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Journal articles on the topic 'Glass fibers'
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1
Liu, Hao, Xi Tang Wang, Zhou Fu Wang, and Bao Guo Zhang. "Effects of Al2O3 on the Structure and Properties of Calcium-Magnesium-Silicate Glass Fiber." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.42.
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Calcium-magnesium-silicate glass fiber is a kind of candidate materials for aluminosilicate ceramic fiber in high temperature resistant field. However, the large thermal shrinkage limits its rapid development and industrial application in high temperature insulation field. It has been known that the shrinkage under high temperatures is mainly affected by the structure and crystallization mechanisms of glass fibers. Thus, Al2O3 was chosen as additive in the chemical composition of glass fiber to investigate the glassy network structure, crystallization and dissolution properties of calcium-magnesium-silicate glass fiber by DTA, XRD and ICP-AES techniques. The results show that with the addition of Al2O3, the glassy network structure was strengthened and the precipitation of crystals was inhibited for heat-treated fibers. As for the dissolution properties in physiological fluids, though the weight losses, changes of pH values and leached ions concentration lowered slightly with the addition of Al2O3 for the intensified network structure, fibers still present high dissolution rates.
2
Zhang, H., L. Z. Liu, Z. F. Zhang, K. Q. Qiu, X. F. Pan, H. F. Zhang, and Z. G. Wang. "Deformation and fracture behavior of tungsten fiber-reinforced bulk metallic glass composite subjected to transverse loading." Journal of Materials Research 21, no. 6 (June 1, 2006): 1375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2006.0169.
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Deformation and fracture behavior of Zr41.25Ti13.75Ni10Cu12.5Be22.5 bulk metallic glass and its composite containing transverse tungsten fibers in compression were investigated. The monolithic metallic glass and the tungsten fiber composite specimens with aspect ratios of 2 and 1 are shown to have essentially the same ultimate strength under compression. The damage processes in the bulk metallic glass composite consisted of fiber cracking, followed by initiation of shear band in the glassy matrix mainly from the impingement of the fiber crack on the fiber/matrix interface. The site of the shear band initiation in the matrix is consistent with the prediction of finite element modeling. Evidence is present that the tungsten fiber can resist the propagation of the shear band in the glassy matrix. However, the compressive strain to failure substantially decreased in the present composite compared with the composites containing longitudinal tungsten fibers. Finally, the two composite specimens fractured in a shear mode and almost all the tungsten fibers contained cracks.
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Yang, Peng, Qian Zhou, Xiao-Yang Li, Ke-Ke Yang, and Yu-Zhong Wang. "Chemical recycling of fiber-reinforced epoxy resin using a polyethylene glycol/NaOH system." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 33, no. 22 (October 16, 2014): 2106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684414555745.
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A polyethylene glycol/ NaOH system has been used for chemical recycling of fiber/epoxy resin composites. Solvolysis of the composites based on different fibers, i.e. two PAN-based carbon fibers (Torry T300, T700S) and two glass fibers (non-alkali glass fiber and medium-alkali glass fiber), have been compared. The solubilization degree increases with rising reaction temperature, reaction time, as well as NaOH amount. After reacting at atmospheric pressure for 4 h at 200℃ with 0.1 g NaOH/g composite, a high decomposition efficiency of 84.1–93.0% has been obtained. Scanning electron microscopy analysis shows that the two recovered carbon fibers and the non-alkali glass fiber have a texture similar to the as-received fibers, except that some residual resin adheres to the surface, while the medium-alkali glass fiber is damaged during recycling. Accordingly, the recycled carbon fibers and the non-alkali glass fiber retain 94–96% of their original strength, while the tensile strength of the recycled medium-alkali glass fiber decreases to below 90% of this value. The two carbon fibers were further characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The carbon structure is slightly oxidized and the degree of graphitization of the recovered carbon fibers slightly decreases.
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Sherif, Galal, Dilyus I. Chukov, Victor V. Tcherdyntsev, Andrey A. Stepashkin, Mikhail Y. Zadorozhnyy, Yury M. Shulga, and Eugene N. Kabachkov. "Surface Treatment Effect on the Mechanical and Thermal Behavior of the Glass Fabric Reinforced Polysulfone." Polymers 16, no. 6 (March 21, 2024): 864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16060864.
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The chemical structure of the surface of glass fibers, including silanized fibers, was studied. Highly efficient heat-resistant composites were obtained by impregnating silanized glass fiber with a polysulfone solution, and the effect of modification of the surface of glass fibers on the physical, mechanical and thermophysical properties of the composite materials was studied. As a result of the study, it was found that the fiber-to-polymer ratio of 70/30 wt.% showed the best mechanical properties for composites reinforced with pre-heat-treated and silanized glass fibers. It has been established that the chemical treatment of the glass fibers with silanes makes it possible to increase the mechanical properties by 1.5 times compared to composites reinforced with initial fibers. It was found that the use of silane coupling agents made it possible to increase the thermal stability of the composites. Mechanisms that improve the interfacial interaction between the glass fibers and the polymer matrix have been identified. It has been shown that an increase in adhesion occurs both due to the uniform distribution of the polymer on the surface of the glass fibers and due to the improved wettability of the fibers by the polymer. An interpenetrating network was formed in the interfacial region, providing a chemical bond between the functional groups on the surface of the glass fiber and the polymer matrix, which was formed as a result of treating the glass fiber surface with silanes, It has been shown that when treated with aminopropyltriethoxysilane, significant functional unprotonated amino groups NH+/NH2+ are formed on the surface of the fibers; such free amino groups, oriented in the direction from the fiber surface, form strong bonds with the matrix polymer. Based on experimental data, the chemical structure of the polymer/glass fiber interface was identified.
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Bambach, Mike R. "Direct Comparison of the Structural Compression Characteristics of Natural and Synthetic Fiber-Epoxy Composites: Flax, Jute, Hemp, Glass and Carbon Fibers." Fibers 8, no. 10 (September 28, 2020): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib8100062.
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Recent decades have seen substantial interest in the use of natural fibers in continuous fiber reinforced composites, such as flax, jute and hemp. Considering potential applications, it is of particular interest how natural fiber composites compare to synthetic fiber composites, such as glass and carbon, and if natural fibers can replace synthetic fibers in existing applications. Many studies have made direct comparisons between natural and synthetic fiber composites via material coupon testing; however, few studies have made such direct comparisons of full structural members. This study presents compression tests of geometrically identical structural channel sections fabricated from fiber-epoxy composites of flax, jute, hemp, glass and carbon. Glass fiber composites demonstrated superior tension material coupon properties to natural fiber composites. However, for the same fiber mass, structural compression properties of natural fiber composite channels were generally equivalent to, or in some cases superior to, glass fiber composite channels. This indicates there is substantial potential for natural fibers to replace glass fibers in structural compression members. Carbon fiber composites were far superior to all other composites, indicating little potential for replacement with natural fibers.
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Akanda, Md Shahin, Md Shariful Islam, Md Ali Akbar, A. M. Sarwaruddin Chowdhury, M. A. Gafur, and Md Sahab Uddin. "Thermal and Morphological Assessment of the Penta-Layered, Hybrid U-Polyester Composite Reinforced with Glass Fibers and Polypropylene." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2024 (January 18, 2024): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/3911466.
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The interaction between the fibers and matrix in a fiber-reinforced polymer composite material is important in figuring out its properties. The incorporation of fibers with polymers can result in composites with enhanced strength and stiffness. This study aims to investigate the thermal and morphological characteristics of hybrid u-polyester composites reinforced with glass fibers and polypropylene. The fabrication of composite specimens was conducted through a straightforward cold press method. The compositions of the composites were held constant, except for the orientation of the glass fibers and polypropylene. In this study, the TG/DTG technique was used to analyze the thermal characteristics of the composites. In addition, transverse thermal conductivity was measured using the ASTM E1530 method. The test results showed that the composite reinforced with glass fibers exhibited the lowest weight loss and minimal thermal conductivity among all the samples, followed by the hybrid composite. Based on the TGA curves of the samples, the matrix experienced a weight loss of 9.7% at a temperature of 300°C, which reduced to 2.6% and 2.1% for hybrid composites and glass fiber-reinforced composites, respectively. DTG curves for composites demonstrate that the hybrid and fiber-reinforced composites degraded at rates of 0.64 mg/min and 0.36 mg/min, respectively, at 392.3°C and 395.7°C. Moreover, transverse thermal conductivity of the composite which consists of five-glass-fibered layers shows a minimal thermal conductivity of 0.05 W/m·K. The morphological properties were also investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The findings from SEM and FTIR showed that a higher proportion of glass fibers led to a more oriented composite structure, demonstrating enhanced crosslinking between fibers and polyester. Therefore, the insights of this study can be used to improve the performance of glass fibers and polypropylene hybrid-laminated composites intended for high-temperature applications.
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Kang, Seunggu, Hongy Lin, Delbert E. Day, and James O. Stoffer. "Optically Transparent Polymethyl Methacrylate Composites made with Glass Fibers of Varying Refractive Index." Journal of Materials Research 12, no. 4 (April 1997): 1091–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1997.0152.
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The dependence of the optical and mechanical properties of optically transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) composites on the annealing temperature of BK10 glass fibers was investigated. Annealing was used to modify the refractive index (R.I.) of the glass fiber so that it would more closely match that of PMMA. Annealing increased the refractive index of the fibers and narrowed the distribution of refractive index of the fibers, but lowered their mechanical strength so the mechanical properties of composites reinforced with annealed fibers were not as good as for composites containing as-pulled (chilled) glass fibers. The refractive index of as-pulled 17.1 μm diameter fibers (R.I. = 1.4907) increased to 1.4918 and 1.4948 after annealing at 350 °C to 500 °C for 1 h or 0.5 h, respectively. The refractive index of glass fibers annealed at 400 °C/1 h best matched that of PMMA at 589.3 nm and 25 °C, so the composite reinforced with those fibers had the highest optical transmission. Because annealed glass fibers had a more uniform refractive index than unannealed fibers, the composites made with annealed fibers had a higher optical transmission. The mechanical strength of annealed fiber/PMMA composites decreased as the fiber annealing temperature increased. A composite containing fibers annealed at 450 °C/1 h had a tensile strength 26% lower than that of a composite made with as-pulled fibers, but 73% higher than that for unreinforced PMMA. This decrease was avoided by treating annealed fibers with HF. Composites made with annealed and HF (10 vol. %)-treated (for 30 s) glass fibers had a tensile strength (∼200 MPa) equivalent to that of the composites made with as-pulled fibers. However, as the treatment time in HF increased, the tensile strength of the composites decreased because of a significant reduction in diameter of the glass fiber which reduced the volume percent fiber in the composite.
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Mishra, Neelam, Ubaid Ahmad Khan, Anshuman Srivastava, and Nidhi Asthana. "Effect of the Glass Fiber Orientation on Mechanical Performance of Epoxy based Composites." Prabha Materials Science Letters 3, no. 2 (September 1, 2024): 175–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/pmsl.2024.3.2.011.
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Composites are one of the most advanced and adaptable engineering materials. The strength of any composite depends upon volume/weight fraction of reinforcement, orientation angle and other factors. The present work focuses on the determination of the mechanical properties of pure epoxy and unidirectional glass fiber reinforced epoxy. Nowadays, glass fibers are being used in several engineering applications like electronics, aviation, automobile, sport industry etc. Glass fibers are having excellent properties like high strength, flexibility, stiffness, and resistance to chemical attack. With an increase in the content of unidirectional glass fiber volume the properties of unidirectional glass Fiber Reinforcement Polymer (GFRP) composite were improved. It may be used in different forms like chopped, woven mat, short fibers and long fibers etc. Each type of glass fiber has unique properties and is used for different applications. The mechanical and thermal properties of various polymer composites reinforced with glass fibers when subjected to mechanical loading have been studied and reported.
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Vaiborisut, Napaporn, Chanittha Chunwises, Dararat Boonbundit, Sirithan Jiemsirilers, and Apirat Theerapapvisetpong. "Effect of the Addition of ZrSiO4 on Alkali-Resistance and Liquidus Temperature of Basaltic Glass." Key Engineering Materials 766 (April 2018): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.766.145.
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Basalt fiber has been used as a reinforced material in cement-based materials because it has higher mechanical strength and cheaper than common silicate based glass-fibers. However, silicate-based glass fibers have low alkali resistance especially in cement matrix composite. In this work, we studied the improvement of alkali resistance by addition of zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4) in original basalt glass composition. The batch of basalt glass with additional ZrSiO4 contents of 0.00, 2.50, 5.00, 7.50 and 10.00 wt% were melted at 1500 °C. The liquidus temperature (TL) is important in for the fiber glass manufacturing. It need to formulate glass composition which requires a lower melting temperature and is crystallization resistant. TL as a function of composition is usually determined experimentally. In this study, glassy phase was determined by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The glass transition temperature (Tg), the crystallization temperature (Tc) and TL were analyzed by Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA). The results found that the addition of ZrSiO4 in a basalt glass batch increased Tg while Tc of each sample was closed to original basalt fiber. Moreover, the alkali resistance of these glasses increased with an increasing of ZrSiO4 content. However, excessive ZrSiO4 contents (7.50 and 10.00 wt%) resulted in crystallization of ZrO2 which separated from glassy phase.
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Safaei, Shouresh. "E-glass Coated Fibers in Novel Composite System for Constructional Applications." International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications 10, no. 8 (August 2021): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7753/ijsea1008.1002.
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Concrete is one of the most applicable materials in construction. But it needs to reinforce with several reinforcement materials especially high performance fibers such as glass fibers to improve its properties. Among glass fibers, E-glass fiber has lower price but degrade in alkaline cementitious matrix. In this investigation for prohibition of E-glass fibers degradation along with better adhesion of E-glass fibers to cementitious matrix a doubled layer composite coating has been used. The first layer is a polysiloxane which it's permeability to water is too low so prevent alkali attack on E-glass fiber. The second layer is polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) having polar groups of acetate, produce calcium acetate in cementitious matrix, which stick firmly to cement. PVAC in alkaline solution can produce polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) which is again sticky to cement. This composite coating applied on E-glass fibers and used to reinforce concrete. The durability of coated fibers was investigated by alkaline stability test and SEM images. Meanwhile for studying adhesion of fibers to concrete pull out characteristics of coated fibers been investigated and compared with bare E-glass reinforced concrete.
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Cozic, Solenn, Simon Boivinet, Christophe Pierre, Johan Boulet, Samuel Poulain, and Marcel Poulain. "Splicing fluoride glass and silica optical fibers." EPJ Web of Conferences 215 (2019): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921504003.
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Splicing fluoride glass fibers and silica fibers is a critical point for manufacturing all fibered laser modules. As these materials are extremely different, various problems must be considered: thermal, expansion, mechanical, chemical. Reliability and power handling make priority concerns. We report splices made on a 200/220 multimode silica fiber and a double clad 15/250/290 ZBLAN fiber. Splices are proof tested at 300 g tensile strength. No damage is observed after thermal cycling from -30 °C to 85 °C, at 40 % RH during 24 hours. Typical optical splice loss is about 0.2 dB. They withstand 220 W input power at 976 nm without any damage and drastic temperature increasing.
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Pickrell, Gary R., Evgenya S. Smirnova, Stanton L. De Haven, and Robert S. Rogowski. "Hybrid Ordered Hole-Random Hole Optical Fibers." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 2598–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.2598.
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Photonic band gap (PBG) fibers have generated significant interest over the last decade due to the unique set of properties these fibers exhibit. In general, these fibers have been made by drawing a series of glass tubes (which are stacked in an ordered array) into a fiber. These fibers consist of an ordered arrangement of holes or tubes in a glass matrix. In this invited paper we describe a novel type of fiber, called HORHOFs (hybrid ordered random hole optical fibers). In these fibers, the refractive index of the ordered-hole region is controlled by incorporation of very small tubes of glass produced in-situ during the fiber drawing process. The result is a region of controllable glass density inside the “ordered hole”. This allows tailoring of the refractive index of the hole region and of the matrix glass around the holes. Description of the process to produce these new types of fibers, micrographs of some of the fibers produced, some potential applications, and the results of some computer modeling to predict the properties of these fibers, are presented.
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Chen, Zhou, Xue Yu Cheng, Zhao Feng Chen, Juan Zhang, Yong Yang, and Jian Wang. "Ultrafine Glass Fibers Produced by Centrifugal-Spinneret-Blow Process." Advanced Materials Research 628 (December 2012): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.628.27.
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In this paper, glass fibers were prepared by centrifugal-spinneret-blow(CSB)process. The diameter and microstructure of glass fibers have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and vertical optical microscope(VOM).The thermal conductivity and the thickness of glass fiber samples were determined by heat flow meter thermal conductivity instrumentation.The results indicated that the diameter of glass fibers prepared by CSB process can reach the ultrafine grade by adjusting the ratio of raw materials and process parameters.The thermal conductivity of glass fiber sample was 0.0298W/(m·K)when the diameter was 3μm and the density was 62kg/m3.The thermal conductivity of glass fiber sample decreased with the reduction of fiber diameter when the density of glass fiber sample is constant.
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Arvanitopoulos, Constantinos D., and Jack L. Koenig. "FT-IR Microspectroscopic Investigation of the Interphase of Epoxy Resin-Glass Fiber-Reinforced Composites." Applied Spectroscopy 50, no. 1 (January 1996): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702963906717.
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Glass fiber-epoxy with composites were analyzed with the use of FT-IR microspectroscopy. With the use of spectral subtraction along with two-dimensional mapping experiments, spectral features characteristic of the interfacial region were revealed. Different types of glass fibers were used in order to observe spectral differences at the interphase. When as-received and heat-cleaned glass fibers were used, certain similarities were observed, although an inhibition of the curing seems to be taking place at the interfacial region of epoxy-heat-cleaned glass fibers. When the glass fibers were treated with an aminosilane coupling agent (γ-APS), there was spectral evidence that the glass surface was modifying the epoxy-glass fiber interphase.
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Hamza, Mustafa M., and Besma M. Fahad. "Enhancing the Compressive Strength and Density of Cement Mortar by the Addition of Different Alignments of Glass Fibers and Styrene Butadiene Rubber." Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal 13, no. 3 (December 13, 2017): 108–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22153/kej.2017.02.005.
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Abstract
In the field of construction materials the glass reinforced mortar and Styrene Butadiene mortar are modern composite materials. This study experimentally investigated the effect of addition of randomly dispersed glass fibers and layered glass fibers on density and compressive strength of mortar with and without the presence of Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR). Mixtures of 1:2 cement/sand ratio and 0.5 water/cement ratio were prepared for making mortar. The glass fibers were added by two manners, layers and random with weight percentages of (0.54, 0.76, 1.1 and 1.42). The specimens were divided into two series: glass-fiber reinforced mortar without SBR and glass-fiber reinforced mortar with 7% SBR of mixture water. All specimens were tested after curing for 7 and 28 days, glass-fiber reinforced mortar exhibited better properties than control mortar in improvement of compressive strength and lowering the density after curing for 28 days due to the completion of cement hydration reaction.. For compressive strength the best results were achieved with 1.42 wt.% layers glass-fiber reinforced mortar with 7% SBR which gave 41.56 MPa. On the other hand, the addition of 1.42 wt.% random glass-fiber without SBR addition caused the beast reduction in density by 10.6% and produced lighter structure than control sample.
Keywords: Random glass fibers , Glass fibers layers, SBR, compressive strength, density.
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Chen, Zhou, Yong Yang, Tengzhou Xu, Junfeng Hu, and Shaoqiang Liu. "Morphologies and characteristic of glass fiber suspensions basing on various beating speeds." Materials Express 9, no. 9 (December 1, 2019): 1043–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2019.1609.
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Glass fibers commonly flocculate in suspensions and slurries, which can be largely prevented by a beating process. In this paper, morphologies and characteristics of glass fiber suspensions resulting from various beating speeds are explored. By increasing the speed (ranging from 1500 revolutions to 12000 revolutions), glass fibers can be translated, rotated, bended and broken, which leads the drainage resistances of glass fiber suspensions increase dramatically from 19.5 °SR to 23.5 °SR, then fluctuate and settle close to 22.5 °SR. Decreasing the fiber length leads to reduction in fiber–fiber contact and improves the uniformity of fiber suspensions. The separation and random distribution of glass fibers decreases in the viscosity of the fiber suspension.
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Koppisetty, Sailesh M., Sneha B. Cheryala, and Chandra S. Yerramalli. "The effect of fiber distribution on the compressive strength of hybrid polymer composites." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 38, no. 2 (October 4, 2018): 74–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684418804346.
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The effect of fiber distribution, in glass/carbon hybrid fiber composites, on the compressive kinking strength is studied using a 3D finite element-based micromechanical model. Existing experimental data from literature have indicated negative effects of hybridizing glass to carbon on the compressive strength. In this study a micromechanical modeling approach has been adopted to study the role of relative locations of glass and carbon fibers and their distributions on the predicted peak compressive strength. In the micromechanical model, the hybridization ratio was varied by changing the number of glass fibers relative to the number of carbon fibers. The effect of fiber distribution was studied by changing the interfiber spacing and location. Results obtained from the analysis indicate the importance of symmetric fiber distribution. It was found that the distribution with glass fiber in the center with a distribution of carbon fibers on the exterior is able to enhance the compressive strength as compared to an unsymmetrical arrangement of fibers in the model.
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Yıldızel, Sadık Alper. "Mechanical and thermal behaviors comparison of basalt and glass fibers reinforced concrete with two different fiber length distributions." Challenge Journal of Structural Mechanics 3, no. 4 (December 18, 2017): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.20528/cjsmec.2017.12.017.
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This paper deals with the mechanical and thermal behavior of glass and basalt fiber reinforced concrete. Two different composites were studied containing either basalt or glass fibers. Fiber ratios were selected as 1%, 1.25% and 1.5% for glass fiber; 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5% for basalt fibers. Fiber length was preferred as 12 mm and 24 mm. The addition of basalt fiber had very limited effect on the compressive, flexure and thermal conductivity properties compared to the glass fiber reinforced composite. The results also showed that composites having fibers with the length of 12 mm had better mechanical properties. Heat transfer simulation of the composites were also conducted. It was obtained that both fibers with the length of 12 mm had very close results on the heat transfer studies.
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Karalis, George, Christos Mytafides, Anastasia Polymerou, Kyriaki Tsirka, Lazaros Tzounis, Leonidas N. Gergidis, and Alkiviadis S. Paipetis. "Hierarchical Reinforcing Fibers for Energy Harvesting Applications - A Strength Study." Key Engineering Materials 827 (December 2019): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.827.252.
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This work is concerned with the study of the strength of nanocoated reinforcing fibers. In more detail, glass fibers were coated with an efficient thermoelectric (TE) ink in order to create multifunctional reinforcing fibers for advanced composite structural applications. The main scope is to evaluate the fracture properties of the TE-enabled hierarchical glass fibers. The hybrid nanocrystal TE ink was synthesized via a solvothermal reaction and further fully characterized in coating form. The morphology and wetting properties of the TE ink deposition onto glass fibers were evaluated via SEM and contact angle measurements. Enhanced values by 19.4% in tensile strength for the coated glass fibers compared to the reference are being reported, measured at single fiber level. The evaluated multifunctional glass fiber strength will be utilised during ongoing research for the interfacial shear strength determination.
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Wójcik, Grzegorz Michał. "Optimization of silica glass capillary and rods drawing process." Photonics Letters of Poland 11, no. 1 (April 3, 2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v11i1.891.
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Diameter fluctuations of silica glass rods and capillaries, during drawing process have been studied. We investigated an influence of drawing conditions on the quality of capillaries and rods. We fabricated two preforms made from different quality material. Fabricated preforms were used to draw microstructured fibers. Full Text: PDF ReferencesS. Habib et al., "Broadband dispersion compensation of conventional single mode fibers using microstructure optical fibers", Int. J. Lig. Opt. 124, 3851-3855 (2013) CrossRef A. Ziolowicz et al. "Overcoming the capacity crunch: ITU-T G.657.B3 compatible 7-core and 19-core hole-assisted fibers", Proc SPIE 10130, 101300C (2017) CrossRef T.M. Monro et al. "Sensing with microstructured optical fibres", Meas. Sci. Technol. 12, 854-858 (2001) CrossRef G. Statkiewicz-Barabach et al.,"Hydrostatic Pressure and Temperature Measurements Using an In-Line Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Based on a Two-Mode Highly Birefringent Microstructured Fiber", Sensors 2017, 17, 1648 (2017) CrossRef T. Yoon, M. Bajcsy, "Laser-cooled cesium atoms confined with a magic-wavelength dipole trap inside a hollow-core photonic-bandgap fiber", Phys. Rev. A 99, 023415 (2019) CrossRef A.N. Ghosh et al., "Supercontinuum generation in heavy-metal oxide glass based suspended-core photonic crystal fibers", J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 35, 2311-2316 (2018) CrossRef G. Wójcik et al. "Microbending losses in optical fibers with different cross-sections", Proc. SPIE 10830, 108300H (2018) CrossRef F. Xu, Selected topics on optical fiber technology and applications (IntechOpen 2018) CrossRef
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Abd, Nabaa I., and Roaa H. Latief. "Assessment of Rutting Resistance for Fiber-Modified Asphalt Mixtures." Journal of Engineering 30, no. 05 (May 1, 2024): 98–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2024.05.07.
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Rutting is one of the most complex and widespread types of distress. The rutting is frequently observed on Iraqi roads, especially at the checkpoints, forming a significant hazard on the asphalt layers. Factors such as heavy loads and high temperatures contribute to this distress. Adding fibers to a hot mix asphalt (HMA) effectively improves performance and extends the lifespan of the flexible pavement. This article used glass, steel, and basalt fibers. The wheel tracking test assessed the fibre-asphalt mixture for rutting resistance and compared it with the mix without adding fibers (control HMA). Meanwhile, the microscopic structure of fibres and asphalt mixture modified with fibers was examined using the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) technique. Steel, glass, and basalt fibers were incorporated into HMA in proportions of 0.25%, 0.10%, and 0.15%, respectively. The incorporation of fibers in asphalt mixtures implies lower rut depths after 5000 cycles. In comparison to the control HMA, a decrease in the rut depth is observed in fiber-asphalt mixtures, about 22.14%, 15.36%, and 9.64% for basalt, glass, and steel fiber, respectively, which consequently enhances flexible pavement resistance against rutting. The microstructure analysis showed the difference in the mixture's diameters, surface properties, and random fiber dispersion. Therefore, this dispersion contributed to creating a three-dimensional network, which improved the behaviour of HMA.
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Ye, Jianping, Xianglin Shi, William Jones, Yon Rojanasakul, Ningli Cheng, Diane Schwegler-Berry, Paul Baron, Gregory J. Deye, Changhong Li, and Vincent Castranova. "Critical role of glass fiber length in TNF-α production and transcription factor activation in macrophages." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 276, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): L426—L434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1999.276.3.l426.
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Recent studies have demonstrated that dielectrophoresis is an efficient method for the separation of fibers according to fiber length. This method allows the investigation of fiber-cell interactions with fiber samples of the same composition but of different lengths. In the present study, we analyzed the effects of length on the interaction between glass fibers and macrophages by focusing on production of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in a mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7). The underlying molecular mechanisms controlling TNF-α production were investigated at the gene transcription level. The results show that glass fibers induced TNF-α production in macrophages and that this induction was associated with activation of the gene promoter. Activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-κB was responsible for this induced promoter activity. The inhibition of both TNF-α production and NF-κB activation by N-acetyl-l-cysteine, an antioxidant, indicates that generation of oxidants may contribute to the induction of this cytokine and activation of this transcription factor by glass fibers. Long fibers (17 μm) were significantly more potent than short fibers (7 μm) in inducing NF-κB activation, the gene promoter activity, and the production of TNF-α. This fiber length-dependent difference in the stimulatory potency correlated with the fact that macrophages were able to completely engulf short glass fibers, whereas phagocytosis of long glass fibers was incomplete. These results suggest that fiber length plays a critical role in the potential pathogenicity of glass fibers.
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Li, Chaoqin, Yong Zhang, Yinxi Zhang, and Changming Zhang. "Rheological and Mechanical Properties of PC/HDPE/glass fiber Composites." Polymers and Polymer Composites 10, no. 8 (November 2002): 619–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739110201000805.
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The rheological behaviour and mechanical properties of the polycarbonate/high density polyethylene/glass fiber (PC/HDPE/GF) composites have been studied, along with fiber-resin interface behaviour. Maleic anhydride grafted low density polyethylene (LDPE-g-MAH) was used as a compatibilizer in the composites. A study of the glass fiber-resin interface by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and by etching techniques indicated that the dispersed phase polymer in the composites preferentially adhered to the glass fibers in the absence of LDPE-g-MAH. For the composites containing LDPE-g-MAH, this resin might play a decisive role in the adhesion of polymers to glass fibers. The types of adhered polymers were independent of PC/HDPE ratio. The rheological behaviour was studied using a capillary rheometer. The results showed that there was little relationship between the viscosities of the components and the types of polymer adhered to glass fibers. There was a critical shear rate at about 100s−1 for the viscosities of the composites. At shear rates lower than 100s−1, the glass fibers increased the viscosity of the composites; at shear rates higher than 100s−1, the glass fiber had little effect on the viscosity. The composites had a good balance of mechanical properties compared with PC/HDPE blends and PC/GF binary composites. LDPE-g-MAH in the composites could improve the reinforcement efficiency of the glass fibers and strengthen the adhesion between polymer matrix and glass fibers.
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Yang, Yong, Zhou Chen, Tengzhou Xu, Cao Wu, Desire E. Awuye, and Zhaofeng Chen. "Comparing the uniformity of light glass fiber felt based on process improvement, microstructural forming mechanism and physical properties." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 17 (November 20, 2018): 3447–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518813714.
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Light glass fiber felt (density 10 kg/m3), a porous composite consisting of 83% glass fibers (the average diameter 1.5 µm) and 17% phenolic resin, is usually used to increase sound insulation in the aerospace industry. The purpose of this research is further to improve the uniformity of light glass fiber felts by process optimization, analysis of microstructural forming mechanisms and physical properties. Light glass fiber felt is produced by the flame blowing process. The results show that process optimization can effectively improve the uniformity of light glass fiber felt. Light glass fiber felt exhibits a micro-layer structure seen as consisting of a number of “three-layer” structures, that is dense (more fibers)-loose (less fibers)-dense structure. In addition, process optimization can improve the stability of permeation rate and enhance sound insulation performance, which makes light glass fiber felt an excellent sound insulator.
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Miao, Huai Min, Yong Biao Xu, Fei Xiong Zhang, Yu Hua Qiao, Wei Jiang, Yan Hong Zheng, and Zhi Gang Shen. "A Comparative Study on Recycled Glass Fibers and Milled Glass Fibers as Reinforcement Fibers in Polypropylene." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 2625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.2625.
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Fibers reinforced polymers have received considerable attention from industry in recent years. Due to the sharp resources recovery, and the global demand for fiber materials, there has been growing interest in the use of the recycled glass fibers (RGF) as an alternative. This work focuses on comparing the RGF from nonmetals of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) and virgin milled glass fibers (MGF) as reinforcement fibers in polypropylene (PP). The results show that toughness, strength, and rigidity of the composites can be improved simultaneously by the addition the RGF into PP. Meanwhile, the effect of the RGF on PP matrix is slightly higher than that of the MGF. The morphology, evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), indicates uniform dispersion of both types of the fibers in the PP matrix. Based on comprehensive consideration of the mechanical properties, thermal properties, economy and environment, the RGF could replace traditional MGF for producing PP plastic products and can bring a good economic benefit to enterprises. This would develop a new technique for meeting the demand of the glass fiber materials and resolving the environmental pollution.
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Gohs, Uwe, Michael Mueller, Carsten Zschech, and Serge Zhandarov. "Enhanced Interfacial Shear Strength and Critical Energy Release Rate in Single Glass Fiber-Crosslinked Polypropylene Model Microcomposites." Materials 11, no. 12 (December 15, 2018): 2552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11122552.
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Continuous glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites produced by using hybrid yarns show reduced fiber-to-matrix adhesion in comparison to their thermosetting counterparts. Their consolidation involves no curing, and the chemical reactions are limited to the glass fiber surface, the silane coupling agent, and the maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene. This paper investigates the impact of electron beam crosslinkable toughened polypropylene, alkylene-functionalized single glass fibers, and electron-induced grafting and crosslinking on the local interfacial shear strength and critical energy release rate in single glass fiber polypropylene model microcomposites. A systematic comparison of non-, amino-, alkyl-, and alkylene-functionalized single fibers in virgin, crosslinkable toughened and electron beam crosslinked toughened polypropylene was done in order to study their influence on the local interfacial strength parameters. In comparison to amino-functionalized single glass fibers in polypropylene/maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene, an enhanced local interfacial shear strength (+20%) and critical energy release rate (+80%) were observed for alkylene-functionalized single glass fibers in electron beam crosslinked toughened polypropylene.
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Kim, Dong-Kyu, Woong Han, Kwan-Woo Kim, and Byung-Joo Kim. "Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness of Direct-Grown-Carbon Nanotubes/Carbon and Glass Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composites." Materials 16, no. 7 (March 24, 2023): 2604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16072604.
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In this study, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown under the same conditions as those of carbon fibers and glass fibers, and a comparative analysis was performed to confirm the potential of glass fibers with grown CNTs as electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials. The CNTs were grown directly on the two fiber surfaces by a chemical vapor deposition process, with the aid of Ni particles loaded on them via a Ni-P plating process followed by heat treatment. The morphology and structural characteristics of the carbon and glass fibers with grown CNTs were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS), and the EMI shielding efficiency (EMI SE) of the directly grown CNT/carbon and glass fiber-reinforced epoxy matrix composites was determined using a vector-network analyzer. As the plating time increased, a plating layer serving as a catalyst formed on the fiber surface, confirming the growth of numerous nanowire-shaped CNTs. The average EMI SET values of the carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) and glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) with grown CNTs maximized at approximately 81 and 40 dB, respectively. Carbon fibers with grown CNTs exhibited a significantly higher EMI SET value than the glass fiber-based sample, but the latter showed a higher EMI SET increase rate. This indicates that low-cost, high-quality EMI-shielding materials can be developed through the growth of CNTs on the surface of glass fibers.
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Paglicawan, Marissa A., Carlo S. Emolaga, Johanna Marie B. Sudayon, and Kenneth B. Tria. "Mechanical Properties of Abaca–Glass Fiber Composites Fabricated by Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Method." Polymers 13, no. 16 (August 13, 2021): 2719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162719.
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The application of natural fiber-reinforced composites is gaining interest in the automotive, aerospace, construction, and marine fields due to its advantages of being environmentally friendly and lightweight, having a low cost, and having a lower energy consumption during production. The incorporation of natural fibers with glass fiber hybrid composites may lead to some engineering and industrial applications. In this study, abaca/glass fiber composites were prepared using the vacuum-assisted resin transfer method (VARTM). The effect of different lamination stacking sequences of abaca–glass fibers on the tensile, flexural, and impact properties was evaluated. The morphological failure behavior of the fractured-tensile property was evaluated by 3D X-ray Computed Tomography and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results of mechanical properties were mainly dependent on the volume fraction of abaca fibers, glass fibers, and the arrangement of stacking sequences in the laminates. The higher volume fraction of abaca fiber resulted in a decrease in mechanical properties causing fiber fracture, resin cracking, and fiber pullout due to poor bonding between the fibers and the matrix. The addition of glass woven roving in the composites increased the mechanical properties despite the occurrence of severe delamination between the abaca–strand mat glass fiber.
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Cousin, P., M. Hassan, PV Vijay, M. Robert, and B. Benmokrane. "Chemical resistance of carbon, basalt, and glass fibers used in FRP reinforcing bars." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 26-27 (April 23, 2019): 3651–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319844306.
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One of the most important fields of research dealing with the use of carbon-, basalt-, and glass-fiber composites in the civil construction industry is their behavior under various chemical exposure conditions. Fiber-reinforced-polymer composites used as internal and external reinforcement in various structural applications can be subjected to widely differing pH situations. This study investigated the chemical durability of various carbon, basalt and glass fibers. The fibers were immersed in four types of solutions with acid, saline, alkaline, and deionized-water conditioning schemes. The fiber mass loss and surface damage along with changes due to chemical reactions were observed through weight-loss measurements and scanning electron microscopy. A criterion was developed to characterize the performance of fibers as very good, good, fair, and poor. This methodology can also be used by manufacturers as a quick quality-control tool for evaluating the chemical resistance of different fibers prior to large-volume production. The results reveal that the carbon fibers exhibited higher chemical resistance than the basalt and glass fibers based on weight loss and evidence of chemical reactions. Moreover, the determination of the fiber chemical composition before and after conditioning in acid and alkaline solutions clearly shows that the E-glass fibers, which are known to contain boron, were very sensitive to chemical corrosion. The ECR-glass fibers showed excellent chemical durability, even better than the basalt fibers.
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Alshgari, Razan A., N. Hemalatha, Ajay Suryavanshi, D. V. S. S. S. V. Prasad, R. Subalakshmi, M. Abirami, M. J. R. Amudha, Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur, M. Ataul Islam, and David Christopher. "Investigation on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Abaca Fiber Composites Using Filament Winding." Advances in Polymer Technology 2022 (September 2, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5000547.
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Composites that were made stronger with jute fiber and glass fiber were used to test the performance of filament wound abaca fiber composites. Tensile, bending, and dynamic mechanical analyses were used to figure out the mechanical properties of the composites. Fiber composites and glass-fiber composites were found to have higher density and mechanical properties than abaca fiber-based composites. This is because resin did not get into the cell cavity of the fiber’s inner tissue structure. The abaca fiber composites that worked the worst were those in which the fibers were pulled out while the fibers on the surface were torn. The fiber-reinforced epoxy circumferential composite interface junction in the twisting abaca fiber circumferential composite was found to be more flexible and have a higher glass transition temperature than any of the other composites (6000 MPa). We found that twisting abaca fiber-naval ordnance laboratory and twisting abaca fiber-prepared circumferential composite had the lowest frequency dependence and performance variability. To improve composite properties, both the outside and inside structures of twisting abaca fiber need to be fixed. There is also a rise in fiber-to-resin contact and a rise in fiber surface area. The diameter of the fibers also gets smaller.
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Hestiawan, H., J. Jamasri, K. Kusmono, and A. Puspawan. "Perilaku water absorption pada komposit hybrid serat agel tenun dan serat gelas." Dinamika Teknik Mesin 11, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/dtm.v11i2.457.
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This study aimed to investigate the effect of alkali treatment and stacking sequences on water absorption and flexural strength in woven agel and glass fibers reinforced hybrid composites. The research materials are woven agel fiber, E-200 glass fiber, unsaturated polyester resin Yukalac 157 BQTN, and catalyst of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP). The alkali treatment is carried out on the woven agel fibers by soaking the fiber in 5% NaOH solution for 1 hour. Then the fiber is washed with fresh water and dried for 48 hours. Manufacturing techniques used vacuum bagging with suction pressure of 70 cmHg at room temperature. The amount of reinforcing fiber 7 fibers consists of 3 glass fibers and 4 agel woven fibers. The water absorption test uses a 3.5% NaCl solution for 1080 hours at room temperature. Water absorption test specimens based on ASTM D570 standard. The research results showed that alkali treatment with glass fiber arrangement on the specimen surface effectively decreased water absorption and increased the flexural strength of woven agel and glass fibers hybrid composites. This can be seen from the decrease in water content in equilibrium by 8.67%, the diffusion coefficient of 5.74 x 10-12 m2/s, and the flexural strength before and after immersion, which are 135 MPa and 125 MPa respectively.
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Qiao, Yu Hua, Huai Min Miao, Yong Biao Xu, Wei Jiang, Yan Hong Zheng, and Zhi Gang Shen. "The Reinforcing Mechanism of Recycled Glass Fibers and Milled Glass Fibers in Polypropylene Composites." Advanced Materials Research 915-916 (April 2014): 755–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.915-916.755.
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A great amount of work has been done over the past few years to use the glass fibers reinforcing polypropylene (PP) composites. Due to the sharp resources recovery, and the global demand for fiber materials, there has been growing interest in the use of the recycled glass fibers (GF) (RGF) as an alternative. This work focuses on the reinforcing mechanisms of the glass fibers in PP composites. The reinforcing mechanism is evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the basis of the energy dissipation theory. The GF are the excellent supporting bodies. Interfacial debonding, fiber pullout and breakage dissipate tremendous energy. These factors cause improvements in the strength of the RGF/PP and MGF/PP composites.
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Chavan, Nikhil, Anandrao Deshmukh, Durgesh Diwate, Ajinkya Thorat, and Rutvi Sawale. "Strengthening of Beam Using Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (May 31, 2022): 2987–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43020.
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Abstract: Glass fibers reinforced polymer composites have been prepared by various manufacturing technology and are widely used for various applications. Initially, ancient Egyptians made containers by glass fibers drawn from heat softened glass. Continues glass fibers were first manufactured in the 1930s for high-temperature electrical application. Nowadays, it has been used in electronics, aviation and automobile application etc. Glass fibers are having excellent properties like high strength, flexibility, stiffness and resistance to chemical harm. It may be in the form of roving’s, chopped strand, yarns, fabrics and mats. Each type of glass fibers have unique properties and are used for various applications in the form of polymer composites. The mechanical, tribological, thermal, water absorption and vibrational properties of various glass fiber reinforced polymer composites were reported.
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Chen, Ming, Yu Hong Li, Jing Chen, and Xin Hui Zhao. "Study on the Influence of Fiber Type on Mechanical Properties of Synchronization Plus Fiber Stone Layer." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 1850–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.1850.
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Based on pullout test, shear test, tensile test strip, studied the influence of three fibers and glass fibers of different lengths on mechanical properties of synchronization plus fiber stone layer. Test results show that, glass fiber and polyacrylonitrile fiber has little effect on the interfacial bonding performance difference compared with no fiber, polyester fiber has greater impact on the interfacial bonding performance; Adding fiber, crack resistance significantly enhanced, including glass fiber and polyacrylonitrile fiber are most obvious, considering, determined glass fiber as the best choice , 60mm as the optimum length.
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Ralph, Calvin, Patrick Lemoine, John Summerscales, Edward Archer, and Alistair McIlhagger. "Relationships among the chemical, mechanical and geometrical properties of basalt fibers." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 15 (October 15, 2018): 3056–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518805376.
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We investigated the chemical, mechanical and geometrical properties of basalt fibers from three different commercial manufacturers and compared the results with those from an industry standard glass fiber. The chemical composition of the fibers was investigated by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, which showed that basalt and glass fibers have a similar elemental composition, with the main difference being variations in the concentrations of primary elements. A significant correlation between the ceramic content of basalt and its tensile properties was demonstrated, with a primary dependence on the Al2O3 content. Single fiber tensile tests at various lengths and two-way ANOVA revealed that the tensile strength and modulus were highly dependent on fiber length, with a minor dependence on the manufacturer. The results showed that basalt has a higher tensile strength, but a comparable modulus, to E-Glass. Considerable improvements in the quality of manufacturing basalt fibers over a three-year period were demonstrated through geometrical analysis, showing a reduction in the standard deviation of the fiber diameter from 1.33 to 0.61, comparable with that of glass fibers at 0.67. Testing of single basalt fibers with diameters of 13 and 17 µm indicated that the tensile strength and modulus were independent of diameter after an improvement in the consistency of fiber diameter, in line with that of glass fibers.
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Mishra, Shivam. "Application of Carbon Fibers in Construction." Journal of Mechanical and Construction Engineering (JMCE) 2, no. 2 (2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.54060/jmce.v2i2.20.
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Carbon fibers (also known as graphite fibers) are high-performance fibers, about five to ten micrometers in diameter, composed mainly of carbon, with high tensile strength. Plus, they are extremely strong with respect to their size. They have high elastic modulus in comparison with glass fiber. According to the working period, carbon fibre-reinforced polymers possess more potential than those with glass fiber. However, they are relatively expensive as compared to similar fibers, such as glass fiber, basalt fiber, or plastic fiber. Its high quality, lightweight, and imperviousness to erosion, make it a perfect strengthening material. Carbon fibre-reinforced composite materials are used to make aircraft parts, golf club shafts, bike outlines, angling bars, car springs, sailboat masts, and sev-eral different segments which need to have less weight and high quality.
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Grundmann, Neele, Hauke Brüning, Konstantinos Tserpes, Tim Strohbach, and Bernd Mayer. "Influence of Embedding Fiber Optical Sensors in CFRP Film Adhesive Joints on Bond Strength." Sensors 20, no. 6 (March 17, 2020): 1665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20061665.
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The increasing utilization of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) in the aeronautical industry calls for a structural health monitoring (SHM) system for adhesively bonded CFRP joints. Optical glass fiber with inscribed fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is a promising technology for a SHM system. This paper investigates the intrusive effect of embedding optical glass fibers carrying FBGs on adhesive bond strength and adhesive layer thickness and quality. Embedding the optical glass fibers directly in the adhesive bond has the advantage of directly monitoring the targeted structure but poses the risk of significantly reducing the bond strength. Optical glass fibers with different cladding diameters (50, 80, 125 µm) and coating types (polyimide, with a thickness of 3−8 µm, and acrylate, with a thickness of ~35 µm) are embedded in structural and repair film adhesives here. Without embedded optical glass fibers, the film adhesives have an adhesive layer thickness of ~90 µm (structural) and ~100 µm (repair) after curing. The intrusive effect of the fiber embedding on the adhesive bond strength is investigated here with quasi static and fatigue single lap joint (SLJ) tensile shear tests. Also, the influence of hydrothermal aging procedures on the quasi static tensile shear strength is investigated. It is found that optical glass fibers with a total diameter (glass fiber cladding + coating) of ~145 µm significantly reduce the quasi static tensile shear strength and increase the adhesive layer thickness and number of air inclusions (or pores) in the structural film adhesive joints. In the repair adhesive joints, no significant reduction of quasi static tensile shear strength is caused by the embedding of any of the tested fiber types and diameters. However, an increase in the adhesive layer thickness is detected. In both adhesive films, no effect on the quasi-static tensile shear strength is detected when embedding optical glass fibers with total diameters <100 µm. The applied aging regime only affects the repair film adhesive joints, and the structural film adhesive joints show no significant reduction. A polyimide-coated 80 µm optical glass fiber is selected for fatigue SLJ tensile shear tests in combination with the more sensitive structural film adhesive. No significant differences between the S-N curves and tensile shear fatigue strength of the reference samples without embedded optical fibers and the samples carrying the polyimide-coated 80 µm optical glass fibers are detected. Thus, it is concluded that the influences of embedding optical glass fibers with total diameters <100 µm on the fatigue limit of the tested film adhesive joints is negligible.
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Wang, Lihua, Tongshuai Li, Qinghua Shu, Shifu Sun, Chunfeng Li, and Chunquan Dai. "Experimental Study of Fiber Pull-Outs in a Polymer Mortar Matrix." Materials 16, no. 9 (May 8, 2023): 3594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16093594.
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In order to study the influence of vinyl acetate–ethylene copolymerization emulsions on the bonding performance of fiber and mortar, mortar materials with different polymer contents were prepared. The optimal mix ratio of the matrix was obtained using a pull-out test with a 0° inclination angle. On this basis, polypropylene fibers and alkali-resistant glass fibers were set at different burial depths (6 mm, 12 mm, and 18 mm) and different burial angles (0°, 30°, 45°, and 60°). The load–displacement curves of two types of fibers pulled out from the polymer mortar were obtained. The test results show that polymer contents of 3% and 5% increase the peak pull-out loads of glass fibers and polypropylene fibers by 16.28% and 30.72% and 7.41% and 27.11%, respectively. When the polymer content is 7%, the peak pull-out load decreases by 1.31% and 24.26%, especially for polypropylene fiber, which significantly weakens the bonding performance between the matrix and the fiber. The pull-out load of glass fibers and polypropylene fibers increases with the increase in the buried depth, and both show tensile failure at 18 mm. As the embedding angle increases, the pull-out load of polypropylene fibers decreases continuously, while the glass fiber shows a higher pull-out load at 30°.
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Tanimoto, Yasuhiro, Toshihiro Inami, Masaru Yamaguchi, Kazutaka Kasai, Norio Hirayama, and Yoshio Aoki. "Characterization of Esthetic Orthodontic Wires Made from Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Containing High-Strength, Small-Diameter Glass Fibers." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4985030.
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In this work, we investigated the properties of a glass-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (GFRTP) composed of small-diameter (ϕ = 5 μm), high-strength glass (T-glass) fibers and polycarbonate for esthetic orthodontic wires formed using pultrusion. After fabricating such GFRTP round wires, the effects of varying fiber diameter (5 to 13 mm) on the mechanical properties, durabilities, and color stabilities were evaluated. The results showed that the mechanical properties of GFRTPs tend to increase with decreasing fiber diameter. Additionally, it was confirmed that the present GFRTP wires containing T-glass fibers have better flexural properties than previously reported GFRTP wires containing E-glass fibers. Meanwhile, thermocycling did not significantly affect the flexural properties of the GFRTP wires. Furthermore, the GFRTP wires showed color changes lower than the acceptable threshold level for color differences on immersion in coffee. From these results obtained in the present work, the GFRTP wires containing high-strength glass fibers have excellent properties for orthodontic applications. Our findings suggest that the GFRTPs might be applied to all phases of orthodontic treatment because their properties can be tuned by changing the fiber properties such as fiber type and diameter.
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de Carvalho, L. H., A. G. Barbosa de Lima, E. L. Canedo, A. F. C. Bezerra, W. S. Cavalcanti, and V. A. D. Marinho. "Water Sorption of Vegetable Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites." Defect and Diffusion Forum 369 (July 2016): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.369.17.
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Despite the ever-growing worldwide interest in the use of lignocellulosic fibers as reinforcement in either thermoset or thermoplastic matrices, the use of these fibers to replace synthetic ones, is limited. The reasons for these limitations are associated with the vegetable fiber’s heterogeneity, lower compatibility to most polymers, inferior durability, flammability, poorer mechanical properties and higher moisture absorption when compared with synthetic fibers. Nevertheless, despite these drawbacks, vegetable fiber reinforced polymer composites are lighter in weight, more sustainable and can be used for non-structural products. Strategies to minimize these drawbacks include fiber and or matrix modification, the use of compatibilizers, fiber drying and the concomitant use of vegetable and synthetic fibers, for the production of hybrid composites, the latter being an unquestionable way to increment overall mechanical and thermal properties of these hybrid systems. Here we present data on the water sorption of polymer composites having thermoset and thermoplastic matrices as a function of vegetable fiber identity, content and hybridization with glass fibers. Our data indicates that, regardless if the matrix is a thermoset of a thermoplastic, water absorption tends to be relatively independent of vegetable fiber identity and to be significantly dependent of its content. Fiber drying prior to composite manufacturing and hybridization with glass fibers leads to lower overall water absorption and higher mechanical properties.
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Bindal, Amit, Satnam Singh, N. K. Batra, and Rajesh Khanna. "Development of Glass/Jute Fibers Reinforced Polyester Composite." Indian Journal of Materials Science 2013 (November 11, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/675264.
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Composites play significant role as engineering material and their use has been increasing day by day due to their specific properties such as high strength to weight ratios, high modulus to weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance. In present work, an attempt is made to hybridize the material using synthetic (glass) as well as natural fibres (chemically treated jute), such that to reduce the overall use of synthetic reinforcement, to reduce the overall cost, and to enhance the mechanical properties. All composite specimens with different weight percentages of fibres were manufactured using hand lay-up process and testing was done by using ASTM standards. Experimental results revealed that hybridization of composite with natural and synthetic fibres shows enhanced tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength. The content of natural reinforcement was found to be in the range of 25–33.3% for best results. The effect of treated jute on flexural properties was more than that on tensile properties, which was due to greater stiffness of jute fibers. Chemical treatment of jute fibers lowers the water absorption and results were comparable to glass fiber reinforced polyester composites. The addition of jute also reduced the overall cost by 22.18%.
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Chaichannawatik, Bhawat, Athasit Sirisonthi, Qudeer Hussain, and Panuwat Joyklad. "Mechanical Properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 875 (January 2018): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.875.174.
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This study presents results of an experimental investigation conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of sisal and glass fiber reinforced concrete. Four basic concrete mixes were considered: 1) Plain concrete (PC) containing ordinary natural aggregates without any fibers, 2) sisal fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC), 3) sisal and glass fiber reinforced concrete (SGFRC), 4, glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC). Investigated properties were compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural tensile strength and workability. The results of fiber reinforced concrete mixes were compared with plain concrete to investigate the effect of fibers on the mechanical properties of fiber reinforced concrete. It was determined that addition of different kinds of fibers (natural and synthetic) is very useful to produce concrete. The addition of fibers was resulted into higher compressive strength, splitting and tensile strength. However, the workability of the fiber reinforced concrete was found lower than the plain concrete due to the addition of fibers in the concrete.
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Van Steenberge, G., P. Geerinck, S. Van Put, J. Watte, H. Ottevaere, H. Thienpont, and P. Van Daele. "Laser cleaving of glass fibers and glass fiber arrays." Journal of Lightwave Technology 23, no. 2 (February 2005): 609–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2004.841258.
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Mustapha, Rohani, Siti Noor Hidayah Mustapha, M. J. Suriani, C. M. Ruzaidi, and M. Awang. "Water Absorption Behaviour of Epoxy/Acrylated Epoxidized Palm Oil (AEPO) Reinforced Hybrid Kenaf/Glass Fiber Montmorillonite (HMT) Composites." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2080, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2080/1/012013.
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Abstract The use of fiber-reinforced vegetable oil - polymer composites has increased in various technical fields. However, the long-term operating performance of these materials is still not well understood, limiting the development of these composites. In this study, the water absorption performance of hybrid composites, which consist of kenaf fiber and glass fiber as reinforcement, epoxy resin and acrylated epoxidized palm oil (AEPO) as a matrix, and montmorillonite (MMT) nano clays as a filler was evaluated with the function of different fibers layering order. The hand lay-up method is used to produce the composites with the variable number of kenaf fibers and glass fibers layer sequences. The water absorption kinetics of epoxy/AEPO reinforced hybrid kenaf/glass fiber-filled MMT composites are described in this paper. It has been observed that the water absorption rate of the composites depends on the fiber layering sequences. The alternative sequence of Glass-Kenaf-Kenaf-Glass and Kenaf-Glass-Kenaf-Glass composites layers exhibited the lowest moisture absorption rates of 7.61% and 7.63%, respectively.
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Chromčíková, Mária, and Marek Liška. "Stress Strain Testing of the Strand of E-Glass Fibers." Advanced Materials Research 39-40 (April 2008): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.39-40.165.
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The mathematical model of the stress-strain curve of the strand of glass fibers was proposed and applied on the experimental data obtained for E glass fibers. The model reflects the lognormal continuous distribution of the unstrained lengths of glass fibers and the Weibull distribution of the fibers strength. The regression treatment of experimental data provided the statistically robust estimates of the parameters of the lognormal length distribution, of the Young modulus, and of the parameters of the Weibull glass fibers strength distribution. It was shown that neglecting of the continuous unstrained length distribution leads to serious errors in estimates of the fiber strength distribution.
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Echtermeyer, Andreas T., Andrey E. Krauklis, Abedin I. Gagani, and Erik Sæter. "Zero Stress Aging of Glass and Carbon Fibers in Water and Oil—Strength Reduction Explained by Dissolution Kinetics." Fibers 7, no. 12 (December 6, 2019): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib7120107.
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Understanding the strength degradation of glass and carbon fibers due to exposure to liquids over time is important for structural applications. A model has been developed for glass fibers that links the strength reduction in water to the increase of the Griffith flaw size of the fibers. The speed of the increase is determined by regular chemical dissolution kinetics of glass in water. Crack growth and strength reduction can be predicted for several water temperatures and pH, based on the corresponding dissolution constants. Agreement with experimental results for the case of water at 60 °C with a pH of 5.8 is reasonably good. Carbon fibers in water and toluene and glass fibers in toluene do not chemically react with the liquid. Subsequently no strength degradation is expected and will be confirmed experimentally. All fiber strength measurements are carried out on bundles. The glass fibers are R-glass.
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Nikiforov, Anton A., Svetoslav Isaakovich Volfson, R. Rinberg, N. A. Okhotina, and Ilnur Z. Fayzullin. "Effect of Lubricants on Fiber Length Distribution and Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Composites Based on Polyamide 1010." Key Engineering Materials 816 (August 2019): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.816.202.
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Influence of lubricants such as montan waxes and fatty acid esters, on properties of glass fiber reinforced composites based on polyamide 1010. Composites with 40 % wt. glass fibers were obtained on twin-screw extruder, while the fiber breakage occur. Fiber length distribution were measured. It is shown, that adding of 0.5 % wt. of lubricants increase content of glass fibers longer than 2 critical length and improve mechanical properties.
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Pei, S. C., T. S. Ho, T. M. Tai, L. M. Lee, J. C. Chen, A. H. Kung, F. J. Kao, and S. L. Huang. "Drawing of single-crystal and glass-clad lithium tantalate fibers by the laser-heated pedestal growth method." Journal of Applied Crystallography 43, no. 1 (December 18, 2009): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889809050547.
Full textAbstract:
Lithium tantalate (LT) single-crystalline fibers with various growth conditions were obtained using the laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG) method. The fibers can be produced with a diameter down to 70 µm and tens of centimetres in length by using different pulling rates. Preliminary experiments also showed that the LT fibers can be electrically poled for quasi-phase matching. To facilitate wave propagation with low loss, glass-clad LT fibers were fabricated by a co-drawing LHPG method for the first time. A vacuum apparatus was developed to eliminate the bubbles from incongruent evaporation of lithium oxide during the drawing of the glass-clad LT fibers. The glass-clad fibers are classified into two different categories by the measurements of refractive index profiles. One is a step-index fiber and the other is a graded-index fiber. Both fiber types are multimode at present, but single-mode LT fibers could be fabricated with the high-precision control of the LHPG systems.
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Espinach, Francesc Xavier, Fernando Julian, Manel Alcalà, Fabiola Vilaseca, Félix Carrasco, and Pere Mutjé. "Effective Tensile Strength Estimation of Natural Fibers through Micromechanical Models: The Case of Henequen Fiber Reinforced-PP Composites." Polymers 14, no. 22 (November 12, 2022): 4890. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14224890.
Full textAbstract:
The performance of henequen fibers and polypropylene composites obtained by injection molding with and without coupling agent was evaluated. Henequen fibers are natural non-wood fibers mainly used in textile sector or in thermosetting matrix composites. In this work, henequen fibers have been used as a possible substitute reinforcement material for sized glass fibers. The surface charge density of the materials used was evaluated, as well as the morphology of the fibers inside the material. A significant reduction in the length of the fibers was observed as a consequence of the processing. The use of a 4% coupling agent based on fiber content was found to be effective in achieving significant improvements in the tensile strength of the composites in the reinforcement range studied. The influence of the aspect ratio on the coupling factor was determined, as well as the evaluation of the interface quality. The results obtained demonstrate the great potential of henequen fibers as reinforcement of composite materials, giving rise to strong interfaces with coupling. Finally, the comparison of henequen fiber composites with sized glass fiber composites showed that it is possible to substitute polypropylene composites with 20 wt.% glass fiber for 50 wt.% henequen fibers.
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CHIHAI (PEȚU), Rodica, Claudia UNGUREANU, and Vasile BRIA. "Effect of the Fiber Orientation of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites on Mechanical Properties." Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science 45, no. 2 (June 15, 2022): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/mms.2022.2.03.
Full textAbstract:
Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites possess excellent specific strength, specific stiffness and controlled anisotropy for which these are extensively used in various engineering applications, like automobile industries, aerospace industries, marine industries, space industries, electronics industries and many more. Glass fibers (GF), carbon fibers (CF) and aramid fibers (AF) are common reinforcements for polymer matrix composites (PMCs). High mechanical properties and wear resistance behaviour of glass fiber reinforced composites are the premises for the current experimental research on the effect of fiber orientation on the tensile strength of the polymeric composite materials. The glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite was prepared by wet lay-up method, followed by thermal treatment.