Academic literature on the topic 'Glaciers – Tibet, Plateau of'

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Journal articles on the topic "Glaciers – Tibet, Plateau of"

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Zeng, Junze, Junfeng Xie, Ren Liu, Fan Mo, and Xiaomeng Yang. "Research on Glacier Elevation Variability in the Qilian Mountains of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Based on Topographic Correction by Pyramid Registration." Remote Sensing 15, no. 1 (December 22, 2022): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15010062.

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As the ‘Third Pole’ of the world, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is also known as the Asian Water Tower. The glaciers covering its surface can reflect changes in the global climate and ecological environment. Therefore, the critical need for accurate information regarding the elevation changes of the glaciers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is self-evident. Here we present a method for monitoring the elevation change of the glaciers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau that is based on pyramid registration and terrain correction techniques. The registration results show that the average elevation difference in the stable area has been improved to a considerable extent, at least 70%. The elevation difference after registration obeys a Gaussian distribution with a mean of 0. In this study, glaciers in the Qilian Mountains of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were used as the experimental objects, and the changes in glacier elevation in the region were monitored over the past three years. The results show that from 2019 to 2021, the glaciers in the western Qilian Mountains thinned significantly, and the glacier elevation change rate was –0.99 ± 0.34 m/year. The changes in glaciers in the southwest and north were relatively minor, with change rates of 0.09 ± 0.94 m/year and –0.08 ± 0.79 m/year, respectively. The change rates of the two glaciers in the middle were 0.74 ± 0.84 m/year and –0.16 ± 0.85 m/year, and the glacier change rate in the northeast was –0.27 ± 0.77 m/year. Finally, combined with meteorological data analysis, it is concluded that the change in glacier elevation is primarily affected by temperature and precipitation. Among these, precipitation accounts for the dominant factor impacting glacier elevation change.
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Wenjing, Zhang. "Identification of glaciers with surge characteristics on the Tibetan Plateau." Annals of Glaciology 16 (1992): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/1992aog16-1-168-172.

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Investigations of Zelunglung and Midui Glaciers in southeast Tibet, China, indicate that they have some characteristics of surge-type glaciers. There have been two extraordinary movements of Zelunglung Glacier, one in 1950 and one in 1968. A collapse of the terminus area took place in 1984. Midui Glacier experienced extraordinary movements about 55 years ago and also in 1988. During these events, the glacier termini reached moraines formed during neoglaciation and the Little Ice Age. The advances of the two glaciers are not related to climate variation. The glaciers caused serious disasters with loss of life and property, and disruption of transportation corridors.
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Wenjing, Zhang. "Identification of glaciers with surge characteristics on the Tibetan Plateau." Annals of Glaciology 16 (1992): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500005012.

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Investigations of Zelunglung and Midui Glaciers in southeast Tibet, China, indicate that they have some characteristics of surge-type glaciers. There have been two extraordinary movements of Zelunglung Glacier, one in 1950 and one in 1968. A collapse of the terminus area took place in 1984. Midui Glacier experienced extraordinary movements about 55 years ago and also in 1988. During these events, the glacier termini reached moraines formed during neoglaciation and the Little Ice Age. The advances of the two glaciers are not related to climate variation. The glaciers caused serious disasters with loss of life and property, and disruption of transportation corridors.
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Hu, Wentao, and Tandong Yao. "Geometric similarity of the twin collapsed glaciers in the west Tibet." Open Geosciences 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1463–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0316.

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Abstract Two adjacent glaciers collapsed consecutively in the Western Xizang Autonomous Region, China, on July 17 and September 21, 2016, presumably triggered by relatively intensive climate change in this region, leading to massive downstream ice and mud avalanches. After these twin glacier collapses, there have been many researches, which mainly focus on the physical characteristics of these two glaciers while lack the differences between them and the other glaciers. In this study, the geometric features and energy distribution along the glacier centerlines are investigated to identify the differences between these two collapsed glaciers and other glaciers in the western Tibetan Plateau. The anomaly of climate change is presumed to be the trigger of the twin glacier collapses in accordance with existing research results, whereas in this study, the striking geometric similarity between the centerlines of the twin glaciers, which is quantitatively interpreted by the Fréchet distance among the glacier centerlines, unearth some novel mechanisms. The essential point in these new mechanisms is the energy distribution along the glacier centerlines. A hypothesis based on the principle of energy conservation is derived to demonstrate the mechanisms and dynamic processes of the glacier collapses. Furthermore, on the basis of the geometric similarity and energy distribution of the glacier centerlines, a risk assessment of glacier collapse in the western Tibetan Plateau is implemented to facilitate glacier disaster prevention.
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KE, LINGHONG, XIAOLI DING, LEI ZHANG, JUN HU, C. K. SHUM, and ZHONG LU. "Compiling a new glacier inventory for southeastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau from Landsat and PALSAR data." Journal of Glaciology 62, no. 233 (May 2, 2016): 579–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jog.2016.58.

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ABSTRACTGlacier change has been recognized as an important climate variable due to its sensitive response to climate change. Although there are a large number of glaciers distributed over the southeastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, the region is poorly represented in glacier databases due to seasonal snow cover and frequent cloud cover. Here, we present an improved glacier inventory for this region by combining Landsat observations acquired over 2011–13 (Landsat 8/OLI and Landsat TM/ETM+), coherence images from Advanced Land Observing Satellite Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar images and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM. We present a semi-automated scheme for integrating observations from multi-temporal Landsat scenes to mitigate cloud obscuration. Further, the clean-ice observations, together with coherence information, slope constraints, vegetation cover and water classification information extracted from the Landsat scenes, are integrated to determine the debris-covered glacier area. After manual editing, we derive a new glacier inventory containing 6892 glaciers >0.02 km2, covering a total area of 6566 ± 197 km2. This new glacier inventory indicates gross overestimation in glacier area (over 30%) in previously published glacier inventories, and reveals various spatial characteristics of glaciers in the region. Our inventory can be used as a baseline dataset for future studies including glacier change assessment.
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Zhao, Liyun, Lide Tian, Thomas Zwinger, Ran Ding, Jibiao Zong, Qinghua Ye, and John C. Moore. "Numerical simulations of Gurenhekou glacier on the Tibetan Plateau." Journal of Glaciology 60, no. 219 (2014): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2014jog13j126.

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AbstractWe investigate the impact of climate change on Gurenhekou glacier, southern Tibetan Plateau, which is representative of the tens of thousands of mountain glaciers in the region. We apply a three-dimensional, thermomechanically coupled full-Stokes model to simulate the evolution of the glacier. The steep and rugged bedrock geometry requires use of such a flow model. We parameterize the temperature and surface mass-balance (SMB) uncertainties using nearby automatic weather and meteorological stations, 6 year measured SMB data and an energy-balance model for a nearby glacier. Summer air temperature increased at 0.02 Ka−1 over the past 50 years, and the glacier has retreated at an average rate of 8.3 m a−1. Prognostic simulations suggest an accelerated annual average retreat rate of ~9.1 ma−1 along the central flowline for the next 25 years under continued steady warming. However, regional climate models suggest a marked increase in warming rate over Tibet during the 21st century, and this rate causes about a 0.9 ± 0.3% a−1 loss of glaciated area and 1.1 ± 0.6% a−1 shrinkage of glacier volume. These results, the rather high warming rates predicted and the small sizes of most Tibetan glaciers, suggest that significant numbers of glaciers will be lost in the region during the 21st century.
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Yang, Liye, Chaoying Zhao, Zhong Lu, Chengsheng Yang, and Qin Zhang. "Three-Dimensional Time Series Movement of the Cuolangma Glaciers, Southern Tibet with Sentinel-1 Imagery." Remote Sensing 12, no. 20 (October 21, 2020): 3466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12203466.

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Many debris-covered glaciers are broadly distributed across High Mountain Asia and have made a number of contributions to water circulation for Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). The formation of large supraglacial lakes poses risks for glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Therefore, it is important to monitor the movement of glaciers and to analyze their spatiotemporal characteristics. In this study we take Cuolangma glaciers in the central Himalayas as study targets, where glacier No.1 is a lake-terminating debris-covered glacier and glacier No.2 is a land-terminating debris-covered glacier. The 3D deformation time series is firstly estimated by using the Pixel Offset-Small Baseline Subsets (PO-SBAS) based on the ascending and descending Sentinel-1 datasets spanning from January to December 2018. Then the horizontal and vertical time series displacements are obtained to show their spatiotemporal features. The velocities of glacier No.1 in horizontal and vertical direction were up to 16.0 ± 0.04 m/year and 3.4 ± 0.42 m/year, respectively, and the ones of the glacier No.2 were 12.0 ± 0.07 m/year and 2.0 ± 0.27 m/year, respectively. Next, the correlation between the precipitation and the surface velocity suggests that the glacier velocity does not show a clear association with daily precipitation alone. Finally, the debris-covered glaciers evolution is evaluated which shows that the tongue of the glacier No.1 is wasting away and the transition of glacier No.2 from land-terminating to lake-terminating is a probable scenario in the later period of glacier wastage. This research can significantly serve for glacier multidimensional monitoring and the mitigation of hazardous disaster caused by debris-covered glaciers in the central Himalayas.
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Zhao, L., L. Tian, T. Zwinger, R. Ding, J. Zong, Q. Ye, and J. C. Moore. "Numerical simulations of Gurenhekou Glacier on the Tibetan Plateau using a full-Stokes ice dynamical model." Cryosphere Discussions 7, no. 1 (January 8, 2013): 145–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-7-145-2013.

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Abstract. We investigate the impact of climate change on a small Tibetan glacier that is representative of the tens of thousands of mountain glaciers in the region. We apply a three-dimensional, thermo-mechanically coupled full-Stokes model to Gurenhekou Glacier located in the southern Tibetan Plateau. The steep and rugged geometry requires use of such a flow model to simulate the dynamical evolution of the glacier. We parameterize the temperature and mass balance using nearby automatic weather stations and an energy balance model for another glacier in the same mountain range. Summer air temperature increased at 0.02 K a−1 over the past 50 yr, and the glacier has retreated at an average rate of 8.3 m a−1. Prognostic simulations suggest an accelerated retreating rate up to 14 m a−1 for the next 50 yr under continued steady warming, which is consistent with observed increased retreat in the last decade. However, regional climate models suggest a marked increase in warming rate over Tibet during the 21st century, and this rate causes about a 1% per year loss of glaciated area and glacier volume. These changes imply that this small glacier will probably disappear in a century. Although Tibetan glaciers are not particularly sensitive to climate warming, the rather high warming rates predicted by regional climate models combined with the small sizes of most Tibetan glaciers suggest that significant numbers of glaciers will be lost in the region during the 21st century.
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Zou, Fang, Robert Tenzer, and Shuanggen Jin. "Water Storage Variations in Tibet from GRACE, ICESat, and Hydrological Data." Remote Sensing 11, no. 9 (May 9, 2019): 1103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11091103.

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The monitoring of water storage variations is essential not only for the management of water resources, but also for a better understanding of the impact of climate change on hydrological cycle, particularly in Tibet. In this study, we estimated and analyzed changes of the total water budget on the Tibetan Plateau from the Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission over 15 years prior to 2017. To suppress overall leakage effect of GRACE monthly solutions in Tibet, we applied a forward modeling technique to reconstruct hydrological signals from GRACE data. The results reveal a considerable decrease in the total water budget at an average annual rate of −6.22 ± 1.74 Gt during the period from August 2002 to December 2016. In addition to the secular trend, seasonal variations controlled mainly by annual changes in precipitation were detected, with maxima in September and minima in December. A rising temperature on the plateau is likely a principal factor causing a continuous decline of the total water budget attributed to increase melting of mountain glaciers, permafrost, and snow cover. We also demonstrate that a substantial decrease in the total water budget due to melting of mountain glaciers was partially moderated by the increasing water storage of lakes. This is evident from results of ICESat data for selected major lakes and glaciers. The ICESat results confirm a substantial retreat of mountain glaciers and an increasing trend of major lakes. An increasing volume of lakes is mainly due to an inflow of the meltwater from glaciers and precipitation. Our estimates of the total water budget on the Tibetan Plateau are affected by a hydrological signal from neighboring regions. Probably the most significant are aliasing signals due to ground water depletion in Northwest India and decreasing precipitation in the Eastern Himalayas. Nevertheless, an integral downtrend in the total water budget on the Tibetan Plateau caused by melting of glaciers prevails over the investigated period.
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Bolch, T., T. Yao, S. Kang, M. F. Buchroithner, D. Scherer, F. Maussion, E. Huintjes, and C. Schneider. "A glacier inventory for the western Nyainqentanglha Range and the Nam Co Basin, Tibet, and glacier changes 1976–2009." Cryosphere 4, no. 3 (September 29, 2010): 419–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-4-419-2010.

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Abstract. The western Nyainqentanglha Range is located in the south-eastern centre of the Tibetan Plateau. Its north-western slopes drain into Lake Nam Co. The region is of special interest for glacio-climatological research as it is influenced by both the continental climate of Central Asia and the Indian Monsoon system, and situated at the transition zone between temperate and subcontinental glaciers. A glacier inventory for the whole mountain range was generated for the year around 2001 using automated remote sensing and GIS techniques based on Landsat ETM+ and SRTM3 DEM data. Glacier change analysis was based on data from Hexagon KH-9 and Landsat MSS (both 1976), Metric Camera (1984), and Landsat TM/ETM+ (1991, 2001, 2005, 2009). Manual adjustment was especially necessary for delineating the debris-covered glaciers and the glaciers on the panchromatic Hexagon data. In the years around 2001 the whole mountain range contained about 960 glaciers covering an area of 795.6 ± 22.3 km2 while the ice in the drainage basin of Nam Co covered 198.1 ± 5.6 km2. The median elevation of the glaciers was about 5800 m with the majority terminating around 5600 m. Five glaciers with debris-covered tongues terminated lower than 5200 m. The glacier area decreased by −6.1 ± 3% between 1976 and 2001. This is less than reported in previous studies based on the 1970s topographic maps and Landsat data from 2000. Glaciers continued to shrink during the period 2001–2009. No advancing glaciers were detected. Detailed length measurements for five glaciers indicated a retreat of around 10 m per year (1976–2009). Ice cover is higher south-east of the mountain ridge which reflects the windward direction to the monsoon. The temperature increase during the ablation period was probably the main driver of glacier wastage, but the complex glacier-climate interactions need further investigation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Glaciers – Tibet, Plateau of"

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Grigholm, Bjorn. "Climate Investigations Using Glaciochemical Records from a Tibetan Ice Core and a Fresh Snow Reconnaissance Study from Tierra del Fuego." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/GrigholmB2007.pdf.

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Fujita, Koji, 耕史 藤田, Takeshi Ohta, and Yutaka Ageta. "Characteristics and climatic sensitivities of runoff from a cold-type glacier on the Tibetan Plateau." Wiley, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11361.

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Yang, Chao. "Geology, geochronology, stable isotope, and sulfides of the Tiegelongnan porphyry-epithermal Cu (Au) deposit, Tibet, China." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67954.

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Shi, Chunming. "Paleoclimate information archived in tree-ring width and tree-ring stable isotopes on Tibetan Plateau." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS0023.

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Le plateau tibétain, avec une altitude moyenne de 4000m, est appelé le « troisième pôle de la Terre ». Il est l’objet d’une attention particulière dans les études qui portent sur le changement climatique global. D’une part, il constitue un obstacle physique à la circulation atmosphérique et, d’autre part, il agit comme un régulateur thermique qui réchauffe l’air sus-jacent en été et le refroidit en hiver. Le climat du plateau tibétain n’est pas une composante isolée du climat global mais bien une composante interactive avec les autres systèmes. En particulier, le plateau joue un rôle décisif dans la variabilité de la mousson asiatique qui affecte une aire géographique conséquente et densément peuplée. Soixante pourcent des eaux du Fleuve Jaune, dont dépendent plus de 100 millions de personnes et une industrie en pleine expansion, proviennent du plateau (Zhao et al. , 2008). Or, le débit de ce fleuve a diminué régulièrement depuis les années 1950 (Liu and Xia, 2004; Chang et al. , 2007). Il est crucial de comprendre comment les variations climatiques locales et globales affectent l’approvisionnement en eau de cette région appelée le « Château d’eau » de la Chine. Les enregistrements instrumentaux, qui ont généralement démarré dans la seconde moitié du 20ème siècle, sont toutefois trop courts pour appréhender la variabilité climatique. Le plateau tibétain offre une variété d’archives climatiques permettant d’étendre notre connaissance de la variabilité du climat au-delà des séries instrumentales. Le climat de haute altitude permet la formation de cernes d’arbres qui peuvent être parfaitement datés et offrent l’accès à une résolution saisonnière à annuelle. La largeur des cernes et la composition isotopique d’arbres anciens permettent, dans certaines conditions, de quantifier des paramètres clés du climat. Le potentiel de ces proxies pour reconstruire la variabilité des paramètres liés au cycle hydrologique (précipitation, humidité relative, couverture nuageuse, débit des rivières) reste à explorer. Cette thèse vise à répondre aux questions concernant la variabilité climatique sur le plateau au cours des derniers siècles. Les objectifs spécifiques sont : a) de déterminer les relations entre les variables climatiques du plateau et les paramètres des arbres (largeurs de cernes et composition isotopique de l’oxygène et du carbone de la cellulose) sur la période instrumentale, b) d’obtenir de longues séries de valeurs de largeurs de cernes et de composition isotopique de la cellulose et de les interpréter en termes climatiques, c) de reconstruire la variabilité climatique à partir de ces données et de leur confrontation à d’autres enregistrements de la variabilité climatique passée
The Tibetan plateau, 4000m high, is called the earth’s third pole. No other area in the world is a water repository of such size, serving as a lifeline for much of a continent and millions of people in countries downstream. The water supply in this head water region accounts for instance for more than 60% of the total runoff to the Yellow River (Zhao et al. , 2008). Climate evolution in Tibet would potentially have serious impacts. The current climate change could thus cause a rapid retreat of the glaciers with significant consequences on water resources in the region. However, the glacier water balance is influenced not only by local temperature variations, but also by precipitation ones. In southern Tibet, precipitation events exhibit a strong interannual-to-decadal variability directly related to the variability of Indian monsoon rainfall. To decipher the causes and the driving forces of water supply variability in the ‘water tower’ of China, it is therefore crucial to understand how it is affected by local and global climate changes. The climate and river flow in the source region of the Yellow River are documented through instrumental records starting in the 20th century. The Tibetan Plateau can offer a variety of climate archives but high-resolution proxy data, which are needed to document long-term climate change impacts, are still scarce in this area. The width and the isotopic composition of tree-ring have shown to be very valuable proxies of climate parameters. However, the potential of these proxies for reconstructing parameters linked to the hydrological cycle (precipitation, relative humidity, cloud cover, river flow) in this area still needs to be investigated. This thesis aims at characterizing climate variability in the Southern Tibetan Plateau over the last centuries. The main goals are: a) to determine the relations between some key climate parameters and tree-ring parameters (ring-width and cellulose 13C and 18O) over the instrumental time-period, b) to reconstruct and interpret climate variability in the South-Eastern Plateau over the last centuries from new tree-ring chronologies
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Wang, Baiqiu, and 王伯秋. "Magmatic and sedimentary constraints on the evolution of the triassic Yidun Arc, eastern Tibet." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50605719.

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The Yidun Terrane in the eastern Tibetan plateau is separated from the Songpan-Ganzi Terrane by the Ganzi-Litang suture zone to the east and Qiangtang Block by the Jinsha suture zone to the west. Both suture zones are marked by eastern Paleo-Tethyan ophiolites. The western part of the Yidun Terrane, the Zhongza Massif, is dominated by Paleozoic sedimentary sequences. In the eastern part, Triassic subduction-related plutonic rocks and volcanic-flysch successions of the Yidun Group are important elements for understanding the evolution of eastern Paleo-Tethys and amalgamation of East Asia. The Yidun Group includes the Lieyi, Qugasi, Tumugou and Lanashan Formations from base upwards. Two major depocenters for the Yidun Group can be recognized. Sedimentary detritus supplying for the northern depocenter were dominantly sourced from the Zhongza Massif and received recycling components in a passive margin setting. In the southern depocenter, the Qugasi Formation accumulated materials from the Zhongza Massif, whereas the Tumugou Formation received additional materials from locally distributed Triassic arc rocks and crystalline basement rocks, which indicates transition from a passive margin to a magmatic arc setting. In the southern Yidun Terrane, (quartz-) dioritic hypabyssal intrusions are spatially associated with andesites and dacites and have zircon U-Pb ages from ~230 to 215 Ma. They have adakitic geochemical features and are divided into the ~230-215 Ma high silica (HSA) and ~215 Ma low silica (LSA) adakitic rocks. The HSA formed from subducted slab melts with limited interaction with the overlying mantle wedge, whereas the LSA were generated from slab melts with more extensive interaction with mantle due to slab break-off at ~215 Ma. In the northern Yidun Terrane, granitic plutons and volcanic rocks occur in two parallel N-S belts. The ~228 Ma volcanic rocks in the Xiangcheng region are adakites generated from slab melts, whereas the ~231-230 Ma volcanic rocks in the Changtai region, including basalts, andesites, dacites and rhyolites, formed in a back-arc setting. The Changtai basalts were produced by low degrees of partial melting of an OIB-like mantle source with minor involvement of subducted slab components. The Changtai andesites/dacites represent evolved members from the basaltic magmas through an AFC process, whereas the rhyolites formed from anatexis of a garnet-bearing crustal source. These volcanic rocks are 4-6 mys older than arc granitic rocks in the northern Yidun Terrane. The spatio-temporal framework of all the subdution-related igneous rocks suggests initiation of subduction of the Ganzi-Litang oceanic lithophere under the southern Yidun Terrane at ~230 Ma, resulting in the adakitic magmatism in the Shangri-La and Xiangcheng regions and the back-arc magmatism in the Changtai region. Subsequently at ~224 Ma, the subduction extended to the northern Yidun Terrane, leading to the formation of the arc granitic plutons. From south to north, the Yidun Terrane was sequentially amalgamated with the Songpan-Ganzi Terrane during the Late Triassic.
published_or_final_version
Earth Sciences
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Wang, Yun Summer, and 王筠. "Love to the eternity : eco-tourism design along Qinghai-Tibet railway." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207151.

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Transportation is an integral par t of the tourism industry. It is largely due to the improvement of transportation that tourism has expanded. The impacts on the ecology, degradation of destination sites, tourist experience, and economy has called for a better management of this resource. Transportation can be divided into two parts. One is the mobility infrastructure such as railway and highway, connecting and sometimes dividing the tourism destination. And another is site infrastructure which is in the tourism destination and guides the tourists to explore the place. Few places are as globally significant as the Tibetan Plateau, writes Daniel J Miller. Understanding this means looking at the region from a holistic, ecological standpoint. It has huge biodiversity resource and stores a lot of ice on the mountain. Religious affect this area so that it can remain in the harmony of the people and the nature. The Qinghai-Tibet railway is built for the policy or economic reason after is construction finished in 1st of July, 2006. This transportation greatly changed this area. The tourists’ trend increases 30% in Qinghai and 40% in Tibet in 2007. The income of the tourism also increased. Then the conflict occurred, on the ecological aspect: the wildlife, the One is the stepping destroy by the tourist which may cause soil erosion or vegetation destroy. And the social aspect, tourism reform the local people’s life, increases their income but also challenges the line of their religious faith. The stations along the railway became my focus point. They were like the start point, we can see the government intention, and the economic opportunity. In the meanwhile, it could also be the pollution resource and damage beginning. We can’t just simply stop people from going there. Since the railway is just like a window, advertising the beautiful landscape. If the station can’t access, people will find another way to access, in an uncontrolled way. So it is also an opportunity for expressing a new definition of tourism. Education, love, ecotourism. To make the place love for the people, so that they will have the ownership, they want this landscape keeps forever, so that it be an eternity. My thesis is trying to reach a more sustainable way to develop tourism in this very sensitive area, to create a couple of well-designed station stops which does strict (no access) protection for these areas. My intention is to create a system that combines education and the exploration in tourism.
published_or_final_version
Architecture
Master
Master of Landscape Architecture
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Chen, Yiwei, and 陈怡伟. "Optical dating investigation into the slip rate of Altyn Tagh fault and evolution of Zhari Namco, Tibetan Plateau." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197127.

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New applications of the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating were carried out with the aim of understanding late Quaternary activities for the Tibetan Plateau. This included studying the slip rate of the Altyn Tagh Fault, northeast Tibetan Plateau, and revealing the environmental changes derived from large inland lake’s evolution, central south Tibet. Two deflected streams across the Altyn Tagh Fault close to Aksay (39°24.572’N, 94°16.012’E) were investigated. Geomorphological analysis suggests that loess covering deflected stream banks has recorded past faulting events. A conceptual model is proposed illustrating the relationship. OSL dating of sixteen loess samples at both streams support the model, suggesting the loess is deposited episodically after fault strikes and subsequent channel wall refreshment. The age and offset indicate a slip rate of 11 ±2 mm/yr for this part of the Altyn Tagh Fault. Another river section near Aksay was also investigated for the slip rate information. Two risers between three terraces are clearly offset; OSL dating of loess covering terrace surfaces yielded terrace ages. Using the upper-terrace age to represent riser displacement duration, the rate is estimated to be 12 ±1 mm/yr. The result suggests that using upper terrace is more suitable in this region. Notably, though, the slow rate is at odds with proposals that assume high-speed extrusion (~23 mm/year) of the Tibetan Plateau being accommodated by the Altyn Tagh Fault. Palaeo-shorelines around the third largest lake in Tibet, Zhari Namco, were for the first time systematically investigated using OSL dating. Twenty-two sediment samples from eleven shorelines indicate that the water level has dropped ~128 m and the lake has undergone stepwise shrinkage since 8.2 ka. Digital elevation model calculation indicates the lake has shrunk from 4605 km2 in size at 8.2 ka to 996 km2 at present, which is equivalent to ~300 km3 of water. This implies a significant reduction in precipitation over the past 8.2 ka, a result of weakening Indian Monsoon or a shift of monsoon circulation path. The result is consistent with other lake-core, ice-core climate proxies and solar insolation changes, implying the dominance of a weakening Indian Monsoon over central Tibet in the Holocene. Using the elevation of the highest shoreline of the four largest lakes in Tibet, the early Holocene Pan-lake hypothesis is proposed for the central Tibet. In addition to these applications of OSL dating, technical studies on sensitivity changes and residual doses have been carried out for potassium rich feldspar (K-feldspar). Recent development of infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signals from K-feldspar has shown great potential for extending the datable range for OSL dating. Sensitivity changes and residual doses of post-IR IRSL and multi-elevated -temperature post-IR IRSL protocols for K-feldspar were studied. A sensitivity decrease is observed after adopting a high temperature IRSL. IRSL signals stimulated at high temperature are found to contain large residual doses. The residual dose rises with stimulation time, suggesting that the initial part of IRSL signals contains more easy-to-bleach signals comparing with the later part.
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Earth Sciences
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Doctor of Philosophy
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8

Goussin, Fanny. "Subductions continentales au Tibet Central : héritages pétrologique, rhéologique et construction d'un plateau." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAU007/document.

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Quand et comment le Plateau Tibétain s'est édifié demeure une question complexe, aux nombreuses implications pour la compréhension du comportement des lithosphères continentales en collision. Certains modèles mettent en avant l'importance du sous-plaquage de la lithosphère indienne et d'un épaississement localisé aux limites de micro-plaques asiatiques rigides ; tandis que d'autres considèrent au contraire que la lithosphère asiatique est peu résistante et se déforme de manière distribuée. La base croissante de données de haute qualité documentant les processus de surface et les processus profonds doit à présent être intégrée afin de contraindre les différents modèles d'évolution du Plateau. Ce travail de thèse se concentre sur le nord-est du bloc du Qiangtang, au Tibet Central : alors qu'elle constitue un élément clé pour les reconstructions et les modèles, cette région demeure l'une des moins étudiées de la zone de collision. Dans une première partie, l'acquisition de nouveaux âges 40Ar/39Ar de la déformation tardi-triasique (215-200 Ma) sur la suture de Jinsha, ainsi que la datation et l'étude métamorphique de xénolites crustales à corindon d'âge Trias Inférieur (249 Ma) échantillonnées dans des laves éocènes, mettent en évidence le rôle majeur et sous-estimé des subductions mésozoïques dans l'épaississement crustal total. Les résultats suggèrent que la région avait atteint, avant le début de l'Éocène, une épaisseur crustale de l'ordre de 45 à 55 km, soit près de 80% de son épaisseur actuelle de 66 km. Cet épaississement crustal mésozoique fut probablement en grande partie la conséquence du magmatisme d'arc du NE-Qiangtang, lié à 80 Ma de subductions océaniques à ses bordures. Ces nterprétations sont cohérentes avec les données régionales d'émersion et de paléoaltitude entre le Trias et l'Éocène. Dans une seconde partie, l'étude pétrologique et géochimique de roches magmatiques d'âge Éocène des bassins de Xialaxiu et de Nangqian suggère un intense métasomatisme du manteau lithosphérique source par des fluides ou magmas riches en H2O et en CO2. Ces résultats servent de point de départ à une série de modèles rhéologiques et thermomécaniques visant à caractériser le comportement d'une telle lithosphère dans un contexte de convergence continentale. Nous montrons que le manteau lithosphérique sous notre région d'étude à l'Éocène était à la fois très peu résistant (logmin~2.3), très peu dense (~3310 kg/m3 à 2 GPa), et possédait un solidus fortement défléchi vers les basses températures aux moyennes pressions mantelliques (~930°C à 3 GPa). À partir de ces caractéristiques, les modèles thermo-mécaniques laissent envisager un régime atypique de déformation et de fusion partielle, par l'injection de manteau lithosphérique métasomatisé dans l'asthénosphère sous-jacente. Celui-ci reproduit correctement l'intervalle de temps et la distance entre les épisodes magmatiques de Xialaxiu et de Nangqian, ainsi que la magnitude de l'épaississement crustal dans notre région d'étude, sans impliquer de délamination de la racine lithosphérique adoucie. Ces résultats nous amènent à proposer un réexamen des données géophysiques disponibles sur le manteau lithosphérique tibétain, dans lequel la zone de faibles vitesses sismiques imagée à l'aplomb du Tibet Central pourrait être interprétée en terme d'anomalie chimique et minéralogique, et non d'anomalie thermique
How and when the Tibetan Plateau was built remains a complicated issue, with many implications for our understanding of the behaviour of colliding continental lithospheres. Some models highlight the importance of the underthrusting of the Indian lithosphere and of localized thickening at the edges of rigid Asian microplates ; while others consider that the Asian lithosphere is weak and deforms in a distributed manner. The growing, high-quality database documenting deep and surface processes has now to be integrated in order to constrain the different evolution models of the Plateau.This thesis work focuses on the north-eastern Qiangtang block in Central Tibet : although it is a keystone for reconstructions and models, this region remains one of the least studied of the collision zone.In a first part, new 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Late Triassic (215-200 Ma) deformation on the Jinsha suture, along with a metamorphic study of Early Triassic (249 Ma) corundum-bearing crustal xenoliths sampled in Eocene magmatic rocks, shed light on the the major, but underestimated role played by the Mesozoic subductions in bulk crustal thickening. Our results suggest that prior to the Eocene, our study area had reached a crustal thickness of 45-55 km, i.e 80% of its present-day crustal thickness of 66 km. This Mesozoic crustal thickening was likely achieved by continental arc magmatism related to the 80 Ma of continuous oceanic subductions on both edges of the NE-Qiangtang terrane.These interpretations are consistent with the regional emersion and paleo-altitude data.In a second part, a petrological and geochemical study of Eocene magmatic rocksfrom the Nangqian and Xialaxiu basins suggests an intense metasomatism of the source lithospheric mantle by H2O- and CO2-rich fluids or melts. These results are used as a starting point for a series of rheological and thermo-mechanical models, to characterize the behaviour of such lithosphere in a continental convergence context. We show that the lithospheric mantle underlying our study area in the Eocene was particularly weak (logmin~2.3) and buoyant (~3310 kg/m3 à 2 GPa), and its solidus was deflected to low temperatures at medium mantle pressures (~930°C à 3 GPa). From these characteristics, thermo-mechanical models forecast an atypical deformational and partial melting regime, through the injection of metasomatized lithospheric mantle into the asthenosphere, whichadequately reproduces the timing and location of Xialaxiu and Nangqian magmatic events, and the magnitude of crustal thickening observed in our study area, without any delamination of the weakened lithospheric root.This eventually leads us to reconsider the available geophysical data for the Tibetan lithospheric mantle : the low-velocity zone imaged beneath Central Tibet could indeed represent a geochemical, rather than thermal anomaly
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9

He, Siyuan. "Hydrological processes and meadow degradation in the Kobresia meadow of Northern Tibet." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648713.

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Wang, Baolai. "Some aspects of plateau permafrost, Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau, China, and a comparison with the Mackenzie Delta region, Canada." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6840.

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Differences in permafrost conditions between the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau and the Mackenzie Delta region primarily relate to their Quaternary histories and their current climates. For example, the Tibetan Plateau has experienced uplift of at least 3,000 m during the last 2 million years. Under the present climatic conditions, the lower altitudinal limit of the plateau permafrost in the north is at 4,150 m a.s.l. This suggests that if the Plateau were 1,000 m lower than its present elevation, there would be no permafrost. During the Quaternary, the Tibetan Plateau remained unglaciated. This has meant that little water was available for the formation of massive ground ice, in contrast to the Mackenzie Delta region. Located at 68-69$\sp\circ$N, the Mackenzie Delta region experiences a combination of low air temperature in winter, a long solar night and a short thaw period in summer. The result is a relatively thin active layer. Located at 30-34$\sp\circ$N, the Tibetan Plateau experiences much higher solar insolation, and a diurnal temperature rhythm. The thickness of the active layer is much greater than in the Mackenzie Delta region and varies between 1.3 and 3 m or more. Permafrost on the Tibetan Plateau is much warmer and thinner than that in the Mackenzie Delta region. One consequence is that it is more sensitive to any changes in climate and surface conditions. Deep ground temperatures in the Pleistocene Mackenzie Delta indicate a recent warming trend, while a cooling trend in the Modern Delta likely relates to local factors such as channel shifting and emergence and/or sedimentation in the Mackenzie River. Water bodies are a cause of geothermal disturbances common to both regions. Numerical simulation of rapid coastal retreat in the Mackenzie Delta region indicates that subsea permafrost is at least 3$\sp\circ$C warmer than adjacent terrestrial permafrost. On the Tibetan Plateau, faulting also disturbs the geothermal regime. Measurements of in situ permafrost creep in the Fenghuo Shan area are one indicator of the warmer permafrost temperatures on the Tibetan Plateau. The average creep velocity ranges from 0.16 cm/year at 2.8 m depth to 0.54 cm/year at 1.6 m depth. These velocities are greater than those recently obtained from the High Arctic of Canada and are approximately of the order of magnitude as those obtained in the Mackenzie Valley. Inter-continental comparison of creep data suggests that climate controls the regional (large scale) magnitude of creep, and that ground ice is a local factor controlling creep rate in a particular area or site. A constitutive relationship (secondary creep power flow law) was applied to the field creep data; and creep parameters A and n were determined for each of the three different depths in the West Valley, Fenghuo Shan area, Tibetan Plateau.
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Books on the topic "Glaciers – Tibet, Plateau of"

1

Gongjian, Wu, Xiao Xuchang, and Li Tingdong, eds. Yadong to Golmud Transect: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gt003.

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Cheng, Mien-pʻing. An introduction to saline lakes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997.

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Mianping, Zheng. An Introduction to Saline Lakes on the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5458-1.

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Xizang: Yuan fang de shang fang = Tibet : a distant spiritual plateau. Nanchang Shi: Bai hua zhou wen yi chu ban she, 2010.

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Sino-W. German Scientific Expedition (1981). Reports on the northeastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau. Edited by Hövermann Jürgen and Wang Wen-ying. Beijing, China: Science Press, 1987.

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Wang, Wenying, and Jürgen Hövermann. Reports on the northeastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) plateau. Beijing: Science Press, 1987.

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Zhongguo Xizang gao yuan shi di: Plateau wetland in Tibet of China. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo lin ye chu ban she, 2013.

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Chengfa, Chang, Royal Society (Great Britain), and Zhongguo ke xue yuan, eds. The geological evolution of Tibet: Report of the 1985 Royal Society-Academia Sinica Geotraverse of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. London: Royal Society, 1988.

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Upper Tibet Circumnavigation Expedition, 2000., ed. Antiquities of upper Tibet: An inventory of pre-Buddhist archaeological sites on the high plateau : findings of the Upper Tibet Circumnavigation Expedition, 2000. Delhi: Adroit Publishers, 2002.

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R, Schaeffer Kurtis, ed. Among Tibetan texts: History and literature of the Himalayan Plateau. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Glaciers – Tibet, Plateau of"

1

Chang, Chen-Fa, Yu-Sheng Pan, and Yi-Ying Sun. "The Tectonic Evolution of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: A Review." In Tectonic Evolution of the Tethyan Region, 415–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2253-2_18.

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Mianping, Zheng. "Introduction." In An Introduction to Saline Lakes on the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau, 1–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5458-1_1.

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Mianping, Zheng. "Biomineralization of Boron and Other Halotolerant Organisms." In An Introduction to Saline Lakes on the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau, 200–210. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5458-1_10.

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Mianping, Zheng. "Division of Minerogenic Zones and Prediction of Resource Potential." In An Introduction to Saline Lakes on the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau, 211–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5458-1_11.

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Mianping, Zheng. "Prospects of Development of Resources of Saline Lakes and their Environmental Protection." In An Introduction to Saline Lakes on the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau, 231–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5458-1_12.

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Mianping, Zheng. "Saline Lakes and Lake Districts." In An Introduction to Saline Lakes on the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau, 18–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5458-1_2.

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Mianping, Zheng. "Evolution of Cenozoic Lake Basins and the Formation of Saline Lakes." In An Introduction to Saline Lakes on the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau, 23–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5458-1_3.

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Mianping, Zheng. "Hydrochemistry and Mineral Associations of Saline Lakes." In An Introduction to Saline Lakes on the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau, 55–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5458-1_4.

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Mianping, Zheng. "Classification of Saline Lakes and Types of Mineral Deposit." In An Introduction to Saline Lakes on the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau, 79–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5458-1_5.

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Mianping, Zheng. "Tectonogeochemistry and Regional Geochemistry." In An Introduction to Saline Lakes on the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau, 85–122. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5458-1_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Glaciers – Tibet, Plateau of"

1

Ke, Linghong, Xiaoli Ding, Lei Zhang, C. K. Shum, Cheinway Hwang, and Yuanni Luo. "Remote sensing of glacier distribution and change over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau." In 2016 4th International Workshop on Earth Observation and Remote Sensing Applications (EORSA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eorsa.2016.7552847.

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Chen, Hong, Sheng Chang, Liqiang Tong, Zhaocheng Guo, Jienan Tu, and Peng He. "A Machine-Learning based Method for Glacier Lakes Extraction in Qinghai Tibet Plateau." In IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss46834.2022.9884925.

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Zhou, Jianmin, and Zhen Li. "Estimation the motion of Dongkemadi Glacier in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using differential SAR interferometry with corner reflectors." In IGARSS 2011 - 2011 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2011.6049895.

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Yao, Yongqiang, Hongshuai Wang, Liyong Liu, Yiping Wang, Xuan Qian, and Jia Yin. "Site characterization studies in high plateau of Tibet." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by Larry M. Stepp, Roberto Gilmozzi, and Helen J. Hall. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.925917.

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Li, Zhongqiu. "Effects of Qinghai-Tibet Railway and Highway on Plateau Picas." In 2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology (iCBEB). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbeb.2012.189.

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Yang, Y., Z. Feng, D. Liu, and J. Zhang. "The Spatial-temporal Change of Grassland in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau." In 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2006.795.

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Qin, Yinghong. "Estimate the Permafrost Degradation at Muli Coalfield, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau." In 14th Conference on Cold Regions Engineering. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41072(359)19.

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Feng, Cangxu, Jun Liu, Xiao Cui, and Lei Zhang. "Monitoring of Qinghai–Tibet plateau hydrothermal circulation with heat pulse." In 2013 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Engineering. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/icbeee130641.

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Wang, Ge, and Lin Han. "Progress of Research on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Satellite Remote Sensing." In 2012 2nd International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2012.6260667.

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Xie, Zhenhong, Qigang Jiang, and Hao Wu. "Carbon cycle review of the permafrost in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau." In 2011 19th International Conference on Geoinformatics. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/geoinformatics.2011.5980869.

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