Academic literature on the topic 'Global marketing'

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Journal articles on the topic "Global marketing"

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Djordjević, Branislav. "THE CONTENT OF GLOBAL MARKETING." FBIM Transactions 2, no. 1 (January 15, 2014): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12709/fbim.02.02.01.03.

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Djordjević, Branislav. "THE IMPORTANCE OF GLOBAL MARKETING." MEST Journal 2, no. 1 (January 15, 2014): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12709/mest.02.02.01.12.

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Kaynak, Erdener. "Global Marketing:." Journal of Global Marketing 1, no. 1-2 (January 1988): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j042v01n01_03.

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Breslin, Michael J. "GLOBAL MARKETING:." Journal of Global Marketing 2, no. 1 (February 13, 1989): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j042v02n01_10.

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Nielson, Charles C. "Global marketing: Foreign entry, local marketing and global management." International Journal of Research in Marketing 14, no. 3 (July 1997): 298–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8116(97)89448-7.

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V, Saillaja, Jhansi Rani K, and Catherine R. "Global Marketing Management Planning and Organization." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 11, no. 0009-SPECIAL ISSUE (September 25, 2019): 489–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v11/20192596.

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KIESSLING, TIMOTHY S., LOUIS D. MARINO, and R. GLENN RICHEY. "Global Marketing Teams:." Organizational Dynamics 35, no. 3 (January 2006): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2006.05.006.

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Barat, Somjit. "Global Marketing Management." Journal of Global Marketing 22, no. 4 (September 18, 2009): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08911760903022556.

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Douglas, Susan P. "Global marketing Myopia." Journal of Marketing Management 2, no. 2 (January 1986): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0267257x.1986.9964008.

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Gerbner, George. "Marketing Global Mayhem." Javnost - The Public 2, no. 2 (January 1995): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13183222.1995.11008595.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Global marketing"

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Vaccari, Lara Coelho. "Marketing glocal': marketing global com estratégias locais como vantagem competitiva de mercado." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/3835.

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Made available in DSpace on 2009-11-18T19:01:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ACF2A4.pdf: 565933 bytes, checksum: f7857790d92dfa4ca74f3aa215abaa2c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008
The objective of this dissertation is to explore and deeply study the concepts about Glocal Marketing, explaining this recent phenomenon, highlighting the importance and the influence of local culture on the marketing mix of global organizations, in order to have successful commercialization of their products and services in different markets. Searching for a better understanding of Glocal Marketing became extremely important in the XXI Century, since there is an increase in the number of global companies which want to explore new markets in order to survive and remain in the highly competitive market. Concepts of Globalization, Marketing, Glocal Marketing, Culture are defined and explored. Also, the influence of culture on consumer behavior and on the marketing mix of global organizations is analyzed. The Hofstede¿s cultural typology is explained and it is used to give the reader an overview and a better understanding about the cultural influence in the acceptance of new products in new markets. The relationship between culture and marketing mix is discussed, as well as the importance of standardization versus customization of the marketing mix among countries with high cultural differences. The methodology is composed by descriptive research and a case study about a global organization, the Coca-Cola Company. Therefore, this dissertation aims to show and exemplify how the Coca-Cola Company applies glocal strategies on its marketing mix as a way to establish a competitive advantage in the market.
O objetivo desta dissertação é explorar e aprofundar os conceitos e estudos sobre ¿Marketing Glocal¿, explicando este recente fenômeno, destacando a importância e influência da cultura local no composto mercadológico de empresas globais, a fim de que elas possam ter sucesso na comercialização de seus produtos e serviços em diferentes mercados. Buscar um maior conhecimento sobre o ¿Marketing Glocal¿ torna-se extremamente importante no século XXI; visto que, há um crescimento do número de empresas globais com exploração de novos mercados como forma de sobrevivência e permanência no mercado altamente competitivo. Conceitos de Globalização, Marketing, Marketing Glocal, e Cultura são definidos e explorados. A influência da cultura no comportamento do consumidor, e no composto mercadológico de empresas globais é analisada. A tipologia cultural de Hofstede é explicada e utilizada para dar uma visão geral e uma compreensão sobre a influência de cultura na aceitação de novos produtos em novos mercados. A relação entre cultura e composto mercadológico é discutida, bem como a importância da padronização versus adaptação do composto mercadológico em países com grandes diferenças culturais. A metodologia utilizada é composta de pesquisa descritiva e estudo de caso de uma empresa global, a Coca-Cola Company. Desta forma, esta dissertação visa mostrar e exemplificar como a Coca-Cola aplica estratégias glocais em seu composto mercadológico para criar vantagem competitiva de mercado.
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Rubinsson, Sebastian. "Global marketing through collaboration of local marketing agencies : How can local marketing agencies work together for global clients?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41110.

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Background: The world becomes more connected as technology advances and with the internet as a distribution channel more companies internationalises. However, there are still cultural differences around the world that marketers must take into consideration. The marketing industry faces difficult challenges in adaptation to international marketing, as collaboration between local marketing agencies could be a solution.   Purpose: The purpose of the study is to contribute with understanding of how local marketing agencies can work together for global clients, and how these agencies can adapt local marketing for these clients. In order to understand how marketing agencies can work together, this study will contribute with understanding of this collaboration between local marketing agencies and how they can help each other grow their businesses.   Method: This study uses a qualitative method with unstructured interviews of five people operational within a network of local marketing agencies.     Theory: The theoretical framework for this study consists of theories in international marketing, collaboration and learning.   Results and conclusions: By collaborating in a network, local marketing agencies get access to international markets and can support global clients. By having multiple local agencies working together for global clients, these agencies all provide local knowledge and create local communication. The collaboration in a network is most effective if the competition is eliminated, which can be done through shared ownership and personal connection within the network.
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Conocimiento, Dirección de Gestión del. "Journal of Global Fashion Marketing." Taylor & Francis Group, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655336.

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夏吳佩淑 and Ng Pui-suk Ophelia Ha. "Global marketing strategies applicability within Asia." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31263185.

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Ha, Ng Pui-suk Ophelia. "Global marketing strategies applicability within Asia /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1985. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12349719.

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Bechtle, Scott Edward. "Crimson Eagle Global Enterprise." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2340.

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This project for Crimson Eagle Global Enterprise is the initial step in developing a strategic business plan. The traditional business plan contains many sections (business description, marketing, competition, operating procedures, personnel, business insurance, and finacial data). Using a different style, this project simply highlights those sections, rather than going into detail.
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Morsy, Nermin. "Internal marketing : a HRM-marketing nexus - the case of a global travel company." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2011. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=17061.

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There is widely acknowledged interest and recognition of the importance of internal marketing as a management approach that provides a systematic framework for managing employees towards a market orientation by aligning external marketing objectives with the internal capabilities of the organization. It is reasonable to expect that the concept has a clear meaning and a related body of empirical findings. However, marketing scholars have not agreed upon a single, common definition of internal marketing. The extant literature on internal marketing contains a variety of interpretations in relation to the domain of internal marketing, its aims and its focus. Therefore, much of the knowledge available is mainly derived from normative work as the proportion of empirical studies remains limited. Internal marketing practice remains limited, probably because of the lack of a proper underlying philosophy as well as the mixed evidence relating to implementation. This study proposes a conceptual framework which seeks to define the domain of the internal marketing concept, together with its’ antecedents and consequences. The subject of internal marketing is investigated within the context of tourism as a unique service industry in which there is a high level; of contact between customers and employees and where internal programmes aimed at employees have value to complement external programmes targeted at customers. A qualitative case study of one of the leading travel firms in UK from an employment perspective is used to shed light on the unique culture that underlies internal marketing practices, how internal marketing is practiced in reality, the way in which it affects both internal and external aspects of the organisation The findings highlight the importance of organisational culture and the manner in which culture underpins effective internal marketing within a business context. Internal marketing practices are shown to be vital in building and sustaining a people- and service-orientated culture throughout the organisation. The organisational managerial approach appears to have considerable consequences for an internal marketing programme as well as for the employees’ performance which, in turn, will affect customer satisfaction.
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Willer, Ragnar Karl. "Dispelling the myth of a global consumer." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15540.

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Welche Bedeutung hat Kultur für das Konsumverhalten? Die hier vorgelegte Auseinandersetzung mit dieser Frage im Kontext der Mischkultur Indonesiens zeichnet sich aus, dass sie über die Binnenräume der jeweiligen Wissenschaftsfächer, wie der Südostasienkunde und der Betriebswirtschaftslehre, weit hinausragt und für die Beantwortung der Fragestellung ein neu entwickeltes analytisches Diagramm zur strukturierten Analyse kultureller Einflüsse auf das Konsumverhalten aufweist, das die Möglichkeit, Märkte interkulturell zu erschließen, eröffnet. Die Untersuchung der den indonesischen Konsumenten beeinflussenden Kulturelemente ist ein Indizienbeweis gegen die so häufig postulierte Vorstellung eines global, homogen denkenden und universalistisch handelnden Konsumenten, die mit der Fallstudie eines für das Nischensegment der verschleierten Musliminnen in Indonesien geschaffenen Shampoos eines Weltkonzerns abschließt.
What impact does culture have on consumer behavior? The discussion of the above question in the multicultural context (Mischkultur) of Indonesia is characterized by the fact that it goes far beyond the limits of the respective scientific fields like Southeast Asian studies or business studies. It provides a new analytical diagram for structural analysis of cultural influences on consumer behavior which offers the possibility to develop new markets in an intercultural manner. Investigation of cultural factors influencing Indonesian consumers has indicated that the often postulated globally homogenous thinking and universally acting consumer is merely a myth. This investigation concludes with a case-study dealing with a shampoo developed by a multinational for the niche segment, Indonesian veiled Muslim women.
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Cimendag, Ismail, and Erkan Yalcin. "Global marketing advertising with cultural differences : How can global companies better address cultural differences in marketing advertising in the Middle East?" Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18459.

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The authors realized the importance of being flexible in cultural values in the current environment of today’s economy. This environment is called ‘globalization’ that has become an interesting topic in the academic world. Beyond the different challenges, the most important challenge regarding to the thesis topic is the cultural challenge. The authors have combined these elements and  wanted to investigate how these factors influence marketing advertising in the Middle East. Hence, the purpose of this thesis is to reach an understanding about how cultural differences in global marketing advertising can be handled by global companies in the Middle East.  The findings of the thesis reflect upon the question of "how global companies can better address cultural differences in marketing advertising in the Middle East" by first understanding and respecting the culture and religion of the region, following the regulations and guidelines for advertising in every specific country, cooperating with local agencies and adapting the marketing advertising strategy with a glocal ‘think global, act local’ approach.
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Pinares, A. María José, and C. Paula Walker. "Iniciativa global mujer y empresa." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/147886.

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TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN MARKETING
María José Pinares A. [Parte I], Paula Walker C. [Parte II]
En un momento en que las confianzas en el país se han ido deteriorando tanto en lo político como en lo empresarial, las empresas deben buscar nuevas formas de impactar positivamente no sólo en sus retornos económicos, sino también en su reputación y en la comunidad. Según lo planteado por Michael Porter sobre la Creación de Valor Compartido (2011), las empresas tienen la oportunidad de redefinir su rol en la actualidad y generar beneficios tanto para sus negocios, como para sus entornos: “La competitividad de una empresa y la salud de las comunidades donde opera están fuertemente entrelazadas… El principio del valor compartido involucra crear valor económico de una manera que también cree valor para la sociedad al abordar sus necesidades y desafíos”, es el corazón de lo que plantean Porter y Kramer. Este trabajo desarrolla un plan de marketing social no para un producto convencional, sino para una idea: La Iniciativa Global Mujer y Empresa (M y E), liderada por ONU Mujeres en Chile. La Iniciativa estará integrada por organismos públicos y privados y tendrá como fin que más empresas chilenas se comprometan a integrar a más mujeres en espacios de poder al interior de las organizaciones, en su cadena de valor y en los procesos internos y externos de las empresas. A nivel mundial, las cifras indican una baja participación de mujeres en el mundo laboral, lo cual decae dramáticamente cuando nos referimos a cargos directivos, gerencias y plana ejecutiva de las empresas. En Chile, de las 40 empresas principales que transan en la bolsa (IPSA) con un total de 322 puestos directivos, sólo un 6% son ocupados por mujeres (22 personas). En el caso de las empresas públicas pertenecientes al SEP, un 40% son directoras, porque existe una norma dictada por el gobierno que así lo determina. Estudios internacionales están demostrando los resultados positivos que tiene la mayor inclusión de mujeres en el mundo laboral. La OCDE estima que, en promedio, en todos sus países miembros, una reducción del 50% en la brecha de género en la participación laboral aumentaría el Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) en un 6% adicional antes de 2030, con otro 6% de aumento si las diferencias se eliminaran por completo. Otros estudios, indican que la inclusión de mujeres en altos puestos directivos y gerenciales, permite tener mayores retornos económicos y elevar sus ventajas competitivas al obtener una mirada diversa sobre los problemas y las soluciones. Otros, señalan el incremento en ingresos para las empresas donde participan más mujeres en los equipos directivos, además del impacto positivo que tiene una mayor presencia femenina en el clima organizacional y en las relaciones con la comunidad. En este tema, un gerente de RR.HH. de una multinacional de telefonía enfatiza: “estoy convencido por mi experiencia de más de 20 años como líder de equipos en diferentes industrias, que los grupos de trabajo más integrados y que logran mejores resultados, son aquellos que equilibran adecuadamente el género entre mujeres y hombres”. En 2014, en New York, Naciones Unidas y Global Compact lanzaron una iniciativa para promover la participación de las mujeres en las empresas, conocida como los 7 principios WEPs por sus siglas en inglés (Women's Empowerment Principles) para el Empoderamiento de las Mujeres, “La Igualdad es un Buen Negocio”. Estos principios son la base sobre la cual trabajaremos la Iniciativa Global Mujer y Empresa para Chile. 1.- Un equipo directivo en la Empresa que promueve la Igualdad de Género 2.- Al interior de la empresa u organización, tener igualdad de Oportunidades, Inclusión y No Discriminación 3.- Salud, Seguridad y Prevención de Violencia 4.- Educación y Capacitación 5.- Desarrollo de Empresa, Cadena de Suministro y Prácticas de Marketing 6.- Liderazgo y Compromiso con la Comunidad 7.- Transparencia, Medición y Reporte Desde la presentación de los WEP´s a nivel internacional (2010), se han sumado más de 900 empresas1. En Chile, ya han firmado CAP S.A, Enel, Laboratorio Bagó de Chile, Sodexo Chile, Unilever Global, Schneider Electric Chile S.A., y BancoEstado. Respecto a los principios, Roberto Méndez, experto en opinión pública, comenta: “las empresas tienen temor de no cambiar a tiempo, y no saben bien cual es el primer paso. Estos / Principios, pueden ser un buen primer paso”. Como una fortaleza de esta iniciativa destaca que ONU Mujeres cuenta con una herramienta de Análisis de Brechas de los Principios para el Empoderamiento de la Mujer (Herramienta Empresarial de Género WEP)2 que ayuda a las empresas a identificar fortalezas, debilidades y oportunidades para mejorar su desempeño en igualdad de género, la cual ha sido diseñada gracias al trabajo de 170 empresas de todo el mundo que han participado en el proceso. Para crear el Plan de Marketing de esta iniciativa, generamos información primaria a través de entrevistas a expertos nacionales y a mujeres y hombres que ocupan altos cargos en empresas públicas y privadas (Ver Anexo 5). Aunque los gerentes y gerentas nos pidieron mantener el anonimato para contestar nuestras preguntas, sus puntos de vistas y experiencias nos ayudaron a entender la profundidad del sesgo cultural que está a la base de la ausencia de una promoción activa de mayor diversidad al interior de las empresas. Sus experiencias nos han ayudado a reconocer las fortalezas y precisar las estrategias que propondremos para conseguir el objetivo de que más empresas se sumen a la Iniciativa Global Mujer y Empresa (M y E). Concretamente la oferta de esta Iniciativa consiste en entregar a las empresas servicios diferenciadores que las transformarán en compañías con estándares de alto nivel en el ámbito de la sostenibilidad. Nuestros clientes serán organizaciones públicas y privadas, medianas y grandes, que realizan reportes de sustentabilidad, que tienen y no mujeres en cargos directivos y que cuentan con políticas antidiscriminación. Los servicios que ofrecemos son: estudios, certificación internacional, mentorías, pasantías, asesorías expertas, eventos y una herramienta de autoevaluación. Todo esto con el respaldo internacional de ONU Mujeres y el Pacto Global.
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Books on the topic "Global marketing"

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C, Green Mark, ed. Global marketing. 7th ed. Boston: Prentice Hall, 2013.

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Lamont, Douglas F. Global marketing. Oxford: Capstone, 2002.

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C, Green Mark, ed. Global marketing. 6th ed. Boston: Prentice Hall, 2011.

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Global marketing. Cambridge, Mass: Blackwell Business, 1996.

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Keegan, Warren J. Global marketing. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall, 2003.

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A, Ronkainen Ilkka, ed. Global marketing. Fort Worth, TX: Dryden Press, 1996.

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Global marketing. Hauppauge, N.Y: Barron's, 1994.

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C, Green Mark, ed. Global marketing. 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2005.

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Alon, Ilan, Eugene Jaffe, Christiane Prange, and Donata Vianelli. Global Marketing. 3rd Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2020. | Revised edition of the authors’ Global marketing, 2017.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429203343.

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Gillespie, Kate. Global marketing. 3rd ed. Australia: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Global marketing"

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Lasserre, Philippe. "Global marketing." In Global Strategic Management, 228–48. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-01549-5_8.

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Evans, Martin, and Luiz Moutinho. "Global Marketing." In Contemporary Issues in Marketing, 184–90. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14299-6_14.

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Ajami, Riad A., and G. Jason Goddard. "International marketing." In Global Business, 16–44. First Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315147734-2.

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Gillespie, Kate, and K. Scott Swan. "Global Competitors." In Global Marketing, 156–86. 5th ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003141709-6.

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Gillespie, Kate, and K. Scott Swan. "Global Markets." In Global Marketing, 127–55. 5th ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003141709-5.

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Gillespie, Kate, and K. Scott Swan. "Global Marketing Research." In Global Marketing, 187–223. 5th ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003141709-7.

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Alon, Ilan, Eugene Jaffe, Christiane Prange, and Donata Vianelli. "Setting Global Prices." In Global Marketing, 394–420. 3rd Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2020. | Revised edition of the authors’ Global marketing, 2017.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429203343-14.

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Alon, Ilan, Eugene Jaffe, Christiane Prange, and Donata Vianelli. "Entering Global Markets." In Global Marketing, 202–65. 3rd Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2020. | Revised edition of the authors’ Global marketing, 2017.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429203343-9.

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Gillespie, Kate, and K. Scott Swan. "Global Product Strategies." In Global Marketing, 291–318. 5th ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003141709-10.

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Gillespie, Kate, and K. Scott Swan. "The Global Economy." In Global Marketing, 15–50. 5th ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003141709-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Global marketing"

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MacPherson, N. C. "Global marketing." In IEE Colloquium on Marketing: From an Engineering Perspective. IEE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19960984.

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Tobey, A. C. "Global Marketing Strategies." In Electro International, 1991. IEEE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/electr.1991.718194.

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Mohamad Zaki, Nur Amalina, Zuha Rosufila Abu Hasan, Safiek Mokhlis, Shahriman Abdul Hamid, and Mohd Saiful Izwaan Saadon. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ONLINE CONSERVATION MARKETING FOR RELATIONSHIP MARKETING BETWEEN CONSERVATION ORGANISATIONS AND BUSINESSES." In GLOBAL TOURISM CONFERENCE 2021. PENERBIT UMT, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/gtc.2021.11.005.

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Even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, marketing for online conservation was increasingly used by conservationists to appeal for funds from businesses and to improve public awareness on the need to reduce the loss of biodiversity. Yet, uncertainty remains in the academic literature about the effectiveness of online conservation marketing. Given that the potential impact of online conservation marketing in the corporate sector is evident (i.e., with a clear reduction in management and maintenance costs, and an increase fund collection), knowledge of online conservation marketing is important for building and maintaining a conservation group -to-business relationship. This study serves as an exploratory inquiry and aims to understand whether Environmental Education Centers (EECs) in Malaysia use electronic platforms for conservation marketing purposes. Based on an extensive literature search on conservation marketing and a search for EEC background information, from 2015 to 2020 many EECs in Malaysia have either used, or are using (i.e., WWF Malaysia) or will soon be using (i.e., Taman Hidupan Liar Gua Musang) online conservation marketing as one of their marketing strategies. The findings hold true even for the EECs with poor Internet connections (i.e., National Elephant Conservation Centre Kuala Gandah). This exploratory study underscores the need for more research in this area, especially with regard to the effectiveness of online conservation marketing among EECs since many of the EECs are situated in locations with poor Internet connectivity. Without an understanding of electronic marketing strategy used by the EECs, the conservationists’ role will likely be limited to that of conservation research, improving the standards of animal welfare and describing the loss of biodiversity.
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Mammadbayov, Elshad, Ratih Hurriyati, and Heny Hendrayati. "Modern Marketing Management and New Trends in Marketing." In 5th Global Conference on Business, Management and Entrepreneurship (GCBME 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210831.091.

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Peirson, Bradley, and Nael Barakat. "Global Engineering Ethics: A Marketing Approach." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12789.

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There is no doubt that the world is shrinking in many ways, including the ways that engineers from various nations collaborate and share ideas. Along with major international projects such as the international space station, corporations in the United States and abroad are carrying out international engineering tasks on a daily basis. Such collaborations have been of great benefit to the engineering profession because of the free exchange of ideas and engineering talents. One of the main problems facing engineers in the international arena, however, is the lack of a common ethical background. The debate about how to create a common, global code of ethics for engineers has been carried out for several years. The aim of this paper is not add to the arguments about what should be included in a global code of ethics. The purpose of this paper is, in fact, to present a method by which an international organization tasked with the development and administration of such a code could go about attracting potential members. A common code of ethics, containing tenets that most engineering societies around the world already agree upon, is laid down as the framework. From this the basic operation of an international engineering society is outlined. With this basic starting point established the discussion proceeds to the techniques that an international society would need to employ in order grow in numbers and gain credibility among the profession. Further discussion leads to incorporation of these ideas into the education of engineers at the undergraduate level. Ethical training is currently incorporated into undergraduate curricula at many universities in the US. In many cases, however, this portion of the curriculum is limited to western ethical philosophies and the codes of ethics of the American engineering societies. Undergraduate engineering education is designed to develop the next generation to lead their engineering fields. With the prevalence of international collaboration in engineering it is almost assured that these future engineers will be international engineers, to some degree. This paper presents not only a method for attracting potential members to an international engineering society, but also means to prepare future engineers to be responsible members of the international engineering community.
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Pinheiro, M., and K. Weber. "Polo International and global software marketing." In Innovation in Technology Management. The Key to Global Leadership. PICMET '97. IEEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/picmet.1997.653702.

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Galarneau, J. P. "Global Marketing Of A New Video Technology." In Electro International, 1991. IEEE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/electr.1991.718172.

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Wartel, S. J. "Global Issues, Marketing In Europe Legal Considerations." In Electro International, 1991. IEEE, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/electr.1991.718196.

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Wu, Xinrui, Yuhan Zha, and Cathy Li. "Brandy Melville’s Global Marketing Strategies in China." In 2021 International Conference on Economic Development and Business Culture (ICEDBC 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210712.042.

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Indrapriyatna, A. S., V. Darlis, V. Verinita, and Y. H. Yeni. "The Role of Attitude Toward Marketing and Marketing Practice on Marketing Performance: A Theoretical Framework Development for SMEs." In 3rd Global Conference On Business, Management, and Entrepreneurship (GCBME 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200131.009.

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Reports on the topic "Global marketing"

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Silk, Alvin, and Ernst Berndt. Scale and Scope Economies in the Global Advertising and Marketing Services Business. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9965.

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Ibdah, Mwafaq, Dorothea Tholl, and Philipp W. Simon. How temperature stress changes carrot flavor: Elucidating the genetic determinants of undesired taste in carrots. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598171.bard.

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Global climate change and warming temperatures represent the greatest future challenge for global food production and quality. In this project, we will define the genetic factors of climate-associated taste deficiencies in carrot. Carrot is considered one of the leading horticultural crops in the world in terms of its nutritional value, health benefits, and unique flavor based on its high content of carotenoids and volatile aroma compounds. In recent years, carrot genotypes of different color with improved nutraceutical attributes have been developed. When exposed to high growth temperatures, carrots develop an undesired harsh and bitter taste caused by the accumulation of terpene metabolites. This taste deficiency represents a quality defect to carrot breeders and large- scale growers and needs to be minimized for successful marketing of carrot crops. Surprisingly, the genetic determinants of bitter and harsh flavor in carrot and their response to temperature stress are not well characterized. We started to elucidate these factors in different carrot cultivars by investigating the biosynthesis of volatile terpenes, which represent the predominant flavor compounds in carrots. Also, up to date we identified and characterized two terpenesynthase enzymes, one of which produces (E)-β- caryophyllene, a major terpene component in carrot root. Both TPSs may contribute to the observed variation in volatile terpene formation.
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Matenga, Chrispin, and Munguzwe Hichaambwa. A Multi-Phase Assessment of the Effects of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Zambia. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.039.

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COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. The speed with which the pandemic spread geographically, and the high rate of mortality of its victims prompted many countries around the world to institute ‘lockdowns’ of various sorts to contain it. While the global concern in the early months following the emergence of COVID-19 was with health impacts, the ‘lockdown’ measures put in place by governments triggered global socioeconomic shocks as economies entered recessions due to disruption of economic activity that the ‘lockdown’ measures entailed. Data suggests that the socioeconomic shocks arising from ‘lockdowns’ have been more severe in sub-Saharan Africa countries, generating dire livelihood consequences for most citizens who depend on the informal economy for survival. In Zambia, the effects of COVID-19 combined with a severe drought, and a decline in mining activity to contribute to a downward spiral in Zambia’s economy. This report aims to gain real-time insights into how the COVID-19 crisis was unfolding in Zambia and how rural people and food and livelihood systems were responding. The study focused on documenting and understanding the differential impacts of the pandemic at the household level in terms of changes in participation in farming activities, availability of services for agricultural production, labour and employment, marketing and transport services, food and nutrition security and poverty and wellbeing.
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Lers, Amnon, Majid R. Foolad, and Haya Friedman. genetic basis for postharvest chilling tolerance in tomato fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600014.bard.

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ABSTRACT Postharvest losses of fresh produce are estimated globally to be around 30%. Reducing these losses is considered a major solution to ensure global food security. Storage at low temperatures is an efficient practice to prolong postharvest performance of crops with minimal negative impact on produce quality or human health and the environment. However, many fresh produce commodities are susceptible to chilling temperatures, and the application of cold storage is limited as it would cause physiological chilling injury (CI) leading to reduced produce quality. Further, the primary CI becomes a preferred site for pathogens leading to decay and massive produce losses. Thus, chilling sensitive crops should be stored at higher minimal temperatures, which curtails their marketing life and in some cases necessitates the use of other storage strategies. Development of new knowledge about the biological basis for chilling tolerance in fruits and vegetables should allow development of both new varieties more tolerant to cold, and more efficient postharvest storage treatments and storage conditions. In order to improve the agricultural performance of modern crop varieties, including tomato, there is great potential in introgression of marker-defined genomic regions from wild species onto the background of elite breeding lines. To exploit this potential for improving tomato fruit chilling tolerance during postharvest storage, we have used in this research a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the red-fruited tomato wild species SolanumpimpinellifoliumL. accession LA2093 and an advanced Solanum lycopersicumL. tomato breeding line NCEBR-1, developed in the laboratory of the US co-PI. The original specific objectives were: 1) Screening of RIL population resulting from the cross NCEBR1 X LA2093 for fruit chilling response during postharvest storage and estimation of its heritability; 2) Perform a transcriptopmic and bioinformatics analysis for the two parental lines following exposure to chilling storage. During the course of the project, we learned that we could measure greater differences in chilling responses among specific RILs compared to that observed between the two parental lines, and thus we decided not to perform transcriptomic analysis and instead invest our efforts more on characterization of the RILs. Performing the transcriptomic analysis for several RILs, which significantly differ in their chilling tolerance/sensitivity, at a later stage could result with more significant insights. The RIL population, (172 lines), was used in field experiment in which fruits were examined for chilling sensitivity by determining CI severity. Following the field experiments, including 4 harvest days and CI measurements, two extreme tails of the response distribution, each consisting of 11 RILs exhibiting either high sensitivity or tolerance to chilling stress, were identified and were further examined for chilling response in greenhouse experiments. Across the RILs, we found significant (P < 0.01) correlation between field and greenhouse grown plants in fruit CI. Two groups of 5 RILs, whose fruits exhibited reproducible chilling tolerant/sensitive phenotypes in both field and greenhouse experiments, were selected for further analyses. Numerous genetic, physiological, biochemical and molecular variations were investigated in response to postharvest chilling stress in the selected RILs. We confirmed the differential response of the parental lines of the RIL population to chilling stress, and examined the extent of variation in the RIL population in response to chilling treatment. We determined parameters which would be useful for further characterization of chilling response in the RIL population. These included chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm, water loss, total non-enzymatic potential of antioxidant activity, ascorbate and proline content, and expression of LeCBF1 gene, known to be associated with cold acclimation. These parameters could be used in continuation studies for the identification and genetic mapping of loci contributing to chilling tolerance in this population, and identifying genetic markers associated with chilling tolerance in tomato. Once genetic markers associated with chilling tolerance are identified, the trait could be transferred to different genetic background via marker-assisted selection (MAS) and breeding. The collaborative research established in this program has resulted in new information and insights in this area of research and the collaboration will be continued to obtain further insights into the genetic, molecular biology and physiology of postharvest chilling tolerance in tomato fruit. The US Co-PI, developed the RIL population that was used for screening and measurement of the relevant chilling stress responses and conducted statistical analyses of the data. Because we were not able to grow the RIL population under field conditions in two successive generations, we could not estimate heritability of response to chilling temperatures. However, we plan to continue the research, grow the RIL progeny in the field again, and determine heritability of chilling tolerance in a near future. The IS and US investigators interacted regularly and plan to continue and expand on this study, since combing the expertise of the Co-PI in genetics and breeding with that of the PI in postharvest physiology and molecular biology will have great impact on this line of research, given the significant findings of this one-year feasibility project.
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Avis, William. Responsible E-Waste Value Chains in Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.015.

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Population growth, increasing prosperity and changing consumer habits globally are increasing demand for consumer electronics. Further to this, rapid changes in technology, falling prices, increased affordability and consumer appetite for new products have exacerbated e-waste management challenges and seen millions of tons of electronic devices become obsolete. This rapid literature review collates evidence from academic, policy focussed and grey literature on e-waste value chains. The report should be read I conjunction with an earlier report on e-waste management. E-waste is any electrical or electronic equipment, including all components, subassemblies and consumables, which are part of the equipment at the time the equipment becomes waste. When e-waste is collected and treated formally, it normally includes the following steps: Collection, Sorting and disassembly, Size reduction, Separation. The following five pillars of a sustainable e-waste management system have been identified: • Business and finance • Policy and regulation • Technology and skills • Monitoring and control • Marketing and awareness As such, to support the development of a responsible e-waste value chain, the following elements must be addressed. • Understanding how e-waste is currently managed • There is no one-size-fits all solution to building a robust e-waste management system based on extended producer responsibility. • An e-waste system built without a participatory approach is likely to be hampered by a series of issues. • An overarching policy is necessary • The choices made for the sector should be founded on two crucial elements – data from on the ground, and inputs from stakeholders. • Enforcement is incumbent on the government mandate The push towards a circular economy has provided stakeholders across the value chain with an impetus to initiate systemic improvements and invest in infrastructure and awareness raising.
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Salavisa, Isabel, Mark Soares, and Sofia Bizarro. A Critical Assessment of Organic Agriculture in Portugal: A reflection on the agro-food system transition. DINÂMIA'CET-Iscte, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2021.05.

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Over the last few decades, the organic agriculture sector has experienced sustained growth. Globally, as well as in the European Union and Portugal, organic production accounts for just under 10% of total Utilised Agricultural Area (UAA) (FiBL, 2019; Eurostat, 2019; DGADR, 2019; INE, 2019; GPP, 2019). This growth has been seen in terms of production, number of producers, amount of retail sales, imports and exports. This article attempts to build on the multi-level perspective (MLP) of the socio-technical (ST) transitions theory by employing a whole systems analysis (Geels, 2018) of organic agriculture in Portugal, which defends an integrated vision of the systems, where multiple interactions occur within and among the niche, the regime and the landscape levels. This approach has been employed in order to develop a critical analysis of the current state of the Portuguese organic agriculture sector, stressing the multiplicity of elements that are contributing to the agro-food system´s transformation into a more sustainable one. In fact, the agro-food system is related with climate change but also has connections with other domains such as public health, water management, land use and biodiversity. Therefore, it is affected by shifts in these areas. This analysis considers developments in increasing domestic organic production, number of producers, amount of retail sales, imports, exports, market innovations, and the sector´s reconfiguration. The organic sector´s increase has been attributed to European regulation, institutionalization, standardization, farmer certification, external (government) subsidy support programs, incremental market improvements (visibility and product access), the emergence of new retailers, the rise of supporting consumers and a shift away from conventional agriculture (Truninger, 2010; DGADR, 2019; Pe´er et al, 2019). However, together with positive incentives, this sector also faces numerous barriers that are hindering a faster transformation. Difficulties for the sector to date have included: product placement; a disconnect between production, distribution and marketing systems; high transport costs; competition from imports; European subsidies focused on extensive crops (pastures, olive groves, and arable crops), entailing a substantial growth in the area of pasture to the detriment of other crops; the fact that the products that are in demand (fresh vegetables and fruit) are being neglected by Portuguese producers; expensive certification procedures; lack of adequate support and market expertise for national producers; the hybrid configuration of the sector; and price. Organic agriculture as a niche-innovation is still not greatly contributing to overall agricultural production. The low supply of organic products, despite its ever-increasing demand, suggests that a transition to increased organic production requires a deeper and faster food system reconfiguration, where an array of distinct policies are mobilized and a diversity of actions take place at different levels (Geels, 2018; Pe´er et al, 2019). This paper will attempt to contribute an overall critical assessment of the organic sector´s features and evolution and will identify some of the main obstacles to be overcome, in order to boost the sustainability transition of the agro-food system in Portugal.
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