Relevant bibliographies by topics / Global positon system

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Global positon system'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Global positon system"

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Ito, Shinpei, Akinori Takahashi, Ruochen Si, and Masatoshi Arikawa. "Visual-Inertial Odometer-Based Global High Precision Indoor Human Navigation in a University Library." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-142-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> AR (Augmented Reality) could be realized as a basic and high-level function on latest smartphones with a reasonable price. AR enables users to experience consistent three-dimensional (3D) spaces co-existing with 3D real and virtual objects with sensing real 3D environments and reconstructing them in the virtual world through a camera. The accuracy of sensing real 3D environments using an AR function, that is, visual-inertial odometer, of a smartphone is extremely higher than one of a GPS receiver on it, and can be less than one centimeter. However, current common AR applications generally focus on “small” real 3D spaces, not large real 3D spaces. In other words, most of the current AR applications are not designed for uses based on a geographic coordinate system.</p><p>We proposed a global extension of the visual-inertial odometer with an image recognition function of geo-referenced image markers installed in real 3D spaces. Examples of geo-referenced image markers can be generated from analog guide boards existing in the real world. We tested this framework of a global extension of the visual-inertial odometer embedded in a smartphone on the first floor in the central library of Akita University. The geo-referenced image markers such as floor map boards and book categories sign boards were registered in a database of 3D geo-referenced real-world scene images. Our prototype system developed on a smartphone, that is, iPhone XS, Apple Inc., could first recognized a floor map board (Fig. 1), and could determine the 3D precise distance and direction of the smartphone from the central position of the floor map board in a local 3D coordinate space with the origin point as the central positon of the board. Then, the system could convert the relative precise position and the relative direction of the smartphone’s camera in a local coordinate space into a global precise location and orientation of it. A subject was walking the first floor in the building of the library with a world tracking function of the smartphone. The experimental result shows that the error of tracking a real 3D space of a global coordinate system was accumulated, but not bad. The accumulated error was only about 30 centimeters after the subject’s walking about 30 meters (Fig. 2). We are now planning to improve our prototype system in the accuracy of indoor navigation with calibrating the location and orientation of a smartphone based sequential recognitions of multiple referenced scene image markers which have already existed for a general user services of the library before developing this proposed new services. As the conclusion, the experiment’s result of testing our prototype system was impressive, we are now preparing a more practical high-precision LBS which enables a user to be navigated to the exact location of a book of a user’s interest in a bookshelf on a floor with AR and floor map interfaces.</p>
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Sasaki, Kimiaki. "Position-Detecting System Based on the Global Positioning System." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1916, no. 1 (January 2005): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105191600105.

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The Railway Technical Research Institute has developed a position detection system based on a new Global Positioning System (GPS). This system uses GPS to detect the approximate location of a train and then selects one of three algorithms to process the location data and determine the train's precise location. Running tests performed on the system showed that its position error was less than 4 m. This system has the potential to be used to control the car body tilting of tilt trains accurately and allow them to run at the maximum possible speed through the tight curves typical of the narrow-gage lines found in Japan. In addition, the automatic map created by this system makes it much easier to maintain the accuracy of the onboard database.
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., Haniah, and Agfianto Eko Putra. "Purwarupa Portable Global Positioning System." IJEIS (Indonesian Journal of Electronics and Instrumentation Systems) 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2015): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijeis.3876.

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AbstrakTelah dibuat sebuah sistem GPS portable menggunakan receiver GPS serta tampilan LCD 128X64. Sistem ini dapat membantu pengguna untuk mengetahui posisi mereka berada agar tidak tersesat. Sistem ini menampilkan data latitude, longitude, kecepatan dan waktu yang ditampilkan pada LCD 128X64. Sehingga pengguna bisa mengetahui posisi mereka dengan melihat posisi garis lintang dan garis bujur. Sistem ini dibuat dengan menggunakan mikrokontroler ATmega32 sebagai pemroses, GPS receiver Polstar PMB-688 untuk menerima data posisi dari satelit dan LCD 128X64 sebagai penampil. Sistem yang dibuat telah mampu menampilkan posisi garis lintang, garis bujur dan kecepatan secara akurat. Deviasi rata-rata untuk GPS portabel dibanding dengan GPS garmin adalah 1,753449 m ± 0,113532 m sedangkan deviasi rata-rata untuk kecepatan adalah 0,441 km/j ± 0,247 km/j. Kata kunci— GPS, Posisi, Polstar PMB-688, Atmega32, Mikrokontroler. Abstract Has created a portable GPS system uses a GPS receiver as well as an LCD display 128X64. This system can help users to identify where they are located so as not to get lost. This system displays the latitude, longitude, speed and time are displayed on the LCD 128X64. So users can know their position by looking at the position of latitude and longitude. This system using microcontroller ATmega32 as processor, GPS receiver Polstar PMB-688 to receive position data from satellites and LCD 128X64 as a viewer. The system is already capable of showing the position of the latitude, longitude and speed accurately. Average deviation for GPS portable than static point is 1.753449 m ± 0.113532 m while the average deviation for speed is 0.441000 kmh ± 0.247000 kmh. Keywords— GPS, Position, Polstar PMB-688, Atmega32, Mikrocontroller.
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Singal, Pooja, and R. S. Chhillar R.S.Chhillar. "Dijkstra Shortest Path Algorithm using Global Position System." International Journal of Computer Applications 101, no. 6 (September 18, 2014): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/17690-8654.

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Tymchenko, B. I. "GLOBAL POSITION SYSTEM SENSOR MODEL FOR ROBOTICS SIMULATOR." Odes’kyi Politechnichnyi Universytet Pratsi, no. 3(53) (2017): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/opu.3.53.2017.12.

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Jain, Apoorva. "Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for Global Position System." International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 37, no. 1 (July 25, 2016): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v37p207.

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Mandic, Stefan. "Position of Serbia in the global capitalist system." Kultura, no. 148 (2015): 80–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/kultura1548080m.

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Xu, Liang, Jingjun Guo, and Jianjing Jiang. "Health monitoring of suspension bridges by global position system." IABSE Symposium Report 84, no. 5 (January 1, 2001): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137801796350455.

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Chase-Dunn, Christopher. "Guatemala in the Global System." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 42, no. 4 (2000): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/166344.

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This article presents a short summary of the world-systems perspective on globalization as relevant to considering the possibilities and probabilities of Guatemala’s prospects for democracy and development. Guatemala’s structural position in the larger global political economy is examined. The strategy of “globalization from below” as popular movement alliances’ response to neoliberal corporate globalization is considered in the Guatemalan context.
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Akbar, Z., Z. B. Hasanuddin, and A. E. U. Salam. "Automatic buoy system for position control based on global positioning system (GPS)." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 885 (August 6, 2020): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/885/1/012024.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Global positon system"

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Chan, Francis Chun Ngai Electrical Engineering &amp Telecommunications Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Statistical methods on detecting superpositional signals in a wireless channel." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/30596.

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The objective of the thesis is concerned on the problem of detecting superpositional signals in a wireless channel. In many wireless systems, an observed signal is commonly represented as a linear combination of the transmitted signal with the interfering signals dispersed in space and time. These systems are generally known as the interference-limited systems. The mathematical model of these systems is generally referred as a superpositional model. A distinguished characteristic of signal transmission in a time-varying wireless channel is that the channel process is not known a priori. Reliable signal reception inherently requires exploiting the structure of the interfering signals under channel uncertainty. Our goal is to design computational efficient receivers for various interference-limited systems by using advanced statistical signal processing techniques. The thesis consists of four main parts. Firstly, we have proposed a novel Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) signal detector, known as the neighbourhood exploring detector (NED). According to the maximum likelihood principle, the space time MIMO detection problem is equivalent to a NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem. The proposed detector is a sub-optimal maximum likelihood detector which eliminates exhaustive multidimensional searches. Secondly, we address the problem of signal synchronization for Global Positioning System (GPS) in a multipath environment. The problem of multipath mitigation constitutes a joint estimation of the unknown amplitudes, phases and time delays of the linearly combined signals. The complexity of the nonlinear joint estimation problem increases exponentially with the number of signals. We have proposed two robust GPS code acquisition systems with low complexities. Thirdly, we deal with the problem of multipath mitigation in the spatial domain. A GPS receiver integrated with the Inertial Navigation System (INS) and a multiple antenna array is considered. We have designed a software based GPS receiver which effectively estimates the directions of arrival and the time of arrival of the linearly combined signals. Finally, the problem of communications with unknown channel state information is investigated. Conventionally, the information theoretical communication problem and the channel estimation problem are decoupled. However the training sequence, which facilitates the estimation of the channel, reduces the throughput of the channel. We have analytically derived the optimal length of the training sequence which maximizes the mutual information in a block fading channel.
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Scott-Young, Stephen. "Integrated position and attitude determination for augmented reality systems /." Connect, 2004. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000827.

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Deckert, Christopher J. "Canopy, terrain, and distance effects on Global Positioning System position accuracy." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09052009-040816/.

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Langdorf, Kim Alldredge. "A position-location system utilizing geosynchronous communication satellites." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40226.

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This dissertation describes a novel method of providing position-location from geosynchronous communication satellites. The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become the standard for position-location and navigation in the world. It provides extremely accurate coordinates to military users and slightly less accurate coordinates to "non-authorized" users. Disadvantages of GPS are complexity and high cost. The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) has spent billions of dollars in developing and fielding the system. Maintenance and GPS satellite replenishment costs will continue to climb. A simpler, lower cost alternative to the GPS system is explored. This study describes a position-location system using transponders on-board geosynchronous communication satellites. The system uses three geosynchronous communication satellites at a time to relay synchronized television signals. The signals provide a timing system to measure the ranges from the satellites to the receiver. The least squares method is used to calculate the location of the receiver. A software model is developed to demonstrate the ability of the system to "track" three geosynchronous satellites and calculate receiver position. A test is conducted to demonstrate the use of television signals to provide timing for the system. The basic model is further refined by adding perturbation forces which act on the satellites. The Intelsat Eleven-Parameter algorithm is incorporated into the systenl model and provided the most precise location of the satellites. The accuracy of the proposed system in determining the position-location of the receiver is estimated based on the results of the simulation and the test. Further research is proposed to build on the concepts discussed in this dissertation.
Ph. D.
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Öhresten, Daniel. "ECO-Tracks: Ökad Information med Globalt Positions System (GPS)." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185267.

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In this project a prototype that uses GPS for information gathering is created, the prototype gathers positional information and logs this on an SD-card. The gathered information can later be used with the help of “Google maps” and their API to show where the GPS module has been during its usage, the prototype is battery driven and has a battery life that is slightly longer than one month. To use the gathered information a Python script has been created that generates an HTML file to easily show where the prototype has been and gives an approximate value of the traveled distance. Everything that is necessary for the Python script to work is stored on the SD-card. In this project a design for a protective casing for the prototype has been produced, a theoretically good material that can be used to create the protective casing has also been presented. The biggest obstacle for this prototype is the signal loss produced with sub optimal environments like cities with a lot of tall buildings and forests with tall trees that limits the view to the sky.
I detta arbete har en prototyp som använder GPS för att hämta information skapats, prototypen hämtar platsinformation och lagrar detta på ett SD-kort. Den inhämtade informationen kan sedan användas tillsammans med ”Google maps” och deras API för att visa vart prototypen har varit under dess användning, prototypen är batteridriven och har en batteritid på lite längre än en månad. För att använda den inhämtade informationenså har ett Python skript skapats som genererar en HTML fil för att enkelt visa vart prototypen har varitsamt att det ger en ungefärlig distans som prototypen har färdats. Allt som behövs för Python skriptet är lagrat på SD-kortet.Under arbetet har även en design av en skyddslåda för prototypen tagits fram, dessutomhar ett teoretiskt bra materialatt skapa denna skyddslåda presenterats.Det största hindret för prototypen är den möjliga signalförlusten då omgivningen inte är optimal, vilket är i städer med höga byggnader och skog med mycket träd som skymmer sikten till himlen.
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Biskaduros, Zachary Jon. "Collaborative Localization Enhancement to the Global Positioning System using Inter-Receiver Range Measurements." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23152.

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The localization of wireless devices, e.g. mobile phones, laptops, and handheld GPS receivers, has gained much interest due to the benefits it provides, including quicker emergency personnel dispatch, location-aided routing, as well as commercial revenue opportunities through location based services.  GPS is the dominant position location system in operation, with 31 operational satellites producing eight line of sight satellites available to users at all times making it very favorable for system implementation in all wireless networks.  Unfortunately when a GPS receiver is in a challenging environment, such as an urban or indoor scenario, the signal quality often degrades causing poor accuracy in the position estimate or failure to localize altogether due to satellite availability.  

Our goal is to introduce a new solution that has the ability to overcome this limitation by improving the accuracy and availability of a GPS receiver when in a challenging environment.  To test this theory we created a simulated GPS receiver using a MATLAB simulation to mimic a standard GPS receiver with all 31 operational satellites.  Here we are able to alter the environment of the user and examine the errors that occur due to noise and limited satellite availability.  Then we introduce additional user(s) to the GPS solution with the knowledge (or estimate) of the distances between the users.  The new solutions use inter-receiver distances along with pseudoranges to cooperatively determine all receiver location estimates simultaneously, resulting in improvement in both the accuracy of the position estimate and availability.
Master of Science
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Aab, Steven D. "Performance Analysis of the Local Area Augmentation System as the Position Sensor for the Runway Incursion Prevention System." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1121182284.

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Meyer, Steven J. "TIME, SPACE, POSITION INFORMATION UNIT MESSAGE STRUCTURE OVERVIEW." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607515.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 21, 2002 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, California
The Joint Advanced Missile Instrumentation (JAMI) program is developing a Time, Space, and Position Information (TSPI) unit for high dynamic missile platforms by employing the use of Global Position System (GPS) and inertial sensors. The GPS data is uncoupled from the inertial data. The output of the JAMI TSPI unit follows the packet telemetry protocol and is called the TSPI unit message structure (TUMS). The packet format allows the data stream to stand on its own, be integrated into a packet telemetry system or be an asynchronous data channel in a PCM data stream. On the ground, the JAMI data processor (JDP) Kalman filters the GPS and inertial data to provide a real time TSPI solution to the ranges for display. This paper gives an overview of the message format, the timing relationships between the GPS data and inertial data, and how TUMS is to be handled by the telemetry receiving site to hand it off to the JDP.
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Xingyu, Luo, and Zhang Qishan. "A PARALLEL -SEQUENTIAL SEARCH ALGORITHM IN A HIGH DYNAMIC GPS RECEIVER." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607533.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 21, 2002 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, California
It is need to design acquisition and tracking for code loop and carrier loop to detect the high dynamic Global Position System (GPS) signal. Acquiring signal quickly and shortening acquisition time in the cold case are key technology of a high dynamic GPS receiver. Moreover, fast acquisition of C/A code is the base of code tracking and carrier acquisition and tracking. This paper describes elements and implementation of a new parallel-sequential search Algorithm to acquire C/A code of the high dynamic GPS signal. And combined with a 12-channel correlator named GP2021 produced by GEC Co., the arithmetic implementation to acquire C/A code of the high dynamic GPS signal used sequential search based on DSP technology is also given.
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Vickery, John Lawrence. "AN INTELLIGENT DIFFERENCING GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM UTILIZING DIFFERENTIAL DOPPLER TO DETERMINE POSITION AND SPEED ACCURATELY." MSSTATE, 2002. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03012002-121541/.

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It is not where in the world you are that matters. It is where you are with respect to a reference point whether on land or at sea. That is the basis behind Differencing GPS. Utilizing the carrier wave and Gold Code (GC) signal transmitted by GPS satellites, this project uses two GPS receivers and a system integration manager utilizing neural networks and expert systems to determine a user position and speed relative to a fixed point on earth. Two methods of determining the user position are employed: classic triangulation and measuring the difference in the Doppler shift of the carrier wave between the user and the reference receiver. The idea is for the user to know where they are in relationship to a designated fixed point and navigate with respect to that fixed point. The user could range from a farmer or an aircraft out at sea attempting to land on the deck of a carrier.
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Books on the topic "Global positon system"

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Remondi, Benjamin W. Global positioning system carrier phase: Description and use. Rockville, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Charting and Geodetic Services, 1985.

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Guang yi RDSS quan qiu ding wei bao gao xi tong: The comprehensive RDSS global position and report system. Beijing Shi: Guo fang gong ye chu ban she, 2011.

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Guang yi RDSS quan qiu ding wei bao gao xi tong: The comprehensive RDSS global position and report system. Beijing Shi: Guo fang gong ye chu ban she, 2011.

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Ferguson, Michael. GPS waypoints, Arizona. Boise, Idaho: Glassford Publishing, 1998.

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Bredthauer, Dennis. Evaluation of absolute positioning using the Defense Mapping Agency's GASP program. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1991.

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M, Spangler Scott, and Sokol Steven M, eds. The world's greatest lat/longs. Parkville, Mo: Specialized Publications Co., 1994.

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GPS waypoints British Columbia coast: 3000 waypoints for named positions : harbour and inlet entrances, anchor sites, public floats, buoys, light houses : complete with chart number and horizontal datums. Bishop, CA: Fine Edge Productions, 1997.

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GPS waypoints. Boise, Idaho: Glassford Pub., 1998.

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GPS waypoints. Boise, Idaho: Glassford Pub., 1998.

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Leeuwen, S. Storm van. A position reference system for flight tests based on GPS/IRS integration. Amsterdam: National Aerospace Laboratory, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Global positon system"

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Dovis, Fabio, Paolo Mulassano, and Fabrizio Dominici. "Overview of Global Navigation Satellite Systems." In Handbook of Position Location, 923–74. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118104750.ch28.

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Wang, Mei-ling. "The Global Pharmaceutical Industry and China’s Position." In WTO, Globalization and China's Health Care System, 55–85. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230286962_3.

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Jäger, Reiner R. "Optimum Positions for GPS-Points and Supporting Fix-Points in Geodetic Networks." In Global Positioning System: An Overview, 254–61. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7111-7_24.

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Berenguer, Yerai, Luis Payá, Adrián Peidró, Arturo Gil, and Oscar Reinoso. "Nearest Position Estimation Using Omnidirectional Images and Global Appearance Descriptors." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 517–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27149-1_40.

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Shi, Chuang, and Na Wei. "Satellite Navigation for Digital Earth." In Manual of Digital Earth, 125–60. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9915-3_4.

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Abstract Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) have been widely used in navigation, positioning, and timing. China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) would reach full operational capability with 24 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), 3 Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit (GEO) and 3 Inclined Geosynchronous Satellite Orbit (IGSO) satellites by 2020 and would be an important technology for the construction of Digital Earth. This chapter overviews the system structure, signals and service performance of BDS, Global Positioning System (GPS), Navigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema (GLONASS) and Galileo Navigation Satellite System (Galileo) system. Using a single GNSS, positions with an error of ~ 10 m can be obtained. To enhance the positioning accuracy, various differential techniques have been developed, and GNSS augmentation systems have been established. The typical augmentation systems, e.g., the Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS), the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS), the global differential GPS (GDGPS) system, are introduced in detail. The applications of GNSS technology and augmentation systems for space-time geodetic datum, high-precision positioning and location-based services (LBS) are summarized, providing a reference for GNSS engineers and users.
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Kerbo, Harold. "Globalization, Uneven Economic Development, Inequality and Poverty: The Interactive Effects Between Position in the Modern World System and Domestic Stratification Systems." In Facing An Unequal World: Challenges for Global Sociology, 55–69. 1 Oliver’s Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529714524.n5.

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Erkkilä, Tero, and Ossi Piironen. "What Counts as World Class? Global University Rankings and Shifts in Institutional Strategies." In Evaluating Education: Normative Systems and Institutional Practices, 171–96. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7598-3_11.

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AbstractGlobal university rankings have emerged as a benchmark of institutional success, setting standards for higher education policymaking and institutional practices. Nevertheless, only a marginal share of higher education institutions (HEI) are in a realistic position to be ranked as a ‘world-class’ institutions. In the European context, the global rankings have been used to highlight a performance gap between European and North American institutions. Here the focus has been on the HEIs in the top-100 positions, causing concerns over European higher education. This has also become a marker of world-class university. We analyze the strategies of 27 Northern European universities in different tiers to learn how they have adjusted to the reality of ranking. We conclude that the references to global rankings have increased between 2014 and 2018. At the same time, the references to rankings have become more implicit in nature. Nevertheless, we find that the discourse of global comparison and excellence has become more common in the strategies. There are also emerging references to the regional role of universities, which are apparent in the strategies of universities that are clearly outside the top-100 ranked institutions. However, this is also a reflection of the discourse of world-class university.
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Kaasch, Alexandra. "Characterizing Global Health Governance by International Organizations: Is There an Ante- and Post-COVID-19 Architecture?" In International Organizations in Global Social Governance, 233–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65439-9_10.

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AbstractThe focus of this chapter is on global social policy actors and their ideas on health care systems. The specific position and constellation of key IOs are illustrated by a mapping and characterization of four central IOs (WHO, World Bank, ILO, OECD). The main ideas on health care systems of these four IOs are presented in relation to each other, taking into account discourses between them. That is then taken further to characterize the global health governance architecture based on contestational and collaborative relationships between IOs. Based on that, the chapter discusses the (preliminary) implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for altering that architecture.
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Bindseil, Ulrich, and Alessio Fotia. "International Monetary Frameworks." In Introduction to Central Banking, 101–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70884-9_7.

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AbstractIn this chapter we turn to representing flows of funds in alternative international monetary frameworks, and what global liquidity these different frameworks provide. We first recall some arguments in favour of and against fixed exchange rate systems. We then introduce two international monetary arrangements of the past which imply fixed exchange rates, namely the gold standard and the Bretton Woods system, and recall why both eventually failed. We then turn to three international monetary frameworks in the context of the current paper standard, i.e. fixed exchange rate systems, flexible exchange rate systems, and the European monetary union. We explain the role of an international lender of last resort and related solutions, and how these allow for more leeway in running fixed exchange rate systems. We also show how banks and central bank balance sheets are affected by international flows of funds and the balance of payments. Finally, we briefly review recent developments of foreign currency reserves, being the key central bank balance sheet position in this context.
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Mowery, David C. "Balancing Benefits and Obligations within the Global R&D System: The Changing Position of Japan." In Science and Technology Policy in Interdependent Economies, 125–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1374-8_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Global positon system"

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Saaid, M. F., M. A. Kamaludin, and M. S. A. Megat Ali. "Vehicle location finder using Global position system and Global System for Mobile." In 2014 IEEE 5th Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsgrc.2014.6908737.

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Hui Hu and Chao Yuan. "Performance analysis of Galileo global position system." In 2009 2nd International Conference on Power Electronics and Intelligent Transportation System (PEITS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/peits.2009.5406986.

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Knoernschild, G. F. "Global Positioning System for Vehicle Navigation and Position Reporting." In International Congress on Transportation Electronics. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/861059.

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Kanhere, Ojas, and Theodore S. Rappaport. "Position Locationing for Millimeter Wave Systems." In GLOBECOM 2018 - 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2018.8647983.

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Khalajmehrabadi, Ali, Nikolaos Gatsis, and David Akopian. "Evaluation of the detection and mitigation of time synchronization attacks on the global positioning system." In 2018 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plans.2018.8373528.

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Ronen, Rami, Anton Jigalin, and Zeev Berman. "Development Challenges and Performance Analysis of Drone Visual/Inertial SLAM in a Global Reference System." In 2020 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plans46316.2020.9110128.

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Allen, John W., and David M. Bevly. "Relating local vision measurements to global navigation satellite systems using waypoint based maps." In 2010 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium - PLANS 2010. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plans.2010.5507280.

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Zhu, Zheng H., Michael LaRosa, and Feng J. Sun. "Elastodynamic Analysis of Towed Cable Systems by Global Nodal Position Vector Finite Element Method." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57793.

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The handling and control of towed cable and body systems onboard surface ships and submarines presents a significant technical challenge to design engineers in the defense and ocean industries. The current approaches rely heavily on the empirical methods and the time-consuming and costly prototype testing. Computer simulation provides a cost effective way to reduce the high risks associated with the towed cable/body system. However, the current dynamic analysis of towed cables is mostly done by the finite difference (FD) method in stead of the finite element (FE) method that is widely used in almost all engineering fields. This paper presents an alternative FE method to simulate the dynamics of towed cable and body system, in which the large rigid body motion is coupled with small elastic deformation. The newly derived FE method is formulated in terms of element nodal positions, which is different from the existing FE methods that use displacements. The alternative FE method solves for the cable position directly in order to eliminate accumulated numerical errors arising from existing FE methods that solve for displacements first in order to obtain the cable position over very long period of time. The alternative FE formulation is implemented and applied to real applications to demonstrate its robustness by comparing simulation results with the experimental and sea trial data.
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Loria, Antonio. "Uniform global position feedback tracking control of mechanical systems without friction." In 2013 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2013.6580734.

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Kaneda, Kazuyuki, and Takanobu Maeda. "Position Measurement System Using a Drone for Tsushima Leopard Cats." In 2018 IEEE 7th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcce.2018.8574635.

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Reports on the topic "Global positon system"

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Ashby, Neil. Global position system receivers and relativity. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.1385.

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Whitlock, Robert R., and Thomas B. McCaskill. NRL GPS Bibliography - An Annotated Bibliography of the Origin and Development of the Global Position System at the Naval Research Laboratory. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada502867.

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Brodie, Katherine, Brittany Bruder, Richard Slocum, and Nicholas Spore. Simultaneous mapping of coastal topography and bathymetry from a lightweight multicamera UAS. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41440.

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A low-cost multicamera Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) is used to simultaneously estimate open-coast topography and bathymetry from a single longitudinal coastal flight. The UAS combines nadir and oblique imagery to create a wide field of view (FOV), which enables collection of mobile, long dwell timeseries of the littoral zone suitable for structure-from motion (SfM), and wave speed inversion algorithms. Resultant digital surface models (DSMs) compare well with terrestrial topographic lidar and bathymetric survey data at Duck, NC, USA, with root-mean-square error (RMSE)/bias of 0.26/–0.05 and 0.34/–0.05 m, respectively. Bathymetric data from another flight at Virginia Beach, VA, USA, demonstrates successful comparison (RMSE/bias of 0.17/0.06 m) in a secondary environment. UAS-derived engineering data products, total volume profiles and shoreline position, were congruent with those calculated from traditional topo-bathymetric surveys at Duck. Capturing both topography and bathymetry within a single flight, the presented multicamera system is more efficient than data acquisition with a single camera UAS; this advantage grows for longer stretches of coastline (10 km). Efficiency increases further with an on-board Global Navigation Satellite System–Inertial Navigation System (GNSS-INS) to eliminate ground control point (GCP) placement. The Appendix reprocesses the Virginia Beach flight with the GNSS–INS input and no GCPs.
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Financial Stability Report - September 2015. Banco de la República, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.sem2.eng-2015.

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From this edition, the Financial Stability Report will have fewer pages with some changes in its structure. The purpose of this change is to present the most relevant facts of the financial system and their implications on the financial stability. This allows displaying the analysis more concisely and clearly, as it will focus on describing the evolution of the variables that have the greatest impact on the performance of the financial system, for estimating then the effect of a possible materialization of these risks on the financial health of the institutions. The changing dynamics of the risks faced by the financial system implies that the content of the Report adopts this new structure; therefore, some analyses and series that were regularly included will not necessarily be in each issue. However, the statistical annex that accompanies the publication of the Report will continue to present the series that were traditionally included, regardless of whether or not they are part of the content of the Report. In this way we expect to contribute in a more comprehensive way to the study and analysis of the stability of the Colombian financial system. Executive Summary During the first half of 2015, the main advanced economies showed a slow recovery on their growth, while emerging economies continued with their slowdown trend. Domestic demand in the United States allowed for stabilization on its average growth for the first half of the year, while other developed economies such as the United Kingdom, the euro zone, and Japan showed a more gradual recovery. On the other hand, the Chinese economy exhibited the lowest growth rate in five years, which has resulted in lower global dynamism. This has led to a fall in prices of the main export goods of some Latin American economies, especially oil, whose price has also responded to a larger global supply. The decrease in the terms of trade of the Latin American economies has had an impact on national income, domestic demand, and growth. This scenario has been reflected in increases in sovereign risk spreads, devaluations of stock indices, and depreciation of the exchange rates of most countries in the region. For Colombia, the fall in oil prices has also led to a decline in the terms of trade, resulting in pressure on the dynamics of national income. Additionally, the lower demand for exports helped to widen the current account deficit. This affected the prospects and economic growth of the country during the first half of 2015. This economic context could have an impact on the payment capacity of debtors and on the valuation of investments, affecting the soundness of the financial system. However, the results of the analysis featured in this edition of the Report show that, facing an adverse scenario, the vulnerability of the financial system in terms of solvency and liquidity is low. The analysis of the current situation of credit institutions (CI) shows that growth of the gross loan portfolio remained relatively stable, as well as the loan portfolio quality indicators, except for microcredit, which showed a decrease in these indicators. Regarding liabilities, traditional sources of funding have lost market share versus non-traditional ones (bonds, money market operations and in the interbank market), but still represent more than 70%. Moreover, the solvency indicator remained relatively stable. As for non-banking financial institutions (NBFI), the slowdown observed during the first six months of 2015 in the real annual growth of the assets total, both in the proprietary and third party position, stands out. The analysis of the main debtors of the financial system shows that indebtedness of the private corporate sector has increased in the last year, mostly driven by an increase in the debt balance with domestic and foreign financial institutions. However, the increase in this latter source of funding has been influenced by the depreciation of the Colombian peso vis-à-vis the US dollar since mid-2014. The financial indicators reflected a favorable behavior with respect to the historical average, except for the profitability indicators; although they were below the average, they have shown improvement in the last year. By economic sector, it is noted that the firms focused on farming, mining and transportation activities recorded the highest levels of risk perception by credit institutions, and the largest increases in default levels with respect to those observed in December 2014. Meanwhile, households have shown an increase in the financial burden, mainly due to growth in the consumer loan portfolio, in which the modalities of credit card, payroll deductible loan, revolving and vehicle loan are those that have reported greater increases in risk indicators. On the side of investments that could be affected by the devaluation in the portfolio of credit institutions and non-banking financial institutions (NBFI), the largest share of public debt securities, variable-yield securities and domestic private debt securities is highlighted. The value of these portfolios fell between February and August 2015, driven by the devaluation in the market of these investments throughout the year. Furthermore, the analysis of the liquidity risk indicator (LRI) shows that all intermediaries showed adequate levels and exhibit a stable behavior. Likewise, the fragility analysis of the financial system associated with the increase in the use of non-traditional funding sources does not evidence a greater exposure to liquidity risk. Stress tests assess the impact of the possible joint materialization of credit and market risks, and reveal that neither the aggregate solvency indicator, nor the liquidity risk indicator (LRI) of the system would be below the established legal limits. The entities that result more individually affected have a low share in the total assets of the credit institutions; therefore, a risk to the financial system as a whole is not observed. José Darío Uribe Governor
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Financial Stability Report - First Semester of 2020. Banco de la República de Colombia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.1sem.eng-2020.

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In the face of the multiple shocks currently experienced by the domestic economy (resulting from the drop in oil prices and the appearance of a global pandemic), the Colombian financial system is in a position of sound solvency and adequate liquidity. At the same time, credit quality has been recovering and the exposure of credit institutions to firms with currency mismatches has declined relative to previous episodes of sudden drops in oil prices. These trends are reflected in the recent fading of red and blue tonalities in the performance and credit risk segments of the risk heatmaps in Graphs A and B.1 Naturally, the sudden, unanticipated change in macroeconomic conditions has caused the appearance of vulnerabilities for short-term financial stability. These vulnerabilities require close and continuous monitoring on the part of economic authorities. The main vulnerability is the response of credit and credit risk to a potential, temporarily extreme macroeconomic situation in the context of: (i) recently increased exposure of some banks to household sector, and (ii) reductions in net interest income that have led to a decline in the profitability of the banking business in the recent past. Furthermore, as a consequence of greater uncertainty and risk aversion, occasional problems may arise in the distribution of liquidity between agents and financial markets. With regards to local markets, spikes have been registered in the volatility of public and private fixed income securities in recent weeks that are consistent with the behavior of the international markets and have had a significant impact on the liquidity of those instruments (red portions in the most recent past of some market risk items on the map in Graph A). In order to adopt a forward-looking approach to those vulnerabilities, this Report presents a stress test that evaluates the resilience of credit institutions in the event of a hypothetical scenario thatseeks to simulate an extreme version of current macroeconomic conditions. The scenario assumes a hypothetical negative growth that is temporarily strong but recovers going into the middle of the coming year and has extreme effects on credit quality. The results suggest that credit institutions have the ability to withstand a significant deterioration in economic conditions in the short term. Even though there could be a strong impact on credit, liquidity, and profitability under the scenario being considered, aggregate capital ratios would probably remain at above their regulatory limits over the horizon of a year. In this context, the recent measures taken by both Banco de la República and the Office of the Financial Superintendent of Colombia that are intended to help preserve the financial stability of the Colombian economy become highly relevant. In compliance with its constitutional objectives and in coordination with the financial system’s security network, Banco de la República will continue to closely monitor the outlook for financial stability at this juncture and will make the decisions that are necessary to ensure the proper functioning of the economy, facilitate the flow of sufficient credit and liquidity resources, and further the smooth functioning of the payment system. Juan José Echavarría Governor
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