diminue la mortalité lors d’un coup de chaleur en période de finition sans réduire la croissance. Plusieurs essais suggèrent au contraire une stimulation de la synthèse musculaire. Ces résultats de recherche sont reproduits dans des conditions tropicales de laboratoire et d’élevage réel au Venezuela. Les mécanismes d’acquisition d’une résistance durable à un stress thermique ne sont pas complètement connus. L’acclimatation précoce réduit l’hématocrite, la viscosité du sang, le taux circulant de T3, sans changer significativement les taux plasmatiques de glucose et de protéines. Aucun résultat ne confirme une implication des protéines de choc thermique (HSP) dans l’acclimatation précoce. Il semble que l’acclimatation précoce agisse en initiant chez le jeune poussin, au moment où il devient homéotherme, un ensemble de mécanismes qui favorisent la thermolyse (circulation sanguine périphérique et hyperventilation) et qui réduisent la thermogenèse au chaud (métabolisme thyroïdien et découplage mitochondrial). Il existe suffisamment de résultats positifs aujourd’hui pour affirmer que la capacité de survie des poulets à un coup de chaleur est augmentée par une exposition à une température élevée pendant 24 h à l’âge de 5 jours.
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Ngọc, Cấn Thị Bích, and Vũ Chí Dũng. "Đột biến dị hợp tử trội C.991T>T của gen KCNJ11 gây các kiểu hình khác nhau của đái tháo đường." Tạp chí Nghiên cứu Y học 138, no. 2 (May 12, 2021): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52852/tcncyh.v138i2.71.
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Đột biến kích hoạt gen KCNJ11 mã hóa cho tiểu đơn vị Kir6.2 đã được biết gây bệnh đái tháo đường sơ sinh. Điều trị bằng thuốc uống sulfonylurea thay thế cho tiêm insulin ngoại sinh giúp cải thiện glucose máu ở hầu hết những bệnh nhân mang đột biến của gen này. Việc xác định đột biến gen ở những bệnh nhân đái tháo đường xuất hiện trước 6 tháng tuổi không chỉ có vai trò quan trọng trong việc lựa chọn phương pháp điều trị phù hợp cho bệnh nhân mà còn giúp xác định bệnh đái tháo đường di truyền đơn gen. Trong nghiên cứu này, 3 thành viên trong 1 gia đình: bệnh nhân (ca chỉ điểm - proband) (II.2) được chẩn đoán đái tháo đường lúc 62 ngày tuổi, em gái bệnh nhân (II.3) được chẩn đoán đái tháo đường lúc 13 tháng tuổi và bố bệnh nhân (I.2) được chẩn đoán đái tháo đường lúc 20 tuổi. Ba bệnh nhân được xác định đột biến gen bằng phương pháp giải trình tự Sanger cho các gen KCNJ11, INS và ABCC8. Ba bệnh nhân có đột biến dị hợp tử trội c.991T>C (p.Ser331Pro) của gen KCNJ11. Bệnh nhân II.2 và II.3 được điều trị bằng sulfonylurea thay thế cho insulin tiêm. Bệnh nhân I.2 điều trị bằng insulin do từ chối chuyển đổi sang sulfonylurea. Như vậy với cùng một kiểu gen, đã gây nên những kiểu hình khác nhau của bệnh đái tháo đường.
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Bishir, B. B., G. T. Iyeghe-Erakpotobor, D. Zahraddeen, and A. M. Aliyu. "Effect of dietary levels of hog plum (Spondias mombin) leaf meal on blood profile of Red Sokoto bucks." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 48, no. 3 (March 6, 2021): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v48i3.2965.
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This research was carried out to update the baseline data on haematology and serum biochemical parameters of Red Sokoto bucks. The Bucks were allotted to five treatments having three replicates each in a completely randomized design. The hog plum leaf meal (HPLM) was fed at levels of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% in treatment 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. The experimental diets and clean drinking water were offered to the animals ad libitum. 2mL of blood was taken for heamatological analysis and placed in a vacuum tube containing 10% ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA). Measured parameters include packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), Neutrophils, Basophils, Eosinophils, Monocytes and Lymphocytes and another 2mL of blood sample was also taken for serum biochemistry analysis and was also placed in a separate vaccum tube without anti-clotting agent. Measured parameters for serum biochemistry include glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium and chlorine. Packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), haemoglobin (Hb), neutrophils, eosinophils and lymphocytes differed (P<0.05, P<0.01) among treatments. However, basophils and monocytes were not significantly (P>0.05) affected. The white blood cells differentials were slightly different between treatment groups but were within the reference range. The relative Lymphocytes counts was higher (P<0.05) in 30% and 40%HPLM T5 (72.42%, 73.57%) than other treatments groups which were 70.23%, 65.17% and 70.31% for 0, 10 and 20% HPLM, respectively. The serum glucose values obtained in this study The values obtained for total protein, globulin and potassium were not significantly different (P<0.05). The albumin and urea values obtained have the lowest value at 3.82g/l (control) and 30% HPLM (4.46mmol/l) respectively. Creatinine and sodium were significantly higher in 40% (147.00mmol/l) and 20% HPLM (169.33mmol/l) respectively and Values for chlorine was observed to be similar (P<0.0.05) having the lowest value at 10% HPLM (84.23 mmol/l). were significantly higher (P<0.05) on 10% (8.00 mmol/l) and 20% HPLM (8.36 mmol/l) respectively. The study indicated that hog plum leaf meal could be used as feed resources to raise goats.
Cette recherche a été effectuée pour mettre à jour les données de base sur l'hématologie et les paramètres biochimiques sériques des mâles Sokoto rouges. Les Bucks ont été attribués à cinq traitements ayant trois répliques chacun dans une conception complètement randomisée. La farine de feuilles de prunier (HPLM) a été nourrie à des niveaux de 0, 10, 20, 30 et 40% dans le traitement 1, 2, 3, 4 et 5 respectivement. Les régimes expérimentaux et l'eau potable propre ont été offerts aux animaux ad libitum. 2mL de sang a été pris pour l'analyse hématologique et placé dans un tube à vide contenant 10% d'acide tétra acetic d'éthylène diamine (EDTA). Les paramètres mesurés comprennent le volume cellulaire emballé (PCV), la concentration d'hémoglobine (Hb), les globules rouges (RBC), les globules blancs (WBC), les neutrophiles, les basophiles, les éosinophiles, les monocytes et les lymphocytes et un autre échantillon de sang de 2 mL a également été prélevé pour l'analyse de biochimie sérique et a également été placé dans un tube d'évacuation séparé sans agent anticoagulation. Les paramètres mesurés pour la biochimie sérique comprennent le glucose, la protéine totale, l'albumine, la globuline, l'urée, la créatinine, le sodium, le potassium et le chlore. Le volume de cellules emballées (PCV), les globules rouges (RBC), les globules blancs (WBC), l'hémoglobine (Hb), les neutrophiles, les éosinophiles et les lymphocytes différaient (P<0.05, P<0.01) parmi les traitements. Cependant, les basophiles et les monocytes n'ont pas été affectés de manière significative (P>0.05). Les différentiels des globules blancs étaient légèrement différents entre les groupes de traitement, mais se trouvaient dans la fourchette de référence. Les comptes relatifs de lymphocytes étaient plus élevés (P<0.05) dans 30% et 40%HPLM T5 (72.42%, 73.57%) que les autres groupes de traitements qui étaient 70.23%, 65.17% et 70.31% pour 0, 10 et 20% HPLM, respectivement. Les valeurs de glucose sérique obtenues dans cette étude Les valeurs obtenues pour la protéine totale, la globuline et le potassium n'étaient pas significativement différentes (P<0.05). Les valeurs d'albumine et d'urée obtenues ont la valeur la plus basse à 3,82 g/l (contrôle) et 30 % hplm (4,46 mmol/l) respectivement. La créatinine et le sodium étaient significativement plus élevés dans 40% (147.00mmol/l) et 20% HPLM (169.33mmol/l) respectivement et les valeurs pour le chlore ont été observées pour être semblables (P<0.05) ayant la valeur la plus basse à 10% HPLM (84.23 mmol/l). étaient significativement plus élevés (P<0.05) sur 10% (8,00 mmol/l) et 20% HPLM (8.36 mmol/l) respectivement. L'étude a indiqué que la farine de feuilles de prunier pourrait être utilisée comme ressources d'alimentation pour élever des chèvres..
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Sun, Zhiyu, Yongbin Zhou, Wenxu Zhu, and You Yin. "Assessment of the Fruit Chemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Different Mulberry Cultivars (Morus spp.) in Semi-Arid, Sandy Regions of China." Foods 12, no. 18 (September 20, 2023): 3495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12183495.
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As a traditional cash crop with ecological and nutritional values, mulberry is gradually expanding its consumption worldwide due to its great regional adaptability and superior health functions. The widespread interest in nutrients has led to a growing need to explore in depth the health benefits of mulberries. Many studies are actively being conducted to investigate the adaptability of the diversity of mulberries in different applications. This study systematically investigated the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of four mulberry genotypes cultivated in China’s semi-arid sandy regions to better understand the composition and health-promoting potential of this super crop. Chemical composition identification was identified via HPLC and antioxidant activity was further determined via DPPH and FRAP. The moisture, crude protein, ash, soluble solids, phenolics, anthocyanins, and flavonoids contents of mulberry were comparatively analyzed. The study revealed that the four mulberry genotypes showed significant differences in quality and content of the analyzed characteristics. The greatest antioxidant activity was found in Shensang 1, which had the most soluble solids (17%) and the highest amounts of free sugar (fructose: 5.14% and glucose: 5.46%). Ji’an had the most minerals (K: 2.35 mg/g, Ca: 2.27 mg/g, and Fe: 467.32 mg/kg) and it also contained chlorogenic acid, which has the potential to be turned into a natural hypoglycemic agent. PCA and Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the antioxidant activity was closely related to the chemical contents of total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and soluble sugars. If the antioxidant activity and nutrient content of the developed plants are considered, Shen Sang 1 is the most favorable variety. This finding can be used to support the widespread cultivation of mulberries to prevent desertification as well as to promote the development of the mulberry industry.
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Choi, Eun-Ji, Hyun-Taek Oh, Seon-Hyeong Lee, Chen-Song Zhang, Mengqi Li, Soo-Youl Kim, Sunghyouk Park, et al. "Abstract 4455: Metabolic stress induces a double positive feedback loop between AMPK and p62 conferring dual activation of AMPK and NRF2 to synergize antioxidant defense." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 4455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-4455.
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Abstract Co-occurring mutations in KEAP1 in LKB1-mutant NSCLC activate NRF2 to compensate losing LKB1-AMPK activity during metabolic adaptation and survival. Here, we investigated the regulatory crosstalk between LKB1-AMPK and KEAP1-NRF2 pathways during metabolic stress. We found that metabolic stress activates NRF2 through the expression and phosphorylation of p62, causing the autophagic degradation of KEAP1. Intriguingly, the induction of p62 during metabolic stress is also required to activate AMPK by promoting AXIN-LKB1-AMPK complex formation and recruiting it to the lysosomal membrane. Importantly, the p62-driven dual-activation of AMPK and NRF2 was critical for tumour growth by synergizing antioxidant defences. In turn, the induction of p62 also required LKB1-AMPK activity, suggesting a double positive feedback loop between AMPK and p62. Mechanistically, the increase in lysosomal pH caused by low glucose metabolism and AMPK-dependent reduction of proton generation induced PP2A-dependent dephosphorylation of TFEB/TFE3 which increased the expression of p62. The increase of ROS caused by metabolic stress induced lysosomal MCOLN1-Ca2+ dependent activation of TAK1 which increased p62 phosphorylation. Protons provided by lactic acid abrogated all the effects caused by metabolic stress. This positive feedback loop between AMPK and p62 that activates AMPK and NRF2 can potentially explain why co-occurring mutations in LKB1 and KEAP1 occur and further provide promising therapeutic strategies for lung cancer. Citation Format: Eun-Ji Choi, Hyun-Taek Oh, Seon-Hyeong Lee, Chen-Song Zhang, Mengqi Li, Soo-Youl Kim, Sunghyouk Park, Tong-Shin Chang, Byung-Hoon Lee, Sheng-Cai Lin, Sang-Min Jeon. Metabolic stress induces a double positive feedback loop between AMPK and p62 conferring dual activation of AMPK and NRF2 to synergize antioxidant defense [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 4455.
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GIRAUD, G., A. LOUBATIèRES, H. LATOUR, and P. BOUYARD. "Les effets obtenus chez l'homme par l'administration brève ou prolongée de phloridzoside sur les index comparés (glucose, chlore, urée) du sang de la veine rénale et de l'artère fémorale, sur les constituants de l'urine et sur la diurèse." Acta Medica Scandinavica 154, S312 (April 24, 2009): 727–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1956.tb17080.x.
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Woo, Sang M., Sung-Sik Han, Ho Lee, and Soo-Youl Kim. "Abstract 3686: Blocking fatty acid oxidation suggests a potential new therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 3686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3686.
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Abstract Background: Glycolysis is known as the main pathway for ATP production in cancer cells. However, in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells, glucose deprivation for 24 h did not reduce ATP levels, whereas it suppressed lactate production. We found that ATP production in PDAC cells critically depended on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) while normal cells showed no dependency on fatty acid. Therefore, FAO inhibition significantly decrease oxygen consumption rate as well as ATP production only in cancer cells. Methods: To test whether cancer depends on fatty acid for energy metabolism, high- or low-fat diet was tested in spontaneous PDAC cancer model (KPC mouse: Kras(G12D)/p53(R172H)/Pdx1-Cre model). To test whether FAO is absolute requirement for ATP production in cancer, overall survival (OS) was monitored in KPC mice by crossbreeding with FAO gene knock out mice. Results: First, the effects of calorie balanced high- or low-fat diets were tested to determine whether cancer growth is modulated by fatty acid instead of calories. A low-fat diet caused a 70 % decrease in pancreatic preneoplastic lesions accompanying decrease of body weight 20% compared with the control, whereas high-fat diet caused a 2-fold increase in preneoplastic lesions accompanied with 25% increase of body mass index in Kras(G12D)/p53(R172H)/Pdx1-Cre model (KPC model; spontaneous PDAC model). Second, the effect of FAO gene knock down was tested to determine whether OS is increased in KPC model. The crossbreeding of FAO gene knockout (+/-) and KPC mice resulted in 2-fold increase of OS. Conclusions: The two results suggest that controlling obesity by diet as well as targeting FAO can enhance anti-cancer effect of cancer therapeutics including conventional anti-cancer drug or immune-oncology drug. Clinical Trial Identification: IND for PDAC therapy with drugs targeting FAO will be submitted in 2022. Legal Entity Responsible for the Study: This study is legally under review by IRB in National Cancer Center, Korea, and sponsored by National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) and NCC-Bio Co. Funding: Funding source: Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2019M3A9G1104345) Citation Format: Sang M. Woo, Sung-Sik Han, Ho Lee, Soo-Youl Kim. Blocking fatty acid oxidation suggests a potential new therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3686.
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Lee, Hee Yeon, Kyung-Do Han, and Hyuk-Sang Kwon. "Abstract A131: Cumulative burden of fatty liver and kidney cancer in young-aged men: A national population-based study." Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 22, no. 12_Supplement (December 1, 2023): A131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.targ-23-a131.
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Abstract Introduction Kidney cancer is considered as a metabolic disease due to its association with metabolic problems including obesity and metabolic syndrome. The association of kidney cancer with metabolic syndrome components and higher association in young-aged male population has been reported. Recent trends show an increasing incidence of kidney cancer, coupled with rising costs due to the development of new drugs. In light of these factors, identifying modifiable factors becomes a meaningful endeavor from a public healthcare perspective. The aim of this study was to determine the association of kidney cancer with cumulative burden of fatty liver in young-aged men using fatty liver index (FLI). Methods Korean National Health Insurance Service database were used. A total of 1,007,906 men aged ≥ 20 years and < 40 years who received four consecutive check-ups from January 2009 to December 2012, excluding those with missing data, history of malignancy, and those who died or diagnosed with cancer within one year after their last check-up were analyzed. They were followed up to the diagnosis of kidney cancer or death until December 2020. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was defined as FLI ≥ 60. Results With increasing cumulative frequency of FLI >60, there was a noticeable rise in the proportion of subjects who were current smokers and heavy drinkers. Furthermore, BMI, WC, glucose and lipid profiles (excluding HDL) demonstrated an upward trend. HR in subjects with mean 30 ≤ FLI < 60 was 1.447 (95% CI 1.26-1.853) and 2.391 (95% CI 1.986-2.879) in those with mean FLI ≥ 60. As the cumulative frequency increased, HR for kidney cancer increased. A group that initially had FLI ≥ 60, and FLI decreased below 60 at the last check-up showed lower HR compared to a group that had FLI ≥ 60 on both measurements (HR 1.374 vs. 2.430). Furthermore, this HR was lower than the group that had FLI < 60 initially but increased to ≥ 60 (1.374 vs. 1.653). Conclusion This study showed the association between cumulative burden of fatty liver using FLI and kidney cancer in young-aged men. As the cumulative burden of NAFLD increased, the incidence of kidney cancer increased. In the cases with initial high FLI (≥ 60) and final low FLI (< 60) showed lower HR compared to the cases with high FLI at initial and final measurements. Citation Format: Hee Yeon Lee, Kyung-Do Han, Hyuk-Sang Kwon. Cumulative burden of fatty liver and kidney cancer in young-aged men: A national population-based study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC Virtual International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2023 Oct 11-15; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2023;22(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A131.
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DURAN KARADUMAN, Bilge, Hüseyin AYHAN, Telat KELEŞ, and Engin BOZKURT. "The triglyceride-glucose index predicts peripheral artery disease complexity." TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 50, no. 5 (August 26, 2020): 1217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/sag-2006-180.
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MUSSAVIRA, Sayeeda, Mala DHARMALINGAM, and Bindhu OMANA SUKUMARAN. "Salivary glucose and antioxidant defense markers in type II diabetes mellitus." TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 45 (2015): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/sag-1306-116.
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Walder, Ken R., Richard P. Fahey, Greg J. Morton, Paul Z. Zimmet, and Greg R. Collier. "Characterization of Obesity Phenotypes inPsammomys Obesus(Israeli Sand Rats)." International Journal of Experimental Diabetes Research 1, no. 3 (2000): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/edr.2000.177.
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Psammomys obesus(the Israeli sand rat) has been well studied as an animal model of Type 2 diabetes. However, obesity phenotypes in these animals have not been fully characterized. We analyzed phenotypic data including body weight, percentage body fat, blood glucose and plasma insulin concentration for over 600 animals from thePsammomys obesuscolony at Deakin University to investigate the relationships between body fat, body weight and Type 2 diabetes using regression analysis and general linear modelling. The body weight distribution inPsammomys obesusapproximates a normal distribution and closely resembles that observed in human populations. Animals above the 75th percentile for body weight had increased body fat content and a greater risk of developing diabetes. Increased visceral fat content .was also associated with elevated blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations in these animals. A familial effect was also demonstrated inPsammomys obesus, and accounted for 51% of the variation in body weight, and 23–26% of the variation in blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations in these animals.Psammomys obesusrepresents an excellent animal model of.obesity and Type 2 diabetes that exhibits a phenotypic pattern closely resembling that observed in human population studies. The obesity described in these animals was familial in nature and was significantly associated with Type 2 diabetes.
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Cohen-Melamed, Ester, A. Nyska, A. Pollack, and Z. Madar. "Aldose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) activity and reduced-glutathione content in lenses of diabetic sand rats (Psammomys obesus) fed with acarbose." British Journal of Nutrition 74, no. 5 (November 1995): 607–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19950165.
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The effects of acarbose on cataract development, lens aldose reductase (EC 1·1·1·21) activity and lenticular reduced-glutathione content in diabetic sand rats (Psammomys obesus) were determined. Diabetic sand rats (diet-induced) were fed on diets with or without acarbose(0.4 g/kg) for 39 d. Daily plasma glucose, cataract incidence, aldose reductase and glutathione content were evaluated. After 19 d on acarbose, daily plasma glucose profile was significantly reduced compared with that of sand rats not receiving acarbose. Cataract incidence was markedly lower in sand rats treated with acarbose. After 20 d, cataracts had developed in 90% of the animals fed without acarbose, whereas none was observed in sand rats fed with acarbose. After 37 d acarbose treatment the incidence of cataracts reached only 30%. Compared with untreated animals, lens aldose reductase activity was significantly lower in sand rats fed with acarbose for 39 d (7 6 (SE 0·78) v. 3·5 (SE 0·55) μmol NADPH/mg protein per min respectively, P < 0·001). Concomitantly, significantly higher lenticular protein and reduced-glutathione contents (90 (SE 23) v. 240 (SE 23.5) μg/mg tissue respectively, P < 0·001 and 369 (SE 48·6) v. 645 (SE 71·1)μg/mg tissue respectively, P < 0·001) were found. These results suggest that decreasing hyperglycaemia, accompanied by lower aldose reductase activity obtained by acarbose, led to a significant preventive effect on cataract development in sand rats.
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LÓPEZ-GONZÁLEZ, Ángel Arturo, Zoe MANZANERO, María Teófila VICENTE-HERRERO, Sheila GARCÍA-AGUDO, María GIL-LLINÁS, and Francisco MORENO-MORCILLO. "Relationship between blood glucose levels and cardiovascular risk in the Spanish Mediterranean population." TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 47 (2017): 754–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/sag-1509-26.
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Kusumawati, Diah Hari, and Rahayu Yudia Mufida. "Development of rGO/Fe3O4 Composites as Glucose Biosensors." Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengkajian Ilmu Pendidikan: e-Saintika 5, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.36312/esaintika.v5i2.493.
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The rGO/Fe3O4 composite is one type of composites that can be used as a biosensor material, especially glucose sensors. The main ingredients of the composite synthesis are graphite and iron sand. The synthesis process of Fe3O4 was done using the coprecipitation method, while the graphite oxidation process was accomplished using the modified Hummer's method. The composites were formed using the ex-situ wet mixing method. The formed iron sand and graphite were characterized using FTIR and XRD, and it was found that Fe3O4 was formed from the appearance of the Fe-O bond, the oxidation process of graphite was seen from the appearance of the C=O bond, and the detection of Fe peaks corresponded to the cubic crystal plane. Likewise, the composites formed were also characterized using FTIR and XRD for identification of the rGO/Fe3O4 composite formation. It was proven from the presence of Fe-O and C-O bonds and the appearance of an amorphous peak of rGO in the XRD results. The performance of the rGO/Fe3O4 composites as the glucose biosensor was examined by varying the mass of Fe3O4 on the composite, using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The performance of the rGO/Fe3O4 composite biosensor in absorbing glucose reached optimum at a mass variation of 0.3 grams of Fe3O4, as demonstrated by by the lowest absorbance peak with an intensity of 0.0048 at a wavelength of 440 nm, corresponding to glucose entrappment of 7.1 mg/gram.
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Monteiro Tínel, Juliana Montezuma Barbosa, Melina Fechine Costa Benevides, Mércia Sindeaux Frutuoso, Camila Farias Rocha, Francisco Vassiliepe Sousa Arruda, Mayron Alves Vasconcelos, Francisco Nascimento Pereira-Junior, et al. "A Lectin fromDioclea violaceaInteracts with Midgut Surface ofLutzomyia migonei, Unlike Its Homologues,Cratylia floribundaLectin andCanavalia gladiataLectin." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/239208.
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Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease transmitted by phlebotomine sand fly. Susceptibility and refractoriness toLeishmaniadepend on the outcome of multiple interactions that take place within the sand fly gut. Promastigote attachment to sand fly midgut epithelium is essential to avoid being excreted together with the digested blood meal. Promastigote and gut sand fly surface glycans are important ligands in this attachment. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the interaction of three lectins isolated from leguminous seeds (Diocleinae subtribe), D-glucose and D-mannose-binding, with glycans onLutzomyia migoneimidgut. To study this interaction the lectins were labeled with FITC and a fluorescence assay was performed. The results showed that onlyDioclea violacealectin (DVL) was able to interact with midgut glycans, unlikeCratylia floribundalectin (CFL) andCanavalia gladiatalectin (CGL). Furthermore, when DVL was blocked with D-mannose the interaction was inhibited. Differences of spatial arrangement of residues and volume of carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) may be the cause of the fine specificity of DVL for glycans in the surface onLu. migoneimidgut. The findings in this study showed the presence of glycans in the midgut with glucose/mannose residues in its composition and these residues may be important in interaction betweenLu. migoneimidgut andLeishmania.
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ATAYOĞLU, Ali Timuçin, Meltem SOYLU, Sibel SİLİCİ, and Neriman İNANÇ. "Glycemic index values of monofloral Turkish honeys and the effect oftheir consumption on glucose metabolism*." TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 46 (2016): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/sag-1502-102.
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Halperin, M., and J. H. Adler. "Studies on the "labile-bound" glucose compartment in erythrocytes: studies on Psammomys obesus (sand rat) and preliminary studies on human erythrocytes." Clinical Chemistry 31, no. 7 (July 1, 1985): 1219–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/31.7.1219.
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Abstract Enzymatic (glucose oxidase) measurement of glucose concentration in the fluid compartment of Psammomys erythrocytes (Gfe) and of its concentration in the fluid compartment of blood plasma (Gfp) gives the ratio (mean +/- SD): Gfe/Gfp = 1.50 +/- 0.43 (n = 12, 23 degrees C). However, when we added 3H-labeled glucose (G*) in vitro to the whole blood, the ratio after 2 min was G*fe/G*fp = 0.90 (SD 0.11) and after 5 min G*fe/G*fp = 0.97 (SD 0.12). These calculations were based on previous determination of the fractional volumes of the fluid and non-fluid compartments in Psammomys blood. The results suggest that there is more than one compartment of measurable glucose in Psammomys erythrocytes. Glucose undergoes a fast free transfer between the plasma and the erythrocyte fluids, and a much slower transmission to another measurable compartment in the erythrocyte, where it is loosely bound to other molecules. This loosely bound glucose does not participate in the fast kinetic transmission across the erythrocyte membrane, but it is measurable by the glucose-oxidase-based method. Preliminary studies on human erythrocytes lead to similar conclusions.
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M., Sanusi, Yusuf S., and Komolafe P. L. "Effect of short distance travel on haematology, physiological and behavioural changes of sheep transported in the savanna area of Northern Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 49, no. 6 (September 11, 2023): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i6.3858.
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Transportation is one of the stressful events in an animal’s life. Stress and injuries have been known to be associated with transportation especially short distance travels. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of short distance road transport stress on some Physiological and Hematological parameters in three breeds of sheep (Yankasa, Balami and Sudanese Fat tail) in Bauchi State, Nigeria. Twenty two physically healthy adult sheep (Rams 11 ewes 11, Yankasa and Balami, four each of rams and ewe were selected while three each for Sudanese fat tail) age 1.4-1.5 years old were transported from Hardawa (Misau LGA) to Bauchi covering a distance of 217 km for up to 3hr during the dry season. Physiological parameters (Rectal temperatures (RT), respiratory rates (RR), pulse rates (PR) and body weights (BW)) and Hematological parameters (Packed cell volume (PCV), White Blood Cell (WBC) Mean cell haemoglobin volume Red blood cell (RBC) and Mean Cell Haemoglobin (MCH)) were evaluated just before the start of the journey (0 Hr) and on arrival at the destination. Rectal temperatures (RT), respiratory rates (RR), pulse rates (PR) and body weights (BW) were measured before and after transportation using standard procedures. Behavioral changes and external injuries were also observed. The result showed a significant (P<0.01) increase in RT (in all the three breeds) and PR (in Balami and Sudanese fat tail) however, there was a decrease of BW, in Yankasa and Sudanese fat tail sheep. Significant (P<0.05) increase was observed in Red blood cell count (RBC) and Mean Cell Haemoglobin (MCH) in Balami breeds. In the fat tail Sudanese, there were significant (P<0.05) increase in Lymphocytes while decrease in Neutrophils (P<0.05) was observed. Glucose and ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) level significantly (P<0.05) increased in Balami and Fat tail Sudanese. Freeze, back-off, escape attempt, vocalization, kicking was observed among the breeds during transportation. In conclusion, apart from Body Weight loss (BW), short distance transportation and shorter duration has little deleterious effect on welfare of sheep in the study area.
Le transport est l’un des événements stressants de la vie d’un animal. Le stress et les blessures sont connus pour être associés au transport, en particulier aux déplacements sur de courtes distances. Cette étude a été conçue pour évaluer l’effet du stress du transport routier à courte distance sur certains paramètres physiologiques et hématologiques chez trois races de moutons (Yankasa, Balami et Sudanese Fat Tail) dans l’État de Bauchi, au Nigéria. Vingt-deux moutons adultes physiquement sains (Béliers 11 brebis 11, Yankasa et Balami, quatre de chacun des béliers et des brebis ont été sélectionnés tandis que trois chacun pour la queue grasse soudanaise) âgés de 1,4 à 1,5 ans ont été transportés de Hardawa (Misau LGA) à Bauchi couvrant une distance de 217 km pour un maximum de 3 heures pendant la saison sèche. Paramètres physiologiques (températures rectales (TR), fréquences respiratoires (FR), pouls (PR) et poids corporels (PC)) et paramètres hématologiques (hématocrite (PCV), globules blancs (GB), volume moyen d'hémoglobine des cellules Sang rouge (CSR) et moyen d'hémoglobine des cellules (MHC)) ont été évalués juste avant le début du voyage (0 Hr) et à l'arrivée à destination. Les températures rectales (TR), les fréquences respiratoires (FR), les pouls (PR) et les poids corporels (PC) ont été mesurés avant et après le transport en utilisant des procédures standard. Des changements de comportement et des blessures externes ont également été observés. Le résultat a montré une augmentation significative (P <0,01) de TR (dans les trois races) et de PR (chez Balami et la queue grasse soudanaise) cependant, il y a eu une diminution de PC, chez les moutons Yankasa et la queue grasse soudanaise. Une augmentation significative (P <0,05) a été observée dans le nombre de globules rouges (CSR) et l'hémoglobine cellulaire moyenne (HCM) chez les races Balami. Chez les Soudanais à queue grasse, il y a eu une augmentation significative (P <0,05) des lymphocytes tandis qu'une diminution des neutrophiles (P <0,05) a été observée. Les niveaux de glucose et d'ALP (phosphatase alcaline) ont augmenté de manière significative (P <0,05) chez les Balami et les Soudanais à queue grasse. Des blocages, des reculs, des tentatives d'évasion, des vocalisations, des coups de pied ont été observés parmi les races pendant le transport. En conclusion, à part la perte de poids corporel (PC), le transport à courte distance et de plus courte durée a peu d'effet délétère sur le bien-être des moutons dans la zone d'étude.
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Sumari, Sumari, Aman Santoso, Muhammad Roy Asrori, Yana Fajar Prakasa, and Dinar Rachmadika Baharintasari. "Sono-hydrolysis of banana stem midrib using HY-zeolite from natural sand-based silica as a catalyst." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v11.i4.pp306-311.
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<span>Banana stem midrib has potential as glucose source through catalytic hydrolysis assisted by ultrasonic (sono-hydrolysis). Besides, natural sand-based silica is potential as raw material for zeolite synthesis. The purpose of the study was to do two things: i) characterize HY-zeolite made from natural sand-based silica and ii) determine whether or not HY-zeolite is effective for sono-hydrolysis of banana stem midrib. There was a total of four processes that were carried out, including i) the extraction of silica, ii) the synthesis of HY zeolite, iii) the hydrolysis process, and iv) the glucose content test. The results of the study were gain two things: i) The findings of X-ray florescence </span><span>(XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) on HY-zeolite are 2.3 Si/Al, obtained 2 theta and d-spacing data similarities for HY-zeolite, and formed T-O-T, O-T-O (T = Si/Al), and Si-OH groups respectively; and ii) HY-zeolite with ultrasonic was effective for hydrolyzing cellulose into glucose at maximum temperature and time, 55 °C and 6 hours.</span>
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LIU, Na, Jing ZHANG, Zhecheng ZHANG, Ju ZHU, Li TIAN, Qian LI, and Xianzhu ZENG. "Impact of impaired glucose regulation on the functions of large and small fibers of peripheral nerves." TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 48, no. 6 (December 12, 2018): 1207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/sag-1804-53.
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Gokturk, Huseyin Savas, Mehmet Demir, Nevin Akcaer Ozturk, Gulhan Kanat Unler, Sevsen Kulaksizoglu, Ilknur Kozanoglu, Ender Serin, and Ugur Yilmaz. "The Role of Ascitic Fluid Viscosity in the Differential Diagnosis of Ascites." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 24, no. 4 (2010): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/896786.
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BACKGROUND: Ascites is defined as the pathological accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity. It is the most common complication of cirrhosis, which is also the most common cause of ascites. Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid to deform under shear stress. Plasma viscosity is influenced by the concentration of plasma proteins and lipoproteins, with the major contribution from fibrinogen. To our knowledge, the viscosity of ascitic fluid has not yet been studied.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of ascitic fluid viscosity in discriminating between ascites due to portal hypertension-related and nonportal hypertension-related causes, and to compare results with the serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG).METHODS: The present study involved 142 patients with ascites presenting with diverse medical problems. Serum total protein, albumin, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and complete blood count were obtained for all subjects. Paracentesis was performed routinely on admission and all ascitic fluid samples were evaluated by manual cell count with differential, ascitic fluid culture and biochemistry (total protein, albumin, glucose and LDH). Cultures of ascitic fluid were performed at bedside in all patients using blood culture bottles. Ascitic fluid viscosity was measured in a commercially available cone and plate viscometer.RESULTS: Of the 142 patients studied, 34 (24%) had an SAAG of 11 g/L or less, whereas 108 (76%) had an SAAG of greater than 11 g/L. Sex and mean age did not differ significantly between the two groups (P>0.05). Serum total protein, albumin, glucose, LDH levels, leukocyte count, ascitic fluid glucose levels and ascitic fluid leukocyte counts were similar in both groups, with no statistically significant relationship detected (P>0.05). However, the mean (±SD) ascitic fluid total protein (0.0172±0.1104 g/L versus 0.043±0.011 g/L), albumin (0.0104±0.0064 g/L versus 0.0276±0.0069 g/L) and LDH (102.76±80.95 U/L versus 885.71±199.93 U/L) were found to be higher in patients with an SAAG of 11 g/L or less than in those with an SAAG of greater than 11 g/L (P<0.001). The mean ascitic fluid viscosities were 0.86±0.12 centipoise (cP) and 1.22±0.25 cP in patients with an SAAG greater than 11 g/L and an SAAG of 11 g/L or less, respectively (P<0.001). Although ascitic fluid infection was detected in 35 patients (24.6%) (19 patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, seven patients with culture-negative neutrocytic ascites, three patients with monobacterial non-neutrocytic bacterascites and six patients with secondary bacterial peritonitis), no significant effect on ascitic fluid viscosity was detected. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that ascitic fluid total protein, albumin and LDH levels were independent predictors of ascitic fluid viscosity (P<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of ascitic fluid viscosity for the discrimination between ascites due to portal hypertension-related and nonportal hypertension-related causes according to the SAAG were determined by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Regarding the cut-off value of 1.03 cP, ascitic fluid viscosity measurement had a high sensitivity, specificity (98% and 80%, respectively), and positive and negative predictive value (79% and 94%, respectively) for the etiological discrimination of ascites.CONCLUSION: The measurement of ascitic fluid viscosity correlates significantly with SAAG values. In view of its simplicity, low cost, small sample volume requirement and allowance for measurement in previously frozen samples, measurement of ascites viscosity could be useful for the accurate and rapid classification of ascites.
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KARAGÖZ, Tuğba, Ömer BAYIR, Emel ÇADALLI TATAR, Erman ÇAKAL, Ali ÖZDEK, Kemal KESEROĞLU, Mustafa ŞAHİN, and Mehmet Hakan KORKMAZ. "Prognostic role of homeostasis model assessment and oral glucose tolerance test in nondiabetic patients with Bell’s palsy." TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 44, no. 2 (April 6, 2020): 405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/sag-1901-151.
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Hendrickx, Sarah, and Guy Caljon. "The effect of the sugar metabolism on Leishmania infantum promastigotes inside the gut of Lutzomyia longipalpis: A sweet relationship?" PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 4 (April 6, 2022): e0010293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010293.
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It is well-known that Leishmania parasites can alter the behavior of the sand fly vector in order to increase their transmission potential. However, little is known about the contribution of the infecting host’s blood composition on subsequent sand fly infection and survival. This study focused on the host’s glucose metabolism and the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) pathway as both metabolic processes are known to impact vector-parasite interactions of other protozoa and insect species. The focus of this study was inspired by the observation that the glycemic levels in the blood of infected Syrian golden hamsters inversely correlated to splenic and hepatic parasite burdens. To evaluate the biological impact of these findings on further transmission, Lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies were infected with blood that was artificially supplemented with different physiological concentrations of several monosaccharides, insulin or IGF-1. Normoglycemic levels resulted in transiently higher parasite loads and faster appearance of metacyclics, whereas higher carbohydrate and insulin/IGF-1 levels favored sand fly survival. Although the recorded effects were modest or transient of nature, these observations support the concept that the host blood biochemistry may affect Leishmania transmission and sand fly longevity.
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Butcher, Paul A., Matt K. Broadhurst, and Craig P. Brand. "Mortality of sand whiting (Sillago ciliata) released by recreational anglers in an Australian estuary." ICES Journal of Marine Science 63, no. 3 (January 1, 2006): 567–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2005.10.001.
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Abstract The mortality of hooked-and-released sand whiting (Sillago ciliata) and the key contributing factors were determined during a recreational fishing event in northern New South Wales, Australia. Participating anglers caught 124 sand whiting, of which 60 were tagged with plastic t-bar anchor tags, and then released into replicate sea cages. In all, 109 sand whiting were seined (54 were tagged) and similarly released into replicate sea cages for use as controls. All fish were monitored for mortalities over 7 days. There were no measurable effects of confinement in the sea cages on the stress (measured as concentrations of plasma glucose) of hooked or seined fish. Ten hooked-and-released (four non-tagged, six tagged) and two control (both tagged) sand whiting died during the monitoring period and mostly within 48 h of capture, providing adjusted mortality rates (i.e. accounting for mortalities of control fish) of approximately 6% for total, tagged, and non-tagged fish. Anatomical hook location (oesophagus-ingested hooks) and bait type (beach worms, Australonuphis teres) were significant predictors of mortality (p > 0.05). The results support current recreational fishing gears and practices for the catch and release of sand whiting.
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Graham, Charles J., and Gregory L. Reighard. "ALUMINUM-INDUCED CHANGES IN CARBOHYDRATE CONCENTRATIONS OF PEACH ROOTSTOCKS." HortScience 28, no. 5 (May 1993): 526c—526. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.526c.
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A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the effects of increasing aluminum concentrations on carbohydrate levels of peach. Nemaguard and Lovell peach seedlings were grown in sand culture and irrigated daily with one-fifth strength Hoaglands solution containing A1 rates of 0, 25, 50, and 100 ppm. Beginning at week 6, plants were harvested at two-week intervals over an 8-week treatment period, and tissues (root, stem, and leaf) were analyzed for soluble sugars and starch. Lovell had significantly greater concentrations of root sucrose, glucose, fructose, and sorbitol; stem glucose and fructose; and leaf sucrose, glucose, and fructose. Nemaguard contained significantly greater concentrations of root, stem, and leaf starch and total carbohydrates compared to Lovell. Increasing aluminum concentration resulted in a significant linear increase of starch in the root and stem tissue, but a quadratic response in the leaf tissue of both cultivars. Increasing rates of A1 produced a decreasing curvilinear response in the concentration of glucose and fructose in roots, stems, and leaves. Analysis across harvest dates revealed that glucose and fructose declined curvilinearly in all tissues as the treatment duration increased. Starch concentrations increased curvilinearly in the roots and stems but decreased curvilinearly in the leaves when analyzed across harvest dates.
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Annisa, Rafika, Kartika Manalu, and Rizki Amelia Nasution. "Screening of Antimicrobial Producing Bacteria from Berawe Beach Sand on Kampai Pangkalan Susu Island against Pathogenic Bacteria." Jurnal Biologi Tropis 24, no. 1 (January 11, 2024): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v24i1.6334.
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Sand is naturally a place to live, grow and develop some marine animals and microorganisms, usually bacteria originating from the sea area that have a large number of bioactive compounds that can produce various kinds of secondary metabolites for further production of antimicrobials. The purpose of this study was to obtain bacteria that have the potential to produce antimicrobials and to characterize bacterial isolates on the sand of Berawe Beach, Kampai Island, Pangkalan Susu. In this study several stages were carried out, namely sampling, isolation, purification, morphological characterization, antimicrobial activity test, gram staining, biochemical test and determining the bacterial genus. The results of this study obtained 9 isolates (SP14A. SP15A, SP16A, SP24A, SP24B, SP35A, SP44A, SP44B and SP45A) which have the potential as antimicrobial producers. Characterization of antimicrobial bacterial isolates from the sand of Berawe Beach, Kampai Island, Pangkalan Susu, namely isolate SP14A, which is a gram- positive bacterium in the form of streptobacilli. SP15A, SP24B and SP44B isolates were coccus-shaped gram-positive bacteria. SP16A, SP35A, SP44A and SP45A isolates were gram-positive bacteria in the form of bacilli. And isolate SP24A is a gram-negative bacterium in the form of streptobacilli. All isolates produce catalase enzymes but do not use carbon and energy. Isolates that are motile (SP14A, SP15A, SP16A, SP24A, SP35A, SP44A and SP45A) can ferment glucose while non-motile (SP24B and SP44B) cannot ferment glucose. These bacteria come from the genera Bacillus, Micrococcus, LactoBacillus and Alcaligenes. Species of Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus firmus, LactoBacillus bulgaricus, Micrococcus luteus and Alcaligenes eutrophus.
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Luna, Juliana Moura de, Leonie Sarubbo, and Galba Maria de Campos-Takaki. "A new biosurfactant produced by Candida glabrata UCP 1002: characteristics of stability and application in oil recovery." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 52, no. 4 (August 2009): 785–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132009000400001.
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The production of a new biosurfactant by Candida glabrata UCP1002 was studied to evaluate the influence of the concentration of the cotton seed oil, glucose and yeast extract. The dynamics of the growth and surfactant production were showed for all the cultivation conditions studied. The best emulsification of the n-hexadecane, quantified by the emulsifying index was observed in the medium containing 7.5% cotton seed oil, 5% glucose and 0.3% yeast extract. The isolated biosurfactant showed a CMC of 2.5% and the surface tension at that point showed to be 31mN/m. The potential application of the biosurfactant in oil recovery from the sand, in acid and alkaline environments and over exposure to high salinity and different temperatures was demonstrated by the percentage of oil removal and by the stability of the surface tension, respectively.
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Bouguerra, S. Aouichat, Y. Benazzoug, F. Bekkhoucha, and M. C. Bourdillon. "Effect of High Glucose Concentration on Collagen Synthesis and Cholesterol Level in the Phenotypic Modulation of Aortic Cultured Smooth Muscle Cells of Sand Rat (Psammomys obesus)." Experimental Diabesity Research 5, no. 3 (2004): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15438600490489793.
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To simulate diabetic conditions, the effects of high glucose concentration on collagen synthesis and cholesterol level in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells ofPsammomyswere investigated. For collagen biosynthesis, smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were incubated in synthetic proliferative phase and in postconfluent phase withH3-proline. Cellular cholesterol was determined by enzymatic method. Under high glucose concentration, the results showed morphological modifications characterized by morphometric cellular, nuclear, and nucleolar changes. In biochemical studies, the authors observed an increase of free and esterified cellular cholesterol as well as of total proteins, collagen biosynthesis, andα1 (I+III) andα2 (I) chains of collagen contained in the SMCs and in the extracellular matrix. These results showed the sensitivity ofPsammomysaortic SMCs to high glucose concentration and would constitute an interesting cellular model to study atherosclerosis pathogeny in experimental diabetes.
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Sun, Na, Yi Wang, Sanjay K. Gupta, and Carl J. Rosen. "Potato Tuber Chemical Properties in Storage as Affected by Cultivar and Nitrogen Rate: Implications for Acrylamide Formation." Foods 9, no. 3 (March 18, 2020): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9030352.
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Recently released potato cultivars Dakota Russet and Easton were bred for low reducing sugars, and low acrylamide-forming potential in French fries. The objectives of this study were to determine: (1) the effects of nitrogen rate and storage time on tuber glucose concentrations in different cultivars; (2) the relationships between acrylamide, glucose, and asparagine for the new cultivars and Russet Burbank. The study was conducted at Becker, Minnesota over a period of two years on a loamy sand soil under irrigated conditions. All cultivars were subjected to five N rates from 135 to 404 kg ha−1 in a randomized complete block design. Following harvest, tubers were stored at 7.8 °C and sampled at 0, 16, and 32 weeks. Dakota Russet and Easton had significantly lower concentrations of stem- and bud-end glucose, asparagine, and acrylamide than those of Russet Burbank in both years. The effect of storage time on glucose concentration was significant but differed with cultivar and year. N rate effects on stem- and bud-end glucose concentrations were cultivar and storage time dependent. After 16 weeks of storage, both asparagine and acrylamide concentrations linearly increased with increasing N rate. Glucose concentration was positively correlated with acrylamide concentration (r2 = 0.61). Asparagine concentration was also positively correlated with acrylamide concentration (r2 = 0.45) when the asparagine:glucose ratio was <1.306. The correlation between fry color and stem-end glucose concentration was significant over three cultivars in both years, but stronger in a growing season with minimal environmental stress. Taken together, these results suggest that while acrylamide formation during potato processing is a complex process affected by agronomic practices, environmental conditions during the growing season, and storage conditions, cultivar selection may be the most reliable method to minimize acrylamide in fried products.
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Oviya, Rajendiran, Gunasekaran Sobanbabu, Palaniappan Anbazhagan, Natarajan Revathy, Palani Mahalakshmi, Karunakaran Manonmani, Petchimuthu Mareeswari, et al. "Studying Soil Ecology and Growth Conditions of Phellorinia herculeana, a Wild Edible Mushroom." Processes 10, no. 9 (September 7, 2022): 1797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10091797.
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Phellorinia herculeana is an edible mushroom growing in nutritionally poor and desert soil. There has been little information available about its edaphic and culturing conditions for achieving the vigorous mycelial growth essential for its artificial cultivation, bioaugmentation and biodegradation in unfertile soil. Thus, the present study was conducted to assess its edaphic conditions and find a suitable culturing medium for obtaining maximum growth. It grows commonly in coastal soil with saline conditions, barren land soil unfit for cultivation, and desert soil. It forms a basidiocarp singly around xerophytic trees and annual plants and also in soil without vegetation. In addition to a well-developed pileus and stipe, it has a typical rhizoid that grows horizontally in soil. The rhizoid was thick at the base of the stipe and became thin into the mycelial strand. In our earlier study, we reported that its mycelial growth was very poor on nutrient-rich media containing simple sugar, for example, glucose. In the present study, we observed that cereal-grain-based agar media supported its mycelial growth and among the cereal-grain-based agar media, maize agar medium at the 5% level supported the maximum mycelial growth. Incorporation of glucose into the maize agar medium reduced its mycelial growth compared to its growth on maize agar medium without glucose. Its mycelial growth was at a maximum between 34 °C and 37 °C and at a pH between 7 and 8. Mass multiplication using sand-maize medium prepared at the ratio of 19:1 (sand: maize) supported the maximum mycelial growth. The results of this study would certainly pave a way for the scientific community to develop a protocol for its artificial cultivation and also for its mass multiplication, bioaugmentation and biodegradation in unfertile soil.
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Eryomin, A. N., A. P. Drozhdenyuk, G. K. Zhavnerko, T. V. Semashko, and R. V. Mikhailova. "Quartz Sand as an Adsorbent for Purification of Extracellular Glucose Oxidase from Penicillium funiculosum 46.1." Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology 40, no. 2 (March 2004): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:abim.0000018918.34739.ae.
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Madar, Z., A. Hazan, and A. Pollack. "Beneficial effects of acarbose on daily plasma glucose profile and cataract development in sand rats." Eye 8, no. 3 (May 1994): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/eye.1994.74.
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Henderson, Joan, Stephen Barnett, Abhijeet Ghosh, Allan J. Pollack, Adam Hodgkins, Khin Than Win, Graeme C. Miller, and Andrew Bonney. "Validation of electronic medical data: Identifying diabetes prevalence in general practice." Health Information Management Journal 48, no. 1 (October 3, 2018): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1833358318798123.
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Background: Electronic medical records are increasingly used for research with limited external validation of their data. Objective: This study investigates the validity of electronic medical data (EMD) for estimating diabetes prevalence in general practitioner (GP) patients by comparing EMD with national Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health (BEACH) data. Method: A “decision tree” was created using inclusion/exclusion of pre-agreed variables to determine the probability of diabetes in absence of diagnostic label, including diagnoses (coded/free-text diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose), diabetic annual cycle of care (DACC), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) > 6.5%, and prescription (metformin, other diabetes medications). Via SQL query, cases were identified in EMD of five Illawarra and Southern Practice Network practices (30,007 active patients; from 2 years to January 2015). Patient-based Supplementary Analysis of Nominated Data (SAND) sub-studies from BEACH investigating diabetes prevalence (1172 GPs; 35,162 patients; November 2012 to February 2015) were comparison data. SAND results were adjusted for number of GP encounters per year, per patient, and then age–sex standardised to match age–sex distribution of EMD patients. Cluster-adjusted 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for both datasets. Results: EMD diabetes prevalence (T1 and/or T2) was 6.5% (95% CI: 4.1–8.9). Following age–sex standardisation, SAND prevalence, not significantly different, was 6.7% (95% CI: 6.3–7.1). Extracting only coded diagnosis missed 13.0% of probable cases, subsequently identified through the presence of metformin/other diabetes medications (*without other indicator variables) (6.1%), free-text diabetes label (3.8%), HbA1c result* (1.6%), DACC* (1.3%), and diabetes medications* (0.2%). Discussion: While complex, proxy variables can improve usefulness of EMD for research. Without their consideration, EMD results should be interpreted with caution. Conclusion: Enforceable, transparent data linkages in EMRs would resolve many problems with identification of diagnoses. Ongoing data quality improvement remains essential.
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El-Taravi, Y. A., D. V. Baimukhambetova, C. L. Gorlenko, H. Yu Kiseljow, I. Iu Kokhanovskaia, A. I. Burotina, E. S. Rassadina, N. S. Martirosian, and N. A. Petunina. "Management of diabetes during Ramadan: an update for Russian-speaking doctors." Diabetes mellitus 26, no. 1 (February 10, 2023): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/dm12972.
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Fasting during the Islamic Ramadan month is one of the five obligatory pillars for each adult, healthy, and sane Muslim. People with severe illnesses, including type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus are exempt from fasting. However, many Muslims often insist on Ramadan participating despite any medical advises. It’s known that Muslims are the second largest religious group in Russia; thus, its crucial to have as much modern recommendation for management patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus as possible. The aim of this narrative review is to evaluate physiological and pathophysiological metabolism changing during holy Ramadan month, to clarify the management of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus during Ramadan, to determine the frequency of glucose measuring during the day, and to understand when its time to interrupt the fasting. Moreover, we discuss specific recommendations in glucose-lowering therapy changing, nutrition, physical activities and education.
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Ayodele, A. D., G. O. Tayo, M. D. Olumide, O. A. Adeyemi, and A. S. Akanbi. "Haematological and serum biochemical responses of pullet chicks fed diets containing single and combined levels of turmeric and clove." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 48, no. 3 (March 6, 2021): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v48i3.2962.
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The increased pressure on the poultry industry to encourage organic livestock and poultry production has stimulated increased interest in natural consumer accepted growth promoters. Most of the information on the benefits of turmeric and clove concentrate on broiler chickens and there is no documentation on the synergistic effect of turmeric and clove. This study was conducted to assess the effect of Turmeric, Clove and Turmeric + Clove on haematological and serum biochemical indices of pullet chicks. A total of 504, day old pullet chicks (Isa brown) were used for the experiment. The Chicks were divided into 36 groups of 14 each weighed and allotted into experimental units. A total of nine experimental diets were formulated such that they contained 0, 1 and 2% turmeric, 0, 1 and 2% clove, and 0, 1 and 2% turmeric + clove combination on a 1:1 basis, respectively. The chicks in the different experimental units were randomly assigned to the 9 experimental diets in a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement (turmeric x clove x turmeric + clove: 0 x 1 x 2), replicated four times. The experiment lasted 56 days. Blood samples were collected from the wing vein at the 56th day of the experiment and evaluated for their haematological and serum biochemical indices. Birds fed turmeric and clove diets had significantly (p<0.05) higher PCV value than those fed turmeric + clove diet while those fed turmeric had significantly (p<0.05) higher Hb and RBC than the other treatment groups. The other parameters measured were unaffected by the treatments except for the significantly (p<0.05) higher MCV value in birds fed clove diet when compared with turmeric diet group. Birds fed diets containing 2% turmeric, clove or turmeric + clove had significantly (p<0.05) higher Hb and RBC, and lower MCV values than those fed 0 and 1% diets. Inclusion of clove in the diet significantly (p<0.05) decreased the creatinine value of the birds when compared with the turmeric and turmeric + clove diet groups but all the other parameters determined were unaffected. Birds fed 0% turmeric, clove or turmeric + clove had significantly (p<0.05) lower total protein, albumin, globulin, ALP and higher glucose, AST, uric acid, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL values than those fed 1 and 2% diets. Birds fed the 1% turmeric diet recorded the least cholesterol value, across the treatment groups. It was concluded that up to 2% turmeric, clove and TUM+CLV can be included in pullet chick's diet without any detrimental effect on their health status.
La pression accrue exercée sur l'industrie avicole pour encourager l'élevage biologique et la production avicole a stimulé un intérêt accru pour les promoteurs de sa croissance acceptés par les consommateurs naturels. La plupart des informations sur les avantages du curcuma et du clou de girofle se concentrent sur les poulets de gril et il n'y a aucune documentation sur l'effet synergique du curcuma et du clou de girofle. Cette étude a été menée pour évaluer l'effet du curcuma, du clou de girofle et du curcuma + clou de girofle sur les indices biochimiques hématologiques et sériques des poussins pullet. Un total de 504 poussins de poulet d'un jour (Isa brown) ont été utilisés pour l'expérience. Les poussins ont été divisés en 36 groupes de 14 chacun pesés et attribués en unités expérimentales. Un total de neuf régimes expérimentaux ont été formulés de telle sorte qu'ils contenaient 0, 1 et 2% de curcuma, 0, 1 et 2% clou de girofle, et 0, 1 et 2% de curcuma + combinaison de clous de girofle sur une base 1:1, respectivement. Les poussins des différentes unités expérimentales ont été assignés au hasard aux 9 régimes expérimentaux dans un arrangement factorial de 3 x 3 (curcuma x clou de girofle x curcuma + clou de girofle : 0 x 1 x 2), répliqué quatre fois. L'expérience a duré 56 jours. Des échantillons de sang ont été prélevés dans la veine de l'aile au 56e jour de l'expérience et évalués pour leurs indices biochimiques hématologiques et sériques. Les oiseaux nourris au curcuma et aux clous de girofle avaient une valeur de PCV significativement (p<0.05) plus élevée que ceux nourris au curcuma + clou de girofle, tandis que ceux nourris au curcuma avaient significativement (p<0.05) plus élevé Hb et RBC que les autres groupes de traitement. Les autres paramètres mesurés n'ont pas été affectés par les traitements, à l'exception de la valeur significativement (p<0.05) plus élevée de MCV chez les oiseaux nourris au régime de clou de girofle par rapport au groupe de régime de curcuma. Les oiseaux nourris avec un régime alimentaire contenant 2 % de curcuma, de clou de girofle ou de curcuma + clou de girofle avaient des taux de Hb et de RBC considérablement (p<0.05) plus élevés, et des valeurs de MCV inférieures à celles des régimes nourris à 0 et 1 %. L'inclusion du clou de girofle dans le régime alimentaire de manière significative (p<0.05) a diminué la valeur créatinine des oiseaux par rapport aux groupes de régime de curcuma et de curcuma + clou de girofle, mais tous les autres paramètres déterminés n'ont pas été affectés. Les oiseaux nourris à 0 % de curcuma, de clou de girofle ou de curcuma + clou de girofle avaient des valeurs significativement (p<0.05) inférieures au total des protéines, de l'albumine, de la globuline, de l'ALP et du glucose plus élevé, de l'AST, de l'acide urique, du triglycéride, du LDL et du VLDL que ceux nourris à 1 et 2 %. Les oiseaux nourris au régime de 1 % de curcuma ont enregistré la valeur de cholestérol la moins élevée dans les groupes de traitement. Il a été conclu que jusqu'à 2% de curcuma, clou de girofle et TUM +CLV peuvent être inclus dans le régime alimentaire du poussin pullet sans aucun effet néfaste sur leur état de santé.
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Komiya, Erika, Shouhei Takamatsu, Daimei Miura, Kaori Tsukakoshi, Wakako Tsugawa, Koji Sode, Kazunori Ikebukuro, and Ryutaro Asano. "Exploration of DNA Binding Proteins As a Versatile Tool for Fabrication of DNA-Protein Complexes and Its Application to Biosensing System." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 63 (December 22, 2023): 3010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02633010mtgabs.
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Introduction DNA-protein complexes composed of a DNA aptamer and an enzyme are useful to realize innovative biosensing systems; however, the stoichiometric and efficient fabrication method for DNA-protein complexes is yet to be developed. Chemical modification using amino acids on the surface of the protein is known as one irreversible conjugation way to fabricate DNA-protein complexes, but stoichiometric conjugation and retention of protein function to ensure high detection sensitivity are still a challenge. Therefore, in recent years, DNA binding proteins that covalently bind to specific DNA sequences have been utilized to fabricate DNA-protein complexes and applied as sensing elements. However, the binding efficiency to DNA of the DNA binding protein was low, which caused a decrease in detection sensitivity. Here, we introduce our challenge to utilize DNA binding proteins with high DNA binding ability as a versatile tool suitable for the fabrication of DNA-protein complexes. By fusing such DNA binding proteins to protein of interest, can be covalently linked to the fusion protein, leading to the preparation of stoichiometric DNA-protein complexes universally and conveniently (Fig. 1). We demonstrated the feasibility to construct a biosensing system of hemoglobin (Hb), composed of glucose oxidase (GOx) and anti-Hb aptamer as a representative example. Results & Discussion We explored the DNA binding proteins that can covalently bind to specific DNA sequences using the database to fabricate the stoichiometric and stable DNA-protein complex. Seventeen candidates were selected and classified into two families: HUH-endonuclease and uracil DNA glycosylase. We then selected three kinds of HUH-endonucleases: Rep domain of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), replication protein B (RepB), and conjugation transfer relaxase/helicase TraI (TraI). We expected them to have high recombinant production in the E. coli expression system because TYLCV and RepB have a relatively low molecular weight and TraI is derived from E. coli. We also selected UdgX because it is the only uracil DNA glycosylase known to form covalent bonds with DNA after removing uracil that aberrantly exists on DNA1). Thus, four DNA binding proteins with the ability to covalently bind to DNA were selected for further characterization. The binding ability of the four DNA binding proteins was compared. Each DNA binding protein was reacted with single stranded DNA (ssDNA) containing the corresponding recognition sequence and subjected to SDS-PAGE analysis. An ssDNA-dependent concentration band shift to higher molecular weight was observed for all DNA binding proteins upon covalent binding to each ssDNA. Based on the band quantification, we confirmed that UdgX had the highest binding efficiency and thus we used UdgX in following experiments. We attempted to detect Hb utilizing a biosensing element composed of GOx and anti-Hb aptamer fabricated using UdgX. We recently successfully integrated a protein coupling module, SpyCatcher/Tag system, into the universal fabrication method of sensing elements2-4). GOx and UdgX were also conjugated using SpyCatcher/SpyTag system, and then reacted with anti-Hb aptamer to fabricate aptamer-GOx complex. Hb has peroxidase activity and catalyzes chemiluminescence of luminol. Therefore, by using the aptamer-GOx complex, hydrogen peroxide produced by GOx is supplied to the Hb efficiently, and chemiluminescence of luminol is observed (Fig. 2). We confirmed homogeneous preparation of the aptamer-GOx complex by SDS-PAGE, and also the binding ability of aptamer and enzymatic activity of GOx. Using thus prepared DNA-protein complex, Hb was successfully detected with a high linearity in buffer and also in human serum without any washing procedures. The detection range was 4.0×10-3 to 32×10-3 g/L, this can meet the clinically required one (70 to 200 g/L) by diluting an actual sample. Because this system uses redox enzyme, it can be applied into the electrochemical measurement to achieve more rapid Hb detection. In this system, owing to integration of DNA binding protein and SpyCatcher/SpyTag system into sensing elements, a set of DNA aptamer and enzyme can be also easily exchanged, thus which has potential of various applications. References 1) P. B. Sang et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 43, 8452–8463 (2015). 2) H. Kimura et al., Anal. Chem., 90, 14500-14506 (2018). 3) H. Kimura et al., Biosens. Bioelectron., 175, 112885 (2021). 4) D. Miura et al., Talanta, 234, 122638 (2021). Figure 1
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González Clavijo, Angélica María, Luis Felipe Fierro Maya, Jorge Eduardo Caminos, José Alexander Carreño, and Maria Fernanda Garcés. "No existe la obesidad metabólicamente sana." Revista Colombiana de Endocrinología, Diabetes & Metabolismo 5, no. 3 (August 17, 2018): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.53853/encr.5.3.429.
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Introducción: La expresión Obesidad Metabólicamente Sana (ObMS) hace referencia a un subgrupo de pacientes obesos que no presentan síndrome metabólico y, por consecuencia, parecen tener menos complicaciones cardiovasculares(1).Objetivo: Describir cuáles son las características bioquímicas y antropométricas por composición corporal que diferencian a los obesos metabólicamente sanos de los obesos metabólicamente enfermos.Materiales y métodos: Es un estudio de corte transversal con sujetos hombres obesos con edades entre 18 y 30 años, a quienes se les midió porcentaje de grasa total, androide y ginecoide por composición corporal, niveles plasmáticos de Colesterol total, HDL, LDL, VLDL, triglicéridos, glucemia, PCR, insulina, leptina, adiponectina, galanina, testosterona total y estradiol en ayunas y se les practicó una prueba de tolerancia a la glucosa oral (PTOG) para medición de glucemia, insulina y galanina y se les determinó el índice de insulinorresistencia por HOMA-IR.Resultados: Se encontraron 16 pacientes con ObMS y 14 pacientes ObME. Se observó hiperinsulinismo basal y HOMA- IR elevado entre los sujetos con ObMS, aunque en menor magnitud que en el grupo de ObME (p=0,009).También se encontraron niveles elevados de leptina, galanina y proteína C reactiva entre los ObMS, equiparables a los de los ObME y niveles reducidos de adiponectina, en la misma magnitud entre ambos grupos de sujetos.Conclusiones: Encontramos que la insulina basal, el HOMA- IR, la leptina, la galanina, el PCR y la adiponectina se encuentran alterados entre los sujetos ObMS, en la misma magnitud que entre los ObME, sugiriendo que las alteraciones bioquímicas son hallazgos mucho más tempranos que los cambios en las variables clínicas que definen al síndrome metabólico.
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Zhao, Li, Wang, Qi, Zhang, Wang, and Liu. "A New Strain of Bacillus tequilensis CGMCC 17603 Isolated from Biological Soil Crusts: A Promising Sand-Fixation Agent for Desertification Control." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 18, 2019): 6501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226501.
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In arid and semi-arid desert ecosystems, physical, chemical, and vegetative measures were used to prevent wind erosion. However, studies on the utilization of microbial resources for sand fixation are still limited. To fill this gap, a new strain of Bacillus tequilensis CGMCC 17603 with high productivity of exopolysaccharide (EPS) was isolated from biological soil crusts, and its high-density culture technology and sand-fixing ability were studied. The one-factor-at-a-time approach (OFAT) and Box–Behnken design of CGMCC 17603 showed that the optimum culture conditions were pH 8.5, temperature 31 °C, agitation speed 230 rpm, and inoculation quantity 3%, and the optimum medium was 27.25 g/L glucose, 15.90 g/L yeast extract, and 5.61 g/L MgSO4•7H2O. High-density culture showed that the biomass and EPS yield of CGMCC 17603 increased from 9.62 × 107 to 2.33 × 109 CFU/mL, and from 8.01 to 15.61 g/L, respectively. The field experiments showed that CGMCC 17603 could effectively improve the ability of sand fixation and wind prevention. These results indicated that B. tequilensis, first isolated from cyanobacterial crusts, can be considered as an ideal soil-fixing agent to combat desertification in arid and semi-arid areas.
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Lee, Dong Chae, Hyeonji Kang, Veeraya Weerawongwiwat, Beomjoon Kim, Young-Wan Choi, and Wonyong Kim. "Oceanobacillus chungangensis sp. nov., isolated from a sand dune." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_10 (October 1, 2013): 3666–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.046441-0.
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A Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming, rod-shaped, motile, strictly aerobic bacterial strain, designated CAU 1051T, was isolated from a sand dune and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Strain CAU 1051T grew optimally at pH 5.0 and 30 °C. NaCl was not required for growth but up to 10.0 % (w/v) NaCl was tolerated. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain CAU 1051T formed a distinct lineage within the genus Oceanobacillus and was most closely related to Oceanobacillus profundus CL-MP28T, Oceanobacillus caeni S-11T, and Oceanobacillus picturae LMG 19492T (96.8 %, 95.6 % and 95.3 % similarity, respectively). DNA–DNA reassociation analysis showed that strain CAU 1051T displayed 28.2±0.7 % relatedness to O. profundus KCTC 13625T. Strain CAU 1051T contained MK-7 as the only isoprenoid quinone and anteiso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acid. The cell wall peptidoglycan of strain CAU 1051T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The polar lipids were composed of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, six unidentified phospholipids, an unidentified glycolipid, and six unidentified polar lipids. The major whole-cell sugars were glucose and ribose. The DNA G+C content was 36.3 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic data and phylogenetic inference, strain CAU 1051T represents a novel species of the genus Oceanobacillus for which the name Oceanobacillus chungangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CAU 1051T ( = KCTC 33035T = CCUG 63270T).