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Journal articles on the topic 'Glimm scheme'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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1

Bianchini, Stefano, and Stefano Modena. "On a quadratic functional for scalar conservation laws." Journal of Hyperbolic Differential Equations 11, no. 02 (June 2014): 355–435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219891614500118.

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We prove a quadratic interaction estimate for approximate solutions to scalar conservation laws obtained by the wavefront tracking approximation or the Glimm scheme. This quadratic estimate has been used in the literature to prove the convergence rate of the Glimm scheme. The proof is based on the introduction of a quadratic functional 𝔔(t), decreasing at every interaction, and such that its total variation in time is bounded. Differently from other interaction potentials present in the literature, the form of this functional is the natural extension of the original Glimm functional, and coincides with it in the genuinely nonlinear case.

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2

Bressan, Alberto. "The unique limit of the Glimm scheme." Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 130, no. 3 (1995): 205–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00392027.

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3

HUA, JIALE, and TONG YANG. "A NOTE ON THE NEW GLIMM FUNCTIONAL FOR GENERAL SYSTEMS OF HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION LAWS." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 20, no. 05 (May 2010): 815–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202510004453.

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For systems of hyperbolic conservation laws, a new Glimm functional was recently constructed when the linearly degenerate manifold in each characteristic field is either the whole space or it consists of a finitely many smooth and transversal manifolds of codimension one. This new functional leads to the neat consistency and convergence rate estimation of the Glimm scheme. In this paper, by the motivation of the result in Ref. 2, we show that the corresponding new Glimm functional can be constructed for general systems only under the strict hyperbolicity assumption.

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4

Frid, Hermano. "Periodic solutions of conservation laws constructed through Glimm scheme." Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 353, no. 11 (June 1, 2001): 4529–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9947-01-02813-6.

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5

Wang, Zejun, and Qi Zhang. "Periodic solutions to p-system constructed through Glimm scheme." Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 435, no. 2 (March 2016): 1088–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2015.10.070.

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6

Ancona, Fabio, and Andrea Marson. "A Locally Quadratic Glimm Functional and Sharp Convergence Rate of the Glimm Scheme for Nonlinear Hyperbolic Systems." Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 196, no. 2 (July 2, 2009): 455–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00205-009-0248-3.

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7

Hua, Jiale, Zaihong Jiang, and Tong Yang. "A New Glimm Functional and Convergence Rate of Glimm Scheme for General Systems of Hyperbolic Conservation Laws." Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 196, no. 2 (September 19, 2009): 433–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00205-009-0266-1.

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8

Chou, Shih-Wei, John M. Hong, Bo-Chih Huang, and Reyna Quita. "Global bounded variation solutions describing Fanno–Rayleigh fluid flows in nozzles." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 28, no. 06 (May 21, 2018): 1135–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202518500306.

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In this paper, we investigate the initial-boundary value problem of compressible Euler equations including friction and heating that model the transonic Fanno–Rayleigh flows through symmetric variable area nozzles. In particular, the case of contracting nozzles is considered. A new version of a generalized Glimm scheme (GGS) is presented for establishing the global existence of entropy solutions with bounded variation. Modified Riemann and boundary Riemann solutions are applied to design this GGS, which is constructed using the contraction matrices acting on the homogeneous Riemann (or boundary-Riemann) solutions. The extended Glimm–Goodman’s type of wave interaction estimates are investigated to determine the stability of the scheme and the positivity of gas velocity that results in the existence of the weak solution. The limit of approximation solutions serves as an entropy solution. Moreover, a quantitative relation between the shape of the nozzle, friction, and heat is proposed for the global existence result in the contracting nozzle. Numerical simulations of the contraction-expansion and expansion-contraction nozzles are presented to validate the scheme.

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9

Bressan, Alberto, and Andrea Marson. "Error Bounds for a Deterministic Version of the Glimm Scheme." Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 142, no. 2 (May 1, 1998): 155–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002050050088.

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10

Gremaud, Pierre A., and Yi Sun. "Numerical Study of Singularity Formation in Relativistic Euler Flows." Communications in Computational Physics 16, no. 2 (August 2014): 348–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/cicp.221212.300114a.

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AbstractThe formation of singularities in relativistic flows is not well understood. Smooth solutions to the relativistic Euler equations are known to have a finite lifespan; the possible breakdown mechanisms are shock formation, violation of the subluminal conditions and mass concentration. We propose a new hybrid Glimm/central-upwind scheme for relativistic flows. The scheme is used to numerically investigate, for a family of problems, which of the above mechanisms is involved.

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11

Barnes, A. P., P. G. Lefloch, B. G. Schmidt, and J. M. Stewart. "The Glimm scheme for perfect fluids on plane-symmetric Gowdy spacetimes." Classical and Quantum Gravity 21, no. 22 (October 21, 2004): 5043–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/21/22/003.

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12

CHEN, SHUXING, ZEJUN WANG, and YONGQIAN ZHANG. "GLOBAL EXISTENCE OF SHOCK FRONT SOLUTIONS TO THE AXIALLY SYMMETRIC PISTON PROBLEM FOR COMPRESSIBLE FLUIDS." Journal of Hyperbolic Differential Equations 01, no. 01 (March 2004): 51–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219891604000044.

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In this paper, we study the axially symmetric piston problem for compressible fluids when the velocity of the piston is a perturbation of a constant. Under the assumptions that both the velocity of the piston and the density of the gas outside the piston are small, we prove the global existence of a shock front solution by using a modified Glimm scheme.

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13

HOLDEN, HELGE, NILS HENRIK RISEBRO, and HILDE SANDE. "THE SOLUTION OF THE CAUCHY PROBLEM WITH LARGE DATA FOR A MODEL OF A MIXTURE OF GASES." Journal of Hyperbolic Differential Equations 06, no. 01 (March 2009): 25–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219891609001757.

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In this paper, we study mixture of gases, each governed by a gamma law. The system is modeled by the p-system with variable gamma. We use this model to study immiscible gas flow. The main result is that the Cauchy problem with large data is shown to have a solution. We use the Glimm scheme for the proof. The result is illustrated by numerical examples.

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14

Yang, Tong. "CONVERGENCE RATE OF GLIMM SCHEME FOR GENERAL SYSTEMS OF HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION LAWS." Taiwanese Journal of Mathematics 7, no. 2 (June 2003): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.11650/twjm/1500575057.

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15

Ancona, Fabio, and Andrea Marson. "Sharp Convergence Rate of the Glimm Scheme for General Nonlinear Hyperbolic Systems." Communications in Mathematical Physics 302, no. 3 (January 28, 2011): 581–630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00220-010-1178-5.

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16

Christoforou, Cleopatra. "A remark on the Glimm scheme for inhomogeneous hyperbolic systems of balance laws." Journal of Hyperbolic Differential Equations 12, no. 04 (December 2015): 787–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021989161550023x.

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General hyperbolic systems of balance laws with inhomogeneous flux and source are studied. Global existence of entropy weak solutions to the Cauchy problem is established for small BV data under appropriate assumptions on the decay of the flux and the source with respect to space and time. There is neither a hypothesis about equilibrium solution nor about the dependence of the source on the state vector as previous results have assumed.

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17

Abgrall, Remi, and Harish Kumar. "Numerical Approximation of a Compressible Multiphase System." Communications in Computational Physics 15, no. 5 (May 2014): 1237–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/cicp.110313.230913a.

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AbstractThe numerical simulation of non conservative system is a difficult challenge for two reasons at least. The first one is that it is not possible to derive jump relations directly from conservation principles, so that in general, if the model description is non ambiguous for smooth solutions, this is no longer the case for discontinuous solutions. From the numerical view point, this leads to the following situation: if a scheme is stable, its limit for mesh convergence will depend on its dissipative structure. This is well known since at least [1]. In this paper we are interested in the “dual” problem: given a system in non conservative form and consistent jump relations, how can we construct a numerical scheme that will, for mesh convergence, provide limit solutions that are the exact solution of the problem. In order to investigate this problem, we consider a multiphase flow model for which jump relations are known. Our scheme is an hybridation of Glimm scheme and Roe scheme.

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18

Hua, Jiale, and Tong Yang. "An improved convergence rate of Glimm scheme for general systems of hyperbolic conservation laws." Journal of Differential Equations 231, no. 1 (December 2006): 92–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2006.03.017.

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19

Huang, Jinyang, Jinghua Wang, and Gerald Warnecke. "Error bounds for the large time step Glimm scheme applied to scalar conservation laws." Numerische Mathematik 91, no. 1 (March 1, 2002): 13–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002110100335.

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20

Hong, John M., and Ying-Chin Su. "Generalized Glimm scheme to the initial boundary value problem of hyperbolic systems of balance laws." Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods & Applications 72, no. 2 (January 2010): 635–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.na.2009.07.003.

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21

KAN, Hui, and Xiaozhou YANG. "A two-dimensional glimm type scheme on cauchy problem of two-dimensional scalar conservation law." Acta Mathematica Scientia 37, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0252-9602(16)30111-4.

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22

Chou, Shih-Wei, and Ying-Chieh Lin. "Concentration of source terms in generalized Glimm scheme for global entropy solutions of nonlinear hyperbolic balance laws." Journal of Differential Equations 263, no. 4 (August 2017): 2051–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2017.03.039.

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23

Hong, John Meng-Kai, and Reyna Marsya Quita. "Approximation of generalized Riemann solutions to compressible Euler-Poisson equations of isothermal flows in spherically symmetric space-times." Tamkang Journal of Mathematics 48, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 73–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5556/j.tkjm.48.2017.2274.

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In this paper, we consider the compressible Euler-Poisson system in spherically symmetric space-times. This system, which describes the conservation of mass and momentum of physical quantity with attracting gravitational potential, can be written as a $3\times 3$ mixed-system of partial differential systems or a $2\times 2$ hyperbolic system of balance laws with $global$ source. We show that, by the equation for the conservation of mass, Euler-Poisson equations can be transformed into a standard $3\times 3$ hyperbolic system of balance laws with $local$ source. The generalized approximate solutions to the Riemann problem of Euler-Poisson equations, which is the building block of generalized Glimm scheme for solving initial-boundary value problems, are provided as the superposition of Lax's type weak solutions of the associated homogeneous conservation laws and the perturbation terms solved by the linearized hyperbolic system with coefficients depending on such Lax solutions.

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24

Groah, Jeff, and Blake Temple. "Shock-wave solutions of the Einstein equations with perfect fluid sources: existence and consistency by a locally inertial Glimm scheme." Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society 172, no. 813 (2004): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/memo/0813.

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25

Chou, Shih-Wei, John M. Hong, and Ying-Chieh Lin. "Global existence and strong trace property of entropy solutions by the source-concentration Glimm scheme for nonlinear hyperbolic balance laws." Methods and Applications of Analysis 26, no. 4 (2019): 371–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/maa.2019.v26.n4.a4.

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26

Chern, I.-Liang. "Stability theorem and truncation error analysis for the Glimm scheme and for a front tracking method for flows with strong discontinuities." Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics 42, no. 6 (September 1989): 815–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpa.3160420606.

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27

Wang, Jinghua, and Gerald Warnecke. "On Entropy Consistency of Large Time Step Schemes I. The Godunov and Glimm Schemes." SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis 30, no. 5 (October 1993): 1229–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/0730064.

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28

Luo, Tao, and Roberto Natalini. "BV solutions and relaxation limit for a model in viscoelasticity." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics 128, no. 4 (1998): 775–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308210500021776.

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Global existence of uniformly bounded BV entropy solutions to a 2 × 2 quasilinear system with relaxation, arising in viscoelasticity, is established by using special fractional step versions of Godunov and Glimm schemes for arbitrarily large initial data. Thanks to the uniform estimates obtained, we prove the convergence of solutions to the corresponding equilibrium limit as the relaxation parameter tends to zero.

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29

Coquel, Frédéric, Shi Jin, Jian-Guo Liu, and Li Wang. "Entropic sub-cell shock capturing schemes via Jin-Xin relaxation and Glimm front sampling for scalar conservation laws." Mathematics of Computation 87, no. 311 (September 7, 2017): 1083–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/mcom/3253.

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30

LEFLOCH, PHILIPPE G. "HAAR METHOD, AVERAGED MATRIX, WAVE CANCELLATIONS, AND L1STABILITY FOR HYPERBOLIC SYSTEMS." Journal of Hyperbolic Differential Equations 03, no. 04 (December 2006): 701–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219891606000987.

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We develop a version of Haar and Holmgren methods which applies to discontinuous solutions of nonlinear hyperbolic systems and allows us to control the L1distance between two entropy solutions. The main difficulty is to cope with linear hyperbolic systems with discontinuous coefficients. Our main observation is that, while entropy solutions contain compressive shocks only, the averaged matrix associated with two such solutions has compressive or undercompressive shocks, but no rarefaction-shocks — which are recognized as a source for non-uniqueness and instability. Our Haar–Holmgren-type method rests on the geometry associated with the averaged matrix and takes into account adjoint problems and wave cancellations along generalized characteristics. It generalizes the method proposed earlier by LeFloch et al. for genuinely nonlinear systems. In the present paper, we cover solutions with small total variation and a class of systems with general flux that need not be genuinely nonlinear and includes for instance fluid dynamics equations. We prove that solutions generated by Glimm or front tracking schemes depend continuously in the L1norm upon their initial data, by exhibiting an L1functional controlling the distance between two solutions.

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31

JÜRIADO, Inga, Leelia KARU, and Jaan LIIRA. "Habitat conditions and host tree properties affect the occurrence, abundance and fertility of the endangered lichenLobaria pulmonariain wooded meadows of Estonia." Lichenologist 44, no. 2 (February 8, 2012): 263–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282911000727.

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AbstractWe assessed multiple environmental factors that might influence the population vitality of the epiphytic lichenLobaria pulmonariaat the individual tree and habitat levels in partially overgrown wooded meadows in Estonia. A total of 301 trees of four species were sampled at nine study plots, using a stratified factorial scheme, 151 colonized byL. pulmonariaand 150 not colonized byL. pulmonariaforming the control group. We used the Generalized Linear Models (GLZ) to identify a complex of factors which predicts the probability of the lichen occurring on tree trunks and the presence of apothecia on its individuals. We employed the General Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) to study the relationship between cover ofL. pulmonariaand environmental factors. The occurrence probability ofL. pulmonariaon tree trunks increased with increasing light availability and height of deciduous shrubs near the trunk, and decreased with increasing distance to the nearest colonized tree. The host tree species and its trunk properties were also of importance, particularly the facilitating effect of the cover of bryophytes uponL. pulmonaria. The probability of occurrence of apothecia increased with maximum values of bark pH and cover ofL. pulmonariaon the trunk. We conclude that partially overgrown wooded meadows are suitable habitats forL. pulmonaria. However, to maintain the vitality of these populations, a specific management scheme, preventing development of a dense stand, should be applied. Management requirements would include 1) selective cutting of overgrowing coniferous trees (particularly spruce), 2) preservation of adult and younger potential host trees within 10–20 m of colonized trees, 3) preservation of scattered deciduous shrubs in the vicinity of the host trees.

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32

Hu, Chuanmin. "Hyperspectral reflectance spectra of floating matters derived from Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO) observations." Earth System Science Data 14, no. 3 (March 15, 2022): 1183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1183-2022.

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Abstract. Using data collected by the Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO) on the International Space Station between 2010–2014, hyperspectral reflectance spectra of various floating matters in global oceans and lakes are derived for the spectral range of 400–800 nm. Specifically, the entire HICO archive of 9411 scenes is first visually inspected to identify suspicious image slicks. Then, a nearest-neighbor atmospheric correction is used to derive surface reflectance of slick pixels. Finally, a spectral unmixing scheme is used to derive the reflectance spectra of floating matters. Analysis of the spectral shapes of these various floating matters (macroalgae, microalgae, organic particles, whitecaps) through the use of a spectral angle mapper (SAM) index indicates that they can mostly be distinguished from each other without the need for ancillary information. Such reflectance spectra from the consistent 90 m resolution HICO observations are expected to provide spectral endmembers to differentiate and quantify the various floating matters from existing multi-band satellite sensors and future hyperspectral satellite missions such as NASA's Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission; Geosynchronous Littoral Imaging and Monitoring Radiometer (GLIMR) mission; and Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) mission. All spectral data are available at https://doi.org/10.21232/74LvC3Kr (Hu, 2021b).

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33

Hagg, W., M. Hoelzle, S. Wagner, and Z. Klose. "Estimation of future glaciation and runoff in the Tanimas basin, Eastern Pamirs." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, no. 1 (January 28, 2011): 1507–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-1507-2011.

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Abstract. A conceptual hydrological model was set up in the upper Panj catchment, the main tributary of Amu-Darya river. Driven by daily temperature and precipitation, the model reproduced daily hydrographs of Tanimas river at the Rukhk gauging station in a very satisfactory way. Based on two glacier inventories from the mid-20st century (WGI, World Glacier Inventory) and from 2003 (GLIMS, Global Land Ice Measurements from Space), a simple parameterization scheme based on steady state conditions was applied to infer the ice volumes and glacier areas for the two different time periods in the past. Assuming temperature rises of 2.2 °C and 3.1 °C, which mark the extreme values of regional climate scenarios, the same method was used to extrapolate glaciation to the year 2050. The results show that these temperature rises will reduce the current glacier extent of 431 km2 by 36% and 45%, respectively. To assess future changes in water availability, the hydrological model input was modified according to the regional climate scenarios and the resulting glacier changes. The use of an elevation distributed deglaciation pattern is a clear improvement over methods used previously, where the impact on runoff was tested by excluding either the lower half or the total glacier area. The runoff scenarios reveal no changes in annual runoff, because the glacier area decrease is balanced out by enhanced melt rates. However, there is an important seasonal shift of water resources from summer to spring, unfavorably affecting agriculture and irrigation in the lowlands.

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34

Vitorino, Luciana Cristina, Mateus Neri Oliveira Reis, Layara Alexandre Bessa, Ueric José Borges de Souza, and Fabiano Guimarães Silva. "Landscape and Climate Influence the Patterns of Genetic Diversity and Inbreeding in Cerrado Plant Species." Diversity 12, no. 11 (November 6, 2020): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12110421.

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The anthropization of the landscape of the Cerrado biome that has occurred over the past few decades has fragmented its natural environments, impacting the connectivity of the plant populations and altering their gene flow. Plant species may also reduce population size in response to sub-optimal climatic and environmental conditions, and observed distribution patterns may align with theoretical schemes, such as the center–periphery model, that is, it is possible that populations on the edge have lower genetic diversity than center populations, theoretically submitted to environmental conditions closer to the optimum. In this context, we evaluate whether the genetic diversity and inbreeding coefficients of Cerrado plant species are affected by landscape features and climate characteristics, and in particular, if the distribution of the genetic diversity of these plants is consistent with the center–periphery model. To do this, we conducted a literature search for genetic studies of Cerrado plant populations using Scopus, Web of Science, and Scielo databases and the species found were used as a proxy to explore patterns throughout the biome. The data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) and multiple matrix regressions (MMRRs) to evaluate the effects of landscape features and climatic variables on the observed (HO) and expected heterozygosity (HE), allelic richness (AR) and inbreeding (Fis) patterns of the local populations. The landscape was evaluated in terms of the percentage land cover of agriculture (AG), forestry (FO), remnant vegetation (RV), urban areas (UA), pasture (PA), and water (WA) within buffers of 1 km, 3 km, and 5 km around the study populations. We analyzed 121 populations of 31 plant species. The GLMMs showed that HO was affected by FO regardless of buffer size, while HE was also affected by FO, but also by WA and UA. AR was affected by WA and UA in all three buffer zones while the Fis was affected by FO and AU. The MMRRs showed that WA may affect HO, HE, and Fis within the 1 km buffer, while FO affects HO and UA affects AR within the 5 km buffer. In the case of the 1 km and 3 km buffers, however, the geographic distance between populations was identified as a factor determining the genetic diversity and inbreeding indices, indicating that isolation by distance may be an important factor defining the breeding patterns of the Cerrado plant populations. The GLMMs and MMRRs also showed that the mean annual temperature (MAT) and, to a lesser extent, isothermality (ISO) can explain the variation in genetic diversity observed in the Cerrado plant populations. We also found that the center–periphery model fits the distribution pattern observed in most of the species evaluated, including Annona crassiflora,Annona coriacea, Copaifera langsdorffii, and Eugenia dysenterica. Our results indicate that changes in the climate and the landscape of Brazilian Cerrado must be considered carefully to guarantee minimizing the impacts of these processes on the genetic diversity of Cerrado plant species and ensuring the long-term conservation of these species in this biome.

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35

Abdelrahman, Mahmoud A. E., and Hanan A. Alkhidhr. "A new variation for the relativistic Euler equations." Advances in Difference Equations 2020, no. 1 (September 29, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13662-020-02990-6.

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Abstract The Glimm scheme is one of the so famous techniques for getting solutions of the general initial value problem by building a convergent sequence of approximate solutions. The approximation scheme is based on the solution of the Riemann problem. In this paper, we use a new strength function in order to present a new kind of total variation of a solution. Based on this new variation, we use the Glimm scheme to prove the global existence of weak solutions for the nonlinear ultra-relativistic Euler equations for a class of large initial data that involve the interaction of nonlinear waves.

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36

Groah, Jeff, and Blake Temple. "A locally inertial Glimm scheme for general relativity." Matemática Contemporânea 22, no. 10 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.21711/231766362002/rmc2210.

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37

Gallouët, Thierry, and Olivier Hurisse. "Convergence of a multidimensional Glimm-like scheme for the transport of fronts." IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis, July 27, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imanum/drab053.

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Abstract This paper is devoted to the numerical analysis of a numerical scheme for the simulation of front advection. The scheme has been recently proposed and it is based on the ideas used for Glimm’s scheme. It relies on a two-step approach: a convection step is followed by a projection step, which is based on a random choice. The main advantage of this scheme is that it is applicable to multidimensional problems. In the present paper, a convergence result for this scheme is provided for a particular class of multidimensional problems.

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38

Lu, Bing-Ze, Chou Kao, and Wen-Ching Lien. "Self-similar solutions of the relativistic Euler system with spherical symmetry." Quarterly of Applied Mathematics, October 24, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/qam/1680.

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We consider the spherical piston problem in relativistic fluid dynamics. When the spherical piston expands at a constant speed, we show that the self-similar solution with a shock front exists under the relativistic principle that all velocities are bounded by the light speed. The equation of state is given by P = σ 2 ρ P= \sigma ^2 \rho , where σ \sigma , the sound speed, is a constant. It is an important model describing the evolution of stars. Also, we present the global existence of BV solutions for the relativistic Euler system given that the piston speed is perturbed around a constant in a finite time interval. The analysis is based on the modified Glimm scheme and the smallness assumption is required on the initial data.

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39

Hurisse, Olivier. "On the use of Glimm‐like schemes for transport equations on multidimensional domain." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, October 16, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.4927.

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40

Zhou, Xin, Junjin Liu, Qijuan Zhang, Siqi Rao, Xingye Wu, Jun Zhang, and Juan Li. "Comparison of the Suitability Between NRS2002 and MUST as the First-Step Screening Tool for GLIM Criteria in Hospitalized Patients With GIST." Frontiers in Nutrition 9 (April 11, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.864024.

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ObjectiveThe Global Leader Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria have been recommended for malnutrition diagnosis recently, for which the first step is malnutrition risk screening with any validated tool. This study aims to investigate the incidence of malnutrition risk in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) inpatients and compare the suitability of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) as the first-step screening tool for GLIM criteria.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of GIST inpatients in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2019. NRS2002 and MUST were used to screen malnutrition risk at the time of admission. The diagnostic consistency of these two tools with GLIM criteria for malnutrition was analyzed, and the predictive performance of both tools for the length of hospital stay and the occurrence of complications was also evaluated in surgical and non-surgical inpatients.ResultsA total of 269 GIST inpatients were included in this study, of which 45.7 and 40.9% were at malnutrition risk determined by NRS2002 and MUST, respectively. In non-surgical inpatients, NRS2002 and MUST had similar diagnostic consistency with GLIM criteria in sensitivity (93.0 vs. 97.7%), specificity (81.1 vs. 81.1%), and Kappa value (K = 0.75 vs. 0.80), and high nutritional risk classified by NRS2002 and malnutrition identified by GLIM criteria were found to be associated with the length of hospital stay. In surgical inpatients, MUST had better diagnostic consistency with GLIM criteria in sensitivity (86.1 vs. 53.5%) and Kappa value (K = 0.61 vs. 0.30) than NRS2002, but no factors were found associated with the length of postoperative hospital stay or the occurrence of complications.ConclusionThe malnutrition risk is common in GIST inpatients. NRS2002 is more suitable than MUST for the first-step risk screening of the GLIM scheme in non-surgical inpatients, considering its better performance in screening malnutrition risk and predicting clinical outcomes. MUST was found to have good diagnostic consistency with GLIM criteria for malnutrition in both non-surgical and surgical GIST inpatients, and further studies need to be conducted to investigate its predictive performance on clinical outcomes.

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van Strien, Arco J., Bram Koese, Jelle Stienstra, Leo L. Soldaat, and Marnix de Zeeuw. "Trends in abundance and occupancy of the protected water beetle Graphoderus bilineatus in the Netherlands." Journal of Insect Conservation, February 23, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10841-024-00550-x.

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Abstract The European Habitats Directive prescribes Member States to report on trends in abundance and distribution of protected species. One of these species is Graphoderus bilineatus (De Geer, 1774), a middle-sized predaceous aquatic beetle, listed in Annex II and IV of the Habitats Directive. In the Netherlands, a monitoring scheme for this species has been set up to assess the national trend as well as the trend in the national Natura2000 sites. In this scheme, a selection of 1 km2 squares is surveyed in cycles of six years using a standardized field method by professional fieldworkers. In each selected square, five locations were sampled per annum (September–October) by two different observers using hand netting. The data of the first two rounds (2011–2016 and 2017–2022) have been analysed using both an occupancy model and a Poisson GLMM. We found evidence of a declining trend in occupancy as well as in population size. The decreases were stronger outside than within Natura2000 sites and also stronger than those of three other beetle species that are often found together with G. bilineatus. In addition, considerable differences between observers were detected in the data, despite the application of a standardized field method. Implications for insect conservation Graphoderus bilineatus is declining and the decline is stronger outside Natura2000 sites then within, most likely due to differences in the development of water quality, vegetation structure and water management. Further research is required to identify the exact causes of the decline; however water quality improvement seems essential to turn the tide. The study also shows the benefits of a monitoring scheme for trend assessments. The recent decline would probably not have been noticed based on distribution data alone.

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Wang, Feiyue, Yun Wei, Meirong Wang, Zhaolu Pan, Guanghui Jin, and Xiaoqin Lu. "Process quality of type 2 diabetes mellitus care and association with patient perceived attributes of family doctor service in urban general practices, Beijing, China." BMC Primary Care 23, no. 1 (September 7, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12875-022-01838-0.

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Abstract Background Family doctor service (FDS) is a scheme oriented to improving the access and continuity of primary care in China. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management is a core component of FDS. However, evidence on the quality of T2DM care is lacking and the potential association between FDS attributes and T2DM care is largely unknown. This study attempted to assess the process quality of T2DM care in general practice and explore the association between patient perceived FDS attributes and process quality of T2DM care. Methods Total 400 patients were recruited from 5 community health service centers in two urban districts in Beijing. Questionnaire survey and extraction of data from electronic health record (EHR) were conducted to collect patient characteristics, patient perceived FDS attributes (accessibility, continuity and team-based care) and process quality indicators (monitoring and health counseling indicators). Chi-square test and a two-level generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) were used to explore the association between FDS attributes and process quality. Results The utilization rate of all the 12 indicators in monitoring, 6 indicators in health counseling and all the 18 process indicators, was 12.8%, 23.8% and 6.0% respectively. Over half of the patients (56.8%) perceived all the 3 FDS attributes. There were statistically significant associations between accessibility of care and lipid (p = 0.008), electrocardiogram (p = 0.016), retinopathy (p = 0.037) and peripheral neuropathy (p = 0.006) monitoring and each of the 6 health counseling indicators (all the p values < 0.05). Regular follow up (p = 0.039), plasma blood glucose (p = 0.020), blood pressure (p = 0.026), body mass index (p = 0.044) and foot (p = 0.005) monitoring as well as each of the 6 health counseling indicators (all the p values < 0.05) were more likely to be received by patients when continuity of care was ensured. Patients who were managed by a GP team had higher utilization rate of glycosylated hemoglobin monitoring (p = 0.026) and each of the 6 health counseling indicators (all the p values < 0.05). When the patients perceived one more FDS attribute, the indicators they received significantly increased by 1.50 (coefficient = 1.50, p < 0.001). Patients between the age of 65 and 74 years received 1.15 more indicators than those under 65 (coefficient = 1.15, p = 0.003). Patients with more than ten years duration of T2DM received 0.74 more indicators (coefficient = 0.74, p = 0.028). Patients taking both insulin and oral medicine received 0.97 more indicators than those taking oral medication only (coefficient = 0.97, p = 0.027). Patients who were managed by GPs with on-job training experience received 1.19 more indicators (coefficient = 1.19, p = 0.040). Among the patients who had completed junior high school or below, having better self-report health status (≥ 60) received 2.40 less indicators (coefficient = -2.40, p = 0.004). Conclusions Improvement of key monitoring and health counseling indicators might be needed in T2DM care in general practice in Beijing, China. Policies for improving process quality of T2DM care should be considered.

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