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1
McCray, William Patrick. "The culture and technology of glass in Renaissance Venice." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290650.
Full textAbstract:
Venetian glass, especially that of the Renaissance, has been admired for centuries due to its quality workmanship and overall visual appeal. In addition, a certain mystique surrounds the glassmakers of Venice and their products. This dissertation research undertakes a comprehensive view of the culture and technology of Renaissance Venetian glass and glassmaking. Particular attention is paid to luxury vessel glass, especially those made of the "colorless" material typically referred to as cristallo. This segment of the industry is seen as the primary locus of substantial technological change. The primary question examined in this work is the nature of this technological change, specifically that observed in the Renaissance Venetian glass industry circa 1450-1550. After providing an appropriate social and economic context, a discussion of Venice's glass industry in the pre-Renaissance is given. Industry and guild trends and conditions which would be influential in later centuries are identified. In addition, the sudden expansion of Venice's glass production in the mid-15th century is described as a self-catalyzed phenomenon in response to prevailing cultural and economic conditions. Demand is identified as a necessary precursor to the production of luxury glass. Building on this concept, activities and behaviors relevant to demand, production, and distribution of Venetian glass are examined in depth. The interaction between the Renaissance consumer and producer is treated along with the position of Venice's glass industry in the overall culture and economy of the city. It is concluded that the technological changes observed in Venice's Renaissance luxury glass industry arose primarily out of perceived consumer demand. Social and economic circumstances particular to Renaissance Italy created an environment in which a technological development such as cristallo glass could take place. The success of the industry in the 15th and 16th centuries can be found in the fruitful interplay between consumers and producers, the manner in which the industry was organized, coupled with the skill of the Venetian glassmakers to make and work new glass compositions into a variety of desired objects.
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Aleksandrian, Arsen, and Vinblad Emil Sigrén. "Wearables and the potential of Google Glass." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-177323.
Full textAbstract:
The Mobile Life (TML) is a company with great passion for mobile devices that has set its primary focus on developing tailor-made mobile applications. Some of their bigger clients consist of airlines where TML designs, develops and delivers applications, in which travelers who travel with the airline can use to browse through, reserve and book flights. Wearable Technology is being more and more embraced as the future big addition to the ecosystem of mobile devices and exploring what some of the more prominent wearables have to offer is very much in the interest of aspiring companies like TML. To understand more in-depth what it means to develop applications for devices that might suffer from vast limitations in regards to interaction and feedback, we would first investigate what coming wearables could be recognized as prominent. The wearables that we concluded as suitable to investigate closer were Google Glass, Android Wear and various smartwatches. Out of these, Google Glass was the device chosen to act as our platform when exploring the potential of a wearable. A suitable way of understanding the possibilities and limitations of user interaction for Google Glass was to develop our own flight booking application for Glass. The realization we got was that there are various aspects of Glass that limits the kind of applications that can be made for it. The two primary things are the limits of the hardware and the fact that user interaction has taken a step back. From the graphical directmanipulation interaction that we nowadays are so used to in smartphones, to a simple menu system with limitations to how much the user can interact and how much feedback the program can show the user.The Mobile Life (TML) är ett företag med stort engagemang inom mobil utveckling med fokus på att leverera skräddarsydda mobila lösningar. Vissa av deras större kunder inkluderar flygbolag som TML designar, utvecklar och levererar applikationer för resenärer att söka boka och köpa flygbiljetter. Wearable Technology blir mer och mer accepterat som nästa stora tillskott till det mobila ekosystemet och däri ligger intresset av att undersöka vad de mest hypade enheterna har att erbjuda för avancerande företag som TML. För att få en bättre insikt i vad det betyder att utveckla applikationer för enheter som markant skiljer sig från mobiltelefoner och surfplattor i avseende av prestanda och möjligheter gällande inmatning och utmatning av information tog vi fram de mest framträdande enheterna. De mest framträdande enheterna visade sig vara Google Glass, Android Wear och diverse smarta klockor. Utifrån dessa valdes Google Glass som vår plattform för att undersöka möjligheterna för wearables. Ett lämpligt sätt att förstå möjligheter och begränsningar inom användarinteraktion för Google Glass var att utveckla vår egen flygboknings applikation för Glass. Insikten vi fick var att det finns olika aspekter av Glass som begränsar den typ av applikation som kan göras för den. De två primära sakerna är begränsningar för hårdvara och det faktum att användarinteraktion har på ett vis tagit ett steg tillbaka. Från den grafiska direktmanipulering interaktion som vi idag är så vana vid i smartphones, till ett enkelt menysystem med begränsningar för hur mycket användaren kan interagera och hur mycket feedback programmet kan visa användaren.
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Sandgren, Elin. "Leaching of Glass Waste – Structure and Humidity Cell Tests." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388059.
Full textAbstract:
Glass production has historically occurred at around 50 glassworks in Sweden, in a region known as the Kingdom of Crystals (Glasriket). Today, most of these sites are no longer active and left behind is glass waste of different forms (both as fragments of finished glass as well as unrefined glass melts). Consequently, increased concentrations of different metals, especially arsenic, lead and cadmium, have been found around the sites, both in soil as well as in ground and surface water. Between 2016 and 2019, the Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) assigned Golder Associates AB (Golder) to evaluate the environmental risks at three different glassworks: Flerohopp, Åryd and Alsterbro. The results, based on humidity cell tests (HCT) conducted on glass samples from each site, showed that glass itself leached to a surprisingly high extent. Based on this, the aim of this master thesis has been to explain trends in glass leaching by a thorough literature review and through the analysis of HCT data of glass samples. Additionally, the speciation of different metals in the leachate was investigated based on geochemical modelling using PHREEQC. Results from the literature review show that one of the possible mechanisms for the leaching of glass in contact with water is ion exchange, which occurs at the surface of the glass, namely between glass components and H+ ions in water. Additionally, the literature also argues that glass with higher silica content form a more resilient structure, in contrast to glass which contains a large amount of modifiers, such as Na and Ca. Researchers speculate that adding such modifiers to the glass mass opens up the structure, making it more vulnerable upon contact with water. Looking at the total concentration of elements from the three glassworks, the results show a variation in silica content in relation to other elements. In line with this hypothesis, the sample from Åryd, which contained a higher proportion of modifiers, showed a high leaching rate of both Na and Si. Furthermore, the result shows that the leaching of Na and As follows the same pattern over the HCT period for all glassworks. This is, to some extent, also the case for Pb although the correlation is not as significant. This could be explained by the result from geochemical modelling, showing that As tends to dissolve into the leachate while Pb is more prone to forming secondary minerals. Hence explaining their differences in leaching behavior. The result from this study showed no clear correlation between Ca and either As or Pb which could potentially be explained by the formation of precipitates. However, another approach to describe the difference in the behavior between Na and Ca is based on the glass structure itself as well as the hypothesis that Na+ participate in ion exchange to a larger extent than Ca2+. Consequently, the leaching of Na+ makes the surface structure more vulnerable, thereby promoting the leaching of other components such as As and Pb.Produktion av glas har historiskt skett på cirka 50 glasbruk i Sverige i ett område som kallas Glasriket. I dag är produktionen vid majoriteten av dessa glasbruk avvecklad och kvar på platserna finns glasavfall i olika former, både som skärvor av färdigt glas och som ej färdigställd glasmassa. Som en konsekvens av detta har förhöjda halter av olika metaller, särskilt arsenik, bly och kadmium, påträffats i jorden såväl som i grund- och ytvattnet kring glasbruken. Mellan åren 2016 och 2019 gav Sveriges geologiska undersökning (SGU) i uppdrag till Golder Associates AB (Golder) att uträtta huvudstudier och bedömma risker vid tre olika glasbruk, Flerohopp, Åryd och Alsterbro. Resultaten, baserade på fuktkammarförsök på glassavfall, påvisade att glas lakade till en överraskande hög utsträckning. Detta resultat lade grunden till detta examensarbete med frågeställningar i syfte att förklara lakning av glas baserat på en genomgående litteraturstudie samt analys av resultat från fuktkammarförsöken. Vidare har även geokemisk modellering med programmet PHREEQC gjorts för att identifiera olika specifieringar av metaller som kan förväntas påträffas i lakvätskan. Resultat från litteraturstudien visar att en möjlig process som kan förklara lakning av glas vid kontakt med vatten är jonbyte mellan glasets beståndsdelar och H+-jonerna i vattnet. Tidigare studier påvisar att ett högre kiselinnehåll i glaset skapar en mer motståndskraftig struktur än glas som innehåller en förhållandevis hög andel modifierare, såom Na och Ca. Forskare spekularar kring huruvida tillsatsen av modifierare till glasmassan bidrar till att öppna upp glasstrukturen och som en konsekvens av detta göra strukturen mer sårbar. Vid analys av prover tagna vid de tre olika glasbruken påvisade resultaten ett varierat kiselinnehåll i förhållande till övriga ämnen. I linje med denna hypotes påvisade provet från Åryd den högsta andelen modifierare och samtidigt även den högsta lakningen av Na såväl som Si. Vidare påvisar resultatet att lakningen av Na och As följer samma mönster över hela fuktkammarförsöket. Detta kan delvis ses för Pb men korrelationen är inte lika signifikant som för As. En förklaring till detta baseras på resultat från geokemisk modellering, där As tenderar att gå i lösning medan Pb kan förväntas forma sekundära mineral vilket därmed kan antas kontrollera lakningen. Resultatet från denna studie visade ingen korrelation mellan varken Ca och As eller Ca och Pb vilket också skulle kunna förklaras av utfällningar i form av Ca-mineral i lakvätskan. En annan utgångspunkt för att beskriva den skillnad som kan ses mellan Na och Ca baseras på själva glasstrukturen och hur Na+ deltar i jonbyte till en högre grad än vad Ca2+ gör. Som en konsekvens av detta bidrar lakningen av Na+ till att ytan på glaset blir mer sårbar och på så sätt gör att ämnen som As och Pb blir mer lättåtkomliga. Detta resulterar i en större möjlighet för dessa att delta i reaktioner på ytan och därmed laka ut från strukturen.
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De, Cino Thomas James. "A Usability and Learnability Case Study of Glass Flight Deck Interfaces and Pilot Interactions through Scenario-based Training." NSUWorks, 2016. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/948.
Full textAbstract:
In the aviation industry, digitally produced and presented flight, navigation, and aircraft information is commonly referred to as glass flight decks. Glass flight decks are driven by computer-based subsystems and have long been a part of military and commercial aviation sectors. Over the past 15 years, the General Aviation (GA) sector of the aviation industry has become a recent beneficiary of the rapid advancement of computer-based glass flight deck (GFD) systems.
While providing the GA pilot considerable enhancements in the quality of information about the status and operations of the aircraft, training pilots on the use of glass flight decks is often delivered with traditional methods (e.g. textbooks, PowerPoint presentations, user manuals, and limited computer-based training modules). These training methods have been reported as less than desirable in learning to use the glass flight deck interface. Difficulties in achieving a complete understanding of functional and operational characteristics of the GFD systems, acquiring a full understanding of the interrelationships of the varied subsystems, and handling the wealth of flight information provided have been reported. Documented pilot concerns of poor user experience and satisfaction, and problems with the learning the complex and sophisticated interface of the GFD are additional issues with current pilot training approaches.
A case study was executed to explore ways to improve training using GFD systems at a Midwestern aviation university. The researcher investigated if variations in instructional systems design and training methods for learning glass flight deck technology would affect the perceptions and attitudes of pilots of the learnability (an attribute of usability) of the glass flight deck interface. Specifically, this study investigated the effectiveness of scenario-based training (SBT) methods to potentially improve pilot knowledge and understanding of a GFD system, and overall pilot user experience and satisfaction.
Participants overwhelmingly reported positive learning experiences from scenario-based GFD systems flight training, noting that learning and knowledge construction were improved over other training received in the past. In contrast, participants rated the usability and learnability of the GFD training systems low, reporting various problems with the systems’ interface, and the learnability (first-time use) of the complex GFD system. However, issues with usability of the GFD training systems did not reduce or change participant attitudes towards learning and mastering GFD systems; to the contrary, all participants requested additional coursework opportunities to train on GFD systems with the scenario-based flight training format.
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Петров, Дмитро Вікторович. "Технологія оптичних кольорових стекол інфрачервоного діапазону спеціального призначення." Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2019. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/41528.
Full textAbstract:
Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук (Ph.D) за спеціальністю 05.17.11 – технологія тугоплавких неметалічних матеріалів. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2019. Дисертація присвячена створенню оптичних кольорових стекол зі спектральними параметрами – коефіцієнтом пропускання на довжині хвилі 1060 τ(λ₁₀₆₀) >65 %, поглинанням у спектральному діапазоні до 950 нм та технологіям їх отримання. На цей час існуючі стекла лише частково виконують ці умови, або технології їх отримання є нерентабельними для масового виробництва, тому було поставлена задача про створення стекол, які б могли задовольняти ці умови з фактором технологічності у виробництві. Вирішення досягнуто завдяки дослідженням поглинальної дії системи барвників Cr₂O₃-Mn₂O₃ у системі R₂O-PbO-SiO₂ та додатковому нанесенню оптичного покриття. Завдяки дослідженням було встановлено механізми забарвлення з урахуванням впливу домішок-барвників (Fe₂O₃/FeO), а також знайдені оптимальні концентрації барвників у склі. При розробці технології отримання оптичного кольорового скла були дослідженні основні технічні операції та методи контролю якості скла, що дозволяє отримувати дане скло у виробничому масштабі. Розроблені параметри контролю протікання процесів гомогенізації та освітлення розплаву скла з метою підвищення якості продукції. Також були розроблені методики обробки деталей зі скла та нанесення оптичних покриттів. Для автоматизації виробництва даної продукції та зменшення впливу людського фактору було розроблено програмне забезпечення автоматичної системи керування технологічними процесами (АСК ТП).Dissertation for the Ph.D. degree in specialty 05.17.11 – "Technology of refractory nonmetallic materials". – National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Kharkiv, 2019. The dissertation is devoted to the development of infrared optical glasses with next spectral characteristics, as well as the creation of technologies for their production. The spectral characteristics are transmittance at a wavelength of 1060 nm 1060 τ (λ₁₀₆₀)>65% and absorption in the spectral range up to 950 nm. The solution to this problem was achieved due to the addition of the Cr₂O₃-Mn₂O₃ colorant system to the glass matrix of the R₂O-PbO-SiO₂ system, as well as the additional optical thin-film coatings. For production implementation optical color glass a pot regenerator furnace was used. The ceramic vessel with a volume of 500 liters was chosen. The temperature of the production was 1420 ± 20 °С. To improve the quality of optical glass practical studies were carried out. These studies devote to the modes of batch filling, mixing and temperature parameters. Fundamental researches were conducted on the mode of cooling of colored optical glass. For the first time for such glasses the stage of cooling made by inertia cooling of the furnace construction without gas. Due to introduction of the results and improving of the spectral parameters the volume of quality glass yield has increased. The software was developed to control the technological processes of the furnace in automatic mode.
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Петров, Дмитро Вікторович. "Технологія оптичних кольорових стекол інфрачервоного діапазону спеціального призначення." Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2019. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/41488.
Full textAbstract:
Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук (Ph.D) за спеціальністю 05.17.11 – технологія тугоплавких неметалічних матеріалів. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2019. Дисертація присвячена створенню оптичних кольорових стекол зі спектральними параметрами – коефіцієнтом пропускання на довжині хвилі 1060 τ(λ₁₀₆₀) >65 %, поглинанням у спектральному діапазоні до 950 нм та технологіям їх отримання. На цей час існуючі стекла лише частково виконують ці умови, або технології їх отримання є нерентабельними для масового виробництва, тому було поставлена задача про створення стекол, які б могли задовольняти ці умови з фактором технологічності у виробництві. Вирішення досягнуто завдяки дослідженням поглинальної дії системи барвників Cr₂O₃-Mn₂O₃ у системі R₂O-PbO-SiO₂ та додатковому нанесенню оптичного покриття. Завдяки дослідженням було встановлено механізми забарвлення з урахуванням впливу домішок-барвників (Fe₂O₃/FeO), а також знайдені оптимальні концентрації барвників у склі. При розробці технології отримання оптичного кольорового скла були дослідженні основні технічні операції та методи контролю якості скла, що дозволяє отримувати дане скло у виробничому масштабі. Розроблені параметри контролю протікання процесів гомогенізації та освітлення розплаву скла з метою підвищення якості продукції. Також були розроблені методики обробки деталей зі скла та нанесення оптичних покриттів. Для автоматизації виробництва даної продукції та зменшення впливу людського фактору було розроблено програмне забезпечення автоматичної системи керування технологічними процесами (АСК ТП).Dissertation for the Ph.D. degree in specialty 05.17.11 – "Technology of refractory nonmetallic materials". – National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Kharkiv, 2019. The dissertation is devoted to the development of infrared optical glasses with next spectral characteristics, as well as the creation of technologies for their production. The spectral characteristics are transmittance at a wavelength of 1060 nm 1060 τ (λ₁₀₆₀)>65% and absorption in the spectral range up to 950 nm. The solution to this problem was achieved due to the addition of the Cr₂O₃-Mn₂O₃ colorant system to the glass matrix of the R₂O-PbO-SiO₂ system, as well as the additional optical thin-film coatings. For production implementation optical color glass a pot regenerator furnace was used. The ceramic vessel with a volume of 500 liters was chosen. The temperature of the production was 1420 ± 20 °С. To improve the quality of optical glass practical studies were carried out. These studies devote to the modes of batch filling, mixing and temperature parameters. Fundamental researches were conducted on the mode of cooling of colored optical glass. For the first time for such glasses the stage of cooling made by inertia cooling of the furnace construction without gas. Due to introduction of the results and improving of the spectral parameters the volume of quality glass yield has increased. The software was developed to control the technological processes of the furnace in automatic mode.
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Ayyagari, Venkata A. "Surface Degradation Behavior of Bulk Metallic Glasses and High Entropy Alloys." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1062863/.
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In this study, the surface degradation behavior was studied for typical examples from bulk metallic glasses (BMGs), metallic glass composites (MGCs) and high entropy alloys (HEAs) alloy systems that are of scientific and commercial interest. The corrosion and wear behavior of two Zr-based bulk metallic glasses, Zr41.2Cu12.5Ni10Ti13.8Be22.5 and Zr57Cu15.4Ni12.6Al10Nb5, were evaluated in as-cast and thermally relaxed states. Significant improvement in corrosion rate, wear behavior, and friction coefficient was seen for both the alloys after thermal relaxation. Fully amorphous structure was retained with thermal relaxation below the glass transition temperature. This improvement in surface properties was explained by annihilation of free volume, the atomic scale defects in amorphous metals resulting from kinetic freezing. Recently developed MGCs, with in situ crystalline ductile phase, demonstrate a combination of mechanical properties and fracture behavior unseen in known structural metals. The composites showed higher wear rates but lower coefficient of friction compared to monolithic amorphous glasses. No tribolayer formation was seen for the composites in sharp contrast to that of the monolithic metallic glasses. Corrosion was evaluated by open circuit potential (OCP) analysis and potentiodynamic polarization. Site-specific corrosion behavior was studied by scanning vibration electrode technique (SVET) to identify formation of galvanic couples. Scanning kelvin probe microscope was used to map elecropositivity difference between the phases and linked to wear/corrosion behavior. Phases with higher elecropositivity were more susceptible to surface degradation. Wear and corrosion synergy in marine environment was evaluated for two high entropy alloys (HEAs), CoCrFeMnNi and Al0.1CoCrFeNi. Between the two alloys, Al0.1CoCrFeNi showed better wear resistance compared to CoCrFeMnNi in dry and marine conditions due to quicker passivation, a higher magnitude of polarization resistance and significantly larger pitting resistance.
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Simon, Mark Alexander. "Second Phase Filamentation and Bulk Conduction in Amorphous Thin Films." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1302207950.
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Bellini, Federico. "Il sistema Trauma Tracker - individuazione e analisi di parametri vitali acquisiti da monitor multiparametrico." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/11898/.
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Lo scopo della presente tesi è lo studio e la progettazione di un sistema Hands-Free applicato in ambito Healthcare, volto ad aiutare il personale sanitario nello svolgimento delle mansioni lavorative. Il progetto, denominato Trauma Tracker, ha avuto origine grazie alla collaborazione con medici ed infermieri dell'ospedale Maurizio Bufalini di Cesena. In particolare, il sistema in prodotto si prende carico della compilazione del report finale contenente tutte le operazioni svolte sui pazienti nell'ambito del Pronto Soccorso, riducendo così notevolmente le possibilità di errori dovuti a fattori umani.
Durante le fasi di sviluppo e progettazione sono state aggiunte ulteriori funzionalità al sistema, fino a farlo diventare vero e proprio oggetto incantato, in grado di esibire proprietà finora inimmaginabili in questo campo di applicazione.
Trauma Tracker, almeno in queste prime fasi, non si propone come uno strumento immediatamente utilizzabile sul campo e pronto ad affiancare i medici, poiché necessiterebbe subito di qualità come robustezza ed affidabilità a livelli estremamente elevati. Per questo motivo il progetto è stato trattato come un "Proof of Concept", ossia un prototipo che ha lo scopo di dimostrare la fattibilità di tale sistema nella realtà, e di verificarne l'utilità una volta applicato in uno scenario concreto. L'argomento trattato ha quindi una grande importanza, poiché getta le basi di una tecnologia che un giorno potrà aiutare medici ed infermieri a svolgere al meglio l'impegnativo compito di salvare vite.
In questa tesi, è stato approfondito in particolare il sottosistema utilizzato per il riconoscimento dei parametri vitali dal monitor multi-parametrico posto nei diversi reparti ospedalieri. Esso ha richiesto lunghe fasi di implementazione e collaudo per ottenere dei risultati soddisfacenti, che alla fine sono stati raggiunti.
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Tolstaya, A. S. "Google glass." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40504.
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Modern technologies are developing so fast that it is
impossible to follow them all. Google Glass is something new in the
technology – something, that can change our life in the nearest
future. It‘s a child of Google Inc.
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Leitch, Katherine K. (Katherine Kristen). "Structure glass technology : systems and applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/31200.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-73).
Glass cannot compete with steel in terms of strength or durability, but it is the only structural material that offers the highly sought after qualities of translucency and transparency. The use of glass has evolved from purely decorative or architectural to structural, encouraging glass technologies to advance concurrently with increased demand. As a result, contemporary methods used to produce structural glass provide excellent strength characteristics, particularly after treatments including annealing, tempering, and heat-strengthening, which reduce its vulnerability to cracking and sudden brittle failure. Its modulus of elasticity is roughly equal to that of aluminum-greater than both wood and concrete-but doesn't allow any plastic deformation. Lamination dramatically improves both the strength and durability of glass by joining strengthened layers of glass using resin or a polyvinyl butyral foil. No comprehensive design code is currently available to aid in the design of structural glass members. The behavior of glass is examined through a variety of structural applications including beams, columns, walls, roofs and floors, and domes. Case studies are explored to underscore the technical principles discussed for each structural glass element utilized in place of more traditional building materials.
by Katherine K. Leitch.
M.Eng.
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Sturgeon, Andrew John. "Glass-ceramic coatings for metals." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1987. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/34630/.
Full textAbstract:
An investigation was conducted into the coating of metal substrates with a glass-ceramic enamel. Two metal types were coated, a 17% chrome-iron and a low carbon mild steel. The glass-ceramic was based on a complex lithium aluminosilicate glass. The enamel was applied using a vitreous enamelling coating technique, followed by conversion to a glass-ceramic. The coating process strongly influenced the microstructural form developed. For both metal substrate types it was possible to produce coatings which wet well and exhibit good adhesion. Crystalline substrate oxide is observed at the interfaces of these coatings. Abrasion prior to preoxidation is an essential requirement for good coating adhesion on a chrome-iron substrate. The interface region for a coating on chrome-iron exhibits little interaction or microstructural change. -However the coating on mild steel exhibits extensive interaction, with a reaction zone extending into the coating. The marked difference between the two coated substrate types can be explained by the different substrate oxide formed, solubility of the substrate oxide in the coating and nucleating ability of the substrate oxide surface. Addition of adherence oxides (NiO, CoO) to the coating on mild steel was examined. The adherence oxides participate in complex reactions which result in the formation of metallic alloys adjacent the interface. Both adherence oxides promote wetting under conditions where wetting is not possible if they are absent. Nickel oxide is detremental to coating adhesion. This may be related to its ability to cause a rapid dissolution of iron oxide present at the interface.
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Cryer, Jennifer. "Breath on glass : transforming science into story." Thesis, Swansea University, 2010. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42269.
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Scientific progress has historically increased anxiety in society about man's relationship with nature. In vitro fertilisation, cloning and regenerative stem-cell-based therapies have raised fears about transgressive raids on the boundaries which secure human identity. This thesis seeks to explore the power of realist fiction to respond to both the process and ethics of scientific endeavour in a contemporary setting. Breath on Glass, a novel, follows the lives of two young researchers and their family relationships, both inside and outside of the laboratory, exploring the ways in which scientific tensions might give rise to personal ones. In parallel, it considers the ways in which the need for the advanced technology of fertility treatment impacts on their non-scientific relative. In the accompanying essay, the requirement for, and the use of literature to act as a conciliator between science and humanity is discussed and the narrative of science and the narratives of the individual scientists are compared.
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Hardin, Thomas J. 1988. "Kinetic metallic glass evolution model." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120206.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 213-227).
The structure of metallic glass controls its mechanical properties; this structure can be altered by thermomechanical processing. This manuscript presents a model for this structural evolution of metallic glass under thermal and mechanical stimuli. The foundation of this model is a potential energy landscape; this consists of three pieces: a function for the energy of any given stable state, a density of states function across the landscape, and a model for the energetic barriers between stable states. All three of these pieces are parameterized in terms of the configurational potential energy of the glass, which is split into isochoric and dilatative degrees of freedom. Under a thermal or mechanical stimulus, the glass traverses the potential energy landscape by way of isotropic relaxation or excitation events, and by shear transformations. The rates of these events are calculated using transition state theory. This model is first implemented in homogeneous form, treating the glass nanostructure as a statistical distribution; this implementation, while devoid of spatial detail, is nonetheless able to fit many of the experimental results on homogeneous flow previously in the literature. The second implementation of the model is in a mesoscale discrete shear transformation zone dynamics framework; this couples the model's rate equations to discrete points in a finite element model under realistic thermomechanical loading, and propagates the effects of local events via static elasticity. Emphasis is placed on efficient computer implementation of the new model's physics, improving on the previous state of the art with stiffness matrix factor caching and geometric multigrid methods. These numerical improvements produce a 200x speedup over previous algorithms, enable rapid simulations of glass with evolving elastic properties, and facilitate the first-ever metallic glass simulations of physical nanomechanical experiments with matching length and time scales.
by Thomas James Hardin.
Ph. D.
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Blackmore, Katherine Ann 1969. "Sintering of heterogeneous glass powder compacts." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291349.
Full textAbstract:
A modification of Scherer's Self-Consistent model and a new model, the Interlocking Cell model, have been developed to characterize the sintering behavior of mixtures of two glass powders. The theoretical sintering curves predicted by both these models are compared to each other and to experimental densification behaviors. Viscosities extrapolated from homogeneous sintering curves of sol-gel derived powders are transient and cannot be predicted based on composition alone. These transient viscosities have a significant effect on the sintering kinetics. The Self-Consistent and Interlocking Cell models assume very different microstructural changes during sintering. However, differences between the two models can just be distinguished using experimental densification curves of sol-gel cordierite based glass mixtures.
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Hu, Juejun. "Planar chalcogenide glass materials and devices." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/54562.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2009.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 199-213).
The intrinsic advantages of small footprint, low fabrication cost and immunity to electromagnetic interference make planar photonic device technologies a promising solution to a number of key technical challenges. The examples include high-speed telecommunication, on-chip optical interconnect, imaging and photovoltaics. Another important area planar photonic technologies may penetrate into is biochemical sensing. High precision optical metrology tools can be applied to detect optical property changes associated with the presence of biological or chemical molecules, leading to sensitive, rapid detection of these molecular species. In this thesis, we focus on the development of novel photonic materials and devices that address the emerging need in the field of biochemical sensing. Chalcogenide glasses have been identified as the material of choice for sensing due to their wide infrared transparency window; on the device side, we have fabricated optical resonator devices that dramatically amplify the photon-molecule interactions towards highly sensitive detection. We have developed and optimized a lift-off patterning technique for Si-CMOS backend compatible fabrication of high-index-contrast (HIC) chalcogenide glass devices. A thermal reflow technique further removes the sidewall roughness resulting from the patterning process and is shown to effectively reduce the scattering loss in chalcogenide glass waveguides. Using the lift-off technology, we have demonstrated the first microring and micro-disk resonators in chalcogenide glasses, with a record loaded cavity quality factor (Q-factor) exceeding 2 x 105.
(cont.) We have shown that these high-Q chalcogenide glass resonators can serve as highly sensitive refractometry sensors with a refractive index detection limit down to 8 x 107. This high sensitivity agrees with our theoretical analysis, which predicts one to two orders of magnitude performance improvement over surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) sensors. The optofluidic resonator devices are leveraged to detect surface binding of biological molecules. Label-free detection of proteins at clinically relevant concentrations (< 1 ng/mL) has been experimentally verified. We have also demonstrated cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy near the 1500 nm infrared wavelength. By taking advantage of the strong optical resonance enhancement, we achieved 3-fold chemical sensing sensitivity improvement and 40-fold device physical size reduction simultaneously compared to evanescent waveguide sensors, which clearly demonstrates the competitive advantage of using resonators for cavity enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy. Lastly, we have developed a novel precision metrology technique, resonant cavity refractometry, for glass property investigation. It leverages the extreme sensitivity of optical resonators to optical property change of their constituent materials, to accurate extract property and micro-structural evolution information of glass materials. We apply this technique to characterize photosensitive index change and two photon absorption in chalcogenide glasses with very high accuracy.
(cont.) We also report the first experimental observation of cavity enhanced photosensitivity of As2S3 glass to 1550 nm telecommunication wavelength light, an important design consideration for nonlinear optical devices using chalcogenide glasses*.
by Juejun Hu.
Ph.D.
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Dickson, Erin. "The quirks of intimate space : architectonic art practice translated through digital technology in glass." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2015. http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/6496/.
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This research explores aspects of architectural phenomenology as evidenced in the ‘quirk’, described here as a peculiarity or idiosyncrasy of a building’s personality. Using digital technology, this study frames and contextualises a body of sculpture, performance and installation in glass that interprets personal ideas of home through social, cultural and emotional connections. The research is focused on exposing the quirk to anthropomorphise the site, expressing its familiar and intimate nature. Previous research in creative glass has used digital design and manufacturing technology in studies that contribute primarily to the practical advancement of CAD/CAM processes. This new research applies such techniques, but is instead focused on their capacity to record, translate and realise ideas in relation to the quirk of the architecture. This approach translates quirks through data capture to visualise aspects of architectural phenomenology, which is defined in this context as the embodied, personal and sensory experience of space. A methodology which adapts architectural practice has been applied to provide a creative, flexible framework of site selection, discovery of the quirk and its translation, realisation and analysis. The four bodies of work described in this PhD include a monumental architectonic sculpture, a series of ‘window’ panels created using photographic imagery, a kinetic subterranean installation and a time-based performance of the experience of sleeping on glass. The contribution to knowledge can be claimed through a model of practice that utilises phenomenology through the translation of the architectural quirk to create a unique and diverse body of artwork; and the development of original working methods for waterjet cutting and kiln-forming to produce architectonic sculpture and imagery in glass. This PhD offers an example of the application of architectural phenomenology for those wishing to use architecture as inspiration for artwork.
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Blyberg, Louise. "Timber/Glass Adhesive Bonds for Structural Applications." Licentiate thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik, TEK, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-14956.
Full textAbstract:
Timber with its natural appearance and glass with its transparency may be appealing material for architects and users of modern buildings. Glass is a brittle material, but it is about six times stiffer than timber. Combined appropriately, the materials could form different types of composite products, e.g. beams or shear walls, that can be included in the load-carrying structure of buildings. e knowledge on load- carrying timber/glass components is limited. e intention of this research has been to contribute to the knowledge required for the industry to be willing to produce timber/glass components for the market. The thesis includes experimental testing accompanied with complementary nite element simulations, which provide more details and information about the test results. Tests were performed on small-scale specimens with a bond area of 800 mm2 as well as on I-beam and shear wall prototypes. For the small-scale specimens tested in standard climate, three different adhesives were used for the bond line between timber and glass. ese specimens were tested in both tension and shear. In addition, one of the adhesives was used for small-scale shear specimens which were exposed to different humidity levels before the tests were performed. e 4 m long I-beam prototypes designed with a web of glass and wooden anges were tested in four- point bending. e shear wall prototypes were tested by applying either a vertical load, a horizontal load or a combination of these, all being applied in the plane of the shear wall. Of the three adhesives used in the small-scale testing, an acrylate adhesive had the largest strength, both in tension and in shear. e study on the effect of humidity was performed with this adhesive. is study indicates that the adhesive properties do not change dramatically in indoor climate. is adhesive was also used for twelve of the fourteen tested I-beams. e results from the beams show that a signi cant redundancy is obtained; the load at the nal failure was around 240 % of the load when the rst crack in the glass web appeared. e shear walls were glued using the acrylate adhesive and for a few cases a 2-component silicone based adhesive. e results from the shear wall tests showed the shear wall to behave in a much more brittle manner, without any noticeable redundancy.
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Lazarus, Brett S. "Mobile companion to the glass infrastructure." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85439.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 59).
MessageMe is a real-time, location-based messaging system for the MIT Media Lab. Users compose messages that are delivered as recipients are detected at specified locations in the Lab. MessageMe builds on the Media Lab Glass Infrastructure, utilizing the RFID readers at each kiosk to determine users' locations. GI Mobile is a mobile application that acts as a companion to the Glass Infrastructure. It incorporates the MessageMe messaging system to deliver a suite of location-aware features that complement the Glass Infrastructure. These include locating others in the Lab, browsing projects by location, and sending location-triggered messages. In addition, GI Mobile generates project recommendations based on other projects a user has "liked." It will alert users as they pass by recommended projects, helping visitors explore the plethora of projects at the Media Lab.
by Brett S. Lazarus.
M. Eng.
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Ashcroft, Ian A. "Characterisation of glass-ceramic to metal bonds." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306223.
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Brzeski, Ian. "Gas-assisted compression moulding of glass reinforced polypropylene." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3627/.
Full textAbstract:
A new process of combining gas injection with compression moulding was developed and studied in this research work. The process is called Gas Assisted Compression Moulding (or GasComp). The principle is based on the injection of nitrogen gas during a conventional compression moulding cycle. The flow of the material due to the compressive force of the press is assisted by the injection of gas into the centre of the molten material. The gas assists in the flow by coring out the material, reducing the weight by up to 45 percent and increasing the dimensional stability of the component. Novel glass matt thermoplastic mould tools were designed and developed during the course of the research program for use with the process. These designs were of a flash compression mould tool design with a horizontal clamping face, rather than the conventional positive plug compression mould tool with a vertical shear edge. This created a fixed volume mould tool, which when used in conjunction with a short shot of material, would allow the gas to flow the material to fill the remaining volume. Several materials were investigated for their suitability with the process. Their characterisation showed that they contained different glass fibre contents and architectures. A material with a short, dispersed glass fibre content of 11 percent proved to consistently contain a significant gas cavity. The glass architecture proved to be the most significant contributing factor in the creation of a successful gas cavity. The most significant processing parameter in the creation of a large volume cavity proved to be the gas injection delay time. The gas pressure and gas ramp time affected the cavity shape, length and extent of gas fingering. The shrinkage was reduced in the presence of a gas cavity, along with the visible reduction of sink marks. The presence of other moulding features, such as hesitation marks, gas packing and the change in fibre orientation were also discussed.
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Smith, Gary Lynn. "Nucleation and crystallization of lithium diborate glass." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186142.
Full textAbstract:
The magnitude and temperature dependence of both the nucleation and crystal growth rates in lithium diborate glass were determined in the temperature range, 490 to 520°C. Comparison of the nucleation rates predicted by Classical Nucleation Theory and those found experimentally shows that the predicted classical nucleation rates are about 95 orders of magnitude smaller than the experimentally determined values. In addition, Classical Nucleation Theory does not predict the temperature dependence found experimentally. Comparison is also made with silicate glass systems which have been shown to exhibit homogeneous nucleation. Crystal nucleation in the lithium diborate glass almost certainly proceeds by a homogeneous mechanism. Comparisons are made between experimentally obtained values of the crystal growth rate in lithium diborate glass and those computed using surface nucleated crystal growth theory. Although the temperature dependence of the experimental growth rates at large undercoolings appears to be described well by the latter model, the computed values of the growth rates are about 60 orders of magnitude too small. Using a temperature dependent surface tension (obtained from fitting crystal nucleation data) in the surface nucleated crystal growth model partially reduces the discrepancy between the experimental and calculated magnitudes of the growth rate, but produces an incorrect prediction for the temperature dependence of the growth rate.
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Avril, Nicolas Joseph. "Manufacturing glass-fiber reinforcement for grinding wheels." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38432.
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Singh, Vivek Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Chalcogenide glass materials for integrated infrared photonics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/101459.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2015.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 181-198).
Chalcogenide glasses (ChGs) are amorphous compounds containing the chalcogen elements (S, Se, Te) and exhibit wide infrared transparency windows. They are easy to synthesize in bulk and thin film forms and their compositional flexibility allows tuning of optical properties such as refractive index making them ideal for infrared photonics. We have studied the material attenuation in ChGs that arises due to the presence of impurities in the raw materials and established UV photolithography-based process flows that enable fabrication of chalcogenide glass waveguides and microresonators for near- and mid-IR wavelength ranges. Waveguides and optical resonators are key microphotonic elements for many on-chip applications such as telecommunications and chemical sensing. In this thesis, we show that scattering losses dominate in our ChG microphotonic devices while material attenuation from impurities is low. We demonstrate resonators coated with nanoporous polymers to improve their selectivity against target analytes for sensing applications. We exploit the photosensitivity of As2S3 glass to build silicon-based tunable photonic devices that offer post-fabrication tuning to optimize performance. Resonators also serve as a test platform for studying the effects of radiation on silicon and chalcogenide materials systems. Further, we propose new mid-IR microphotonic device designs using ChG materials and the challenges associated with measuring mid-IR devices along with solutions to address them. We employ input-to-output offsets, standard tapered waveguides, and a fiber collimator to improve mid-IR measurements and demonstrate transparent ChG waveguides with losses as low as 2.5 dB/cm. Finally, we propose a novel design that integrates PbTe detectors with ChG waveguides for on-chip mid-IR detection. Our simulations show that the use of a low-index spacer layer leads to a well-distributed field along the width of the detector due to a reduction in the effective index of the structure. We develop a fabrication process for waveguide-integrated detector designs and fabricate prototype structures that exhibit attenuation at telecom and mid-IR wavelengths. Such an integrated sensor design will enable the creation and deployment of low-cost remote sensor arrays with small footprints, and ultimately lead to "lab-on-a-chip" structures.
by Vivek Singh.
Ph. D.
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Fabes, Brian David. "Strengthening of glass by sol-gel coatings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14699.
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Merchant, Ian James. "English Medieval glass-making technology : scientific analysis of the evidence." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3464/.
Full textAbstract:
This scientific analysis of evidence excavated from glass-making sites, Blunden's Wood (c. 1330 AD), Knightons (c. 1550 AD) and Sidney Wood (1600 - 1620 AD), has provided further understanding of the technology used to produce `forest' glass in England between the fourteenth and seventeenth centuries. The influx of immigrant glass-makers into England during this time, especially during the sixteenth century, had a large impact on the English glass industry. The production of `forest' glass used ash and sand as the raw ingredients in the glass batch. This work demonstrated that it was possible to determine the correlation between certain components in the glass, and therefore, determine which components entered the batch from the sand, and those that entered from the ash. This work hinted that oak ash was used in preference to beech. In addition to this, it appeared that fritting did take place, from the evidence from Blunden's Wood, at a temperature in the region of 900 °C. This frit was then melted at a temperature that may have been as high as 1300 °C. The changes in glass technology began to take place during the middle of the sixteenth century, and in the first quarter of the seventeenth century the `forest' glass industry ceased. The move to coal-fired furnaces, the higher demand for glass and the improvement in quality of glass all contributed to the expansion and migration of the industry that was seen at the start of the seventeenth century.
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Cohen, Josh. "Google Glass and Our Quest for Meaning." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/726.
Full textAbstract:
The recent invention of Google Glass has prompted me to contemplate how future technologies will affect the way we interact with one another. In this paper, I argue that Google Glass technology is the first sort of technology that will facilitate us to violate our genuine interactions with one another in a face-to-face setting. Once we diminish these types of interactions, we fail to respect one another on a fundamental level and as a result, we fail to genuinely pursue one of the most important classes of meaningful projects in our lives: developing and maintaining relationships.
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Ducroux, Jean-Patrick. "Glass transition in thermorheologically complex materials." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1057760912.
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Allred, Clark L. (Clark Lane) 1972. "Effect of radiation on silicon and borosilicate glass." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29965.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 245-255).
A study was made that is logically divided into two parts, both involving radiation damage effects. The first is a study of the effects of neutron and gamma radiation on the dimensions of two borosilicate glasses, Pyrex® and Hova SD-2®. These two glasses are commonly used as substrates for silicon microelectromechanical (MEMS) devices, and radiation-induced compaction in a substra.te can have deleterious effects on device performance. Results are presented for density changes induced in both glasses by neutron irradiation. Pyrex was shown to compact at a rate of (in [delta]p[rho]/p[rho] per n/cm2Ì) 8.14 x 10-Ì20 (thermal) and 1.79 x 10-Ì20 (fast). The corresponding results for Hoya SD-2 were 2.21 x 10-Ì21 and 1.71 x 10-Ì21, respectively. On a displacement per atom (dpa) basis, the compaction of the Pyrex was an order of magnitude greater than that of the Hoya SD-2. Our results are the first reported measurement of irridiation-induced densification in Hoya SD-2. The compaction of Pyrex agreed with a previous study. Our results for gamma irradiations were unexpected. Silicon MEMS strain gauges mounted on glass wafers were gamma-irradiated to hundreds of Mrad. Based on expectations from the literature, the Pyrex was supposed to compact to a level easily measurable by the MEMS strain gauges. Almost no substrate compaction registered in the strain gauges, however. It is hypothesized that the anodic bonding process (by which a silicon wafer was bonded to the glass before etching to create the MEMS strain gauges) was responsible for either 1) changing the bulk radiation response of the glass or 2) creating a layer near the bond interface which somehow prevented the MEMS strain gauges from registering the compaction that was occurring in the glass substrate. While not yet understood, this null result for apparent substrate compaction is of great importance to the problem of mechanically rad-hard MEMS, since it indicates that the response of an anodically bonded Si-glass system to radiation is not simply the sum of the effects on the unbonded materials. To investigate this further, glass samples were prepared in various stages of the anodic bonding process (which involves heating in the presence of an electric field), then irradiated with neutrons. No difference in bulk compaction was noted among the
(cont.) treated samples or the untreated glass, but this result may have been influenced by the high temperature at which the glass was irradiated; however, temperature alone could not have annealed away all the effects of treatment. We conclude that the unexpected results of the MEMS strain gauge experiment were caused by surface layer phenomena at the bonding interface, though we do not currently understand the exact mechanism for this. The second major topic of this study is the effect of neutron irradiation on the Young's modulus of silicon, the constancy of which is key to the operation of many MEMS devices. The elastic constants of defected and amorphous silicon simulation cells were calculated using EDIP. Simulation cells included some containing randomly generated defect distributions, as well as several that were completely amorphous and one containing a small amorphous region. An extensive and careful characterization of point defects was made ...
by Clark L. Allred.
Ph.D.
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Chao, Michelle (Michelle L. ). "Hydrophobic nanostructured glass surfaces using metal dewetting process." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111342.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 18).
This project aims to create a hydrophobic surface through a top down fabrication process of a nanostructure surface on a glass surface. The nanostructure is created through reactive ion etching utilizing silver as a mask. The silver mask is the result of a solid state thermal dewetting process which is controlled by varying the temperature and time of the process. Using this fabrication process, contact angles up to 137 degrees was achieved. Further surface modification resulted in contact angles exceeding 150 degrees. Superhydrophobic surfaces were made with the addition of a secondary roughness feature and the a PDMS coating.
by Michelle Chao.
S.B.
31
Burnett, L. "Through the weather glass." Thesis, University of Salford, 2013. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/29511/.
Full textAbstract:
This Creative Writing thesis argues for the need to rethink our understanding of climate change and focuses on the response of creative writers to this phenomenon, whilst also offering its own creative contribution. The critical component aims at articulating a post-climate change poetics. It reviews the mainstream literature in popular science writing, fiction and poetry from the point of view of a political frame-analysis of climate change, to demonstrate how a certain understanding of climate change maps onto conventions of literary genre. The thesis takes the view that many mainstream literary attempts to negotiate climate change are compromised by the teleological way in which they conceive of the phenomenon. As an alternative position, it draws on the work of climatologist Mike Hulme and physicist and cultural theorist Karen Barad to encourage participation in climate change as a condition for negotiating its meaning. Lewis Carroll’s Through the Looking Glass is proposed as a model for literary production informed by this poetics and as a model for the author’s own creative practice. The creative component of this thesis is an intra-generic text presenting the fictionalised narrative of a cycle expedition the author made from Salford to the Greek island of Ikaria in the summer of 2010. This substantial work aims to interrogate, imagine, and enquire into the epistemology of a post-climate change world.
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Sjögren, Anders. "Failure behaviour of polypropylene/glass bead composites." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, 1995. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-18681.
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Parasoglou, Martha. "Fire and sand: an archaeometric analysis of the roman architectonic glass found during the excavation of Lamia’s Gardens." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/31409.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract:
This thesis presents the results of an archaeometric research performed, through a multi-analytical approach, on a series of Roman architectonic glasses dated from the second half of the 1st to the 2nd century AD and excavated in Lamia’s Gardens, located in Rome. Chemical analyses of glass samples of different colours were performed to define the glass-making technology and study the raw material provenance. Optical microscopy and SEM-EDS were used to identify homogeneity and glass morphological features like bubbles, inclusions and corrosion. Chemical analysis was performed by SEM-EDS and EMPA for major and minor elements, whereas trace elements were analysed by means of LA-ICP-MS. The results obtained show that all the samples analysed have the typical composition of natron-lime-silica glass. Furthermore, the comparison between the samples analysed and known compositions of Roman glass demonstrated that the raw glass was produced in two different locations, possibly in Egypt and on the Syro-Palestinian coast.
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Lee, Brian. "Novel technology for the low temperature fabrication of TFTs on glass." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268181.
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Newport, Anne Christine. "The sol-gel synthesis of anti-Stokes luminescent glass materials." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2000. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6257/.
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The materials commonly used and the synthetic problems that arise in the field of transparent glass materials with anti-Stokes luminescent properties are described. The literature has shown that rare earth doped oxide glasses, whilst chemically durable and relatively easy to manufacture, have weak anti-Stokes emissions, whereas rare earth doped fluoride materials have considerably improved anti-Stokes luminescence but are less chemically stable and highly reactive. Recent interest in glass ceramics has proposed alternative matrices with the advantages of both fluoride and oxide host materials. These materials consist of rare earth doped fluoride crystallites in an oxide glass matrix giving the emission characteristics of a fluoride crystal protected in the stable surroundings of an oxide matrix. The work in this thesis initially set out to build on these lattices but broadened in the light of the findings outlined below. The synthesis of silica based glasses using sol-gel techniques is covered thoroughly in this work and the incorporation of various cations into these matrices has been investigated. Amongst the cations added to silica sol-gel reactions are titania, alumina and yttrium. Their reactions and the factors that promote transparent and crystallite-free samples have been reported and discussed. Several advances in this field have been made including a detailed investigation into the synthesis and properties of yttrium based sol-gel reactions which have not been previously reported. The incorporation of fluorine into these materials has also been described and the various problems encountered have been examined. Several novel methods of incorporating fluoride ions into silica lattices are proposed and examined. It was found that in the presence of fluoride ions, the rare earth dopants form crystallites within the glass matrix. In a similar way, it was found that glass ceramics also formed when a titanium alkoxide is incorporated with fluoride ions during the sol-gel synthesis of these lattices. In these cases it was shown that TiO2 in the form of anatase or rutile crystallites can be grown in the glass matrix. Moreover the phase of TiCb grown can be easily controlled by choice of annealing temperature and firing times. Distinct anti-Stokes emissions are produced depending upon the form of titania present. These new materials are reported and discussed.
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Schutz, James Branch. "Test methods and analysis for glass-ceramic matrix composites." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13711.
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Nammour, Daniel E. "Fabrication of glass-ceramic components via three dimensional printing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11144.
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Beatty, Kirk Matthew 1962. "Processing of copper aluminosilicate glasses to produce glass-copper structures." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278284.
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Copper aluminosilicate (composition Cu₂O·Al₂O₃·6SiO₂) glass was melted in an alumina crucible at 1500°C and air cooled in situ. A layer of cupric oxide was grown on the polished glass surface and its thickness measured using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The thickness of the oxide layer was found to increase parabolically with time, with a temperature dependency that was compatible with the diffusion of copper through the layer. The cupric oxide layer was reduced to copper on roughened and polished glass surfaces using a gas mixture of 3% H₂ and 97% N₂, resulting in a glass substrate coated by copper. Adherence of the copper layer to the polished glass substrate was found to be poor. However, adherence was found to increase by roughening the surface before oxidation. Additions of NiO and CaO to the base glass were not detrimental to the production of the copper film.
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Osborne, Zoe Ann. "Nucleation kinetics of phase separation in a sodium silicate glass." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284320.
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This study was undertaken with the goal of comparing the calculated nucleation rate for phase separation with experimental measurements for a simple glass system. The magnitude and the temperature dependence of the nucleation rate for a sodium silicate glass composition in the binodal regime was calculated. These calculations used a minimum of assumptions in order to determine the limits on certain thermodynamic variables, chiefly surface energy. Many of the values used in these calculations were determined from growth and coarsening measurements made on this system. Nucleation rates, as well as growth and coarsening rates, were then measured in this system for this comparison to theory. It was found that the free energy of mixing models are unable to predict nucleation behavior at temperatures near the immiscibility boundary. In addition, these models predict that the nucleating composition lies outside of the binodal. Although the values measured for the activation energy correspond well to those in the literature, their incorporation into the nucleation expression does not correct for the temperature behavior of the free energy of mixing. It is also unlikely that a temperature dependent surface energy term could account for the poor predictive nature of classical nucleation theory at small undercoolings.
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Tarlov, Jessica. "Through the looking glass : controversy, scandal and political careers." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/561/.
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This work measures whether MPs are held individually accountable for their actions through a novel analysis of the 1997 and 2010 UK general elections. Previous research suggests that MPs’ behaviour has little effect on their careers; however, developments in the media’s aggressive reporting style, the rise of personality politics and decline in traditional voting patterns indicate that this is an opportune time to examine the effect of political controversies (including scandals) on MPs’ careers. This analysis focuses on three crucial stages that form a chain of accountability: (1) exposure: the media publicises the controversy and a perception is formed; (2) internal sanction: an MP retires before an election; (3) electoral sanction: voters punish MPs at the polls. Data on MP-specific controversies between the 1992 and 1997 and the 2005 and 2010 elections was sourced from The Times, The Guardian, The Daily Telegraph and their respective Sunday editions. This work also contains an original analysis of the 2009–2010 MP expenses scandal that utilises British Election Study panel survey data to examine how information on MP malfeasance affects voters’ perceptions of MPs. The findings indicate that political controversy is linked to whether an MP retires, with those MPs from the governing party driving the result in both the 1997 and 2010 elections. Overall, voters do not hold MPs responsible for their actions at the polls. Analysis of the expenses scandal supports these general findings: constituent perceptions of their MPs’ expenses behaviour respond to public information, but do not translate into election results. Internal sanction is shown to be the most powerful form of political accountability in the chain. While identifying any individual MP accountability is novel, the overall results are in line with traditional analyses of the strength of party politics, and indicate the importance of electoral system design for accountability.
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Sivasundaram, Mathumathi. "Glass ceramics from pulp and paper waste ash." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0032/MQ64248.pdf.
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Bates, Philip J. "Melt impregnation of glass roving in a thermoplastic pultrusion compounding process." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41328.
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Long-fibre reinforced thermoplastics are one of the fastest growing segments in the composites industry. Thermoplastic pultrusion compounding is one of the techniques used to manufacture this injection mouldable material. The pultrusion compounding process used in this research consists of pulling a continuous glass roving over a series of staggered cylindrical pins immersed in a molten thermoplastic bath.This research reports on the effect of several key pultrusion compounding parameters (roving pulling speed, number and diameter of pins, melt temperature and initial roving tension) on the impregnation of nylon 6.6 melt into glass roving. The interlaminar shear strength of pultruded strands and compression moulded test bars, as well as optical microscopy, void fraction measurements and injection moulded specimen physical properties are used to quantify impregnation. Simple mathematical models have been developed to simulate the effect of processing parameters on melt impregnation. Good qualitative agreement between the model and experimental data is observed.
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Aasrum, Pål Einar. "A numerical and experimental investigation of glass fibre reinforced epoxy pipes /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0016/MQ55014.pdf.
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Huang, Chung-Che. "Development of germanium based sulphide glass by chemical vapour deposition (CVD)." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/65505/.
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Chalcogenide glasses, especially sulphide glasses, are becoming more and more important for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices in part because of the high nonlinearity, strong photosensitivity and several other unique properties they have. Chalcogenide glasses are normally fabricated by a conventional melt-quenching method. The glasses are then further processed to form, for example, thin films, optical fibre and optoelectronic devices. /°C. The purity of germanium sulphide bulk glass bas been determined by a glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS) technique and an exceptionally low level of transition metal impurities in this glass have been achieved.
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Singh, Peter. "Molding behaviour and microstructure of injection molded short glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composites." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74240.
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Injection molded Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics (SFRTP) are widely used in industry because of advantages in material properties, availability, economics and ease of processing. The thermo-mechanical history experienced by the material during processing produces significantly anisotropic microstructural and consequently mechanical properties, varying not only spatially, but directionally.This work attempts to examine quantitatively various aspects of microstructure and the effect of processing conditions in SFRTP. The matrix phase properties, such as crystallinity, morphology and molecular orientation distribution, as well as the fiber phase microstructure such as concentration, length and orientation distributions have been analyzed quantitatively, and explained. Experimental techniques, including optical and electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermo-gravimetric analysis, etc. have been used. The results indicate complex changes in microstructure from skin to core in the injection molded samples. Both matrix and fiber phase microstructures are affected by the basic thermal and flow processes that occur during the injection molding process. A first order model has been developed to predict fiber orientation distributions, which agree well with the experimental results.
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Siff, Sarah. "Atomic Roaches and Test-tube Babies: Bentley Glass and Science Communication." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1339001805.
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Grande, Dodd Harrison. "Testing and properties of high temperature glass-ceramic matrix composites." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14952.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 1987.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND SCIENCE.
Bibliography: leaves 109-118.
by Dodd Harrison Grande.
Ph.D.
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Asbury, Donald James. "Integrating science and technology." Montana State University, 2012. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2012/asbury/AsburyD0812.pdf.
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Science plays an important role in students' education, even when time is limited by restrictions from other subject areas such as reading and mathematics. In this study, students' computer classes were integrated with a current and relevant science topic (alternative energy resources) to gauge 1) whether students were able to better understand the content presented and 2) how their attitudes towards science were affected by the science instruction. Students completed nine lessons that focused on the use, benefits, and drawbacks of two types of alternative energy: wind energy and algae biofuel. Each lesson was integrated with technology-based activities to enhance student understanding. Student interviews, unit pretests and posttests, journals entries, and attitude surveys were used to monitor student learning and progress throughout the project. The data collection indicated that students came into the project with little science background knowledge and an average interest in science. As the study progressed, students developed a deeper understanding of alternative energy resources. Student attitudes towards the science learning process improved a small amount as well. At the conclusion of the study, all of the students had increased scores on the content tests and most students had small increases on the attitude measures.
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Samusenko, Ihor, and Kseniia Kuhai. "Science and technology development." Thesis, СПД "Охотнік", 2020. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15979.
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The work deals with the issue of science and technology development. The main purpose of science and technology is to free a person from performing physically difficult or routine work in order to improve the efficiency and productivity of work, the rational use of natural resources, as well as reducing chance of human error when performing complex operations.
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Yatsuk, Oleh. "6th century BC glass beads from Southern Ukraine: raw materials and technology." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/23810.
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The aim of this study is to establish the nature of the remains of the glass industry found at the ancient Greek archaeological site on the Yahorlyk bay shore (North Black Sea region, Ukraine), dated to the 7th-5th centuries BCE. A multi-analytical, non-destructive approach that compares the chemical and mineralogical composition of glass fragments with that of sand collected in the vicinity of the archaeological site was used in order to determine the local or non-local origin of the glass artefacts. To this end, a comprehensive characterization of all the materials was performed by means of XRF, VP-SEM-EDS, LA-ICP-MS and XRD. In parallel, an attempt was made to reconstruct the manufacturing process of the glass objects with an emphasis on the recipe used and how the colour was achieved. The results will contribute important new information to the literature concerning glass circulation in the Black Sea region; Resumo:
Com esta dissertação pretendeu-se determinar a natureza dos objetos remanescentes da indústria vidreira encontrada no sítio arqueológico localizado na costa da baía de Yahorlyk (região do Mar Negro Norte, Ucrânia), datado dos séculos VII a V a.C. e com ocupação Grega. Neste estudo foi usada uma abordagem multi-analítica e não-destrutiva, que permitiu comparar a composição química e mineralógica dos fragmentos de vidro com a da areia recolhida nas proximidades do sítio arqueológico, a fim de determinar a origem local ou não-local dos artefactos de vidro. Para este fim, os materiais foram caracterizados por FRX, MEV-EDS, LA-ICP-MS e DRX. Paralelamente, tentou-se compreender a técnica de fabrico dos objetos de vidro, dando particular ênfase ao processo de manufatura usado assim como na forma de obtenção da cor. Os resultados contribuirão com novas informações sobre a circulação de artefactos vítreos na região do Mar Negro.