Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Globalization conditions'

In the dissertation from the holistic point of view are discussed export development peculiarities in the global area. The main aim of the dissertation is the expansion of the export development concept in consideration to the challenges of globalization. Therefore, peculiarities of internationalization and globalization processes and their connections in the context of export development are discussed; alternation of internationalization models under conditions of globalization is evaluated, highlighting integrated economic and social export development benefit. The export development mechanisms and instruments as well as their creation, adaptation and other aspects are analyzed and summarized. Moreover, world’s and especially Finland’s innovative experience in this area in the global context is emphasized. Based on analysis and synthesis of scientific literature theoretical integrated export development trajectories model was developed by the author. The main aim of the research is to prepare the integrated export development directions model with the focus on its applicability to Lithuania’s export development possibilities improvement in the context of current state of globalization. Through the use of the summarized results from the Lithuanian SME’s empirical research, discovering main suppressive reasons for export development, and expert research, evaluating Lithuanian export promotion current state and perspectives, the current Lithuanian export promotion activities... [to full text]
Disertacijoje holistiniu požiūriu nagrinėjami eksporto plėtros ypatumai globalioje erdvėje. Pagrindinis darbo tikslas - eksporto plėtros koncepcijos išplėtimas įvertinant globalizacijos iššūkius. Disertacijoje įvairiais aspektais atskleisti internacionalizacijos ir globalizacijos procesų ypatumai ir jų sąsajos, bei teikiamos naujos galimybės eksporto plėtrai; įvertinama internacionalizacijos modelių kaita globalizacijos sąlygomis, išryškinamos integruotos ekonomines ir socialines eksporto plėtros naudos. Disertacijoje atskleista eksporto plėtros instrumentų panaudojimo esmė bei pagrįsti alternatyvių eksporto plėtros ir skatinimo priemonių pasirinkimai ir išanalizuotas empirinis jų panaudojimo ištyrimo lygis pasinaudojant pažangia pasaulio ir ypač Suomijos patirtimi. Remiantis mokslinės literatūros analize ir sinteze sukurtas integruotos eksporto plėtros trajektorijų modelis. Pagrindinis tyrimo tikslas - parengti Lietuvos integruotos eksporto plėtros krypčių modelį šiuolaikinėmis globalizacijos sąlygomis. Darbe atliktas empirinis Lietuvos SVV įmonių tyrimas, kurio metu atskleistos eksporto plėtrą stabdančios priežastys, ekspertinio tyrimo metu atliktas Lietuvos eksporto skatinimo būklės ir perspektyvų vertinimas. Apibendrinti tyrimų rezultatai leido įvertinti Lietuvos eksporto skatinimo veiklos transformavimo motyvus, numatyti integruotos eksporto plėtros būdų tobulinimo sritis ir priemones, skatinančias SVV įmonių eksporto apimčių augimą.

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Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
Political Science

Розкриваються питання регулювання міжнародних фінансових ринків в умовах глобалізації
Раскрываются вопросы регулирования международных финансовых рынков в условиях глобализации
Reveals the issues of regulation of international financial markets in the context of globalization

How do falling barriers to flows of trade and information both within and across countries affect economic livelihoods in developing countries? The three chapters presented in this PhD thesis aim to contribute to our understanding of this question.

The present study explores the relationship between trust placed in national institutions and opinion of globalization. A secondary data analysis is conducted using data collected by the European Commission in a 2004 Eurobarometer survey of European Union (EU) citizens on various issues regarding the EU, globalization and national challenges. A prominent theme in the literature is that, in recent times, globalization has had the effect of compromising the sovereignty of nation-states. This has generated a backlash of nationalistic attitudes wherein globalization is posited in opposition to the nation-state. This surge in nationalism has reinforced a culture wherein any external force that has the capacity to compromise or merely challenge national sovereignty is deemed undesirable. The EU represents a unique response to the phenomenon of globalization. It is the only economic bloc that attempts to manage globalization and mitigate its negative effects through the promotion of a free market system that is actively reinforced by political and social transnational unity. By assessing EU citizens' opinion of globalization and its relation to national attachment, one can investigate whether in living in a system of shared national sovereignty, which attempts to actively manage globalization, one experiences globalization not as an external invasive force, but as an integral component of the nation-state.

Globalisation has become an inevitable force to reckon with by countries, societies and corporates world over. Globalisation has been an important aspect of India‟s economic progress in the last two decades. It has lead to expansion of economic activities and employ-ment opportunities in the country. The aim of the study is to summarize the major globalization initiatives from Indian companiesduring the period of market transformations.

The scientifically substantiated recommendations, which are capable of increasing the efficiency of personnel management in Ukrainian units of international companies in the modern conditions of globalization of the world economy, are developed and given the relevant benchmarks for Ukrainian companies that carry out investments abroad.
У статі розроблено науково обґрунтовані рекомендації, здатні підвищити ефективність управління персоналом в українських підрозділах міжнародних компаній у сучасних умовах глобалізації світової економіки та дати відповідні орієнтири для українських компаній, що здійснюють інвестиції за кордон.
Разработаны научно обоснованные рекомендации, способные повысить эффективность управления персоналом в украинских подразделениях международных компаний в современных условиях глобализации мировой экономики и дать соответствующие ориентиры для украинских компаний, осуществляющих инвестиции за рубежом.

1. Hetmantsev D. Opportunities and prospects of offshore business / D. Hetmantsev // Financial market of Ukraine. - 2010. - №5. 2. Grundy M. Offshore business centers: a world survey / M. Grundy, A. Nathan - London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2013. 3. Heifetz B.A. Offshore jurisdictions in the global and national economy / B.A. Heifetz. - Moscow: Economics, 2010. 4. The World Bank [Electronic source] - Resource access mode: http://www.worldbank.org.
Offshore financial activities are the provision of financial services by banks or other financial institutions to non-residents. These are various operations on debt financing, attraction of deposits, trust management of clients' funds . Offshore zones have a number of features that distinguish them from other groups of countries with preferential taxation and create investment attractiveness for foreign investors. But a specific condition of the traditional (Classical) offshore is bound to obtain income, registered in this area companies outside this area.
Офшорна фінансова діяльність - це надання фінансових послуг банками чи іншими фінансовими установами нерезидентам. Це різні операції з боргового фінансування, залучення депозитів, довірчого управління коштами клієнтів. Офшорні зони мають ряд особливостей, що відрізняють їх від інших груп країн із пільговим оподаткуванням та створюють інвестиційну привабливість для іноземних інвесторів. Але конкретна умова традиційного (класичного) офшору зобов’язана отримувати дохід, зареєстрований у цій галузі компаніями, що не входять в цей район.

1. A Temerbek - Abstracts and abstracts of dissertations, 2021 2. In Solyar, A Burdika, S Pilipov Development of the institutional component of innovative system: valuable price- Economics. Management…, 2021. 3. KM Kraus, NM Kraus. Strategies for innovation and digital economic development information technology challenges– 2020.
The study considers two laws of innovation and digital development, including the law of formation of a global innovation civilization and the law of global market integration of innovation and digital globalization of national economies

The thesis attempts to construct a preliminary framework with which to understand: (1) the nature of feminism as a modern social movement; (2) the expansion of modernity to a global scale; and (3) the immanent institutional transformations opened up by the expansion of modernity which make possible a dialogic form of feminist politics. The thesis is divided into three main sections. The first section explores the nature of feminism as a social movement, sketches the relationship between feminism and modernity and explains how these interests relate to contemporary debates about globalization. The broad conclusions drawn from the discussion is that feminism is a modem social movement rooted in an Enlightenment project of emancipation and progress. However, modernity must be viewed as a matrix of tensions and critical potentials. The second section of the thesis considers the potential and limitation of a Global Political Economy (GPE) framework for making sense of feminism in the context of the conditions of modernity and globalization. It concludes that although it is a useful starting place for making sense of feminism as a social movement, critical GPE is not in itself sufficient. Having explored the potential and limitations of a GPE framework for understanding feminism in a global context, the third section turns to contemporary scholarship in the field of social and political theory. The brief concluding chapter of the thesis pulls together the main themes of the previous chapters and maps out tentatively how the relationship between feminist politics, the project of modernity and globalization can be understood

1. Мітіліно М.І. Елементи фінансової науки. К.: Держвидав України. 1926. 196 с. 2. Андрущенко В. Л. Орієнтири вітчизняної фінансової думки. Фінанси України. 2000. № 4. С. 3–11. 3. Безгубенко Л.М. Фінансова наука і практика періоду трансформацій. Фінанси України. 2000. № 4. С. 12–16. 4. Василик О.Д. Фінансова наука. Фінанси України. 2001. № 1. С. 3–10. 5. Леоненко П.М. Структура фінансової науки у світлі її історії. Фінанси України. 2005. № 11. С. 21–24. 6. Бойко С.В. Структурування фінансової науки та визначення місця державних фінансів в українській фінансовій думці. Історія нар. госп-ва та екон. думки України. 2008. Вип. 41. С. 271–277. 7. Небрат В. В. Еволюція теорії державних фінансів в Україні. К., 2013. 8. Tobias Adrian. Uncertainty Grips Markets as Optimism Wanes. URL: https://blogs.imf.org/2021/10/12/uncertainty-grips-markets-as-optimism-wanes/ (access date 02.12.2021). 9. Карни Марк. Чистые и «зеленые» финансы. Новая устойчивая финансовая система может обеспечить миру будущее с чистым нулевым уровнем выбросов. Финансы и развитие. Сентябрь 2021.
The dominant characteristic of the development of financial thought in conditions of geopolitical simplicity and general postcoid uncertainty is the consideration of declining social standards and social tensions, inequality in labor markets. Fiscal policy should promote good health and demographic stabilization, empowerment and minimize the socio-economic consequences of aging. It will be facilitated by structural reforms aimed at increasing labor productivity and ensuring financial stability in the reproduction of labor resources.

This paper advances a theoretical construct entitled "neoliberal globalization" to explain the transformations in state form since the late 1970s which have been inspired by neoliberalism, an ideology privileging market mechanisms for capital accumulation and social organization. The essay will then examine the phenomenon of Canada's and Quebec's integration into the North American and the hemispheric economies since the mid-1980s. The following section will focus on the impact of neoliberal globalization on Quebec's idiosyncratic modalities of state organization and social integration. Lastly, the essay will investigate a transnational resistance movement in the Americas opposing neoliberal hemispheric integration, as well as recent mutations on Quebec's social and political left. The growth of cross-border coalitions opposing the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) and transformation of left politics in Quebec will be accounted for by reviewing theories of social movement internationalism.

In China, higher vocational education (HVE) is a specific educational form in terms of its the educational goals, management structure, and close relationship with the economy. During the past quarter century, China has experienced not only a substantial increase in economic progress, but also the influence of globalization on its political, socio-economic, and educational development. This thesis examines how HVE has changed since the emergence of a socialist market economy (SME) in 1992. It interprets the relationship between globalization and HVE in terms of actual changes that have occurred at the Vocational College of Shanghai Jiaotong University (VCSJTU).
The thesis is significant for three reasons. First, it generates useful insights into the process of HVE policy implementation in China since its economic transformation in the early 1990s, and interprets the relationship between globalization, SME, and HVE. The case study also generates insights which can contribute to understanding HVE policy on learning in relation to the context of the economic situation within China and the impact of globalization. Second, the thesis puts special emphasis on analyzing the culture and value changes in VCSJTU since its foundation and explores the deep roots between different values and their implications for people's understanding and appreciation of globalization in the school context. Third, the academic contributions of this case study include theoretical frames of reference on culture, education, and economic globalization. In particular, the study outlines and analyzes (with reflections) the experience gained during the internal economic transformations within China---an analysis which contributes to the international sociology of education, to an understanding of the values within education in relation to the impact of globalization.

The aim of my thesis is to investigate the various ways in which globalization is performed in the locus of the South Korean advertising industry. In doing this, I focus upon the practice of creative advertising which is considered as one of the main practices to perform globalization in the locus. Addressing globalization as performativity means that this study rejects the idea of globalization as an objective structure. Instead, it approaches globalization as discursively induced practices and a transitory construction constituted of aggregate action. However, the actions that build globalization are diverse and situated in time and place. It necessitates this study to ‘follow’ the actors who embody narratives of globalization and produce it in their daily performances of those narratives. In this thesis, I follow South Korean advertising creatives who are an embodiment of a particular type of agency which identifies creative advertising with globalization and modernity. In this respect, their practicing creative advertising is simultaneously practicing globalization and modernity. However, their practice of creative advertising is situated in the South Korean advertising industry and takes place in a network of actors who embody different agencies. It makes creatives’ practice of globalization and modernization by way of creative advertising an ongoing struggle and negotiation. I explore the ways in which creatives’ practice of creative advertising transforms when they are connected to other actors in the network, particularly ad firms and clients; and the ways in which this transformation produces different forms of globalization. In this thesis, globalization appears multiple, contingent and mediated. Various narratives of globalization produce diverse subjects but these narratives are locally mediated. . It is the processes of performing the imaginary ‘global’ that is locally defined. Therefore, globalization is essentially a local product in which local agents practice the local on a new platform.

Successful business in modern conditions is impossible without adapting to the constant changes in market conditions, characterized by their dynamics and often unpredictability, particularly in a globalized economy and conditions of exit of businesses to international markets on the basis of international marketing. Therefore, this study is important.

After the Great Depression of 1929--1933, the relative isolation of Mexico's economy led to the adoption of Import Substitution Industrialization. The use of this model as a development strategy meant specializing in manufactured goods under a regime of state interventionism and a closed economy. However, after many years of inward-looking policies, ISI collapsed. Moreover, with excessive public expenditures and fiscal mismanagements, Mexico's economic stability started to erode. The result was Mexico's first economic crisis, the effects of which could only be alleviated through loans from International Financial Institutions that were contingent on the implementation of defined policies. Thus, Mexico adopted the neoliberal development model as its strategy for economic growth and recovery. Under this model, trade liberalization, outward-looking policies, and state non-interventionism promised economic growth as a necessary precondition for social justice and development. Mexico's implementation of neoliberal policies, on one hand, has aided its integration into a market-oriented economy in which competitiveness, foreign investment, and technology transfers are considered as paths to economic growth and, on the other hand, has widened the gap between the rich and the poor, and has impeded sustainable development.

This study explored the interface between the forces of globalization and a given place, at a given time, the Gold Coast during the 1980s. The global economic boom of the 1980s was one in which the role of Japan was particularly important. In less than half a decade capital flows from Japan surged to make it the world's largest investor. Locations in the Pacific Basin were favoured destinations for Japanese investment, one of the most significant was the Gold Coast. Japanese capital and tourism helped transform its urban area from a national resort to an international tourist destination and resort centre, The surge of capital arriving to the Gold Coast was a function of economic conditions in Japan, as was its steep reduction after November 1989, Thus the Gold Coast became integrated into global capital flows and so dependent on decisions made in Tokyo, one of the main financial centres of the world. However this study has also sought to explore a more complex reality; namely, that this place also became the interface of complex cultural forces and perceptions. The wealth of the Japanese investors on the Gold Coast enabled them to realize their dream of developing projects in the most fashionable global styles. These styles were essentially Western, and it was onto these that their Japanese owners ascribed their own meanings; meanings that reflected the cultural baggage that they had brought from Japan, and through which were filtered the economic and environmental realities of the Gold Coast. The Gold Coast as locality also included residents. Hence it became an interface between two different groups of people, the Japanese and the strongly Anglo-Celtic local community. Some in the local community perceived the Japanese presence as a threat to their perception of the Gold Coast, in fact, a threat to their perception of Australia's national identity. A campaign based on the politics of memory of the Japanese developed on the Gold Coast. Within weeks it became a national debate in which isolationalist, if not xenophobic traditionalists, concentrated on the Gold Coast challenged the economic rationalism and multicultural tolerance of the self-interested and ideologically convinced advocates of globalization. Governments at all levels sought to arbitrate, to legitimize standpoints, but more often than not were seen to move into positions of ineffectual flexibility. The forces of globalization on the Gold Coast were catalysts for change that in turn provoked local opposition which rapidly became a debate about national identity and direction. It is in the exploration of the complex and contradictory economic, cultural and political forces engendered by globalization that this study has sought to make a distinctive contribution.

1. Stukalo N., Simakhova A. (2021). Global trends in the social economy development, International economic policy, 1 (34), 7-22. DOI 10.33111/iep.eng.2021.34.01 2. «Про затвердження Типового положення про раду молодих вчених при органах виконавчої влади», Постанова Кабінету Міністрів України від 16 листопада 2016 р. № 822. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/822-2016-%D0%BF#Text
Globalization intensifies the activities of different economic entities. Public (non-governmental) organizations are becoming increasingly important in countries. Collaboration of young scientists with such organizations provides additional opportunities in the early stages of their careers

This study aims to examine how global competition in the textile industry has affected the homeworkers’ opportunities to develop their entrepreneurship and their own businesses. This Bachelor thesis has a qualitative approach with focus on qualitative interviews which were conducted during a field study in Bangkok, Thailand. The textile industry in Thailand has long been known for their cheap labour, however, globalization has now changed the industry and companies outsource production to countries with even cheaper labour. Globalization has increased the role of subcontractors in the textile industry, which tries to produce as cheap as possible. Factories tend to involve subcontractors in order to find the cheapest and most efficient means of production. This has increased the use of homeworkers, who produce the products in their homes. Competition for work is fierce and many people move from rural areas to larger cities to get a job with an income they can live on. This result in an even worse competition and with their low level of education and no work experience, they are forced to accept employment with poor conditions.Homeworkers work between 14-16 hours per day with minimum wage and they are not protected by laws and have no social benefits. They live very crowded in slums and their houses are not suitable as a working environment. Many homeworkers have health problems caused by long working hours. Children are required to help their parents with easier tasks in addition to the usual household chores. Homeworkers have low education level which is an obstacle to their business knowledge. They also have limited access to financial means to help them develop their entrepreneurship. Organizations working to improve homeworkers working conditions are available although homeworkers rarely know how to come in contact with them. Education is important for homeworkers to develop their entrepreneurial and business skills.
Program: Textil produktutveckling med entreprenörs- och affärsinriktning

This study aims to examine how global competition in the textile industry has affected the homeworkers’ opportunities to develop their entrepreneurship and their own businesses. This Bachelor thesis has a qualitative approach with focus on qualitative interviews which were conducted during a field study in Bangkok, Thailand. The textile industry in Thailand has long been known for their cheap labour, however, globalization has now changed the industry and companies outsource production to countries with even cheaper labour. Globalization has increased the role of subcontractors in the textile industry, which tries to produce as cheap as possible. Factories tend to involve subcontractors in order to find the cheapest and most efficient means of production. This has increased the use of homeworkers, who produce the products in their homes. Competition for work is fierce and many people move from rural areas to larger cities to get a job with an income they can live on. This result in an even worse competition and with their low level of education and no work experience, they are forced to accept employment with poor conditions.Homeworkers work between 14-16 hours per day with minimum wage and they are not protected by laws and have no social benefits. They live very crowded in slums and their houses are not suitable as a working environment. Many homeworkers have health problems caused by long working hours. Children are required to help their parents with easier tasks in addition to the usual household chores. Homeworkers have low education level which is an obstacle to their business knowledge. They also have limited access to financial means to help them develop their entrepreneurship. Organizations working to improve homeworkers working conditions are available although homeworkers rarely know how to come in contact with them. Education is important for homeworkers to develop their entrepreneurial and business skills.
Program: Textil produktutveckling och entreprenörskap

1. Почепцов Г. Гібридна війна: інформаційна складова [Електронний ресурс] / Г. Почепцов, 25.10.2015 р. – Режим доступу: http://ji-magazine.lviv. ua/2015/Pochepcov_Gibr_vijna_inf_skladova.htm. 2. Стратегія і тактика гібридних війн в контексті військової агресії Росії проти України. 24.11.2014 р. [Електронний ресурс]. – Режим доступу: http:// bintel.com.ua/uk/article/gibrid-war/. 3. Максименко Ю. Є. Інформаційне суспільство в Україні: стан та перспективи становлення [Електронний ресурс] / Ю. Є. Максименко // Підприємництво, господарство і право. – 2014. – № 12. – Режим доступу: http:// goal-int.org/informacijne-suspilstvo-v-ukraini-stan-ta-perspektivi-stanovlennya/.
The urgency of the work lies in the fact that recently the problem of information security in Ukraine has become more and more frequent, which is especially relevant in connection with the escalation of the active phase of the hybrid war. The armed conflict in eastern Ukraine, the annexation of Crimea, and terrorist actions against Ukrainian statehood are all superimposed on the harsh, fake anti-Ukrainian information rhetoric used in the state-run media. The issue of dissemination of negative and unreliable information via the Internet is especially acute. In the context of globalization, information and communication technologies are an integral part of human life. They have become a factor involved in the production of goods and services. Such changes entail the transformation of both the social structure of society and, in all spheres — economic, sociopolitical, and spiritual — profound revolutionary transformations are taking place. In the context of an armed conflict, information technologies are becoming levers of influence that threaten the loss of Ukraine’s sovereignty. The creation and dissemination of the latest technologies and global means of communication has led to the global information revolution. The growing role of information in public life has raised to a new level the problem of information security. They are extremely relevant at the present stage of development of information and communication technologies. This suggests that the results of the scientific and technological revolution can be used not only for positive purposes, but also to have negative consequences for society. The most obvious challenges caused by uneven access to technology are the widening of the digital divide between countries, opportunities to preserve the cultural identity of nation states in a globalized world, the rise in cybercrime, and so on. This has given rise to a new phenomenon of the modern world - «information security», which affects the interests of each individual country and, at the regional and global levels, is an element of the overall system of international security.
Актуальність роботи полягає в тому, що останнім часом проблема інформаційної безпеки в Україні стає дедалі частішою, що особливо актуально у зв'язку з загостренням активної фази гібридної війни. Збройний конфлікт на сході України, анексія Криму та терористичні акції проти української державності накладаються на жорстку, фейкову антиукраїнську інформаційну риторику, що використовується в державних ЗМІ. Особливо гостро стоїть питання поширення негативної та недостовірної інформації через Інтернет. В умовах глобалізації інформаційно-комунікаційні технології є невід’ємною частиною людського життя. Вони стали чинником виробництва товарів та послуг. Такі зміни тягнуть за собою трансформацію як соціальної структури суспільства, так і в усіх сферах - економічної, соціально-політичної та духовної - відбуваються глибокі революційні перетворення. В умовах збройного конфлікту інформаційні технології стають важелями впливу, які загрожують втратою суверенітету України. Створення та розповсюдження новітніх технологій та глобальних засобів комунікації призвели до глобальної інформаційної революції. Зростання ролі інформації в суспільному житті підняло на новий рівень проблему інформаційної безпеки. Вони надзвичайно актуальні на сучасному етапі розвитку інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій.Це говорить про те, що результати науково-технічної революції можуть бути використані не тільки в позитивних цілях, а й мати негативні наслідки для суспільства. Найбільш очевидними проблемами, спричиненими нерівномірним доступом до технологій, є збільшення цифрового розриву між країнами, можливості збереження культурної самобутності національних держав у глобалізованому світі, зростання кіберзлочинності тощо. Це породило нове явище сучасного світу - «інформаційну безпеку», яке зачіпає інтереси кожної окремо взятої країни і на регіональному та глобальному рівнях є елементом загальної системи міжнародної безпеки.

‘Women are supposed to be in the kitchen and take care of the children while men earn the money and go “job-hunting”.’ – Statements like this have been common in a lot of countries, cultures and families for many decades now. However, the world is constantly changing and so are the circum-stances the two sexes live in. During the last 20 to 30 years there has been a drastic change concern-ing the newly opened possibilities for females to enter leadership positions. The questions that come to our mind immediately when hearing those readings are such as:

• What factors does a certain leadership style depend on?

• Could there also be other reasons beside the gender aspect why humans react in a certain way?

• What attributes and characteristics are required from today’s leaders?

Although there are many more questions that can be asked regarding this topic, the ones mentioned above, which make up the research questions of this study, seem to be the most important ones.

Following an inductive research process, empirical material was gathered through questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. This collected information and the shared experiences are the representative data in this particular thesis from male and female leaders in different companies/organizations and various environments concentrating on our two home countries Sweden and Germany. Supported by a theoretical framework which consists of theories, books and articles of many well-known au-thors, especially the studies by the great German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), the reader will get a wider knowledge of the empirical data.

A separate chapter about the depending leadership styles and the ‘condition-theory’ by Immanuel Kant will help to explain certain behaviours by male and female leaders as well as describe the rea-sons why our society sees the leaders’ characteristics the way it does. The conditions that are relevant in this thesis are about the attitudes, soft skills such as communication aspects, attributes being used to describe daily situations as well as personal features of current and future leaders in prospect of career chances and risks.

The following thesis aims for a clearer picture and greater awareness of particular settings and should be beneficial for current and future leaders from both sexes in all kinds of environments as well as people who work together with leaders frequently to gain a better understanding of their behaviours and decisions.

Last, but not least there will be a part with a general review as well as personal reflections upon this topic and suggestions for further and future research areas besides the analysis of the whole thesis work.

This dissertation investigates the effects of the financial crisis on the South African economy. In order to do this, an index which describes the financial conditions of the South African economy is constructed and computed. The index indicates that domestic South African financial conditions have deteriorated substantially during the period under study and so the study investigates how this has impacted on the country’s economic growth. A VAR model with South African variables is specified and used to assess the quantitative effects of the financial crisis on South African real GDP growth. Results suggest that the South African economy was not significantly affected by the crisis, but economic growth was slowed down and may still grow substantially slower in the next few years due to the financial crisis. These results corroborate the theoretical predictions and are also supported by previous studies.

This paper studies how changing political, economic, and social conditions in and related to Sweden affected its secondary education policy and the role that social science didactics plays. By analyzing Swedish secondary school curricula, the related social science syllabus, education act, and corresponding organizational documents, the causes for, and context of education reform become clear. The school’s purpose is to impart general abilities and knowledge that all persons will require to function in society and maintain democracy, equality, and international solidarity. Additionally, the school is found to conform to the same template, values, and norms as the economic and political aspects of globalization and modern democratic society. The school subject that wholely addresses general knowledge, civil abilities, and democratic values is found to be social science. Engaging social issues as a didactical tool, social science teaching imparts in students democratic values and the civil abilities to participate in society. Through the quality assurance of evaluations, knowledge requirements emerged as a policy for providing students with the opportunity to learn at one’s capacity. By meeting its knowledge requirements, social science produces students who are stewards of democratic values that, by participating in the community, contribute to social development in every venture during life after school.

Cette thèse a pour projet la considération de la nature précise de l’intégration des pays en voie de développement au sein des chaînes globales de valeur (CGV) du point de vue des conséquences économiques et sociales qu’il leur apporte à l’ère de la mondialisation (des années 1990 jusqu’au présent). Après avoir minutieusement délimité les frontières des chaînes afin de mieux trancher ce qui est et ce qui n’est pas une relation CGV (chapitres 2-3), des nouveaux indicateurs sont développés pour voir quels sont les résultats les plus fréquents de l’intégration des CGV. À ce titre, une étude empirique – à l’échelle macro et portant sur des dizaines des pays – est menée pour la période 1995-2008 dont les résultats (chapitre 3) mettent en cause le récit de l’upgrading (mise à niveau des positions économiques et sociales) largement divulgué par les grandes institutions internationales. Par conséquent, nous théorisons la nature généralisée de ce qui s’appelle downgrading (ou l’absence de l’upgrading attendu par le récit dominant) en saisissant des idées les plus pertinentes de la théorie de la dépendance et des auteurs critiques au sein de la perspective CGV (chapitres 4-5). Nous soutenons que l’intégration aux relations CGV pour les pays en développement se fait aux segments hyper-compétitifs des chaînes qui sont structurées asymétriquement, une structure qui est soutenue par les réserves de main d’oeuvre au niveau mondial et qui tire vers le bas la valeur ajoutée, les salaires et les normes sociales. Pour conclure la thèse, nous vérifions notre théorisation de “downgrading” avec des preuves empiriques (chapitre 6) au niveau secteur-pays pour la période la plus récente (2000-2014)
Focusing on the emergence of global value chains (GVCs) as constituting the paradigmatic modality of integration linking developing and developed economies in the globalization era (1990s to the present day), this thesis aims to consider the precise nature of this modality in terms of the economic and social consequences it brings to developing nations. Carefully demarcating the boundaries of what do and do not constitute GVC relations (Chapters 2and 3), novel indicators are developed to test for common outcomes of GVC integration in a macro, cross-country study of the high globalization era (1995 – 2008). The results (Chapter 3) challengethe story often promoted by major global policy institutions, according to which closer GVC integration provides a country with better opportunities for ultimately “upgrading” its position interms of aggregate metrics of value-added, wages and overall social standards. In contrast, drawing on insights from the dependency tradition and critical GVC scholars (Chapters 4 and 5), we theorize “downgrading” as a more common outcome, contending that developing country integration into GVC relations typically takes place in hyper-competitive segments of asymmetric chain structures that are sustained by global labor reserves putting downward pressure on developing country value-added, wages and standards. We conclude by confirming this theory in further empirical testing (Chapter 6) at the country-sector level for the more recent period (2000-2014), where some post-2008 potential shifts are also noticed that should be of broader interest in the discussion of a recent globalization slowdown

Cette thèse s’applique à explorer dans quelle mesure et par quels mécanismes lamondialisation, au travers de ses différentes composantes, impacte la santé des travailleurseuropéens. Dans une première partie, nous exposons les conséquences socio-économiques de cephénomène. Dans une deuxième partie, nous montrons que l’exposition concurrentielleinternationale constitue un facteur de risque pour la santé des travailleurs non qualifiés. Lesfacteurs individuels et organisationnels sont néanmoins les plus à même d’expliquer la prévalencede troubles physiques et mentaux chez l’ensemble des travailleurs. La mondialisation impliqueaussi de nouvelles pratiques organisationnelles liées à l’internationalisation des firmes, une autrefacette de la mondialisation. Nous soulignons que les travailleurs doivent ainsi trouver lesressources nécessaires pour rester attractifs dans ce monde en perpétuelle évolution. Dans unetroisième partie, nous exposons que la mondialisation favorise le développement des activités deservices dans les pays industrialisés. En parallèle, l'organisation de type "lean" est mise en placedans ces secteurs et la pression concurrentielle s’accroit. Ces changements impactent les conditionsde réalisation du travail. Dans ce contexte, la santé se trouve dégradée par des facteurs de risqueen évolution, parmi eux l’intensité du travail liées aux relations interpersonnelles. Enfin, nousmontrons que la Responsabilité Sociale de l’Entreprise apparait comme une solution dont lesentreprises peuvent s’emparer pour améliorer la santé de leurs travailleurs et par conséquent, leurperformance sociale et financière
This thesis aims at exploring to what extent globalization, through its diversecomponents, impacts the health of European workers. In a first part, we expose the socio-economicconsequences of this multi-faceted phenomenon. In a second part, we show that internationalcompetition, one of the essential components of globalization, is a risk factor for non-skilledworkers. Nevertheless, individual and organizational factors are the most likely to explain mentaland physical disorders prevalence in the population as a whole. Globalization also implies newpractices linked to firms’ internationalization strategy, another component of globalization. Weunderline that workers must acquire the skills to stay attractive in a constantly changing worldand they do not find much support in their companies. In a third part, we show that globalizationenhances the surge of the service sector in industrialized countries. In addition, the leanmanagement is implemented in those sectors and competitive pressure increases. These changesimpact the way the work is performed. Within this context, the health of workers deterioratesbecause they are exposed to changing risk factors, among them: intense of work related tointerpersonal relationships. Finally, we find that the Corporate Social Responsibility comes as ananswer to improve workers’ health and as a consequence, firms’ social and financial performance

The issue of development has generally been perceived as an economic and technical process with little or no relevance to political issues. In contrast to this general understanding, this study aims to underline that development is a complex and primarily a political process. In support of this argument, the study overviews historically the changing meanings as well as ideologies of development since the 19th century with a particular focus on the Turkish case. By doing so, it attempts to recall the idea of development primarily as a political process. In general terms, dominant paradigms of development have also been set by power and become leverage for political and economic dominance in history. In this sense, different development paradigms in history need also to be understood as political phenomena rather than simply philosophical products.

Theses (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The concept of international competitiveness has become increasingly important due to globalisation and increased integration between nations and has been referred to as a "new type of warfare" in modern economies. With the advent of globalisation, countries have become more integrated not only through trade but also in financial markets. Consequently, the question of attaining sustainable development through international competitiveness has become very significant. As globalisation proceeds, it would appear that a combination of factors are raising the demand for skilled labour and lowering the demand for unskilled and semi-skilled labour. In South Africa, at least over the short term, the predictions are for declining demand for unskilled and semi-skilled labour and rising demand for skilled and professional occupations. South African manufacturing firms are generally characterised by low spending on innovation. Today there is a shift in the pattern of world trade away from commodity production and raw material intensive simple manufactured goods and towards increasingly knowledge-intensive goods and services. As the more traditional bases of securing a competitive advantage decline for South African manufacturing firms, the ability to compete will increasingly turn on their capacities to master information technology. Technological infrastructure is becoming a key asset for the future competitiveness of a nation. Technology also impacts on education. Therefore, the priority of a competitive nation is to develop the people who will operate the new technological infrastructure and strive to be on the leading edge of future developments. This is one of the reasons why South Africa has to improve on its technology in order to be attractive to foreign investment. It is clear ,that South Africa's current education and training system is not adequate to address the future challenges of the country. An integrated, restructured education and training system that is geared to supplying the necessary manpower to ensure high productivity and international competitiveness is needed if South Africa is to become globally competitive. Therefore the importance of education and training to upgrade people to enable them to earn more cannot be overemphasised. Much more emphasis must be put on technical training in South Africa. After some difficult years of isolation, South Africa has increased its rating on international competitiveness by three positions from 42nd in 2001 to 39th in 2002. It is hoped that South Africa's economic growth rate improves as a result of its pursuit of privatisation; reform of the state sector; and liberalisation of trade and tariffs. The social inequalities inherited from the past, high unemployment and a relatively high inflation rate may constrain the government's economic policy. The development priorities of developing countries such as South Africa include achieving sustained income growth for their economies by raising investment rates, strengthening technological capacities and skills and improving the competitiveness of their exports in world markets, distributing the benefits of growth equitably by creating more and better employment opportunities and protecting and conserving the physical environment for future generations. The new and more competitive context of liberalising and globalising the world economy in which economic activity take place imposes considerable pressures on developing countries to upgrade their resources and capabilities if they are to achieve these objectives. This study seeks to investigate the extent to which international competitiveness contributes to the economic development of South Africa, by studying the theory of comparative advantage and its implications to the modern theory of trade. The study explores and identifies key factors of international competitiveness and globalisation and the success of the application of international competitiveness into practice. The study concludes with possible areas of further research.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die konsep van internasionale mededingendheid word toenemend belangrik weens globalisering en groter integrasie tussen nasies en daar word in hedendaagse ekonomieë daarna verwys as 'n "nuwe soort oorlog". Met die koms van globalisering het lande nie net deur handel nie maar ook in finansiële markte meer geïntegreerd geraak. Die kwessie van die bewerkstelliging van volgehoue ontwikkeling deur internasionale mededingendheid het gevolglik baie belangrik geword. Namate globalisering voortgaan wil dit voorkom asof 'n kombinasie van faktore die vraag na geskoolde arbeid verhoog en die vraag na ongeskoolde en halfgeskoolde arbeid laat daal. In Suid-Afrika word 'n kleiner vraag na ongeskoolde en halfgeskoolde arbeid en 'n groter vraag na geskoolde en professionele beroepe oor ten minste die kort termyn voorspel. Suid-Afrikaanse vervaardigingsmaatskappye word oor die algemeen deur lae besteding aan innovasie gekenmerk. Daar is tans 'n verskuiwing in die patroon van wêreldhandel weg van kommoditeitsproduksie en grondstof-intensiewe eenvoudige vervaardigde goedere na toenemend kennis-intensiewe goedere en dienste. Namate die meer tradisionele grondslae waarop Suid-Afrikaanse vervaardigingsmaatskappye 'n mededingende voordeel verkry het, verdwyn, sal die vermoë om mee te ding toenemend afhang van hul vermoë om inligtingstegnologie te bemeester. Tegnologiese infrastruktuur word 'n baie belangrike bate vir die toekomstige mededingendheid van 'n land. Tegnologie het ook 'n impak op onderwys. Die prioriteit van 'n mededingende land is dus die ontwikkeling van die mense wat die nuwe tegnologiese infrastruktuur sal bestuur en wat daarna strewe om aan die spits van toekomstige ontwikkelings te wees. Dit is een van die redes waarom Suid-Afrika sy tegnologie moet verbeter ten einde aantreklik te wees vir buiteland,sebelegging. Dit is duidelik dat Suid-Afrika se huidige onderwys- en opleidingstelsel nie voldoende is om die toekomstige uitdagings vir die land die hoof te bied nie. 'n Geïntegreerde herstruktureerde onderwys- en opleidingstelsel wat daarop gemik is om die nodiqe mannekrag te voorsien om hoë produktiwiteit en internasionale mededingendheid te verseker, word vereis indien Suid-Afrika mededingend wil wees in die internasionale arena. Die belangrikheid van onderwys en opleiding om mense op te gradeer ten einde hulle in staat te stel om meer te verdien, kan nie oorbeklemtoon word nie. Groter klem moet op tegniese opleiding in Suid-Afrika gelê word. Na moeilike jare van isolasie het Suid-Afrika sy gradering ten opsigte van internasionale mededingendheid met drie posisies verbeter vanaf 42ste in 2001 tot 39ste in 2002. Suid-Afrika se ekonomiese groeikoers sal hopelik verbeter as gevolg van sy strewe na privatisering, hervorming van die staatsektor, en liberalisering van handel en tariewe. Die maatskaplike ongelykhede van die verlede, hoë werkloosheid en 'n betreklik hoë inflasiekoers kan moontlik die regering se ekonomiese beleid aan bande lê. Die ontwikkelingsprioriteite van ontwikkelende lande soos Suid-Afrika sluit die volgende in: volgehou inkomstegroei vir hul ekonomieë deur beleggingskoersverhogings, verbetering van tegnologiese kapasiteite en vaardighede, die verbetering van die mededingendheid van hul uitvoere in wêreldmarkte, die billiker verdeling van die voordele van groei deur meer en beter werkgeleenthede te skep, en die beskerming en bewaring van die fisiese omgewing vir toekomstige geslagte. Die nuwe en meer mededingende konteks van die liberalisering en globalisering van die wêreldekonomie waarin ekonomiese aktiwiteit plaasvind, plaas- groot druk op ontwikkelende lande om hul hulpbronne en kapasiteite te opgradeer indien hulle hierdie doelwitte wil bereik. Hierdie studie poog om die mate waarin internasionale mededingendheid tot die ekonomiese ontwikkeling van Suid-Afrika bydra, te ondersoek deur die teorie van mededingende voordeel en die implikasies daarvan vir die moderne handelsteorie te bestudeer. Die studie ondersoek en identifiseer die hooffaktore van internasionale mededingendheid en globalisering en die sukses van die toepassing van internasionale mededingendheid in die praktyk. Die studie word afgesluit met voorstelle vir moontlike verdere navorsing.

Face à une succession de crises et une concurrence mondiale, les Etats cherchent des solutions pour s'en sortir. En cette longue période de disette financière à tous les étages territoriaux de la fusée France, il est opportun de regrouper tout ce qui participe à l'attractivité d'un pays, d'une région, d'une métropole. Le manque de communication, observé jusqu'à présent entre des secteurs complémentaires sur un même territoire qui participent pourtant à l'attractivité de celui-ci, rend l'exercice très compliqué. Or, ces ensembles autonomes les uns des autres sur un même territoire, auraient tout intérêt à faire converger leurs efforts en matière d'attractivité économique. Les réformes jusqu'à présent appliquées n'ont pas donné les résultats escomptés. La nécessité et le besoin de réforme structurante n'a jamais été aussi fort et inévitable pour le bon fonctionnement de nos économies. Face à cette crise, la France n'est pas à l'abri au regard des variables macro-économiques : chômages, déficit public, dette
Faced with a succession of crisis and global competition, States seek solutions to get out. In this long period of financial scarcity at all stages of the rocket territorial France, it is appropriate to consolidate all that contributes to the attractiveness of a country, a region, a city. The lack of communication, abserved so far between complementary sectors in the same territory involved yet the attrativeness of it, makes the excercise very complicated. However, these independent sets of each other on the same territory, would be well advised to focus their efforts in terms of economic attrativeness. The reforms implemented so far didn't yield the desired results. The need and need strutural reform has never been stronger and unavoidable for the proper functioning of our economies. Faced with this crisis, France is not safe in terms of macro-economic variables: lockouts, deficit, debt

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2007.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: As the world globalises there is need for economic integration. These integration processes can be both regional and global Africa as one of the world's continents is not immune to these integrations; regions within the continent have formed trade blocs which enhance economic development for individual member states of such blocs. Even though these countries are not equal in terms of economic development the ultimate goal is to have sustainable economic development and be able to compete in the global world. Botswana is one country with such aspirations and dreams. This paper addresses the role of Botswana in the global economy; highlighting its opportunities and challenges. Botswana has been a success story in Africa, with its GOP per capita increasing from less than US$2 000 in 1975 to around USSIO 000 in 2005, recording economic growth rates of over seven per cent. The country's economy has been heavily reliant on mining. tourism. manufacturing and agriculture. Diamonds are by far the most important source of income for Botswana, accounting for more than 70 per cent of total export earnings. The satisfactory performance of the financial sector impacts on overall development and the diversification of the economy. In its efforts to integrate and strengthen bilateral relations with bigger market economies, Botswana is a signatory to a number of trade agreements such as World Trade Organisation (WTO), Cotonou, Southern Africa Development Community (SADC), Africa Growth Opportunity Act (AGOA) and Southern African Customs Union (SA CU). As a member of the WTO, the inclusion of China into the organisation implies that Chinese products are now highly competitive when compared to Botswana products due to lower production costs enjoyed by Chinese finns. Chinese finns also enjoy competitive advantage in US markets where Botswana exports some of its textile products under AGOA. However, the country has enjoyed productive relationships with the European countries since its colonial period and through the Cotonou agreement, which was signed between the European Community and the Africa, Caribbean and Pacific countries. Botswana is also a signatory to regional blocs such as the SADC through which it has agreed on a number of economic issues such as trade, gender, water resources, peace and security, democracy and good governance. Through the SADe, member states such as Botswana are able to lobby for support or form partnerships with developed nations such as Sweden. By being a member of SACU, Botswana can export to a large market and complement its smaller domestic market. As players in the global economy, countries are exposed to many challenges and opportunities. There are opportunities for attracting more investment into the country due to its excellent economic performance. Investment can be attracted in financial and manufacturing sectors through encouraging private-public partnerships. This paper discusses some of the growth sectors in the economy and how they can be enhanced to contribute to sustainable development. It is also worth mentioning that Botswana faces challenges such as HIV/AIDS and unemployment. By being landlocked, the country is relatively expensive for investors to manufacture locally and export to foreign countries, which dampens the attraction of foreign direct investment. Some of these challenges and opportunities experienced by Botswana can serve as lessons for other African countries.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Soos die globaliseringsproses wereIdwyd vorder is daar ook 'n proses van toenemende ekonomiese integrasie, wereldwyd en op 'n streeksbasis. Afrika neem ook deel aan die proses. In die verskillende streke van die kontinent is handelsblokke besig om te ontplooi. AI is hierdie lande nog ver agter in die internasionale mededingingsproses strewe hulle daarna om op 'n volhoubare manier internasionaal mee te ding. Botswana het beslis die mikpunt. Hierdie studie spreek Botswana se rol in die wyer streeks- en internasionale ekonomie aan. Die land word algemeen beskou as 'n ontwikkelingsukses, met 'n BBP per capita toename van US$2 000 in 1975 tot US$I0 000 in 2005, en 'n gemiddelde jaarlikse groeikoers van meer as sewe persent. Die landsekonomie is sterk afhanklik van die mynbousektor, landbou, toerisme en fabriekswese, met diamante tot 70 persent van uitvoere. As deel van die proses om nouer in te skakel by die groter markte het Botswana by 'n reeks ooreenkomste aangesluit, naamlik die Wereld Handelsorganisasie, die Cotonou-ooreenkoms, die SADC, AGOA en SACU. Terwyl die aansluiting by hierdie ooreenkomste Botswana se uitvoermarkte uitgebrei het, het Sjina se aansluiting by die WTO vir Botswana se nywerhede groter mededinging veroorsaak. Aan die ander kant het die lidmaatskap van Botswana by die SADC en Sacu vir die land baie geleenthede geopen om meer effektief te pleit en te onderhandel vir ekonomiese, sosiale en ander ontwikkelingsvoordele, veral waar Botswana se eie bevolking en markte so klein is. Om 'n beeld te kry van die uitwerking van die stappe van Botswana word in die studie ook gekyk na ontwikkelingstendense in spesifieke sektore asook na pogings om buitelandse kapitaal na die land te trek. Terselfdertyd moet besef word dat Botswana vanwee sy hoe HIV/Vigs koers tans en in die toekoms te kampe het met 'n reeks heel spesiale struikelblokke wat die ontwikkelingsproses beinvloed.

The identification of financial stress, and an understanding of financial contagion on a global scale, is of critical importance to a South African economy that is becoming increasingly integrated into the global economy. The last decade has been characterised by periods of high economic growth, but also periods of significant financial instability culminating in global economic crises. This study examines the extent to which the South African financial system is exposed to distress abroad by identifying and measuring the co-movement of financial stress originating from within and outside South Africa. The study can be separated into two sections: the identification of financial stress and the measurement of financial contagion. Using monthly data for the period 2000 to 2012, three indices were constructed for the emerging markets, advanced economies and South Africa using varianceequal weighting. The indices were tested for contagion using the Johansen and Jesulius (1990) multivariate cointegration approach supplemented with basic OLS architecture and Impulse Response analysis. The results indicate the three constructed indices were highly accurate at identifying the intensity and timing of financial stress over the three regions respectively. It was found that the South African financial sector is highly susceptible to financial stress originating from advanced economies. The results obtained for financial stress emanating from emerging markets were not as conclusive and found to be insignificant. Overall, it is clear that the methods employed to identify financial stress are highly accurate and that South Africa is highly susceptible to financial stress originating from abroad. It is clear that advanced economies have a greater ability to affect financial stress in South Africa via contagion. It must be noted that this does not conclude that South Africa is not affected by emerging market crises, but that these crises tend to affect South Africa through advanced economy channels as defined within this thesis.

В результаті проведених досліджень компаній різних типів в контексті світового економічного простору в дисертації виявлено та підтверджено прикладами основний принцип створення, функціонування та розвитку компаній, що полягає у процесі акціонування капіталу та визначено основні завдання формування сучасних вітчизняних компаній. Досліджено і виявлено причини появи компаній у світовому економічному просторі та показано різницю в процесах створення компаній на теренах України та у світовій економіці, а саме: вітчизняні компанії та компанії, що розташо вано на території колишніх радянських республік створено в результаті роздержавлення суб’єктів державної власності та їх приватизації, в той час як основою світових тенденцій формування корпоративної власності став процес примусової консолідації суб’єктів приватного сектору малого і середнього розміру у монопольні та олігополістичні утворення. В процесі розшифровки історичної парадигми виникнення корпоративних суб’єктів господарювання виявлено аспекти впливу концептуальної природи історичної епохи на формування компаній; проаналізовано кожну з історичних епох з точки зору концепції виникнення та існування, передумов формування компаній та економічних досягнень кожної з епох в розрізі історико-географічного підґрунтя. В роботі запропоноване авторське визначення корпоративного управління, яке на відміну від існуючих, наголошує на стратегічному аспекті систематизації організаційних процесів структуризації діяльності компанії в цілому та його конкурентоспроможних підрозділів зокрема. Отже, з точки зору автора, «корпоративне управління – це стратегічний аспект систематизації процесів структурування, організації та планування розвитку компанії в цілому та диверсифікації самодостатніх конкурентоспроможних стратегічних зон господарювання в напрямі розширення та поглиблення діяльності компанії на нові ринки або їх сегменти на вигідних для компанії умовах». У запропонованому визначенні корпоративного управління автор наполягає на значенні організаційної складової корпоративного управління в процесі егулювання діяльності не тільки компанії в цілому, а також підприємств-учасників/ компаній-учасників та стратегічно перспективних підрозділів, виділених у стратегічні зони господарювання. Проведений аналіз ретроспективи виникнення поняття «стратегізація» та «стратегування» виявив концептуальну основу стратегізації, яка з точки зору автора «полягає у процесі розробки стратегії компанії на основі поглибленого аналізу факторів оточення з урахуванням їх емерджентних змін та волатильних коливань із застосуванням стратегічних технологій та корпоративної методології дослідження особливостей розвитку компанії за умов невизначеного загрозливого середовища». Аналіз етимології поняття «стратегізація» підтвердив необхідність уточнення даної дефініції у зв’язку з відсутністю чіткої та однозначної характеристики стратегізації як економічної категорії. Таким чином, сформульоване авторське бачення поняття «стратегізація», а саме: «стратегізації компанії» – це специфічний управлінський підхід, що поєднує стратегічне прогнозування, моніторинг та швидке реагування на зміни оточення шляхом застосування набору стратегій скорегованих згідно поточної ситуації. Автор також надає інше визначення, стратегізації, яке визначає цільове призначення стратегізації як аспекту корпоративного управління, а саме: «стратегізація – це багаторівневий процес розробки і формування корпоративної стратегії за вертикаллю управління від портфельної до набору функціональних стратегій». В результаті досліджень було виявлено, що модель вітчизняного корпоративного управління находиться в стадії формування, у зв’язку з чим було розроблено концепцію системи корпоративного управління для вітчизняних компаній. Розроблену концепцію системи управління компанією засновано на системі консолідуючих принципів. Створення даної концепції спрямоване на формування ефективних стратегічних зон господарювання згідно обґрунтованих напрямів диверсифікації, а також вибір найбільш перспективної з них для подальшого розвитку як потенційного підприємства-учасника компанії; дану концепцію розроблено з метою формування системного корпоративного управління компанією в умовах глобалізації. Основою сформульованої концепції стала модель системи управління компанією на основі консолідуючих принципів, яка наочно відображуєконцептуальні зв’язки між стратегізованими складовими процесу функціонування компанії. Автором сформовано системний підхід до визначення оптимального розміру підприємств- учасників диверсифікованої компанії. З одного боку, розроблений системний підхід надає можливість врахувати вплив внутрішніх економічних факторів консолідації підприємств-учасників на їх розмір, а з іншого боку, визначає вплив зовнішніх факторів оцінки ефективності експортно-імпортних процесів з урахуванням можливості визначення доцільності сегментарної транснаціоналізації компанії. Застосування системного підходу до визначення оптимального розміру підприємств- учасників компанії дозволяє визначати оптимальні обсяги виготовлення продукції як для компаній, що забезпечують не лише внутрішній ринок країни, але можуть бути використаніі для експортно- орієнтованих компаній. Запропонований системний підхід забезпечує ефективність розподілу ресурсівта повноважень в межах диверсифікованої компанії. За результатами досліджень в дисертації виділено три історичні віхи міжгалузевої спеціалізації компаній; виявлено основні напрями міжнародного виробничого кооперування та напрями міжнародної співпраці як прояву світової економічної інтеграції та глобалізації економічних процесів. З метою систематизації виявлених напрямів міжнародної співпраці в сферах виробництва, товарообміну та фінансових відносин обґрунтовано економічну природу прояву процесів глобалізації та систематизовано форми прояву міжнародної співпраці на прикладах функціонування внутрішніх та міжнародних систем комерційних угод. Дослідження результатів причинно-наслідкового ланцюжка формування основних теорій виникнення, функціонування та розвитку компаній в глобальному середовищі показало особливості їх впливу на створення транснаціональних корпораційз урахуванням факторів глобалізації економічних процесів, що розкриває історичні причини та визначає сучасні тенденції розвитку глобальних корпоративних утворень. В свою чергу розкриття причинно-наслідкового зв’язку появи міжнародних економіко- політичних альянсів, історичної природи їх розвитку та цілей дає можливість спрогнозувати подальший розвиток «економічних держав» та їх вплив на глобальні світові процеси. Згідно методу рейтингових оцінок в роботі проаналізовано більше 20-ти найбільш успішних машинобудівних компаній України та оцінено тенденції їх стратегічного розвитку і стратегічний рівень можливостей успішної діяльності у стратегічному періоді. За результатами аналізу та оцінки успішн ості функціонування вітчизняних машинобудівних компаній на основі їх рейтингових позицій, показників доходності та прибутковості, автором запропоновано шляхи стабілізації розвитку вітчизняних машинобудівних компаній з урахуванням можливих сприятливих умов ведення бізнесу в Україні на основі запровадження основних принципів стратегізації компанії, а саме: розробка стратегії на всіх рівнях корпоративного управління, формування стратегічних зон господарювання у потенційних сферах майбутнього розвитку компанії, прогнозування рівня емерджентності виникнення загроз в сфері економічного оточення,визначення показників волатильності секторів машинобудівного ринку,формування набору стратегічних реакцій компанії на не прогнозовані зміни економічного оточення. На основі результатів дослідження глобальних світових покажчиків рівню розвитку країни в роботі сформульовано типологію глобальних індексів за двома напрямами, а саме: згідно способів розрахунку індикаторів і за напрямами глобалізації. Згідно сформованого методологічного базис у за типологіями глобальних індексів автором проаналізовано та синтезовано рейтингові позиції України в глобальних рейтингах і виявлено тенденції стратегізованого розвитку країни в контексті глобального простору. Секторальний аналіз промисловості України в цілому та машинобудівного сектору зокрема, проведений автором за період з 2010 року і донині, виявив загрозливі тенденції зниження кількості машинобудівних компаній з внутрішнім капіталом на користь появи малих та середніх підприємств з будівництва комплектуючих машинобудівної галузі із зовнішнім іноземним капіталом, що свідчить про зниження експортного потенціалу України на зовнішньому ринку машинобудівної продукції та необхідність підтримки експортно-орієнтованих компаній на державному рівні. Сегментарна оцінка машинобудівного комплексу України на базі індексного підходу, проведена автором за період з 2011 року і донині, виявила наявність резервів стратегічного потенціалу розвитку таких сегментів машинобудування як виробництво автотранспортних засобів, причепів і напівпричепів та інших транспортних засобів та виробництво машин і устаткування, не віднесених до інших угруповань в 2019 році та виробництво електричного устаткування і виробництво комп’ютерів, електронної та оптичної продукції в 2020 р. Результати сегментарної оцінки машинобудування в Україні свідчить про необхідність розробки програм стратегізації ро звитку виявлених потенціально успішних сегментів та інвестиційної підтримки нерентабельних сегментів з метою запобігання їх занепаду. Таким чином, за умов законодавчої підтримки корпоративного бізнесу України, не відкидається потенційна можливість відновлення стратегічного розвитку машинобудівного комплексу України. Подібна ситуація підтверджена результатами оцінки прогнозних тенденцій витрат на виробництво продукції компаній, середніх та малих підприємств за видами економічної діяльності та рентабельності операційної діяльності компаній на п’ятирічний період, які свідчить про можливе зростання як витрат так і рентабельності з урахуванням ситуації стабільної беззбитковості суб’єктів господарювання. В результаті оцінки потенціалу розвитку машинобудування Хмельницької області на основі кластерного підходу було виявлено 4 сегменти, у виробництві продукції яких задіяні успішні, еззбиткові, компанії Хмельницької області в цілому та м. Хмельницького зокрема, а саме: ПАТ «Укрелектроапарат», ДП «Новатор», АТ «Завод»Темп». Серед виявлених перспективних сегментів машинобудування за даними 2019 року визначено виробництво обладнання для вимірювання, дослідження та навігації; виробництво вузлів і деталей для автотранспортних засобів та виробницт во електродвигунів, генераторів, трансформаторів, електророзподільної та контрольної апаратури, що забезпечують,відповідно, 3,3%, 7,7% та 7,1% доданої вартості машинобудування в економіці України. В роботі здійснено оцінку потенціалу сталого розвитку представників корпоративного бізнесу Хмельницької області, і за результатами сегментарного аналізу кластерного потенціалу згідно кластерного підходу найбільш перспективними в Хмельницькій області виявлено ДП «Новатор» (в сегменті виробництва обладнання для вимірювання, дослідження та навігації (LQ=6,4)) та ПАТ «Укрелектроапарат» (в сегменті виробництва електродвигунів, генераторів, трансформаторів, електророзподільної та контрольної апаратури (LQ=2,8)). Результати оцінки фінансово-економічної активності та резервів стратегічного розвитку найбільш успішних компаній м. Хмельницьког о (ПАТ «Укрелектроапарат», ДП «Новатор»,АТ «Завод»Темп») за період діяльності з 2009 до 2020 рр. на основі методології оцінки маржинального прибутку підтвердило наявність несприятливих стратегічних тенденцій в Українській промисловості та існування загроз нестійкого подальшого розвитку зазначених компаній у зв’язку з наявністю низьког ації обґрунтовано доцільність формування методологічного підходу до оцінювання потенціалу успіху сталого розвитку компанії та запровадження його до практики корпоративного управління як одного з аспектів стратегізації управлінських процесів. З цією метою в роботі проаналізовано наявні концепції визначення та управління сталим розвитком компаній в умовах глобалізації; виявлено поліспрямованість розуміння стало о розвитку компанії в економічному, соціальному та економічному н апрямах; зазначено взаємозалежність понять «сталий розвиток» та «корпоративна відповідальність» в контексті стратегічного розвитку компанії. Запропоновано авторське бачення поняття «потенціал успіху сталого розвитку компанії », яке наголошує на значенні успішної діяльності компанії як ключового фактору її конкурентоспроможності та ефективності на ринку. Удосконалено механізм стратегізації управління промисловою компанією в умовах невизначеного економічного оточення, в результаті впровадження якого виявлено дієвість запропонованої управлінської розробки в процесі застосування в ситуації формування набору альтернативних корпоративних стратегій та вибору ефективних стратегічних рішень. Механізм страте гізації корпоративного управління промисловою компанією завдяки багатозначній варіативності формування набору альтернативних стратегій дозволяє визначити стратегічні перспективи та сформувати стратегічні напрями розвитку компанії; формування і впровадження механізму передбачає проходження таких етапів як розробка набору стратегічних альтернатив, формування оригінальних стратегічних дій (ходів), прогнозування можливих змін факторів середовища компанії, розробка набору альтернативних стратегій розвитку компанії за результатами прогнозів, реалізація стратегії на всіх функціональних рівнях, і перший з етапів було удосконалено порівняно з подібними ме тодами, що застосовуються у процесі розробки стратегії регіону в Україні та за кордоном. Розроблено науково-методичний підхід до моделювання процесу стратегізації корпоративного управління, з огляду на відсутність подібних підходів в управлінських процесах українськими компаніямиця розробка є достатньо вагомим внеском, сутність якого полягає у послідовному застосуванні аспектів моделювання стратегізованих процесів управління, а саме: моделювання системи управління набором стратегічних зон господарювання в промисловості шляхом застосування теорії ігор, розробка моделей процесу вибору напряму успішного стратегізованого р озвитку компанії та прийняття поліваріантних управлінських рішень. Метою застосування подібного підходу в практиці корпоративного управління є створення стратегізованої моделі корпоративного управління промисловою компанією за умов глобалізації. Основою розроблених моделей стратегізації машинобудівних компаній стали теорія ігор, аспекти математичного моделювання у вигляді побудови лінійних логарифмічних залежностей, метод аналізу ієрархій з оцінкою гармонійності на основі системної ентропії. Концепція науково-методичного підходу до моделювання процесу стратегізації корпоративного управління передбачає наявність моделей, що різнобічно розкривають сутність стратегізації корпоративного управління. Тому в контексті розроблено і схематично представлено моделі, які послідовно розкривають сутність даного підходу, а саме: моделі стратегізації промислової компанії на ринку та моделі організації та приведення в дію процесу стратегізації корпоративного управління
The dissertation investigates the theoretical provisions, scientific and methodological basis and practice-oriented principles of industrial companies corporate management in the context of economic processes globalization in Ukraine and abroad. According to the research results, the main scientific-m ethodological and practice-oriented achievements of the author are presented in the form of an annotation. Theoretical-methodological and evaluation-analytical research results are analyzed in Sections 1, 2, 3, and the results of practice-oriented research directions are presented in Sections 4, 5 of the given dissertation. Sections 1-2 analyze, identify and evaluate aspects of industrial companies corporate management strategy, namely: the problems of company as a business entity in the global economic space context, identification of administrative and legal status and definition of the company as a business entity, types of companies, modelling of domestic corporate management, definition and substanti ation of the necessity to strategize and develop the company management system concept, systematization of approaches in determination the optimal size of enterprises-as diversified company-members, problems of globalization of the world economic environment, identification of diversified companies and non-diversified ones in the system of strategic corporate management, guidelines on profil ing global indexes and rating evaluation of the company's development strategy in globalizati on context. Section 3 systematizes, evaluates and identifies the reserves of sustainable development and management potential of successful business entities of Ukraine in general and Khmelnytsky region in particular based on the use of systematic analytical and methodological tools for the research. Thus, the reserves of sustainable development of strategic engineering companies of Ukraine and Khmelnytsky region, were identified by means of successful corporate businesses rating in the field of mechanical engineering, sectoral analysis of industry, segmental assessment of machine building in Ukraine, based on the index approach (conducted by the author for the period from 2011 to the present), potential assessment of the mechanical engineering based on the cluster approach, potential assessment of On the sustainable development of corporat business of Khmelnytsky region. Based on the analysis the basis of the analysis results of the main theories causal chain formation of companies origin, functioning and development in the global environment were revealed and features of their influence on the creation of transnational corporations where taking into account the factors of economic processes globa lization. In turn, the disclosure of the causal link between the emergence of international economic and political alliances, the historical nature of their development and goals makes it possible to predict the further development of "economic states" and their impact on global processes. According to the rating assessments method more than 20 most successful machine-building companies of Ukraine were analyzed and the tendencies of their strategic development and strategic level of successful activity opportunities in the strategic period were estimated. Based on the results of th e analysis and domestic machine-building companies evaluation on the basis of their rating positions and profitability, the author proposes ways to stabilize the development of domestic machine-building companies taking into account possible favourable conditions for doing business in Ukraine. Elaboration of strategies at all corporate management levels, formation of strategic business zones in potential areas of company’s future development, forecasting the level of emergence of threats in the economic environment, determining the volatility of machine market sectors, forming a set of strategic reactions to unpredictable changes in the economic environment. Based on the study results of global world indicators of the country development level, the types of global indexes are formulated in two directions according to the methods of calculating indicators and the directions of globalization. Grounded on the formed methodological basis according to the typolog ies of global indices, the author analyzes and synthesizes the ranking positions of Ukraine in global rankings and identifies trends in the strategic country development in the context of the global environment. The sectoral analysis of the of Ukrainian industry in general and the machine-building sector in particular, conducted by the author for the period from 2010 to the present, revealed threatening trends in the number of machine-building companies with domestic capital in favour of small and medium-sized enterprises w ith foreign capital that proves Ukrainian export potential reduction in the foreign market of machine-building products and the necessity to support export-oriented companies at the state level. Segmental assessment of the machine-building complex of Ukraine on the basis of the index approach, conducted by the author for the period from 2011 to the present, revealed the presence of strategic potential reserves for such machine building segments as production of vehicles, trailers and other vehicles and machinery and equipment production and other groups in 2019 and the production of electrical equipment, computers, electronic and optical products in 2020. The results of the segmental assessment of mechanical engineering in Ukraine indicate the need of programs development to strategize the development of potentiall y successful segments and investment support for unprofitable segments in order to pr event their decline. Thus, under the legislative support conditions of corporate business in Ukraine, the potential possibility of strategic development resumption of the Ukrainian machine-building complex is not ruled out. This situation is confirmed by the results of the forecast trends assessment in company’s production costs, medium and small enterprises by type of their economic activity and cost -effectiveness of companies operating activities for five years period that indicates a possible increase of both costs and cost-effectiveness which takes into consideration the situation of stable break-even management. As a result of assessing the machine building development potential in Khmelnytsky region on the cluster approach basis, 4 segments were identified, in the production of which were involved successful companies of Khmelnytsky and Khmelnytsky region. Among the identified promising segments of mechanical engineering according to 2019 data were outlined such like as: production of equipment for measurement, research and navigation; production of components and parts for motor vehicles and production of electric motors, generators, transformers, electrical distribution and control equipment, which provide, respectively , 3,3%, 7,7% and 7,1% of mechanical engineering value added in the economy of Ukraine. The paper evaluates the potential of corporate business sustainable development in Khmelnytsky region. Thus, according to the results of segmental analysis of cluster potential due to the cluster approach, the most promising in Khmelnytsky region were identified: "Novator" company in the segment of equipment for measurement, research and navigation (LQ=6,4 )) and "Ukrelektroaparat" company in the segment of production of electric motors, generators, ransformers, electrical distribution and control equipment (LQ=2,8). According to the results of the assessment of financial and economic activity and reserves of strategic development of the most successful companies of Khmelnytsky are "Ukrelectroapparat", "Novator", "Plant" Temp for the period from 2009 to 2020. The methodology of estimating marginal profit confirmed the presence of unfavourable strategic trends in Ukrainian industry and the existence of threats to the unstable development of these companies due to the low safety margin. Summing up the results of analysis and evaluation of the state and reserves of machine-building companies sustainable development in Ukraine and Khmelnytsky region, mentioned above, made it necessary the development of scientific and methodological approaches to the formation of sustainable development management companies in Chapters 4 and 5 of the dissertation. The dissertation substantiates the expediency of forming a methodological approach to assessing the company’s success potential of sustainable development and its introduction into corporate management practice of as one of the aspects of strategic management processes. For this purpose, the paper analyzes the existing concepts of defining and managing companies sustainability in globalization context, reveals the direction of understanding the of the company’s sustainable development in social and economic areas and the interdependence of the concepts of "sustainable development" and "corporate responsibility" in the context of company’s strategic development. The author's vision of the concept "success potential of company’s sustainable development" is offered. This concept emphasizes the importance of company’s successful activity as a key factor of its competitiveness and efficiency in the market. The mechanism of strategizing the management of an industrial company in an uncertain economic environment has been improved and as a result of which the effectiveness of the proposed management development in the process of forming a number of alternative corporate strategies and choosing effective strategic decisions has been revealed. The mechanism of an industrial company’s corporate management strategy due to the multiple-valued variability of the formation of a set of alternative strategies allows to determine the strategic prospects and to form company's development strategic directions. Formation and implementation of the mechanism of overcoming of such stages as a set of strategic alternatives development can provide the formation of original strategic actions, possible changes forecasting in company's environment, development of a set of alternative development strategies based on forecasts, strategy implementation at all functional levels and one of these stages has been improved comparing to similar methods used in the strategy developing process in Ukraine and abroad. A scientific and methodological approach to corporate management modelling process has been developed, taking into consideration the lack of similar approaches in management processes of Ukrainian companies, the essence of presented approach is in the consistent application of aspects of modelling strategic managem ent processes, namely: modelling management system set of strategic management game theory, development of models of the process of choosing the direction of successful of company’s strategic development and taking multivariate management decisions. The purpose of applying such an approach in the practice is to create corporate management strategic model of an industrial company in the context of globalization. The basis of the developed models of trategizing of machine-building companies became game theory, aspects of mathematical modelling in th e form of construction of linear logarithmic dependences, a method of the analysis of hierarchies with an estimation of harmony on the basis of system entropy. The application of the dominant result criteria in the relevant system ensured the selection of the most competitive SBU from the set and substantiation of the peculiarities of their further development. Based on the experience of well-known World companies a model of the process of choosing the most effective direction of the company strategic development by means of hierarchies analysis based on system entropy with harmony assessment is developed. The concept of scientific and methodological approach to modelling the corporate management strategizing process involves the existence of models that comprehensively reveal the essence of corporate management strategizing. Therefore, in the context were developed and schematically presented models that cons istently reveal the essence of this such like approach, as: models of strategizing an industrial company in the market and a model of organization and implementation of strategizing corporate management process. conducted in Sections 1-3 of the functioning, financial and economic activity in the context of industrial companies globalization, Sections 4, 5 propose solutions of identified problems of corporate business entities strategic development. Thus, the methodological approach of evaluating the success of company sustainable development was elaborated, the mechanism of industrial company corporate management in the unstable economic environment was improved and comprehensive scientific and methodological approach to modelling corporate management processes based on multivariate choice and effective management decisions was formed. In dissertation the author investigates the administrative and legal basis for the emergence of the company as a business entity in the frame of Ukrainian market space due to domestic business globalization in the process of gradual privatization of industrial market participants. As a result of etymological research, a synonymous identity of the terms "association", "association of enterprises", "company", "corporation", "business association", "corporate association" was revealed, and as a result such generalizing term as "corporate formation" was proposed for domestic non-diversified companies. At the same time , for transnational and multinational corporations, i.e. diversified companies, the term "global cor porate formation" was proposed in order to clarify their nature and functioning peculiarities in the context of global socio-cultural, political and economic integration of diversified companies. Systematization of the terms which take into account the examples of development and transnational corporations functioning and other "global corporate entities" allows to systematize global corporate formations according to their origin, objectives and development. Taking into consideration the necessity to identify the concepts of association, the company and the orporation in the author's interpretation, the work provides certain definition of these concepts. Thus, from the author's point of view, "an association characterizes the combination of two or more enterpri ses under a mutually beneficial economic alliance enshrined in the agreement, in order to increase economic potential and future development through resource accumulation and distribution of organizational, production and management powers, space of Ukraine ", and as it can be seen, the author's definition emphasizes the existence of an alliance agreement as a basis for creating a corporate associat ion, which in contrast to the definitions of "association" by other authors explains expands understanding of its administrative and legal positions and market opportunities. Under the term "company", the author proposes "an integrated association of independent entities operating on the basis of capitalization as a single economic complex with a closed production cycle in one or more industries and specializes in the production of a strategic set of product groups with a governing body (board of directors) with different authority degrees depending on the company types with the participation of companies members in the management structure and shareholders", and it is evident that in contrast to previously given interpretations the term "company" as a business entity systematizes and accumulates maximum companies characteristics in a single definition. As a result of research of different types of companies in the context of the world economic environment in the dissertation identified and confirmed by examples the basic principle of creation, operation and development of companies, which is in the process of capitalization and identified the main tasks of modern domestic companies. The reasons for companies emergence in the world economic environment are studied and revealed and the difference in companies creating processes in Ukraine and in the world economy is shown. Thus domestic companies and companies, situated on the territories of former Soviet republics were created as a result of privatization, while the basis of global trends in the formation of corporate ownership was the process of forced consolidation of small and medium-sized private sector entities into monopoly and oligopolistic entities. In the process of explaining and deciphering the historical paradigm of the corporate entities emergence aspects of the historical era conceptual nature on companies influence formation were revealed; each of the historical epochs in terms of the origin concept and existence and the prerequisites for companies formation and economic achievements of each pochs, taking into account their historical and geographical basis, were depicted and analyzed. The paper proposes the author's definition of corporate management, which, in contrast to the existing ones, emphasizes the strategic aspect of organizational processes systematization of the company’s structuring in general and its competitive units in particular. Thus, from the author's point of view, “corporate management is a strategic aspect of structuring systematization, organization and planning of company's development as a whole and diversification of self-sufficient competitive strategic business zones in the direction of expanding and deepening the company to new markets or segments on beneficial conditions ». In the proposed definition of corporate management the author insists on the importance of corporate management organizational component in the process of regulating not only the company as a whole, but also participating companies / participating enterprises and strategically promising units allocated in strategic management areas. Retrospective analysis of the "strategizing" concept emergence revealed its conceptual basis, which from the author's point of view "is in the process of developing the company's strategy based on in-depth analysis of environmental factors, research of company development features in conditions of unstable threatening environment». Analysis of term "strategization" etymology confirmed the need to clarify this definition due to the lack of a clear and unambiguous description of strategy as an economic category. Thus, the author's vision of the "strategy" concept is formulated in the following way: "company strategy" is a specific management approach that combines strategic forecasting, monitoring and rapid response to changes in the environment by applying a set of strategies adjusted to the current situation. The author also provides another definition of strategizing, which defines the purpose of strategizing as an aspect of corporate management. In this case, "strategizing is a multilevel process of developing and forming a corporate strategy by vertical management from portfolio to a set of functi onal strategies." According to the results of the investigations, it was found that the model of domestic corporate management is in the process of formation and in this connection the concept of a corporate management system for domestic companies was developed. The developed concept of the company's management system is based on a system of consolidating principles. The creation of this concept is aimed at the formation of effective strategic management areas in accordance with reasonable areas of diversification, as well as the selection of the most promising of them for further development as a potential of the company’s member, this concept is developed for the purpose of system corporate management formation in conditions of globalization. The basis of the formulated concept was a model of the company management system based on consolidating principles, which clearly reflects the conceptual links between the strategic components of the company's operation. Systematic approach to the determination the participating companies optimal size of diversified company was formed and proposed by the author. On the one hand, the developed system approach provides an opportunity to take into account the impact of internal economic factors of participating companies consolidat ion on their size, and on the other hand, determines the impact of external factors assessing the effectiveness of export-import processes. The application of a systematic approach to determining the companies participating optimal size allows to determine the companies optimal production volumes that are provided not only in the domestic market but are suitable for export-oriented companies. The proposed system approach ensures the efficient allocation of resources and authority within a diversified company. Research results of the dissertation highlights three historical milestones of of companies intersectoral specialization and main directions of international industrial cooperation and international cooperation directions as a manifestation of world economic integration and globalization of economic processes are revealed. In order to systematize the identified areas of international cooperation in the fields of production, trade and financial relations, the economic nature of globalization, forms of international cooperation on the examples of domestic and international systems of commercial agreements were systematized. On the basis of the analysis results of the main theories causal chain formation of companies origin, functioning and development in the global environment were revealed and features of their influence on the creation of transnational corporations where taking into account the factors of economic processes globa lization. In turn, the disclosure of the causal link between the emergence of international economic and political alliances, the historical nature of their development and goals makes it possible to predict the further development of "economic states" and their impact on global processes. According to the rating assessments method more than 20 most successful machine-building companies of Ukraine were analyzed and the tendencies of their strategic development and strategic level of uccessful activity opportunities in the strategic period were estimated. Based on the results of th e analysis and domestic machine-building companies evaluation on the basis of their rating positions and profitability, the author proposes ways to stabilize the development of domestic achine-building companies taking into account possible favourable conditions for doing business in Ukraine. Elaboration of strategies at all corporate management levels, formation of strategic business zones in potential areas of company’s future development, forecasting the level of emergence of threats in the economic environment, determining the volatility of machine market sectors, forming a set of strategic reactions to unpredictable changes in the economic environment. Based on the study results of global world indicators of the country development level, the types of global indexes are formulated in two directions according to the methods of calculating indicators and the directions of globalization. Grounded on the formed methodological basis according to the typologies of global indices, the author analyzes and synthesizes the ranking positions of Ukraine in global rankings and identifies trends in the strategic country development in the context of the global environment. The sectoral analysis of the of Ukrainian industry in general and the machine-building sector in particular, conducted by the author for the period from 2010 to the present, revealed threatening trends in the number of machine-building companies with domestic capital in favour of small and medium-sized enterprises w ith foreign capital that proves Ukrainian export potential reduction in the foreign market of machine-building products and the necessity to support export-oriented companies at the state level. Segmental assessment of the machine-building complex of Ukraine on the basis of the index approach, conducted by the author for the period from 2011 to the present, revealed the presence of strategic potential reserves for such machine building segments as production of vehicles, trailers and other vehicles and machinery and equipment production and other groups in 2019 and the production of electrical equipment, computers, electronic and optical products in 2020. The results of the segmental assessment of mechanical engineering in Ukraine indicate the need of programs development to strategize the development of potentiall y successful segments and investment support for unprofitable segments in order to prevent their decline. Thus, under the legislative support conditions of corporate business in Ukraine, the potential possibility of strategic development resumption of the Ukrainian machine-building complex is not ruled out. This situation the results of the forecast trends assessment in company’s production costs, medium and small enterprises by type of their economic activity and cost-effectiveness of companies operating activities for five years period that indicates a possible increase of both costs and cost-effectiveness which takes into consideration the situation of stable break-even management. As a result of assessing the machine building development potential in Khmelnytsky region on the cluster approach basis, 4 segments were identified, in the production of which were involved successful companies of Khmelnytsky and Khmelnytsky region. Among the identified promising segments of mechanical engineering according to 2019 data were outlined such like as: production of equipment for measurement, research and navigation; production of components and parts for motor vehicles and production of electric motors, generators, transformers, electrical distribution and control equipment, which provide, respectively, 3,3%, 7,7% and 7,1% of mechanical engineering value added in the economy o f Ukraine. The paper evaluates the potential of corporate business sustainable development in Khmelnytsky region. Thus, according to the results of segmental analysis of cluster potential due to the cluster approach, the most promising in Khmelnytsky region were identified: "Novator" company in the segment of equipment for measurement, research and navigation (LQ=6,4 )) and "Ukrelektroaparat" company in the segment of production of electric motors, generators, transformers, electrical distribution and control equipment (LQ=2,8). According to the results of the assessment of financial and economic activity and reserves of strategic development of the most successful companies of Khmelnytsky are "Ukrelectroapparat", "Novator", "Plant" Temp for the period from 2009 to 2020. The methodology of estimating marginal profit confirmed the presence of unfavourable strategic trends in Ukrainian industry and the existence of threats to the unstable development of these companies due to the low safety margin. Summing up the results of analysis and evaluation of the state and reserves of machine-building companies sustainable development in Ukraine and Khmelnytsky region, mentioned above, made it necessary the development of scientific and methodological approaches to the formation of sustainable development management companies in Chapters 4 and 5 of the dissertation. The dissertation substantiates the expediency of forming a methodological approach to assessing the company’s success potential of sustainable development and its introduction into corporate management practice of as one of the aspects of strategic management processes. For this purpose, the paper analyzes the existing concepts of defining and managing companies sustainability in globalization context, reveals the direction of understanding the of the company’s sustainable development in social and economic areas and the interdependence of the concepts of "sustainable development" and "corporate responsibility" in the context of company’s strategic development. The author's vision of the concept "success potential of company’s sustainable development" is offered. This concept emphasizes the importance of company’s successful activity as a key factor of its competitiveness and efficiency in the market. The mechanism of strategizing the management of an industrial company in an uncertain economic environment has been improved and as a result of which the effectiveness of the proposed management development in the process of forming a number of alternative corporate strategies and choosing effective strategic decisions has been revealed. The mechanism of an industrial company’s corporate management strategy due to the multiple-valued variability of the formation of a set of alternative strategies allows to determine the strategic prospects and to form company's development strategic directions. Formation and implementation of the mechanism of overcoming of such stages as a set of strategic alternatives development can provide the formation of original strategic actions, possible changes frecasting in company's environment, development of a set of alternative development strategies based on forecasts, strategy implementation at all functional levels and one of these stages has been improved comparing to similar methods used in the strategy developing process in Ukraine and abroad. A scientific and methodological approach to corporate management modelling process has been developed, taking into consideration the lack of similar approaches in management processes of Ukrainian companies, the essence of presented approach is in the consistent application of aspects of modelling strategic managem ent processes, namely: modelling management system set of strategic management game theory, development of models of the process of choosing the direction of successful of company’s strategic development and taking multivariate management decisions. The purpose of applying such an approach in the practice is to create corporate management strategic model of an industrial company in the context of globalization. The basis of the developed models of strategizing of machine-building companies became game theory, aspects of mathematical modelling in the form of construction of linear logarithmic dependences, a method of the analysis of hierarchies with an estimation of harmony on the basis of system entropy. The application of the dominant result criteria in the relevant system ensured the selection of the most competitive SBU from the set and substantiation of the peculiarities of their further development. Based on the experience of well-known world companies a model of the process of choosing the most eff ective direction of the company strategic development by means of hierarchies analysis based on system entropy with harmony assessment is developed. The concept of scientific and methodological approach to modelling the corporate management strategizing process involves the existence of models that comprehensively reveal the essence of corporate management strategizing. Therefore, in the context were developed and schematically presented models that cons istently reveal the essence of this such like approach, as: models of strategizing an industrial company in the market and a model of organization and implementation of strategizing corporate management process.

Ces dernières décennies, le monde a vécu des épisodes de forte instabilité financière globale, allantde pair avec un mouvement important de capitaux internationaux. Ce paradoxe remet en question lebien-fondé d’une politique de libéralisation financière internationale et soulève de nombreusescontroverses dont l’issue est à ce jour ambigu. L'objectif de cette thèse est d’apporter une contributionà ce débat actuel. Notre démarche s'articule autour de trois grandes parties. D'abord, nous analysonsl'impact de la globalisation financière sur la croissance économique dans les pays en développement(PED). Ensuite, dans la deuxième partie, nous étudions le rôle que pourrait jouer la libre circulationdes capitaux internationaux comme un déterminant du déclenchement des crises bancaires dans lesPED. Ceci nous amène dans la troisième partie à analyser les réformes réglementaires proposéespour pallier à ce risque de crises bancaires et tirer profit de la globalisation financière (GF).Les principaux résultats de la thèse peuvent être résumés comme suit : (1) La GF agit positivementsur la croissance économique et la stabilité du secteur bancaire, ces effets étant conditionnés par lanature des flux de capitaux échangés. (2) Les pays en développement peuvent bénéficier de lalibéralisation des mouvements de capitaux s’ils ont atteint un certain seuil de développementinstitutionnel. (3) Le contrôle des capitaux permet aux pays en développement d’assurer un niveau destabilité financière soutenu. Les implications de politiques économiques sont : (a) Les PED ont intérêtà améliorer leurs cadres institutionnels pour tirer profit de la globalisation financière. (b) Les pays endéveloppement doivent renforcer leur cadre règlementaire et mettre en place une politique de contrôledes capitaux qui ciblerait ceux à l’origine de l’instabilité économique et financière. (c) Un tel contrôlene doit pas se faire seulement sur les engagements envers l’étranger mais aussi sur les avoirs
Over the last few decades, the world has experienced episodes of global financial instability combinedwith significant shifts of international capital movements. This paradox questions the merits of theinternational financial liberalization and raises many controversies whose outcome is inconclusive todate. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to this current debate. The approach is structured aroundthree main parts. First, the impact of the financial globalization (FG) on the economic growth isanalyzed for developing countries. Then, in the second part, we examine the potential role of freemovement of international capital as a major factor responsible for the onset of banking crisis indeveloping countries. This analysis leads us to the third part in which we analyze the regulatoryreforms, proposed to mitigate the risk of banking crisis and to benefit from financial globalization.The main outcomes are summarized as follows: (1)The financial globalization acts positively oneconomic growth and the stability of the banking sector. Furthermore, these effects are conditioned bythe nature of capital flows. (2) The developing countries can benefit from the liberalization ofinternational capital flows, if they have reached a certain threshold level of institutional development.(3) The capital controls allow the developing countries to ensure a sustainable level of financialstability. The economic policy implications are: (a) The developing countries may find it beneficial todevelop their institutional framework to benefit from financial liberalization. (b) the developing countriesmust strengthen their regulatory framework and set up a capital control policy that will target theorigins of economic and financial instability. (c) Such a control should not only be exercised on foreignliabilities but also on domestic assets

L’Angola est un contexte encore relativement méconnu quelque soit la discipline en sciences sociales. Pour la didactique des langues et des cultures, cette situation de départ prête à questionner l’approche – ou les approches – à adopter pour mener la recherche. Cette thèse propose de vérifier la pertinence d’une approche plurielle faisant appel à l’histoire et à deux grands axes de travail : l’axe diachronique-synchronique et l’axe micro-macro. L’objectif majeur est de mettre à profit cette approche pour : (1) pallier le manque de données indispensables à la compréhension de la singularité du contexte sociolinguistique contemporain et au développement de politiques linguistiques et éducatives adaptées ; (2) déterminer de manière historicisée les caractéristiques du système éducatif et de la culture éducative actuels ; (3) proposer des pistes d’application pour améliorer les conditions d’enseignement / apprentissage en langue et des langues. La première partie de cette thèse explicite les objectifs et les hypothèses de recherche (chapitre 1), expose les éléments généraux concernant le contexte national (chapitre 2) puis les concepts mobilisés pour la réflexion et l’analyse (chapitre 3). La seconde partie fournit des éléments descriptifs, explicatifs et analytiques jusqu’alors inédits concernant le contexte de cette recherche : un cadre historique (chapitre 4), un cadre sociolinguistique (chapitre 5) et un focus construit autour de la langue française en Angola dont découle une réflexion plus générale sur le système éducatif public contemporain (chapitre 6). À partir de l’analyse de trois corpus didactiques sélectionnés à partir de leur date de production (1962, 1980 et 2005), la troisième partie permet de mettre à profit les apports des deux premières parties pour effectuer une analyse de corpus historicisée visant à mettre au jour les caractéristiques de la didactisation en fonction des époques et les traces de ce processus dans les productions didactiques contemporaines
Angola remains a relatively unknown context, regardless of the discipline in the social sciences. For the didactics of languages and cultures, this baseline situation raises the question of the approach - or the approaches - to adopt in order to conduct research. This thesis proposes to examine the relevance of a plural approach calling upon history and involving two major lines of work: the diachronic-synchronic axis and the micro-macro axis. The major objective is to build on this approach to: (1) fill in for the lack of data that are essential to understand the singularity of the contemporary sociolinguistic context, and to develop adequate language and education policies; (2) determine, using historicization, the characteristics of the education system and the current educational culture; (3) propose implementing strategies to improve the teaching / learning in language and of languages. The first part of this thesis clarifies the research objectives and hypotheses (Chapter 1), presents the general elements defining the national context (Chapter 2), as well as the concepts mobilized for reflection and analysis (Chapter 3). The second part provides descriptive, explanatory and analytical elements hitherto unpublished regarding the context of this research: a historical background/context (Chapter 4), a sociolinguistic framework (Chapter 5) and a focus built around the French language in Angola leading to a broader reflection on the contemporary public education system (chapter 6). Based on the analysis of three teaching corpus selected following their date of production (1962, 1980 and 2005), the third part allows to exploit the findings made in the first two sections, in order to perform historicised corpus analysis aimed at revealing the characteristics of didactization over time, as well as the traces of this process in contemporary educational productions
Angola ainda é um contexto relativamente desconhecido, qualquer que seja a disciplina nas ciências sociais. Para a didática das línguas e culturas, esta situação inicial se presta a questionar a abordagem - ou as abordagens - a adoptar para realizar a pesquisa. Esta tese propõe a verificar a relevância de uma abordagem multifacetada que envolva história e duas linhas principais de trabalho: o eixo diacrónico-sincrônico e o eixo micro-macro. O objetivo principal é de tirar partido dessa abordagem para: (1) superar a falta de dados essenciais para a compreensão da singularidade do contexto sociolinguístico contemporâneo e para o desenvolvimento de políticas linguísticas e educativas adequadas; (2) determinar de modo historizado as características do sistema de educação e da cultura educacional vigente; (3) propor formas de aplicação para melhorar o ensino / aprendizagem na linguagem e das línguas. A primeira parte desta tese explícita os objectivos e as hipóteses de investigação (Capítulo 1), define os itens gerais sobre o contexto nacional (Capítulo 2) e os conceitos mobilizados para reflexão e análise (Capítulo 3). A segunda parte fornece elementos descritivos, explicativos e analíticos inéditos a respeito do contexto desta pesquisa: um cenário histórico (Capítulo 4), um quadro sociolinguístico (Capítulo 5) e um foco construído em torno da língua francesa em Angola que segue uma reflexão mais geral sobre o sistema educativo público contemporâneo (capítulo 6). A partir da análise de três corpus didáticos selecionados segundo a data de produção (1962, 1980 e 2005), a terceira parte permite alavancar as contribuições das duas primeiras partes para realizar a análise de corpus historizada no objetivo de descobrir as características da didatização com os tempos e vestígios de este processo em produções educacionais contemporâneas

Thesis advisor: Patrick H. Byrne
It has been held in philosophical practice that some matters of reflection have more import than others, and that some are so significant that they may be termed "first philosophy." In contemporary Continental philosophy, the term "event" has become a watchword for a profound change in the orientation of philosophic thought. Indeed, one may say that the discourse surrounding events marks the first decisive development in philosophy since Martin Heidegger penned Being and Time. This is not to say, however, that any consensus has emerged concerning either the character of events, or more importantly what they entail for the meaning of human historical consciousness. To provide such statements, ones that have at least a relative superiority with respect to their rivals, might thus be considered the basic task for first philosophy today. It is to accomplish this double aim that the present work is devoted. These two tasks, articulating the character of events and their significance for human historical consciousness, are here assayed by a movement that is itself double, by a movement of suspicion and affirmation. In the specific case, the present work undertakes a retrieval of Heidegger's understanding of "Ereignis" (or event) after passing through a hermeneutics of suspicion, posed by the criticisms of the contemporary French philosopher Alain Badiou, and returning to an articulation of "Emergence" as a complementary hermeneutics of affirmation. The method by which I undertake this inquiry is what may be called an "infinite hermeneutics," which I intend to be opposed to "finite hermeneutics." By this latter program, "finite hermeneutics," I mean any form of philosophical hermeneutics that is committed to the thesis that human understanding (Verstehen) is finite, or that the objective of inquiry itself is finite, or both of these points. The thesis that human understanding is finite may be found in Kant's proposal that human knowing is distinct from divine knowledge in the respect that human knowing is dependent on receptive intuition, and thus finite, while infinite knowledge is founded on a productive intuition. In the relevant sense, I argue, it may also be found in Heidegger's own thought. One of the major points of the present investigation is to demonstrate in what way a commitment to finitude is highly problematic, and that human knowing, human comprehension, and even the very character of what is known is not finite in any relevant sense. The motivation for such a departure is provided by the criticisms of Badiou, which are here treated as a moment of suspicion. I begin the work with a "Prolegomenon," which reviews in detail the specific challenge Badiou has posed for phenomenological hermeneutics, or any other philosophical position that is committed to the notion that human thought or understanding is finite. As a "Prolegomenon," however, nothing positive for my own position is accomplished there; instead the net result of the study is to produce: (a) an argument against Heideggerian finite hermeneutics, (b) a summary critique of the Badiou's own position, and (c) a clear statement on the eight separate tasks that I set out to accomplish in the argument that follows. The positive aspect of the text, the beginning of the movement of affirmation, thus occurs in "Part I: Infinite Hermeneutics," in which I present a defense of phenomenological hermeneutics as a viable philosophical method. In chapter three I begin by drawing on the work of Paul Ricoeur. My argument is that he is both the very first philosopher to articulate an infinite hermeneutics, and that this account, suitably elaborated throughout his career, is able to meet most of the specific challenges Badiou poses. There does remain, however, three separate points that Ricoeur's thought does not fully explore. In order to remedy those deficiencies, and in order to demonstrate the relative advantage of my hermeneutical position with respect to its competitors, I thus move to produce a new model for hermeneutical thought. Articulating the conditions for this model is the task for chapter four. My task here resolves into three parts. First, I argue for a Galoisian Revolution in phenomenological study, which sets forth a new between hermeneutics and phenomenology study. This relation, second, requires a rearticulation of phenomenological method such that it is "impersonal," as Jean-Paul Sartre's early work suggests. Additionally this relation, third, requires that one be attentive to the structures of consciousness, which is what completes the Galoisian Revolution. In order to support my account of an impersonal phenomenology I engage the contemporary Anglo-American discussions in the philosophy of mind concerning the character of first-person consciousness. In order to specify what is intended by a structure of first-person consciousness, provide a provisional phenomenology of eros. In chapter five I move to articulate the structure of consciousness that serves as the third model for phenomenological hermeneutics. It is at this point that I engage with the work of Bernard Lonergan. My central contention in chapter five is that it is possible to retrieve Longergan's work on cognitional structure as a phenomenology of inquiry for hermeneutical purposes. Taken together, these points, the Ricoeurean defense of hermeneutics, the development of an impersonal phenomenology, and the retrieval of a phenomenology of inquiry, form the hard core of my proposal for infinite hermeneutics. "Part II: On Worlds" concerns the fruits that I can reap from the harvest sown in Part I. In particular, I aim to develop an ecological sense of worlds in response to Badiou's category-theoretic and Heidegger's (early) existential world. My argument moves from an ecological account of natural worlds (chapter six), through a signifying account human worlds (chapter seven), to an account of human historical consciousness and a consideration of catastrophes such as the Shoah and the Encounter (chapter eight). In each of these chapters I focus on developing an account of different kinds of Events, with the aim not only of providing a more serviceable account than my rivals, but also with the hopes of providing a new and better picture of world process. The final section, "Part III: The Metaphysics of Excess" expresses the central Metaphysical claims of the work, especially those concerning Events and the peculiar form I call Emergence. This chapter, in short, constitutes the moment of affirmation in response to the moment of suspicion occasioned by Badiou's criticism of phenomenological hermeneutics. Additionally, however, I produce an argument for the intelligible relation of cosmic space and time with human (lived) space and time, a statement on the new forms of causation entailed by the possibility of Events, and a new account of Truth (to rival Badiou and Heidegger's). The work closes with a summary review of what I have achieved and what yet remains to be accomplished. Though as the title of the conclusion suggests, its main aim is to provide a new statement on the world-view that I work to articulate over the course of the investigation. That world-view, and this is the justification for the subtitle of the present work, is the trans-modern condition, which articulates the existential character of our modern globalized world
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Philosophy

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
O objeto deste estudo são as repercussões do modelo neoliberal na saúde dos trabalhadores de enfermagem que atuam no contexto hospitalar. Os objetivos foram: (I) identificar as características do modelo produtivo neoliberal no trabalho hospitalar e de enfermagem; (II) analisar as implicações do neoliberalismo no processo saúde-doença dos trabalhadores de enfermagem; e (III) propor recomendações à organização do trabalho para minimização dos efeitos do modelo neoliberal na saúde desses trabalhadores. A pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, foi desenvolvida em um hospital universitário localizado no Município do Rio de Janeiro. Os sujeitos são trabalhadores de enfermagem, dos quais 14 são enfermeiros e 20, técnicos de enfermagem. O instrumento de coleta de dados caracteriza-se na entrevista semiestruturada. O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética da instituição na qual se desenvolveu o estudo, sob número de protocolo 365.716, conforme resolução 466/12. A técnica utilizada para o tratamento dos dados coletados é a Análise Temática de Conteúdo, que fez emergir quatro categorias. I) As configurações da organização e processo de trabalho hospitalar no contexto neoliberal, em que se discutem as características dessa organização laboral e do processo de trabalho da enfermagem diante do impacto do modelo neoliberal na forma de gestão. Elabora-se também uma análise dos efeitos desse modelo tanto na previsão e provisão de recursos, humano e material, quanto na precarização dos vínculos de trabalho e seus efeitos sobre a qualidade e a quantidade da produtividade da enfermagem. Discute-se ainda o modo operatório dos trabalhadores de enfermagem diante das transformações do mundo do trabalho, impostas pela influência do neoliberalismo no ambiente hospitalar. II) O modelo neoliberal no ambiente hospitalar: implicações políticas e interpessoais no coletivo de enfermagem, em que se discutem (i) as relações hierárquicas e de poder tecidas nesse contexto; e (ii) o uso e as consequências das tecnologias em saúde e a demanda por capacitação e treinamento dos profissionais. III) Os impactos do modelo neoliberal no processo saúde-doença dos trabalhadores, em que se analisa que, devido à configuração da organização do trabalho, há muitas repercussões negativas para o processo saúde-doença dos trabalhadores, tais como estresse, taquicardia, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, sonolência, sudorese, esgotamento físico e mental, depressão, desgaste físico, cefaleia, dor epigástrica e irritabilidade. IV) As recomendações para melhoria do ambiente de trabalho na ótica dos profissionais, em que (i) se discutem as propostas para melhoria das condições laborais e do processo de trabalho dos profissionais de enfermagem e (ii) se elencam sugestões para minimização dos impactos causados pelas inúmeras formas de precarização presentes nesse contexto laboral, objetivando assim, o incremento da qualidade de vida e da saúde dos trabalhadores. Conclui-se que diversas foram as repercussões do neoliberalismo para o processo e organização do trabalho hospitalar, assim como para a saúde do trabalhador.
The object of this study are the effects of the neoliberal model on health of nursing workers who work in hospitals. The objectives were: (I) identifying the characteristics of the productive neoliberal model in hospital and of nursing; (II) analysing the implications of neoliberalism in the health-disease process of nursing workers; and (III) proposing recommendations to the organization of work for minimization of the effects of the neoliberal model in the health of these workers. The research, of a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory character, was developed in a university hospital located in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. The subjects are nursing staff, including 14 nurses and 20 nursing technicians. The instrument for data collection is characterized in semi-structured interviews. The project was approved by the ethics committee of the institution where the study was developed, under the protocol n. 365.716, in accordance with resolution 466/12. The technique used for the treatment of the collected data is the Content Analysis, which did emerge four categories. I) The settings of the organization and the hospital work process in neoliberal context in which they discuss the characteristics of work organization and process of nursing work on the impact of the neoliberal model in the form of management. Also prepares an analysis of the effects of this model, both in forecasting and provision of resources, human and material, as the precariousness of work contracts and their effects on the quality and quantity of nursing productivity. Still discuss the experimental procedure of nursing on the changing world of work imposed by the influence of neoliberalism in the hospital environment. II) The neoliberal model in the hospital environment: policies and interpersonal implications on the collective nursing, in which we discuss (i) the hierarchical and power relationships woven in this context, and (ii) the use and consequences of health technologies and demand for capacity buiding and training of professionals. III) The impacts of the neoliberal model in the health and illness of workers, who reported that, due to the configuration of work organization, there are many negative repercussions for the health-disease process of workers, such as stress, tachycardia, systemic hypertension, drowsiness, sweating, physical and mental exhaustion, depression, physical fatigue, headache, abdominal pain and irritability. IV) The recommendations for improvement of working environment under the professionals optics, in which (i) is discussed the proposals for improving the working conditions and the working process of nursing professionals and (ii) if recommends suggestions for minimizing the impacts caused by numerous forms of precariousness present in this laboral context, so, looking for the increment of the quality of life and health of workers. It is concluded that were several repercussions from neoliberalism for the process and organization of hospital work, as well as for the health of the work.

Cette thèse interroge et compare les constructions des conditions noires entre Afrique et Amériques Latines. Plus précisément entre la société gabonaise et la société afro-mexicaine. Ces conditions noires sont travaillées par des restes idéologiques et des effets des phénomènes de racialisations et de subalternisations issus des expériences coloniales (Traite esclavagiste et Colonisation). Dans la première partie, il est décrit les itinéraires et les dynamiques de racialisations entre le Gabon et le Mexique Noir. La deuxième partie établit les logiques et les relations de pouvoir entre les deux sociétés. Ces dernières permettent de comparer les enjeux de citoyenneté incarnés sur la couleur des individus entre ces deux contextes. La troisième partie porte une attention aux réponses construites par les individus et les collectifs face à ces logiques et relations de pouvoir entre le Gabon et le Mexique. La quatrième partie montre l’essor des circulations des signes, idées « afro » et leurs incidences au niveau local entre les deux sociétés étudiées. Au travers d’une démarche transatlantique caractérisée par des ethnographies multi-situées, nous établissons une comparaison entre le Gabon et la Costa Chica. Cette dernière nous permet de rendre compte des logiques de pouvoir différentes et similaires, et des effets contemporains de la mondialisation « afro ». Cette dernière provoque des « découvertes » entre sujets afro-américains et africains produisant des sens en traversant l’Atlantique
This thesis questions and compares the constructions of black conditions between Africa and Latin America. More precisely between the Gabonese society and afromexican society. These black conditions are worked by ideological remains and effects of the phenomena of racializations and subalternisations from the colonial experiences (Slavery and Colonization). The first part describes the pathways and racializations dynamic between Gabon and Black Mexico. The second part establishes the logical and power relationship between the two societies. They allow the comparison of the citizenship issues incarnated through the color of individuals in these two contexts. The third part pays attention to the responses built by individuals and groups facing these logics and power relationship between Gabon and Mexico. The fourth section shows the growth of traffic signs, ideas of 'Afro' and their impact at local level between the two societies studied. Through a transatlantic approach characterized by multi-located ethnographies, we compare Gabon and the Costa Chica. It allows us to account for the different logic of power and similarities, and contemporary effects of the globalization of "Afro". The latter causes "discoveries" among African-American and African subjects producing direction across the Atlantic

Le thème des "présences commerciales ethniques", issues du phénomène de la globalisation dansles centres historiques, fait surgir une série de questions liées à l'actuelle transformation urbaine(spatiale et économico/sociale); les commerces ethniques sont en mesure d'engendrer, en mêmetemps, attraction et répulsion, par rapport aux différents facteurs; la recherche effectuée à partir dulaboratoire désigné, le centre historique de Palerme (Italie), analyse ces facteurs multiples.Le travail repose: sur l’analyse des significations et des perceptions "repérables" du commerceethnique, à partir des littératures et des expériences italiennes et françaises, qui voient impliquéesdes figures disciplinaires différentes, l’exploration des transformations urbaines provoquées par lephénomène au niveau spatial sur des cas italiens (Palerme, Florence) et français (Château-Rouge,Paris), l’analyse du cadre de référence des politiques liées à la gestion des commerces dans lescentres historiques et l’individuation de thématiques prééminentes du débat actuel en Italie et enFrance. À la fin de ce parcours, où le thème des commerces ethniques est abordé sous différentspoints de vue qui ont des retombées sur l'espace urbain, la thèse propose la construction d'un"système d'analyse dynamique", au service de l'urbaniste capable de rendre "appréciables" lescaractéristiques différentielles de ces genres de commerces par rapport aux commerces autochtones;en même temps, l’analyse veut être un moyen pour faire surgir les "potentialités" attractives que cescommerces manifestent, dans l'optique d’un emploi dans les stratégies de valorisation et dereclassement des tissus historiques et des systèmes commerciaux qu'ils contiennent
The topic of the "ethnic commercial presences", resulting from the phenomenon of the globalisationin the historical centers, makes emerge a series of questions related to the current urbantransformation (space and économic/social); the “ethnic trade” are able to generate, at the sametime, attraction and repulsion, compared to the various factors; the research carried out startingfrom the indicated laboratory, the historical center of Palermo (Italy), analyzes these multiplefactors.Work is articulated: on the analysis of the significances and "locatable" perceptions of the ethnictrade, starting from the literatures and Italian and French studies cases, which see implied differentdisciplinary figures, the exploration of the urban transformations caused by the phenomenon at thespacial level on Italian cases (Palermo, Florence) and French (Chateau Rouge, Paris), analysis ofthe framework of reference of the policies related to the administration of the trade in the historicalcenters and individuation of preeminent sets of themes of the current debate in Italy and France.At the end of this course, where the topic of the ethnic trade is approached under various “points ofview” which have repercussions on urban space, the thesis proposes one construction of a "dynamicsystem of analysis", at the service of the townplanner able to make "appreciable" the differentialcharacteristics of these paricularies “kinds” of trade compared to the trade autochtones; at the sametime, the analysis wants to be a means to make emerge the gravitational "potentialities" that thesetrade express, in the optics of an employment in the strategies of valorization and reclassification ofhistorical center and the commercial systems which it contain

Depuis 1979, la Chine a entrepris les politiques des Réformes et de l'Ouverture. Cette période marque un tournant de la Chine. La libéralisation du marché, l'industrialisation et l'internationalisation, qui sont réalisées de manière systématique et graduelle, ont permis d'intégrer la Chine dans l'économie mondiale et la mondialisation. En étudiant le processus de la mondialisation et du développement régional en Chine, nous pouvons constater une évolution multipolaire : une transition de l'économie traditionnelle, planifiée et fermée vers une économie moderne et ouverte du marché, une transformation d'une société agricole vers une société industrielle et de services et un changement conceptuel du centrisme chinois et de tradition vers la mondialisation et la modernité. Cette évolution est le résultat des forces irrésistibles de la mondialisation et des expériences de la Chine quant à son refus, sa résistance, son acceptation forcée, et ses essais en matière d'apprentissage vers la mondialisation. Cependant, la croissance n'est pas partagée de manière équilibrée entre les régions de la Chine. En raison des différences dans l'environnement naturel, dans les ressources, dans les structures industrielles, dans le développement social et compte tenu des éléments historiques et politiques, le développement des régions retardées est une question qui relève non seulement de la stabilité économique et politique de la Chine, mais aussi d'une source de durabilité de la croissance chinoise. Les IDE sont un des facteurs contribuant à la croissance économique en Chine, mais ils ne sont pas les seuls facteurs fautifs à l'écart de la disparité en Chine.

Cette thèse est le résultat de l'observation des politiques de développement des pays africains depuis les indépendances dans les années 1960. Il ressort que le continent reste encore dépendant de l'extérieur. De là, les bailleurs de fonds et les institutions de développement internationales ont changé de stratégies en s'orientant vers « la coopération non-Gouvernementale », dont les associations et les O.N.G constituent les canaux d'acheminement de l'aide et des projets pour les institutions et les populations. Malgré ce changement de stratégies, la pauvreté persiste. Ce qui nous conduit à reprendre l'analyse du phénomène du développement en cherchant à expliquer le contraste entre la prolifération des O.N.G dans la lutte pour la réduction de la pauvreté et sa persistance
The results of this study are based on observations made of the development policies of African countries, since the independence of these African countries in 1960. lt appears that the continent is still structurally dependent from outside entities. So, donors and international development institutions have decided to change their strategies and moved towards a new form of cooperation called « Non-Governmental cooperation » by using associations and NGOs as delivery channels to birth projects and aid for institutions as well as populations. With these changes in strategy, the poverty still persists. The subject matter of our research is what explains the contrast betvveen the proliferation of NGOs and non-Poverty reduction solutions and the Iack of actual results

Après la révolution de Janvier 2011, la société tunisienne a connu un retour excessif des islamistes extrémistes sur la scène politique et sociale. Ainsi, les partis politiques, les associations et la société civile ont retourné autour des questions qui concernent les libertés publiques, le Code du Statut Personnel et les droits des femmes. Tout débat concernant le statut du féminin en Tunisie est revenu un sujet d’actualité. La femme tunisienne s’est retrouvée, par conséquent, face aux mêmes problèmes que ses ancêtres. En dépit de son éducation, ses acquis sociaux et sa forte présence dans les administrations publiques et les différents secteurs culturels et économiques, elle doit lutter de nouveaux pour sa liberté, ses acquis, sa condition sociale, mais aussi pour son identité menacée et sa culture territoriale. Le sujet de réflexion de ma recherche a été soulevé suite à ces événements sociopolitiques, qui ont secoué le quotidien de la société tunisienne. Il est ainsi structuré autour des articulations possibles, entre l’appartenance culturelle arabo-musulmane et la société mondialisée d’aujourd’hui, et basé particulièrement sur l’apparence vestimentaire de la femme tunisienne. Mon projet de recherche articule donc la création vestimentaire avec une étude sur la place des femmes dans la société tunisienne aujourd'hui, dans un questionnement sur l’héritage de la tradition et ses interprétations. J’essaie en effet de mettre en évidence un vêtement féminin tunisien, qui pourrait apparaître comme authentique, dans le contexte complexe et conflictuel de l’après-révolution
After the January 2011 revolution, Tunisian society has seen an excessive return of extremist Islamists to the political and social scene. Thus, political parties, associations and civil society have returned to issues concerning public freedoms, the Personal Status Code and women's rights. Any debate concerning the status of women in Tunisia has become a topical issue. As a result, Tunisian women found themselves facing the same problems as their ancestors. Despite its education, its social achievements and its strong presence in public administrations and in the various cultural and economic sectors, it must fight for new ones for its freedom, its achievements, its social condition, but also for its threatened identity and its territorial culture. The subject of reflection of my research was raised following these socio-political events, which shook the daily life of Tunisian society. It is thus structured around possible articulations, between Arab-Muslim cultural affiliation and today's globalized society, and based particularly on the clothing appearance of Tunisian women. My research project therefore combines clothing design with a study on the place of women in Tunisian society today, in a questioning on the heritage of tradition and its interpretations. I am trying to highlight a Tunisian women's clothing, which could appear authentic, in the complex and conflictual context of the post-revolution period

Les entreprises multinationales (EMN) sont les principaux moteurs des activités de commerce et d’investissement mondiales en raison de leur capacité à encourager les interdépendances (économiques) entre les marchés nationaux et régionaux. La communauté internationale en sciences de gestion a ainsi fourni un effort substantiel pour développer des cadres théoriques qui expliquent le raisonnement et évaluent le statut et les progrès de l’internationalité/ regionalité des EMN. Ce faisant, des recherches antérieures, par exemple Rugman and Verbeke (2004) ou Rosa et al. (2020), proposent que le concept de globalisation au niveau de l’entreprise, au sens de répartition géographique équilibrée des revenus à travers la triade, est vide de sens et est un cas particulier mais pas général.Le présent travail examine la littérature existante dans ce domaine de recherche spécifique et s’appuie sur des données longitudinales des EMN européennes pour une évaluation empirique. L’ensemble de la littérature définissant et conceptualisant les différents types de firmes (internationales) est ainsi passé en revue et analysé tout en étudiant plus de 100 travaux évalués par des pairs et monographiques. En outre, il est évalué comment la régionalité et la globalité des EMN sont opérationnalisées et mesurées. De même, un examen et une analyse détaillés des recherches prenant en compte les systèmes de classification des EMN et contribuant au débat régional et global sont proposés. Sur la base de 253 échantillons de données, il est ainsi démontré que 85.0%, soit 28,575 des 33,632 entreprises, sont classées comme EMN régionales. En conséquence, des recherches antérieures indiquent que ces EMN sont – malgré leurs interdépendances – essentiellement régionales.Par ailleurs, le présent travail contribue au débat existant sur les EMN régionales et globales sur la base de l’analyse des données longitudinales des EMN européennes. En utilisant les données sur les revenus et des employés, les EMN répertoriées dans le CAC40 et DAX30 sont en forte augmentation dans l’orientation interrégionale tout au long de la période 2005-2015. En conséquence et avec la disparition de l’orientation vers la région d’origine, la part des EMN orientées vers la région d’origine diminue de 32.8%, passant de 81.3% en 2005 à 48.4% en 2015. L’examen des données suggère que la croissance vers l’interrégionalité est progrès-sive, tandis que les cases sélectionnées illustrent que le développement est également complété par de grandes étapes. Ainsi, ces apports contrastent avec les travaux précédent, le présent travail offre alors une perspective complète et actualisée des EMN régionales et globales
Multinational enterprises (MNEs) act as the key drivers of world trade and investment activities due to their ability to facilitate (economic) interdependencies across national and regional markets. The international business and management research community has thereby shown a substantial effort to develop theoretical frameworks that explain the reasoning for and assess the status and progress of MNE internationality/regionality. In doing so, previous research, as original as by Rugman and Verbeke (2004a) and as recent as by Rosa et al. (2020), renders the concept of firm-level globalization, in terms of a balanced geographic distribution of sales across the triad, as meaningless and a special but not the general case.For the generation of a holistic view, the present work examines the existing literature from this specific research field and considers longitudinal data from European MNEs for an empirical assessment. The body of literature defining and conceptualizing the different kinds of (international) firms is thus reviewed and analyzed while accessing more than 100 excerpts from peer-reviewed and monographic works. In addition, it is assessed how MNE regionality and globality are operationalized and measured. Likewise, a detailed review and analysis of the research that considers MNE classification systems and contributes to the regional and global debate is provided. Based on 253 data samples, it is thereby shown that 85.0% or 28,575 of the 33,632 firms are classified as home region-oriented MNEs. In consequence, prior research indicates that these MNEs are – despite their interdependencies – dominantly (home-) regional.In extension, the present work contributes to the existing debate on regional and global MNEs based on the analysis of longitudinal data from European MNEs. Using sales and employee data, MNEs listed in CAC40 and DAX30 are substantially increasing in interregional orientation throughout the 2005-2015 period. In consequence and with home-region orientation fading, the stake of home region-oriented MNEs decreases by 32.8% from 81.3% in 2005 to 48.4% in 2015. The additional data review suggests that growth into interregional orientation is incremental while selected cases exemplify that the development is not only gradual but also complemented by big steps, such as connected with foreign M&A activities. While these insights are in contrast with the original narrative, the present work provides a comprehensive and updated perspective on regional and global MNEs
Multinationale Unternehmungen (MNU) sind die Haupttreiber der Welthandels- und Investi-tionstätigkeit, da sie (wirtschaftliche) Abhängigkeiten zwischen nationalen und regionalen Märkten fördern. Die internationale Forschungsgemeinschaft für Wirtschaft und Management hat daher erhebliche Anstrengungen unternommen, um einen theoretischen Bezugsrahmen zu entwickeln, der die Gründe für sowie den Status und die Entwicklung der Internationalität/ Regionalität von MNU erläutert und bewertet. Frühere Forschungsarbeiten, bspw. von Rugman and Verbeke (2004) und Rosa et al. (2020), ordnen dem Konzept der Globalisierung auf Unternehmensebene, d.h. eine geografische Verteilung von Umsätzen innerhalb der Triade, eine bedeutungslose Rolle zu, die einen besonderen und nicht den Regelfall wiederspiegelt.Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Forschung aus diesem spezifischen Bereich und berücksichtigt Längsschnittdaten von europäischen MNU für eine eigene Analyse. Die Literatur, welche die verschiedenen Arten von (internationalen) Unternehmungen definiert und konzeptualisiert, wird daraufhin analysiert, wobei auf mehr als 100 Auszüge aus von Experten begutachteten und monografischen Werke zurückgegriffen wird. Darüber hinaus wird bewertet, wie Regionalität und Globalität von MNU operationalisiert und gemessen wird. Ebenso wird eine detaillierte Überprüfung und Analyse der Forschung bereitgestellt, die innerhalb des Diskurses die Klassifikation von MNU berücksichtigt. Anhand von 253 Datenstichproben wird dabei verdeutlicht, dass 85.0% oder 28,575 der 33,632 Unternehmungen als Heimatregionen-orientierte MNU eingestuft werden. Somit zeigt die bestehende Forschung, dass MNU – trotz der bestehenden Abhängigkeiten – überwiegend (Heimatregionen-orientiert und) regional sind.Die vorliegende Arbeit trägt auf Basis der Erhebung und Analyse von Längsschnittdaten von europäischen MNU auch zur bestehenden Debatte über regionale und globale MNU bei. Die Auswertung von Umsatz- und Mitarbeiterdaten von CAC40 und DAX30 gelisteten MNU zeigt dabei, dass sich die interregionale Ausrichtung im Zeitraum von 2005 bis 2015 deutlich verstärkt. Mit abnehmender Heimatregionen-Orientierung sinkt dabei der Anteil der regionalen MNU um 32.8% von 81.3% im Jahre 2005 auf 48.4% im Jahr 2015. Die weitere Datenanalyse zeigt auch, dass die Veränderung zu einer interregionalen Orientierung graduell erfolgt, wäh-rend ausgewählte Fälle verdeutlichen, dass auch sog. „große Schritte“ möglich sind. Da diese Erkenntnisse im Gegensatz zur ursprünglichen Forschung stehen, bietet die vorliegende Arbeit eine übergreifende und aktualisierte Perspektive für regional- und global-orientierte MNU