Journal articles on the topic 'Global market identification'
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Karkowska, Renata, and Igor Kravchuk. "Identification of global systemically important stock exchanges." Equilibrium 14, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/eq.2019.002.
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Research background: Increased regulations reducing systemic risk are essentially underpinned by the understanding of the global nature and sources of instability of the financial system. In the economic literature, there are many arguments presented by critical supporters and opponents of measuring and reporting global systemically important entities.
Purpose of the article: In response to the requirements of regulators, the article seeks to identify systematically important regulated stock markets for selected global stock exchanges by developing a composite ratio. Additionally, it provides empirical evidence concerning their risk exploration.
Methods: The proposed method uses weighted average values of indicators grouped in four categories: (1) market size, (2) cross-jurisdictional activity and interconnectedness, (3) substitutability, (4) complexity. The research covers stock exchanges, reported to WFE, spanning the period 2008–2017.
Findings & Value added: The study finds that the problem of systemic risk on global stock exchanges is growing despite numerous prudential regulations. In order to obtain a more complete assessment of market systemic sensitivity, regulators should take into account a wider range of indicators and calculations such as cross-jurisdictional activity and market complexity.
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Kozmenko, Olga, and Olha Kuzmenko. "Cognitive modeling of reinsurance flows on the global reinsurance market." Geopolitics under Globalization 1, no. 1 (March 16, 2016): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/gg.01(1).2017.01.
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The article studies one of the areas of the world globalization processes – formation, interaction and regulation of financial flows of world reinsurers. Mathematical formalization of the relationships of countries’ reinsurance flows is proposed to be built on the basis of cognitive maps and correlation analysis. Identification of relevant areas of global reinsurers’ development is conducted on the basis of indicators of consonances of mutual influence, interaction and centralization.
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Aleknevičiūtė, Eglė. "GLOBAL FACTORS INFLUENCING GOVERNMENT BOND MARKET COMOVEMENTS." Science and Studies of Accounting and Finance: Problems and Perspectives 10, no. 1 (November 25, 2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/ssaf.2016.01.
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The aim of this theoretical paper is to discuss the researches implemented in government bond and other financial markets, and to identify the most important global factors, influencing government bond market comovements. Even though, there exist various groups of factors, influencing government bond markets, this research is concentrated in the existence of global factors. If the influence of these factors is significant, investors cannot hedge from this influence by diversifying. The research in this paper is implemented by using the analysis, synthesis and systemization of the researches and other scientific literature. This research uses a novel approach by excluding and the most common global factors, influencing government bond market comovements and discussing the measures to assess the influence of these factors on the comovements. The research resulted in identification of 5 global factors, most commonly disclosed by other researchers as influencing government bond market comovements: global risk aversion, global market portfolio, money market uncertainty, commodity market uncertainty and economic policy uncertainty, with the most important factor being global risk aversion. The existence of these factors reduces the benefits from international diversification: if the markets are strongly influence by the same global factors, the deterioration of these factors will influence the investment portfolio in the same way.
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Mallery, Mary. "Scholarly Identification Systems in a Global Market: The ORCID Solution." International Information & Library Review 48, no. 4 (October 2016): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10572317.2016.1243962.
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Dombrovska, Svitlana, Viktoriia Shvedun, Volodymyr Streltsov, and Kyrylo Husarov. "The prospects of integration of the advertising market of Ukraine into the global advertising business." Problems and Perspectives in Management 16, no. 2 (June 11, 2018): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.16(2).2018.29.
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Advertising expands and improves sales channels, accelerates money turnover, thereby increasing overall effectiveness of functioning of national economy and its integration into the world economy in general. The analysis of the current trends and future prospects of management of the advertising market of Ukraine at the world level is carried out in the article. In particular, the analysis of the current structure of the world advertising market is made. The assessment of retrospective tendencies of development of the advertising and communication market of Ukraine is carried out. The identification of perspective volumes of the advertising market of Ukraine is made. The forecast of perspective volumes of the advertising market of Ukraine within the next three years is made. In general, the given research allows to allocate problems of the modern advertising market of Ukraine and offers the ways of improvement of the state advertising policy of Ukraine.
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Masiero, Gilmar, Mario Henrique Ogasavara, and Marcelo Luiz Risso. "Going global in groups: a relevant market entry strategy?" Review of International Business and Strategy 27, no. 1 (March 6, 2017): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ribs-11-2016-0067.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify whether the new Chinese phenomenon of going global in groups represents a more advantageous market entry mode than the phenomena considered in previous studies. Design/methodology/approach In this empirical research paper, the authors draw upon the literature in academic journals and books regarding the Chinese special economic zones overseas to analyze and compare collective internationalization (i.e. going global in groups) with traditional market entry modes as per the ownership, location and internalization paradigm (OLI) and transaction cost approach (TCA). Findings The authors identified that financial and diplomatic support provided by the Chinese Government has reinforced internationalization in groups, thereby minimizing some structural risks in host countries. Pre-operational and operating costs have been lowered or shared among group members, and weighted average cost of capital has dropped due to the availability of specific funding lines with subsidized interest rates. Research limitations/implications Given the lack of available literature on the topic, the authors based their study of the collective internationalization of Chinese firms on very few cases, most of which represent market entry in African countries. Practical implications The study calls attention to a new, more efficient and less risky characteristic of international entry modes, which implies that companies can reap multiple benefits by entering markets in global groups. Originality/value As literature addressing market entry modes focuses mostly on individual enterprises, this paper contributes to the identification of advantages in collective internationalization.
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Chai, Jian, Shubin Wang, and Hao Xiao. "Abrupt Changes of Global Oil Price." Journal of Systems Science and Information 1, no. 1 (February 25, 2013): 38–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jssi-2013-0038.
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AbstractAiming to shed light on the predominant variations or events that lead to the abrupt change of oil price that affect the Chinese macro economy growth, this paper performs product partition model to identify and analyze world historic abrupt change of oil price and related variations as well as the identification of the structural change point of crude oil market equilibrium structure during the investigation stage using a MSBVAR model. We found out that abrupt change of oil price occurred time and again from 1991 to 2011. Yet the change of equilibrium structure of oil market emerged only once.
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Scagliarini, Tomas, Luca Faes, Daniele Marinazzo, Sebastiano Stramaglia, and Rosario N. Mantegna. "Synergistic Information Transfer in the Global System of Financial Markets." Entropy 22, no. 9 (September 8, 2020): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22091000.
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Uncovering dynamic information flow between stock market indices has been the topic of several studies which exploited the notion of transfer entropy or Granger causality, its linear version. The output of the transfer entropy approach is a directed weighted graph measuring the information about the future state of each target provided by the knowledge of the state of each driving stock market index. In order to go beyond the pairwise description of the information flow, thus looking at higher order informational circuits, here we apply the partial information decomposition to triplets consisting of a pair of driving markets (belonging to America or Europe) and a target market in Asia. Our analysis, on daily data recorded during the years 2000 to 2019, allows the identification of the synergistic information that a pair of drivers carry about the target. By studying the influence of the closing returns of drivers on the subsequent overnight changes of target indexes, we find that (i) Korea, Tokyo, Hong Kong, and Singapore are, in order, the most influenced Asian markets; (ii) US indices SP500 and Russell are the strongest drivers with respect to the bivariate Granger causality; and (iii) concerning higher order effects, pairs of European and American stock market indices play a major role as the most synergetic three-variables circuits. Our results show that the Synergy, a proxy of higher order predictive information flow rooted in information theory, provides details that are complementary to those obtained from bivariate and global Granger causality, and can thus be used to get a better characterization of the global financial system.
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Asaturov, Konstantin, and Tamara Teplova. "Volatility Spillover and Contagion Effects on Stock Markets: Global and Local Leaders Determination (part 1)." Moscow University Economics Bulletin 2014, no. 5 (October 30, 2014): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105201451.
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The study focuses on the identification of stable relations between the stock markets of three geographic regions, including pre- and post-crisis periods. The paper demonstrates the applicability of the ARMA-DCC-GARCH model, allowing to provide a detailed examination of the dynamic correlation between 26 stock markets in the three regions (America, Europe and Asia) over the period of 1995-2012. We examine the volatility spillover effects and conditional correlations among the international equity markets. The country stock index is considered as an indicator of market dynamics. The results show that the US market (S&P500 index) is the main volatility transmitter worldwide, whereas the UK, German and French markets are the sources of volatility for the European developed and emerging European equity markets. However, the German DAX index, contrary to some studies, cannot be considered as a dominant one in the European region, in spite of the leadership of the German economy. The study shows that the role of “exporting volatility” or volatility transmitter belongs to the UK stock market. We also found that the US, the UK, Germany and France have a greater influence on emerging markets rather than on developed ones. Between the two markets in the North and East European region (Russia and Poland) the dominant transmitter role belongs to Russia.
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Ikhwana, A., R. Kurniawati, W. A. Kurniawan, and F. P. Alinda. "Identification of supporting factors of local food products towards the global market competition." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1402 (December 2019): 022035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1402/2/022035.
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Barigozzi, Matteo, Marc Hallin, and Stefano Soccorsi. "Identification of Global and Local Shocks in International Financial Markets via General Dynamic Factor Models*." Journal of Financial Econometrics 17, no. 3 (March 1, 2018): 462–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jjfinec/nby006.
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AbstractWe employ a two-stage general dynamic factor model to analyze co-movements between returns and between volatilities of stocks from the U.S., European, and Japanese financial markets. We find two common shocks driving the dynamics of volatilities—one global shock and one United States–European shock—and four local shocks driving returns, but no global one. Co-movements in returns and volatilities increased considerably in the period 2007–2012 associated with the Great Financial Crisis and the European Sovereign Debt Crisis. We interpret this finding as the sign of a surge, during crises, of interdependencies across markets, as opposed to contagion. Finally, we introduce a new method for structural analysis in general dynamic factor models which is applied to the identification of volatility shocks via natural timing assumptions. The global shock has homogeneous dynamic effects within each individual market but more heterogeneous effects across them, and is useful for predicting aggregate realized volatilities.
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Baryshnikov, P. N., and M. N. Atakuev. "Social interoception functions and the global body data market." Philosophical Problems of Information Technologies and Cyberspace, no. 1 (July 14, 2021): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17726/philit.2021.1.5.
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The body-oriented approach in the philosophy of cognitive sciences is gaining in importance in the conditions of the formation of new high-tech contexts. The problem of interoception and integration of bodily data into socio-economic processes requires a comprehensive analysis and ethical assessment. This article examines the conceptual foundations of the body-oriented approach and its impact on the essence of cognitive processes. The main advantages and disadvantages of this approach are presented. We consider the methodological conflict zones of the bodily paradigm and traditional methodological attitudes of the cognitive sciences. The system ofinteroceptive sensations is a special «layer» of bodily experience. The social functions of interoceptive sensations are an interdisciplinary research area that focuses on the mechanisms of interaction between the private content of bodily experience and systems of social interaction. The regularity between interoceptive sensations and human behavioral patterns reflects the importance of examining bodily data. Today, the market for bodily data is just beginning to form, but at the same time it is already playing an important role in global digital transformation processes. A multitude of applications and wearable digital devices that track bodily activity and generate gigantic amounts of data are used today by millions of people around the world. The identification of bodily activity leads to the emergence of new forms of interaction between a person and socio-institutional systems, the specific properties of which are also considered in this article.
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Olbryś, Joanna, and Elżbieta Majewska. "Bear market periods during the 2007–2009 financial crisis: Direct evidence from the Visegrad countries." Acta Oeconomica 65, no. 4 (December 2015): 547–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.65.2015.4.3.
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The main goal of this paper is a quantitative identification of bear market periods during the 2007–2009 global financial crisis in the case of the Visegrad Group stock markets. We analyse four countries, namely Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Slovakia and, for comparison, the US stock market. The sample period begins on May1, 2004, and ends on April 30, 2013, i.e. it includes the 2007 US subprime crisis. We use the statistical method of dividing market states into bullish and bearish markets. Our results reveal October 2007–February 2009 as the common downmarket period of the recent global financial crisis, except for Slovakia. It is instructive to formally identify crises, as it enables sensitivity analyses of various relationships and linkages among international stock markets using econometric and statistical tools, with respect to the pre-, post- and crisis periods. Moreover, we investigate the effect of increasing cross-market correlations in the crisis compared to the pre-crisis period, applying both standard contemporaneous correlations and volatility-adjusted correlation coefficients. The results confirm that accommodating heteroskedasticity is critical for detecting contagion across economies. A number of studies document that crossmarket correlations vary over time, thereby making the benefits of international portfolio choice and diversification questionable.
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Lapinova, Svetlana, Alena Anikina, and Alexander Osharin. "Analysis of export and import structures using network methods (on the example of the agricultural market)." St Petersburg University Journal of Economic Studies 36, no. 3 (2020): 421–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu05.2020.304.
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Analysis of trade cooperation between countries and identification of the most significant market participants is of great importance, both theoretically and empirically. The global trading community forms a network of international relations defined by trade contracts in various industries. Export-import trade flows are one of the key indicators of the level of cooperation among countries and the state of the global economy. The high intensity of such contacts across groups of countries suggests the existence of clusters in this market segment,consisting of central players — exporters and importers, who often define rules for other participants.Understanding the existence and identification of such a center helps to develop an optimal international trade strategy. The purpose of this contribution is to identify factors affecting trade flows among different countries. Statistical analysis of the international trade relations does not always reveal all the essential aspects of cooperation. This paper combines the methods of graph theory and econometric analysis to study the parameters of trade flows among countries. The parameters used in the network analysis make it possible to obtain additional characteristics of market participants, which help to evaluate their significance in the world trade. The paper also identifies some key mathematical and economic characteristics of export-import flows connecting destination countries. We have analyzed the directions of changes in world trade and established correspondences between metric characteristics of graph vertices and parameters of world trade models. The Russian indicators in export/import categories and its largest sales agents are estimated. The identification of the key intermediaries and importers (centers and authorities) on each of the markets in question has been carried out. As an example for this identification the market of agricultural products among the world’s largest exporters and importers of the product were used.
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D. Raggio, Randle, Robert P. Leone, and William C. Black. "Beyond “halo”: the identification and implications of differential brand effects across global markets." Journal of Consumer Marketing 31, no. 2 (May 6, 2014): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-06-2013-0592.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether brands impact consumer evaluations in ways other than a consistent halo and the degree to which consumers use both overall brand information along with detailed attribute-specific information to construct their evaluations. Design/methodology/approach – The authors decompose consumer evaluations of brand benefits into overall brand and detailed attribute-specific sources through a standard CFA approach. Data cover 55 brands in four product categories sold in nine global markets. Findings – Halo effects are rare in global CPG markets. The authors identify the presence of differential brand effects in eight of nine global markets tested. Application of an extended model to a market where several competing family brands are present demonstrates the ability of the model to identify relationships among brand offerings within a family brand and to differentiate between family brand sets. Research limitations/implications – The finding of differential effects calls into question the assumption of a consistent brand effect assumed in past research; future models should accommodate differential effects. Practical implications – The ability to decompose consumer brand-benefit beliefs into overall brand and detailed attribute-specific sources provides managers with insights into which latent mental sources consumers use to construct their brand beliefs. As such, the methodology provides useful descriptive and diagnostic measures concerning the sources of suspicious, interesting, or worrisome consumer brand beliefs as well as a means to determine if their branding, positioning and/or messaging is having the desired impact on consumer evaluations so that they can make and evaluate required changes. Originality/value – A significant contribution of this research is the finding that many times the brand source differentially impacts consumers' evaluations of brand-benefits, a finding that is contrary to a consistent halo effect that is assumed in prior models.
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HORVÁTH, DENIS, and ZOLTÁN KUSCSIK. "STRUCTURALLY DYNAMIC SPIN MARKET NETWORKS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 18, no. 08 (August 2007): 1361–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183107011388.
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The agent-based model of stock price dynamics on a directed evolving complex network is suggested and studied by direct simulation. The stationary regime is maintained as a result of the balance between the extremal dynamics, adaptivity of strategic variables and reconnection rules. The inherent structure of node agent "brain" is modeled by a recursive neural network with local and global inputs and feedback connections. For specific parametric combination the complex network displays small-world phenomenon combined with scale-free behavior. The identification of a local leader (network hub, agent whose strategies are frequently adapted by its neighbors) is carried out by repeated random walk process through network. The simulations show empirically relevant dynamics of price returns and volatility clustering. The additional emerging aspects of stylized market statistics are Zipfian distributions of fitness.
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Yevsuykov, O. P., O. O. Akhmedova, and S. I. Sysoieva. "Global advertising market of eco-friendly products in developing countries: A review of the current trends and prospects." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 10, no. 5 (October 20, 2020): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2020_219.
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The analysis of the current trends and future prospects of extension of advertising market of eco-friendly products in developing countries at the world level is carried out in the article. In particular, the assessment of the current structure of world advertising market of eco-friendly products is made. The determination of retrospective tendencies of development of advertising market of eco-friendly products in developing countries on the example of Ukraine is carried out. The identification of prospective volumes of advertising market of eco-friendly products in developing countries is given. The complex of actions allowing stimulating advertising activity concerning eco-friendly products in developing countries with the prospect of increase of their share within the world advertising market of eco-friendly products is offered.
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Lesmana, Rudy Prilto, Margaretha Margawati van Eymeren, and Ferdinand Fransiscus Tanuwidjaja. "The Art of Luxury: Sealy Brand Personality Identification." International Journal of Business Studies 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32924/ijbs.v5i2.183.
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Sealy is one of luxury mattress brands in the global market that since 2013 strives to have a successful business in the Indonesia luxury mattress market. In Indonesia, Sealy competes directly with many top collection models from several other international mattress brands. To face the competition, Sealy needs brand personality. This research aims to identify Sealy's brand personality, which can be used as a guideline for the company when setting up its marketing communication plan. This research's methods are qualitative, and as desk research, the unit analysis are both product-related and non-product-related characteristics of Sealy that called drivers. This research constructs a category based on 42 traits, 15 facets, and 5 dimensions of Aaker’s brand personality framework to analyze Sealy's specific brand drivers. The result is that Sealy main personalities are leader and upper class from competence and sophistication dimensions.
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Molner, Sven, Jaideep C. Prabhu, and Manjit S. Yadav. "Lost in a Universe of Markets: Toward a Theory of Market Scoping for Early-Stage Technologies." Journal of Marketing 83, no. 2 (December 27, 2018): 37–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022242918813308.
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This article examines market scoping for early-stage technologies, a fundamental yet underexplored marketing activity. Market scoping refers to managerial activities directed at the identification of market spaces for early-stage technologies. This discovery-oriented research aimed at theory development draws on an extensive, multiyear database of email trails and archival records detailing market-scoping efforts for early-stage technologies emerging from a global research university. From this longitudinal database, the authors provide an in-depth examination of managers’ market space decisions and advance an initial theory of market scoping. They isolate managers’ market-scoping mindset—which manifests as market ambiguity avoidance or acceptance—as a key explanatory construct shaping market space decisions and outcomes. Market ambiguity avoidance results in managers’ downstream orientation toward end users; this mindset, counterintuitively, may lead to technology commercialization failure. In contrast, market ambiguity acceptance results in managers’ upstream orientation; this mindset directs attention away from end users but helps uncover indirect paths to viable market spaces. This article lays the groundwork for advancing marketing research in the context of early-stage technology commercialization.
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Wieland, Ildikó, Levente Kovács, and Taras Savchenko. "Conceptual study of the difference between the money market and the capital market." Financial Markets, Institutions and Risks 4, no. 1 (2020): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/fmir.4(1).51-59.2020.
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The article is devoted to the research of theoretical principles of development of such components of the financial market as the money market and the capital market, identification of key differences between them on the basis of the analysis of scientific professional literature and key provisions of the legislative framework, substantiation of the general interpretation of their essence that could be used in international practice. The article analyzes the peculiarities of formation and functioning of each type of markets, traditional differences between them, examines international practice and statistics on the use of these terms by economic agents, defines the legal basis for understanding their essence and the legal basis for the delineation of these two types of markets. It is proved that a thorough analysis of the peculiarities of the functioning of individual markets, the frequency, and popularity of the use of their definitions in economic practice, the definition of users of these types of markets and their functions, form the prerequisites for clarifying the definitions of the essence of each of these markets, with their further global harmonization. The result of the research is the authors’ own interpretations of the concepts of the “money market” and “capital market”. The money market offers an understanding of the transaction system for the purchase and sale of liquid cash or other short-term financial assets, which typically include short-term financial liabilities (up to one year), the purpose of which is usually to provide financing for current operations, short-term profit or financial risk management in the short-term. The capital market is defined in the article as a system of transactions for the purchase and sale of financial assets, which include securities, derivatives, or financial transactions, which usually involve long-term financial liabilities, the purpose of which is to satisfy capital requirements or increase capital. Keywords: money market; capital market; financial market; legal basis; international practice, definitions.
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Wu, Shaojun, and Ling Gao. "Multi-Level Joint Feature Learning for Person Re-Identification." Algorithms 13, no. 5 (April 29, 2020): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a13050111.
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In person re-identification, extracting image features is an important step when retrieving pedestrian images. Most of the current methods only extract global features or local features of pedestrian images. Some inconspicuous details are easily ignored when learning image features, which is not efficient or robust to for scenarios with large differences. In this paper, we propose a Multi-level Feature Fusion model that combines both global features and local features of images through deep learning networks to generate more discriminative pedestrian descriptors. Specifically, we extract local features from different depths of network by the Part-based Multi-level Net to fuse low-to-high level local features of pedestrian images. Global-Local Branches are used to extract the local features and global features at the highest level. The experiments have proved that our deep learning model based on multi-level feature fusion works well in person re-identification. The overall results outperform the state of the art with considerable margins on three widely-used datasets. For instance, we achieve 96% Rank-1 accuracy on the Market-1501 dataset and 76.1% mAP on the DukeMTMC-reID dataset, outperforming the existing works by a large margin (more than 6%).
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Matczak, Maciej. "CONCENTRATION MEASURES IN THE PROCESS OF IDENTIFICATION OF COMPETITIVENESS LEVEL OF GLOBAL SEABORNE CONTAINER TRANSPORT MARKET." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego Problemy Transportu i Logistyki 35 (2016): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/ptl.2016.35-11.
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Zeng, Yong, and Lei Chen. "Price Discovery Analysis of Oil Futures Market: A View of Interaction Effect." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 4366–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.4366.
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Whether oil futures market can perform price discovery function well is very important in global economics and energy markets. The interaction between oil spot and futures prices exists due to intraday information transfer and arbitrage trading. However, the traditional methods used in price discovery analysis ignore the interaction, and thus introduce the biased conclusions. This paper uses simultaneous equation analyze the interaction effect between oil spot and futures returns, estimates the model by the method of modified identification through heteroskedasticity (modified ITH) and examines price discovery function of oil futures markets. Using weekly spot and futures prices of Brent crude oil, gas oil and heating oil between Feb 12, 1999 and Jan 30, 2009, the results suggest oil futures return will affect the corresponding oil spot return. The unidirectional interaction exists. This indicates the information will transfer from futures markets to spot markets and oil futures markets have the major price discovery function. This paper also offers a new view of examining price discovery, i.e. interaction effect.
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Rudkovskyy, Serhii. "EFFICIENCY OF ENERGY COMPANIES IN THE ANALYSIS OF THE WORLD MARKET TRANSFORMATION ON THE BASIS OF THE «STRUCTURE-BEHAVIOR-RESULTS» MODEL." Economic Analysis, no. 30(3) (2020): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2020.03.033.
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Subject. The subject of the study is the financial results of the largest companies operating in the main industry segments of the global energy market in the process of its transformation. Goal. The article aims to assess the effectiveness of the world's largest energy companies concerning the structure, behavior, regulation, and identification of areas of transformation processes in the global energy market; improving the methodology of analysis of the transformation of the global energy market in the study of the effectiveness of energy companies based on the model «structure-behavior-efficiency-regulation». Methodology. The research methodology chosen is the model «Structure-Behavior-Effectiveness-Regulation» based on the basic paradigm of analysis of the industry market «Structure-Behavior-Effectiveness». Results. The study of the essence of transformation processes in the world energy market is based on the methodology of causal analysis of the sectoral (energy) market. Improved methodology for studying the transformation of the global energy market by adapting the model «Structure-Behavior-Effectiveness-Regulation» for the global energy market with the allocation of basic conditions and public policy, which allowed to analyze the relationship between regulation, market structure, behavior, effectiveness companies in the industry and obtaining socially significant externalities. The evaluation and comparative analysis of performance indicators in the world energy market of the largest companies of different types depending on the legal status, a form of ownership (private, collective, state, and municipal), socialization of capital, nationality. Conclusions. Improved methodology for studying the transformation of the global energy market by adapting the model «Structure-Behavior-Effectiveness-Regulation» for the global energy market with the allocation of basic conditions and public policy, which allowed to analyze the relationship between regulation, market structure, behavior, effectiveness companies in the industry and obtaining socially significant externalities. Performance appraisal and comparative analysis of the performance of the world's largest energy companies by type of fuel showed that in terms of absolute and relative terms, companies specializing in fossil fuels are currently leading. Renewable energy companies have high importance of profitability of sales and on average – other indicators, which is explained by stimulating government measures that increase the profitability of asset use. It is shown that the regulation, in particular, the development of antitrust institutions, stimulating low-carbon energy production, and increasing requirements for man-made security in the global energy market has positive externalities, such as increased access to energy sources due to liberalization, improved environment due to renewable energy companies.
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Gruzdeva, Tatiana, Rentsen Enkhbat, and Natsagdorj Tungalag. "Fractional programming approach to a cost minimization problem in electricity market." Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research 29, no. 1 (2019): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/yjor171115003g.
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This paper was motivated by a practical optimization problem that appeared in electricity market of Mongolia. We consider the total average cost minimization problem of power companies of the Ulaanbaatar city. By solving an identification problem, we developed a fractional model that quite adequately represents the real data. The obtained problem turned out to be a fractional minimization problem over a box constraint, and to solve it, we propose a method that employs the global search theory for d.c. minimization.
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Tkaczenko, Olena, and Mariia Drobiazko. "DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC CYCLES IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL CHANGES." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 28, no. 3 (April 10, 2018): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/2809.
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In this article, a retrospective analysis of the theory of cyclicity is carried out and approaches to the study of cycles and crises are systematized. The scientists’ observations regarding the identification of the global crisis of 2008-2009 as global are revealed and summarized. It is noted that the latest crisis of 2008-2009 was a consequence of the accumulation of both traditional problems of economic cyclicality and new emerging paradigmatic changes in world development in the conditions of globalization. The focus is on such contradictions of globalization as: technoglobalism, global stratification, global financial liberalization and market fundamentalism.
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Rumánková, Lenka, and Luboš Smutka. "Global sugar market – the analysis of factors influencing supply and demand." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 2 (2013): 463–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361020463.
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This article deals with an analysis of the world sugar market, and specifically focuses on the supply and demand of refined sugar and their main determinants. The article first identifies the main determinants of the world supply of and demand for sugar, and further, their effect on such variables is quantified. Further, the component correlations on the selected market are analyzed. This consists of the identification of the factors affecting the production of refined sugar, as one of the main elements of the supply of sugar, as well as an analysis of the world price of sugar, as one of the significant factors affecting the world sugar market. The said correlations are quantified with the utilization of regression analysis on the basis of time series of the individual variables within the years 1980–2010. On the basis of the conducted analysis, the main determinants of the sugar supply on the world market within the analyzed period, for which an effect has been established both from an economic viewpoint, as well as from a statistical viewpoint, can be considered to be sugar reserves, its price and the acreage of sugarcane. The main determinant of the demand for sugar is, according to the conducted analysis, the global GDP on a new value level, as well as converted to one inhabitant. Further, the analysis also established the effect of the price of sugar and its reserves on the world production of refined sugar, and, last but not least, also the long-term tendency in the development of the world price of sugar. The analysis has proven significant influence of refined sugar supply, reserves of refined sugar, its price and area of sugar cane on sugar supply. Then, the analysis detected GDP as the main determinant of the sugar demand and the long memory in sugar prices. Finally, the influence of delayed price, reserves and delayed reserves on production has been proven.
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Kwon, Woong, Hyun-Woo Lee, and YuKyoum Kim. "Creating Shared Values Between National Team Identity and Global Event Brand Equity." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 43, no. 2 (March 21, 2015): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2015.43.2.177.
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We proposed and empirically examined a social identity-brand equity model for global sporting events. In the model, we focused on the functional organization of mutual benefits between fans' identification with a national team and global event brand equity. We applied a 2-step approach to assess the simultaneous equation models and utilized the bootstrapping method to examine the direct, indirect, and total effects. Participants were 280 students of diverse nationalities (102 women, 178 men; Mage = 23.84 years, age range: 18–37 years). The results indicated that attributes of local experience and global phenomena are intertwined in the formation of positive local identification with national teams and the brand equity of a global sporting event. Managers and researchers should further identify and elaborate on ways and means of creating value in order to foster the universal sport market.
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Zhang, Yizhuo, Rui Chen, and Ding Ma. "A Weighted and Directed Perspective of Global Stock Market Connectedness: A Variance Decomposition and GERGM Framework." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 4, 2020): 4605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114605.
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The financial penetration accelerated by economic globalization and financial liberalization has inevitably induced market co-movement and the rising likelihood of cross-market risk contagion. An in-depth analysis concerning the carrier of risk contagion, i.e., market connectedness network, is of great significance for risk management. This study aims to establish a holistic framework to shed light on the topological dynamics and the evolving channels of connectedness network among 24 major stock markets in two aspects; namely, a dynamic perspective juxtaposing crisis and non-crisis periods, and a contrasting perspective between risk absorption and risk spillover. To this end, a methodological framework of the generalized variance decomposition and generalized exponential random graph models (GERGM) is constructed, in which the former method formulates the asymmetric causal relationships of stock return volatility among countries and regions into weighted and directed networks, and the latter method simulates and models the varying attributes of different contagion channels in the formation of tie directions and weights. The results indicate that the global stock market network reflects typical event-driven and time-varying characteristics. Countries and regions that rely heavily on foreign direct investment (FDI) are more likely to absorb risks, especially during the post-crisis recovery period, while countries and regions with higher foreign portfolio holdings are more inclined to risk spillover, especially during the subprime crisis. Geographical proximity and bilateral trade volume amplify risk contagion, whereas foreign exchange reserve holding improves robustness. This holistic framework allows the identification of the direction and intensity of risk contagion and the clarification of priority of risk transmission channels in different stages, thus reducing the uncertainty of risk management and providing insights into the macro-prudential managements toward sustainable economic development.
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Ignatova, Tatiana, Elena Alifanova, Yulia Evlakhova, and Christos Alexanis. "Development of approaches to identification of systemic importance of insurance companies." SHS Web of Conferences 110 (2021): 01048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111001048.
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The article is devoted to systemically important insurance organizations, problems of their identification, identification of vulnerabilities to financial security threats, risks of money laundering and terrorist financing. The authors proposed a new criterion for the systemic importance of insurance companies (links with systemically important banks), which, together with the existing indicators, can be used in identifying both global and national systemically important insurers. Using the example of the links of Russian insurers through the ownership structure with Russian systemically important credit institutions, the possibilities of applying this criterion were shown: the pairs of links in the Russian market and the types of links between organizations were identified, the selection of insurance companies was carried out. As a result of the study, the authors compiled a list of Russian insurers that can be considered systemically important in the Russian financial market. General vulnerabilities of systemically important insurance and credit organizations were determined based on the analysis of reports on the national assessment of money laundering and terrorist financing risk. The obtained results can be used by state bodies for regulating the financial market and financial monitoring when developing a policy for regulating the insurance sector.
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Larina, Y. S. "MARKETING STRATEGIES IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS: ROLE, CONDITIONS AND METHODS OF CHOICE." Economic innovations 19, no. 2(64) (July 7, 2017): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.2(64).183-189.
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The objective necessity of business strategy development in international business is proved. We define the strategy as a generalized model of marketing actions, which includes a thorough study of the needs and requirements of consumers, segmentation, choice of target markets, identification of competitive advantages, differentiation, positioning, and clear identification of elements of marketing mix. The hierarchy of marketing strategies of the enterprise in the international business is defined. We proved that in the process of forming the marketing strategy of the agroindustrial complex in the foreign markets, it is necessary to adapt the main elements of this methodology to the world market of agricultural products and food by taking into account its features as a market with a high level of competition, high dynamics of development, peculiarities of consumer behavior on it, product specificity regarding quality, conditions of storage, etc. We determined the growth strategies as a most dynamic strategies in international business. Options of strategies of growth on foreign markets are considered. The features of realization of marketing strategies in the international business and the main factors influencing their success are determined. In particular we reviewed that the main problems of enterprises of domestic agroindustrial complex while entering the external markets are largely due to the defects of the proposed commodity policy, in particular the inconsistency between sellers and buyers regarding quality standards of products and packaging, non-compliance with global standards and certification principles. In addition, the problem may be insufficient level of service, ineffective pricing policy, inconsistency of actions of market participants. The tools and stages of building strategies for penetration into international business are substantiated.
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Supriyatna, Eddy, Agustinus Purna Irawan, and Maitri Widya Mutiara. "PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN UKIR KAYU PADA INDUSTRI FURNITURE DI JEPARA." Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, dan Seni 3, no. 2 (October 29, 2019): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmishumsen.v3i2.6036.
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Industri furniture di Jepara sedang mengalami proses perubahan dalam mengatisipasi pasar ekspor. Desain-desain fuirniture yang diproduksi cenderung mengikuti keinginan dan kebutuhan pasar global yang nyaris tidak menampilkan ukiran kayu dalam desain furniturenya. Padahal, ukir kayu Jepara merupakan keunggulan Jepara yang telah berkembangn secara turun-temurun, beratus tahun lamanya. Tampaknya potensi ukir kayu tersebut tidak diberdayakan sebagai alat daya saing ekspor. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan pengembangan desain furniture ukir kayu yang disesuaikan dengan tuntutan keinginan dan kebutuhan konsumennya di pasar ekspor. Di dalam konteks penelitian ini, pengembangan desain dilakukan setelah melakukan identifikasi pasar ekspor di pasar global dan mengidentifikasi potensi produksi yang dimiliki oleh kalangan industri Jepara. Identifikasi pasar menghasilkan karakteristik desain furniture yang sesuai dengan tuntutan ekspor, adapun identifikasi potensi produksi sebagai pertimbangan di dalam pengembangan desain. Luaran yang dicapai adalah desain furniture ukir kayu, prototype furniture knockdown dan beragam jenis desain ukiran, baik diproses manual maupun masinal. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan pendekatan multidisiplin bidang desain, teknologi, dan manajemen pemasaran. ABSTRACTThe furniture industry in Jepara is undergoing a process of change in anticipating the export market. Furniture designs produced tend to follow the desires and needs of the global market which barely displays wood carvings in their furniture designs. In fact, Jepara wood carving is an advantage of Jepara which has been developed for generations, hundreds of years. It seems that the potential for carving wood is not empowered as a means of export competitiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to develop wooden carved furniture designs that are tailored to the demands and desires of consumers in the export market. In the context of this research, design development is carried out after identifying the export market in the global market and identifying the production potential of the Jepara industry. Market identification produces furniture design characteristics that are in line with export demands, while the identification of production potential as a consideration in design development. The achieved output is wood carved furniture design, prototype knockdown furniture and various types of carving designs, both processed manually and masinal. This qualitative research uses a multidisciplinary approach in the fields of design, technology, and marketing management.
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Jae Ko, Yong, Yu Kyoum Kim, Min Kil Kim, and Jeoung Hak Lee. "The role of involvement and identification on event quality perceptions and satisfaction." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 22, no. 1 (January 12, 2010): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13555851011013137.
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PurposeSince the introduction of martial arts in the global community through a variety of international sport events, the sport of Taekwondo (TKD) has grown rapidly. Although the magnitude of the TKD market has increased, few systematic studies have been conducted to understand TKD participants, particularly consumer variables associated with TKD events. The rapid growth of TKD as a global cultural product warrants a better understanding of event consumers and their decision‐making processes. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to investigate consumers' quality perceptions and satisfaction by focusing on their sport involvement and identification.Design/methodology/approachResearch respondents (n = 215) were spectators of the 2007 US Open TKD Championship, an annual event held by USA Taekwondo Inc.FindingsResults suggest that identification and involvement positively influence event quality perceptions and satisfaction. Specifically, highly identified fans/competitors are highly satisfied and perceive service quality more positively. This study proceeds to a discussion of theoretical implications and future opportunities for event managers.Originality/valueUntil now, there has not been substantial research on these issues. It is anticipated that the results of this study may enhance the understanding of a particular TKD market in the USA and provide guidance for developing effective marketing strategies and maintaining current event successes. Therefore, the scholarly effort aimed at understanding these issues will make both scientific and practical contributions.
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Reddy, Y. V., and Subhash S. Naik. "Determinants of Goan SME Firms Going Global: Theoretical and Empirical Approach." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 36, no. 2 (April 2011): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920110204.
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Choice of entry mode has been widely recognized as one of the critical decisions in a firm's internationalization. However, most of the research primarily focuses upon Western multinational enterprises rather than Indian state small-medium sized enterprises (SMEs). In the past, several major theories have been proposed but none of them is able to explain the choice from the complete set of entry modes. The purpose of this research is to understand the various entry modes, improve the selection decision, and explain the entry mode strategies of Goan SME firms in the international markets. A firm can deploy a variety of arrangements (entry modes) like wholly-owned subsidiaries, joint ventures, contracts, and export modes to implement its product market strategies in foreign countries. Each of these arrangements entails decisions about the location of production facilities and⁄or marketing operations, and the type of ownership of these operations. This study examines the internationalization behaviour of 200 randomly selected Goan SME firms. It examines the factors associated with each theory and seeks to integrate them to gain a better understanding of how SME businesses succeed in the international marketplace. The determinants under examination are also substantiated with the identification of several international SME entry mode models. The nine groups of determinants are: International planning experience, firm size, R&D intensity, competitive advantage, degree of standardization, demand intensity, economic development, regulation, and political risk. The proposed framework is an effort to fill the gap between theory and practice of entry mode choice. The framework is broader in scope than the extant theories because it transcends across industries and nationalities of firms. The primary objectives of the study are: (a) to identify the descriptive determinants that have been strongly associated with SME internationalization entry behaviour; and (b) to determine if the propensity of Goan SME firms will be significantly predicted using specific empirical analysis. Data for the study were obtained through a questionnaire used in numerous previous theories. The study used multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results from the hypothetical foreign market entry situation strongly support the propositions that firm-specific resources and host country factors, viewed as a source of sustainable competitive advantage, encourage involvement in foreign markets. One broad implication for managers is the importance of both analysing the characteristics of the chosen product market and critically examining the firm's capabilities in order to focus on what it does best, build upon it and, where necessary, complement this through collaboration with others.
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Jovović, Radislav, and Dragoljub Janković. "Swot analysis and identification of the needs, potential and development strategies of the fruit and vegetable sector in Montenegro." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 7, no. 2-3 (September 30, 2013): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2013/2-3/2.
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Fruit and vegetable production in Montenegro benefits from naturally favourable conditions in terms of climate, soil and water resources. Such conditions enable high quality fruit, vegetables and vines to be grown, and fruit and vegetable production and viticulture have a long tradition as well as the cultivation of a wide assortment of produce. A significant number of Montenegrin households therefore deal with horticultural and wine production, although on a small-scale. Along with the global market trends, the level of domestic consumption, the expected evolution of the distribution system in Montenegro and the planned dynamic developments in the tourist sector, these natural conditions contribute to creating basic conditions for the development of the considered sector. Market opportunities are favourable and represent an additional contributing factor towards its development. In spite of the favourable climate for production in this sector and the supportive market opportunities, the real value of Montenegrin products at sector level is quite low. We conduct a SWOT analysis of the sector aimed to find out its potential as well as the needs of the sector. Our starting hypothesis is that the potential of this sector in Montenegro is greater than current activity/production, and that suitable strategies can provide higher results in this sector. The main outcome of this paper will be our suggestions for improvement within the sector. The SWOT analysis will be completed according to the PESTEL categorisation, after which Opportunities and Threats will be grouped into three major strategic categories: “New market trends”, “Sector financing” and “Structure and functioning of the value chain”. The SWOT analysis outcomes, when regarded alongside a review of global market trends and domestic production potential, lead to strategies for the improvement of the sector.
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Bell, David, and Sara Robaty Shirzad. "Social Media Business Intelligence." International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 5, no. 3 (July 2013): 51–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijskd.2013070104.
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Social media tools are increasingly used for relationships management among marketplace actors (e.g. organisations, suppliers and individuals). As markets become ever more global and dynamic, new entrants find themselves struggling to fully understand the marketplace, companies operating with it and changes that occur. The authors discuss Social Media Network (SMN) tools and outline a methodology and procedure that supports the identification of domain specific networks within particular global business-to-business environments. Research is carried out using SMN data about firms in the pharmaceutical industry. The authors use their own methodology to uncover market participants, linkages and prominent issues that may help new firms to position themselves effectively within a new marketplace. SMNs provide a sizable source of information and new approaches are required to fully leverage their considerable value. This paper explores how SMNs can be used as an effective source of business intelligence by utilising two popular SMN platforms.
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LAGODIIENKO, Volodymyr, Olexander BOGDANOV, and Vladyslav LAGODIIENKO. "PLACE AND ROLE OF UKRAINE IN THE WORLD WHEAT MARKET." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 4, no. 3 (August 30, 2019): 297–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2019-3-33.
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Introduction. Wheat production is a leading industry in both the agricultural sector and the public sector as a whole. This is due to his crucial role in ensuring the food security of the country. Considering the leading role of wheat grain in the list of Ukrainian export commodities, there is a need to find a compromise between ensuring the country's food security and increasing the presence of these Ukrainian products on the global market. The purpose of the article is assessment of the place and determination of the role of Ukrainian producers in the world wheat grain market, identification of factors that impede the expansion of the presence of relevant domestic products in the global market. Results. The analysis of world production, final stocks and consumption of wheat grain has allowed to determine the increase of production volumes with excess of consumption rates, which led to price stabilization. An analysis of the volume and structure of world wheat grain exports has made it possible to determine that Ukraine is in the top ten. The largest importers of Ukrainian wheat in Europe are Italy and Spain; Indonesia, Bangladesh and Thailand in Asia. Asia in the overall structure in the 2014-2018 average had about 49 %. Africa ranks second after Asia, with a volume of 28 %, with half imported by Egypt. The prospects for the markets of Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia for export of Ukrainian grain have been substantiated, taking into account trends in population growth, complications of natural conditions for cultivation and low transportation costs. The cost forecast of 1 wheat metric ton for the future is made. The grain market segment occupied by Ukraine according to the quality of its products is considered. The price and quality of imported and exported wheat grain in Ukraine are analyzed. The necessity of increasing the volume of mineral fertilizers application to increase the yield to prove the problem of these disproportions has been proved. Conclusions. Quality of products will become a key factor of competitiveness in the world market of wheat production in the near future. North African countries – Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia – are a promising direction for expanding global markets for Ukrainian wheat. The biggest problem for domestic producers of wheat grain is its poor quality in many parameters. To improve the quality, it is necessary to significantly increase the amount of application of minimal fertilizers. Keywords: wheat grain, world market, production, consumption, final stocks, forecast, slowdown, export, price, quality, fertilizers.
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Danchenko, Elena, Victor Alba, Ruslan Berezensky, and Oksana Savina. "IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ANALYSIS OF IT-AUDIT PROJECTS." Bulletin of NTU "KhPI". Series: Strategic management, portfolio, program and project management, no. 1(3) (April 17, 2021): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2413-3000.2021.3.4.
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In a relatively short period of time, the field of information technology from a conventional, sometimes secondary industry, has become one of the main drivers of the world economy, becoming a catalyst for tectonic changes and transformations in many other industries. The Ukrainian IT industry now successfully competes in the global market and is a reliable source of foreign exchange earnings. Today, Ukrainians can create, promote and sell IT products in global markets. They are interested not only in creating a product, but also in its active development. The productive and efficient operation of IT enterprises requires constant monitoring and control of the real state of the IT infrastructure. Assessment of the state of information and / or financial system of the enterprise is urgent and necessary. Therefore, IT audits are being introduced more and more often at such enterprises. It needs skillful and effective management to achieve the best results. Based on the results of the analysis of the works of domestic and foreign scientists and researchers in the field of IT audit project management, it is concluded that this aspect is poorly studied. IT audit projects have specific risks. These risks need to be investigated in detail. Using the method of the causal diagram of Ishikawa, the article identifies the factors influencing the increase in time and cost of IT audit projects. It was found that a significant part of the deviations and uncertainties that lead to an increase in time and cost are directly related to the stockholders of IT audit projects. Stakeholders of IT audit projects have been identified. Stakeholders include: owner, initiator, customer, investor, project managers, project team or auditors, competitors and other stakeholders. The influence of the main groups of stakeholders on reducing the time and cost of IT audit projects using the method of the causal diagram of Ishikawa is analyzed. Through the prism of opportunities and threats of stakeholders of IT audit projects, the risks of these stakeholders for projects are identified.
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Zhang, Yingying, Qiaoyong Zhong, Liang Ma, Di Xie, and Shiliang Pu. "Learning Incremental Triplet Margin for Person Re-Identification." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 9243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33019243.
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Person re-identification (ReID) aims to match people across multiple non-overlapping video cameras deployed at different locations. To address this challenging problem, many metric learning approaches have been proposed, among which triplet loss is one of the state-of-the-arts. In this work, we explore the margin between positive and negative pairs of triplets and prove that large margin is beneficial. In particular, we propose a novel multi-stage training strategy which learns incremental triplet margin and improves triplet loss effectively. Multiple levels of feature maps are exploited to make the learned features more discriminative. Besides, we introduce global hard identity searching method to sample hard identities when generating a training batch. Extensive experiments on Market-1501, CUHK03, and DukeMTMCreID show that our approach yields a performance boost and outperforms most existing state-of-the-art methods.
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Begunca, Arsim. "Using Benefit Sought Variables for Soft Drinks Consumers Segmentation-Case Study City of Pristina." European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2016): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejes.v4i1.p201-207.
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Soft drinks market is a very large and important market where competition is very fierce. In recent years this market in global terms has not greatly increased. Thus for all the actors of this market without understanding (recognition) of the customer/consumer, they may lose a market share from competitors given the fierce competition. The purpose of this study is the identification of market segments within the city of Prishtina regarding soft drinks consumers based on requiredbenefits /benefits sought. The result of this study supports the effectiveness of soft drinks consumer segmentation using the required benefit variables. Statistical Package for Social Science program ( SPSS version 20 ) was used for data analysis. This study used a descriptive analysis, factor analysis and cluster analysis. Based on differentiating factors in selecting soft drinks (refreshments), social-demographic variables and soft drinks consumer behavior throughout theses segments, the managers can modify their marketing strategies to fulfil the needs of these segments and at the same time maximize the profit.
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Liu, Yuting, Hongyu Yang, and Qijun Zhao. "Hierarchical Feature Aggregation from Body Parts for Misalignment Robust Person Re-Identification." Applied Sciences 9, no. 11 (May 31, 2019): 2255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9112255.
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In this work, we focus on the misalignment problem in person re-identification. Human body parts commonly contain discriminative local representations relevant with identity recognition. However, the representations are easily affected by misalignment that is due to varying poses or poorly detected bounding boxes. We thus present a two-branch Deep Joint Learning (DJL) network, where the local branch generates misalignment robust representations by pooling the features around the body parts, while the global branch generates representations from a holistic view. A Hierarchical Feature Aggregation mechanism is proposed to aggregate different levels of visual patterns within body part regions. Instead of aggregating each pooled body part features from multi-layers with equal weight, we assign each with the learned optimal weight. This strategy also mitigates the scale differences among multi-layers. By optimizing the global and local features jointly, the DJL network further enhances the discriminative capability of the learned hybrid feature. Experimental results on Market-1501 and CUHK03 datasets show that our method could effectively handle the misalignment induced intra-class variations and yield competitive accuracy particularly on poorly aligned pedestrian images.
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Marchuk, Tetyana, Dmytro Ryzhakov, Galyna Ryzhakova, and Sergiy Stetsenko. "Identification of the basic elements of the innovation-analytical platform for energy efficiency in project financing." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 14, no. 4 (December 5, 2017): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.14(4).2017.02.
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This analytical study focuses on the financing of energy efficiency projects in Ukraine. In this article, the authors analyze the state and dynamics of the modern market of energy resources both on a global scale and within Ukraine, and it was discovered that the potential of the energy efficiency market is extremely large and interesting for different groups of bank investors. In the course of the study, it was revealed that private households and industrial enterprises are the largest energy consumers in Ukraine, which confirms the necessity of implementing a public program for financing energy efficiency projects. The study of Ukraine’s legislative framework has made it possible to clearly define the concept of energy efficiency and to highlight which projects can be considered energy-efficient. It is noted that the state actively develops and implements a policy to increase energy consumption savings both among private individuals and among producing enterprises, which is implemented at the state level by a specially created Energy Efficiency Fund. As a specific tool for analyzing energy efficiency projects, the authors suggest using benchmarking technology, which provides the opportunity to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of a specific energy saving project, as compared to the top project in the industry. As a result, in the course of the conducted analytical studies, the authors proposed a specific tool for the analysis of energy efficiency financing projects in Ukraine, which includes five priority areas for which it is necessary to build a methodology for assessing the borrower’s creditworthiness, which seeks to implement a project in the field of energy saving.
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Barska, Anetta. "Innowacje na rynku produktów żywnościowych z perspektywy polskich i czeskich konsumentów generacji Y." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 17(32), no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2017.17.1.1.
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Modern food market is a market with a high level of innovativeness, what is a consequence of more and more differentiated expectations of consumers, not only about the hunger, but also various hedonistic desires, keeping slender figure, increasing vital forces, saving time, or protection of environment (Gutkowska, 2011). Food industry is becoming more and more global. Development of international corporations, movement of capital and workforce on the international scale, development of IT cause diffusion of consuming behavior patterns and there is growing tendency of identification with transnational values. However, phenomenon of homogenization of needs is less observable within the food products because consumers often manifest ethnocentric attitudes toward these products. Food consumption has the strongest relationship with the culture of the country and therefore, in comparison with industrial consumption is less susceptible to the process of globalization. Consumer is an invaluable source of information, indispensable for the producers during preparation of marketing strategies connected with designing and introduction of new products to the market. Knowledge of attitude and behaviors of the consumers towards innovations can significantly contribute to the growth of subject innovativeness. Currently, there is no single common position on how baying decisions of the Generation Y consumer are determined by global trends, and to what extent they are the result of cultural conditioning. Therefore, undertaking this issue has its cognitive justification due to insufficient diagnosis. The goal of this article is identification perception of Gen Y consumers towards innovations on the food market. The author used an analysis of the subject literature and results of her own surveys conducted among 606 consumers Generation Y, from the border areas of Poland and Czech Republic. Results of research have proven that young consumers are open to novelties. The innovations on the food market is a subjective category. Some of the ways of perception of innovations on the food market varied depending on sex and nationality of the respondents.
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Fu, Yang, Yunchao Wei, Yuqian Zhou, Honghui Shi, Gao Huang, Xinchao Wang, Zhiqiang Yao, and Thomas Huang. "Horizontal Pyramid Matching for Person Re-Identification." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 8295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33018295.
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Despite the remarkable progress in person re-identification (Re-ID), such approaches still suffer from the failure cases where the discriminative body parts are missing. To mitigate this type of failure, we propose a simple yet effective Horizontal Pyramid Matching (HPM) approach to fully exploit various partial information of a given person, so that correct person candidates can be identified even if some key parts are missing. With HPM, we make the following contributions to produce more robust feature representations for the Re-ID task: 1) we learn to classify using partial feature representations at different horizontal pyramid scales, which successfully enhance the discriminative capabilities of various person parts; 2) we exploit average and max pooling strategies to account for person-specific discriminative information in a global-local manner. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed HPM method, extensive experiments are conducted on three popular datasets including Market-1501, DukeMTMCReID and CUHK03. Respectively, we achieve mAP scores of 83.1%, 74.5% and 59.7% on these challenging benchmarks, which are the new state-of-the-arts.
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Mittal, Shalini, Kiranmala Laishram, Saurabh Inamdar, N. R. Das, and A. K. Razdan. "Narcotic Drug Detection and Identification through Synchronous Fluorescence Technique." Defence Science Journal 70, no. 5 (October 8, 2020): 534–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.70.16338.
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Illegal production of potentially hazardous narcotics as well as various psychotropic drugs is being carried out in the neighbouring countries and international market which is causing narco-terrorism a global havoc. Compared with traditional/natural drugs the synthetic drugs are more smuggled nowadays. Because of the vulnerability of the borders to drug trafficking, India has increased surveillance at borders and coasts and thus has tackled the problem to some extent. Authors developing a Narcotic drug sensor (point sensor) for detection and identification of Narcotic drugs based on Laser Induced Fluorescence more specifically Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy in an effort. Some narcotic samples viz. Caffeine, Quinine and Tramadol were considered for the study. The fluorescence spectrum was studied using our own laboratory-based sensor incorporating charge coupled device-based Spectrometer and Laser source (266 nm wavelength) and commercial system from ‘Horiba Scientific’ incorporating Photomultiplier tube and Xe lamp source.
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Kucharska, Barbara, and Mirosława Malinowska. "TRENDS IN Y GENERATION’S BEHAVIOUR ON THE FOOD MARKET." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing, no. 22(71) (December 16, 2019): 106–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/pefim.2019.22.71.29.
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The aim of the article is to identify Y generation’s behaviour on the food market in the context of dominant consumer trends. The purpose of the article was accomplished by literature studies, information from branch magazines and direct research carried out by the authors of the article. Identification of consumer trends was made on the basis of secondary sources of information, using also the report Top 10 Global Consumer Trends 2019 by Euromonitor International. The report also became an inspiration to undertake direct research, which was carried out using the auditorium survey technique among representatives of the Y generation. The results of research and analysis indicate that the Y generation referred to as "yummy" is an extremely important entity on the food market - large, young, innovative , active, fast, demanding, unique and very important for the supply entities on the food market. The behaviour of this group of consumers determines contemporary trends on the market and the necessity to undertake activities consistent with these trends in terms of the offer, its availability, as well as diversity and price.
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Wyman, Andrea, and Mushvig Imamverdiyev. "Global trends and transformations in library science education." Information and Learning Science 119, no. 3/4 (March 12, 2018): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ils-11-2017-0110.
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Purpose This paper aims to review changes related to library and information science (LIS) education over the past 20 years. Design/methodology/approach The literature reviewed for this paper is obtained by internet and database searches and personal communication and is conducted to look for similarities and differences in LIS program changes. A time period for the review is set from 1997 to 2017, and is completed between January and October of 2017. The majority of the searches are conducted in English. Findings Numerous similarities in changes were evidenced in areas of LIS education, such as curriculum, identification of new training and skills, instructional methods, follow-up on graduates, research on the current job market and post-graduate training support. Differences were identified in areas of capability of program change due to country regulation and course change flexibility. Originality/value A review of global program changes is relevant for LIS programs to realize and maintain their value in today’s workforce. It is significant for LIS programs all over the globe to realize that their shifts in curricular and program changes are similar to other LIS programs or where differences can be equally important.
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Viviers, Wilma, Martie Lubbe, Ermie Steenkamp, and Douglas Olivier. "The Identification Of Realistic Export Opportunities For The South African Pharmaceutical Industry." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 13, no. 2 (February 27, 2014): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v13i2.8438.
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South Africa needs to advance its industrialisation process and diversify its exports if it is to enhance its global competitiveness ranking and meaningfully tackle the double scourge of unemployment and poverty. The pharmaceutical industry makes a significant contribution to the countrys economy, and has a growing international footprint. However, export activity is largely centred on Southern and Eastern Africa, while markets in other parts of the world remain largely untapped. A longstanding concern of the government has been that export market selection has not been conducted in a scientific manner. Added to this is the problem of limited resources on the part of export promotion organisations. A Decision Support Model (DSM), originally conceived by Cuyvers et al. (1995) and then developed for the South African environment by Viviers, Steenkamp, Rossouw, and Cuyvers (2009, 2010), was used in this study to identify those export opportunities with the greatest potential for the South African pharmaceutical industry. Through a systematic filtering and elimination process, the DSM revealed that there are a large number of export opportunities for South African pharmaceutical products, particularly in Western Europe, North America, and Africa. Such information constitutes an important basis for strategic decision making on the part of industry and government stakeholders.
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Stanojevic, Petar, and Gordana Misev. "New trends in the international political dynamics of natural gas trade." Medjunarodni problemi 70, no. 3 (2018): 305–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1803305s.
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The paper analyses the global natural gas market in the context of the identification of influential international factors or phenomena that will determine trends in the next foreseeable period. Natural gas is an energy source that, in addition to renewable energy sources, shows a high and continuous growth trend. Almost all countries possess certain means to produce electricity (including renewable energy sources) or obtain it from the immediate environment, while gas and oil are energy products that all countries use but do not have. Trends related to these two energy sources and the factors that influence the creation of their market are numerous and complex. The authors present some important aspects and approaches to energy security issues related to global energy challenges, as well as the risks and threats that the world is exposed to today and in the future. The authors conclude that natural gas as the energy of the future is recording increasing consumption, which requires a profound analysis of trends in this area.
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Costa, Cinthia Cabral da, Heloisa Lee Burnquist, and Joaquim José Martins Guilhoto. "Special safeguard tariff impacts on the Brazilian sugar exports." Journal of International Trade Law and Policy 14, no. 2 (June 15, 2015): 70–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jitlp-05-2015-0010.
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Purpose – This paper aims to present a critical analysis of special safeguards (SSGs) and a simulation of their effects on Brazilian sugar exports to countries such as the US and the European Union (EU) bloc. Design/methodology/approach – The first stage involved the identification of tariff lines for the EU and the US sugar imports from Brazil between 1995 and 2013. Next, notifications of World Trade Organization about SSGs were examined to identify the years when the measure was applied on the sugar trade by these countries. For the years when SSGs were applied, the values of these additional tariffs were calculated. This information was used, along with price elasticities, to obtain the effects of an increase in Brazilian sugar exports in the absence of SSG and also the overall impact on the Brazilian economy, using its input-output matrix. Findings – Results indicated that the estimated value of the direct, indirect and income effects of SSG tariffs on Brazilian sugar exports to the EU and the US markets through the period 1995 to 2013 could amount to BRL 22 billion in terms of the exporting country GDP. This suggests that this policy can be highly perverse, as it translates into lower domestic production for both, the exporting and the importing countries. This issue is relevant for discussions on the global sugar market, given the facts that it is one of the markets which have been most distorted by protectionism. Originality/value – This issue is relevant for discussions on the global sugar market, given the facts that it is one of the markets which have been most distorted by protectionism.