Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Global values'
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Zhang, Yue. "Design for Global Markets Balancing Unilateral Global Brands with Local Cultural Values." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1250534240.
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Thesis (Master of Design)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.Advisor: Craig M Vogel. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Jan. 15, 2010). Includes abstract. Keywords: product design; culture; brand; international; globalization; localization; markets. Includes bibliographical references.
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Oner, Asli. "Integration of local cultural values in global hotel design." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1273162.
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In the earlier stages of globalization, global chain hotel design did not have specific concerns about local culture and host country. In the last two decades, these hotels became more respectful towards the local culture by integrating local cultural elements and construction techniques in their design. The reasons for this shift is directly linked with globalization, increased competition between cities, fierce competition between urban hotels, and changing demands of the global travelers.Among the hotels integrating local cultural values, there is a specific niche that has established their businesses in historical landmark buildings. This thesis will demonstrate the presence of this specific hotel niche through case studies conducted in London and Istanbul. It will examine how the integration of local cultural values may improve the competiveness of global chain hotels. The focus will be on integration of historic cultural values.Department of Architecture
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Vladimirova, Ekaterina. "Values for sustainable future: transforming values in the context of climate change and global environmental degradation." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/241295.
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Hatley, Jenny. "The values of global citizenship education and implications for social justice." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2018. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/126579/.
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Target 4.7 of the Sustainable Development Goals promotes Global Citizenship Education as a vehicle to develop the skills, values and attitudes of learners so that they may work towards the resolution of the interconnected challenges facing the world today. Underpinning UNESCO’s approach to global citizenship education are ‘Universal Values’ said to apply to all people everywhere on the basis of a common humanity. I adopt the position that values act as motivators of action and that values also enable evaluation of which actions are deemed desirable and worthwhile. Which values are promoted can motivate action in directions which may serve some agendas over others. With the critique that UNESCO furthers the dominance of western powers, the role of universal values to motivate the action of global citizens towards mutual human wellbeing or towards action that serves the powerful, becomes a key area for analysis. Using a multimodal critical discourse analysis of 8 key documents within UNESCO’s Global Citizenship Education, I argue that UNESCO exhibit a controlled narrative around values and have defined the ‘appropriate’ global citizen. In so doing, UNESCO influence the subjectivities of global citizens according to UNESCO’s agenda and this furthers the agenda of western powers. Further, I argue that UNESCO’s values are abstract and divorced from social contexts. This denies recognition of alternative values and ways of doing global citizenship more suited to local contexts potentially engendering greater participation as global citizens. Drawing on Fraser’s concept of justice as Participatory Parity, I argue that UNESCO’s misrecognition of these alternatives is unjust and further that this is potentially generative of the injustices of misrepresentation and maldistribution, compounding a lack of participatory parity. I conclude that UNESCO must afford recognition to alternative values and ways of doing global citizenship such that global citizenship education becomes more socially just.
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Ryoo, Gyoung-ae Lydia. "Discovering a set of core values for Korean missionary training in Korean context for effective ministry in cross-cultural missions a case study of Global Missionary Training Center in Seoul, Korea /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.
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Dias, Luis Renato Gonçalves. "Regularity at infinity and global fibrations of real algebraic maps." Thesis, Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10007/document.
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Soit f:K^n-->K^p une application semi-algébrique de classe C^2 pour K=R, ou une application polynomiale pour K=C. Il est bien connu que f est une fibration localement triviale sur le complémentaire des valeurs de bifurcation B(f). Dans ce travail nous considérons la t-régularité et la rho-régularité dans l'étude de B(f). Nous démontrons que t-régularité est équivalent aux conditions de Rabier (1997), Gaffney (1999), Kurdyka, Orro, Simon (2000) et Jelonek (2003). On démontre que t-régularité implique rho-régularité. Avec la rho-régularité, on démontre un théorème de structure pour l'ensemble des valeurs non rho-régulières S(f). On démontre aussi que B(f) est inclus dans A_{rho}, où A_{rho} est l'union de f(Sing f) et S(f). Nous étudions aussi deux classes d'applications: les applications fair et les applications Newton non-dégénérées. Pour les fair, on obtient une interprétation de la t-régularité en termes de la clôture intégrale des modules, ce que étende le résultat de Gaffney (1999). Pour les Newton non dégénérées, nous obtenons une approximation de B(f), ce qui étende le résultat de Némethi et Zaharia (1990) et celui de Chen et Tibar (2012). Dans la dernière partie, on discute quelques conséquences:1).la t-régularité pour f:X --> K^p, où X est une variété lisse; 2).le problème de bijectivité des applications; 3).une formule pour calculer la caractéristique d'Euler des fibres régulières de f: R^n-->R^{n-1}. Les résultats présentés brièvement ci-dessus généralisent aussi certains résultats de Némethi et Zaharia (1990), Siersma et Tibar (1995), Paunescu et Zaharia (1997), Parusinski (1995) et Tibar (1998)Let f:K^n-->K^p be a C^2 semi-algebraic mapping for K=R and a polynomial mapping for K=C. It is well-known that f is a locally trivial topological fibration over the complement of the bifurcation set B(f). In this work, we consider the t-regularity and rho-regularity to study B(f). We show that t-regularity is equivalent to regularity conditions of Rabier (1997), Gaffney (1999), Kurdyka, Orro, Simon (2000) and Jelonek (2003). We prove that t-regularity implies rho-regularity. From rho-regularity, we define the set of non rho-regular values S(f), and the set A_{rho}, which is the union of f(Sing f) and S(f). We prove a structure theorem for S(f) and A_{rho}. We also obtain that B(f) is contained in A_{rho}. We study also two classes of maps, the fair maps and the Newton non-degenerate maps. For fair maps, we give an interpretation of t-regularity in terms of integral closure of modules, which is a real counterpart of Gaffney's result (1999). For non-degenerate maps, we obtain an approximation for B(f) through a set which depends on the Newton polyhedron of f (results like this have been obtained by Némethi and Zaharia (1990) and by Chen and Tibar (2012)). To finish, we discuss some consequences of our work: the t-regularity for maps f: X-->K^p, where X is a smooth affine variety; the problem of bijectivity of semi-algebraic maps; and a formula to compute the Euler characteristic of regular fibers of f:R^n-->R^{n-1}. The above results are also extensions of some results obtained, for polynomial functions f:K^n-->K, by Némethi and Zaharia (1990), Siersma and Tibar (1995), Paunescu and Zaharia (1997), Parusinski (1995) and Tibar (1998)
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Ojala, Maria. "Hope and worry: Exploring young people's values, emotions, and behavior regarding global environmental problems /." Örebro : Örebro University : Universitetsbiblioteket, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-991.
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Hashim, Mohd Adnan. "The Perception and Influence of Global Brands on the Cultural Values of Malaysia's Middle Class." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.519723.
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Olausson, Justine. "EPA’s & Problematizing Development: Discourse, Design, Values." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21082.
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This thesis investigates and problematizes the notion of development in the context of the EU-ACP EPA agreements with a particular focus on Kenya. Official statements, documents, empirical observation and qualitative interviews conducted in Nairobi and Kagwe, Kenya in April of 2009 provide empirical data. Applying the concepts of international trade theory, capacity developments complex adaptive systems approach and supplementing these concepts with an underlying thread of axiology, this paper seeks to explore the drastically divided and widely differing definitions of the situation, world views and casual beliefs in viewing the EPA development tool for what it is vs. what it means. By problematizing the notion of development, the findings suggest that it seems as though much of the dissonance between what constitutes development, what the ‘problem’ is, why it exists, and what the ‘solution’ is, is the result of a clash between theoretical models and the informal concepts of how things get done in a particular context. Thus, it is difficult seeing the EPAs functioning as a tool for a form of development that would suit the values, norms, and voices involved in conceptualizing development.
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Low, Tiffany Anne. "Influence of consumer values and sustainable business practices on brand loyalty within luxury hotels." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/323658.
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Despite the recent recession, the economic growth of recent decades has created a group of so-called ‘Global-Elites’ (CeMoRe, 2010). Small in number, but high in net worth and influence they are influential in the creation of, and desire for consumption, often portrayed as luxury, privilege, prestige, and 'class'. The tourism industry has also benefited from growth, with demand predicted to double by the year 2020, reaching an estimated $14.95 billion (World Tourism & Travel Council, 2010). Much of this growth has been at the top end, as Keissling et. al. (2009) note an unprecedented rise in demand for the luxury hotel sector over the past decade. The global elite’s leisure consumption practices require considerable research attention, and yet research into luxury services, such as hotels and associated hospitality services, is greatly undeveloped. Atwal and Williams (2008) note the ability of consumption as a means for consumers to make statements about themselves, and nowhere is this more true than in the world of the Global-Elite, who seemingly having no desire to curb current travel activities (Elliott & Urry, 2009). This may be due to the uncertainty that is felt about future travel opportunities, with environmental decline of natural and heritage attractions paralleled by numerous threats to travel such as peak oil and political instability. However, in recent years, there has been increased interest in the study of ethical consumption in the tourism arena (e.g. Novelli, 2005; Sharpley, 2006; Lansing & Vries, 2006; Yeoman et. al., 2006). Although there appears to be incompatibility between the concepts of luxury and concerns around ethical consumption and sustainability, this research posits that while current transitions (around travel and tourism) continue towards further unsustainability (Cohen, 2010), ethical consumption may provide an avenue for social distinction and status differentiation in the world of the Global-Elites. In order to adequately understand the behavioural intentions of the Global-Elites, the synergy between consumer values, luxury dimensions and ethical consumption needs to be explored. This research examines the influence of consumer values, as a more universal measure of intent, in relation to ethical consumption in luxury hotels. This research argues that by reducing the uncertainty related to the degree to which consumers (Global-Elites) value ethical consumption, deeper insights into these apparently incompatible spaces and places for ethical consumption will be obtained. Furthermore, luxury hotels will be able to assess the suitability of marketing and communicating such strategies to their customers.
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Squire, Philip. "How can a 'client-centric values' approach to selling lead to the 'co-creation' of a new global selling mindset?" Thesis, Middlesex University, 2009. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/9548/.
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This dissertation explores the extent to which a values-based approach to developing relationships between sales people and their customers enhances sales performance. Traditional approaches to selling have outlived their usefulness – whilst they purport to be based on models that are customer-centric, they are based on perspectives of sellers and are not, therefore, aligned to the needs of customers. Empirical Research with 83 customers and key account managers provides the basis for an emerging values construct based on four differentiating values for outstanding sales performance and four negative values that produce poor performance. Action Research Living Theory is used to develop and validate the emergent values constructs on 'live' sales opportunities. The relational issues of Key Account Management and Selling Global and Complex are discussed within the context of the proposed values construct.
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Venter, Catharina Helena. "Determining the need for environmental education in the curriculum of management learners on tertiary level / Catharina Helena Venter." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4155.
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Dwindling natural resources, the impact of the green house effect and infrastructure
that is resource intensive are becoming a global problem. Signs of unsustainability
can be identified in various events worldwide.
T he above poses an important quest ion: who should be responsible for the
protection of natural resources? This question is debatable when reference is ma de
to groups such as governments, consumers and business organisations. However,
the destruction of the environment cannot continue and it becomes a problem that
should be pondered by humanity at large. This leads to the role of education in
environmental protection, and in this study specifically to the education of managers.
An organisation's base rests on management's philosophy, values, vision and goals.
Clearly, a manager 's influence can have immense influence on the organisation, its
goals and involvement in environmental protect ion.
Taking the above into consideration, this study's objective is to determine if
environmental education should be included in the curriculum of management
learners on tertiary level. To achieve this objective, exploratory research-was used-to
learn more about the dilemma or problem identified. Through interviews (qualitative
research) with interest groups such as managers, lecturers and learners in
management studies, the attitude of these groups were tested regarding the above
objective.
Based on the study the following recommendations could be made:
• The state of the environment is of great concern and is a global phenomenon
affecting all humanity, not only certain groups.
• Managers can play a much greater role in the protection of the environment.
• Governments and people in leadership positions should decide and put
legislation in place that could play an important role in the protection of the
environment.Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
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Dann, Christine R. "From earth's last islands: The global origins of Green politics." Lincoln University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1905.
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Since World War Two the world has undergone a profound economic and political transformation, from an international economy and internationalist politics to a global economy and globalist politics. The Bretton Woods international financial institutions have 'structurally adjusted' Third World countries, and similar structural reforms have occurred in First World countries. The environmental consequences of globalising economic activity have been severe and also global; the social consequences of the structural reform process are equally severe. National sovereignty has been radically compromised by globalisation, and previous nationally-based initiatives to manage the activities of capital in order to mitigate its negative impacts on society and the environment, such as social democrat/labour politics, have ceded their authority to globalism. Green parties have arisen to contest the negative environmental and social consequences of the global expansion of capital, and are replacing socialist parties as a global antisystemic political force. Green politics had its origins in the world-wide 'new politics' of the New Left and the new social movements of the 1960s, and the world's first two Green parties were formed in Australia and New Zealand in 1972. A general history of the global forces which gave rise to Green politics, and a specific history of the first two Green parties, demonstrate the interplay of global and local political forces and themes, and provide an opportunity to redefine the core elements of Green politics.
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Gillett, Ailsa M. "Global connections: A case study of how and why Australian teachers connect their students with Cambodian communities." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/97975/1/Ailsa_Gillett_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis is a case study of programs in two schools connecting Australian students with communities in Cambodia. It examines the teachers’ practices and rationales for implementing such programs through the lenses of Global Education, Intercultural Understanding and Values Education. The findings of this research demonstrate the interconnectivity of these themes, and the importance of teacher experience and readiness to develop Intercultural Understanding.
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Liao, Mary E. "Spirituality and development discourses in Namibia." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2000. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14092.
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The overall goal of this thesis is to examine the newly emerging ideas and practices of spirituality and development. Spirituality and development will be discussed within the broader discourses of alternative development critiques. The issues that arise in the attempts to translate ideas of spirituality and development into practice are examined. The theoretical underpinnings of spirituality and development are analyzed, based on a literature review of spiritual, anti-colonial, post-colonial, feminist, environmental, radical economic, eco-feminist, ecumenical, geographical and anthropological critiques of development. The thesis then explores the discourses of spirituality and development within three Northern donor agencies; the International Development and Research Centre (IDRC), the World Bank and the World Council of Churches (WCC).
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Karlsson, Sylvia. "Multilayered Governance : Pesticides in the South - environmental concerns in a globalised world." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Univ, 2000. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2000/arts218s.htm.
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Subramaniam, Surainder. "Situating global ideas in local discourses a comparative study of the transferability of values, norms, and cultures of liberal democratic governance in contemporary Malaysia and Singapore /." access full-text online access from Digital dissertation consortium, 2001. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3020987.
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Korach, Jill Karen. "The Primacy of Place: The Importance of Personal-Nature Connections for Conservation and Communities." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1574245855547205.
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Ribeiro, Pedro Cabrita Guedes. "Standards e valores europeus num mundo multipolar : o caso do acordo global de investimento UE-China." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/22823.
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Mestrado Bolonha em Economia Internacional e Estudos EuropeusEsta dissertação analisa o papel que a União Europeia (UE) deve ocupar no contexto da multipolaridade mundial. Não obstante o contexto adverso, procura analisar-se se a União Europeia conseguirá projetar os seus standards e valores fundamentais, de modo a ocupar uma posição cimeira em matéria de influência internacional. Este trabalho discute e compara os meios ao dispor da UE para exercer influência regulatória e projetar preferências sociais noutras zonas geográficas de influência. Pode fazê-lo através de mecanismos de mercado - "efeito Bruxelas" -, de acordos bilaterais e de jurisprudência emanada do Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia (TJUE). Existe consenso quanto à importância do “efeito Bruxelas” e da jurisprudência do TJUE na influência da União a nível global. Contudo, no tocante aos Acordos bilaterais coexistem opiniões discordantes. A análise pormenorizada, comparativa e crítica efetuada acerca do conteúdo do Acordo Global de Investimento UE-China, permite identificar e compreender em que questões a UE, ao utilizar Acordos bilaterais, consegue afirmar-se enquanto líder global. Conclui-se que a UE consegue “exportar” muito da sua regulamentação interna através do “efeito Bruxelas”, mas apenas algumas preferências sociais por meio dos acordos bilaterais.
This dissertation focuses on both global multi-polarity and the role the European Union (EU) should play in it, despite adverse conditions. To what extent does the EU succeed in exporting its standards and core values, in order to achieve an upper position in the international sphere of influence. This research paper analyses and compares available tools the EU may use to exercise regulatory influence and project social preferences: market mechanisms (i.e., the “Brussels effect”), bilateral agreements and the European jurisprudence from the Court of Justice. The relevance of both the “Brussels effect” and the jurisprudence of the European Union Court on EU influence at a global level are consensual. However, regarding bilateral agreements, dissenting opinions coexist. A detailed, comparative and critical analysis of the EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment is performed at several levels, aiming to identify and understand in which matters the European Union can assert itself as a world leader through bilateral agreements. It is concluded that the European Union manages to “export” much of its regulation through the “Brussels effect”, but only a few social preferences through its bilateral agreements.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Ng, Yin-ling. "The role of global culture and values in regard to the family life cycle in Hong Kong with specific regard to young adults' perceptions of marriage, parenthood and family responsibility in late modernity." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/22782/.
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Globalization is changing the traditional models of family and family interaction. Considerable social, economic and demographic changes have taken place in advanced societies, leading to wide-ranging changes in the family. In Hong Kong, young people’s perception on family seems changing rapidly as well. This study attempts to explore and examine the possible effects of global culture and values on local Chinese cultural heritage with specific regard to young adults’ perceptions on marriage, parenthood and family obligation in the global world of late modernity where conditions of risks and uncertainties require careful illumination. The emphasis is upon the ways in which local Chinese culture responds to globalization from the perspective of family developmental theory and eco-systemic approach. The research is a cross-sectional multi-methods exploration of attitudes held by young people about family building in Hong Kong, utilizing focus groups, survey and individual interviews as the key research techniques. It adopts non-probability sampling in the three stages of the research that includes a mix of purposive and snowball sampling in six focus groups; quota sampling in a survey with 1132 young people being interviewed and purposive sampling in semi-structured interviews. The findings suggest that in Hong Kong society, traditional Chinese moral values are still emphasized and endorsed, but it is observed that some western global values have begun to take root and these values might, according to the findings, be increasingly represented within the Hong Kong young people’s values systems. Today young people experience challenges and changes in family-related roles and personal lifestyles. Complete transition to adulthood has been delayed with increased dependence on parents. The consequences of this for Hong Kong family life remains however an unfolding story. In addition, this study examines various constraints to family building and implications for new policy and programme responses are discussed as well.
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Moore, Roxanne Adele. "Value-based global optimization." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44750.
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Computational models and simulations are essential system design tools that allow for improved decision making and cost reductions during all phases of the design process. However, the most accurate models are often computationally expensive and can therefore only be used sporadically. Consequently, designers are often forced to choose between exploring many design alternatives with less accurate, inexpensive models and evaluating fewer alternatives with the most accurate models. To achieve both broad exploration of the alternatives and accurate determination of the best alternative with reasonable costs incurred, surrogate modeling and variable accuracy modeling are used widely. A surrogate model is a mathematically tractable approximation of a more expensive model based on a limited sampling of that model, while variable accuracy modeling involves a collection of different models of the same system with different accuracies and computational costs. As compared to using only very accurate and expensive models, designers can determine the best solutions more efficiently using surrogate and variable accuracy models because obviously poor solutions can be eliminated inexpensively using only the less expensive, less accurate models. The most accurate models are then reserved for discerning the best solution from the set of good solutions.
In this thesis, a Value-Based Global Optimization (VGO) algorithm is introduced. The algorithm uses kriging-like surrogate models and a sequential sampling strategy based on Value of Information (VoI) to optimize an objective characterized by multiple analysis models with different accuracies. It builds on two primary research contributions. The first is a novel surrogate modeling method that accommodates data from any number of analysis models with different accuracies and costs. The second contribution is the use of Value of Information (VoI) as a new metric for guiding the sequential sampling process for global optimization. In this manner, the cost of further analysis is explicitly taken into account during the optimization process.
Results characterizing the algorithm show that VGO outperforms Efficient Global Optimization (EGO), a similar global optimization algorithm that is considered to be the current state of the art. It is shown that when cost is taken into account in the final utility, VGO achieves a higher utility than EGO with statistical significance. In further experiments, it is shown that VGO can be successfully applied to higher dimensional problems as well as practical engineering design examples.
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Marin, Pérez José Aramis. "La construction de la valeur en entrepreneuriat social : proposition d’un modèle pour la conception d’une valeur globale." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0285/document.
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Dans cette thèse nous nous intéressons à comprendre comment les entrepreneurs sociaux créent de la valeur. Notre objectif est de modéliser le processus de création de valeur que nous avons observé sur un projet de circuits courts à travers d’une méthodologie de recherche intervention. La sociologie de la traduction et l’analyse de discours ont été mobilisés pour rendre compte de la complexité dans la définition, la perception et le partage de la valeur du dit projet d’entreprise social. Nous voulons démontrer que la création de valeur dans l'entrepreneuriat social est un processus de traduction interactif, dynamique et complexe, parmi une multitude des visions et représentations sur la satisfaction des besoins, propres à chaque partie prenante, qui vont toucher ne pas seulement au domaine de la conception, réalisation et valorisation de l’activité économique, mais aussi leurs répercussions dans le domaine social et environnemental. Nous avons observé que les entrepreneurs sociaux construisent la valeur de leur projet en repérant un besoin social, ou en s’engageant dans une idéale de société, qu’ils vont incorporer à son échelle personnelle des valeurs, fruit d’un contexte et d’une histoire particulière. Cette appropriation va déterminer l’intentionnalité de leur action entrepreneuriale dont la pérennité dépendra du soutien du réseau et de la cohérence globale de l’organisation elle-même. Nous avons proposé donc, au niveau terrain l’amélioration d’un outil heuristique pour accompagner la création de valeur, et au niveau théorique un cadre pour comprendre l’agir des entrepreneurs et la perception de leurs parties prenantesIn this thesis, we are interested in understanding how social entrepreneurs create value. Our goal is to model the process of value creation that we observed on a short supply chain project through an action research methodology. The sociology of translation and discourse analysis have been used to take into account the complexity of the definition, the perception and the process of sharing the value of a social enterprise project. We want to demonstrate that value creation in social entrepreneurship is an interactive, dynamic and complex translation process. It takes into account a multitude of visions and representations on the satisfaction of the needs of each stakeholder that will affect not only the design and the implementation of economic activity, but also their social and environmental impact. We have observed that social entrepreneurs construct the value of their project by identifying a social need, or by committing themselves to a societal ideal that they will incorporate into their values on a personal scale. This adoption process will determine the intentionality of their entrepreneurial action, the sustainability of which will depend on the support of their network and the overall coherence of the organization itself. We therefore proposed, at the field level, the improvement of a heuristic tool to support value creation and, at the theoretical level, a framework for understanding social entrepreneurship based on the actions of entrepreneurs and the perception of their stakeholders
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López, Lomelí Miguel Angel. "Global, local and glocal brands in emerging markets: sources of brand value and brand purchase likelihood." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/399555.
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Esta tesis doctoral tiene como objetivo dar respuesta a tres preguntas principales de investigación: RQ (1) ¿Cuáles son los antecedentes que aumentan la probabilidad de compra de marca local en mercados emergentes (EMS), existen factores específicos para las marcas de alimentos y las marcas de prendas de vestir? RQ (2) ¿Cómo se pueden clasificar las marcas presentes en el mercado en Global, Local y Glocal con base en las percepciones del consumidor, son los resultados de estas categorizaciones basadas en el consumidor similares a las categorizaciones que están basadas en criterios objetivos? RQ (3) ¿Es la relación entre los antecedentes previamente identificados y la probabilidad de compra de marca similar para las marcas globales, locales y glocales que compiten en la misma categoría, o son diferentes para cada tipo de marca? Se ha identificado que existe un vacío en la literatura con respecto a estas preguntas y este trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo aportar conocimientos sobre estas relaciones.
El primer ensayo examina los antecedentes en relación con la probabilidad de compra de marca para las marcas locales. El segundo ensayo examina cómo la categorización de marcas basada en las percepciones de los consumidores difiere de las categorizaciones estándar que se encuentran en la literatura, y el tercer ensayo examina cómo estos antecedentes influyen positivamente en la probabilidad de compra de la marca, en los diferentes tipos de marcas, y si hay un factor con el rol de moderador en estas relaciones.
Los resultados de estos tres ensayos sugieren: en el estudio 1 del primer ensayo, que tres factores influyen positivamente la probabilidad de compra de las marcas locales de alimentos y también muestran que para los consumidores más jóvenes, existe un factor adicional. En el estudio 2 del primer ensayo, cinco factores están positivamente relacionados con probabilidad de compra de las marcas de ropa locales. El ensayo 2, ofrece una categorización de algunas marcas líderes que se venden en el mercado mexicano, en global, local y glocal, basadas en la perspectiva del consumidor. Los hallazgos sugieren que existen diferencias relevantes entre los resultados de la categorización de marcas basada en la percepción del consumidor y la categorización de marcas basada en enfoques objetivos tradicionales encontrados en la literatura. En el ensayo 3, algunos antecedentes se relacionan positivamente con la probabilidad de compra de la marca, y son relevantes para todas las categorías de marcas. Nuestros resultados sugieren que el tipo de marca modera algunas de estas relaciones.
Todos estos estudios se llevaron a cabo entre consumidores mexicanos y los datos fueron analizados con pruebas estadísticas y ecuaciones estructurales.
Esta investigación contribuye al conocimiento académico actual poniendo en relieve las siguientes áreas: 1, desarrolla y prueba un modelo integral de los antecedentes de la probabilidad de compra de marca que combina varias teorías y corrientes de investigación. 2, desarrolla una tipología para medir cuatro tipos de marcas, ampliando la teoría de Steenkamp de De Jong al contexto del estudio de marcas.
3, desarrolla y prueba hipótesis del papel moderador del tipo de marca y sus efectos en la relación de estos antecedentes y la probabilidad de compra de la marca.
Todo lo anterior se llevó a cabo dentro de un contexto de mercados emergentes. Además, nuestro trabajo de investigación contribuye al ámbito de la gestión, proporcionando conocimientos adicionales para la gerencia de marca en los mercados emergentes, que les permiten desarrollar estrategias de marca y de comercialización sostenibles, buscando tener éxito en un entorno globalmente competitivo.This doctoral dissertation aims to address three main Research Questions: RQ (1) What are the antecedents that enhance local brand purchase likelihood in emerging markets (EMs), and are there specific factors for food and clothing brands? RQ (2) How can brands present in the market be classified into Global, Local and Glocal based on consumer perceptions, and are the results of these consumer-based categorisations similar to the categorisations based on objective criteria? RQ (3) Is the relationship between previously-identified brand antecedents and brand-purchase likelihood similar for global, local and glocal brands competing in the same category, or different for each type of brand? A gap in the literature has been identified regarding these questions and this research work aims to provide insights into these relationships. The first essay examines the antecedents of the brand purchase likelihood for local brands. The second essay examines how consumer perceptions of brand categorisation differ from the standard categorisations found in the literature, and the third essay examines how these antecedents positively influence the brand purchase likelihood of the different types of brands, and if there is a moderating role in these relationships. The findings of these three essays suggest the following: in study 1 of essay 1, three factors positively influence local food-brand purchase likelihood and also show that, for younger consumers, an additional factor is present. In study 2 of essay 1, five factors are positively related with local clothing-brand purchase likelihood. Essay 2 provides a categorisation of some leading brands sold in the Mexican market into global, local and glocal, based on consumer perspective. The findings suggest that there are relevant differences in the results of this categorisation of brands vs. the traditional objective approaches found in the literature. In essay 3 some antecedents are positively related with brand purchase likelihood, and, in addition, relevant to all brand categories. Our results suggest that the type of brand moderates some of these relationships. All these surveys were conducted among Mexican consumers and data analysed with statistical tests and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Our research work contributes to the current academic body of knowledge by highlighting the following areas:1, by combining theories from different streams to develop and test a comprehensive model of drivers of brand purchase likelihood. 2, by developing a typology to measure four types of brands by extending Steenkamp and De Jong’s theory to the branding context. 3, by hypothesising and testing the moderating role of brand type on the effects of these theoretically-grounded drivers of purchase likelihood. All of the above takes place within an emerging-market context. In addition, our research work contributes to the field of management by providing additional insight for brand-managers in emerging markets in the development of sustainable branding and marketing strategies, in order to help them succeed in a globally competitive environment.
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Foster-McGregor, Neil, Florian Kaulich, and Robert Stehrer. "Global Value Chains in Africa." United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU-MERIT), 2015. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4753/1/FosterMcGregor_Kaulich_Stehrer_2015_(UNU%2DMERIT_WP)_%2D%2D_Global_Value_Chains_in_Africa.pdf.
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This paper provides evidence on the extent of Global Value Chain (GVC) participation by Africa as a region and for individual African countries. We find that Africa as a whole is heavily involved in GVCs, being more engaged in GVCs than many developing country regions as well as developed countries such as the USA. This overall finding hides the fact that much of Africa's participation in GVCs is in upstream production, with African firms providing primary inputs to firms in countries further down the value chain. The possibility of upgrading within GVCs in Africa is likely to be limited therefore, something which the current analysis suggests. Despite this, we observe a great deal of heterogeneity in terms of GVC participation and upgrading across African countries, with a number of African countries participating in GVCs to a relatively large extent. (authors' abstract)
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Franssen, Loe. "Essays on global value chains." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2017. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27940.
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The past four decades have seen a large increase in trade via Global Value Chains (GVCs) as well as the relative demand for skilled labour. This thesis centres around the question how the former influences the latter. It firstly describes the large theoretical and empirical ambiguity that exists in the literature before proposing a novel graphical exposition of the channels by which GVCs affect the relative demand for skilled labour. This graph can synthesize the literature and show how small changes in microeconomic foundations can crucially alter predicted outcomes, greatly reducing theoretical ambiguity. It can also serve as a conceptual framework for empirical analysis which should remain the key method to analyse the research question. Therefore, Chapters 2 and 3 employ micro and macro level data, respectively, and condition their results on the conclusions drawn from this conceptual framework. In line with that framework, this thesis finds that the relative skill abundance of the countries engaged in the GVC, which is used as a proxy for the factor bias of the GVC activity, crucially determines the results. On the other hand, the skill intensity of the sector that engages in GVCs does not seem to affect the results. This can best be interpreted in that GVCs allow (firms within) countries to specialise in their comparative advantage at an even more granular level than before, i.e. in the production of intermediate goods or tasks, rather than final goods. Finally, Chapter 4, rather than looking at the effects of GVCs, looks at some of the causes. While formal tariffs have been going down, allowing the expansion of GVCs, non-tariff measures (NTMs) have increased. Chapter 4, however, finds that these NTMs do not significantly affect the export values of goods within that same value chain.
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Nakaa, Mounira. "Chaînes de valeurs globales, commerce international et organisation des entreprises." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS504.
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Ma thèse porte sur les chaines de valeurs globales et le commerce international.Les progrès technologiques et la baisse des coûts de communication ont favorisé la fragmentation des processus de production entre différents pays et secteurs et l’expansion des chaines de valeurs globales. Cette nouvelle organisation entraine des modifications majeures au niveau des flux du commerce international et une interdépendance croissante des économies.L’objectif de cette thèse est donc d’étudier l’impact de l’organisation des chaines de valeur globales sur les problématiques du commerce international, que ce soit à l’échelle macroéconomique (avantages comparatifs des pays) ou microéconomique (performance des entreprises).Il s’agit d’une thèse sur travaux, composée de trois chapitres.Le premier chapitre analyse l’organisation d’une chaine de valeur globale à partir des avantages comparatifs. Je montre ainsi que les avantages comparatifs sont différents lorsqu’ils sont mesurés à l’aide de données commerciales en valeur ajoutée par rapport aux données commerciales traditionnelles. Cette nouvelle mesure des avantages comparatifs implique un schéma de spécialisation sectorielle différent dans une chaine de valeur globale. L’identification des facteurs à l’origine des avantages comparatifs dans ce contexte de fragmentation met en évidence le rôle crucial de la qualité institutionnelle, son effet étant plus important que les facteurs traditionnels tels que le travail ou le capital.Les deux derniers chapitres étudient les chaines de valeur globales à travers l’organisation des entreprises dans le secteur aéronautique en France, dans la région Midi-Pyrénées Aquitaine.Le deuxième chapitre évalue l’impact du recours à la sous-traitance sur les performances des entreprises de l’aéronautique, en se basant sur des données d’enquête de l’Insee de 2006 à 2011. J’étudie plus particulièrement l’impact de la localisation de la sous-traitance et je démontre que les entreprises ayant recours à la sous-traitance domestique et internationale affichent, en moyenne, une productivité plus élevée que celles qui ne sous-traitent pas ou sous-traitent uniquement au niveau domestique. L’utilisation de régressions quantiles montre que l’effet est d’autant plus élevé pour les entreprises les moins productives.Enfin, le dernier chapitre étudie l’impact de la crise financière de 2007-2008 sur les entreprises du secteur de l’aéronautique. Je distingue deux types d’entreprises, celles qui produisent des biens différenciés et celles qui produisent des biens standardisés. Les résultats mettent en évidence la plus forte résilience des entreprises produisant des biens standardisés. Cette meilleure résilience s’explique par une plus grande capacité à diversifier leurs marchés en cas de crise, notamment via l’utilisation de logiciels facilitant la sous-traitance et diminuant les coûts de coordination ainsi que leur statut d’exportateur, qui permet d’accéder plus facilement aux marchés internationauxMy thesis is about global value chains and international trade.Technological progress and lower communication costs have foster the fragmentation of the process of production across countries and sectors and the expansion of global value chains. This new organization led to major changes in international trade flows and a growing interconnectedness of economies.The objective of this thesis is to study the impact of the organization of global value chains on international trade either at the macroeconomic level (countries’ comparative advantages) or microeconomic (firm performances).This thesis is organized on three chapters. The first chapter assesses the impact of global value chains on the comparative advantages of countries based on value added trade data.In this first chapter, I investigate the organization of global value chains based on comparative advantages. I show that comparative advantages are different when computed using value added trade data compared to gross trade data, which leads to a different sectoral specialization in a global value chain. The identification of the determinants of comparative advantages shows the importance of the quality of institutions, its impact is greater than traditional factors like labor or capital.The two last chapters study global value chains through plants in the aircraft industry in France, in the region Midi-Pyrénées Aquitaine.The second chapter provides empirical evidence of the impact of outsourcing and its origin on plant level performance in the aircraft sector based on panel data from 2006 to 2011. Specifically, I study the impact of the localization of outsourcing and show that, in average, plants that outsource their activities both domestically and internationally exhibit a higher productivity level, compared to plants not outsourcing or outsourcing only domestically. Quantile regressions shows that this effect is higher for lower productive plants.The last chapter describes the impact of the 2007-2008 financial crisis on plants on the aircraft sector in France. I identify two types of plants, generic outsourcers, producing standardized goods, and contractual outsourcers, producing customized goods. I show that generic outsourcers were more resilient during the crisis than contractual ones. Digitization, which reduces coordination costs and exporting activities, which permits to diversify their markets, explain part of the resilience of generic outsourcers to the crisis impact
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Franco, bedoya Sebastián. "Essays on the Trade and Macroeconomic dimensions of Global Value Chains." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLX036/document.
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La phase la plus récente de la mondialisation, Chaînes de Valeur Mondiales (CVM), est datée du début des années 1990. La naissance de l'Organisation Mondiale du Commerce a abattu de nombreuses barrières commerciales et a conduit à la libéralisation dans des domaines tels que les télécommunications, les services financiers et les technologies de l'information. Cela a suscité l'émergence de nouveaux modèles d'affaires qui s'appuyaient sur de nouvelles opportunités pour développer des avantages comparatifs. Il s'est développé dans un flux constant d'investissement, de technologies, de biens intermédiaires et les services aux entreprises. C'est ce qu'on a appelé la «chaîne d'approvisionnement internationale». La principale caractéristique de ce phénomène est l'augmentation du commerce des biens finaux et intermédiaires entre les pays. Les biens intermédiaires ont généré la structure de production du réseau du commerce international et, donc, l'exposition à de nouveaux défis économiques qui ne sont pas saisis et pleinement compris par les statistiques commerciales bilatéraux. L'existence du réseau commercial international, liant les pays non seulement du côté de la consommation mais aussi de la production, fait que le contenu à valeur ajoutée du commerce diffère des exportations brutes. C'est précisément la valeur ajoutée qui est le principal objet d'intérêt économique parce qu'elle détermine l'activité économique et le niveau global de l'emploi dans un pays. La question principale est donc de savoir si les changements dans l'organisation du commerce mondial devraient conduire à une révision de nos intuitions économiques. C'est l'objet de cette thèse, dans laquelle je passe en revue de nombreux sujets et d'hypothèses économiques pressantes et les relie aux schémas de production mondiaux.Cette thèse couvre les thèmes suivants: (i) le rôle des accords de libre-échange et des technologies de l'information et de la communication "captés comme effet frontière"; (ii) les élasticités des exportations à valeur ajoutée; les déséquilibres commerciaux. Alors que les résultats pour de nombreux pays sont rapportés, j'accorde une attention particulière aux pays européens. D'une manière générale, les résultats montrent que (i) les accords de libre-échange augmentent le commerce bilatéral de 54% en moyenne après 10 ans ou plus, au tant pour les biens finaux que pour les biens intermédiaires. Le "border effect" est devenu moins contraignant avec le temps, les échanges de biens finaux ont augmenté de 443% par rapport au commerce intérieur depuis 1970, tandis que la hausse a été de 195% pour les biens intermédiaires. Ils fournissent également la preuve que l'effet des accords de libre-échange sur le commerce s'est renforcé avec le temps. (ii) Les conséquences de négliger la dimension des CVM pour l'élasticité des exportations à valeur ajoutée sont qu'elles ne sont pas constantes dans le temps et inférieures à celles des exportations brutes. Une contribution importante est ici de mettre en place un cadre souple qui lie les changements dans les exportations à valeur ajoutée aux changements dans le flux réel des biens finaux et intermédiaires. Cela rend plus facile de calculer d'autres outils qui ont été développés auparavant dans la littérature, comme les taux de change effectif réel (REER) en termes de valeur ajoutée. (iii) L'utilisation d'une approche à valeur ajoutée pour étudier les déséquilibres commerciaux montre que nous ne comprenons toujours pas complètement les causes et les conséquences de ces déséquilibres et que les CVM ne font que compliquer davantage les choses. Par conséquence, je démêle les différentes composantes de la dynamique de la balance commerciale (la performance commerciale et la croissance de la demande) tout en intégrant les liens internationaux du réseau de production entrées-sorties. Enfin, j'explique dans quelle mesure les dévaluations internes sont suffisantes pour compenser la rigidité des taux de change intra-EuroThe most recent phase of globalization, the so-called Global Value Chains (GVCs), is dated at the beginning of the 1990s. The birth of the World Trade Organization brought down many trade barriers and led to liberalization in areas like telecommunications, financial services, and information technologies. It meant the emergence of new business models that built on new opportunities to develop comparative advantages. With the opening of new markets, the technical revolution in IT and communications, and the closer harmonization of economic models worldwide, trade became much more than just a simple exchange of merchandise across borders. It developed into a constant flow of investment, of technologies, of goods for processing and business services. This is what has been called the "International Supply Chain". The key characteristic of this phenomenon is the increasing trade in final and intermediate goods among countries. Intermediate goods generated the network production structure of international trade and with it the exposure to new policy challenges that are not captured and fully understand by bilateral trade statistics. The existence of the international trade network, linking countries not only on the consumption side but also on production, makes the value-added content of trade to differ from gross exports. Nevertheless, it is precisely domestic value added the primary object of economic interest because it determines economic activity and the overall employment level in a country. The main question, therefore, is whether the changes in the organization of world trade should lead to a revision on our Economic intuitions. This is the purpose of this thesis, in which I review many pressing economic topics and hypotheses, and connect them with the global production patterns.This thesis covers the topics of (i) the trade-enhancing role of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT, "captured as a border effect"), (ii) value-added exports elasticities, and (iii) trade imbalances. While results for many countries are reported, I pay particular attention to the European countries. Broadly speaking, results show that (i) FTAs increase bilateral trade by 54% on average after 10 or more years, for both final goods and intermediate inputs. The border effect has become less binding over time, increasing trade in final goods an astounding 443%, relative to domestic trade since 1970, while the rise has been 195% for intermediate inputs. They also provide evidence that the trade effect of FTAs has strengthened over time. (ii) The implications of neglecting the GVC dimension for the value-added export elasticity are that it is not constant over time and lower than for gross exports. An important contribution here is to put in place a tractable framework that links changes in value-added exports to changes in the actual flow of final and intermediate goods. This makes easier to compute other tools that have been developed before in the literature like GVC Real Effective Exchange Rates (REERs). (iii) Using a value-added approach to study trade imbalances shows that we still do not have a full understanding of the causes and consequences of these imbalances and that GVC only makes it more challenging. Therefore, I disentangle the different components of the trade balance dynamics (trade performance and demand growth) while incorporating the international input-output production network linkages. Finally, I shed some light on to what extent internal devaluations are sufficient to offset the intra-Euro nominal exchange rigidity
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Lange, Silma. "Global leadership effectiveness| The predictive value of cognitively oriented global leadership competencies." Thesis, San Jose State University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1593186.
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Global leadership is becoming increasingly important in multinational companies as well as in non-profit and public sectors. The purpose of this study was to investigate what makes a global leader effective, by identifying key predictors of global leadership effectiveness. The predictors investigated in this study included a combined measure of overall intercultural global leadership competency and selected cognitively oriented competencies: nonjudgmentalness, inquisitiveness, tolerance of ambiguity and cosmopolitanism. The sample consisted of 171 undergraduate and graduate students from a large university. Linear and multiple regression analyses were conducted to identify the ability of the competencies to predict effectiveness. Inquisitiveness was the only cognitive competency found to successfully predict global leadership effectiveness. While no effect was found for overall intercultural global leadership competency, exploratory analyses revealed two other individual competencies as predictors: self-confidence and self-identity. The results of the study suggest that inquisitiveness is a key competency indicating cognitive flexibility that enable individuals to adapt to the situation at hand. Furthermore, self-identity and self-confidence likely enables individuals to participate and display leadership skills in novel and challenging situations.
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Bodine, Jill T. "Exploiting Computational Locality in Global Value Histories." NCSU, 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05122002-121743/.
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Value prediction is a speculative technique to break true data dependencies by predicting uncomputed values based on history. Previous research focused on exploiting two types of value locality (computation-based and context-based) in the local value history, which is the value sequence produced by the same instruction that is being predicted. Besides local value history, value locality also exists in global value history, which is the value sequence produced by all dynamic instructions according to their execution order. In this thesis, a new type of value locality, computational locality in global value history is studied. A prediction scheme, called gDiff, is designed to exploit one special and most common case of this computational model, the stride-based computation, in global value history. Experiments show that there exists very strong stride type of locality in global value sequences and ideally the gDiff predictor can achieve 73% prediction accuracy for all value producing instructions without any hybrid scheme, much higher than local stride and local context prediction schemes. However, the ability to realistically exploit locality in global value history is greatly challenged by the value delay issue, i.e., the correlated value may not be available when the prediction is being made. The value delay issue is studied in an out-of-order (OOO) execution pipeline model and the gDiff predictor is improved by maintaining an order in the value queue and utilizing local stride predictions when global values are unavailable to avoid the value delay problem. This improved predictor, called hgDiff, demonstrates 88% accuracy and 69% prediction coverage on average, outperforming a local stride predictor by 2% higher accuracy and 13% higher coverage.
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Kiambi, Dane Mwirigi. "PUBLIC RELATIONS IN KENYA: AN EXPLORATION OF PUBLIC RELATIONS MODELS AND CULTURAL INFLUENCES." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1282847327.
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Rual, Coline. "Quels effets d’empowerment et de valorisation de la consommation induits par l’utilisation régulière de dispositif numérique ? : Le cas des objets de quantifield-self et des communautés virtuelles dans la consommation sportive active." Thesis, Lorient, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORIL547.
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Empowerés grâce aux dispositifs numériques, les consommateurs actuels œuvrent pour des relations plus égalitaires avec les entreprises. Le défi marketing de rester compétitif et attractif en optimisant la valeur perçue des offres est renouvelé face à des consommateurs en capacité de contrôle et en quête de personnalisation de leur expérience. Si les DN sont souvent considérés comme un moyen d’enrichir l’expérience du consommateur, en ont-ils réellement la capacité ? Peu de recherche ont été menée sur cette question. Les auteurs se sont intéressés aux déterminants de l’adoption des DN, à leurs composantes intrinsèques de valorisation, ou centrée sur l’étude d’une utilisation ponctuelle lors de contexte de consommation extraordinaire. Ces recherches montrent des effets ambigus. Mobilisant l’approche de la valeur perçue, notre recherche propose d’étudier les effets de l’utilisation régulière de deux DN (OCQS : objets connectés de quantified-self ; CV : communautés virtuelles) sur l’expérience de consommation sportive active (CSA) et d’étudier le rôle médiateur de l’empowerment du consommateur sur ces effets. Après avoir déterminé les composantes de valorisation et de dévalorisation de la CSA, nous avons développé une échelle de mesure de la valeur de la CSA et adapté une échelle de mesure de l’empowerment du sportif auprès de 1833 sportifs réguliers. Les résultats mettent en évidence l’absence d’effet des OCQS sur l’empowerment, sur les composantes de la valeur et tendent à montrer une influence négative sur les intentions de poursuite dans la pratique. A l’inverse, nos résultats montrent que l’utilisation de CV influence positivement et de manière indirecte les intentions de poursuite de l’activité et enrichit l’expérience par l’effet médiateur de l’empowerment. C’est en favorisant l’empowerment que les DN peuvent enrichir l’expérience de consommation et augmenter les intentions comportementales de fidélisation vis-à-vis de la pratique de consommationThe advances in digital technologies (DT) are transforming consumer behavior and how they consume. They no longer accept the role of a passive consumer and shift the power from suppliers to empowered consumers. It is now more than ever a challenge for marketers to know how to meet consumer’s need to gain more control and for live personalized experience. Customer perceived value of the offer is a priority to compete. Today’s DT are often used to enhance value of the experience perceived by the customer, but, does DT really enrich the consumer experience? Literature suggests that not much research has been conducted on this topic. Most studies focus on technology adoption and intrinsic perceived value of DT. The rare studies about DT’s effects on consumer experience highlight the existence of a diversity of effects. Such research focuses on one-time use of DT, mostly during extraordinary consumption (museum visit). Based on the approach of perceived value framework, this research examines the effect of the regular use of two DT in sports (QS: quantified-self; VC: virtual community) on the active sportsmen regulatory experience by the mediating role of empowerment. We carried out an experiment involving 1833 participants. Results show that the use of QS influences neither perceived value of experience nor consumer empowerment rather even tends to negatively influence intention to pursue active sport. In contrast, the use of VC indirectly influences intention to pursue the activity by enriching the perceived value of the experience by the mediating role of empowerment. To conclude, DT can enrich the perceived value of experience and positively influence behavioral intention by increasing perceived empowerment
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Schulze, Bert-Wolfgang, and Jörg Seiler. "Pseudodifferential boundary value problems with global projection conditions." Universität Potsdam, 2002. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2623/.
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Contents:
Introduction
1 Operators with the transmission property
1.1 Operators on a manifold with boundary
1.2 Conditions with pseudodifferential projections
1.3 Projections and Fredholm families
2 Boundary value problems not requiring the transmission property
2.1 Interior operators
2.2 Edge amplitude functions
2.3 Boundary value problems
3 Operators with global projection conditions
3.1 Construction for boundary symbols
3.2 Ellipticity of boundary value problems with projection data
3.3 Operators of order zero
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Wixted, Brian. "Innovation system frontiers cluster networks and global value." Berlin Heidelberg Springer, 2009. http://d-nb.info/991447395/04.
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Albuloushi, Nour M. S. M. J. "Governance configurations: Testing the global value chain framework." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/116771/2/Nour%20M%20S%20M%20J_Albuloushi_Thesis.pdf.
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The Global Value Chain Governance Framework is empirically tested in this thesis. The framework has become a highly influential in determining the governance structure of firms. Despite the framework being widely influential and used extensively across industry-specific case research and international development agencies, there has been limited empirical validation of the framework's predictions. Adopting a two-study quantitative methodology and configuration analysis, in this thesis an important foundational advancement is advanced in the application of configuration analysis to test the GVC governance framework. A foundational elaboration of theory is offered by, first, conceptualising the GVC core concepts and, second, executing empirical research as a basis for developing new theoretical insights.
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Montoya, Angela Maria Kerpelman Jennifer L. "Living in the global village the value and development of global citizenship among youth /." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1673.
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Öhrn, Lundin Josefin. "Transparency in Global Value Chains : A Case Study on How Swedish Firms in Global Value Chains Perceive Their Level of Transparency." Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-170481.
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This thesis is a qualitative case study on how Swedish companies operating in global valuechains percieve their level of transparency concerning social- and environmental aspects, andhow they manage this work. The thesis contributes to existing literature since it draw attentionto the role of transparency concerning social- and environmental aspects and study howcompanies operating in global value chains actually perceive their level of transparency. Theanalysis and results in this thesis is based on interviews with sustainability experts within fivedifferent Swedish companies operating in global value chains. The companies in this studydiffer in size and belong to different industries. The result shows that companies in this studydo not perceive transparency as an issue in itself; rather the ability to control the chains has animpact on the level of transparency. The level of control seems to depend on resources andstakeholders pressure, and differ depending on industry and size of the company. In thisstudy, the larger companies have more resources to control their chains than the smallercompanies and therefore they have a higher level of transparency.
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Nähring, Pascal. "Value-based pricing : The perception of value." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13197.
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During recent years corporations have been focusing on revenues rather than profits. This led to decreased margins and unstable financial performances. To increase profits, new pricing strategies have emerged. One promising pricing strategy that focuses on increasing profits is value-based pricing, which constitutes the monetising of customer perceived value. The purpose of this paper is to identify what factors influence customer perceived value in the global high-tech service industry. With this knowledge corporations can draw precise evaluations of customer perceived value and hence utilise value-based pricing in the best possible way. A qualitative method was used to study the case of MB Services, the service division of the Meyer Burger Technology Group, and the global high-tech service industry represented at the Hannovermesse 2011, an industrial exhibition in Hanover, Germany. The empirical data collected was analysed together with the theoretical framework. The findings are that customer perceived value of high-tech services is influenced by the overall benefits the customer can obtain from the service, the sacrifices in terms of costs the customer has to pay for the service, competitors’ offerings, different segments, subjective judgments of distinctive people within a corporation, and the industries’ and customers’ level of maturity. Customer perceived value is an underresearched subject, which requires further investigation.
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Norman, Rachel. "Monitoring global water and sanitation." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8474.
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The process of determining outputs and outcomes plays a key role in the setting of global targets, in defining national sector policy and strategic plans and in ensuring a continuous, safe supply of affordable water. Each of these actions, are integrally linked by aggregated data sets generated through an effective monitoring and evaluation (M&E) process. This thesis examines the various components of M&E across three case studies: Global, Kenya and Uganda, including aspects such as whether roles and responsibilities are realistically assigned and whether there is a recurring set of core indicators being monitored and reported. The research has also sought to establish an evidence base of the associated costs and efficacy of use of M&E. Through purposive and snowball sampling, fieldwork was undertaken across the case studies with 85 key stakeholders. Programme, national and global level data sets were collected through structured literature reviews, document and data archive reviews, key informant and semi-structured interviews. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis methods were applied. The results demonstrate that despite having a recurring global goal and associated target, the number and variety of indicators reported against has grown over time and at each level. In turn this is placing a burden on already resource constrained countries. Regardless of the various principles of harmonization and alignment, countries are still required to manage internally and externally driven parallel systems. Whilst the research suggests the costs of M&E are escalating, the full extent of this increase remains unknown as does the extent of efficacy of use of M&E. Despite evidence that country-led M&E processes are at some level achieving their objectives, with the continuing complexities of the sector particularly around the accompanying aid architecture, M&E is not currently ‘fit for purpose’ for use in the WASH sector and is unlikely to be providing value for money.
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García-Cardona, Julián. "Value-added initiatives : distributional impacts on the global value chain for Colombia's coffee." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/65090/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis discusses whether participation in two voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) has improved the capacity of coffee producers to upgrade, and the extent to which it has brought economic benefits and reduced their exposure to risk and vulnerability. These debates are addressed using the Global Value Chain (GVC) perspective, including recent contributions that integrate poverty considerations, to assess the implications for coffee growers of participating in the specialty coffee value chain. In this analysis, particular emphasis is given to differences according to farm size. The study focuses on the Nespresso AAA Sustainable QualityTM programme and Fairtrade certification in Colombia, comparing the two treatment groups with a control sample of similar conventional producers. In addition to this, a comparison between two groups of AAA producers was carried out. The data comes from three rounds of surveys and two periods of field work. To assess differences over time and construct a robust counterfactual this thesis combines Propensity Score Matching (PSM) with the difference-in-difference (DID) analytic approach. VSS initiatives have been promoted as a way of improving the livelihoods of small producers, with extensive implementation in coffee production. The analysis shows that interventions to facilitate upgrading and support the involvement of producers in VSS do not produce consistent improvements over time for most of the indicators analysed. Therefore, the potential of VSS to generate significant improvements in livelihoods for certified producers, could take both a longer time and require greater institutional efforts to build capacities. This finding needs to be considered in light of strong institutional support for all coffee producers in Colombia, which could offset the impact of VSS support. In terms of livelihood-related variables, the analysis shows that participating producers became more dependent on coffee revenues (as there was no significant expansion of cash production), reduced their share of haired labour during the period of study and paid these workers less than the minimum wage. These trends are similar to those of the conventional producers, since the analysis did not find significant differences over time. The outcomes of the analysis by farm size draws a bleak picture for smallholders below one hectare. The main conclusion that can be drawn from the evidence is that the farm size constrained both the potential upgrading opportunities from VSS and their chances of gaining sustainable incomes. The political economy effects of these disappointing results, both for certified producers and producers thinking about certification, must be analysed carefully, as growers' expectations of improving their economic and social viability through the adoption VSS are lower than expected. As such, VSS initiatives cannot be the only strategy for helping very small coffee producers to overcome the structural restrictions and limitations they have faced for decades.
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De, Sousa Rui Pedro Domingos Tavares. "Global supply chains of high value low volume products." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7808.
Full text
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Kennelly, Estelle M. "Culture of indifference : dilemmas of the Filipina domestic helpers in Hong Kong." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/509.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, an examination of the everyday experiences of the contract migrant Filipina domestic helpers exposes a culture of indifference which pervades the Hong Kong society on all levels--individual, community, and judiciary. At the centre of the abuses inflicted upon the Helpers is the employment contract with extraordinarily restrictive terms which promotes abuse by many employers. This study also looks at the transnational informal social infrastructure which has been organized by the Filipino community to mediate the hostile working environment engendered by the indifference of the global economic and political climate upon their lives. Faced with the task of implementing new policies for controlling labour migration into Hong Kong, the legislators have focused on the end result and finding the means with which to accomplish their goal. Embedded within this process are unexamined cultural mores and practices. Although the starting point is to benefit the community, by providing domestic helpers to serve the middle and upper class households, too often the abusive consequences to individual migrants are ignored as the women become the means to an end. Migration has often been viewed as an aberration to the notion of the sedentary community. Treated as an anomaly, it is the migrant who problematizes simple theoretical positions of social organization and structure. The migrant is always treated as the one who does not conform to the ideal community and is conveniently merged into existing social categories, such as the lower status of women in Hong Kong, and the lower status of domestic workers -- relegated thereby to the periphery of the society's consciousness.
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Moyer-Lee, Jason. "Agricultural global value chains : the case of tobacco in Malawi." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2013. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/18065/.
Full textAbstract:
Global Value Chains (GVC) analysis, which is increasingly used in development studies to connect production in developing countries with consumption in developed countries, is used in this work to analyse the Malawi tobacco industry. This work engages with three key concepts of GVC analysis - territoriality, governance, and upgrading - in order to map the geography of the chain and its actors, examine power relationships in the chain, and determine which actors benefit from participation and how. In order to complement the firm focus of GVC analysis and incorporate a role for the state and producers, we draw on selected concepts from other theoretical traditions. Empirical evidence used in our analysis of the global tobacco industry was collected through a combination of a desktop-survey of the scant academic literature available, semistructured interviews with industry experts and stakeholders outside of Malawi, a synthesis of various primary sources, as well as a field visit to tobacco sites in the United States. The Malawi case study draws on evidence collected over the course of three fieldwork trips to Malawi and through observation, informal conversations, a firm-level survey, and over 50 semi-structured interviews with industry stakeholders and officials in farmer organizations and government there. We find that whilst firms have played a dominant role in transforming and determining participation in the Malawi tobacco industry, government and farmer associations have also been decisive. In particular, government policy has contributed to the territoriality of, as well as governance of and upgrading in the chain. Likewise, smallholder producers have used their associational power in order to upgrade in the chain. This work therefore contributes to the empirical literature on the global and Malawian tobacco industries, as well as to debates on the theoretical underpinnings of the GVC literature.
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Matanhire, Cougan. "Exploring the global value chain of gold beneficiation in Zimbabwe." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/75262.
Full textAbstract:
There is a lot of academic research that has been done around the global value chains
(GVCs), and their importance as a means of achieving or maximising the value earned along
the global value chain. Additional work has also been done on GVC configuration and
upgrading. However, existing literature does not explore specific strategies that firms in the
low value-added activities along the GVC can deploy to unlock more value from the value
chain. This research focused on the strategy of beneficiation as a key capability that firms can
develop to upgrade their GVC positioning, focusing on gold mining firms in Zimbabwe.
A qualitative approach was adopted and data was gathered through semi-structured
interviews with 12 participants who were purposively selected from executives of middle-sized
gold mining firms in Zimbabwe. Data gathered was analysed through comparative analysis
and themes that emerged from the analysis were analysed to generate the results of this
study. The results of this research confirmed existing literature on value maximisation on the
GVC and beneficiation as a strategy was supported by the results and existing literature. A
model for value maximisation on the GVC was also developed from the results of this research
and will aid managers in crafting firm-specific strategies to maximise value on the GVC.
The results of this research will enrich the current discussion and body of literature on GVC
value sharing. Specifically, it will add to the discussion on how firm-specific strategies could
be an avenue for disadvantaged firms to leverage on and upgrade along the value chain. Also,
this research will contribute to the formulation of policies on beneficiation in Zimbabwe.
Developing countries like Zimbabwe regard gold mining as a key driver for economic
transformation and beneficiation of minerals (gold included) is a critical pillar of such initiatives.
This research will Policy formulation in this regard will be aided by the results of this research.Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted
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Pinero, Pablo, Martin Bruckner, Hanspeter Wieland, Eva Pongrácz, and Stefan Giljum. "The raw material basis of global value chains: allocating environmental responsibility based on value generation." Taylor & Francis (Routledge), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09535314.2018.1536038.
Full textAbstract:
A new approach to allocate environmental responsibility, the "value added-based responsibility" allocation, is presented in this article. This metric allocates total environmental pressures occurring along an international supply chain to the participating sectors and countries according to the share of value added they generate within that specific supply chain. We show that - due to their position in global value chains - certain sectors (e.g. services) and countries (e.g. Germany) receive significantly greater responsibility compared to other allocation approaches. This adds a new perspective to the discussions concerning a fair distribution of mitigation costs among nations, companies and consumers.
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Lunday, Brian Joseph. "Resource Allocation on Networks: Nested Event Tree Optimization, Network Interdiction, and Game Theoretic Methods." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77323.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation addresses five fundamental resource allocation problems on networks, all of which have applications to support Homeland Security or industry challenges. In the first application, we model and solve the strategic problem of minimizing the expected loss inflicted by a hostile terrorist organization. An appropriate allocation of certain capability-related, intent-related, vulnerability-related, and consequence-related resources is used to reduce the probabilities of success in the respective attack-related actions, and to ameliorate losses in case of a successful attack. Given the disparate nature of prioritizing capital and material investments by federal, state, local, and private agencies to combat terrorism, our model and accompanying solution procedure represent an innovative, comprehensive, and quantitative approach to coordinate resource allocations from various agencies across the breadth of domains that deal with preventing attacks and mitigating their consequences. Adopting a nested event tree optimization framework, we present a novel formulation for the problem as a specially structured nonconvex factorable program, and develop two branch-and-bound schemes based respectively on utilizing a convex nonlinear relaxation and a linear outer-approximation, both of which are proven to converge to a global optimal solution. We also investigate a fundamental special-case variant for each of these schemes, and design an alternative direct mixed-integer programming model representation for this scenario. Several range reduction, partitioning, and branching strategies are proposed, and extensive computational results are presented to study the efficacy of different compositions of these algorithmic ingredients, including comparisons with the commercial software BARON. The developed set of algorithmic implementation strategies and enhancements are shown to outperform BARON over a set of simulated test instances, where the best proposed methodology produces an average optimality gap of 0.35% (compared to 4.29% for BARON) and reduces the required computational effort by a factor of 33. A sensitivity analysis is also conducted to explore the effect of certain key model parameters, whereupon we demonstrate that the prescribed algorithm can attain significantly tighter optimality gaps with only a near-linear corresponding increase in computational effort. In addition to enabling effective comprehensive resource allocations, this research permits coordinating agencies to conduct quantitative what-if studies on the impact of alternative resourcing priorities.
The second application is motivated by the author's experience with the U.S. Army during a tour in Iraq, during which combined operations involving U.S. Army, Iraqi Army, and Iraqi Police forces sought to interdict the transport of selected materials used for the manufacture of specialized types of Improvised Explosive Devices, as well as to interdict the distribution of assembled devices to operatives in the field. In this application, we model and solve the problem of minimizing the maximum flow through a network from a given source node to a terminus node, integrating different forms of superadditive synergy with respect to the effect of resources applied to the arcs in the network. Herein, the superadditive synergy reflects the additional effectiveness of forces conducting combined operations, vis-Ã -vis unilateral efforts. We examine linear, concave, and general nonconcave superadditive synergistic relationships between resources, and accordingly develop and test effective solution procedures for the underlying nonlinear programs. For the linear case, we formulate an alternative model representation via Fourier-Motzkin elimination that reduces average computational effort by over 40% on a set of randomly generated test instances. This test is followed by extensive analyses of instance parameters to determine their effect on the levels of synergy attained using different specified metrics. For the case of concave synergy relationships, which yields a convex program, we design an inner-linearization procedure that attains solutions on average within 3% of optimality with a reduction in computational effort by a factor of 18 in comparison with the commercial codes SBB and BARON for small- and medium-sized problems; and outperforms these softwares on large-sized problems, where both solvers failed to attain an optimal solution (and often failed to detect a feasible solution) within 1800 CPU seconds. Examining a general nonlinear synergy relationship, we develop solution methods based on outer-linearizations, inner-linearizations, and mixed-integer approximations, and compare these against the commercial software BARON. Considering increased granularities for the outer-linearization and mixed-integer approximations, as well as different implementation variants for both these approaches, we conduct extensive computational experiments to reveal that, whereas both these techniques perform comparably with respect to BARON on small-sized problems, they significantly improve upon the performance for medium- and large-sized problems. Our superlative procedure reduces the computational effort by a factor of 461 for the subset of test problems for which the commercial global optimization software BARON could identify a feasible solution, while also achieving solutions of objective value 0.20% better than BARON.
The third application is likewise motivated by the author's military experience in Iraq, both from several instances involving coalition forces attempting to interdict the transport of a kidnapping victim by a sectarian militia as well as, from the opposite perspective, instances involving coalition forces transporting detainees between interment facilities. For this application, we examine the network interdiction problem of minimizing the maximum probability of evasion by an entity traversing a network from a given source to a designated terminus, while incorporating novel forms of superadditive synergy between resources applied to arcs in the network. Our formulations examine either linear or concave (nonlinear) synergy relationships. Conformant with military strategies that frequently involve a combination of overt and covert operations to achieve an operational objective, we also propose an alternative model for sequential overt and covert deployment of subsets of interdiction resources, and conduct theoretical as well as empirical comparative analyses between models for purely overt (with or without synergy) and composite overt-covert strategies to provide insights into absolute and relative threshold criteria for recommended resource utilization.
In contrast to existing static models, in a fourth application, we present a novel dynamic network interdiction model that improves realism by accounting for interactions between an interdictor deploying resources on arcs in a digraph and an evader traversing the network from a designated source to a known terminus, wherein the agents may modify strategies in selected subsequent periods according to respective decision and implementation cycles. We further enhance the realism of our model by considering a multi-component objective function, wherein the interdictor seeks to minimize the maximum value of a regret function that consists of the evader's net flow from the source to the terminus; the interdictor's procurement, deployment, and redeployment costs; and penalties incurred by the evader for misperceptions as to the interdicted state of the network. For the resulting minimax model, we use duality to develop a reformulation that facilitates a direct solution procedure using the commercial software BARON, and examine certain related stability and convergence issues. We demonstrate cases for convergence to a stable equilibrium of strategies for problem structures having a unique solution to minimize the maximum evader flow, as well as convergence to a region of bounded oscillation for structures yielding alternative interdictor strategies that minimize the maximum evader flow. We also provide insights into the computational performance of BARON for these two problem structures, yielding useful guidelines for other research involving similar non-convex optimization problems.
For the fifth application, we examine the problem of apportioning railcars to car manufacturers and railroads participating in a pooling agreement for shipping automobiles, given a dynamically determined total fleet size. This study is motivated by the existence of such a consortium of automobile manufacturers and railroads, for which the collaborative fleet sizing and efforts to equitably allocate railcars amongst the participants are currently orchestrated by the \textit{TTX Company} in Chicago, Illinois. In our study, we first demonstrate potential inequities in the industry standard resulting either from failing to address disconnected transportation network components separately, or from utilizing the current manufacturer allocation technique that is based on average nodal empty transit time estimates. We next propose and illustrate four alternative schemes to apportion railcars to manufacturers, respectively based on total transit time that accounts for queuing; two marginal cost-induced methods; and a Shapley value approach. We also provide a game-theoretic insight into the existing procedure for apportioning railcars to railroads, and develop an alternative railroad allocation scheme based on capital plus operating costs. Extensive computational results are presented for the ten combinations of current and proposed allocation techniques for automobile manufacturers and railroads, using realistic instances derived from representative data of the current business environment. We conclude with recommendations for adopting an appropriate apportionment methodology for implementation by the industry.Ph. D.
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Hasni, Radhouane. "Exigences environnementales et accès au marché : application au textile-habillement : le cas de la Tunisie." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40016/document.
Full textAbstract:
L’objet de cette thèse est de déterminer l’effet des normes environnementales sur lecommerce du Textile-Habillement et d’analyser les stratégies adoptées dans ce cadre par lespays en développement, plus particulièrement, par la Tunisie. Les exigencesenvironnementales, volontaires et obligatoires, ont touché essentiellement la branche textile etpourraient se substituer aux instruments traditionnels de protectionnisme après ledémantèlement de l’Accord multifibres en 2005. Les résultats des analyses statistiques etéconométriques montrent un effet positif de la certification environnementale sur lesexportations de certains produits d’habillement vers le marché européen signalant ainsil’importance de cette nouvelle tendance. L’étude est affinée autour du positionnement desfirmes tunisiennes sur la chaîne globale de valeur du Textile-Habillement et des stratégiesadoptées afin de faire face à ces normes environnementales. Nos résultats montrent ladifficulté des firmes tunisiennes à réussir une remontée industrielle. Les exigencesenvironnementales inhibent leur passage de la sous-traitance à la co-traitance. Ellesaccentuent également leur dépendance envers les fournisseurs européens de textile. La thèses’interroge en dernier lieu sur l’intérêt du programme « Tunisian Ecolabel » et sur lesdéterminants de l’adoption de la certification environnementale par les firmes tunisiennes duTextile-HabillementThe purpose of this thesis is to determine the effect of environmental standards on trade inTextile-Apparel products and to analyse the strategies adopted by developing countries, withspecific reference to Tunisia. Voluntary and mandatory environmental requirements havemainly affected the textile industry and could replace traditional instruments of protectionismafter the dismantling of the Multifibre Arrangement in 2005. The result of statistical andeconometric analysis indicates a positive effect of environmental certification on exports ofcertain apparel products towards the European market denoting the importance of this newtrend. The study is focused upon the Tunisian firms’ positioning in the global value chain ofTextile-Apparel industry and strategies which they will have to implement in order to be ableto meet environmental standards. Our results show the difficulty of Tunisian firms to besuccessful in industrial upgrading. Environmental requirements heighten their dependence onEuropean suppliers of the textile industry and prevent the transition from the originalequipment assembly to original Equipment Manufacturer. Lastly, the thesis discusses theeffectiveness of “Tunisian Ecolabel” program and the determinants for adopting theenvironmental certifications by Tunisian firms’ of the Textile-Apparel industry
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Kohl, Martina. "Social networks as glocal products: The case of Facebook." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9815.
Full textAbstract:
A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThe appropriateness of following a globally standardized or locally adapted strategy in global marketing has been subject of an on-going debate for several decades. However, little research exists of how to follow standardization and adaptation (s/a) simultaneously and to take advantage of both strategies, in brief how to follow a GloCal approach. Thus, the purpose of this case study is to generate theoretical insights of how to follow a GloCal strategy, based on the case of Facebook. After reviewing critical points of current knowledge in the field of s/a, qualitative research via open-ended in-depth interviews from a sample of Facebook users from 16 different countries was conducted. The outcome supports that common needs and individual usage behavior of Facebook users favor a strategy that is simultaneously standardized and adapted, within different aspects of the product element. Results are presented narratively intertwined with theory and prior study results. Findings reveal that Facebook is following a GloCal approach. By abstracting from the case of Facebook to a general level theoretical insights are gained of how to follow s/a simultaneously. This work contributes to existing theory, since it is a starting point to close the research gap of how to follow s/a simultaneously in international marketing. Additionally, it exhibits the significance and importance of the GloCal approach. Regarding practitioners this work provides guidance on how to create synergies, while considering differences within their international marketing strategies.
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Hanström, Joel. "Professional development in Global Value Chains and Life Cycle Assessment : A case study at an Argentinian institute." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskaplig kommunikation och lärande (ECE), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-220914.
Full textAbstract:
This master thesis seeks to investigate how an Argentinean institute support its members to learn Global Value Chains and Life Cycle Assessment. Two important methodologies that can be used as a basis to form sustainable strategies based on analyses of products or services. A Global Value Chains and Life Cycle Assessment course is held to the institute’s members who wishes to learn them. This case study has analysed the course design, the outcome and the institute’s organizational structure for professional development based on a 15-factor framework and relevant learning theories. Course evaluations, data analysis, group interviews and questionnaires were the research methods used to gather data for this case study. The thesis reveals that several important factors for professional development that facilitate the learning of GVC and LCA can be found at the institute. But, the current course design and the institute’s restriction of access to data prevents good learning outcomes for the course participants. Several suggestions regarding the course design and organisational structure were presented, based on the findings of this study.Detta examensarbete syftar till att undersöka hur ett argentinskt institut stöder sina medlemmar att lära sig om globala värdekedjor (GVC) och livscykelanalys (LCA). Två viktiga metoder som kan användas som utgångspunkt för att bilda hållbara strategier baserade på analyser av produkter eller tjänster. En GVC och LCA kurs hålls för institutets medlemmar som vill lära sig metoderna. Denna fallstudie har analyserat kursdesignen, utfallet och institutets organisationsstruktur för kompetensutveckling baserad på en 15-faktors ramverk och relevanta lärteorier. Kursutvärderingar, dataanalyser, gruppintervjuer och frågeformulär var de undersökningsmetoder som användes för att samla data för denna fallstudie. Studien visar att flera viktiga faktorer för kompetensutveckling underlättar lärandet av GVC och LCA på institutet. Det framgår däremot att den nuvarande kursdesignen och institutetss begränsning av tillgång till data förhindrar goda läranderesultat för kursdeltagarna. Flera förslag om kursdesign och organisationsstruktur presenteras, baserat på resultaten från denna studie.
Esta tesis de maestría busca investigar cómo un instituto argentino apoya a sus miembros para aprender las Cadenas Globales de Valor (CGV) y la Análisis del Ciclo de Vida (ACV). Dos metodologías importantes que pueden usarse como base para formar estrategias sostenibles basadas en análisis de productos o servicios. Se realiza un curso de CGV y ACV a los iembros del instituto que deseen aprenderlos. Este estudio de caso ha analizado el diseño del curso, el resultado y la estructura organizacional del instituto para el desarrollo profesional basado en un marco de 15 factores y teorías de aprendizaje relevantes. Las evaluaciones de los cursos, el análisis de datos, las entrevistas grupales y los cuestionarios fueron los métodos de investigación utilizados para recopilar datos para este estudio de caso. La tesis revela que en el instituto se pueden encontrar varios factores importantes para el desarrollo profesional que facilitan el aprendizaje de CGV y ACV. Sin embargo, el diseño actual del curso y la restricción de acceso del instituto a los datos impiden buenos resultados de aprendizaje para los participantes del curso. Se presentaron varias sugerencias sobre el diseño del curso y la estructura organizacional, basadas en los hallazgos de este estudio.
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Capps, Tyler Lee. "Refurbishment value stream optimization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111483.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2017.Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 55).
One of Company X's many services is to refurbish systems at regular intervals during their use. Quick turnaround times are of the utmost importance both to keep Company X's costs low and to ensure the systems are returned to perform their services in the field as rapidly as possible. This research had two distinct elements in service to accelerated turnaround times: 1) Improving inventory management practices to align with the need for replacements for failed parts to reduce cycle times, and 2) Diagnosing the reasons for and developing mitigations against failures in the blind mating of two connectors. Regarding the first element of the research performed, Company X hypothesized that improving the inventory management system would yield shorter cycle times. In order to test this hypothesis, part failure and inventory histories needed to be compared to confirm if parts were not in stock at the time of failure. A model was developed to analyze both of these history files but the poor quality of the data precluded accurate conclusions from being drawn. Once the data input methods have controls placed on them, the model will serve to accurately represent the failure rates and types of failures of all parts, allowing for proper stocking of inventory needed to service these failures. An investigation of process failure rates and their impact on cycle time was also conducted. This analysis included quantifying how many times each operation was performed, at which steps failures occurred or were noticed most, and how much time was required to complete each operation and service each failure. This analysis ultimately yielded the generation of a diagnostic tool with a flexibility that allowed simultaneous analysis to be performed on over 1,100 operations. One of the key insights generated by using this tool was that the majority of failures are found at late-stage inspections, highlighting that improving the thoroughness of early-stage inspections could prevent the necessity of substantial rework to remedy the issues found late in the process. With respect to the second element of the research performed, an understanding of why and how connectors were failing was sought out. Through observing the process and analyzing the historical data detailing the connector's failure modes, multiple explanations for the failures and related solutions resulted. The first failure mode was loose connections, for which a tool was shortened to increase the operator's ease of accessing the connector to properly apply torque and secure the connection. The other modes of failure were caused due to connector misalignment, for which a bracket was redesigned as an auto-alignment feature to aid in the mating process, and operator deviations from the work instructions were addressed as they pertained to connector failures. The combination of these actions are expected to yield an annual savings of $100,000, net of costs.
by Tyler Lee Capps.
M.B.A.
S.M.
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Soutar, Iain. "From local to global value : the transformational nature of community energy." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/21861.
Full textAbstract:
The UK energy system has in the past been characterised by the ownership and control of large-scale supply technologies by corporate entities. It has become apparent however that such structures are ill suited to addressing contemporary energy challenges of decarbonisation, energy security and affordability. Moreover, their resistance to change means that the current system is fundamentally inconsistent with the need for energy system change. The advent of affordable renewable energy however, particularly at small-scale, offers new prospects for addressing these energy challenges. In particular, they present an opportunity for greater societal engagement in the energy system, not least as owners and managers of energy assets, but also as stakeholders with interest and influence in the energy system more generally. Within the context of greater citizen engagement in energy, community energy has developed in the UK as an organised means for “collective action to purchase, manage and generate energy” (DECC, 2014b). Such collective action is complimented by progressively broad engagement by individuals in the energy system as investors and prosumers, rather than solely consumers. This thesis responds to a need to better understand the role and value of community energy, and wider societal engagement more generally, within the wider energy system. Taking a mixed-methods approach, this thesis contends that community energy has the potential to have significant impacts at both local and national scales. Social, economic and environmental impacts of a specific community energy project are evidenced to illustrate the breadth and scale of potential impacts at the local level. Broader analysis of the community energy movement, and of ‘small-scale energy’ more generally is suggestive of the potential for such approaches to be transformative in terms of overcoming system inertia. In particular, the energy system is undergoing a process of democratisation, whereby power, wealth and value is gradually distributed among society. A key role for policymakers then is to consider the strategic importance of democratisation.