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Books on the topic 'Glioma patients'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Elizabeth, Davies, and Hopkins Anthony, eds. Improving care for patients with malignant cerebral glioma. London: Royal College of Physicians, 1997.

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2

Binding distribution and cellular uptake of Na2B12H11SH (BSH) in tumor tissue of glioma patients: Investigations for boron neutron capture therapy. Aachen: Shaker, 1997.

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3

Guerrero, Douglas. A retrospective analysis investigating the prevalence of epilepsy in patients with gliomas. [Guildford]: [University of Surrey], 1994.

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4

(Editor), Elizabeth Davies, and Anthony Hopkins (Editor), eds. Improving Care for Patients with Malignant Cerebral Glioma. Royal College of Physicians of London, 1997.

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5

Sanai, Nader. Low-Grade Gliomas. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190696696.003.0027.

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Low grade gliomas encompass multiple histologic diagnoses of primary brain tumors, most commonly grade 2 oligodendroglioma and grade 2 astrocytoma. This chapter presents a case of a patient with a left temporal low grade glioma who presented with seizures, which are a common presenting symptom for this tumor type. Management of patients with a newly diagnosed low grade glioma typically begins with maximal safe surgical resection for surgically accessible tumors. Surgical planning may involve functional imaging such as with fMRI. Genetic and molecular markers help distinguish subtypes of low grade gliomas, and this subtyping has implications for the type and timing of adjuvant therapy.

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6

Kaley, Thomas J. Oligodendrogliomas. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0128.

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Gliomas represent the most common symptomatic primary brain tumors, of which oligodendrogliomas are the least common subtype of glioma.1 The traditional thinking is that although the rarest, they also offer patients the best prognosis and they are deemed to be the most sensitive to treatment. However, although they may have a longer average survival than most other gliomas, nearly all patients with an oligodendroglioma will ultimately succumb to their illness due to either progressive and recurrent tumor or malignant transformation into a higher grade tumor. Optimal treatment of oligodendroglial tumors, especially those harboring a 1P/19Q codeletion, remains controversial.

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7

Weller, Michael, Michael Brada, Tai-Tong Wong, and Michael A. Vogelbaum. Astrocytic tumours: diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma, and gliomatosis cerebri. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199651870.003.0003.

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Astrocytic gliomas are primary brain tumours thought to originate from neural stem or progenitor cells. They are assigned grades II, III, or IV by the World Health Organization according to degree of malignancy as defined by histology. The following molecular markers are increasingly used for diagnostic subclassification or clinical decision-making: 1p/19q co-deletion status, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status, and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mutation status. Extent of resection is a favourable prognostic factor, but surgery is never curative. Radiotherapy prolongs progression-free survival across all astrocytic glioma entities. Alkylating agent chemotherapy is an active treatment in particular for patients with MGMT promoter-methylated tumours. Anti-angiogenic therapies have failed to improve survival, and the current focus of major clinical trials is on novel targeted agents or on immunotherapy.

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8

Huntoon, Kristin, and J. Bradley Elder. High-Grade Gliomas. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190696696.003.0001.

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Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. This chapter discusses the clinical presentation and initial workup for a patient with a suspected glioblastoma, as well as the optimal treatment strategy and prognosis. Diagnosis is typically made using magnetic resonance imaging. Optimal treatment involves maximal safe surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Surgical adjuncts including intraoperative imaging modalities and brain mapping techniques help improve neurologic morbidity associated with surgery. Despite maximal treatment, virtually all patients with glioblastoma will experience recurrence of their tumor and may be considered for clinical trials or second-line therapy. This chapter highlights important pearls associated with management of patients with glioblastoma and written for those who are interested in neuro-oncology, neurosurgery, and the field of brain tumors.

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9

Taillandier, Luc, Laurent Capelle, and Hugues Duffau. New Therapeutic Strategies in Low-grade Gliomas. Nova Science Publishers, 2006.

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10

Eseonu, Chikezie I., Jordina Rincon-Torroella, and Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa. Unusual Gliomas. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190696696.003.0002.

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Patients with intra-axial brain tumors often present with neurologic symptoms based on the anatomic location of their tumor. Workup for a brain tumor includes cranial imaging such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, as well as systemic imaging to assess for primary tumor if metastasis is suspected. Maximal safe resection optimizes outcomes including overall survival. Surgical decisions are based on variables such as medical comorbidities and anatomic location of the tumor. Gliomas in eloquent areas may require intraoperative cortical and subcortical mapping of motor and/or language areas to optimize safety and help maximize resection. Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation lead to a median survival of 14.6 months for patients with glioblastoma. Rapidly recurring glioblastoma after surgery has a poor prognosis.

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11

Hammock, John Calvin. An Open Approach To Living With Cancer. Xlibris Corporation, 2004.

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12

Cassidy, Jim, Donald Bissett, Roy A. J. Spence OBE, Miranda Payne, Gareth Morris-Stiff, and Madhumita Bhattacharyya. Skin cancers. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199689842.003.0023_update_001.

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Tumours of the central nervous system examines the epidemiology, aetiology, genetics and pathology of these heterogeneous tumours. Clinical presentation reflects the site of origin and rate of growth. Investigation usually comprises imaging (MRI superior to CT for most), and biopsy; requirement for additional staging depends on pathology. The treatment of low-grade gliomas may be delayed if small with few symptoms, otherwise surgery and/or radiotherapy. High grade gliomas may be managed with surgery, radiotherapy, and temozolomide chemotherapy in fit patients. Unfit patients should be offered supportive care only. Brief summaries are provided for management of ependymoma, pineal tumours, meningioma, germ-cell CNS tumours, pituitary tumours, CNS lymphoma, acoustic neuroma, medulloblastoma, and spinal cord tumours. Radiotherapy for primary CNS tumours is described along with its side effects, and chemotherapy for these diseases is reviewed. Brain metastases far outnumber primary brain tumours, with generally poor prognosis, but this relates both to the pathology and patient performance status. Appropriate treatment may include surgery, radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy.

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13

Gruber-Page, Marcia, and Thomas Gruber. Navigating Glioblastoma and High-Grade Glioma: A Patient and Family Guide to Primary Brain Tumors. Advantage Media Group, 2022.

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14

Haranhalli, Neil, and Jerome J. Graber. Pineal Region Neoplasms. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0131.

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Pineal region tumors include a diverse array of neoplasms arising from various components of the pineal gland, including germ cell tumors, germinomas, teratomas, pineocytomas, pineoblastomas, and tumors derived from glial tissues including gliomas, astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and ependymomas. Benign lesions of the pineal gland can include pineal cysts, calcifications and meningiomas. Metastatic tumors can also be found in the pineal region. Numerous infectious and inflammatory conditions can mimic pineal tumors. Most patients present with symptoms of hydrocephalus or Parinaud’s syndrome. Diagnosis often requires biopsy, though some germinomas may be diagnosed based solely on serum and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers.

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15

Lee, Eudocia Q. Convulsion in a Pregnant Woman. Edited by Angela O’Neal. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190609917.003.0033.

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The management and treatment of brain tumors is the same regardless of patient gender, except when considering fertility and pregnancy. Fortunately, brain tumors are rare during pregnancy. Because the lives of the mother and the fetus may be at risk, the care of pregnant women with brain tumors has ethical implications and requires a multidisciplinary approach involving obstetrics, maternal-fetal medicine, neurosurgery, anesthesiology, neurology, medical oncology, and radiation oncology. Chemotherapy and radiation are generally considered incompatible with normal fetal development. Only a few chemotherapeutic drugs have been tested in pregnancy, and therefore most are considered contraindicated during pregnancy. Radiation can have long-term implications for the fetus, including increased risks of cancer and mental retardation. This chapter will review the management of low-grade gliomas in pregnancy.

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16

Letendre, Scott, Jennifer Iudicello, Beau Ances, Thomas D. Marcotte, Serena Spudich, and Mary Ann Cohen. HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders. Edited by Mary Ann Cohen, Jack M. Gorman, Jeffrey M. Jacobson, Paul Volberding, and Scott Letendre. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392742.003.0016.

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The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enters the central nervous system soon after infection; can infect glia and tissue macrophages in the brain; and can injure neurons, resulting in loss of dendrites. These and other processes underpin a syndrome of cognitive and motor impairment termed HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). This chapter principally focuses on HAND, although delirium and other neurocognitive disorders are also discussed and should remain in the differential diagnosis of cognitive impairment in persons with HIV. A differential diagnosis of cognitive impairment in HIV also includes multimorbid conditions that can influence neurocognitive performance, such as metabolic syndrome, vascular disease, medication toxicity, and substance use disorders. When developing treatment recommendations for HAND, initiation of ART and treatment of multimorbid conditions and other neurocognitive disorders should be prioritized. It is important for clinicians to regularly monitor HIV patients for HAND and other neurocognitive disorders since cognitive impairment can affect activities of daily living; quality of life; adherence to risk reduction, medical care, and medication; and survival.

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