Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Glioma diagnosis'
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Marand, Sandie. "Identification et caractérisation fonctionnelle de protéines d'intérêt pour le diagnostic et la thérapie des tumeurs gliales." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10043.
Full textGliomas, particulary glioblastoma, are public health problem because of their dark pronostic. Difficulties to classify and lack of anti-tumor therapy efficiency are due to ignorance about these tumors. To improve diagnosis and also to understand the process leading to glioma formation and so to find new treatment, we choose to study patient sera immuno-reactivity. So we discovered about a hundred of proteins which immune status change between normal and pathological condition. Identifying and studying these proteins, we highlight important mechanisms for cancer and define key targets for therapy. Among these proteins, we studied immuno-reactivity to ten which leads us to define two types of antigens : those which immune status changes with tumor appearance and those who change depending on the sensibility to treatment of the tumor. We then choose three of these proteins for detail analysis : eef1a1, crhsp24, mark3. These three antigens are overexpressed in gliomas. Expression inhibition by siRNA induced a diminution of tumoral cell proliferation, indicating that they are implicated in this mechanism regulation. This essential function makes these potential therapeutic targets. First tests of vaccination toward mark3 show that studying this antigen is of particular interest despite results are not those wished. We show here that auto-antibody associated to glioma presence can be found in sera. These antibodies clearly have diagnosis interest but also can have prognostic interest. Their biological analysis could lead to consider them like potential therapeutic targets
Di, Stefano Anna Luisa. "Molecular markers of gliomas : implications for diagnosis and new target therapies." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066015.
Full textThis work is devoted to the characterization of a specific oncogenic fusion between FGFR and TACC genes in gliomas. Overall, we screened 907 gliomas for FGFR3-TACC3 fusions. We found that FGFR3-TACC3 fusions exclusively affect IDH wild-type gliomas (3%), and are mutually exclusive with the EGFR amplification and the EGFR vIII variant, whereas it co-occurs with CDK4 amplification, MDM2 amplification and 10q loss. FGFR3–TACC3 fusions were associated with strong and homogeneous FGFR3 immunostaining. We show that FGFR3 immunostaining is a sensitive predictor of the presence of FGFR3-TACC3 fusions. FGFR3-TACC3 glioma patients had a longer overall survival than those patients with IDH wild-type glioma. We treated two patients with FGFR3–TACC3 rearrangements with a specific FGFR-TK inhibitor and we observed a clinical improvement in both and a minor response in one patient. In the second section, we developed a non-invasive diagnostic tool by 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in IDH mutant gliomas. We optimized a uniquely different spectroscopy sequence called MEGA-PRESS for the detection of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2 HG) that specifically accumulates in IDH mutant gliomas. We analysed a prospective cohort of 25 patients before surgery for suspected grade II and grade III gliomas and we assessed specificity and sensitivity, correlation with 2 HG concentrations in the tumor and associations with grade and genomic background. We found that MEGA-PRESS is highly specific (100%) and sensitive (80%) for the prediction of IDH mutation and correlated with 2 HG levels measured by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) in frozen tissue
OLIVEIRA, ERICA A. de. "Desenvolvimento de radiotraçadores angiogênicos para diagnóstico de glioma: estudo em modelo animal." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2014. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/23233.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
FAPESP:11/12405-0
Farias, Alana Alves. "Análise da marcação de células da linhagem C6 de glioma com as lectinas vegetais CPL, WGA e Con A." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2015. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/13028.
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Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-04T18:05:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alana Alves Farias Análise da marcação...2015.pdf: 1042656 bytes, checksum: 8c570ad74d5f6150c8fb9527f324b2d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
ntrodução e objetivos: O glioblastoma multiforme é um glioma de alto grau que apresenta um prognóstico ruim. O diagnóstico definitivo é estabelecido pela avaliação histológica, porém este pode apresentar conflitos na classificação, com isso surge à necessidade de ferramentas que auxiliem o patologista em sua análise. Atualmente, maior ênfase tem sido dada a alterações na glicosilação, pois estão associadas a neoplasias, e a descoberta da capacidade de lectinas em reconhecer tais alterações fez destas, ferramentas aplicáveis para o diagnóstico biomédico. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a marcação das lectinas CpL, WGA e Con A em células da linhagem C6 e astrócitos. Métodos: As células foram cultivadas em condições estéreis, a 37ºC em atmosfera com 5 % de CO2 até atingirem confluência. Em seguida, foram lavadas com PBS e marcadas com as lectinas CpL, WGA e Con A numa concentração de 1 mg/ml, o controle negativo foi obtido com adição do carboidrato inibidor das lectinas (D-galactose, β-N-acetilglucosamina e glicose), respectivamente, numa concentração de 0,1 M. A incubação se deu por uma hora com proteção da luz, a análise foi realizada em microscópio de fluorescência. Para a quantificação em citometria de fluxo, as células foram marcadas obedecendo ao mesmo protocolo anterior, com exceção do tempo de incubação que se deu por 15 minutos. Posteriormente, as células foram lavadas, centrifugadas, transferidas para tubos e ressuspensas em PBS para a realização da leitura em citômetro. Resultados: A lectina CpL apresentou melhor marcação para os astrócitos, porém, ainda assim, mostra baixo desempenho comparado com as demais lectinas. Já a lectina WGA apresentou marcação eficiente tanto para astrócitos quanto para as células C6, esta última apresentou o dobro de emissão. Desta forma, é possível inferir que as lectinas CpL e WGA não são capazes de reconhecer diferenças importantes no perfil de glicoconjugados nas membranas das células C6 e dos astrócitos. Entretanto, a lectina Con A revelou marcação eficiente em relação às células C6 capaz de definir a forma celular, mostrando que há uma distribuição quase uniforme destes carboidratos ao longo da superfície da membrana, e ainda exibiu mediana de fluorescência cerca de 99 vezes superior em relação aos astrócitos. Assim, a Con A mostrou ser um marcador capaz de diferenciar as células da linhagem de glioma murino das células de cultura primária. Conclusão: Com base nestes resultados podemos inferir que a lectina Con A pode auxiliar numa identificação mais eficiente com possibilidade de um diagnóstico mais seguro.
Introduction and objectives: Glioblastoma multiforme is a high-grade glioma that has a poor prognosis. The definitive diagnosis is established by histological assessment. However, this can present conflicts in grading gliomas, which justifies new tools to assist the pathologist in his analysis. Currently, it is known that there are changes in glycosylation pattern of molecules associated with cancer, and the discovery of the ability of lectins to recognize these changes made these tools applicable for biomedical diagnosis. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the labelling of C6 and astrocyte lineage cells with fluorescent lectins CpL, WGA and Con A. Methods: The cells were cultured under sterile conditions at 37°C in an atmosphere with 5% CO2 until they reached confluence. They were then washed with PBS and labeled with CpL, WGA, or Con A lectins in a concentration of 1 mg/ml. Negative controls were incubated with the carbohydrate that competitively inhibits the reaction (D-galactose, β-N-acetylglucosamine and glucose, respectively), at a concentration of 0.1 M. The incubation occurred for one hour with protection from the light, the analysis was performed on a fluorescence microscope. For flow cytometry quantitation, cells were labeled following the same previous protocol, except that the incubation time was 15 minutes. Subsequently, the cells were washed, centrifuged, transferred to tubes and resuspended in PBS to carry out the reading on a cytometer. Results: The CpL lectin better labeled astrocytes. However, it showed a poor performance compared to other lectins. On the other hand, the WGA lectin efficiently marked both astrocytes and C6 cells; the latter presented the double emission compared to the former. Thus, it is possible to infer that the CpL and WGA lectins are not able to recognize important differences in the glycosylation profile in the membranes of C6 cells and astrocytes. However, the lectin Con A efficiently marked C6 cells, defining their morphology and showing that there is a nearly uniform distribution of glucose along the surface of the membrane, which was not observed in astrocytes. This also exhibited a median fluorescence about 99 times greater than that obtained for astrocytes. Thus, Con A showed to be a marker capable of differentiate cells of murine glioma lineage from primary astrocytes. Conclusion: Based on these results we can infer that the Con A lectin may be a tool for a more efficient identification of glioma cells in histopathological analysis.
Roller, Benjamin Thomas. "A nanoencapsulated visible dye for intraoperative delineation of brain tumor margins." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42805.
Full textShirahata, Mitsuaki. "Gene Expression-Based Molecular Diagnostic System for Malignant Gliomas Is Superior to Histological Diagnosis." Kyoto University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/124241.
Full textManita, Muftah. "The prognostic value of perfusion MRI in cerebral glioma." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12776/.
Full textCiezka, Magdalena. "Improvement of Protocols for Brain Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy Response Monitoring Using Magnetic Resonance Based Molecular Imaging Strategies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666281.
Full textBrain tumours account for less than 2% of all primary tumours, but are one of the most lethal cancers when “life lost” years are considered. Gliomas are the most prevalent type with a median life expectancy below 15 months for the high grade ones, such as glioblastomas (GBM). The most common non-invasive medical technique used for tumour diagnosis and therapy monitoring of brain tumours patients is Magnetic Resonance (MR), in the form of imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) or spectroscopic imaging (MRSI). However, due to the ethical restrictions regarding the use of human patients for research study, the improvement of diagnostic and therapy follow-up protocols requires reliable models that mimic human disease. In this regard, mainly murine models are used and can be divided into the genetically engineered model (GEM) of spontaneous tumour development and the engrafted tumour model. In this thesis, a comprehensive MR characterization of two GEM colonies, namely S100β-v-erbB / inK4a-Arf (+/-) and GFAP-V12 HA-ras B8, was carried out. A low tumour penetrance found (16% and 1%, respectively) together with stochastic onset of GEM tumours, made them impractical for use in therapy response studies. The latter and the scarcity of low/intermediate grade brain tumour preclinical models motivated us to attempt to develop a transplantable glial tumour model of low/intermediate grade by disaggregation of a tumour mass from GEM. This should allow us to obtain an increased tumour incidence rate in comparison to GEM animals. Gliospheres from a grade III GEM tumour were successfully generated and displayed more than 60% penetrance, when stereotactically injected into the striatum of C57BL/6 mice. However, the application of freezing and cell culture protocols produced a progression to grade IV GBM, which made the developed transplantable model qualify as potential secondary GBM model in mice. Additionally, this transplantable model was widely characterized using MRI/MRS methods, as well as perturbation-enhanced MRSI (PE-MRSI) for a possible application in the future in therapy strategies and development of tumour therapy response detection classifiers. A restricted genetic evaluation of selected murine tumour models (i.e. GL261 tumours, GL261 cell line, GEM and GEM-derived tumours) was carried out using the Sanger method to check for a possible presence of particular driver mutations commonly occurring in gliomas (IDH1, IDH2 and p53). Finally, the work describes the strategy followed for longitudinal therapy studies follow-up and early response/relapse detection in preclinical brain tumours, through molecular imaging methods based in MRSI. GL261 (glioblastoma) tumour bearing mice were treated with temozolomide (TMZ), based on previously established protocols. The expected transient growth arrest (response to therapy) was detected by MRI. Animals subjected to therapy and control animals were followed up by MRSI and pattern recognition techniques (semi-supervised source extraction) were applied. The sources extracted from the region of interest were able to discriminate between GL261 tumours actively proliferating and tumours responding to therapy, based on their metabolome pattern changes recorded by MRSI. Colour-coded nosological images produced throughout and after the course of therapy allowed convenient tracking of response changes and differentiated the intratumoural heterogeneity of response, hinting the growth arrest and relapse, before changes in tumour volume were observed by MRI. The methodology was validated with histopathological analysis and calculation of proliferation and apoptotic rates and mitotic index.
Billard, Pauline. "Maintenance télomérique : intérêt dans le diagnostic des gliomes en lien avec le métabolisme mitochondrial." Thesis, Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSE1303.
Full textThe Shelterin complex, made of 6 proteins (POT1 / TRF1 / TRF2 / TIN2 / RAP1 and ACD) plays a major role in telomeres. Thus, it allows the protection of the telomeric single-stranded end by the formation of the D-loop, the regulation of DNA damage signaling pathways; it participates in telomere replication and controls the accessibility and processivity of the telomerase, the unique enzyme allowing telomere lengthening. During this thesis, my work was organized in 2 main axes, the first, fundamental, was interested in the extra-telomeric effects of the ACD protein (also called TPP1). The second, more transversal, focused on the processes of telomere maintenance in gliomas. Concerning the first aspect, it is now known that the ACD protein makes the link between TIN2 and TERT (catalytic subunit of telomerase) in the telomeres. These two proteins can also partially localize to the mitochondria and then have various effects on mitochondrial metabolism, on the oxidative stress regulation or on the mitophagy process. Thus, and following in silico predictions of a putative MTS for ACD, we hypothesized that ACD could be the missing partner of TIN2 and TERT in the mitochondria. In this case, it then remained to identify its mitochondrial functions. After demonstrating the partial localization of ACD in the mitochondria by different methods, we were able to demonstrate its influence in the protection against oxidative stress. Thus overexpression of ACD reduces secondary production of mitochondrial oxygen radicals and loss of mitochondrial DNA. Oxidative stress causing reduction of ACD mitochondrial foci. Secondly, we looked at the telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMM) that cancer cells acquire in order to override replicative senescence. In this sense, tumors can reactivate telomerase (95% of cancer) or use an alternative process (ALT) based on homologous recombination (5% of cancer). In the case of gliomas, up to 25% of tumors use the ALT process, associated with the loss of ATRX, the other gliomas use telomerase and typically have a mutation of the TERT promoter (TERTmt). These two molecular markers also have diagnostic and prognostic value and are part of the WHO histo-molecular classification criteria. But, 4 to 28% of gliomas (depending on the subtypes) do not have an ATRX alteration or TERT mutation suggesting activation of one of the TMM by other alterations or even other pathways. In this sense, we have developed a test measuring the true TMM based on the detection of c-circles (a marker of ALT) and proposed a patented algorithm (TeloDiag) taking into account this TMM, IDH mutations and the histological grading. The TeloDiag makes it possible to re-classify 38% of atypical gliomas (at the molecular level). It generated a new category of high grade IDHwt and ALT + tumors, not found in the WHO classification and showing a tendency for a better prognosis than IDHwt glioblastomas (TERTmt). Finally, we provided the proof of concept of the feasibility of this circulating test for IDHmt astrocytomas
Taylor, G. Scott. "Design and Development of Oligonucleotide Microarrays and their Application in Diagnostic and Prognostic Estimation of Human Gliomas." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1459.
Full textIpas, Hélène. "Contingent microARN des exosomes, diagnostic et physiopathologie des gliomes." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00986111.
Full textPIGNOL, MICHELE. "Diagnostic et traitement du gliome des voies optiques chez l'enfant : a propos de 19 cas et revue de la litterature." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1M324.
Full textClement, Alexandra. "La caractérisation de la mutation IDH1R¹³²H dans un modèle de gliome humain de haut grade par imagerie multimodale, une étude translationnelle in vitro et in vivo." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0213.
Full textThe integration of molecular parameters in the classification of gliomas by the WHO in 2016, particularly IDH1R¹³²H mutational status, has significant diagnostic impact. This mutation is associated with a better prognosis but the physiopathological mechanisms underlying its expression remain poorly understood. Our work evaluates a multimodal imaging approach integrating multiparametric MRI and multiparametric multitracer PET to non-invasively characterize this mutation in gliomas. High grade human glioma cells (U87-MG) expressing or not the IDH1R¹³²H mutation (IDH1+ ; IDH1-), constructed using CRISP/Cas9 were studied in cell culture (in vitro), in a preclinical rat model after stereotactic grafting (in vivo) and after autopsy (ex vivo). In vitro, IDH1+ tumors expressed low levels of integrins αvβ3 and TSPO receptors which are considered to be biological markers of aggressiveness involving angiogenesis and tumor inflammation pathways. In vivo, MRIs (4.7T) of these IDH1+ tumors showed areas of high vascular densities which were characterized by functional neo-vascularizations, comparable to healthy cerebral vascular networks. Magnetic resonance spectra variations confirmed these results and revealed a less aggressive metabolite profile for these IDH1+ tumors. The combination of static and dynamic PET parameters with decreased uptake and a pronounced decrease in the PET slope of [⁶⁸Ga]NODAGA-(RGDyK)₂, as well as decreased PET uptake of [¹⁸F]DPA-714 in IDH1+ tumors, targeting αvβ3 integrins and TSPO receptors, yielded good diagnostic performances to discriminate the IDH1R¹³²H mutation. Ex vivo, spectroscopic analyses indicated less aggressive metabolic profile. This translational study demonstrates the benefits of multimodal and multiparametric imaging, and associates expression of the IDH1R¹³²H mutation, in high-grade human glioma cells with a less aggressive tumor profile. Validation of results from this pilot study in human primary cell cultures, may lead to a clinical multimodal imaging study to non-invasively characterize the IDH1R¹³²H mutation
GUYARD, FREDERIC. "Les gliomes chiasmato-hypothalamiques de l'enfant : apport de l'imagerie au diagnostic et a la surveillance ; a propos de 23 cas." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1M073.
Full textSommerkamp, Alexander Constantin [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Angel. "Molecular comparison, preclinical modeling and improved diagnostics of pediatric low-grade gliomas / Alexander Constantin Sommerkamp ; Betreuer: Peter Angel." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1241893918/34.
Full textWager, Michel. "Statut moléculaire - oncogènes et gènes suppresseurs de tumeurs - des tumeurs gliales de l'adulte en relation avec le grade anatomo-pathologique et l'évolution tumorale." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT1401.
Full textPhilippe, Cathy. "Analyse intégrée de données de génomique et d’imagerie pour le diagnostic et le suivi du gliome malin chez l’enfant." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112368/document.
Full textCerebral malignant tumors are the leading cause of death among pediatric cancers with a median survival from 12 to 14 months and an overall survival of 20% at 5 years for high grade gliomas. This work proposes some innovative methods for the analysis of heterogeneous genomic multi-Block data, with the main objective of increasing biological knowledge about such tumors. These methods extend works of Tenenhaus and Tenenhaus (2011), who introduce Regularized Generalized Canonical Correlation Analysis (RGCCA) as a general statistical framework for multi-Block data analysis. As a first step, we extended RGCCA to handle large-Scale data with kernel methods (KGCCA). As a second step, SGCCA for variable selection within the RGCCA context is studied and leads to an additional constraint on the L1-Norm of the weight vectors. Then, as a third step, we focused on the nature of the links between blocks, with 2 other developments. On one hand, multi-Block logistic regression (multiblog) enables to predict a binary variable, such as response to treatment. On the other hand, the Cox model for multi-Block data (multiblox) enables the assessment of the instant risk, for instance, of relapse. We applied these methods to the joint analysis of Gene Expression and Copy Number Aberrations, acquired on a cohort of 53 young patients with a primary High Grade Glioma. Results are detailed in the last chapter of this work
Portais, Jean-Charles. "Etude par spectroscopie de RMN du carbone-13 du métabolisme intermédiaire de cellules gliales normales et tumorales." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR28269.
Full textWheeler, Lee Adam. "Multicenter Phase IB/II Study of AdV-Tk, a Gene-Mediated Cytotoxic Immunotherapy, Adjuvant to Surgical Resection for Patients With Newly Diagnosed High Grade Glioma." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:15821599.
Full textSundberg, Åsa Liljegren. "Tumour Targeting Using Radiolabelled EGF Conjugates : Preclinical Studies." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Biomedical Radiation Sciences, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4201.
Full textTumour targeted radiotherapy is an appealing approach for treatment of disseminated tumour cells. A targeting agent that specifically binds to a structure on tumour cells is then used to transport therapeutically relevant radionuclides. The epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR, is overexpressed on tumour cells in several malignancies, e.g. highly malignant gliomas. In this thesis, three types of radiolabelled EGF-conjugates, aimed for targeting to EGFR-expressing tumour cells, were developed and studied: EGF-dextran labelled with 125I, EGF labelled with 211At, and two EGF-chelates, DTPA-EGF and Bz-DTPA-EGF, labelled with the radioactive metals 111In and 177Lu.
The targeting properties of radioiodinated EGF-dextran were first studied in cultured glioma cells. Radioiodine coupled to the dextran part of EGF-dextran was retained in cells appreciably longer than radioiodine coupled to EGF. This can give about 100 times increased radiation dose to tumour cells.
Targeting with 211At-EGF was investigated in combination with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib (Iressa™, ZD1839). The uptake of 211At-EGF in EGFR-expressing tumour cells increased with increasing gefitinib concentrations. This was the case for both gefitinib-resistant and gefitinib-sensitive cell lines. The effect of the combined treatment on cell survival, however, differed between the cell lines in an unexpected way. In gefitinib resistant cells, combined treatment decreased cell survival approximately 3.5 times relative to 211At-EGF treatment alone. In gefitinib sensitive cells, however, combined treatment increased the cell survival (i.e. a protective effect).
The EGF-chelates studied ([111In]DTPA-EGF, [111In]Bz-DTPA-EGF and [177Lu]Bz-DTPA-EGF) all bound specifically with high affinity (Kd≈2 nM) to EGFR on cultured glioma cells. They were internalised after binding, and the cellular retention of radionuclides was high (60% remained after 45 h). A biodistribution study in mice showed that liver and kidneys accumulated a majority of the radioactivity. The EGF-chelates bound EGFR specifically also in vivo. A tumour-to-blood ratio of 25 was achieved in a preliminary study.
Debordeaux, Frédéric. "Évaluation de ligands pour l’imagerie moléculaire de la néoangiogenèse tumorale." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0237/document.
Full textTumor neoangiogenesis is a predictive element of the evolution of numerous cancers. AlphaVbeta3 integrin and matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9) are markers of tumor neoangiogenesis. Their targeting appears of great interest either for early detection, aggressiveness staging of the disease or for selection of responders to new-targeted therapies. In this context, our objective is to develop methodologies needed for radiotracers characterization. Tracers have been investigated in different tumor models for which vascularization is very important: melanoma and glioma. First of all 99mTc-DTPA-bis-c(RGDfK) has been assessed in our laboratory and helped us to develop analytical methods. These methodologies were used in different partnership, the evaluation of 18F-ribofuranose-RGD targeting alphaVbeta3 with INSERM UMR 1037 and CNRS UMR 5255, and 111In-DOTA-F3B for molecular imaging of MMP-9 with INSERM UMR 869 and CNRS UMR 5306.The technetium peptide has demonstrated good affinity and specificity for alphaVbeta3. In vivo analysis in mice showed that both tracers were able to identify some alphaVbeta3-positive tumors. 111In-DOTA-F3B allowed us to detect hMMP-9 positive tumors in mice and in tumor tissue sections. In conclusion, these tracers still require to be investigated but represent promising tracers for tumor neoangiogenesis
Zoula, Sonia. "Lipides mobiles détectés par spectroscopie RMN du proton dans un modèle de gliome intracérébral chez le rat : localisation, signification et intérêt pour le diagnostic des tumeurs cérébrales." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE19001.
Full textMobile lipids have been detected by in vivo proton NMR spectroscopy (1H MRS) in several animal and human tumors. The aim of this study was to determine the location of mobile lipids in a model of rat glioma and to understand their interest and their meaning for the diagnosis of brain tumors. The measurement of mobile lipid diffusion coefficient showed that they are contained in large sized compartments compatible with lipid droplets (. . . ) The mobile lipid relaxation times T1 and T2 are relatively short. Finally we showed through an immunohistological study that apoptotic bodies can be found in the necrosis of tumors. This study allowed us to show that mobile lipid signal detected by in vivo 1H MRS in the model of rat glioma arises from lipid droplets related to severe hypoxia, necrosis, and apoptosis
Lanfroy, de Belly Rénald. "Clinique interactionnelle de la consultation d’annonce de diagnostic de cancer en neuro-oncologie : analyse critique des consultations d’annonce et post-annonce des gliomes malins de l’adulte." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0229/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at describing and understanding the processes of interaction that are at stake during the announcement of the diagnosis of glioblastoma to an adult by a team encompassing various fields of action. Glioblastoma is a serious brain tumor that can be life-threatening in a short or mid- term. The announcement of the diagnosis is of paramount importance in the healing process that is going to seal a relationship between two persons, one who knows but who has some troubles telling it and another one who wants to know while fearing to discover and understand a dark reality about himself. This revelation that is said to the patient and his/her relatives is an engaging act for the person announcing the bad news, the latter being unable not to feel concerned with the impact of his words or to deny his own emotions. For this research, an original scheme was put into practice to announce this diagnosis to four patients who were surrounded by their families and friends. Two teams of professionals were composed of doctors, psychologists and nurses. The analyses, resulting from four consultations of announcement, each one constituted of five philological interviews, showcased the sometimes surprising expectations of the patients concerning the doctors as for their way of announcing as well as the psychic effects of this revelation. The discursive strategies used by the persons present, in an unconscious perspective and even protective for most of them, are also unveiled and enable to give thorough landmarks, especially about the training of the doctors but also the other actors involved in the announcement of the diagnosis
Guza, Xhenifer. "Interfacce neurali biofunzionali: materiali e dispositivi biomedicali innovativi per la diagnosi e la cura di patologie del sistema nervoso centrale." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Find full textMohan, Vandana. "Computer vision and machine learning methods for the analysis of brain and cardiac imagery." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39628.
Full textHERIGAULT, GWENAEL. "Spectroscopie rmn du proton in vivo a 1 ou 2 dimensions frequentielles. Application au cerveau de rat tumoral." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10157.
Full textStiner, Rachel. "Attitudes toward fertility and fertility preservation in women diagnosed with glioma." Thesis, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/17023.
Full textRibeiro, Marta Alexandra Lopes. "Evaluation of the diagnostic and prognostic value of IDH1 and Progranulin in patients with Gliomas." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/32376.
Full textOs gliomas são os tumores cerebrais primários mais comuns que surgem no sistema nervoso central (SNC). Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) a sua classificação é baseada na célula de origem, células gliais, e são classificados de acordo com seu grau histológico de malignidade, do menos agressivo (Grau I) para o mais agressivo (Grau IV), também conhecido como Glioblastoma (GBM). Este último tem origem em astrócitos e é considerado o tumor cerebral mais letal na idade adulta, representando 20% de todos os tumores cerebrais primários. Infelizmente o prognóstico da maioria dos doentes com gliomas, e especialmente com glioblastomas, continua a ser muito reservado. E há décadas que a sobrevida se mantém entre 9 a 15 meses. Apesar de todos os avanços na compreensão dos mecanismos moleculares envolvidos na biologia destes tumores cerebrais, é urgente a descoberta de estratégias eficazes no diagnóstico, prognóstico e tratamentos terapêuticos. Ao longo dos últimos anos, foram descritos alguns marcadores moleculares promissores para o diagnóstico, prognóstico e resposta à terapêutica. O presente estudo focou-se na investigação do valor do marcador IDH1 no diagnóstico e prognóstico de doentes com glioma. Além disso, também teve como objectivo explorar os níveis da progranulina (PGRN) em doentes com glioblastomas correlacionando-os com a sua sobrevida. Várias mutações têm sido descritas no gene IDH1, no entanto, a mais frequente (> 95%) é p.R132H. Noventa e seis doentes seguidos no Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC) foram estudados para a presença de mutações somáticas no gene IDH1 usando em paralelo dois métodos diferentes, sequenciação de Sanger e imunohistoquímica (IHQ). Dos resultados obtidos podemos concluir que a combinação das duas técnicas aumenta a especificidade e sensibilidade na detecção de mutações. Assim, no dia-a-dia aconselhamos o uso de IHQ como método de primeira linha, seguida de sequenciação para casos em que a IHQ tenha sido negativa ou que apresentem características clínicas/morfológicas duvidosas. Além disso, doentes com mutações no IDH1 apresentaram um melhor prognóstico do que os doentes com tumores não mutados. Recentemente, foi demonstrado que a PGRN e expressão do mRNA estão aumentadas em vários tipos de tumores. Também, este ano foi descoberto que a PGRN torna as células de glioblastoma resistentes à temozolomida, agente quimioterapêutico de primeira linha no tratamento destes tumores. O nível da PGRN foi avaliado em 40 doentes com glioblastoma através da técnica de ELISA. Surpreendentemente, plasmas de doentes com GBM apresentaram níveis da PGRN significativamente diminuídos quando comparados com os indivíduos controlo (p˂0.001). E ainda, os doentes com níveis diminuídos de PGRN apresentaram uma sobrevida menor em relação aos doentes com níveis normais. Estes resultados sugeriram que a PGRN poderá ser usada como um possível marcador de prognóstico. Contudo, estudos adicionais deverão ser realizados de modo a estabelecer uma correlação entre o nível da PGRN no plasma e a sua expressão no tecido tumoral.
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumours that arise in the central nervous system (CNS). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) their classification, is based on cell origin, glial cells and are graded according to their histological degree of malignancy, ranging from the least aggressive (Grade I) to the most aggressive (Grade IV), also known as Glioblastomas (GBM). This latter one, arise from astrocytes and are considered the most lethal adult brain tumour, representing 20% of all primary brain tumours. Unfortunately, the prognosis of most gliomas, especially glioblastoma, continues to be dismal and the median survival has remained at 9 to 15 months for decades. Despite all the progresses in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in biology of this brain tumours, the discovery of successful strategies for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic treatments are urgently needed. Over the past few years, a few promising molecular markers have been described conferring diagnostic, prognostic and predictive value to therapy response. This study focused on the investigation of the value of IDH1 as diagnostic and prognostic marker in glioma patients. In addition, we also aim to explore the progranulin (PGRN) levels in glioblastoma patients to further correlate with their overall survival. Several mutations have been described in IDH1 gene, however the most frequent (>95%) is p.R132H. Ninety-six patients assisted in the Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC) were screened for the presence of somatic mutations in IDH1 gene using two different methods in parallel, Sanger sequencing and Immunohistochemistry (IHC). Gathering the results, we concluded that the combination of the two techniques increased the specificity and sensitivity of mutation detection. Furthermore, in a daily practice, we advocate the use of IHC as a first line method, followed by sequencing in IHC-negative cases with dubious clinical or morphological features. Moreover, the patient’s tumour harbouring IDH1 mutations showed a better outcome than patients with non-mutated tumours. Recently, it has been shown that PGRN and PGRN mRNA expression is highly increased in several human tumour types. In addition, this year it was demonstrated that PGRN promotes temozolomide resistance, the current first-line chemotherapeutic agent for glioblastoma. The level of PGRN has been assessed in 40 glioblastoma patients by ELISA technique. Surprisingly, the plasma levels of PGRN in the patients with GBM were significantly decreased compared with healthy control (p˂0.001). Furthermore, patients with decreased levels of PGRN show a shorter survival than patients with normal levels. These results suggested that PGRN might be used as a potential prognostic marker. However, further studies should be performed in order to establish a correlation between plasma level and tumour tissue PGRN expression as well as patient prognosis.
Kim, Anthony Taywon. "Quantitative and Depth-resolved Fluorescence Guidance for the Resection of Glioma." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/26360.
Full text(6597242), Clint M. Alfaro. "DEVELOPMENT OF AMBIENT IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR INTRAOPERATIVE CANCER DIAGNOSTICS AND SURGICAL MARGIN ASSESSMENT." Thesis, 2019.
Find full textPinto, Maria de Azevedo. "Application and verification of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) for the molecular diagnostics of brain tumours." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/35999.
Full textPrimary brain tumours are a critical cause of morbidity and mortality in both adults and children, representing around 1-2% of all newly diagnosed tumours and accounting for about 2% of all cancer-related deaths. Gliomas are the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumour representing 80% of these. Over the past years, distinctive genetic profiles have been identified in several glioma types which have led to the WHO 2016 new classification of CNS tumours that incorporates molecular parameters into the tumour classification criteria, breaking with the previous approach based entirely on histological features. This refines tumour diagnostics and can also provide important prognostic and therapeutic response information. The aim of this study was to apply and verify if Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) can effectively replace the classical methods – pyrosequencing and Sanger sequencing - in establishing the molecular diagnostics of gliomas. Thus, a glioma-tailored gene panel covering 518 amplicons of 19 genes frequently aberrant in gliomas was designed and applied to assess 30 glioma samples. This targeted NGS approach was carried out by Illumina® TruSeq® technology in Illumina® MiSeq System. DNA libraries preparation showed a success rate of 90%. Data analysis was performed using several bioinformatical software and filtering parameters of variants were optimized to reduce sequencing artefacts in the NGS run. Better DNA quality libraries presented more reliable results showing less DNA sequence changes. The sensitivity and specificity of the 19-gene panel for detection of DNA sequence variants were verified by single-gene analyses which showed to be substantial concerning hotspot mutations but not so trustworthy concerning new-mutations detected by NGS. The presented findings showed that, even though NGS application in routine glioma molecular diagnostics can’t be yet implemented, further investigation of this technology is promising since NGS showed to be a resourceful tool for glioma genetic profiling, displaying its potential as diagnostic method which would facilitate the integrated histological and molecular glioma classification.
Os tumores cerebrais primários são uma causa crítica de morbilidade e mortalidade em adultos e crianças, representando cerca de 1-2% de todos os tumores recém-diagnosticados e cerca de 2% de todas as mortes relacionadas com o cancro. Os gliomas são o tipo de tumor cerebral maligno primário mais prevalente representando 80% destes. Ao longo dos últimos anos, foram identificados perfis genéticos distintivos em vários tipos de glioma o que levou à nova classificação de tumores do SNC de 2016, pela OMS, que incorpora os parâmetros moleculares nos critérios de classificação do tumor, quebrando com a abordagem anterior inteiramente baseada nas características histológicas. Esta nova abordagem veio aperfeiçoar o diagnóstico dos tumores e a capacidade de fornecer, também, informações importantes quanto ao prognóstico e resposta à terapêutica. O objetivo deste estudo foi aplicar e verificar se a Sequenciação de Nova Geração (NGS) pode efetivamente substituir os métodos clássicos - pirosequenciação e sequenciação de Sanger - no estabelecimento do diagnóstico molecular dos gliomas. Assim, foi desenhado e aplicado um painel genético adaptado a gliomas que cobriu 518 amplicões de 19 genes frequentemente aberrantes nestes, para analisar 30 amostras de gliomas. Esta abordagem direcionada da NGS foi realizada pela tecnologia TruSeq da Illumina®, no seu sistema MiSeq. A preparação das bibliotecas de DNA mostrou uma taxa de sucesso de 90%. A análise dos dados foi realizada recorrendo a vários softwares bioinformáticos e os parâmetros de filtração das variantes obtidas foram otimizados para reduzir os artefactos da sequenciação resultantes da execução da NGS. As bibliotecas de DNA de melhor qualidade apresentaram resultados mais confiáveis exibindo menos alterações nas sequências de DNA. A sensibilidade e a especificidade do painel de 19 genes para a deteção de mutações foram verificadas por análise individual dos genes, indicando ser substanciais em relação às mutações hotspot, mas não tão confiáveis em relação às novas mutações detetadas pela NGS. Os resultados apresentados mostraram que, apesar de não ser possível implementar para já a NGS na rotina do diagnóstico molecular de gliomas, é promissora uma investigação adicional nesta tecnologia, uma vez que a NGS mostrou ser uma ferramenta rica em recursos para delinear o perfil genético dos gliomas, ilustrando o seu potencial como método de diagnóstico que facilitaria a classificação histológica e molecular integrada dos gliomas.
Delić, Oliver [Verfasser]. "Beitrag der Protonen-Magnetresonanzspektroskopie (1H-MRS) zur Diagnostik und Prognose von Patienten mit WHO-Grad-II- und -Grad-III-Gliomen / vorgelegt von Oliver Delić." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1012988988/34.
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