Relevant bibliographies by topics / Glacial ice flow

Academic literature on the topic 'Glacial ice flow'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Glacial ice flow"

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Shangguan, Donghui, Da Li, Yongjian Ding, Jun Liu, Muhammad Naveed Anjum, Yaojun Li, and Wanqin Guo. "Determining the Events in a Glacial Disaster Chain at Badswat Glacier in the Karakoram Range Using Remote Sensing." Remote Sensing 13, no. 6 (March 18, 2021): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13061165.

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The Karakoram mountain range is prone to natural disasters such as glacial surging and glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) events. In this study, we aimed to document and reconstruct the sequence of events caused by glacial debris flows that dammed the Immit River in the Hindu Kush Karakoram Range on 17 July 2018. We used satellite remote sensing and field data to conduct the analyses. The order of the events in the disaster chain were determined as follows: glacial meltwater from the G2 glacier (ID: G074052E36491N) transported ice and debris that dammed the meltwater at the snout of the G1 glacier (ID: G074103E36480N), then the debris flow dammed the Immit River and caused Lake Badswat to expand. We surveyed the extent of these events using remote sensing imagery. We analyzed the glaciers’ responses to this event chain and found that the glacial debris flow induced G1 to exhibit accelerating ice flow in parts of the region from 25 July 2018 to 4 August 2018. According to the records from reanalysis data and data from the automatic weather station located 75 km from Lake Badswat, the occurrence of this disaster chain was related to high temperatures recorded after 15 July 2018. The chains of events caused by glacially related disasters makes such hazards more complex and dangerous. Therefore, this study is useful not only for understanding the formation of glacial disaster chains, but also for framing mitigation plans to reduce the risks for vulnerable downstream/upstream residents.
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Sharpe, David R. "Late Glacial landforms of Wollaston Peninsula, Victoria Island, Northwest Territories: product of ice-marginal retreat, surge, and mass stagnation." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 25, no. 2 (February 1, 1988): 262–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e88-029.

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An analysis of glacial landforms on a regional scale leads to an interpretation of the dynamics of Late Wisconsinan glaciation on Wollaston Peninsula, Victoria Island, Northwest Territories. The glacial record is dominated by four adjacent belts of landforms: (I) ground moraine (till plains and ice-marginal drainage features), (II) hummocky moraine, (III) lateral and shear moraine, and (IV) streamlined landforms. The landform belts are considered as representing four distinct glacial ice conditions or regimes: (1) ice-margin retreat during extending flow of thin, active ice; (2) marginal ice stagnation following compressional flow; (3) a surging ice margin producing massive shear moraines; and (4) large-scale flooding and mass ice stagnation following a surge. These landform belts were arranged in zones by topographically controlled glacial dynamics, the latter two defining a former ice stream.Glaciological inferences can be extended by examining the sediments and processes that produced each landform set. Ground-moraine sediments were produced mainly subglacially from melt out or lodgment of glacial debris. Hummocky moraine resulted from debris flow and meltwater deposition controlled by ice, from resedimentation by sediment gravity flow, and from slump. Compressional shearing stacked thick deposits of drift prior to resedimentation. Simple lateral or end moraines may comprise interbedded sediment gravity flows deposited at static ice margins. Deformed lateral moraines resulted from intense marginal compressive flow that sheared and stacked thick, coarse sediment ridges or plates. This lateral shearing may be attributed to streaming or large ice surges. Drumlin exposures showed undeformed, interbedded, stratified sediments that appear to have accumulated in a subglacial cavity; there is no deformation related to high subglacial stress. Subglacial meltwater floods may have followed glacier surge. The greatly extended and thinner ice mass produced by the surge melted in place as clean (debris-free) ice.
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Ershkov, Sergey, and Dmytro Leshchenko. "Revisiting Glacier Dynamics for Stationary Approximation of Plane-Parallel Creeping Flow." Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems 8, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 721–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/mmep.080506.

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We have presented in this analytical research the revisiting of approach for mathematical modeling the Glacier dynamics in terms of viscous-plastic theory of 2-dimensional movements within (x, y)-plane in cartesian coordinates. The stationary creeping approximation for the plane-parallel flow of slowly moving glacial ice on absolutely flat surface without any inclination has been considered. Even in such simple formulation, equations of motion that governs by the dynamics of viscous-plastic flow of glacial ice is hard to be solved analytically. We have succeeded in obtaining analytical expression for the components of velocity in Ox-direction of motion for slowly moving glacial ice (Ox-axis coincides to the initial main direction of slowly moving glacial ice). Restrictions on the form of flow stem from the continuity equation as well as from the special condition for non-Newtonian (viscous-plastic) flow have been used insofar.
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Barnett, Peter J., and Paul F. Karrow. "Ice-marginal sedimentation and processes of diamicton deposition in large proglacial lakes, Lake Erie, Ontario, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 55, no. 7 (July 2018): 846–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2017-0006.

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Detailed studies of coastal cliff exposures through two end moraines form the basis for a model of ice-marginal sedimentation in large ice-contact glacier-fed lakes. The input to the ice-marginal environment directly from the glacier included subglacial till and subaquatic flow tills. The subaquatic flow till (thinly bedded diamicton) was deposited in an apron (up to 1 km wide) along the ice margin. An upward gradient of pore-water pressure immediately beyond the ice margin, causing heaving and dilation of the sediments, initiated debris flows of glacially derived debris (subaquatic flow tills). Most of the stratified sediments in the ice-marginal zone entered the lake by way of a large proglacial stream. Sedimentation was dominated by quasi- or near-continuous density underflows that resulted in the deposition of a sequence of thick rhythmites. The glacier in the Lake Erie basin most likely behaved like an ice stream, with its movement controlled predominantly by a deforming bed of glacial debris, separating the glacier sole from underlying predeposited sediments. The deforming bed is preserved as a massive diamicton layer, interpreted here as subglacially deposited till.
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Seguinot, Julien, Susan Ivy-Ochs, Guillaume Jouvet, Matthias Huss, Martin Funk, and Frank Preusser. "Modelling last glacial cycle ice dynamics in the Alps." Cryosphere 12, no. 10 (October 10, 2018): 3265–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-3265-2018.

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Abstract. The European Alps, the cradle of pioneering glacial studies, are one of the regions where geological markers of past glaciations are most abundant and well-studied. Such conditions make the region ideal for testing numerical glacier models based on simplified ice flow physics against field-based reconstructions and vice versa. Here, we use the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM) to model the entire last glacial cycle (120–0 ka) in the Alps, using horizontal resolutions of 2 and 1 km. Climate forcing is derived using two sources: present-day climate data from WorldClim and the ERA-Interim reanalysis; time-dependent temperature offsets from multiple palaeo-climate proxies. Among the latter, only the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) ice core record yields glaciation during marine oxygen isotope stages 4 (69–62 ka) and 2 (34–18 ka). This is spatially and temporally consistent with the geological reconstructions, while the other records used result in excessive early glacial cycle ice cover and a late Last Glacial Maximum. Despite the low variability of this Antarctic-based climate forcing, our simulation depicts a highly dynamic ice sheet, showing that Alpine glaciers may have advanced many times over the foreland during the last glacial cycle. Ice flow patterns during peak glaciation are largely governed by subglacial topography but include occasional transfluences through the mountain passes. Modelled maximum ice surface is on average 861 m higher than observed trimline elevations in the upper Rhône Valley, yet our simulation predicts little erosion at high elevation due to cold-based ice. Finally, despite the uniform climate forcing, differencesin glacier catchment hypsometry produce a time-transgressive Last Glacial Maximum advance, with some glaciers reaching their modelled maximum extent as early as 27 ka and others as late as 21 ka.
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Parent, Michel, Serge J. Paradis, and Éric Boisvert. "Ice-flow patterns and glacial transport in the eastern Hudson Bay region: implications for the late Quaternary dynamics of the Laurentide Ice Sheet." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 32, no. 12 (December 1, 1995): 2057–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e95-159.

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Recent field surveys in the eastern Hudson Bay region have led to the discovery of regional ice-flow sequences that require a significant reassessment of the late Quaternary dynamics of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Two regional ice-flow phases can be recognized from till compositional data and from crosscutting relationships observed on striated bedrock surfaces: the oldest is directed toward the northwest and north-northwest, while the youngest is directed toward the west and includes a late-glacial deflection toward the southwest. The wide regional distribution of striae formed during the early northwestward glacial movement together with the recognition of palimpsest glacial dispersal trains associated with this phase suggest that it was a long-lived, time-transgressive regional event. The ensuing glacial movement is a regionally dominant westward ice-flow phase during which several large glacial dispersal trains were formed downglacier from distinctive bedrock sources. The largest of these trains extends westward over a distance of 120 km from Lac à l'Eau Claire to Hudson Bay. Regional glacial transport data as well as glacial and deglacial landforms indicate that this was a long-lived glacial phase, likely lasting throughout the Late Wisconsinan glacial maximum and until déglaciation about 8000 BP. The erosional and depositional record of the northwestward ice-flow event is quite comparable to that of the ensuing glacial phase, and it is thus thought to represent the Early Wisconsinan glacial maximum. In view of the large regional extent of the northwestward ice-flow phase, it must postdate the early buildup of the ice sheet. Along the southeastern Hudson Bay coast, the Late Wisconsinan westward glacial movement was followed by a southwestward deflection that was likely caused by glacial streaming prior to 8000 BP in James Bay, in response to calving and surging into Glacial Lake Ojibway.
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Headley, R. M., and T. A. Ehlers. "Ice flow models and glacial erosion over multiple glacial–interglacial cycles." Earth Surface Dynamics 3, no. 1 (March 2, 2015): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-3-153-2015.

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Abstract. Mountain topography is constructed through a variety of interacting processes. Over glaciological timescales, even simple representations of glacial-flow physics can reproduce many of the distinctive features formed through glacial erosion. However, detailed comparisons at orogen time and length scales hold potential for quantifying the influence of glacial physics in landscape evolution models. We present a comparison using two different numerical models for glacial flow over single and multiple glaciations, within a modified version of the ICE-Cascade landscape evolution model. This model calculates not only glaciological processes but also hillslope and fluvial erosion and sediment transport, isostasy, and temporally and spatially variable orographic precipitation. We compare the predicted erosion patterns using a modified SIA as well as a nested, 3-D Stokes flow model calculated using COMSOL Multiphysics. Both glacial-flow models predict different patterns in time-averaged erosion rates. However, these results are sensitive to the climate and the ice temperature. For warmer climates with more sliding, the higher-order model yields erosion rates that vary spatially and by almost an order of magnitude from those of the SIA model. As the erosion influences the basal topography and the ice deformation affects the ice thickness and extent, the higher-order glacial model can lead to variations in total ice-covered area that are greater than 30% those of the SIA model, again with larger differences for temperate ice. Over multiple glaciations and long timescales, these results suggest that higher-order glacial physics should be considered, particularly in temperate, mountainous settings.
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Headley, R. M., and T. A. Ehlers. "Ice flow models and glacial erosion over multiple glacial–interglacial cycles." Earth Surface Dynamics Discussions 2, no. 1 (June 4, 2014): 389–428. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurfd-2-389-2014.

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Abstract. Mountain topography is constructed through a variety of interacting processes. Over glaciological time scales, even simple representations of glacial-flow physics can reproduce many of the distinctive features formed through glacial erosion. However, detailed comparisons at orogen time and length scales hold potential for quantifying the influence of glacial physics in landscape evolution models. We present a comparison using two different numerical models for glacial flow over single and multiple glaciations, within a modified version of the ICE-Cascade landscape evolution model. This model calculates not only glaciological processes but also hillslope and fluvial erosion and sediment transport, isostasy, and temporally and spatially variable orographic precipitation. We compare the predicted erosion patterns using a modified SIA as well as a nested, 3-D Stokes-flow model calculated using COMSOL Multiphysics. Both glacial-flow models predict different patterns in time-averaged erosion rates. However, these results are sensitive to the climate and the ice temperature. For warmer climates with more sliding, the higher-order model has a larger impact on the erosion rate, with variations of almost an order of magnitude. As the erosion influences the basal topography and the ice deformation affects the ice thickness and extent, the higher-order glacial model can lead to variations in total ice-covered that are greater than 30%, again with larger differences for temperate ice. Over multiple glaciations and long-time scales, these results suggest that consideration of higher-order glacial physics may be necessary, particularly in temperate, mountainous settings.
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Sugden, David E. "James Croll (1821–1890): ice, ice ages and the Antarctic connection." Antarctic Science 26, no. 6 (November 13, 2014): 604–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095410201400008x.

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AbstractThe thrust of this paper is that James Croll should be more generously lauded for his remarkable contribution to the study of ice ages, glacier flow and the nature of the Antarctic ice sheet. Croll was the first to calculate the link between fluctuations of the Earth’s orbit and glacial/interglacial cycles, and to identify the crucial role of positive feedback processes necessary to transform minor insolation changes into major climatic changes. He studied the mechanisms of glacier flow and explained flow over horizontal land surfaces at a continental scale, including the excavation of rock basins. Croll relied on a quantitatively based deductive approach. One of his most remarkable achievements was his study of the thickness, thermal regime and dynamics of the Antarctic ice sheet (1879). This contains important insights, which are relevant today, and yet the paper was published before anyone had landed on the continent!
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Punkari, Mikko. "Function of the ice streams in the Scandinavian ice sheet: analyses of glacial geological data from southwestern Finland." Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 85, no. 4 (1994): 283–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263593300002054.

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AbstractMapping of striae trends, macro-scale erosion forms, drumlins, morainic ridges, eskers, till fabric and boulder fans has facilitated reconstruction of glacial dynamics in terms of ice streams, marginal ice lobes and interlobate zones. Data were recorded in a computerised geographical information system (GIS).Data on oriented glaciogenic elements are compared with the evolving patterns of glacial flow. The oldest flow occurred at a distance of several hundred kilometres inside the ice margin, while the later flows were dependent on the dynamics of the ice streams and fan-shaped ice lobes. A model is developed for the zonation of subglacial processes such as erosion, deposition and till deformation beneath the ice sheet. Most of the glacial forms, as well as lower till, were generated in a zone of basal melting and fast ice flow which existed some hundred kilometres from the receding margin and was associated with the formation of ice streams. These results are consistent with recent reconstructions of basal hydrology using mathematical models.Ice streams were important for deglaciation dynamics. In the course of deglaciation, decreased shear stress on the water-saturated substratum resulted in ice-bed uncoupling which lowered the profile and accelerated flow in the ice streams. This did not happen in interstream areas as reflected by the glacial geomorphology typical of inactive ice.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Glacial ice flow"

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Stokes, Christopher Richard. "The geomorphology of palaeo-ice streams : identification, characterisation and implications for ice stream functioning." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14815/.

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Ice streams are the dominant drainage pathways of contemporary ice sheets and their location and behaviour are viewed as key controls on ice sheet stability. Identifying palaeo-ice streams is of paramount importance if we are to produce accurate reconstructions of former ice sheets and examine their critical role in the oceanclimate system. Many workers have invoked palaeo-ice streams from a variety of former ice sheets, despite a limited understanding of their glacial geomorphology. This thesis addresses the problem by predicting several diagnostic geomorphological criteria indicative of ice stream activity. These are developed objectively from the known characteristics of contemporary ice streams and can be summarised as: large flow-set dimensions (>20 km wide and >150 km long), highly convergent flow patterns, highly attenuated subglacial bedforms (length:width >10: 1), Boothia-type dispersal plumes, abrupt lateral margins «2 km), ice stream marginal moraines, evidence of pervasively deformed till, and submarine sediment accumulations (marine-terminating ice streams only). Collectively, the criteria are used to construct conceptual landsystems of palaeo-ice stream tracks. Using satellite imagery and aerial photography to map glacial geomorphology, identification of the criteria is used to validate the location of a previously hypothesised ice stream and identify a hitherto undetected palaeo-ice stream from the former Laurentide Ice Sheet. Implications for ice stream basal processes are explored and their ice sheet-wide significance is assessed. On Victoria Island (Arctic Canada) five of the geomorphological criteria are identified and the extent of the marine-based M'Clintock Channel Ice Stream is reconstructed at 720 km in length and 140 km in width. The ice stream (operating between 10,400 and 10,000 yr BP) was located within a broad topographic trough, but internal glaciological processes, rather than properties of the bed controlled the margin locations. It eroded into pre-existing unconsolidated sediments and left a spectacular pattern of subglacially-produced landforms, recording a snapshot view of the bed prior to ice stream shut-down. Sediment availability appears critical to its functioning (deformable bed?) and the debris flux of the ice stream is inferred to have been high. Frictional shut-down occurred once down-cutting through sediments reached hard bedrock close to the terminus. The presence of four of the geomorphological criteria are used to identify a terrestrial ice stream which drained the Keewatin Sector of the Laurentide Ice Sheet between ca. 10,000 and 8,500 yr BP. Its size is reconstructed at over 450 km in length and 140 km in width, and it left behind a subglacial bedform pattern consisting of highly attenuated drumlins (length:width ratios up to 48: 1) displaying exceptional parallel conformity. This represents an isochronous bedform pattern and variations in lineament elongation ratio are thought to be a useful proxy for ice velocity. Highest elongation ratios occur immediately downstream of a topographic step where the ice stream entered a sedimentary basin. It is inferred that the ice stream was triggered by climatic warming which altered the ice sheet configuration and the thermal state of the bed. A switch from cold to warm-based conditions probably triggered rapid basal sliding. The ice stream (and a tributary) shut down when it ran out of ice, causing widespread thinning of the ice sheet and subsequent deglaciation. These ice streams denote considerable ice sheet instability over both hard and soft (deformable) beds and emphasise the enormous effects that ice streams had in controlling the deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet.
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Walden, John. "The use of mineral magnetic analysis in the study of glacial diamicts." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259185.

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Fairman, Jonathan George. "Investigating paleoclimatic conditions in the tropical Andes using a 2-D model of glacial mass energy balance and ice flow /." Connect to resource, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1211912269.

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Fairman, Jonathan George Jr. "Investigating Paleoclimatic Conditions in the Tropical Andes Using A 2-D Model of Glacial Mass Energy Balance and Ice Flow." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1211912269.

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Allen, Simon Keith. "Geomorphic Hazards associated with Glacial Change, Aoraki/Mount Cook region Southern Alps, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geography, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3087.

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Glacial floods and mass movements of ice, rock or debris are a significant hazard in many populated mountainous regions, often with devastating impacts upon human settlements and infrastructure. In response to atmospheric warming, glacial retreat and permafrost thaw are expected to alter high mountain geomorphic processes, and related instabilities. In the Aoraki/Mount Cook region of New Zealand's Southern Alps, a first investigation of geomorphic hazards associated with glacial change is undertaken and is based primarily on the use of remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for mapping, modelling, and analysing related processes and terrain. Following a comprehensive review of available techniques, remote sensing methods involving the use Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Radiometer (ASTER) imagery were applied to map glacial ice, lakes and debris accumulations in the Aoraki/Mount Cook region. Glacial lakes were mapped from two separate classification techniques using visible near infrared wavelengths, capturing highly turbid and clearer water bodies. Large volume (10⁶– 10⁸ m³) proglacial lakes have developed rapidly over recent decades, with an overall 20 % increase in lake area recorded between 2002 and 2006, increasing the potential for large mass movement impacts and flooding from displaced water. Where significant long-term glacial recession has occurred, steep moraines have been exposed, and large talus slopes occupy formerly glaciated slopes at higher elevations. At the regional-scale, these potential source areas for debris instabilities were distinguished from surrounding bedrock slopes based on image texture variance. For debris and ice covered slopes, potentially unstable situations were classified using critical slope thresholds established from international studies. GIS-based flow routing was used to explore possible intersections between zones of human use and mass movement or flood events, assuming worst-case, probable maximum runout distances. Where glacial lakes are dammed by steep moraine or outwash gravel, primarily in cirque basins east of the Main Divide, modelled debris flows initiated by potential flood events did not reach any infrastructure. Other potential peri- and para-glacial debris flows from steep moraines or talus slopes can reach main roads and buildings. The direct hazard from ice avalanches is restricted to backcountry huts and walking tracks, but impacts into large glacial lakes are possible, and could produce a far reaching hazard, with modelled clear water flood-waves capable of reaching village infrastructure and main roads both east and west of the Main Divide. A numerical modelling approach for simulating large bedrock failures has been introduced, and offers potential with which to examine possible lake impacts and related scenarios. Over 500 bedrock slope failures were analysed within a GIS inventory, revealing distinct patterns in geological and topographic distribution. Rock avalanches have occurred most frequently from greywacke slopes about and east of the Main Divide, particularly from slopes steeper than 50°, and appear the only large-magnitude failure mechanism above 2500 m. In the schist terrain west of the Main Divide, and at lower elevations, other failure types predominate. The prehistoric distribution of all failure types suggests a preference for slopes facing west to northwest, and is likely to be strongly influenced by earthquake generated failures. Over the past 100 years, seismicity has not been a factor, and the most failures have been as rock avalanches from slopes facing east to southeast, particularly evident from the glaciated, and potentially permafrost affected hangingwall of the Main Divide Fault Zone. An initial estimate of permafrost distribution based on topo-climatic relationships and calibrated locally using mean annual air temperature suggested permafrost may extend down to elevations of 3000 m on sunny slopes, and as low as 2200 m on shaded slopes near the Main Divide. A network of 15 near-surface rock temperature sensors was installed on steep rock walls, revealing marginal permafrost conditions (approaching 0 °C) extending over a much larger elevation range, occurring even where air temperature is likely to remain positive, owing to extreme topographic shading. From 19 rock failures observed over the past 100 years, 13 detachment zones were located on slopes characterized by marginal permafrost conditions, including a sequence of 4 failures that occurred during summer 2007/08, in which modelled bedrock temperatures near the base of the detachments were in the range of 1.4 to +2.5 °C. Ongoing monitoring of glacial and permafrost conditions in the Aoraki/Mount Cook region is encouraged, with more than 45 km2 of extremely steep slopes (>50°) currently ice covered or above modelled permafrost elevation limits. Approaches towards modelling and analysing glacial hazards in this region are considered to be most applicable within other remote mountain regions, where seismicity and steep topography combine with possible destabilizing influences of glacial recession and permafrost degradation.
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Callens, Denis. "Impact of improved basal and surface boundary conditions on the mass balance of the Sr Rondane Mountains glacial system, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209217.

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Mass changes of polar ice sheets have an important societal impact, because they affect global sea level. Estimating the current mass budget of ice sheets is equivalent to determining the balance between the surface mass gain through precipitation and the outflow across the grounding line. In Antarctica, the latter is mainly governed by oceanic processes and outlet glacier dynamics.

In this thesis, we assess the mass balance of a part of eastern DronningMaud Land via an input/output method. Input is given by recent surface accumulation estimations of the whole drainage basin. The outflow at the grounding line is determined from the radar data of a recent airborne survey and satellite-based velocities using a flow model of combined plug flow and simple shear. We estimate the regional mass balance in this area to be between 1.88±8.50 and 3.78±3.32 Gt a−1 depending on the surface mass balance (SMB) dataset used. This study also reveals that the plug flow assumption is acceptable at the grounding line of ice streams.

The mass balance of drainage basins is governed by the dynamics of their outlet glaciers and more specifically the flow conditions at the grounding line. Thanks to an airborne radar survey we define the bed properties close to the grounding line of the West Ragnhild Glacier (WRG) in the Sør Rondane Mountains. Geometry and reflectivity analyses reveal that the bed of the last 65 km upstream of the grounding line is sediment covered and saturated with water. This setting promotes the dominance of basal motion leading to a change in the flow regime: in the interior flow is governed by internal deformation while its relative importance decreases to become driven by basal sliding.

Subsequently we present the results of the reconstruction of the SMB across an ice rise through radar data and inverse modelling. The analysis demonstrates that atmospheric circulation was stable during the last millennium. Ice rises induce an orographic uplift of the atmospheric flow and therefore influence the pattern of the SMB across them, resulting in an asymmetric SMB distribution. Since the geometry of the internal reflection horizons observed in radar data depends on the SMB pattern, the asymmetry observed in radar layers reveals the trajectories of air masses at the time of deposit. We present an original and robust method to quantify this SMB distribution. Combining shallow and deep radar layers, SMB across Derwael Ice Rise is reconstructed. Two methods are employed as a function of the depth of the layers: i.e. the shallow layer approximation for the surface radar layers and an optimization technique based on an ice flow model for the deeper ones. Both methods produce similar results. We identify a difference in SMB magnitude of 2.5 between the flanks and the ice rise divide, as well as a shift of ≈4 km between the SMB maximum and the crest. Across the ice rise, SMB exhibits a very large variability, ranging from 0.3 to 0.9 mw.e. a−1. This anomaly is robust in time.

Finally we draw a comprehensive description of the Sør Rondane Mountains sector. The glacial system is close to the equilibrium and seems stable but evidences suggest that it is a fragile equilibrium. The proximity of the open ocean certainly favours the interaction between warm water and the ice shelf cavity conducting to potential important melting. The thinning associated with this melting can detach the ice shelf from pinning points. This will reduce the buttressing from the ice shelf, outlet glaciers will accelerate and mass transfer toward the ocean will increase. Therefore, the future of Antarctic Ice Sheet directly depends on the changes affecting its boundaries and assessing the sensitivity of the ice sheets is essential to quantify and anticipate the future variation of mass balance.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Watts, Leonard Gary. "Finite element simulations of ice mass flow." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276336.

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Vallin, Sara. "LiDAR-bildanalys av flutings i södra Norrbotten : Kartering och datering av avvikande isrörelseriktningar." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96181.

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The aim of this study was to map and date glacial flutings with ice flows deviating from the predominating northwesterly ice flow direction in the southern part of Norrbotten County in northern Sweden, and also to investigate if parts of the glacial landscape are older than previously thought. The traditional view is that most landforms in the area were formed during the late Weichselian (W3). Analysis of the new high resolution elevation model (2 m grid) derived from laser scanning was performed after treating the data with a hillshade tool in ArcMap to reveal terrain features such as flutings. The analysis resulted in a map showing four main groups of deviating ice flows (N-S, NO-SV, SO-NV and S-N) and several westerly ice flows. The majority of flutings with deviating ice flows were found in low terrain. This, together with studies suggesting a cold based late Weichselian ice sheet in Norrbotten, implies an old age of the deviating ice flows. The deviating ice flows are interpreted to originate from the first early Weichselian (W1), or predate the onset of the Weichselian glaciation. Some NV-SO flutings were located in high terrain, which implies a younger age relative to the low terrain flutings. They represent the youngest ice flow found in the area, possibly from the second early Weichselian (W2). The new elevation model clearly offers new possibilities for studying small scale landforms and shows that the traditional view of the Weichselian glaciation in northern Swedish needs to be reconsidered.
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Leighton, Iain Douglas Leighton. "Identifying fast glacier flow : the sedimentological and micromorphological signature of surges and ice streams." Thesis, Swansea University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678503.

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Hedfors, Jim. "Force Budget Analysis of Glacier Flow : Ice Dynamical Studies on Storglaciären, Sweden, and Ice Flow Investigations of Outlet Glaciers in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Earth Sciences, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4219.

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This thesis contributes to the understanding of glacier response to climate change by ice dynamical studies on Storglaciären, Sweden, and Bonnevie-Svendsenbreen, Kibergbreen and Plogbreen in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Ice surface velocities, ice geometry and temperature information is fed through a force budget model to calculate ice mass outflux of these glacial systems via three-dimensional stress distributions for a flux-gate.

Field data were collected through repeated DGPS and GPR observations on Storglaciären between July 2000 to September 2001 and on Kibergbreen and Plobreen during the SWEDARP 2002/03 expedition to Antarctica. The work was strongly supported by remotely-sensed information.

The results from Storglaciären show a strength in the force budget model to discern both spatial and temporal variability in ice dynamical patterns. It highlights the influence of seasonality and bedrock topography upon glacier flow. A modeling experiment on Bonnevie-Svendsenbreen suggested that ice temperature increases substantially under conditions of high stress (≥0.4 MPa) due to strain-heating. This provides a positive feedback loop, increasing ice deformation, as long as it overcomes the advection of cool ice from the surface. These results explain, to some extent, the mechanism behind fast flowing ice streams. Mass flux caclulations from Bonnevie-Svendsenbreen suggest that the outflux given from force budget calculations can be used as a gauge for influx assuming steady state conditions. Plogbreen receives an influx of 0.48±0.1 km3 a-1 and expedites a discharge volume of 0.55±0.05 km3 a-1. This indicative negative mass balance is explained by a falling trend in upstream accumulation and the recent rise in global sea level, as it is likely to induce glacier acceleration due to a reduction in resistive forces at the site of the gate. This result is comparable with other Antarctic studies reporting negative mass balances, e.g. from WAIS, as caused by changes in the global atmospheric circulation pattern.

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Books on the topic "Glacial ice flow"

1

Rappol, Martin. Ice flow and glacial transport in lower St.Lawrence, Quebec. Ottawa, Ont: Minister of Supply and Services Canada, 1993.

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Gudmundsson, G. Hilmar. Converging glacier flow: A case study, the Unteraarglacier. Zürich: Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau, Hydrologie und Glaziologie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, 1994.

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International Symposium on Fast Glacier Flow (2002 Yakutat, Alaska). Papers from the International Symposium on Fast Glacier Flow: Held in Yakutat, Alaska, U.S.A., 10-14 June 2002. Cambridge, U.K: International Glaciological Society, 2003.

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Taillant, Jorge Daniel. Glaciers. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199367252.001.0001.

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Though not traditionally thought of as strategic natural resources, glaciers are a crucial part of our global ecosystem playing a fundamental role in the sustaining of life around the world. Comprising three quarters of the world's freshwater, they freeze in the winter and melt in the summer, supplying a steady flow of water for agriculture, livestock, industry and human consumption. The white of glacier surfaces reflect sunrays which otherwise warm our planet. Without them, many of the planet's rivers would run dry shortly after the winter snow-melt. A single mid-sized glacier in high mountain environments of places like California, Argentina, India, Kyrgyzstan, or Chile can provide an entire community with a sustained flow of drinking water for generations. On the other hand, when global temperatures rise, not only does glacier ice wither away into the oceans and cease to act as water reservoirs, but these massive ice bodies can become highly unstable and collapse into downstream environments, resulting in severe natural events like glacier tsunamis and other deadly environmental catastrophes. But despite their critical role in environmental sustainability, glaciers often exist well outside our environmental consciousness, and they are mostly unprotected from atmospheric impacts of global warming or from soot deriving from transportation emissions, or from certain types of industrial activity such as mining, which has been shown to have devastating consequences for glacier survival. Glaciers: The Politics of Ice is a scientific, cultural, and political examination of the cryosphere -- the earth's ice -- and the environmental policies that are slowly emerging to protect it. Jorge Daniel Taillant discusses the debates and negotiations behind the passage of the world's first glacier-protection law in the mid-2000s, and reveals the tension that quickly arose between industry, politicians, and environmentalists when an international mining company proposed dynamiting three glaciers to get at gold deposits underneath. The book is a quest to educate general society about the basic science behind glaciers, outlines current and future risks to their preservation, and reveals the intriguing politics behind glacier melting debates over policies and laws to protect the resource. Taillant also makes suggestions on what can be done to preserve these crucial sources of fresh water, from both a scientific and policymaking standpoint. Glaciers is a new window into one of the earth's most crucial and yet most ignored natural resources, and a call to reawaken our interest in the world's changing climate.
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Hastenrath, Stefan. Changes in African Glaciers since the 19th Century. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.543.

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In equatorial East Africa, glaciers still exist on Mount Kenya, Kilimanjaro, and Ruwenzori. The decreasing ice extent has been documented by field reports since the end of the 19th century and a series of mappings. For Mount Kenya, the mappings are of 1947, 1963, 1987, 1993, and 2004, with more detailed mappings of Lewis Glacier in 1934, 1958, 1963, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1985, 1986, 1990, and 1993. For Kilimanjaro, the sequence is 1912, 1953, 1976, 1989, and 2000. For Ruwenzori (for which information is more scarce), the information is from 1906, 1955, and 1990. Photographs are valuable complementary evidence. At Lewis Glacier on Mount Kenya, measurements of mass budget and ice flow have been conducted over decades. The climatic forcing of ice recession in East Africa at the onset in the 1880s was radiationally controlled, affecting the most exposed locations. Later warming caused further ice shrinkage, except on the summit plateau of Kilimanjaro, above the freezing level. Whereas the ice recession in the Ecuadorian Andes and New Guinea began in the middle of the 19th century, plausibly caused by warming, the late onset in East Africa should be appreciated in the context of large-scale circulation changes evidenced by the historical ship observations in the equatorial Indian Ocean.
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Papers from the International Symposium on Fast Glacier Flow: Held in Yakutat, Alaska, U.S.A., 10-14 June 2002 (Annals of Glaciology,). International Glaciological Society, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Glacial ice flow"

1

Siegert, Martin J., Anne Le Brocq, and Antony J. Payne. "Hydrological Connections between Antarctic Subglacial Lakes, the Flow of Water beneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet and Implications for Sedimentary Processes." In Glacial Sedimentary Processes and Products, 3–10. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444304435.ch1.

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Greve, Ralf, and Heinz Blatter. "Dynamics of Glacier Flow." In Dynamics of Ice Sheets and Glaciers, 145–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03415-2_7.

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Tomar, Kiledar Singh, Ashutosh Venkatesh Prasad, and Sangita Singh Tomar. "Spaceborne SAR Application to Study Ice Flow Variation of Potsdam Glacier and Polar Record Glacier, East Antarctica." In Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Remote Sensing, 269–86. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003204466-12.

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Stroeven, A., R. van de Wal, and J. Oerlemans. "Historic Front Variations of the Rhone Glacier: Simulation with an Ice Flow Model." In Glaciology and Quaternary Geology, 391–405. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7823-3_25.

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Gross, Dietmar. "Remarks on the History of Glacier Research and the Flow Law of Ice." In Current Trends and Open Problems in Computational Mechanics, 141–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87312-7_15.

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Menzies, John. "Ice flow and hydrology." In Modern and Past Glacial Environments, 79–130. Elsevier, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-075064226-2/50007-6.

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Aydan, Ömer. "Ice mechanics and glacial flow." In Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 303–14. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367822293-10.

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Evans, David J. A. "2. Glacier ice: definitions and dynamics." In Glaciation: A Very Short Introduction, 26–40. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198745853.003.0002.

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The shape and size of glacier ice bodies (their morphology) is dictated by the interplay between climate and topography, and a classification scheme has been adopted to cover all the variants that lie on a spatial and temporal continuum of morphologies. ‘Glacier ice: definitions and dynamics’ explains that in any one location over time different glacier morphologies may evolve. It describes how water as a liquid is fundamental to glacial processes, and considers a range of glacier dynamics and flow mechanics, including the processes and causes of ice deformation, creeping ice, sliding beds, and glacial surge. It also explains subglacial bed deformation, a relatively newly discovered process that emerged only in the 1970s.
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Stokes, C. R. "GLACIAL LANDFORMS, ICE SHEETS | Evidence of Glacier Flow Directions." In Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science, 895–908. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-53643-3.00092-3.

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Wiedmer, R. Michael, Alan R. Gillespie, David R. Montgomery, and Harvey M. Greenberg. "Further evidence for the Matanuska megaflood hypothesis, Alaska." In Untangling the Quaternary Period—A Legacy of Stephen C. Porter. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2021.2548(19).

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ABSTRACT The Matanuska lowland north of Anchorage, Alaska, was episodically glaciated during the Pleistocene by the merged westward flow of the Matanuska and Knik glaciers. During the late Wisconsin glaciation, glacial Lake Atna filled the Copper River Basin, impounded by an ice dam blocking the Matanuska drainage divide at Tahneta Pass and the adjacent Squaw Creek headwaters and ice dams at other basin outlets, including the Susitna and Copper rivers. On the Matanuska lowland floor upvalley from the coalesced glacier’s late-Wisconsin terminus, a series of regularly spaced, symmetrical ridges with 0.9-km wavelengths and heights to 36 m are oriented normal to oblique to the valley and covered by smaller subparallel ridges with wavelengths typically ~80 m and amplitudes to 3 m. These and nearby drumlins, eskers, and moraines were previously interpreted to be glacial in origin. Borrow-pit exposures in the large ridges, however, show sorting and stratification, locally with foreset bedding. A decade ago we reinterpreted such observations as evidence of outburst flooding during glacial retreat, driven by water flushing from Lake Atna through breaches in the Tahneta Pass and Squaw Creek ice dam. In this view, the ridges once labeled Rogen and De Geer moraines were reinterpreted as two scales of fluvial dunes. New observations in the field and from meter-scale light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IfSAR) digital elevation models, together with grain-size analyses and ground-penetrating radar profiles, provide further evidence that portions of the glacial landscape of the Matanuska lowlands were modified by megaflooding after the Last Glacial Maximum, and support the conclusion that the Knik Glacier was the last active glacier in the lowland.
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Conference papers on the topic "Glacial ice flow"

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Ommani, Babak, Petter Andreas Berthelsen, Halvor Lie, Vegard Aksnes, and Geir Løland. "Hydrodynamic Modelling and Estimating Response of Glacial Ice Near a Drilling Rig." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95798.

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Abstract Impact scenarios involving a typical drilling rig and glacial ice are studied. The goal is to better identify the important physical effects in modelling the dynamics of glacial ice in presence of waves and a floating platform, whilst improving simulation tools to capture the location and energy of possible collisions. A state-of-the-art numerical model of a typical semi-submersible is developed and calibrated with model tests to represent the drilling rig. A systematic incremental approach is adopted to model the dynamics of glacial ice. Long wave approximation, nonlinear excitation and restoring forces, interaction forces with the semi-submersible, and viscous forces due to flow separation are among the models which are considered step by step. The sensitivity of the resulted collision scenario to the modelling choices is investigated. The possibility of impact with columns, pontoons, and risers are particularly studied. Based on the obtained results, recommendations are made for modelling of glacial ice dynamics in presence of a floating platform.
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Parent, Michel. "FLOW PATTERNS AND GLACIAL DISPERSAL PATTERNS IN THE EASTERN LAURENTIDE ICE SHEET - IMPLICATIONS FOR SUBGLACIAL PROCESSES AND ICE STREAM DEVELOPMENT." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-306578.

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Rayburn, John A., and David J. De Simone. "ICE FLOW INDICATORS AND THE BEHAVIOR OF THE HUDSON-CHAMPLAIN LOBE DURING A DRAWDOWN OF GLACIAL LAKE ALBANY." In 51st Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016ne-272827.

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Kotulak, Arielle, and Joseph Licciardi. "USING GLACIAL STRIATIONS ON BEDROCK TO DETERMINE ICE FLOW BEHAVIOR DURING THE LAST DEGLACIATION IN THE NEW HAMPSHIRE SEACOAST REGION." In Northeastern Section - 57th Annual Meeting - 2022. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022ne-375124.

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Kazuki Nakamura, Hiroyuki Wakabayashi, Koichiro Doi, and Kazuo Shibuya. "Ice flow estimation of Shirase Glacier by using JERS-1/SAR image correlation." In 2007 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2007.4423780.

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Nakamura, Kazuki, Shigeru Aoki, Tsutomu Yamanokuchi, Takeshi Tamura, and Koichiro Doi. "Validation for Ice Flow Velocity of Shirase Glacier Derived from PALSAR-2 Image Correlation." In IGARSS 2021 - 2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9553512.

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Gang Li, Hui Lin, Yu Li, Hongsheng Zhang, and Liming Jiang. "Monitoring glacier flow rates dynamic of Geladandong Ice Field by SAR images Interferometry and offset tracking." In IGARSS 2014 - 2014 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2014.6947368.

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Nakamura, Kazuki, Shigeru Aoki, Tsutomu Yamanokuchi, Takeshi Tamura, Shuki Ushio, and Koichiro Doi. "Fluctuations of the Ice Flow Velocity of Shirase Glacier and its Surrounding Landfast Ice Displacement in East Antarctica Derived from alos-2/Palsar-2 Image Correlation." In IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2019.8898914.

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Haug, Torborg, Misganu Debella-Gilo, Jonas Karstensen, and Andreas Kaab. "Performance and application of different image matching algorithms for investigating glacier and ice-shelf flow, permafrost creep and landslides." In IGARSS 2010 - 2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2010.5649989.

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Bhateja, Yatharath, Indranil Misra, Debajyoti Dhar, Tushar Shukla, and Sampa Roy. "An Automated Feature Tracking Based Algorithm for Estimation of Ice Flow and Glacier Surface Velocity Using Resourcesat-2A Data for Himalayan Terrain." In 2019 Fifth International Conference on Image Information Processing (ICIIP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciip47207.2019.8985832.

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Reports on the topic "Glacial ice flow"

1

Tremblay, T., and M. Lamothe. New contributions to the ice-flow chronology in the Boothia-Lancaster Ice Stream catchment area. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331062.

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Within the Boothia-Lancaster Ice Stream (BLIS) catchment area, ice flow patterns were reconstructed based on the synthesis of striation directions and cross-cutting relationships, transport patterns of erratic boulders, glacial landforms, cold-based glacial landsystems, and ice-retreat chronology. New ArcticDEM data, high-definition satellite imagery and multibeam echosounder bathymetric datasets provided increased details on ice flow indicators. Convergent high-velocity ice flows through the BLIS main axis were major, persistent features in the northeastern Laurentide Ice Sheet through the last glaciation, and this study highlights intensity fluctuations and ice flow pattern variations that occurred during that time. Highly contrasting glacial geomorphology, notably in the abundance of moraines, reflects marked differences in ice-margin retreat rates and patterns during deglaciation between the western and eastern sides of the BLIS.
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Klassen, R. A., and F. J. Thompson. Ice flow history and glacial dispersal patterns, Labrador. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/127361.

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Klassen, R. A., and F. J. Thompson. Ice Flow History and Glacial Dispersal in the Labrador Trough. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/122511.

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Rappol, M. Ice flow and glacial transport in Lower St. Lawrence, Quebec. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/183989.

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Veillette, J. J. New evidence for northwestward glacial ice flow, James Bay region, Quebec. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/202924.

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Rappol, M. Aspects of Ice Flow Patterns, Glacial Sediments and Stratigraphy in Northwest New Brunswick. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/120647.

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Plouffe, A. Ice flow and late glacial lakes of the Fraser Glaciation, central British Columbia. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/208610.

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Kerr, D. E. Reconnaissance surficial geology, Clarke River, Northwest Territories, NTS 65-M north. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329416.

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The Clarke River map area (north half) comprises isolated areas of glacially and meltwater scoured bedrock, till veneers and blankets, locally fluted, and strongly fluted (mega-scale glacial lineations) streamlined till in the northeast. Ridged till may overlie fluted till blanket and streamlined till. Glaciofluvial esker complexes and associated meltwater outwash sediments trend westward (some may parallel pre-glacial valleys), southwestward, and northwestward. Glaciolacustrine sediments are a minor component. An early regional warm-based diverging southwestern and southern ice flow is well preserved in the central regions across the map area. The youngest late deglacial ice flows, in the extreme southwest and broader northeast region, are both northwesterly. The latter represents the Dubawnt Lake ice stream. During ice retreat, ridged till was deposited with minor moraines and larger recessional moraines locally. Ponding meltwater formed pro-glacial lakes with deltas, beaches, and trim lines from 355 m elevation, in the southwest, to 155 m, in the northeast.
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Rice, J. M., R. C. Paulen, M. Ross, M. B. McClenaghan, and H E Campbell. Quaternary geology of the south Core Zone area, Quebec and Labrador. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330903.

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The complex glacial geomorphology of east-central Quebec and western Labrador has resulted in conflicting ice sheet reconstructions leaving many questions regarding the behaviour of large ice sheets within their inner regions. Specifically, the ice-flow chronology and subglacial conditions remain poorly constrained. To address this, surficial geology investigations were conducted across the border of Quebec and Labrador. A complex glacial history consisting of five ice-flow phases influenced by regional ice stream dynamics was identified, including a near-complete ice-flow reversal. During each ice-flow phase, the subglacial thermal conditions fluctuated both spatially and temporally, resulting in palimpsest glacial dispersal patterns. Deglacial ages from samples collected as part of this research confirm deglaciation occurred relatively rapidly around 8 ka. The results of this work improve our understanding of the glacial history of an inner region of the Laurentide Ice Sheet and have important implications for mineral exploration in the southern Core Zone area.
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Boulianne-Verschelden, N., V. De Bronac de Vazelhes, I. McMartin, and G. Beaudoin. Surficial geology, Amaruq deposit area, Kivalliq Region, Nunavut, NTS 66-H southeast. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329418.

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The Amaruq deposit map area is a glacial landscape dominated by till deposits (72% of map area) forming transverse ridges, hummocky moraine, or plains of varying thickness, occasionally streamlined. Glacial lake sediments cover about 18% of the map area and form thick to thin deposits covering the till. They occur predominantly in lowlands and below approximately 140 m a.s.l., which is the elevation of the highest raised beaches located in the western part of the map area. Some of the glacial lake sediments could have been deposited in a marine environment during high sea levels following deglaciation. Sand and gravel deposits occur in subglacial meltwater corridors forming terraces, esker ridges, and small hummocks, or in proglacial outwash plains. The effects of meltwater at the base of the glacier or by currents and waves in proglacial lake and/or marine basins have resulted in winnowing of fine particles, reworking of sediments, and surface boulder concentrations. Streamlined till landforms and striations indicate that ice flow was dominantly to the north-northwest. This predominant flow was locally succeeded by northwest and west-northwest ice flows as indicated by crosscutting striations. A late deglacial ice-flow direction converging towards a major esker tunnel is observed east of the Amaruq deposit.
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