Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Glucose – sang'
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Renaudin, Corinne. "Effets de l'insuline et du glucose sur l'hémodynamique microcirculatoire : étude chez des rats sains, diabétiques ou insulino-résistants." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0052.
Full textThe aim of this study was to determine if hyperglycemia associated with hyper-insulinemia, as there are observed in postprandial situations, may exert, in addition to their metabolic effects, microvascular hemodynamic effects on normal, diabetic (STZ) or insulin resistant rats (fructose 10% in drinking water). In fasted anesthetized rats, the spihotrapezius muscle was isolated and exteriorized for in situ visualization of the skeletal precapillary arterioles (diameter < 20 μm) by intra-vital microscopy in transillumination. The diameter and the vasomotion were recorded and measured (using offline a image processing analysis) during basal period and after intravenous infusion of glucose (1. 5 g/kg) or isotonic saline. Glucose infusion induced an elevation of hyperglycemia and hyper-insulinemia associated to a vasoconstriction and to an elevation of arterioles presenting vasomotion in normal rats whereas no vasoconstriction was observed in STZ rats and Fructose rats. Moreover, the vasomotion was not stimulated by glucose in these animals which also showed a glucose uptake defect. Our results suggested that in prediabetic or diabetic states, the lack of arteriolar vasoconstriction and vasomotion which occurs during hyperglycemie episodes could contribute to capillary hyperperfusion which, repeated, may favor the evolution of microvascular complications and, in addition, may contribute to glucose intolerance of muscular tissues
Brun, Jean-Frédéric. "Influence des facteurs métaboliques de la glycorégulation sur la rhéologie sanguine : application à la physiologie de l'exercice physique." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11280.
Full textEch-Cherif, El-Kettani Samya Moussamih. "Cyclosporine A et régulation de la glycémie : approche chronopharmacologique." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30214.
Full textCurto, Tirado Ariadna 1987. "Exposure to air pollution and links with cardiometabolic health in low- and middle-income countries." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666202.
Full textEls objectius d’aquesta tesi són: 1) avaluar el rendiment dels monitors de qualitat de l’aire de baix cost per monitoritzar l’exposició a llarg termini en àrees rurals en països de renda baixa o mitjana; 2) identificar els determinants de l’exposició personal a la contaminació de l’aire en dones d’una àrea semi-rural de Moçambic; i 3) avaluar les associacions a llarg termini entre l’exposició ambiental a la contaminació de l’aire i la salut cardiometabòlica en adults d’una àrea peri-urbana de la Índia. Hem utilitzat dades provinents de: un estudi experimental, un estudi observacional i un estudi epidemiològic transversal (CHAI). Resultats principals: 1) el rendiment de monitors de baix cost encara no és prou fiable per reemplaçar a monitors més cars i establerts en recerca; 2) la il·luminació amb querosè va incrementar l’exposició personal a la contaminació de l‘aire en dones de Moçambic; 3) l’exposició a llarg termini de la contaminació de l’aire està associada a una major pressió arterial en dones de la Índia; i 4) no hem trobat evidència que la exposició a la contaminació de l’aire estigui associada a nivells més alts de glucosa en sang a la Índia peri-urbana.
Gsell, Willy. "Etude du couplage cérébrovasculaire chez le rat : implication des récepteurs glutamatergiques NMDA et AMPA." Caen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CAEN2011.
Full textCadet, Marine. "Vers la conception d’une biopile enzymatique à glucose/oxygène efficace en milieu biologique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0260/document.
Full textThe first part of the work presented here focuses on the optimization of an oxygen cathode. First, the use of a new enzyme (BOD from Magnaporthe oryzae) permit to increase the current of reduction of oxygen into water by a factor nine. Then the synthesis of a suitable redox polymer greatly improved the diffusion coefficient of electrons in the hydrogel, resulting in an increase of the current density. Finally we switched from a two-dimensional carbon electrode to a three-dimensional porous gold fiber. After modification of the fiber with the redox hydrogel based on BOD from M. oryzae, we assessed its biocompatibility: in vitro the tests showed the total absence of cytotoxicity and only a very low inflammatory response; in vivo noinfection appeared during the 8 weeks of implantation in mice and the formation of afibrotic capsule around the device reflects its successful integration into the animal tissues.The second part concerns the full biofuel cell, elaborated from the optimized cathode and an adapted GDH-based anode. It could generate up to 240 μW.cm-2 at 5mMglucose in Pipes/CaCl2 buffer. The biofuel cell was then tested in whole human blood. A maximum of 129 μW.cm-2 was obtained in a sample with 8,2 mM glycaemiaunder air. In addition we observed that the delivered power density increased proportionally with the glycaemia of the different blood samples tested, making the biofuel cell both a power source and a glucose biosensor at the same time which had never been shown before
Moussa, Elie. "Influence des facteurs méthodologiques sur les réponses plasmatiques à l'exercice de sprint : effet de la variation du volume plasmatique et de la durée de l'exercice sur les concentrations plasmatiques en lactate, glucose et hormones glucorégulatrices." Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20006.
Full textThe @purpose of this thesis was to determine the effect of the plasma volume variations (PVV) and the duration of the sprint exercise on plasma lactate ([La]pl) and plasma glucose responses in sprinters (S), endurance-trained (ET) and untrained (UT) male subjects. . Our results indicated that sprint exercise is associated with a decrease in PV, significantly higher in S than in ET and UT. This hemoconcentration induced an increase in measured [La]pl. Consequently, PVV must be taken into account in the interpretation of biochemical data and specifically [La]pl. . In addition, our results showed that the sprint exercise duration affects the plasma glucose levels and the glucoregulatory hormone concentrations in untrained subjects. Indeed, plasma glucose increase was less after the long sprint due probably to a higher muscular intake. . In conclusion, this work helps to better understand some discrepancies concerning the mechanisms of glucoregulation during the sprint exercise
Bourdil, Sylvie. "La biologie délocalisée : applications en diabétologie, anesthésie-réanimation et cardiologie." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2P050.
Full textOviedo, Castillo Silvia. "Forecasting and decision support for type 1 diabetes insulin therapy using machine learning." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667332.
Full textLa teràpia amb insulina per a pacients amb T1D tenen vàries ramificacions amb diferents graus d’automatització. Els avenços en sensors i dispositius de monitorització comporten un increment en la disponibilitat de dades. A més a més, l’ús d’algoritmes d’aprenentatge automàtic s’han popularitzat, facilitant així el desenvolupament de models per pronosticar Glucosa en Sang (GS) amb major facilitat. No obstant això, preveure els nivells de GS és una tasca complexa per a finestres de predicció més enllà de 30 minuts, i més encara, amb dades errònies o absents, la qual cosa és una limitació molt freqüent en aquest camp. Aquesta tesis està dedicada a la generació de models basats en aprenentatge automàtic per predir ja siguin nivells de GS utilitzant algoritmes de regressió o hipoglucèmia postprandial utilitzant algoritmes de classificació. L’aplicació d’aquests models van des de la teràpia de múltiples injeccions diàries (MID), fins a la teràpia SAP
Camara, Alioune. "Facteurs associés au mauvais contrôle glycémique dans une population de diabétiques de type 2 de l’Afrique Sub-saharienne." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1B004/document.
Full textDespite several studies showing the benefits of good glycemic control , it is insufficient for a significant number of adults with type 2 diabetes. Several risk factors are associated with poor glycemic control . Inadequate consideration by patients immediate and long-term poor glycemic control may also play a role. The objectives of this thesis were : determine the frequency of poor glycemic control , defined as a glycated hemoglobin ( HbA1c) ≥ 7.0% in diabetic subjects with type 2 in sub- Saharan Africa ; determine the associations between poor glycemic control and potential risk factors in type 2 diabetes in sub- Saharan Africa ; determine the frequency of symptoms of anxiety and depression and risk factors associated with these conditions in type 2 diabetes in sub- Saharan Africa. Cross-sectional data for inclusion in the study "Improving access to HbA1c in sub- Saharan Africa " conduct in Cameroon and Guinea were used. HbA1c values have allowed the diabetic population dichotomized into two groups: those with good (HbA1c <7.0 %) or those with bad (HbA1c ≥ 7.0%) glycemic control. Models of binary logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between potential risk factors and glycemic control . Analyses were conducted using SAS software . Adjusted for sociodemographic variables , clinical and psychosocial variables varied multi models were produced . The results showed that the percentage of type 2 diabetics with poor glycemic control is higher in Cameroon (68% of subjects with HbA1c ≥ 7.0 %) and Guinea (84% of subjects) . The main predictors of poor glycemic control were highlighted : the inclusion in Guinea, less than 65 years age, duration of more than 2 years known diabetes , treatment with oral anti diabetic with or without insulin and the absence of previous measurements of HbA1c . Symptoms of anxiety and depression in type 2 diabetes were common in Guinea ( respectively 34.4 % and 58.7 % of subjects) . A high HbA1c level ( above 9% ) , the urban residence and level of socio -economic status were significantly associated with a higher risk of anxiety or depression risk
Meza, Fernández Geraldine Alexandra. "Delivery de comida para diabéticos « Glucook »." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/621993.
Full textTrabajo de investigación
Berlier, Jessica. "Identification de facteurs favorisant la survie des cellules souches mésenchymateuses humaines carencées en sérum." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/235574.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Médecine)
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Díaz, Vargas Edgar Martín. "Test no estresante en relación a los niveles de glucosa en gestantes del tercer trimestre del Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño San Bartolomé : marzo del 2010." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/13395.
Full textLa presente investigación estudia los efectos de la glucosa materna unida a la prueba de bienestar fetal: Test No Estresante. En especial, evaluar si la glucosa materna puede alterar los estados conductuales fetales, resultando esto en una menor cantidad de falsos positivos en las pruebas no reactivas, para ello se realizo un estudio descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo de tipo observacional. La muestra estuvo conformada por todas las gestantes que fueron atendidas en el Servicio de Obstetricia, Unidad de Bienestar Fetal del Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño “San Bartolomé” durante el mes de Marzo del 2010. Los instrumentos empleados estuvieron conformados por un formulario precodificado, hoja de consentimiento informado, Glucómetro Accu–Chek116, Monitor Sonicaid TEAM, Registro gráfico del Test No Estresante. En base a las conclusiones del estudio se puede afirma que la realización del Test No Estresante no amerita la administración materna de glucosa.
Trabajo académico
Bailliez, Vincent. "Nouvelle méthode de préparation de 1,6-anhydro-β-D-glucopyranose sur support solide et sans solvant sous irradiation micro-ondes : étude de réactions de substitution avec les azotures alcalins sous irradiation micro-ondes et préparation de produits polyazotés de glucose : synthèse d'analogues de la Fattiviracine." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112036.
Full textDuring the preparation of this doctoral dissertation, several themes have been considered and dealt with. We have elaborated a new method of preparation of 1,6- anhydro-d-glycopyranose. Satisfactory yields were obtained utilizing solid support (basic alumina), without solvent, under microwave irradiation. The new method is highly economical and can readily be extended to the preparation of large amounts of material. A methodological investigation has also been accomplished for substitution reactions in the presence of azide ions under microwave irradiation. Our study has been completing similar researches on the chemistry of carbohydrates, previously achieved in the laboratory applying classical reactions under conditions of microwave irradiation. We were also interested in the synthesis of polynitrogenated derivatives of d-glucose. Starting from levoglucosane, the synthesis of two tetra-nitrogenated derivatives have been carried out. Eventually, we have undertaken the synthesis of fattivlracine that new antiviral agent exhibits a remarkable activity against herpes virus, influenza virus, varicella virus as well as hiv-1. Fattiviracine is an eighteen-membered macrolide encompassing two molecules of d-glucose and carrying two side-chains. We are aware of two other natural products of closely related istructures cycloviracine and glucolipsine, exhibiting rather similar biological activities. The structural difference between the three compounds involve the constitution of their side-chain. Starting from levoglucosane and the readily available s-malic acid, we have synthesised, in ten steps, the common macrolide unit of this family of natural product. Our synthetic scheme, involving a limited number of steps, to obtain the macrocyclic core of these substances make it a valuable procedure for the synthesis of analogues of cyclovlracine and glucolipsine. As a matter of fact, the addition to the macrocycle of various types of side-chains may be now considered
Iglesias, Rodriguez Lorena L. "Évaluation d’un prototype de détecteur de glucose dans le tissu interstitiel sans aiguille, le PGS (Photonic Glucose Sensor)." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5353.
Full textObjective: To determine the reliability and precision of a prototype of a non-invasive device for continuous measurement of interstitial glucose, the PGS (Photonic Glucose Sensor), using multi-level glycaemic clamp. Methods: The PGS was evaluated in 13 subjects with type 1 diabetes. Two PGS were tested with each subject, one on each triceps, to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility and accuracy compared to the reference technique, the glucose analyzer Beckman®. Each subject was submitted to a multi-level 8 hour glucose clamp at 3, 5, 8 and 12 mmol / L, 2 hours each. Results: The correlation between the PGS and the Beckman® was 0.70. For the detection of hypoglycaemia, the sensitivity was 63.4%, the specificity 91.6%, the positive predictive value (PPV) 71.8% and the negative predictive value (NPV) 88.2%. For the detection of hyperglycaemia, the sensitivity was 64.7% the specificity 92%, the PPV 70.8% and the NPV: 89.7%. The ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) curve showed an accuracy of 0.86 and 0.87 for hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia respectively. Reproducibility according to the Clark Error Grid was 88% in the A and B zone. Conclusion: The performance of the PGS was comparable or better than other continuous glucose monitoring devices on the market (Freestyle® Navigator, Medtronic Guardian® RT, Dexcom® STS-7) with the advantage that it has no needle. It is therefore an interesting device and hopefully, which could facilitate the monitoring in the intensive treatment of diabetes. Key words: Diabetes, type 1 diabetes, PGS (Photonic Glucose Sensor), ROC curve, Clark Error Grid, continuous glucose monitoring, CGMS.
Huang, Hsiu-Han, and 黃綉涵. "The protective role of San-Huang-Xie-Xin-Tang metabolite on high glucose-induced endothelial cells injury." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39375449021898605909.
Full text中原大學
生物醫學工程研究所
98
The diabete is one of the major risk factors of cardiovascular disease. All forms of diabetes are characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. We know hyperglycemia induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cause endothelial cells dysfunction or injury which initiates atherosclerotic inflammatory processing reaction. Therefore, till now, creating or discovering antioxidant items with benefits to rescue hyperglycemia-induced endothelial cell injury may be an important issue. Arising considerable attention in recent years, San-Huang-Xie-Xin-Tang (SHXXT), one kind of traditional herbs, was identified with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo studies. Therefore, we hoped to further investigate its metabolite to find out whether SHXXT (0.5-5μl/ml) can be used to protect endothelial cells injury, such as cell adhesion, cell apoptosis, under stimulation of high glucose (16mM, 33mM). In this study, we used the following methods:Primary cell culture HUVECs, complex drug SHXXT (contain Rhei Rhizoma、Scutellaria Radix、Coptidis Rhizoma), ELISA, Gelatin zymography, Western Blot to confirm our hypothesis. According to data analysis, our results demonstrated the metabolite of SHXXT has strong anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on preventing high glucose-induced endothelial cells injury. In experiment of high glucose (33mM) inducing endothelial cell injury within 48 hours, the survival rate did not significantly change. However, when cell adhesion lasted for 24 hours and had a significant inflammatory response, the add of the SHXXT metabolite 0.5-5μl/ml dosage. It proved that the SHXXT metabolites cause strong anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant reaction. In the experiment of Gelatin zymography on SHXXT and Vitamin C, the finding showed that SHXXT had better effect of reducing arteriosclerosis then Vitamin C. In the experiment of eNOS, the SHXXT metabolites resulted in endothelial cell protective effects. In the experiment of ICAM-1, adds of SHXXT caused more decrease in ICAM-1 than Vitamin C. According to data analysis, our results demonstrated the metabolite of SHXXT has strong anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on preventing high glucose-induced endothelial cells injury.
Bazin, Gwénaëlle. "Formation et propriétés des cristaux colloïdaux issus de l’auto-assemblage de microsphères de polymère." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8675.
Full textThe need for biosensors with high sensibility but simple preparation and use has been increasing, especially in the biomedical field. Crystalline colloidal arrays (CCAs) formed by polymer microspheres have already demonstrated great potential for biosensing applications, combining the polymer properties to the visible light diffraction caused by their periodic structure. However, a better understanding of the behavior of such structures is essential in the objective to develop efficient and versatile biosensors. This work proposes to investigate the formation and properties of CCAs created by the self-assembly of polymer microspheres in aqueous medium. For that purpose, particles with different features have been synthesized and studied to highlight the correlation between the properties of the particles and the behavior of the CCAs. First, anionic and cationic cross-linked polystyrene microspheres have been prepared by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization. Different sizes, shapes, polydispersities and surface charge densities have been obtained by the use of various amounts of charged comonomers, either vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride or sodium styrenesulfonate. Indeed, an increasing amount of the ionic comonomer leads to a decreasing particle size because of the ability to electrostatically stabilize more surfaces. However, above a certain concentration, the polymerization of the comonomer in solution increases the polydispersity of the particle size. When allowed by a low polydispersity, the charged microspheres can self-assemble into CCAs with intense visible light diffraction, even for particles not quite spherical. It appears that the electrostatic repulsions created by the charges help in the formation of the periodic structure over a wide range of particle concentrations and improve their stability towards ionic strength. Secondly, the need for a sensitive component brought us to investigate core-shell structures. These microspheres, synthesized by a two-step surfactant-free emulsion polymerization, are made of a polystyrene core and a hydrogel shell. Different hydrogels have been used to achieve different properties: poly(acrylic acid) for pH-sensitivity, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) for thermosensitivity and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) for double sensitivity to both stimuli. Above a certain critical concentration, and over a wide range of concentrations, these microspheres also form CCAs with visible light diffraction. The resulting crystalline structures also display a response to the stimuli, visible through changes in the diffraction spectra, but the response appears to be dependent on the microsphere concentration. This behavior seems to be the result of a change in the interactions between particles rather than the outcome of the volume change of the particles. Attractive van der Waals and repulsive steric interactions are clearly affected by the temperature-induced volume phase transition of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microspheres. In the case of pH-sensitive, electrostatic interactions are also to be considered. The effect of concentration can then related to the range of the interactions. Finally, in the objective to develop glucose sensors, the previous microspheres have been functionalized with 3-aminophenylboronic acid to make them responsive to glucose. The effects of the functionalization and complexation with glucose on the particles and their CCAs have been investigated. The crystalline structure is clearly affected by the presence of glucose, even though the mechanism involved remains to be clarified.