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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Global Firms'

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Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Aziz, Abdul Rashid Abdul. "Global strategies of construction firms." Thesis, Online version, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.294100.

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Yoden, Michihiko. "Global expansion strategies for software firms." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90225.

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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2014. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references (pages [89]-[91]). The business competition in the software industry is increasingly becoming a global competition. In this era with a fast-paced innovative environment, strategy plays an important role for managers in software companies in defining its own globalization approach. This thesis discusses the competitive dynamics of a wide variety of product segments in the software industry - IT services, packaged software, Internet services and e-commerce - to illustrate the different nature of the business in the software industry, especially with the focus on globalization. The work first discusses the current global competition in the software industry. The analyses cover the competitive landscape in certain product segments as well as in certain regions. Second, a Global Winner-Takes-All-or-Most framework is introduced to simplify the thought process in determining which business a firm is competing in, what are the implications of global competition and what a firm should think through when it considers international expansion to another country or region. Third, a DAC framework (local demand, accessibility and complementarity) is also introduced to simplify the thought process in determining which countries or regions a firm should focus its resources on, along with the implications of competition and what a firm should think through. Next, three aspects of execution implications - new market expansion, organizational design and leadership - are discussed. These frameworks and findings are backed up with sketches of global software firms to highlight the best practices in the software industry in terms of globalization, with an emphasis on software firms. Finally, a summary of the findings from this research and recommendations are provided for software firms headed for globalization. by Michihiko Yoden. M.B.A.

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Wessely, Birgit. "Management von Born Global Firms : Initialkräfte, Erfolgsfaktoren, Managementinstrumente /." Mering ; München : Hampp, 2010. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3380663&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.

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Saito, Yukie. "The interplay between global finance and Japanese firms." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b9beb789-9066-49bd-a524-1ae8b4477349.

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This thesis explores the interplay between global finance and remote firms and institutions. It highlights the interactions between global institutional investors and Japanese firms on environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) standards, and the process of change in Japanese corporate governance practices. It focuses on analysing the responses of large Japanese firms with a high level of foreign ownership to global finance and global institutional investors' strategies for engagement. Japan provides an excellent research environment for the topic. It is geographically and culturally remote from the West, and has the world's third largest economy with increasing foreign ownership on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. Under the influence of global finance, the Japanese economy has been in transition despite the persistence of its traditional institutions. There are many globally recognised Japanese firms, although certain firms have come under scrutiny in several recent corporate governance scandals. Recently, corporate reform has become one of the priority policy agendas, which has led to incremental convergence to global standards. The aims of this thesis are as follows: (i) to analyse the evolution of shareholder activism and corporate governance practices in ownership structure change (Chapter 3); (ii) to examine how global institutional investors privately engage with remote firms (Chapter 4); (iii) to explore the power of global investors in an industry with lower foreign ownership (Chapter 5); (iv) to analyse the perceptions of local firms towards global ESG standards under policy change (Chapter 6). The thesis revealed the following findings. First, global investors provide one of the only opportunities for ESG-related dialogues for local firms, in a country where local institutional investors are not active shareholders. Global finance has the power to transform local corporate governance practices by breaking down path dependence and institutional complementarities, although the status quo does persist. Second, local firms' norms and perceptions based on the existing institutions are culturally derived informal constraints, which slow down the change of corporate governance practices even after instrumental change. Third, the target firms of engagement activities are home-biased and limited to a small number of large global brand firms; hence, non-target firms and industries maintain their ESG standards unless policy reform occurs. Finally, local firms' unfamiliarity with engagement activities limits the power of global finance in a remote market. There is a gap between global institutional investors' motivation for engagement and Japanese firms' readiness to respond; hence, considered strategies and modes of communication are critical for effective engagement with remote firms, especially when language and organisational issues are present.

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Wessely, Birgit. "Management von Born Global Firms Initialkräfte - Erfolgsfaktoren - Managementinstrumente." München Mering Hampp, 2008. http://d-nb.info/998449350/04.

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Rose, Teresa Nadene. "Coordination and integration processes in global business advisory firms, the role of global clients." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ29101.pdf.

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Strömberg, Michaela, and Judith Bindala. "Born gobal firms in Northern Sweden A perspective of founder/top manager's characteristics and entrepreneurial orientation : A perspective of founder/top manager's characteristics and entrepreneurial orientation." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-57122.

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In previous research, it is stated that founders/top managers have an impact on the born global firms, meaning firms that become international directly from start or short time after establishment. The purpose of our thesis is to understand how the characteristics of founders/top managers and entrepreneurial orientation have an impact on the born global firm’s innovation and outcome. Based on foundations in earlier studies we identified a research gap that this thesis aims to fill. This thesis will contribute to the importance of a better understanding of how entrepreneurial orientation affects a born global firm’s innovation and outcome. Therefore, we outline the following research question; “How have the characteristics of the founder/top manager and entrepreneurial orientation an impact on the born global firm’s innovation and outcome?” In order to answer this question we review previous literature and construct a conceptual framework suitable for our study. When it comes to methodology, we apply an abductive approach, meaning that we start with a deductive approach and create a conceptual framework. Then along the way we move more towards an inductive approach since we want to develop existing theories and address theory implications for further studies. We use a qualitative research design and in-depth multiple case studies in order to get a deeper understanding of our research topic. Our empirical findings consist of three interviews with founders/top managers from three different born global firms in Umeå and Skellefteå. From these interviews, we conclude that all the three founders/top managers have an impact on the born global firm’s innovation and outcome. Consequently, we managed to perceive a link between the age of the firm and the level of entrepreneurial orientation. The implication was that the characteristics of the founder/top manager had a bigger impact on the youngest firm. The two other firms had more of a firm level behavior in terms of entrepreneurial orientation as they have been in operations for many years and have been established by two founders, unlike the younger firm. We could also find that number of founders, relations, brand image/position, and networking should be taken into consideration when it comes to characteristics of the founder/top manager and entrepreneurial orientation. The research gap we discovered within entrepreneurial orientation is complex and cannot be fully met by this thesis. As such, we recommend further research into this area. We suggest including employees from different departments within the born global firms when investigating the level of entrepreneurial orientation and how it affects innovation and outcome. Centre for Inter-organizational Innovation Research

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Barendse, James. "Competitive strategies for firms in the global digital economy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51659.

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Thesis (Mcomm)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Technology has become one of the most important factors in the business world today. Information technology is playing an ever-increasing role in all areas of business. Logistics is no exception, and is one of the areas most affected by technological change. Many firms need to adapt technologically, or they might face extinction. This study aims to make firms aware of the power of information technology and the benefits it holds for those who use it. It tries to inform firms about the various uses and applications that exist and how they can improve business processes. It sets guidelines for the implementation of information technology and allows the firm to make an informed choice. It also discusses the growing role that the Internet is playing in logistics and the business world as a whole. Tips for the implementation of an electronic commerce system are also given, and the effects of electronic commerce on logistics are discussed. The firms can use the information to plan their strategies more effectively and hopefully find success in the global digital economy. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tegnologie is een van die belangrikste faktore in vandag se sakewêreld. Informasietegnologie speel 'n al groter rol in alle sakegebiede. Logistiek is daarby ingesluit, en is een van die areas wat die meeste deur tegnologiese verandering geaffekteer word. Sakeondernemings moet toenemend aanpas by die nuwe tegnologie om te kan voortbestaan. Die fokus van hierdie werkstuk is om firmas bewus te maak van die voordele wat informasietegnologie inhou en hoe ondernemeings daarby kan baat. Daar word gepoog om firmas bewus te maak van die wye verskeidenheid tegnologiese produkte wat bestaan, en hoe hulle aangewend kan word om besigheidsprosesse te verbeter. Daar word riglyne vasgestel wat firmas die geleentheid bied om tegnologie doeltreffend in te span en om 'n ingeligte keuse te kan maak. Die rol wat die Internet in logistiek en die sakewêreld speel word ook bespreek, asook die effek wat elektroniese handelop logistiek het. Riglyne word ook verskaf oor die implementering van 'n stelsel wat elektroniese handel moontlik sal maak. Die inligting wat verskaf word kan firmas help om hulle strategieë doeltreffend te beplan en om sodoende sukses te behaal in die globale digitale ekonomie.

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ALBANO, MARIA. "The Adoption of Open Innovation Practices in Global Firms." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/131541.

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In global markets firms respond to increased technological complexity, rising R&D costs, shortened product life cycles and improved market institutions by opening up their boundaries and leveraging inflows and outflows of knowledge and technology. Given these developments, the fundamental assumption of this dissertation is that firms increasingly transform from a closed to an open innovation model. While prior work has developed a first understanding of antecedents and outcomes of Open Innovation (OI), it has, so far, been less clear how firms create and capture value from OI. In that sense this work investigates how global firms adopt open innovation strategies to benefit from external knowledge sources and to improve their competitiveness. OI is implemented in global firms through the opening up of their business model and the adoption of a network structure. Previous studies show that building relationships with different types of partners has a positive impact on innovation performance. This supports my research, finding in networked business model a source of competitive advantage in innovation. Furthermore I find that, external technological sources are not enough to innovation success, increasing attention must be paid to a firm’s capability to integrate external knowledge and manage relationships with partners who possess critical resources, and to environmental contingencies (organizational culture, technological turbulence, dynamics of competition). In connection with a greater engagement in boundary spanning innovation activities, openness and inter-organizational interactions pose new managerial challenges. Despite its growing importance, many firms experience several challenges to actively manage the processes of OI and to benefit from it. Research on large firms highlights that OI requires internal organizational complements that facilitate the absorption of external knowledge and to capture value from it. Thus the shift towards OI requires firms to implement new managerial practices and structures, in terms of ‘how to do Open Innovation’. First case studies on firms that evolve from a closed towards an open innovator indicate that these firms implement new managerial capabilities for Open Innovation at different managerial levels. Finally, to establish these new capabilities firms need to go through an organizational change process. However, the transformation process from closed to Open Innovation is still little understood. In that sense the Panasonic case provides new insights into the managerial dimensions of OI, analyzing the struggling transformation process from a closed technological innovation model to an open one. The Panasonic case suggests that the adoption of OI is a systemic shift that requires re-thinking many aspects of one’s business to utilize it effectively. R&D alone cannot fully implement OI. Other parts of the organization, in marketing, in business development, and in supporting functions must get on board for it to work effectively. Furthermore, evidence from Panasonic confirms that internal and external environmental conditions (organizational culture, technological turbulence, high competitive dynamics) have an important impact on the potential value of acquiring and integrating external knowledge.

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Torres, Ortega Rosalina. "From market orientation to orientation towards international marjets (OIM) of born global firms: evaluating the impact of OIM on born global firms' performance." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/371464.

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No obstante la amplia cantidad de investigaciones dedicadas a la “orientación del mercado”, en las organizaciones empresariales, las referencias de este concepto han sido muy limitadas—específicamente en el contexto de las empresas de rápida internacionalización, como las denominadas Born Globals (BG)— a partir de términos operacionales y de conceptualización. Dicho lo anterior, la presente tesis tiene como objetivo investigar el concepto de orientación al mercado para el tipo específico de las empresas BG. La tesis se enmarca en tres estudios realizados. En primer lugar, realizamos un estudio exploratorio a través de entrevistas de profundidad con cinco empresas españolas provenientes de múltiples sectores y que, además, tenían actividades internacionales. Los datos fueron analizados con la técnica de Casos Cruzados. Los resultados sugieren que la orientación al mercado debería ser desarrollada dentro del concepto propuesto: orientación hacia los mercados internacionales (OMI) en las empresas BG. Este estudio también proporciona los componentes para la medición de la citada orientación, en este tipo de empresas. En segundo lugar, al utilizar las muestras de empresas BG, de países nórdicos y de España, hemos evaluado la dimensionalidad de OMI, con la cantidad óptima de ítems para la escala, (con la excepción del constructo de redes); también analizamos la invariabilidad de los constructos a través de la muestra de múltiples países. Los resultados mostraron el soporte para la conceptualización de OMI como un constructo multidimensional compuesto por la orientación a clientes, la orientación a la competencia, la coordinación interfuncional y, por último, la capacidad de innovación y tecnológica. La invariabilidad de la medida fue evaluada con el análisis factorial confirmatorio multigrupo. Los factores mencionados anteriormente tienen una dimensionalidad y estructura factorial similar entre los países. Finalmente, en el tercer estudio, examinamos cómo el concepto extendido de la orientación al mercado para las empresas BG —que hemos llamado OMI— afecta el rendimiento de la empresa, medido a partir del rendimiento al cliente y el rendimiento financiero, en el contexto de las empresas BG, asimismo si este efecto varía entre los países. Los resultados muestran cómo los componentes de OMI tienen un efecto positivo y significativo en el rendimiento de las empresas BG en ambos contextos (empresas nórdicas y españolas) a través del rendimiento al cliente y financiero. Con base en los resultados de la investigación, la principal contribución teórica de la tesis es la propuesta de cómo la orientación al mercado debe de ser conceptualizada para las empresas BG. Nuestros hallazgos proveen evidencia de la necesidad de incorporar componentes relacionados al ambiente internacional para este tipo de empresas con el concepto propuesto de OMI. Desde una perspectiva para negocios, esta tesis proporciona una herramienta válida y fiable para medir la orientación hacia los mercados internacionales para estas empresas. Por lo tanto, los gerentes de empresas BG podrían adoptar esta escala para una mejor comprensión de la realidad en los mercados internacionales y para desarrollar una estrategia efectiva que permita atraer y retener a los clientes en los diferentes mercados en el extranjero. Although there is a considerable amount of research on market orientation, research on this concept in the context of born global firms is still lacking a precise definition and full operationalization. This research aims to investigate how the market orientation (MO) concept could be understood for a specific type of firm: the born global firm. The thesis is framed around three studies. First, an exploratory study that was developed by performing qualitative interviews in a sample of five Spanish firms from different sectors which had international activity. The data were analyzed using cross-case analysis. The results suggests that the market orientation concept should be developed into the concept of orientation towards international markets (OIM) for born global firms. It also provides the components for measuring this orientation in this type of firm. Second, using samples of born global firms from the Nordic countries and Spain, we assess the dimensionality of OIM by considering the optimal number of scale items, with the exception of the network construct, and assess the measurement invariance of the construct across the samples. The results support the conceptualization of OIM as a multidimensional construct, using customer orientation, competitor orientation, interfunctional coordination, and innovativeness and technological capability. Measurement invariance was assessed using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. The factors outlined above have a similar dimensionality and factor structure across countries. Finally the third study, examines how the extended concept of market orientation for born global firms that we have called OIM affects business performance, as measured by customer performance and financial performance, in the context of born global firms, and whether this effect varies between countries. The results show that the OIM components have a positive and significant effect on business performance in born global firms in both contexts (Nordic and Spanish companies) through customer and financial performance. Based on these research findings, the thesis’s main theoretical contribution is the suggestion of how MO should be conceptualized for BG firms. Our findings provide evidence that it is necessary to incorporate components that relate to the international scope of this type of firm, with the concept of OIM. From a business practice perspective, this dissertation suggested that the scale we have developed can provide a reliable and valid analytical tool for assessing the orientation towards international markets of these firms. Thus born global managers may adopt the scale for a better understanding of the reality of foreign markets and to develop effective strategies to attract and retain customers in different markets overseas.

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Osegowitsch, Thomas. "The relationship between global integration and performance in multinational professional engineering companies." University of Western Australia. Graduate School of Management, 2004. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0059.

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This study investigates the link between global integration -- defined as the intra-firm cross-border transfer of operational resources -- and performance in multinational professional engineering companies. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques, we find some support for a positive association. We review two bodies of scholarship germane to our topic: the global integration - performance literature and the multinationality - performance literature. The inclusion of the latter is justified since the espoused performance benefits of multinationality are predominantly realised through global integration. Based upon an evaluation of these two bodies of scholarship and qualitative insights, we propose a positive relationship between global integration and performance as well as a mediating relationship, with global integration acting as a mediator between multinationality and performance. Hypothesis testing is performed in Partial Least Squares, a structural equation modelling technique ideally suited for small samples. Results reveal a significant positive association between global integration and MNC profitability. A separate research model testing the relationship between global integration and the alternative dependent, MNC growth, is rejected. Further analysis of the profitability-based research model provides support for the mediational hypothesis: the relationship between multinationality and profitability is fully mediated, suggesting no gains from multinationality per se. Supplementary tests reveal that the profitability effects of global integration are enhanced when it is strongly motivated by the desire to take advantage of specialised skills within the MNC; no such claim of moderation can be made when global integration is strongly motivated by a desire to improve staff utilisation on a global basis. The relationship between global integration and profitability is also unaffected by the origins (headquarters vs. subsidiaries) of the intra-firm operational resource transfers that constitute global integration.

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Netland, Torbjørn H. "Company-specific production systems: Managing production improvement in global firms." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-23711.

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How can a firm improve the production of all its plants simultaneously? Many multinational firms have suggested they can do so by developing strategic production improvement programmes and implementing them in their dispersed network of plants. Instead of leaving every subsidiary to solve their own improvement issues, they offer a company-specific production system: an XPS. The ‘X’ stands for the company’s name, and ‘PS’ stands for production system or an equivalent. A few good examples include the Bosch Production System, Caterpillar Production System, Jotun Operations System, Nissan Production Way and—the main case of my research—the Volvo Production System (VPS). When developing an XPS, a firm adapts principles from available production improvement templates, such as total quality management (Deming, 1982), just-in-time production (Ohno, 1988), theory of constraints (Goldratt and Cox, 1984), world class manufacturing (Schonberger, 1986), mass customisation (Pine, 1993), six sigma (Pande et al., 2000) and, most notably, lean production (Womack et al., 1990). The famous Toyota Production System has been a particular inspiration for other firms (Hofman, 2000; Feggeler and Neuhaus, 2002). However, considering the large amount of investments that are required to establish and manage these systems, it is puzzling that apparently little is known about how to implement them with success. Chakravorty (2010) reported that 60% of all six sigma programmes were unsuccessful, and Pay (2008) suggested the same for 74% of lean production projects. In general, two-thirds of all corporate change programmes tend to fail (Kotter, 1995; Beer and Nohria, 2001; Aiken and Keller, 2009). In particular, a main challenge is to sustain the improvements over time (Bateman, 2005; Schonberger, 2007). Can a corporate multi-plant improvement programme in the form of an XPS deliver the promised results? This dissertation provides answers to this question. The research method has primarily been qualitative case studies, which hold many advantages when studying emergent and less codified phenomena (Voss et al., 2002), such as the XPS. With the exception of a literature synthesis (Paper 2), the research is empirical and based on close interactions with practitioners, for the most part in the Volvo Group (Papers 3-5). For example, to collect data for the fifth paper included in this thesis, I visited 40 Volvo plants on five continents,interviewed 200 managers at Volvo, administered a questionnaire survey that received 312 responses and had full access to Volvo’s own audit data for VPS implementation in the plants. This dissertation consists of two parts: The first is a summary and discussion of the five papers included in this thesis. The second part is a collection of the papers, each answering a general research question: What is the phenomenon of ‘XPS’? (Paper 1) What does the literature say about XPSs? (Paper 2) Strategically, do XPSs make sense? (Paper 3) Empirically, does an XPS improve performance? (Paper 4) In what pattern does an XPS affect performance? (Paper 5) Paper 1 analyses the XPSs of 30 renowned multinational companies and found that the XPS is a strategic production improvement programme tailored to the specific needs of a company. In the literature synthesis in Paper 2, only 30 papers that explicitly studied improvement programmes in an international, multi-plant setting were discovered. Whereas the literature on production improvement and international management are both mature, their union is much less studied. The results in Paper 3 suggest that any firm can attain a competitive advantage if it implements an XPS with a good strategic fit and does so faster than its competitors do. Paper 4 presents evidence that an XPS can significantly improve operational performance. Finally, Paper 5 concludes that the implementation of an XPS seems to affect the performance of a plant in an S-curve pattern: performance first improves slowly, then rapidly, then less rapidly and finally slowly again. These findings have important implications for practice. A general recommendation is that an XPS can be an effective way to improve the production in multiple plants. I balance this advice with a thorough discussion of problematic issues: both methodological and practical. This thesis strives to be helpful to those who either manage or study production improvement, today and in the future. Hvordan kan en bedrift forbedre produksjonen i alle sine fabrikker samtidig? Mange multinasjonale selskaper mener at det kan gjøres gjennom et strategisk produksjonsforbedringsprogram som implementeres i deres globale produksjonsnettverk. Istedenfor å la hver fabrikk selv finne ut av hvordan man best forbedrer produksjonen, tilbyr morsselskapet et bedriftsspesifikt produksjonssystem: et XPS. “X”-en står for bedriftens navn, mens “PS” er en forkortelse for “produksjonssystem”, eller tilsvarende. Noen få gode eksempler inkluderer Bosch Production System, Caterpillar Production System, Jotun Operations System, Nissan Production Way og—hovedcaset i min egen forskning—Volvo Production System (VPS). Når man utvikler et XPS tilpasser bedriften prinsipper fra alle tilgjengelige oppskrifter for produksjonsforbedring, slik som for eksempel “total kvalitetsledelse” (Deming, 1982), “justin- time produksjon” (Ohno, 1988), “flaskehalsstyring” (Goldratt and Cox, 1984), “world class manufacturing” (Schonberger, 1986), “masseprodusert skreddersøm” (Pine, 1993), “six sigma” (Pande et al., 2000) og, trolig mest kjent, “lean produksjon” (Womack et al., 1990). Det berømte produksjonssystemet til Toyota har utvilsomt vært en spesiell inspirasjonskilde for andre bedrifter (Hofman, 2000; Feggeler and Neuhaus, 2002). Men, med tanke på de betydelige investeringene som gjøres i disse systemene, er det overraskende at vi tilsynelatende vet lite om hvordan vi skal lykkes med å implementere dem. Chakravorty (2010) rapporterte at 60 % av alle six sigma programmer feiler. Pay (2008) fant det samme for 74 % av alle lean prosjekter. Generelt mislykkes to tredjedeler av alle endringsprogrammer i bedrifter (Kotter, 1995; Beer and Nohria, 2001; Aiken and Keller, 2009). En hovedutfordring er å opprettholde forbedringsarbeidet over tid (Bateman, 2005; Schonberger, 2007). Kan et globalt produksjonsforbedringsprogram i form av et XPS levere bedre og vedvarende resultater? Denne avhandlingen søker svar på dette spørsmålet gjennom fem artikler og en diskusjon av dem. Forskningsmetoden er først og fremst kvalitative casestudier, som har mange fordeler når man studerer et fremvoksende og ubeskrevet fenomen (Voss et al., 2002)—slik som XPS. Med unntak av litteratur-sammenskrivningen (Artikkel 2) er all min forskning empirisk og basert på tett interaksjon med industribedrifter, for det meste i Volvo Gruppen (Artikkel 3-5). For eksempel, for å samle data til den femte artikkelen besøkte jeg 40 fabrikker på fem kontinenter, intervjuet mer enn 200 ansatte, samlet 312 svar til en spørreundersøkelse og fikk full tilgang til Volvos egne revisjonsdata på implementering av VPS i fabrikkene. Denne avhandlingen består av to deler: Den første delen er en sammenfatning og diskusjon av forskningsdesignet og funnene i de fem artiklene. Den andre delen er en samling av artiklene, hvor hver av dem svarer på et generelt forskningsspørsmål: 1. Hva er fenomenet “XPS”? (Artikkel 1) 2. Hva sier litteraturen om XPS? (Artikkel 2) 3. Strategisk sett, er det fornuftig å utvikle og innføre et XPS? (Artikkel 3) 4. Forbedrer et XPS ytelsen til en fabrikk? (Artikkel 4) 5. I hvilket mønster forbedrer et XPS ytelsen til en fabrikk? (Artikkel 5) Den første artikkelen analyserer innholdet i 30 XPSer tilhørende kjente multinasjonale selskaper og konkluderer at et XPS er et strategisk produksjonsforbedringsprogram som er skreddersydd til den spesifikke bedriften. Artikkel 2 avdekker bare 30 artikler som eksplisitt studerer implementeringen av produksjonsforbedringsprogrammer i internasjonale fabrikknettverk. Mens litteraturen på “produksjonsforbedring” og “internasjonal ledelse” er modne på hver sin side, er foreningen av dem mye mindre studert. Artikkel 3 foreslår at enhver bedrift kan skaffe seg en konkurransefordel dersom den implementerer et XPS som har en god strategisk tilpasning til bedriften, og gjør det raskere enn sine konkurrenter. Artikkel 4 presenterer statistisk signifikante funn som viser at et XPS kan forbedre produktiviteten i en fabrikk. Avslutningsvis, konkluderer Artikkel 5 at implementeringen av et XPS påvirker en fabrikks produktivitet i et S-kurve-mønster: ytelsen forbedres først langsomt, så raskt og økende, så raskt men avtagende og til slutt langsomt igjen. Disse funnene har viktige implikasjoner for praksis. Et generelt råd er at et XPS kan være en effektiv måte å forbedre produksjonen på i mange fabrikker samtidig. Men jeg avveier dette konkrete rådet med en grundig diskusjon av både forskningsmetodiske og praktiske utfordringer. Forhåpentligvis vil denne avhandlingen være til hjelp for dem som enten leder eller forsker på produksjonsforbedring, i dag og i fremtiden.

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Zara, Elena <1995&gt. "Firms in Global Production Networks: Participation, Opportunities and Trade Barriers." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15774.

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The fragmentation of production and the international outsourcing of tasks have led to the emergence of complex and borderless production systems named global value chains (GVCs). Recent theoretical works have shown that countries can profit from participation in GVCs through multiple channels. Given the relevance of this phenomenon, GVCs are becoming increasingly influential in shaping trade and FDI patterns as well as upgrading opportunities. In such integrated framework, the effects of tariff and non-tariff barriers can be more harmful than in traditional contexts. Therefore, when adopting trade policies decisions, governments and policy makers should consider the opportunities that countries and firms can take from their involvement in GVCs. If in the past the primary role in these global networks was assigned to large and vertically integrated companies, recent developments have highlighted the international success of a class of small and medium sized entities (SMEs) with a district base. Hence, current research is focusing more on strategic choices at the individual firm level as they are now considered a key node for expanding in foreign markets. The purpose of this dissertation is thus to provide an appropriate understanding of the GVC model by integrating the reference literature with the experience of three local companies involved in GVCs and through an empirical analysis aimed at assessing trade barriers in countries’ micro dynamics of exports.

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Orrebrant, Richard, and Oscar Meivert. "The Networking Born Globals : An Exploratory Study of how Swedish Born Global Software Firms use Networks when Internationalizing." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-30284.

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Purpose – The purpose of this thesis was to investigate how networking is influenced by the choice of internationalization strategy of software firms with a born global mindset. To achieve this purpose, the following research questions were answered: How applicable is previous research on traditional internationalization strategies to born global software firms? How does networking vary between the different choices of internationalization strategy for born global software firms? Method – The research philosophy of this thesis was interpretivistic, supported by an abductive qualitative multi-method approach of exploratory character. Additionally, the data collection methods were literature studies, interviews and documentation conducted from six case companies. The collected data form the base of the developed networking and internationalization model which serves to support the general understanding of how born global software firms can internationalize and use networks to benefit their operations. Findings – By forming clusters and looking into how networking varies between the different choices of internationalization strategy, several types of internationalization strategies of born global software firms were identified, these being referred to as Nascent Global, Cautiously Global, Regionally Global and Instantly Global. Additionally, the results show that it is the choice of internationalization strategy that influences the choice of the networking activity. Nascent Global firms are firms who has not yet launched their service or decided upon internationalization strategy, they mostly network in order to strategize and plan; Cautiously Global firms operates nationally or have recently internationalized into another country, for them the networking focus lies on the process of learning to minimize the risk of mistakes or failure; Regionally Global firms are internationalizing incrementally with a regional focus and networking to access sources of knowledge; Instantly Global firms are those who are global right from inception where the focus is targeted at growth opportunities. Moreover, the findings show that Instantly Global firms are the ones that truly contradict traditional theory on internationalization strategies. Research limitations – The first limitation of this study is that we have solely focused on networking from the firm’s perspective and have not gone into the actual external network of each firm. Additionally, it would be appropriate to include a larger amount of case companies, in order to increase the level of generalizability. Nevertheless, due to limitations concerning the scale of work and time-constraints, six case companies were included. Further research – If practitioners would conduct a similar investigation of born global software firms, it would be interesting to conduct a quantitative study, analyzing potential linkages between the use of networks and internationalization. Also, since this study was cross-sectional, opportunities exist of conducting a longitudinal study, looking into how born global software firms change over time.

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Kurniadi, Muhammad Ardi, and Hamid Mohamed. "Green and Global: Internationalization of eco-innovated Born Global firms : Case Study of biocomposite plastic industry." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446822.

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Sustainability and eco-innovation trends in business are increasingly diffused globally. The quest for sustainable materials to overcome the alarming global tendency of plastic ubiquity is one of the main reasons for such trends. It draws the attention of international actors in the business ranging from a big incumbent multinational company to a small but international firm. The phenomenon of a small firm that quickly becomes global is pervasive and contributes crucially to the global economy. Due to the born global (BG) novelty, internationalization in BG firms has been elaborated primarily in a general context, excluding the firms and industry-particular characteristics. The study aims to understand the internationalization process of a BG firm equipped with an eco-innovation context at the early stage in the biocomposite industry, using an effectual approach as conceptual lenses. The conceptual lens creates interplay among the combined international business area, international entrepreneurship, and emerging eco-innovation field through the embedded effectuation principles. The study embraces an inductive case study approach which involves 12 participants from international actors and members of BG firms in semi-structured interviews. Furthermore, the industrial context of the study revolves around the biocomposite industry and its network to view eco-innovation nuance. The research found that Eco-innovation technology competence becomes the available means to internationalize for BG firm. Moreover, it is concluded that the effectuation theory is reliable both to be used by researchers in analyzing the phenomenon and dominantly used by the entrepreneur in internationalizing their business in uncertain time such as the early stage of internationalization. BG firm utilizes the contingencies through a learning process iteratively but at a quick pace due to their alliance with the network, but the business form is more effectually transformed instead of incrementally changing and well-planned. The use of a formal causation approach was present yet limited during the process. The findings of this study add to the existing literature of internationalization by incorporating eco-innovation, as well as bridging the gap between eco-innovation, international business, and entrepreneurship literature.

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Ferreira, Diana Filipa Gomes. "The born global phenomenon: the Portuguese case." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9519.

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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics The growing significance of companies that conduct international business at or near their funding has been critically challenging previous incremental models of international expansion. This thesis aims to cross-compare, by means of a multiple-case study, eight Portuguese start-ups among themselves and with the theoretical concept of born global firms versus traditional ones. This work project finds that: (1) active entrepreneurs with global vision from inception are essential for the implementation of international strategies; (2) only formal network plays a key role for successful internationalization and (3) inimitable sources of value creation, niche-focused strategies and unique intangible assets are also crucial.

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Venaik, Sunil AGSM UNSW. "A Model of Global Marketing in Multinational Firms: An Emprirical Investigation." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. AGSM, 1999. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17479.

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With increasing globalisation of the world economy, there is growing interest in international business research among academics, business practitioners and public policy makers. As marketing is usually the first corporate function to internationalise, it occupies the centre-stage in the international strategy debate. The objective of this study is to understand the environmental and organisational factors that drive the desirable outcomes of learning, innovation and performance in multinational firms. By adapting the IO-based, resource-based and contingency theories, the study proposes the environment-conduct-outcome framework and a model of global marketing in MNCs. Using the structural equation modelling-based PLS methodology, the model is estimated with data from a global survey of marketing managers in MNC subsidiaries. The results show that the traditional international marketing strategy and organisational structure constructs of adaptation and autonomy do not have a significant direct effect on MNC performance. Instead, the effects are largely mediated by the networking, learning and innovation constructs that are included in the proposed model. The study also shows that, whereas collaborative decision making has a positive effect on interunit learning, subsidiary autonomy has a significant influence on innovativeness in MNC subsidiaries. Finally, it is found that marketing mix adaptation has an adverse impact on the performance of MNCs facing high global integration pressures but improves the performance of MNCs confronted with low global integration pressures. The findings have important implications for global marketing in MNCs. First, to enhance organisational learning and innovation and ultimately improve corporate performance, MNCs should simultaneously develop the potentially conflicting organisational attributes of collective decision-making among the subsidiaries and greater autonomy to the subsidiaries. Second, to tap local knowledge, MNCs should increasingly regard their country units as 'colleges' or 'seminaries' of learning rather than merely as 'subsidiaries' with secondary or subordinate roles. Finally, to improve MNC performance, the key requirement is to achieve a good fit between the global organisational structure, marketing strategy and business environment. Overall, the results provide partial support for the IO-based and resource-based views and strong support for the contingency perspective in international strategy.

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Karra, Neri. "An analysis of factors explaining accelerated internationalization processes in born-global firms." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615204.

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Feltrin, Giulia <1989&gt. "Multinational Firms: effects on world economy and influence on the global governance." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/4330.

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In questa tesi verrà discusso il ruolo delle multinazionali nel moderno contesto della globalizzazione. Verranno studiati i vari modelli di sviluppo di queste aziende e verranno analizzati il perché e come diventino multinazionali, facendo particolare riferimento all’importanza degli investimenti diretti esteri. Verranno studiate le varie modalità con cui un’azienda può accedere a un mercato estero e verranno fornite alcune determinanti chiave che spingono le aziende verso una scelta piuttosto che un’altra. Si farà inoltre riferimento all’indice di transnazionalità di queste aziende per comprovare quanto effettivamente siano legate o slegate dal proprio contesto nazionale. Ci si soffermerà a considerare l’importanza dell’economia della conoscenza e verrà analizzato l’approccio di Doz-Santos-Williamson sulle aziende metanazionali. In una seconda parte verranno analizzati gli impatti delle aziende multinazionali sul proprio paese d’origine, sulle economie ospitanti e sull’ambiente. Infine si passerà a studiare il rapporto tra multinazionali e stati, osservando quali possono essere le politiche statali in favore o contro gli investimenti diretti esteri. Si vedrà come una collaborazione tra questi due attori sia possibile per raggiungere una migliore governance globale e se ne fornirà una chiave di lettura tramite il lavoro di Khanna e l’idea di creazione di valore condiviso di Porter e Kramer.

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Kjellstrand, Johan, and Ouf Samar. "Brand Building in Born Global Firms : The role of digitalization in brand building in young B2B Born Global companies internationalization." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-136462.

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Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to create a deeper understanding of the impact of digitalization on branding and brand building in the internationalization of B2B Born Global SMEs. Design/methodology: The methods used were a mixed qualitative methodology including both interviews and open-ended surveys. With an explorative and descriptive purpose, this study aimed to deliver depth and specific knowledge. The sample companies were young SME, B2B companies in northern Sweden that either was, or are likely to become Born Global companies in the near future. Findings: All companies saw networking as important in their early steps of internationalization rather than using digital channels. However, as they developed their business some of them changed this network strategy towards digital or co-branding strategies. All Born Global companies use digital channels to promote their brand to some extent. Resource scarcity and trust are two common issues for Born Global companies, which both can be overcome by using, networks, co-branding and digital channels. Research implications and limitations: The two main contributors to B2B Born Global internationalization are networks and digital channels, preferably combined, or in a combination with co-branding. Digitalization improves the Born Globals brand building and internationalization by providing an opportunity to overcome the scarcity of resources. Since this is a qualitative study, it is based on a limited number of Born Global start-ups, which makes it hard to suggest large generalizations of the findings and the analysis. Practical implications: Practitioners that are starting a B2B company with an aim to go global in short time period should consider both brand building and how they use digital channels at an early stage. A conceptual model is created, emphasizing on important aspects of four stages in brand building in B2B Born Globals. Originality: To our knowledge the first study focusing on the role of digitalization in Born Global branding and brand building. Moreover the study contributes to brand building literature regarding SMEs and B2B companies.

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Seitz, Michael. "Incomplete Contracts, Financial Frictions and Trade - Firms and Consumers in a Global Economy." Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-137274.

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Nafula, Ritah, and Zubiran Natalia Suarez. "Born Global firms from emerging economies: Investigating their success factors in international markets." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-19095.

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Over the last two decades, the Born Global phenomenon has grown into a fascinating field of internationalization studies. Several perspectives have been studied to enrich this rather new area of business research, however little has been studied in context of the types of economies from where these firms emerge. More especially, insufficient amounts of literature cover the Born Global phenomenon from the emerging market context. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to gain a deeper understanding of this phenomenon from the emerging market context by investigating the factors that influence these born global firms to succeed in their international markets. We conducted a case study of two companies one from Mexico and another from Ghana. We adopted a qualitative approach for the literature review, data collection and analysis during the course of the study. We also utilized theoretical concepts to build a conceptualized framework to guide our study. Both primary and secondary data sources were used in this research. Our study revealed five main factors that influence born global firms from emerging economies to succeed in the international scene. These factors are both internal and external and are as follows; strategic management of the firm, networks, product differentiation, technology and markets. We found that the significance of each of the factors’ influence on the companies was specific to type of industry and product/service offering.

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Amoore, Louise. "The social roots of global change : states, firms and the restructuring of work." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/422.

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Within the field of International Political Economy (IPE), and across the social sciences more broadly, analysis of restructuring and guides to its management have tended to use the master concept of globalisation as 'common sense' knowledge about social change. As a result, a discourse surrounding restructuring has emerged which presents a cause-effect and uni-linear model. Thus, restructuring processes within statesocieties and firms are viewed as responses to the imperatives of global change. Building on insights from contemporary IPE approaches, which highlight the historical and institutional contingency of these processes, the central purpose of this thesis is to reconsider global change as contested within and across societies. This is pursued through a consideration of the restructuring of productive and working practices as they are negotiated and contested in the key social terrain of states and firms. The inquiry proceeds through three stages. First, the use of globalisation as a master concept for framing knowledge of social change generally, and of changes in working practices particularly, is outlined. Second, through a focus on the debates surrounding the restructuring of work in Britain and Germany, it is argued that interpretations and experiences of restructuring are socially rooted and, therefore, distinctive. It is demonstrated that state-societies do not simply absorb global imperatives; that firms, as social arenas, do not respond to intensified competition in an unproblematic way; and that social groups actively experience and participate in the restructuring of embedded practices. Finally, it is suggested that perceived technological or economic pressures to restructure working practices take on distinctive meanings for particular societies, raising specific conflicts, and reflecting discrete social understandings. From this perspective, globalisation and social restructuring cannot be meaningfully understood as a single, universal or convergent process. Rather, globalisation and restructuring take on distinctive meanings as they are understood and experienced within specific social contexts.

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Oner, Asli Ceylan. "Locational Distribution of Global Advanced Producer Service Firms in the Polycentric Us Metropolis." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26199.

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This study is generally concerned with the assumption that the contemporary global flows of people, capital, and commodities, which accelerated dramatically in the age of globalization, have significant impacts on the land use patterns of global cities. With this assumption, the study further questions in the context of polycentric US metropolis, whether or not the distribution of transnational advanced producer service firms define a new form of centrality, in which the traditional central business districts and suburban centers differ from each other in terms of spatial clustering patterns and sectoral distributions of transnational advanced producer service firms. Spatial clustering patterns of advanced producer service firms are evaluated according to high-rise and high-density criteria. In ten selected cities, clusters of advanced producer service firms and high-rise office buildings are identified through the Nearest Neighbor Hierarchical Clustering Method in CrimeStat. To define the polycentric US metropolis, the research employs Lang et alâ s (2006) classification of metropolitan office space. The results show significant differences between former manufacturing belt cities and Sunbelt cities. Ph. D.

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Auris, Mendieta Miluska Vanesa, Eizaguirre Maria Claudia Baldeón, and Laos Verónica Isabel Madrid. "Modos de ingreso de las Born Global Firms peruanas en el mercado internacional." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/621557.

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El presente Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional (TSP) busca identificar los modos de ingreso al mercado internacional utilizados por las Born Global Firms (BGF) peruanas dentro del sector agroindustrial y agropecuario, así como analizar los factores que han contribuido y dificultado su internacionalización. Por este motivo, se identificaron 50 empresas que lograron cumplir con los parámetros establecidos, de igual modo se entrevistaron a 4 emprendedores y 3 especialistas en el tema. Lo que se pretende es conocer y estudiar, en primera instancia, el crecimiento de las BGF peruanas en el sector mencionado y su comportamiento respecto a las ventas, el mercado destino común entre ellas, el tipo de productos ofertados y la sostenibilidad en el tiempo. Asimismo, con respecto a las entrevistas, se busca encontrar las características de los fundadores, los factores internos y externos a los que están expuestos y los factores de éxito que han hecho posible su existencia en el mercado mundial, así como también su sostenibilidad. Finalmente, se entrevistó a especialistas de comercio exterior con la finalidad de obtener una visión más generalizada de cómo ha evolucionado la aparición de este tipo de empresas en la economía peruana y cuáles son los programas que ofrece el gobierno para acelerar la existencia de las mismas en un mercado libre de competencia. Este trabajo consta de cinco capítulos, el primer capítulo se basa en la presentación de teorías que respaldan la existencia, las características y el comportamiento de las Born Global Firms, así como también los modos de ingreso más usados por este tipo de empresas. En el segundo capítulo, se expone la metodología para determinar las limitaciones impuestas en el desarrollo de la investigación. El tercer capítulo se presenta el desarrollo en donde explica la dinámica de los negocios internacionales por las Born Global Firms peruanas dentro del sector agroindustrial y agropecuario. Seguido de ello, se realiza un análisis general sobre los datos recopilados y, por último, se exponen las conclusiones y recomendaciones del tema en estudio. The present Work of Professional Sufficiency (WPS) seeks to identify the modes of entry into the international market used by the Peruvian Born Global Firms (BGF) within the agroindustrial and agricultural sector, as well as to analyze the factors that have contributed and made it difficult to internationalize. For this reason, 50 companies were identified that were able to meet the established parameters, also 4 entrepreneurs and 3 specialists were interviewed. The aim of this work is to know and study, in the first instance, the growth of Peruvian BGF in the sector mentioned and its behavior regarding sales, the common destination market among them, the type of products offered and sustainability over time. Also, regarding the interviews, the aim is to gather characteristics of the founders, internal and external factors to which they are exposed and the factors of success that have made possible their existence in the world market, as well as their sustainability. Finally, foreign trade specialists were interviewed in order to obtain a more general view of how the emergence of this type of companies in the Peruvian economy has evolved and what programs the government offers to accelerate their existence in a free market of competition. This work consists of five chapters, the first chapter is based on the presentation of theories that support the existence, characteristics and behavior of Born Global Firms as well as the most used modes entry by this type of companies. In the second chapter, the methodology to determine the limitations imposed in the development of research is presented. The third chapter presents the development that explains the dynamics of international business by the Born Global Firms in the Peruvian agroindustrial and agricultural sector. Following this, a general analysis is performed on the data collected, and finally, the conclusions and recommendations of the subject under study are presented.

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Gedo, Tamir. "A behavioral economics approach to internationalization of born global firms : an exploratory investigation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-behavioral-economics-approach-to-internationalization-of-born-global-firms-an-exploratory-investigation(045b6f0a-62b5-4fd5-8381-8e755a79eaef).html.

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The main aim of this research is to develop a conceptual model that describes the way managers make decisions about internationalizing. It also tries to explain under what conditions managers will be risk-seekers and under what conditions they will be risk-averse, and as a result which groups of strategies and tools they will choose to use when internationalizing. This investigation focuses on the field of behavioural economics in opposition to leading paradigms in the IB field that concentrate on the neoclassical economic theory. This research uses an interdisciplinary approach that combines the behavioural economics approach and theories drawn from the field of entrepreneurship, IB, market relations, industrial organization, RBV and institutional theory, in order to develop a comprehensive theoretical framework that can explain from the senior manager's perspective when and why s/he chooses certain variables and not others. The findings link the manager's perception of his position vis-à-vis his industry reference point (IRP are defined as any variable that highlights a particular objective, seems capable of establishing a reference point, and as a result, creates a framework for organizational/individual decision making) and his decision making in the area of risk management, learning, and product adaption and development. The findings indicate that managers below their IRP display innovation when developing new marketing/distribution channels, and share their knowledge with partners. Nevertheless, they demonstrate low awareness of risk management. In contrast, managers above their IRP focus on the organization's existing technology and marketing and distribution channels and avoid adjusting their products to the market needs and sharing knowledge with distributors. On the other hand, they adopt an active risk management strategy.Additionally we link between the manager's perceptions of his position vis-à-vis his IRP and his choice of entry mode strategy. The findings indicate that a number of differences exist between managers below their IRP and managers above their IRP. Managers below their IRP use positioning strategies but use TCA or institutional strategies very little. In contrast, managers above their IRP use TCA or institutional strategies but will hardly use positioning strategies at all. The two types of managers use network strategy and RBV, but each group uses different factors within the theories. The research makes a number of important contributions to study of the IB sphere, particularly to the fields of research relating to the internationalization of BG companies, which is a relatively new field of knowledge. Today there is no comprehensive theoretical framework explaining the way BG companies internationalize and the reasons they choose one strategy or tool over another when entering foreign markets. The present research attempts to establish a conceptual model that describes the way managers make internationalization decisions. It does so by importing a new discipline from the field of behavioural economics into the IB field, which is deeply wedded to the tradition of neo-classical economics and integrates it with existing strategies in the field to create a conceptual model that mediates between traditional IB research and the BG research stream.

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De, Marchi Valentina. "Greening Global Value Chains: the Role of Lead Firms in Fostering Environmental Innovations." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3421569.

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The importance of the environmental agenda for the industry has been rising exponentially at the international level in recent years. Firms are increasingly challenged to introduce new products or processes that lower the impacts on the environment while consolidating their competitive advantage. The peculiarities of these innovations and the increasing disintegration of production at the global level challenge firms to coordinate with value chain partners in order to successfully reduce their overall environmental impacts. Through mixed method research, this Ph.D. thesis contributes to the literature by addressing how manufacturing firms cooperate with external partners, especially suppliers, on environmental innovation. The thesis comprises two parts: the first analyzes the peculiar importance of cooperation for green innovations using survey data; the second explores how lead firms interact with suppliers and coordinate their value chain’s activities for the greening through a multiple-case study analysis. While keeping constant the unit of analysis – environmental innovations – the thesis is organized so that the focus broadens progressively, concentrating on the firm (chapter 1), on the buyer-supplier relation (chapter 5) and, finally, on the entire value chain (chapter 6). The first chapter explores the impact of firms’ R&D cooperation strategies on their environmental innovation propensity, contributing to the environmental innovation literature using 2008 Community Innovation Survey data on Spanish manufacturing firms. The analysis, controlling for selection bias, suggests that environmental innovative firms cooperate with external partners to a higher extent than other innovative firms. Suppliers and scientific agents emerge as partners which are even more important than for other innovations, corroborating theories on the interdependencies on skills and resources and the on increasing complexity that arise in the development of environmental innovation. Contrast-oriented case studies in the Italian furniture industry support the discussion on green innovation management in value chains in part two. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 are propaedeutic to the followings, discussing, respectively the research questions and the relevant theoretical approaches and concepts, the research strategy used, and, finally environmental innovation and value chain strategies of the two lead firms. Chapter 5 contributes to the Green Supply Chain Management literature by developing a framework to understand how lead firms interact with suppliers to ensure the desired environmental performance. In particular, the cases’ narrative suggests that firms engage, at once, in i) cooperation to the development of new products or processes, especially as far as technical aspects are concerned; ii) direct monitoring activities, or by the mean of standards and code of conducts or by more informal mechanisms, and iii) supporting activities, by disseminating environmental knowledge. Results bespeak a shift from arm’s length relationships toward more complex networks structures. In Chapter 6, I specify those governance structures, pioneeringly applying the Global Value Chain framework to the understanding of greening dynamics in a context of disintegration of production. Based on the empirical analysis, I identify two types of network, namely standard-driven and relational-driven and the main variables determining when one form or the other may arise. The analysis suggests also different tools that lead firms may employ to drive environmental improvements even beyond their first-tier suppliers, and different incentives, which may counteract costs that suppliers have to face to implement environmental innovations. Despite focusing each on different aspects of the greening, the chapters converge on corroborating the peculiar importance of cooperation for environmental improvements along the value chain, with respect to other types of innovations. Case studies research allows completing the evidence of its substitute effect with internal R&D emerging from the quantitative analysis, by suggesting that this is the case for suppliers and sub-suppliers, but complementarities arise for firms leading the greening. Furthermore, analyses agree on the pivotal role of internationalization strategies and the business model in determining environmental innovations performance in value chains. Negli ultimi anni si è assistito ad un crescente interesse, a livello internazionale, per gli impatti ambientali delle attività produttive. La sfida per le aziende sta nell’introdurre nuovi prodotti o processi che riducano l’impatto sull’ambiente mentre consolidano il proprio vantaggio competitivo. Le specificità di queste innovazioni e la crescente suddivisione del lavoro su scala globale richiedono alle aziende di coordinarsi con le imprese della propria catena del valore per ridurre l’impatto ambientale complessivo. Attraverso un metodo di ricerca misto, questa tesi di dottorato vuole contribuire alla letteratura indagando come le aziende manifatturiere cooperano con attori esterni, in modo particolare i fornitori, per lo sviluppo di innovazioni ambientali. La tesi è composta di due parti: la prima analizza l’importanza della collaborazione con enti esterni per lo sviluppo di innovazioni ambientali attraverso un’analisi quantitativa; la seconda esplora in che modo le aziende leader interagiscono con i fornitori e coordinano le attività della catena del valore per ridurre gli impatti ambientali attraverso dei casi studio. Mantenendo costante l’unità di analisi – le innovazioni ambientali – la tesi è organizzata in modo che il focus dell’analisi si estenda progressivamente dall’azienda (capitolo 1), alla relazione fornitore-cliente (capitolo 5) e, infine, all’intera catena del valore (capitolo 6). Il primo capitolo sviluppa la letteratura sulle innovazioni ambientali investigando l’impatto delle strategie di collaborazione con attori esterni sulla propensione a introdurre innovazioni ambientali, usando dati relativi alle aziende manifatturiere ricavati dalla Community Innovation Survey spagnola del 2008. Controllando per la potenziale distorsione da selezione campionaria, l’analisi suggerisce che le aziende che introducono innovazioni sostenibili cooperano più di altre aziende innovative. Fornitori, università e altri enti di ricerca risultano partner ancora più importanti che nel processo di sviluppo di innovazioni non ambientali, supportando teorie che affermano l’emergere di interdipendenze in termini di competenze e risorse e l’aumentare della complessità in relazione allo sviluppo di innovazioni a ridotto impatto ambientale. Casi di studio nel settore dell’arredamento in Italia, selezionati per rappresentare esempi contrastanti, supportano la discussione della parte due. I capitoli 2, 3 e 4 sono propedeutici ai successivi, presentando, rispettivamente, le domande di ricerca e gli approcci e concetti teorici rilevanti, la strategia metodologica utilizzata e le strategie di innovazione ambientale e di gestione della catena del valore delle due aziende leader analizzate. Il capitolo quinto contribuisce alla letteratura sul Green Supply Chain Management sviluppando un modello per comprendere le interazioni tra aziende leader e fornitori per il miglioramento delle performance ambientali. In particolare, i casi suggeriscono che le aziende leader si impegnano con i fornitori in tutti e tre i seguenti fronti: i) la cooperazione per lo sviluppo di nuovi prodotti e processi, ii) il controllo diretto delle loro attività, attraverso standard e codici di condotta o attraverso meccanismi informali e iii) il sostegno del loro sforzo attraverso la condivisione di conoscenze sui temi ambientali. L’analisi suggerisce, inoltre, un passaggio da relazioni di mercato verso più complesse forme di rete di imprese. Nel capitolo sesto approdondisco queste forme, utilizzando in modo pionieristico il framework sulle Global Value Chain per comprendere la riduzione degli impatti ambientali in un contesto di suddivisione della produzione su scala globale. Sulla base della ricerca empirica, identifico due tipi di rete, regolate da standard o da relazioni informali, e le loro principali determinanti. L’analisi identifica vari strumenti che le aziende leader possono utilizzare per ridurre gli impatti ambientali della propria catena del valore, anche oltre i fornitori di primo livello, e incentivi che possono stimolare i fornitori a sostenere i costi necessari per introdurre innovazioni ambientali. Nonostante si focalizzino ognuno su diversi aspetti, i capitoli convergono nel riconoscere la maggiore importanza della cooperazione con la rete di imprese per lo sviluppo di innovazioni ambientali, rispetto ad altri tipi di innovazioni. Se l’analisi quantitativa aveva suggerito la sua sostituibilità con le risorse di R&S interne, i casi studio suggeriscono che questa valga nel caso di fornitori e sub-fornitori, ma vi sia invece un’importante complementarietà nel caso delle aziende che stimolino il processo di riduzione degli impatti. Inoltre, le analisi concordano sull’importanza delle strategie di internazionalizzazione e del modello di business dell’azienda nel determinare come vengano ridotti gli impatti ambientali lungo le catene del valore.

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Öhrn, Lundin Josefin. "Transparency in Global Value Chains : A Case Study on How Swedish Firms in Global Value Chains Perceive Their Level of Transparency." Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-170481.

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This thesis is a qualitative case study on how Swedish companies operating in global valuechains percieve their level of transparency concerning social- and environmental aspects, andhow they manage this work. The thesis contributes to existing literature since it draw attentionto the role of transparency concerning social- and environmental aspects and study howcompanies operating in global value chains actually perceive their level of transparency. Theanalysis and results in this thesis is based on interviews with sustainability experts within fivedifferent Swedish companies operating in global value chains. The companies in this studydiffer in size and belong to different industries. The result shows that companies in this studydo not perceive transparency as an issue in itself; rather the ability to control the chains has animpact on the level of transparency. The level of control seems to depend on resources andstakeholders pressure, and differ depending on industry and size of the company. In thisstudy, the larger companies have more resources to control their chains than the smallercompanies and therefore they have a higher level of transparency.

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Falkner, Robert. "The role of firms in global environmental politics : the case of ozone layer protection." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365587.

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Craig, Thomas Dominic. "Strategies for Managing Exploration, Global Value Chains, and Knowledge Flows in High-Technology Firms." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/352482.

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Business Administration/Strategic Management Ph.D. This dissertation comprises three essays of a multilevel investigation into the strategies of high-technology firms to build and maintain competitive advantage through effective policies for innovation, global sourcing, and knowledge management. Through a combination of conceptual and empirical analyses that extend the existing theoretical boundaries in each of these areas, I contribute to our current body of knowledge and establish a solid foundation on which future related research will be built. In particular, I weave together classic and contemporary literature of strategic management, entrepreneurship, international business, and organizational economics to reveal how macro- and micro-level factors impact the activities selected, tradeoffs made, and performance of firms in regional and global settings. Temple University--Theses

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Do, Amaral Eduardo, and Kevin Walther. "An explorative study on small-sized game development firms from a born global perspective." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324883.

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The existing literature provides a variety of drivers enabling rapid internationalization of born global firms. This explorative study with its inductive approach attempts to analyze to what extent born global theory can be used to understand internationalization in the context of small-sized game development firms. Five interviews of a qualitative nature are used to collect data from founders of firms in this under-researched context. The data collection process is based on an operationalization of concepts based on the three categories of founder, organizational and macro-environmental drivers. The findings show that the firms can be aligned to three different stages of their business development, from subcontracting, to game development, to self-publishing. Subcontractors are not born global, but game developers must develop games with global market potential. These firms are pushed to be international by the heavily globalized nature of their industry and digital nature of both the products and the distribution platforms. Founder and organizational factors do not drive the born global approach as much as the environment, but still play a role in explaining the business of these firms. Overall, the findings of this thesis may provide a guiding point for further research in this specific context of firms acting in an industry with immediate internationalization.

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Spencer, Millspaugh Jennifer Estella. "Global branding for fashion entrepreneurs : how womenswear SMEs design their firms to grow internationally." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2016. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/12006/.

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The purpose of this research is to identify the resources and capabilities utilised for brand development and internationalisation of entrepreneurial womenswear designer fashion enterprises (DFEs). Tis thesis presents an original contribution to knowledge by using the concept of dynamic capabilities as a ‘lens’ to explore the creation of brand identity in the context of the international fashion system. In the pursuit of its aim, this research defines a dynamic capability process of DFE brand development through the codifcation of elements of brand identity, recognising the infuence of co-creation experiences. Furthermore, this thesis identifies the characteristics of DFE internationalisation behaviour, defining how the processes of brand development and internationalisation are related to each other and embedded in the capabilities of the DFE. Entrepreneurial DFEs, recognised within the fashion media as ‘emerging designers’, are increasingly identified as key sectors for economic growth. These enterprises are largely wholesale, highly internationalised operations within the SME sector, strengthened and supported by a broad network. However, signifcant focus within academic literature centres on branding or internationalisation in relation to fashion retail or established luxury firms, ignoring entrepreneurial DFEs who are sources of innovation and creativity for the fashion industry. This research fills a gap in the academic literature by examining the brand development and internationalisation processes of entrepreneurial DFEs operating in the contemporary context of the global fashion industry. Using grounded theory to examine the practice of entrepreneurial DFEs based in London and New York, this research incorporates theoretical sampling to direct data gathering from semi-structured in-depth interviews, observation at London, New York and Paris fashion weeks, and analysis of websites, social media and press. Constant comparative analysis refined emerged concepts into sub-categories, properties and dimensions surrounding the core category of the ‘collection lifecycle’. The findings of this research are organised according to aggregate dimensions of brand identity elements, and a hierarchy of operational routines, dynamic capabilities and organisational learning. This research finds that for DFEs, the development of brand identity is a dynamic capability process embedded in and emergent from operational routines and capabilities. As a resource, the brand guides internationalisation. In turn, internationalisation behaviour requires interaction within the global fashion system that operates as a source for organisational learning, further adapting the DFE’s brand to align with market opportunities. In the explanation of this process, this research presents a theoretical framework and a series of eight propositions defining the product development activities, operational resources and capabilities, dynamic brand development capabilities and process of organisational learning that impacts brand identity creation and internationalisation.

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Krzeminska, Anna M. "The importance of firms' strategic resources and capabilities in crisis situations." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/14975.

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Submitted by Anna Krzeminska (anna.m.krzeminska@gmail.com) on 2015-12-03T22:31:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Anna Krzeminska - FGV EBAPE Thesis.pdf: 782414 bytes, checksum: d1eaade223b9b8d735b684cca595090e (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2015-12-17T11:19:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Anna Krzeminska - FGV EBAPE Thesis.pdf: 782414 bytes, checksum: d1eaade223b9b8d735b684cca595090e (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2015-12-21T18:36:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Anna Krzeminska - FGV EBAPE Thesis.pdf: 782414 bytes, checksum: d1eaade223b9b8d735b684cca595090e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-21T18:36:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anna Krzeminska - FGV EBAPE Thesis.pdf: 782414 bytes, checksum: d1eaade223b9b8d735b684cca595090e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-10 The general idea of this research is to analyze overall firm performance before and after the global financial crisis of 2008. The main question is: What kind of strategies did companies adopt that led to positive business performance after the crisis? Are there any particular competitive advantages that bring better performance in the case of an economic downturn? This research focuses on competitive advantage gained by resource-based view attributes of a product (quality, durability and prestige) and dynamic capabilities (strategic flexibility in product development and technological innovation ability). The economic crisis setting provides a proper background to analyze the competitive advantage strategies in a dynamic, low-probability environment to determine which are most worth adopting in the business world. I employ an OLS regression analysis in order to measure the business performance of 136 Brazilian firms across four years – 2002, 2005, 2008 and 2012. The findings indicate that even though all of the strategic resources and capabilities positively influence firm performance in expansionary periods, only the superior product characteristics are pertinent in surviving an economic downturn.

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GLORIA, TIAGO BARBOSA. "THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF E-COMMERCE FIRMS: A CASE STUDY OF B2W: COMPANHIA GLOBAL DO VAREJO." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=20727@1.

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O movimento de internacionalização de empresas brasileiras iniciou-se pelo setor industrial; a internacionalização das empresas de varejo é um fenômeno mais recente no país. Assim, pesquisas sobre o processo de internacionalização de empresas varejistas brasileiras não são muito numerosas no Brasil, sobretudo sobre empresas de comércio eletrônico. Nesse contexto, o estudo objetivou investigar, através do método de estudo de caso da empresa B2W – Companhia Global do Varejo, o processo de interncaionalização de uma empresa brasileira de comércio eletrônico – suas motivações, como ela expandiu seus negócios no exterior, obstáculos enfrentados e fatores facilitadores do processo. Atuar internacionalmente foi uma forma de ampliação de mercado e diversificação para redução de riscos e hoje faz parte da estratégia de crescimento da empresa. O estudo utilizou dados secundários provenientes de teses, dissertações, artigos e Internet, além de dados primários coletados em entrevistas em profundidade com os principais executivos da empresa. A análise dos dados mostrou que as estruturas teóricas registradas nesta tese foram identificadas no processo de internacionalização da empresa estudada. The movement of internalization of brazilian enterprises is primarily characterized by the displacement of industrial companies; the internalization of retail business is a more recent phenomenon. Thus, studies on the internalization process of brazilian retail companies are not numerous yet in the country. In this context, the study aimed to investigate, using the method of case study of B2W – Companhia Global do varejo, the internalization process of a brazilian eCommerce company - their motives, how it expanded their business abroad and what were their main obstacles that have been faced and the facilitating factors of the process. Acting abroad was a way for widening markets and diversifying risks for the enterprise, and nowadays, it is the focus of its growing strategy. This study has utilized secondary data retrieved from theses, dissertation, articles and internet, besides primary data collected through in-depth interviews with main company executives. Data analysis showed that theoretical framework employed in this work was present in the internalization process of the company studied.

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Reades, J. E. "The place of telecommunications : spatial decision-making by firms in the age of global communications." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1306803/.

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The transition to a digital, knowledge-based economy has seemingly thrown the study of industrial spatial strategy into disarray: theory rooted in the analysis of material flows appears insufficient for the study of informational ones. However, this work will argue that many of the basic, historical aspects of firm location identified by the pioneers of spatial analysis remain profoundly relevant today because these enable us to place the modern firm in an appropriate spatial and economic context. We may then combine these fundamental insights with more recent work on infrastructure flexibility, transactions, types of knowledge, and the importance of face-to-face interaction to flesh out a portrait of industrial location in the telecommunications age. Direct evidence of these strategies in action has been difficult to collect because so many of the inputs to, outputs from, and interactions between firms are invisible. Moreover, traditional social science approaches to data collection and analysis are unable to cope with the flood of information that characterises advanced service economies. The direct study of telecommunications data promises a new and massively scalable way to visualise and explore these crucial connections, but as yet there is little consensus on how to approach such data. Using very large, but fine-grained data sets from a major British telecommunications company and a large American telecommunications company, and drawing upon the ‘eigenplace’ methodology developed in collaboration with Francesco Calabrese of the SENSEable City Lab at M.I.T. (Reades et al., 2009; Calabrese et al., 2010), this work explores the extent to which telecommunications flows—in terms of their timing, volume, and geography—can be correlated with firm location and industrial clustering. The finding of industrial ‘signatures’ in telecommunications data provides evidence of informational strategies at work, and sheds light on the likely future shape of urban and regional economies.

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Suzuki, Satoshi 1967. "A framework for strategic thinking in the global market for large-scale Japanese constructions firms." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46264.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1999. Includes bibliographical references (p. 151-155). The intent of this thesis is to propose a framework for strategic thinking in the global market for large-scale Japanese construction firms. That framework would enable firms to perform strategic thinking in a changing environment, capturing dynamic aspects of the industry and lead them to succeeding processes toward their choice of strategic position. The thesis first reviews literature on strategic thinking and finds three distinct powerful strategic analysis models, which together cover virtually all of the major important theories in strategic management. These three models are the Porter Model, the Resource-Based View of the Firm, and the Delta Model. The thesis then reviews the three models, examining their applicability to the industry, and analyzes their strengths and weaknesses. Based on this analysis, the thesis integrates them and proposes the new framework, which consists of two contiguous approaches, the iterative and the circular dynamic. Finally, the thesis applies the framework to a Japanese construction firm through some case studies, which allows this thesis to depict practical usage of the proposed framework as well as prove its applicability to the global construction market. This application further develops and complements the framework. by Satoshi Suzuki. S.M.

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Gadelius, Arvid, and Erik Larsson. "The impact of the global financial crisis on working capital management in Swedish listed firms." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-393980.

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This thesis studies the relationship between efficient working capital management and firm profitability, and if the global financial crisis has affected the relationship. Previous literature has presented inconsistent results regarding the impact of working capital management on firm profitability, finding both negative and positive effects. It has also been argued that the global financial crisis has increased the attention of and possibly changed the attitude towards working capital management as a strategy in order to increase firm profitability. In the study, the cash conversion cycle is used as a measure for working capital management, and return on assets as a measure for firm profitability. The sample in this thesis consists of 1170 observations from 78 Swedish listed companies over the time-period 2003–2017. Both multiple regression analysis and an independent-sample t-test were conducted in order to examine the given relationship. The findings of this thesis indicate that firms can increase their profitability by implementing efficient working capital management. However, the global financial crisis has not brought a change in companies' working capital management.

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Erkus, Ozturk Hilal. "The Role Of Local And Global Networking For Tourism Firms And Clusters: The Case Of Antalya." Phd thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610129/index.pdf.

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The aim of this thesis is to explore the role of local and global networking, institutionalization and institutional thickness of tourism firms and clusters in order to explain their contribution to tourism development. Recent development literature emphasizes the crucial role of different level of networks, institutionalizations and clustering in the development of regions. In this respect, this thesis tries to explore the role of networks, new organizational set-ups and clustering by adapting them to tourism case. It is hypothesized that global networks are also important in addition to local networks, and play crucial role in the performance of tourism firms and clusters. On this basis, types and intensity of local &amp global networks in tourism organizations and clusters, development of associational structure in tourism clusters and firms, and the level of relations between different associations and tourism firms are tried to be examined by focusing on the theoretical framework on development models, networking, institution and cluster based studies. This thesis employs a quantitative method of analysis and social network analysis for identifiying the level of networks of tourism firms&amp organizations and clusters. In this way, this thesis describes their contribution to local tourism development. Although tourism is somewhat different from other sectors, findings of the case study generally support the claims of the development literature for tourism case.

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Dean, Carol Carlson. "Corporate Entrepreneurship: Strategic and Structural Correlates and Impact on the Global Presence of United States Firms." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278559/.

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Corporate entrepreneurship, its correlates, and its impact on the global presence of firms were examined through 439 United States companies, represented in all geographic realms of the world. Executives responded to a lengthy survey of organizational characteristics which enabled corporate entrepreneurship and its dimensions--innovation, proactiveness, and risk taking--to be examined in firms with varying global presence. Risk factors were assigned to countries and realms from the averaged rankings of three published risk-forecasting services. Maximum risk country, maximum risk geographic realm, average risk of countries, average risk of geographic realms, number of countries, and number of geographic realms, were differentially weighted to equalize scales and combined into a composite global presence scale. Strategy-related variables--competitive aggressiveness and adaptiveness--dominated other organizational attributes in explaining corporate entrepreneurship, and corporate entrepreneurship dominated other variables in explaining global presence, according to correlation and multiple regression analysis. Although no variables correlated strongly with measures of global presence, corporate entrepreneurship consistently had significant positive correlations across all six measures of global presence and the composite global presence scale. In forward stepwise multiple regressions, corporate entrepreneurship was the first variable entered into the prediction equation for five of the six measures of global presence; only when the dependent variable was the number-of-countries measure of global presence did scanning load before corporate entrepreneurship. Of the dimensions of corporate entrepreneurship, risk taking had the weakest correlations with measures of global presence, although risk was the theoretical basis for the first four measures of global presence; the risk taking dimension of corporate entrepreneurship represents executives' perceptions of risk, whereas global presence was derived from published risk rankings of countries. Environmental dynamism and heterogeneity, although not hostility, correlated with corporate entrepreneurship; however, neither environmental element showed a systematic relationship with global presence. Overall, corporate entrepreneurship, driven primarily by strategy-related variables, influenced the global presence of firms. Corporate entrepreneurship did not influence performance.

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Martini, Stella <1988&gt. "Turkey and the new global economic context: the expansion of national firms into the Romanian market." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3745.

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The Republic of Turkey is one of the so-called transition economies, those developing countries experiencing high rates of economic growth in recent years. Their path to growth deeply differs from that of already developed economies, mainly because of the very globalized economic world in which they live and operate. A fundamental aspect of economic globalization is foreign direct investment (FDI), which today involves emerging markets both as host and source countries. Indeed, Turkey is experiencing a sharp rise in inward and outward FDI, with national enterprises expanding abroad at a very rapid pace. The focus if this dissertation is Turkish firms’ expansion into new markets, in particular that of Romania.

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Banerjee, Sourindra. "The international growth of emerging market firms : theory and evidence from a natural experiment." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610214.

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Areche, Fabian Billy Jack, and Carreón Juan Manuel Mendoza. "Born Global firms: criterios de éxito de las startups chilenas que resultan positivas para la internacionalización de las startups peruanas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/623518.

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Si bien el título de la actual investigación abarca un campo muy amplio de observación, la intención fundamental del presente trabajo, en primer lugar, es validar el efecto de los factores asociados al éxito de internacionalización en las startups chilenas en una búsqueda exploratoria de información del ecosistema chileno. En segundo lugar, determinar si su aplicación genera o está generando un impacto positivo en el desarrollo del ecosistema peruano y en el proceso de internacionalización de sus startups a través de un análisis cualitativo. Para ello, en el capítulo I, se definen los conceptos “startups”, incubadoras, aceleradoras, ecosistema, financiamiento, En el capítulo II, como contextualización, se describe la situación actual de las startups chilenas y sus principales casos de éxito. Asimismo, se menciona la situación actual de las startups peruanas, sus principales casos de éxito y factores asociados al fracaso en el primer año. Luego se hace referencia a los objetivos de la investigación en base al problema planteado y las hipótesis respectivas. En el capítulo III, se presentará la metodología utilizada para el análisis y propuesta de investigación. En el capítulo IV, a nivel cualitativo, se presenta información correspondiente a entrevistas de profundidad realizadas a CEO’S de startups peruanas y chilenas sobre los factores asociados al desempeño y plan de internacionalización. En el capítulo V, se precisan conclusiones y recomendaciones de la presente investigación. Although the title of the current research covers a wide field of observation, the fundamental intention of this paper, first, is to validate the effect of the factors associated with success in Chilean startups in an exploratory search for information on the Chilean ecosystem. Secondly, to determine if its application generates or is generating a positive impact on the development of the Peruvian ecosystem and the process of internationalization of its startups through a qualitative analysis. For this, in chapter I, the concepts "startups", incubators, accelerators, ecosystem, financing are defined. In chapter II, as a contextualization, the current situation of Chilean startups and their main success stories is described. Likewise, the current situation of Peruvian startups, their main success stories and factors associated with failure in the first year are mentioned. Then reference is made to the objectives of the investigation based on the problem posed and the respective hypotheses. In chapter III, the methodology used for the analysis and research proposal will be presented. In chapter IV, at a qualitative level, information is presented corresponding to in-depth interviews with CEOs of Peruvian and Chilean startups about the factors associated with performance and the internationalization plan. In chapter V, precise recommendations and recommendations of the present investigation are made. Tesis

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Choksy, Umair Shafi. "Resilience in adverse economy and upgrading in global value chains : insights from small software firms in Pakistan." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.697746.

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Rise of offshoring services to developing countries has led to the participation of small offshoring services providers in the global value chains. Many inter-disciplinary researches have understood whether participation in global value chains (GVCs) leads to beneficial outcomes for small suppliers. However, the institutional dynamics that may hamper or support small supplier upgrading has not received much attention. This is especially true for small offshoring services providers (OSPs) who are operating in an adverse institutional environment represented by low quality institutions, political instability, and political conflicts. Taking an offshoring service provider’s (OSP) perspective, this paper aims to understand the how Pakistani OSPs bypass/address the challenges of upgrading and move to significant positions in global value chains. Anchoring this work in the relational economic geography, global value chain, and international business, an analytical framework is developed based upon three conceptual building blocks: Upgrading challenges, strategic responses, and upgrading. The thesis adopts qualitative interview technique to collect data from seventeen Pakistani OSPs. The textual data which is interpreted using template analysis technique shows that some Pakistani OSPs demonstrate ‘resilient’ strategies to upgrade in GVCs. The differences in the resilience of OSPs are dependent upon a) level of responsiveness of OSPs to cope with all or some of the upgrading challenges, b) to adapt the changing demands of GVCs. It is understood that OSPs showing high level of responsiveness and adaptation are able to truly upgrade in global value chain by gaining legitimacy in GVCs for their ability to successfully meet GVC conventions and legitimise operation in an adverse economy.

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Akhter, Manzoom. "Origin and role of social networks : a Comparative study of Born Global Firms of France and Pakistan." Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00877352.

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Network approach is more appropriate measure to describe the early internationalization of born global firms. The focus of our research is to investigate the origin, structure and role of social networks in the early internationalization of born global firms. We intend to investigate the structure of networks which is considered pre-requisite to study the other dimensions of network ties. Many researchers directly jump to study the role networks play without paying any attention from where these ties originate. Furthermore, much of the literature has connected the born global firms with high technology sector however, there are many examples of born global firms in traditional sectors. Similarly, very little is known about how various national context influence the internationalization process of firms. Therefore, we also intend to investigate network ties in the context of different industrial sectors and different level of country's institutional development by comparing born global firms from France and Pakistan.Our results reveal that these small born global firms use their networks to overcome the constraints to rapid internationalization which has been supported by previous empirical findings. The results also reveal that origin of ties is in both business-social or non-business social settings. Both weak and strong ties are found to have positive impact on the early internationalization; however composition of ties is different in low-tech and high-tech firms. We also argue that instead of country's level of institutional development, composition of ties is moderated by the industrial sector in which firm is operating.

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Parplies, Kay U. "Large global firms and their supplier network : the case of a former East German automobile production centre." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439169.

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Riel, Sotheara, and Carl Tano. "The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on Audit Quality : A Study of Publicly Listed Swedish Firms." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-90949.

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Audit quality is a widely researched topic but remains a complex concept that is difficult to quantify, which is why several different proxy measurements have been developed. The earnings quality measurement discretionary accruals has been chosen as the proxy measurement for this study as it captures small variations in audit quality which is important since it allows for analysis of a relatively small sample size. Previous literature has found that for example client size, audit firm size, firm performance and company growth have a significant impact on audit quality. There has also been limited research on what the impact of financial crises has been on audit quality. The evidence in prior studies has suggested that financial crises could have both a positive and a negative impact on earnings quality and audit quality. This study therefore tests two alternative hypotheses regarding the effects of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) on publicly traded Swedish companies’ audit quality. The first hypothesis stipulates that audit quality improved from the pre-crisis period to the crisis period and continued to improve in the post-crisis period. The alternative hypothesis stipulates that audit quality, in terms of discretionary accruals, worsened during the GFC in an effort by companies to hide their real economic performance during a period of financial turmoil. The study concludes that audit quality, in terms of discretionary accruals, was significantly higher for the time periods during the financial crisis (2008-2009) and during the post-crisis period (2010-2012) compared to the pre-crisis period (2005-2007). This finding confirms the first part of hypothesis 1 that stipulated that audit quality would increase from the pre-crisis period to the crisis period while it rejects hypothesis 2. No conclusive evidence was found in the data that audit quality continued to improve after the end of the GFC. The reasons for the improved audit quality could be that companies are incentivized to improve their financial reporting quality when they have liquidity issues in order to attract financing and that auditors tend to be more conservative during periods of increased business risk such as during a financial crisis. The finding is of particular interest since poorly performing companies in the sample have a lower level of audit quality and companies in general performed worse during the GFC compared to the other two time periods analyzed.

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Kang, Bum-Kyu. "New conceptual framework of cross-functional collaboration for new product design development in global consumer electronics firms." Thesis, Brunel University, 2001. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5202.

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I here have been very few studies carried out on enhancing CFC (Cross-functional Collaboration) for the product design development. nevertheless there is a clear consensus among researchers that this issue is a critical one in ne product design development. Besides, almost all of the research work, which attempted to encourage CFC in NPD situations, was carried out focused on the cross-functional team which is the most effective organisation type to encourage collaboration between other functional groups, rather than the functional organisation, which is difficult organisation to facilitate collaboration between other functional groups. On the other hand, there is still no clear evidence which proves that CFC improves the performance of' design development. Nevertheless, this proof is essential premise to support the value of producing the information to improve CFC for product design development. This research attempts to fill in this gap in the deficiency of research. This longitudinal research has been conducted with complementary research methods: a qualitative research and a quantitative research in the field. As the main body of this research, 15 key -decision makers for new product design development were interviewed and 243 questionnaires from eight leading consumer electronics companies in three countries (Korea, Japan. UK) were analysed. In conclusion, firstly, this research has proved there is a plus correlation between the level of CFC and several dimensions of the design development performance of consumer electronics products. Furthermore, a new framework model is developed and proposed after compressing and combining all vital findings of this research work. This developed model presents three major findings of this research. Firstly, the factors affecting CF C for design development of consumer electronics products, secondly, the priority of importance of these factors, and finally, factors directly contributing to design development performance in several dimensions. Overall, the findings of this research help to people what are valuable factors for building CFC climate and what are prior factor in a quandary concerning, where to concentrate their efforts so as to successfully implement their (TV to improve their design development performance. In particular, the findings of this research could further help designers and design managers who lack the experience and knowledge of collaboration situations in the rigid functional organisational boundaries, which many consumer electronics companies face.

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Tang, Uymeng. "The Recent Development of the Cambodian Garment Industry: Global Firms, Government Policies, and Exports to the US." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1461951888.

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Glavas, Charmaine R. "An examination of the critical resources and internet capabilities for leveraging global performance in international entrepreneurial firms." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/69112/1/Charmaine_Glavas_Thesis.pdf.

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This PhD research investigates the critical resources and Internet capabilities utilized by firms for leveraging global performance in entrepreneurial firms. Firm resources have been identified as important firm assets, which contribute to the firm's competitive global position. The Internet is a critical resource for a new generation of small and medium sized enterprise (SME) in pursuing international opportunities. By facilitating international business, the Internet has the ability to increase the quality and speed of communications, lower transaction costs, and facilitate the development of networks. Despite the increasing numbers of firms utilizing the Internet to pursue international opportunities, limited research remains. Adopting multiple case study methodology and structural equation modelling, the research identified the firm-level resources, which coincide with capabilities in a model predicting how international performance in firms is achieved.

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Burman, Anna, and Ida Stjernström. "Factors Important for Rapid Internationalization : A Multiple Case-Study of Born Global Internet-Based Service Firms in Sweden." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-137477.

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The evolution of globalization and technology have changed the playground for international business and made it possible for smaller businesses to compete internationally among large and capital intensive companies. Markets become increasingly alike with converging product preferences and changing the world into one large integrated marketplace easily accessible for firms of all sizes. Recent research in the field of International Business has shed light on small firms that rapidly become international market players, called “born globals” (BGs). These firms’ behavior contradicting traditional theory, such as the Uppsala Model, which propose that internationalization is an incremental process where firms must gain market knowledge and psychical distance to markets to internationalize. The Uppsala Model describes internationalization as a relatively resource-demanding process. However, the BGs most often have scarce resources, but still manages to enter several markets simultaneously. Previous studies have focused on manufacturing exporting BGs when investigate this relatively new phenomenon. Yet, little light is shed on BG service firms and their internationalization. The purpose of this study is to investigate the facilitating factors of resource-scarce Internet-based service BGs’ internationalization and barriers connected to it. Thus, this study aims to fill the research field of BG Internet-based service firms with more empirical data. The research questions are formulated as followed: RQ1: What important factors enable internationalization for Swedish born global Internet-based service firms? RQ2: Do the perceived barriers to internationalization for SMEs apply to Swedish born global Internet-based service firms, or are there other barriers present in their internationalization? As a theoretical framework, the researchers have combined three main theories, explicitly the Resource-Based View, Dynamic Capabilities and Business Models. Further, SMEs’ perceived barriers to internationalization are included in the theoretical framework as a sub-theory, to investigate if those barriers apply to BG Internet-based service firms. The researchers have performed a qualitative exploratory multiple-case study including six Swedish companies. The empirical data acquired is presented in a case-by-case structure relating back to the theoretical framework. The data has further been analyzed in a thematic way based on theories using the cross-case analysis technique. From the study, the researchers have found that the most important factors enabling internationalization for Swedish BG Internet-based service firms are an internationally standardized business model, human capital, and the level of dynamic capabilities. Regarding SME’s perceived barriers to internationalization, no clear pattern was found regarding the sample firms’ perceived barriers to internationalization. Which implies that more research is needed in this area.

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