Dissertations / Theses: 'Giving'

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Sande, Marcus. "Advice giving : An investigation of teacher-student interactionwhen giving advice." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45883.

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Giving advice is an essential part of working as a teacher. However, advice-giving can be a sensitive topic depending on how the advice is delivered by the teacher. It remains to be seen what kind of approach teachers need to use to reach out and give advice to their students as successfully as possible. The present study aims to examine some different linguistic approaches teachers use to give advice to students. This was done by carrying out a Conversation Analysis on text extracts involving teacher and student interaction in an advising setting. The texts extracts were taken from The Michigan Corpus of Academic Spoken English. The results show that there were two main types of advice-giving strategies found in the data: direct and indirect advice giving. Both strategies seemed to be successful in that the students accepted the advice provided and did not argue with the teacher about its validity.

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Homick, Alexandra Victoria. "An exploration of gift giving re-gifting as a gift-giving behavior /." Greensboro, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007. http://libres.uncg.edu/edocs/etd/1425/umi-uncg-1425.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 22, 2007). Directed by Barbara Dyer; submitted to the School of Human Environmental Sciences. Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-70).

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Mennie, Christopher. "Giving Meaning to Macros." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/1041.

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With the prevalence of legacy C/C++ code, issues of readability and maintainability have become increasingly important. When we consider the problem of refactoring or migrating C/C++ code, we see the significant role that preprocessor directives play. It is partially because of these preprocessor directives that code maintenance has become extremely difficult. This thesis describes a method of fact extraction and code manipulation to create a set of transformations which will remove preprocessor directives from the original source, converting them into regular C/C++ code with as few changes as possible, while maintaining readability in the code. In addition, some of the subtle issues that may arise when migrating preprocessor directives are explored. After discussing the general architecture of the test implementation, an examination of some metrics gathered by running it on two software systems is given.

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Barr, Lauren. "Giving metamaterials a hand." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34561.

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The focus of this thesis is the interaction of electromagnetic fields with chiral structures in the microwave regime. Through this study, which focuses on three regimes of electromagnetic interactions, I aim to develop a deeper understanding of the consequences and manifestations of chiral interactions The structures are on the order of, or smaller than, the wavelength of the probing radiation. As the structures are chiral, they have broken inversion symmetry, and exist in two states where one is the mirror image of the other. The results in this thesis can have impacts on future optical communications technologies and methods of sensing biological molecules. To begin with, the manipulation of the circular polarisation of a propagating beam by bilayer chiral metasurfaces is investigated. The metasurfaces consist of two layers of stacked crosses with a twist between top and bottom layers, forming chiral metamolecules. A broad frequency region of dispersionless polarisation rotation appears between two resonances, due to alignment between electric and magnetic dipoles. The dependence of this effect on the layer separation is studied for two similar metasurfaces. Evanescent chiral electromagnetic fields are the focus of the next chapter. An array of chiral antennas produces chiral near-fields at their resonant frequency. Aligned and subwavelength helices placed within this field interact differently depending on the handedness of the field with respect to the handedness of the helices. This difference in interaction strength is measured for the helices and an effective medium model where multipolar interactions are forbidden. Comparison of these two systems leads to the conclusion that the contribution to a chiral interaction from multipolar modes is minimal, in contrast to previous publications. The third study concentrates on the electromagnetic wave bound to an "infinitely long" metal helix. The helix has infinite-fold screw symmetry, and this leads to interesting features in the energy-dispersion of the waves it supports. The broad frequency range of high, tunable, dispersionless index is interpreted using a geometrical approach, and the factors that limit the bandwidth explained. A modified geometry is suggested for increased bandwidth. The final part of the thesis is dedicated to future work, based on the results presented thus far. Three suggestions for future study are presented, including chiroptical signals from higher-order chiral arrangements, the effect of reflecting surfaces next to chiral objects and the possible use of orbital angular momentum for chiroptical measurements.

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Look, Gary Wai Keung 1978. "Cognitively-inspired direction giving." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44415.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-140).
Online mapping services and portable GPS units make it easy to get very detailed driving directions. While these directions are sufficient for an automaton to follow, they do not present a big picture description of the route. As a result, while people can follow these detailed turn-by-turn directions, it can be difficult for them to actually comprehend where they are going. Our goal is to make such directions more comprehensible. Our approach is to apply findings from human spatial cognition, the study of how people conceptualize and organize their knowledge of large-scale space, to create a system that generates written route overviews. Route overviews provide a big picture description of a route, and are intended to supplement the information in turn-by-turn directions. Our route overviews are based on cognitively-inspired design criteria such as: the use of spatial hierarchy, goal-directed descriptions, selective suppression of detail, and the use of the trunk segments and cognitive anchor points along the route. In our experiments, we show that we can make directions more comprehensible independent of the particular places a person knows - by using what we know about how people think about space to structure the way we present spatial information.
by Gary Wai Keung Look.
Ph.D.

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Hurdle, David A. "The Giving Tree Academy." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1457.

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A proposal for a new preschool based in Pomona, California, targeted towards children from low-income backgrounds. Includes extensive research on preschool nationwide, the state of California, and in Pomona. Within the paper a new preschool curriculum and specific teacher practices are discussed. Intended as a model for a new school. or to be adapted for use in educational policy.

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Karpenko, S., A. Lomaka, Ірина Анатоліївна Морозова, Ирина Анатольевна Морозова, and Iryna Anatoliivna Morozova. "Business gift giving etiquette." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31126.

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Try sending gifts at times other than major holidays. These occasions could include a promotion, a new baby, a birthday, a new business referral. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31126

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Nanji, Nawazish Godrej. "Giving Architecture to Fire." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33592.

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For centuries, fire has been a sacred symbol from the eastern cultures to western regions. As one of the four states of matter, fire represents the great essence in our daily lives as an energy source with its warmth, light and aura, kindling feelings of truth and spirituality within us. In his poetic verses, fire was venerated by Zoroaster who led mankind to believe that there is one supreme lord that we may follow; a being that can only be known by the quest for truth (Asha). For Zoroaster truth was symbolic with fire as it brought people together in prayer. With the passage of time fire became consecrated in different orders with the higher ones being placed within covered buildings for protection. These buildings became temples of fire or Fire Temples where an eternal flame was kept and looked after by a priest so as to keep alive the salvation of humankind and continue our journey towards righteousness with the blessings of the supreme. With this, faith stayed alive as long as the Fire burned. Herein lies my celebration of fire where I announce it to the follower on the path to truth as an eternal flame burning, yet resting in a place worthy of all its glory; an ambiance created to venerate the flame and reassure the traveler that its light has more to offer than meets the eye.
Master of Architecture

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Cardamone, Emina Imsirovic. "Games of Charitable Giving." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/78418.

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Economics
Ph.D.
This dissertation develops models of charitable giving in the presence of uncertainty. The model of chapter 2 studies a two-stage signaling game of charitable donations with two players: a charity manager and a wealthy donor. A representative charity manager, who is perfectly informed, collects a donation from a representative donor, who has imperfect information about the manager's types. The manager uses the donation to produce a public good, and in the process decides whether to create waste in order to obtain a personal gain. I solve for separating and pooling sequential equilibria of the game, and employ the Intuitive Criterion of Cho & Kreps (1987) as a refinement to deal with the problem of multiple equilibria. I find that there exists no fully separating equilibrium in which the donor can discern all possible manager types. In addition, the results suggest that the amount of the initial donation may help the donor to induce the manager to reveal his true type. In chapter 3, I analyze the effect of competitive pressures in the philanthropic sector. I find evidence in support of market systems acting as a disciplining device, which induces the manager to play strategies that increase social welfare. Chapter 4 uses an alternative to expected utility theory, known as Choquet expected utility, to model the interaction between a wealthy donor and a charity manager in the presence of uncertainty.
Temple University--Theses

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Leblanc, Nicholas Paul. "Divine instruction on fiscal giving in progressive revelation a biblical theology of giving /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2008. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p001-1212.

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Hayes, David Clyde. "How to engage Christians with biblical principles of giving." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p064-0118.

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Danilowitz, Jennifer Savary. "More Giving and Less Giving Up| The Role of Self-Signaling in Consumer Choice." Thesis, Yale University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3663630.

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Although it is well established that people are motivated to maintain a positive self-image, choice researchers have largely ignored how this desire impacts what consumers choose. The current research investigates the notion that people's choices can serve as a signal that affects their beliefs about themselves. I explore a self-signaling framework to make unique predictions in two important substantive domains: prosocial giving and forfeiture choice.

The first essay shows that consumers are more likely to give to a charity when the donation appeal mentions a hedonic product. This occurs because the presence of a hedonic product changes the self-attributions, or self-signaling utility, associated with the choice to donate. I demonstrate the effect with real choice and field experiments, and provide evidence that the increase in donation rates occurs because the choice not to donate is a stronger signal of selfishness in the context of a hedonic product.

The second essay looks at forfeiture choices and finds that the structure of the self-concept can determine whether or not people give up an unused good. I develop a conceptual framework based on a known aspect of the self (self-concept clarity) to predict that when consumers are less clear about their self-concept they are more likely to self-signal. Four experiments show that people are more likely to keep an informative good or service they do not use (e.g. keep paying for a digital magazine subscription they do not read) when they are unclear about their self-concept.

Taken together these findings enrich our understanding of the role of self-signaling in choice, enhance our knowledge of how people use choice to manage their self-image, and link the behavioral findings of self-signaling in marketing to an established literature on self in psychology. The results have implications for choice theorists interested in understanding self-image motives and for marketing practitioners interested in understanding choice.

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13

Adam, A. K. M. "Giving Jonah the fish-eye." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.

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Tikka, A. (Annariina). "ICT support for gift giving." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201704251581.

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Gift giving has far deeper societal, sociological, and psychological implications than people are generally aware of. It can work in both positive and negative ways — building and strengthening or weakening and breaking social ties, imposing identity images on both the givers and the recipients. Gifts are also important from a consumer and marketing perspective, and tend to cause their seekers anxiety in many ways. To counter the difficulties in the gift giving process it is important to record information about important dates, recipients, given and received gifts, as well as new plans. Many tools are already being used to help keep track of gift giving, and these range from simple pen-and-paper solutions to productivity applications like note-taking tools and spreadsheets. The purpose of this thesis is to explore gift giving behaviour and make use of the Technology Acceptance Model to triangulate requirements for a gift giving support application, as well as offer a list of possible design contributions to meet each requirement. These results can then be utilised in future research to design and produce an actual gift giving support application, that will meet the needs of both gift givers and recipients.

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Rosenthal, Laura B. "Giving to Get: An Exploration of the Role of Narcissism and Impulsivity in Charitable Giving." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/648.

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Narcissists are not generally thought of as altruistic individuals. There are certain conditions, however, that may meet the needs of narcissistic individuals and thus elicit altruistic behavior. These conditions include recognition for the act, or adding to narcissists’ already high opinion of themselves through executing the act. Because narcissists also demonstrate impulsivity, it is also possible that a time pressure may induce narcissists as well as impulsive individuals to act altruistically. The aim of this study is to determine in what context, if any, narcissistic and impulsive individuals may display acts of altruism, specifically charitable giving. This study uses a 2 (recognized vs. unrecognized) x 2 (time limited vs. time unlimited) between groups design. Participants will complete a Stop Signal task, a charitable giving task in which recognition and time limit are manipulated, demographic questions, and two measures of narcissism. The expected results are that higher scores on overt narcissism will lead participants to donate in conditions in which they receive recognition for their donation. Higher scores on covert narcissism will lead participants to donate in conditions where they are not recognized. Individuals with higher impulsivity scores as determined by the Stop Signal task will donate in time pressured conditions over time unlimited. And furthermore, impulsivity will act as a mediator between narcissism and charitable giving in time-limited conditions. Finally, implications of these results and future directions for research are discussed.

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Bjälkebring, Pär, Daniel Västfjäll, Stephan Dickert, and Paul Slovic. "Greater Emotional Gain from Giving in Older Adults: Age-Related Positivity Bias in Charitable Giving." Frontiers Media S.A, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00846.

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Older adults have been shown to avoid negative and prefer positive information to a higher extent than younger adults. This positivity bias influences their information processing as well as decision-making. We investigate age-related positivity bias in charitable giving in two studies. In Study 1 we examine motivational factors in monetary donations, while Study 2 focuses on the emotional effect of actual monetary donations. In Study 1, participants (n = 353, age range 20-74 years) were asked to rate their affect toward a person in need and then state how much money they would be willing to donate to help this person. In Study 2, participants (n = 108, age range 19-89) were asked to rate their affect toward a donation made a few days prior. Regression analysis was used to investigate whether or not the positivity bias influences the relationship between affect and donations. In Study 1, we found that older adults felt more sympathy and compassion and were less motivated by negative affect when compared to younger adults, who were motivated by both negative and positive affect. In Study 2, we found that the level of positive emotional reactions from monetary donations was higher in older participants compared to younger participants. We find support for an age-related positivity bias in charitable giving. This is true for motivation to make a future donation, as well as affective thinking about a previous donation. We conclude that older adults draw more positive affect from both the planning and outcome of monetary donations and hence benefit more from engaging in monetary charity than their younger counterparts. (authors' abstract)

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Smith, Megan Moore Shields Edgar W. Jr. "The profile of giving and non-giving young alumni to the Scotsman Club at Presbyterian College." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1795.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 16, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Exercise and Sport Science Sport Administration." Discipline: Exercise and Sports Science; Department/School: Exercise and Sport Science.

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Chandler, Eric B. "GIVING GROUND: EXPLORING NON-COERCIVE POLITICS." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1069797702.

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Montigny, Denise de. "Giving birth, Margaret Atwood traduction commentee." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5352.

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Heiding, Sven Fredrik. "Giving Ignatian Exercises at ecclesial frontiers." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:246e4d6d-14a7-44c2-88f5-a292c8ebf2e5.

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The Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of the Jesuit order, presuppose Roman Catholicism, but are today made by many who are not Catholics. Moreover, even Roman Catholics who make Ignatian Exercises often are not spontaneously inclined to obey Roman ecclesiastical authority. Neither avoiding the ecclesial dimension nor an authoritarian ‘follow the rules!’ provides spiritual directors with adequate orientation when working with issues at Church frontiers. This dissertation in pastoral theology seeks to navigate a middle position by moving beyond the individualism and the a-historical assumptions of the existing relevant literature. The dissertation remains close to the Ignatian primary sources, in the awareness that the Ignatian tradition needs to be constantly updated and that the contemporary ecclesial frontiers are not fully foreseen in the canonical texts. The main hypothesis is that a notion is needed of a ‘pilgrim Church’ in space and time, with Christians who are related to one another in a deep and fundamental sense. The minor hypothesis is that the individual needs to be open towards and prepared to learn from the Roman Catholic Church, in order to understand and to be profoundly moved by these exercises, but not necessarily to become a Roman Catholic. Having presented and discussed various approaches in the writings of twentieth-century and recent thinkers, this thesis puts forward its own ecclesiological position informed by Charles Taylor, Hans-Georg Gadamer and Karl Rahner. The aim is to take Ignatian studies forward by combining relational anthropology, hermeneutics and a sacramental understanding of the Church, and to apply this synthesis to the practice of giving Ignatian Exercises. The final chapter discusses a selection of cases in the light of my ecclesiological position. The synthesis and application claim originality.

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Jin, Yi. "Regression Analysis of University Giving Data." Digital WPI, 2007. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1.

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This project analyzed the giving data of Worcester Polytechnic Institute's alumni and other constituents (parents, friends, neighbors, etc.) from fiscal year 1983 to 2007 using a two-stage modeling approach. Logistic regression analysis was conducted in the first stage to predict the likelihood of giving for each constituent, followed by linear regression method in the second stage which was used to predict the amount of contribution to be expected from each contributor. Box-Cox transformation was performed in the linear regression phase to ensure the assumption underlying the model holds. Due to the nature of the data, multiple imputation was performed on the missing information to validate generalization of the models to a broader population. Concepts from the field of direct and database marketing, like "score" and "lift", were also introduced in this report.

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Tikka, A. (Annariina). "Designing a gift giving support application." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201706022407.

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Gift giving has far deeper societal, sociological, and psychological implications than people are generally aware of. It can work in both positive and negative ways — building and strengthening or weakening and breaking social ties, imposing identity images on both the givers and the recipients. Gifts are also important from a consumer and marketing perspective and tend to cause their seekers anxiety in many ways. To counter the difficulties in the gift giving process it is important to record information about important dates, recipients, given and received gifts, as well as new plans and ideas. Many tools are already being used to help keep track of gift giving, and these range from simple pen-and-paper solutions to productivity applications like note-taking tools and spreadsheets. Unfortunately, there are only a few tools that specialise in gift management, and even these have shortcomings in one way or another. The purpose of this thesis was to design a new and better solution to meet gift giving management needs. Gift giving behaviour was explored through literature and interviews, and the Technology Acceptance Model and Design Science Research approach were utilised to triangulate a complete list of requirements for a gift giving support application, which was then designed. A prototype was constructed according to the design. The prototype was evaluated with heuristic evaluation and small-scale user testing using a paper prototype. The findings were used to correct flaws in the initial design, resulting in an improved design of the proposed application. While nowhere near ready for production, the prototype could stand up to evaluation against requirements on an acceptable level, thus validating the design approach. These results can be utilised in future research and/or development to continue the design and production of an actual gift giving support application that will meet the needs of both gift givers and recipients.

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Wallace, Rick L. "Giving your Patrons the Star Treatment." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8761.

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Diepen, Merel van. "Dynamics and competition in charitable giving." [Rotterdam] : Rotterdam : Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), Erasmus University Rotterdam ; Erasmus University [Host], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/14526.

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Vincent, Charlene Marie-Laura. "Giving voice to spirituality through narrative." Thesis, Boston University, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/19823.

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Taylor, Teresa Brooks, and Joyce Duncan. "Giving A Face to the Homeless." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3639.

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Loveday, Christine Hawk. "An Analysis of the Variables Associated with Alumni Giving and Employee Giving to a Mid-Sized Southeastern University." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1216.

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The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship among selected demographic variables and donor or nondonor status of alumni and employees at the participating university. The variables involving alumni were gender, highest degree earned, and college of major study. The variables regarding employees were gender and position. The study was conducted using archived alumni data from the Alumni Association’s database program and the archived employee data from the Office of Human Resources’ database program. The population for this study consisted of the 76,728 alumni and the 2,279 full-time employees of a mid-sized southeastern university during the fiscal year 2009-2010. The results of the data analysis gave insight into what degree alumni and employees gave back to their university and place of employment. For example, 3.9% of alumni were found to be donors while 18.4% of employees were shown to be donors. The percentage of alumni who donated increased with each advanced degree earned. Males in both categories, alumni and employees, donated at a higher percentage than females. In the employee category, faculty were shown to donate at a higher percentage than administrators or staff. The study provided an increase in the body of knowledge of the variables of alumni giving and employee giving at the participating university.

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Lowe, Allen K. "Responsible Christian financial stewardship." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 1997. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p036-0252.

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Ho, Andrew. "Charitable giving what makes a person generous? /." CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1961/3602.

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Strode, James Patrick. "Donor motives to giving to intercollegiate athletics." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1148304953.

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Rumin, Anna C. "Teacher shadows : giving voice to hidden selves." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0019/NQ44570.pdf.

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Kühn, Susann. "Church tax, church disaffiliation, and voluntary giving." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-177647.

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A large body of research has investigated the effects of religion on individual behavior and, more recently, the collective performance of societies. Religion is predominantly credited with favorable outcomes, such as pro-social behavior, better health and higher life satisfaction. Religious and non-religious individuals also differ in their values and preferences. Moreover, religious institutions such as churches also have a large direct effect on society by being an employer or a social welfare provider. Against this background, the constant decline in church membership rates in Germany since the late 1960s is an economically relevant phenomenon. The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the economic causes and consequences of church disaffiliation, from both a theoretical and an empirical point of view. Based on an extensive literature review of models of religious consumption choices I conclude that most of the previous work does not pay sufficient attention to the institutional framework of church membership and church financing in Europe. I develop a theoretical model in which I analyze an individual’s decisions on church membership and on voluntary giving to religious and secular organizations against the institutional backgrounds of the German church tax system and the Italian tax assignment system. The model predicts that in a church tax system individuals with a higher income and those who have to pay a higher church tax rate are more likely to disaffiliate from the church. In contrast, in a tax assignment system cost-benefit considerations of church membership should not take place. Furthermore, the model shows that church and assignment taxes can crowd out voluntary giving to religious and non-religious purposes. In the empirical part of the dissertation I focus on the case of Germany, testing the hypotheses derived from the theoretical discussion with the help of the German Taxpayer Panel for the years 2001 to 2006. The main research question in the first empirical chapter is whether the institutional framework in the form of the existing church tax regulations has a statistically significant effect on the decision to leave the church. The hypothesis is that ceteris paribus an increase in the price of church membership increases the probability that an individual disaffiliates from the church. The estimation results show that both the price of church membership in the first year of the observation period and the change in price experienced by the individual have a significant positive, but moderate effect on the probability of church disaffiliation. In the second empirical part of the dissertation I ask if church members and non-members differ in their voluntary giving and if the giving behavior changes from before to after disaffiliation. I distinguish between the decision whether to make a contribution at all and the decision how much to give. The results imply that church members are not less, but rather more likely to make a charitable contribution than non-members. However, I do find that the average amount given by church members is below the amount given by non-members. This finding suggests that church taxes and additional voluntary donations might be substitutes at the intensive margin. With respect to church disaffiliation, I find evidence that giving is moderately higher after individuals have left the church than before. However, results are inconsistent in whether the increase is due to a higher inclination to give, a higher amount given by those who make a contribution, or both.

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Bennett, Matthew. "A comparative study of volunteering and giving." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d74fcc54-879d-442a-b01a-5b09ba8a2ff6.

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The main research question in this thesis explores why some people volunteer and give money compared to those that do not. The thesis builds on existing research that explains volunteering and giving, but is primarily concerned with showing how the social environment – or the context – in which people live can explain individual decisions to volunteer and give. This thesis answers three main research questions with this central theme in mind. First, how do the background characteristics of people explain whether they volunteer or give? Second, net of background characteristics of people, how does the social environment (context) that people live in explain volunteering and giving? Third, how do background characteristics of people and the social environment in which they live interact to explain volunteering and giving? Each of the four empirical chapters focuses on research questions that have received limited attention in the literature, while also utilizing relatively unique data, in relatively unique contexts. The main results of this study are as follows. Comparatively, the shared profile of a volunteer and charitable giver is someone who is middle aged, more educated, married, richer, healthier, and a religious service attendee. Contextual country characteristics also displayed an independent effect of these individual-level characteristics: religious diversity and belonging to a religious minority group was associated with a greater likelihood of volunteering, but are not associated with giving. Income inequality is associated with a decreased likelihood of volunteering and giving for respondents in developed countries, whereas the opposite is true for respondents in developing countries, supporting Wilkinson’s relative income hypothesis. A curvilinear relationship exists between national devoutness and volunteering, whereas a strong positive correlation exists between national devoutness and giving. Females are more likely to volunteer and give in societies that exhibit more gender equality; and the lower educated are more likely to volunteer in more educated societies, but that they are not more likely to give in these societies. There is no support for the idea that income disparities in volunteering and giving are exacerbated in more socially unequal societies. In England, there was no support for the idea that a stable residential area promotes volunteering and giving among adults, while neighbourhood deprivation and ethnic diversity were strong negative predictors of both behaviours. Among the youth demographic in England, religious diversity of schools is not associated with any form of civic engagement. Ethnic diversity is positively related to school extra curricular activities, but negatively with youth club participation. Youths attending private schools were more likely to take part in school-based extra-curriculars, but less likely to take part in out of school clubs and groups.

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Le, Veness Kristin A. "Giving good advice : Anne Brontë's rational feminism." Thesis, University of Buckingham, 2004. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436890.

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This reexamination of Anne Brontë's novels and her critical legacy uncovers a new framework by which to understand both the novelist and her novels. The core of this new interpretation is Brontë's debt to a rational feminist tradition and the unique manner in which she uses education and advice to relay this radical, feminist message. Brontë's fiction connects advice and education in order to address the inequities of patriarchal power and the idealization of female domesticity. Her novels critique patriarchal privilege and the way it damages women and even men. I have organized this thesis into three sections. The first, covering the first three chapters, places the author and her ideas within a larger historical perspective. Chapter One delineates Brontë's critical legacy, addressing in particular the origins of many misunderstandings and misassumptions assigned to her both from her elder sister's commentary and from the larger critical community. It also tracks the development of the field by identifying three distinct waves of Anne Brontë scholarship, and suggests other avenues to improve the overall understanding of this neglected and misunderstood writer. Chapter Two considers the context of Brontë's era by considering the social milieu and historical events that are repeated in the themes of her novels. It explores in particular the educational, legal and social aspects of early Victorian women's lives and provides a backdrop for Brontë's fiction, her methods, and her message. Lastly, Chapter Three recounts Brontë's personal history, focusing specifically on her sibling relationships and religious convictions as influencing her unique rational perspective, emphasizing the origins of Brontë's independence and literary talents. The second section of this study surveys possible influences for the themes and circumstances presented in the two novels. Chapter Four begins by reviewing the author's childhood with a specific focus on her education and available readings. The chapter also views contemporary social scandals as a resource for the realism of Brontë's novels. Chapter Five shifts the focus from social-historical occurrences to the influence of rational feminism and the ideas found in both eighteenth century and contemporary writings. Centered on rational feminist ideology, this chapter looks at the thematic and stylistic similarities between Brontë's works and other so-called feminist writings as well as those works written by women considered anti-feminist. In both of her novels, Brontë reproduces the inconsistencies inherent in the problematic position of women. She offers as a remedy a rationally based ideology that is conveyed through the advice and teachings of her characters. The final section of this study uses this new understanding to reevaluate her prose. Chapter Six places particular emphasis on Brontë's characterization of women and their traditional duties in Agnes Grey (1847). She critiques the roles of daughter, mother and governess, exposing the shortcomings of a system that limits women's authority, and proposes alternative female behavior. Chapter Seven continues the analysis of women's roles in The Tenant of Wild Fell Hall (1848) but turns to the more mature stages of female life. The voices of wives, mothers and female friends relate their own tales, and the reader receives intimate, first- hand accounts rather than through the filter of an observer such as the governess. Rational advice and the need for improved education thematically link these last chapters; however, Tenant benefits from a fuller, more mature vision of women's struggles within a restrictive system. Overall, both novels provide commentary and advice on contemporary social issues. Brontë resists sensationalism and instead works to expose problems in the prevailing social attitudes and expectations faced by women.

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Oliveira, de Sousa Felipe. "Reason-giving as an act of recognition." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25838.

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This thesis defends the claim that reason-giving is a discrete type of speech act (of an expressive kind) that has a distinctive value. It further argues that this value is best understood in terms of recognition, rather than justification, and that it is intrinsic to reason-giving. Its main aim is to argue against the commonly-held view that the main, sometimes the only, value to reason-giving lies in its capacity to provide justification (and in the related claim that if reasons cannot justify, then reason-giving has no value). The argument presented is intended to support that recognition (of a certain type) is a value that reason-giving has independently from any other value that it might or might not have – including justification; and hence, that reason-giving has a certain distinctive value that is not predicated upon a capacity for actually achieving justification. In particular, this thesis argues, based on speech act theory and on the concept of recognition, that this value is best understood as consisting in the expression of a particular type of recognition for the other. To establish this claim, in chapter one, it begins by setting out the standard view: that the value of reason-giving lies in its capacity to justify, and analyses some of the moves that have been made in the literature when the connection between reason-giving and justification breaks down. In chapters two to four, it uses speech act theory to analyse the acts of arguing and reason-giving, and to argue that reason-giving is a discrete speech act that has features in common with but is not reducible to arguing. Finally, in chapter five, it defends the claim that reason-giving has an intrinsic value, and that this value is best understood as an expressive value: namely, the expression of recognition for the other as a rational being (which is a valuable feature of the other’s humanity); and that it has this value regardless of whether the reasons in question are “good” from a justificatory standpoint.

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Norrsell, Lovisa. "GIVING TEXTILES FORM : Exploring Self-supporting Possibilities." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-14882.

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Giving textiles form is a project in textile design exploring how textiles can create self-supporting three-dimensional forms with after finishing techniques. The project focuses on the textile to be self-supporting, by working against and challenging the properties of a textile fabric. The motive for the project is to widen the definition of what a textile can do. The methods of origami and traditional Japanese wood joinery are used to find a functioning and durable construction, as well as manipulating the textiles with colour and after finishing techniques. The result of this work is three coloured textile forms that are three-dimensional and self-supporting, the use of colour strengthens the depth and adds a spatial dimension. This work contributes to broaden the field of textile design by expanding the use of textile.

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Seddon, Melanie Jane. ""Giving feeling form" : B.S. Johnson's literary project." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2016. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/giving-feeling-form(2ed5f0ba-e2bb-4f45-a3d8-28363905079e).html.

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This thesis assesses the novels of B.S. Johnson and, building on earlier socio-cultural readings, for the first time identifies affect, mood and space as key drivers of Johnson’s work. It suggests fresh interactions with the texts via the artistic practice and philosophical thought of the late twentieth to early twenty-first centuries and reveals what more we can gain from reading Johnson now. Rather than fix this author in a canonized literary past it presents Johnson as a writer with inter-disciplinary appeal and influence. My reading champions the continued significance of Johnson’s work and endeavours to resist teleology; it dips in and out of the seven novels, at times circling back to key passages and episodes that can be assessed in multiple ways. The thesis thus follows Johnson’s practice and is palimpsestic, it is formed from multiple layers. Working with affective energies the chapters unfold to build upon each other but also stand to be read individually or even, in true Johnsonian style, at random. The reading moves in a range of directions exploring different nodes of an organic whole that constitutes the body of Johnson’s literary output. Any thesis must build momentum and therefore this thesis culminates in an extended conclusion which for the first time places Johnson at the vanguard of a spatial turn in the humanities. My final analysis suggests that Johnson’s practice advances the novel towards a model of “creative research” or project work – a reflexive adventure peculiar to the making process. This model is concerned with possibilities and processes rather than final resolution and happily accommodates Johnson’s vision of a chaotic, unknowable world.

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Clemmons, Laura. "Giving Rise to Leadership: Exploring Through Conversation." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2008. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/48.

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Everyone has conversations. They affect our mind set, challenging our current knowledge and encouraging us to see differently and perhaps respond more broadly. Conversations create change in how we do our work; they impact how we relate to each other, how we may teach each other, how we interact with each other and how we decide to lead others. To ignore the impact conversations can have on us as individuals is overlooking not only the existence of others, but how others exist. Conversations, and the messages that are within them, play an integral part with how we view ourselves and define our own identity as well as how we place ourselves in our community. Stories, whether written or oral, carry a significant amount of history and an even more overwhelming piece of power. With the ability to hold an audience captive, they possess a uniqueness to transfer information that can be the cornerstone to creating new policies and programs and can consequently prompt a new leadership that intersects community and individual. Embedded within these stories are those conversations that have the capability to provoke the reader or listener toward new mental and emotional shifts; creating a greater awareness from where one first began. By use of an autoethnographical approach, I place myself in the position of an informant insider and an analyst outsider (Russell, 1999, p. 14) and lead the reader through the journey of interpreting storytelling as a scholarly practice. Incorporating a journey of self, I integrate a cultural method (Russell, 1999) while guiding the reader through timeless conversations.

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Grootboom, Nonkululeko. "This Africa : giving form to the informal." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30292.

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The thesis entitled “This is Africa giving form to the informal” arose from a concern with the growing levels of poverty and unemployment in South Africa and the recognition that small scale, self-generated economic activity provides an important means of survival for the very poor. It acknowledges the positive contributions that informal street trading makes to the urban environment. The dissertation draws upon a study of recently initiated projects that aimed to legitimise informal trading, by integrating it in the built environment. It is also driven by a study of the way in which traders organise, claim and define space in the urban environment. This process can be seen as the way in which traders themselves seek legitimacy. Collectively, case studies revealed a number of key elements necessary for the legitimisation of informal trade. Although the area of the proposed intervention is the Pretoria Station precinct, the study acknowledges that there are universal elements contained in informal trading. These elements establish a set of principles that define the minimal intervention necessary in order to allow opportunities for trade to as many people as possible whilst giving the traders themselves the maximum possible room to manoeuvre. In essence, the approach does not argue for the formalisation or ‘neatening’ of informal activity, but aims to give form to activities frequently regarded as illegal, and to provide street market spaces that can function as essential forms of urban infrastructure (Dewar 1990:xi).
Mini Dissertation (MInt(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Architecture
unrestricted

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Whalen, Joan E. "Generational Giving| An Examination of Seventy Years of Alumni Giving at a Business College in the Northeast United States." Thesis, Regis College, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10615305.

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The purpose of this study was to empirically analyze the determinants of charitable giving rates generationally among alumni of a private business college in the northeastern United States, with a focus on three areas: the unique cultural component of giving as it relates to the college and its entrepreneurial focus; the level of connectedness and involvement of the students to the college through co-curricular and affinity activities; and the demographics of the college, including the high number of international students that are attracted to study at this business college. These are examined through Park and Smith’s (2007) framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), which is an adaptation of Ajzen’s (1991) model of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Background data for this study was provided by the Office of Alumni and Friends at Northeast College, which in April 2015 partnered with the Performance Enhancement Group Ltd. (PEG) to administer the Alumni Attitude Study. This survey instrument measures alumni perceptions and attitudes about their alma mater as well as their student and alumni experiences, and served as a basis for this study on alumni charitable giving. In addition, this particular study synthesizes literature related to affinity giving across a broad spectrum of colleges and universities.

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Wright, Michael R. "Out of the Blue: Giving and receiving care: Aboriginal experiences of care-giving in the context of mental illness." Thesis, Curtin University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/656.

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This thesis is an exploration of the experiences of care-giving for Indigenous people living with a serious mental illness. The research included the experiences of those being cared for and those providing care. Due to past negative research experienced by Indigenous people, the study was conducted as a critical ethnography using multiple culturally appropriate methodologies and under the direction of a Study Reference Group. Participants were recruited through a person known to them, a culturally safe method of introduction. Thirteen in-depth case studies were conducted over 18 months, and participants' stories were constructed through multiple interviews, feedback and workshop sessions. Findings included the identification of a serious disconnection between mental health providers and Indigenous Australian families living with serious mental health issues. This disconnection was due to mental health providers lacking understanding of Indigenous needs and of the complexity and concepts of Indigenous care-giving. One outcome from this study was the proposal of an Indigenous care-giving model. The key elements of an Indigenous model of care-giving are the importance of relationships and reciprocity in holding and sustaining culture, and the significance of cultural responsibility. When mental health providers lack understanding of these attributes it has serious implications for their interactions with Indigenous people. This thesis offers recommendations for future research and for improved standards for mental health care provision.

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Poplaski, Stephen C. "Charitable behavior: Christian beliefs that explain donor intentions." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35283.

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Doctor of Philosophy
School of Family Studies and Human Services
Sonya Britt
The purpose of this research study was to investigate the determinants that explain and predict Christian’s intentions to make lifetime gifts to charities. The research was guided by the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1991) utilizing an expanded model that anticipated Christians who have (a) a favorable attitude toward giving, (b) a perceived pressure from social norms, (c) high levels of perceived behavioral control in their ability to make gifts, (d) a positive moral responsibility toward charitable giving, (e) a history of charitable giving, and (f) a faith based spiritual desire to pursue the Christian way of life would be more inclined to have giving intentions. Survey data were obtained through two pilot studies and a main study (N = 250). The pilot study participants were recruited through the researcher’s social network. The main study participants were enlisted through a contract with Qualtrics, an online survey organization that maintains panels of likely research subjects. Hierarchical linear regression identified support for traditional and expanded models of the theory of planned behavior. In the traditional model, attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control, all predicted donative intent. In the expanded model, not moral norms, past behavior, and the Christian way of life predicted donating intentions; however, perceived behavioral control a significant predictor in the traditional model, did not predict donative intent. The traditional theory of planned behavior accounted for 65%, and expanded predictors added 11% to the explanation of intention to donate to non-profit organizations in the coming year. The current research has both theoretical and applied implications. Consistent with Fishbein and Ajzen’s (2010) encouragement to improve the traditional model, the expanded model enhanced the predictive ability of the theory of planned behavior with a new determinant, the Christian way of life. The current research also reaffirms the predictive ability of the previously tested factor past behavior and not moral norms. Non-profit organizations may apply these findings by targeting the salient beliefs that are foundational to all predictors of intentions. The current research has identified beliefs associated with attitudes, social norms, perceived behavioral control, moral norms, past behavior, and the Christian way of life that offer non-profit organizations educational opportunities to intervene with donors to improve charitable behavior.

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Tobias, Cindel K. "Complex instruction giving students the education they deserve /." Online pdf file accessible through the World Wide Web, 2010. http://archives.evergreen.edu/masterstheses/Accession89-10MIT/Tobias_CKMiT2010.pdf.

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Östlund, Martin. "AssistancePlus : 3D-mediated Advice-giving on Pharmaceutical Products." Licentiate thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, NLPLAB - Natural Language Processing Laboratory, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-12159.

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In the use of medication and pharmaceutical products, non‐compliance is a major problem. One thing we can do something about is making sure consumers have the information they need. This thesis investigates how remote communication technology can be used to improve the availability for expressive advice‐giving services. Special attention is given to the balancing of expressiveness and availability. A solution is presented that uses 3D visualisation in combination with audio and video communication to convey advice on complex pharmaceutical products. The solution is tested and evaluated in two user studies. The first study is broad and explorative, the second more focused and evaluative. The solution was well received by participating subjects. They welcomed the sense of personal contact that seeing the communicating party over video link produced and appreciated the expressive power and pedagogical value of the 3D materials. Herbert Clark’s theory of use of language is suggested as a framework for the analysis of the dynamics of the relationship between

consumer and advisor.

Report code: LiU-Tek-Lic-2008:31.

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Ringoen, Jennifer. "The Psychology of Giving: Factors of Philanthropic Behavior." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/317.

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The market for philanthropic donations in America has been thriving since the 1950s. 89 percent of U.S. households make annual monetary donations to charitable organizations, contributing to 20 percent of all revenues in the nonprofit sector. Majority of the factors contributing to this growth in donations can be divided into three general categories: intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and marketing influence tactics. My thesis examines a plethora of past research to develop a comprehensive guide on the current theories of human behaviors as they pertain to charitable giving.

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Horton, Keith. "The humanitarian case for giving to aid agencies." Thesis, University of Reading, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252210.

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Barr, Una Mairead. "Voicing desistance : female perspective on giving up crime." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2017. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20458/.

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Criminological theory and research has historically focused on explaining how people get into crime and much less on how and why they stop, despite the perennial finding that most of those with convictions do eventually stop offending. The very meaning of ‘desistance’ however has been much contested, yet has broadly been linked with themes such as maturity, adult social bonds, agency, identity and hope (Bottoms et al, 2004). Even more concerning, however, is the further marginalisation of already marginalised groups within the vast majority of desistance literature. The bulk of research in this area can be noted for the salience of the white, male perspective of offending trajectories. By revisiting maturational, social bonds and subjective theories of desistance through the eyes of women traveling desistance journeys, as well as considering current criminal justice approaches, this thesis gives a female voice to desistance research. The methodology which informs this work is observation research and individual narrative interviews of females with convictions. I argue for a feminist approach to desistance, which recognises that a huge proportion of women in the CJS stem from backgrounds of abuse, economic disadvantage and alcohol, drug and mental health issues. Yet we must move away from the dichotomy of narratives of victimisation and survival and recognise that women have agency. We must challenge the neo-liberal and patriarchal approach to desistance which promotes women's role as care givers and unpaid volunteer workers. Women's desistance can challenge neo-liberal, patriarchal constructs much in the same way that women's offending often does.

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Wright, Victoria Louise. "An autoethnographic account of giving lesson observation feedback." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6430/.

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This thesis asks: what can an autoethnographic approach to research reveal about the relations between power, subject (s) and truth in the context of lesson observation feedback? As a Foucauldian inspired study, the thesis shows how experiences of giving and receiving lesson observation feedback reflect forms of knowledge and ways of being and behaving. The research engages with ongoing debates around the use of lesson observation as a tool to measure the performance of established teachers and as an approach to inform the development of student teachers. The thesis exemplifies a critical and ethically informed approach to a particular encounter: giving observation feedback. The selection, positioning and crafting of autoethnographies and the inclusion of empirical data leads to a reading experience that is continuous and discontinuous. Both the writing and the content of the thesis privilege the place of messy and subjective teacher experience in educational research. This is important as a deliberate stand that resists classification as to what kinds of encounters should be judged more meaningful. It promotes ways of drawing on a range of experiences that both student teachers and established teachers might employ in order to consider an aspect of their work more fully.

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Lloyd, Harriet. "Pity and patriotism : UK intra-national charitable giving." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/96137/.

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This thesis examines the discourse of intra-national charitable giving in the UK. I combine a rhetorical discourse analysis of Children in Need (CiN), a popular charity telethon for ‘disadvantaged’ British children, with that of six focus groups carried out with people who have different relationships with charities (student volunteers, a local Amnesty International group, bereavement counselling volunteers, non-charity related office workers, employees of different charities, and academics). Although the focus group discussions all included some consideration of CiN and its methods, they were primarily concerned with broader issues to do with disadvantage, fairness and, where relevant, charitable giving more generally. Boltanski’s (1999) seminal idea of ‘the politics of pity’ holds that relationships between those who suffer and those who observe their suffering are radically altered by distance. Seeing suffering people face-to-face is not the same as seeing them via the mass media because of the actions that are or are not possible in relation to them. This idea has been utilised in numerous studies of international charity, but so far no one has applied it to situations in which the viewed are in the same country as the viewers. I argue that the sort of (social, perceived) distance that may exist between citizens who live in the same country has similar consequences for their relationship as actual physical distance has. Indeed, representing others as if they were distant means that charity comes to be seen as the only way to relieve suffering, even though in this instance there are, in fact, many other available options. The central tension I highlight in the CiN data is that, on the one hand, British beneficiaries of charitable aid are represented as socially distant from the rest of the population, which makes the mediation that CiN offers seem necessary, while on the other hand their experiential closeness is constantly being highlighted by appealing to a particular (nostalgic) ideal of Britishness. This tension is also reflected in the focus group data: although the recipients of intra-national charitable giving are typically talked about as members of the speakers’ own in-group, there is also a lot of scepticism regarding the truthfulness and reliability of the spectacle of suffering that is presented on television screens and that does not always match up with people’s own experiences.

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Getis, Victoria. "Giving up the Ghost: Death in the Depression." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1363702987.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Giving'

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