Journal articles on the topic 'Gingivitis detection'
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Paqué, Pune N., Christopher Herz, Daniel B. Wiedemeier, Konstantinos Mitsakakis, Thomas Attin, Kai Bao, Georgios N. Belibasakis, et al. "Salivary Biomarkers for Dental Caries Detection and Personalized Monitoring." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 3 (March 23, 2021): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11030235.
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This study investigated the potential of salivary bacterial and protein markers for evaluating the disease status in healthy individuals or patients with gingivitis or caries. Saliva samples from caries- and gingivitis-free individuals (n = 18), patients with gingivitis (n = 17), or patients with deep caries lesions (n = 38) were collected and analyzed for 44 candidate biomarkers (cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, matrix metalloproteinases, a metallopeptidase inhibitor, proteolytic enzymes, and selected oral bacteria). The resulting data were subjected to principal component analysis and used as a training set for random forest (RF) modeling. This computational analysis revealed four biomarkers (IL-4, IL-13, IL-2-RA, and eotaxin/CCL11) to be of high importance for the correct depiction of caries in 37 of 38 patients. The RF model was then used to classify 10 subjects (five caries-/gingivitis-free and five with caries), who were followed over a period of six months. The results were compared to the clinical assessments of dental specialists, revealing a high correlation between the RF prediction and the clinical classification. Due to the superior sensitivity of the RF model, there was a divergence in the prediction of two caries and four caries-/gingivitis-free subjects. These findings suggest IL-4, IL-13, IL-2-RA, and eotaxin/CCL11 as potential salivary biomarkers for identifying noninvasive caries. Furthermore, we suggest a potential association between JAK/STAT signaling and dental caries onset and progression.
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OTERO, Renata A., Flávia N. N. NASCIMENTO, Ivete P. R. SOUZA, Raquel C. SILVA, Rodrigo S. LIMA, Tatiana F. ROBAINA, Fernando P. CÂMARA, Norma SANTOS, and Gloria F. CASTRO. "LACK OF ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HERPESVIRUS DETECTION IN SALIVA AND GINGIVITIS IN HIV‑INFECTED CHILDREN." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 57, no. 3 (June 2015): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652015000300007.
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The aims of this study were to compare the detection of human herpesviruses (HHVs) in the saliva of HIV-infected and healthy control children, and to evaluate associations between viral infection and gingivitis and immunodeficiency. Saliva samples were collected from 48 HIV-infected and 48 healthy control children. Clinical and laboratory data were collected during dental visits and from medical records. A trained dentist determined gingival indices and extension of gingivitis. Saliva samples were tested for herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), varicella zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) by nested polymerase chain reaction assays. Thirty-five HIV-infected and 16 control children had gingivitis. Seventeen (35.4%) HIV-infected children and 13 (27%) control children were positive for HHVs. CMV was the most commonly detected HHV in both groups (HIV-infected, 25%; control, 12.5%), followed by HSV-1 (6.2% in both groups) and HSV-2 (HIV-infected, 4.2%; control, 8.3%). The presence of HHVs in saliva was not associated with the presence of gingivitis in HIV-1-infected children (p = 0.104) or healthy control children (p = 0.251), or with immunosuppression in HIV-infected individuals (p = 0.447). Gingivitis was correlated with HIV infection (p = 0.0001). These results suggest that asymptomatic salivary detection of HHVs is common in HIV-infected and healthy children, and that it is not associated with gingivitis.
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Mendoza-Cantú, Alejandra, Víctor Hugo Urrutia-Baca, Cynthia Sofía Urbina-Ríos, Myriam Angélica De la Garza-Ramos, Martha Elena García-Martínez, and Hilda H. H. Torre-Martínez. "Prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori vacAGenotypes andcagAGene in Dental Plaque of Asymptomatic Mexican Children." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4923640.
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The variability inHelicobacter pylori vacAandcagAgenes has been related to the progression of the gastrointestinal disease; also the presence ofH. pyloriin the oral cavity has been associated with periodontal disease in adults, but, in children without dyspeptic symptoms, little is known about this. We evaluated the prevalence ofH. pyloriand the presence ofvacA/cagAgenotypes in the oral cavity of Mexican children without dyspeptic symptoms. The gingival status was measured, and dental plaque samples (n=100) were taken. 38% of children were positive forH. pylori16S rRNA gene by qPCR. A significant association betweenH. pylorioral infection and gingival status was observed (P<0.001). In 34.6% (9/26) of mild gingivitis cases,s1m2genotype was found, whiles1m1was typed in 50% (3/6) of moderate gingivitis. ThecagAprevalence amongH. pylori-positive children was 80.8% (21/26), 83.3% (5/6), and 16.7% (1/6) of cases of mild gingivitis, moderate gingivitis, and nongingivitis, respectively (P<0.001). Thes1m1/cagA+ combinational genotype was the most detected in children with gingivitis. Our results suggest that the prevalence ofH. pyloriand detection ofvacA/cagAgenotypes-associated gastrointestinal disease in the oral cavity could be related to the progression of gingivitis in asymptomatic children.
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Han, Pingping, Andrew Lai, Carlos Salomon, and Sašo Ivanovski. "Detection of Salivary Small Extracellular Vesicles Associated Inflammatory Cytokines Gene Methylation in Gingivitis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 15 (July 24, 2020): 5273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155273.
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Salivary small extracellular vesicles (sEV) are emerging as a potential liquid biopsy for oral diseases. However, technical difficulties for salivary sEV isolation remain a challenge. Twelve participants (five periodontally healthy, seven gingivitis patients) were recruited and salivary sEV were isolated by ultracentrifuge (UC-sEV) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC-sEV). The effect of UC and SEC on sEV yield, DNA methylation of five cytokine gene promoters (interleukin (IL)−6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL−1β, IL−8, and IL−10), and functional uptake by human primary gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) was investigated. The results demonstrated that SEC-sEV had a higher yield of particles and particle/protein ratios compared to UC-sEV, with a minimal effect on the detection of DNA methylation of five cytokine genes and functional uptake in hGFs (n = 3). Comparing salivary sEV characteristics between gingivitis and healthy patients, gingivitis-UC-sEV were increased compared to the healthy group; while no differences were found in sEV size, oral bacterial gDNA, and DNA methylation for five cytokine gene promoters, for both UC-sEV and SEC-sEV. Overall, the data indicate that SEC results in a higher yield of salivary sEV, with no significant differences in sEV DNA epigenetics, compared to UC.
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Barbosa, Mariane C. F., Caio L. B. Reis, Célia M. C. F. Lopes, Isabela R. Madalena, Erika C. Küchler, Flares Baratto-Filho, Carmen L. M. Storrer, Daniela C. Lima, and Daniela S. B. Oliveira. "Assessing the Association Between Nutritional Status, Caries, and Gingivitis in Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study." Global Pediatric Health 8 (January 2021): 2333794X2110012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333794x211001237.
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Objective. To evaluate if nutritional status is associated with caries and gingivitis in Brazilian schoolchildren. Material and methods. Children of both genders, age ranging from 8 to 11 years old, were included in this study. Caries was diagnosed using ICDAS (International System for Detection and Assessment of Carious Lesions) and gingivitis was diagnosed using the Community Periodontal Index. The nutritional status of each child was defined by BMI Z-score calculation. Data on oral health behavior and dietary habit were collected through parent’s questionnaires. Parametric analyzes were performed to compare the groups. The established alpha was 5%. Results. The sample consisted of 353 schoolchildren: 16 underweight children, 247 eutrophic children, 64 overweight children, and 26 were obese children. Overweight, Obese and Overweight + Obese children presented less cavitated caries lesion than Eutrophic children ( P < .05). Gingivitis was not associated with nutritional status ( P > .05). Conclusion. Caries was associated with overweight and obesity in Brazilian schoolchildren.
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Sitdikova, Olesya, Milyausha Kabirova, and Oksana Gubina. "THE IMPORTANCE OF CYTOKINES OF ORAL FLUID AND PERIODONTOPATHOGENIC MICROBIOTA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GINGIVITIS AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STRESS IN CADETS OF THE DEPARTMENTAL INSTITUTE." Actual problems in dentistry 17, no. 3 (November 12, 2021): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-21-17-3-40-47.
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Subject. Such a cytokine as transforming factor β (TFRß) deserves special attention in stress-induced gingivitis, since there are observations indicating its ability to stimulate the differentiation of myofibroblasts, which results in an increase in collagen production, the development of fibrous changes in the gum, which ultimately lead to tooth loss.
Goal. The aim is to determine the relationship between the development of signs of depression, the frequency of detection of periodontal pathogenic bacteria and the spectrum of cytokines that play a likely role in the pathogenesis of gingivitis in cadets of the departmental institute under conditions of psychoemotional stress.
Methodology. Psychological testing, clinical dental and laboratory examinations of 71 cadets of the departmental institute (41 women, 30 men) aged from 18 to 23 years were conducted. The detection of depression was carried out using the A. Beck scale, reactive and personal anxiety — Ch. Spielberger — Y.L. Khanin. To assess the periodontal condition, traditional hygienic and periodontal indices (OHI-s, RNR, PMA) were used. Identification of the marker DNA of periodontal pathogenic bacteria was carried out using a polymerase chain reaction using a test kit "Multident-5" manufactured by NPF GenLab (Russia). The content of cytokines in saliva was determined by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. For the detection of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IFNu, TNFa, sets of NPO "Vector Best" (Russia) were used, for the cytokine TFRß — from Biosource (Canada).
Results. It was found that the development of depression and gingivitis is accompanied by changes in the cytokine status, the main pathogenetic significance is IL-1β and TFRß, and the auxiliary is IL-12 and TNFa. At the same time, the cytokines IL-1β and TNFa are associated with the severity of the course of gingivitis.
Conclusions. A correlation was established for the cytokines IL-1β, TNFa and TFRß with the first-order periodontopathogenic species A actinomycetemcomitans and T. forsythia.
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Han, Pingping, Peter Mark Bartold, Carlos Salomon, and Sašo Ivanovski. "Salivary Outer Membrane Vesicles and DNA Methylation of Small Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers for Periodontal Status: A Pilot Study." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5 (February 28, 2021): 2423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052423.
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Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease, associated with a microbial dysbiosis. Early detection using salivary small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) biomarkers may facilitate timely prevention. sEVs derived from different species (i.e., humans, bacteria) are expected to circulate in saliva. This pilot study recruited 22 participants (seven periodontal healthy, seven gingivitis and eight periodontitis) and salivary sEVs were isolated using the size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) method. The healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis groups were compared in terms of salivary sEVs in the CD9+ sEV subpopulation, Gram-negative bacteria-enriched lipopolysaccharide (LPS+) outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and global DNA methylation pattern of 5-methylcytosine (5mC), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and N6-Methyladenosine (m6dA). It was found that LPS+ OMVs, global 5mC methylation and four periodontal pathogens (T. denticola, E. corrodens, P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum) that secreted OMVs were significantly increased in periodontitis sEVs compared to those from healthy groups. These differences were more pronounced in sEVs than the whole saliva and were more superior in distinguishing periodontitis than gingivitis, in comparison to healthy patients. Of note, global 5mC hypermethylation in salivary sEVs can distinguish periodontitis patients from both healthy controls and gingivitis patients with high sensitivity and specificity (AUC = 1). The research findings suggest that assessing global sEV methylation may be a useful biomarker for periodontitis.
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Sulaiman, Aws Ibrahim. "Molecular Identification of Fusobacterium Isolates and limitation of Biofilm Formation Adhesion Gene (fadA) in Dental Outpatients." Baghdad Science Journal 16, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 0843. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2019.16.4.0843.
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Fusobacterium are compulsory anaerobic gram-negative bacteria, long thin with pointed ends, it causes several illnesses to humans like pocket lesion gingivitis and periodontal disease; therefore our study is constructed on molecular identification and detection of the fadA gene which is responsible for bacterial biofilm formation. In this study, 10.2% Fusobacterium spp. were isolated from pocket lesion gingivitis. The isolates underwent identification depending on several tests under anaerobic conditions and biochemical reactions. All isolates were sensitive to Imipenem (IPM10) 42.7mm/disk, Ciprofloxacin (CIP10) 27.2mm/disk and Erythromycin (E15) 25mm/disk, respectively. 100% of Fusobacterium spp. isolates had 16S rDNA gene (360bp.), whereas two isolates had fadA gene (232bp.)
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Hong, Inpyo, Hyung-Chul Pae, Young Woo Song, Jae-Kook Cha, Jung-Seok Lee, Jeong-Won Paik, and Seong-Ho Choi. "Oral Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosing Gingivitis in Human: A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 6 (June 3, 2020): 1720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061720.
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Diagnoses based on oral fluid biomarkers have been introduced to overcome limitations of periodontal probe-based diagnoses. Diagnostic ability of certain biomarkers for periodontitis have been identified and widely studied, however, such studies targeting gingivitis is scarce. The aims of this study were to determine and compare the efficacies and accuracies of eight biomarkers in diagnosing gingivitis with the aid of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were examined in 100 participants. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected using paper points, and whole-saliva samples were collected using cotton roll. Samples were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits for the different biomarkers. The levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-9, lactoferrin, cystatin C, myeloperoxidase (MPO), platelet-activating factor, cathepsin B, and pyridinoline cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen were analyzed. MPO and MMP-8 levels in saliva were strongly correlated with gingivitis, with Pearson’s correlation coefficients of 0.399 and 0.217, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) was largest for MMP-8, at 0.814, followed by values of 0.793 and 0.777 for MPO and MMP-9, respectively. The clinical parameters of GI and PI showed strong correlations and large AUC values, whereas PD and CAL did not. MMP-8 and MPO were found to be effective for diagnosing gingivitis. Further investigations based on the results of this study may identify clinically useful biomarkers for the accurate and early detection of gingivitis.
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Yan, Yan. "Gingivitis detection by fractional Fourier entropy with optimization of hidden neurons." International Journal of Cognitive Computing in Engineering 1 (June 2020): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcce.2020.09.003.
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Ekuni, Daisuke, Mayu Yamane-Takeuchi, Kota Kataoka, Aya Yokoi, Ayano Taniguchi-Tabata, Hirofumi Mizuno, Hisataka Miyai, et al. "Validity of a New Kit Measuring Salivary Lactate Dehydrogenase Level for Screening Gingivitis." Disease Markers 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9547956.
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Aim. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of a new kit that can evaluate salivary lactate dehydrogenase (LD) level in real time for screening gingivitis. Materials and Methods. The study included 70 systemic healthy volunteers [29 males and 41 females; mean age ± SD: 24.1±2.6 years]. Resting saliva was collected from each participant and LD level was evaluated in real time using the kit (a color-changing sheet with an integer scale ranging from 1 to 10). A dentist measured probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and the proportion of sites with bleeding on probing (% BOP) at six sites on all teeth. Gingivitis was diagnosed when the BOP value was ≥20%. Results. Salivary LD level was positively correlated with mean % BOP (odds ratio: 1.47, 95% confidence interval: 1.132–1.916, and P<0.001) in a logistic regression model. The sensitivity and specificity of the kit were 0.89 and 0.98, respectively, at a cut-off value of 8.0 for LD level. Conclusions. The new kit for measurement of salivary LD level may be a useful tool to screen for gingivitis in young adults, which contributes to early detection of future periodontitis.
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Ariandi, Vicky, Musli Yanto, Annisak Izzaty Jamhur, Firdaus Firdaus, and Riandana Afira. "Optimization artificial neural network classification analysis model diagnosis Gingivitis disease." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 29, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 1648. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v29.i3.pp1648-1656.
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<span lang="EN-US">Gingivitis is a disease that can be caused by the buildup of bacteria and plaque caused by leftover food. This disease can attack anyone, especially children who are not aware of maintaining dental and oral health. This study aims to build and optimize the classification analysis model for the diagnosis of Gingivitis. The classification analysis model was built using the artificial neural network (ANN) method which was optimized using fuzzy logic and the multiple linear regression (MRL) method. Optimization with fuzzy aims to develop a pattern of rules in the detection. The MRL method is also used as a process of measuring analysis patterns to ensure the analytical model presents maximum results. The results study indicate that the optimization of fuzzy and MRL methods provides excellent output. These results are based on the fuzzy output which can provide a pattern of 40 rules. The MRL method is can present the level of correlation of each analysis variable with a significant output having an average value of 94.2%. Based on the results of this study, the analysis model that is optimized with the fuzzy logic method and MRL contributes to maximizing the process of diagnosing Gingivitis.</span>
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Pattnaik, Naina, Anurag Satpathy, Rinkee Mohanty, Rashmita Nayak, and Surjeet Sahoo. "Interdisciplinary Management of Gingivitis Artefacta Major: A Case Series." Case Reports in Dentistry 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/678504.
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Cases described here discuss interdisciplinary (periodontal and behavioral) approach in the management of rare and difficult to diagnose self-inflicted injuries of gingiva such as gingivitis artefacta major. Self-inflicted injuries to the gingiva are rare and their management by periodontal therapy alone is inadequate. Proper management of this condition requires early detection and effective psychological treatment through behavioral therapy in addition to the treatment of dental lesion. Three male patients in their twenties presented with traumatic injuries of gingiva with history of self-injury and underlying emotional disturbances. Following basic periodontal intervention, their self-inflicting behavior was confirmed on psychiatric consultation. All of them underwent cognitive behavior therapy and were able to successfully curb their self-inflicting behavior prior to any definitive dental procedures. These cases illustrate the essentiality of behavioral intervention in addition to periodontal procedures in the management of such lesions.
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Alalharith, Dima M., Hajar M. Alharthi, Wejdan M. Alghamdi, Yasmine M. Alsenbel, Nida Aslam, Irfan Ullah Khan, Suliman Y. Shahin, Simona Dianišková, Muhanad S. Alhareky, and Kasumi K. Barouch. "A Deep Learning-Based Approach for the Detection of Early Signs of Gingivitis in Orthodontic Patients Using Faster Region-Based Convolutional Neural Networks." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22 (November 15, 2020): 8447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228447.
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Computer-based technologies play a central role in the dentistry field, as they present many methods for diagnosing and detecting various diseases, such as periodontitis. The current study aimed to develop and evaluate the state-of-the-art object detection and recognition techniques and deep learning algorithms for the automatic detection of periodontal disease in orthodontic patients using intraoral images. In this study, a total of 134 intraoral images were divided into a training dataset (n = 107 [80%]) and a test dataset (n = 27 [20%]). Two Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN) models using ResNet-50 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) were developed. The first model detects the teeth to locate the region of interest (ROI), while the second model detects gingival inflammation. The detection accuracy, precision, recall, and mean average precision (mAP) were calculated to verify the significance of the proposed model. The teeth detection model achieved an accuracy, precision, recall, and mAP of 100 %, 100%, 51.85%, and 100%, respectively. The inflammation detection model achieved an accuracy, precision, recall, and mAP of 77.12%, 88.02%, 41.75%, and 68.19%, respectively. This study proved the viability of deep learning models for the detection and diagnosis of gingivitis in intraoral images. Hence, this highlights its potential usability in the field of dentistry and aiding in reducing the severity of periodontal disease globally through preemptive non-invasive diagnosis.
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Riviere, George R., Kathryn S. Smith, Eleni Tzagaroulaki, Susan L. Kay, Xianglian Zhu, Timothy A. DeRouen, and Donald F. Adams. "Periodontal Status and Detection Frequency of Bacteria at Sites of Periodontal Health and Gingivitis." Journal of Periodontology 67, no. 2 (February 1996): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.1996.67.2.109.
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Podzimek, Stepan, Jaroslav Mysak, Tatjana Janatova, and Jana Duskova. "C-Reactive Protein in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis, Gingivitis, and Gingival Recessions." Mediators of Inflammation 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/564858.
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CRP is a plasma protein that reflects a measure of the acute phase response to inflammation and is one of the markers of choice in monitoring this response. CRP can be used for the prediction and early detection of periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the systemic levels of CRP in the peripheral blood samples of patients with chronic and aggressive periodontitis, gingivitis, and gingival recessions and compare them with periodontal clinical parameters. All patients (N=158) were examined prior to the initiation of periodontal treatment. Patients were divided into four groups. Group A consisted of 26 patients with aggressive periodontitis, Group B consisted of 111 patients with chronic periodontitis, Group C consisted of 13 patients with gingivitis, and Group D consisted of 8 patients with gingival recessions. Our study results indicate that CRP levels increase subsequently with the severity of the periodontal disease and that the bleeding on probing index showed much better positive correlation with the CRP levels compared to the pocket depth index in both periodontitis patients groups, especially in aggressive periodontitis patients.
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Ramírez Thomé, Saira, Beatriz Ávila Curiel, María T. Hernández Huerta, and Carlos Solórzano Mata. "β-defensinas como posibles indicadores de la actividad inflamatoria en la enfermedad periodontal." Investigación Clínica 63, no. 4 (November 11, 2022): 414–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54817/ic.v63n4a08.
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Periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) is an inflam-matory process caused by the activity of pathogenic bacteria and their products on the gingival sulcus, with the consequent activation of the immune response. Saliva and crevicular fluid contain a wide variety of enzymes and antimicrobial factors that are in contact with the supragingival and subgingival region, in-cluding β-defensins (hBDs). hHBDs are non-glycosylated, cysteine-rich cationic peptides produced by epithelial cells with antimicrobial and immunoregulatory effects, thus contributing to maintaining homeostasis in periodontal tissues. The changes in the microbiota and the immune response from a healthy peri-odontium to gingivitis and, finally, to periodontitis are complex. Their sever-ity depends on a dynamic balance between bacteria associated with plaque, genetic and environmental factors. Recent advances have made it possible to understand the implication of hBDs in the detection, diagnosis, and therapy of periodontal disease and the relationship between periodontitis and other inflammatory conditions. This review aims to describe the effect of hBDs on the immune response and its use as a possible marker of the inflammatory activity of the periodontal disease.
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Davidovich, N. V., N. V. Solovieva, A. S. Galieva, S. Yu Lepeshkin, E. N. Bashilova, S. N. Pisareva, and T. A. Bazhukova. "Role of antimicrobial peptides system in inflammatory periodontal diseases non-specific oral cavity protection." Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 66, no. 7 (July 16, 2021): 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-7-422-427.
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The system of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) is one of the most ancient mechanisms of the macroorganism resistance to infectious pathogens invasion. The aim of the study was to determine the role of the antimicrobial peptides system and periodontal pathogenic markers in the development and progression of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Gingival pocket washes (91 samples in total) for the research were received from patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases (chronic periodontitis and gingivitis) and intact periodontium. Using ELISA, the content of antimicrobial peptides was determined: human alpha-defensin (HNP 1-3), beta-defensin (HBD 1-3) and cathelicidin (LL-37). Periodontal pathogenic markers were isolated during RT-PCR. The study revealed differences in AMP concentrations by groups: level of HBD 2 in patients with chronic periodontitis was 1,36 times higher than those in the group of patients with chronic gingivitis (p=0,023) and 2,39 times higher than those in the control group (p<0,001), the content of HNP 1-3 in the group of patients with chronic periodontitis was reduced by 1,23 times compared with the indicators of the group of patients with gingivitis (p=0,045) and by 1,97 times compared with the indicators of the control group (p<0,001). The frequency of detection of periodontal pathogenic bacteria genes was 88,0% in patients with periodontitis, 76,92% in patients with gingivitis and 33,3% in the group with intact periodontium. HBD 2 content moderately correlated with the definition of P. gingivalis (r=0,612; p=0,022), T. forsythensis (r= 0,434; p=0,015), A. actinomycetemcomitans (r=0,483; p=0,006), a moderate negative correlation was detected between the content of HNP 1-3 and the release of periodontal pathogens in associations (P. gingivalis with T. forsythensis and T. denticola) (r=-0,388; p=0,031) in the group of patients with chronic periodontitis. Thus, the revealed relationships and correlations indicate shifts in the processes of reparative regeneration of the oral cavity and the regulation of local immunity in response to microbial invasion.
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Hassan, Sandy Shabaan, Gihane Gharib Madkour, Ramy Wahba Henin, Selvia Wahib Fayek Gad, and Amany Ahmed Abd El-Aal. "Is Entamoeba Gingivalis a Risk Factor for Periodontal Diseases? A Case-Control Study." December 2019 3, no. 1 (May 15, 2019): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26810/perioj.2019.a3.
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Background: Entamoeba gingivalis was the first commensal parasite detected in the oral cavity of humans, and a high incidence has been reported in patients with poor oral hygiene. The current study aimed to investigate the association of Entamoeba gingivalis with gingivitis and periodontitis among Egyptian subjects. Methods: A total of 120 plaque samples were collected for this case-control study and were divided as follows: 40 plaque samples from gingivitis patients (group 1), 40 from stage II grade A and B periodontitis patients (group 2), and 40 samples from healthy volunteers (group 3). Diagnosis of parasitic stages relied on direct microscopic detection using permanent stains, trichrome stain, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain, in addition to ocular micrometry to confirm the diagnosis. Results: The occurrence of Entamoeba gingivalis within the gingivitis group was significantly higher (40%) than that observed in the control group (22.5%), whereas the occurrence within the periodontitis group was 15%. Samples from diseased subjects, regardless of immune status, were found to be moderately to severely affected with numerous parasitic nests, in contrast to a moderate near mild occurrence that was recorded in the healthy control group. Moreover, Entamoeba gingivalis occurrence was significantly higher (77.4%) in subjects with bad oral hygiene. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest a potential role for the neglected oral parasitic Entamoeba gingivalis, especially the intensively multiplying forms, in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. This certainly needs further elucidation on a larger scale to explore the basis behind such multiplication, which may be related to genetic variation or may be pathophysiological in origin.
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Queck, Katherine E., Angela Chapman, Leslie J. Herzog, Tamara Shell-Martin, Anthony Burgess-Cassler, and George David McClure. "Oral-Fluid Thiol-Detection Test Identifies Underlying Active Periodontal Disease Not Detected by the Visual Awake Examination." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 54, no. 3 (May 1, 2018): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-6607.
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ABSTRACT Periodontal disease in dogs is highly prevalent but can only be accurately diagnosed by performing an anesthetized oral examination with periodontal probing and dental radiography. In this study, 114 dogs had a visual awake examination of the oral cavity and were administered an oral-fluid thiol-detection test prior to undergoing a a full-mouth anesthetized oral examination and digital dental radiographs. The results show the visual awake examination underestimated the presence and severity of active periodontal disease. The thiol-detection test was superior to the visual awake examination at detecting the presence and severity of active periodontal disease and was an indicator of progression toward alveolar bone loss. The thiol-detection test detected active periodontal disease at early stages of development, before any visual cues were present, indicating the need for intervention to prevent periodontal bone loss. Early detection is important because without intervention, dogs with gingivitis (active periodontal disease) progress to irreversible periodontal bone loss (stage 2+). As suggested in the current AAHA guidelines, a thiol-detection test administered in conjunction with the visual awake examination during routine wellness examinations facilitates veterinarian-client communication and mitigates under-diagnosis of periodontal disease and underutilization of dental services. The thiol-detection test can be used to monitor the periodontal health status of the conscious patient during follow-up examinations based on disease severity.
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Sheshukova, O. V., and I. О. Kuz. "ANALYSIS OF HYGIENE AND PERIODONTAL INDEXES OF CHILDREN WITH I TYPE DIABETES MELLITUS." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 4 (December 23, 2020): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.4.2020.17.
Full textAbstract:
Gingivitis and periodontitis are two forms of periodontal disease that are well known as oral complications in diabetic patients. Particular attention should be paid to the diagnosis of periodontal disease at an early age among patients with this endocrinological pathology. The aim of this scientific work was to assess the gum bleeding and the state of the periodontium in children with type I diabetes mellitus during the periods of milk bite and period of mixed dentition.
Scientific studies of gingivitis during milk and variable occlusion in children with diabetes are quite rare. In addition, the period limited by the age ranges is transitional for the dental-maxillary system. This fact will allow us to have a great opportunity to study the differences from deciduous and permanent teeth.
258 children aged from six to fourteen were examined for this scientific work, namely 129 children with type I diabetes mellitus and 129 children without somatic diseases. All patients were divided into appropriate subgroups: somatically healthy children without signs of gingivitis, somatically healthy children with signs of gingivitis, children with type I diabetes mellitus without signs of gingivitis, children with type I diabetes mellitus with signs of gingivitis.
The hygiene index was determined according to Fedorov - Volodkina (1968) and OHI-S (Green, Vermillion, 1964). The periodontal condition was assessed by the PMA index (papillary-marginal-alveolar index) modified with Parma (1960). Bleeding index was determined according to Loe, Silness (1967), that is, the so-called gingival index (GI). We also calculated the bleeding index according to Muhleman H.R. (1971).
There was no statistically significant difference in the values of the intensity of caries, its prevalence and hygiene indexes in the group with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus compared with healthy children.
Our studies showed a statistically significant difference between the control group and patients with type I diabetes mellitus regarding periodontal indexes and gingival bleeding, consistent with existing data in the literature. Inflammatory processes in the periodontium of children and adults with diabetes mellitus have been increased. It is also very important to recognize this process as soon as possible.
The results of this research work determine that children with diabetes have a great risk of bleeding gums compared to children without diabetes.
We cannot say that gingivitis in children always lead to destructive periodontal disease in adulthood, a number of Ukrainian and foreign authors point out that children with insulin-dependent diabetes are more prone to periodontal destruction, than healthy ones. This is important because the most common periodontal diseases can be prevented even in people with an increased susceptibility to them and the development of destruction can be stopped by early detection of the disease in the early stages. Moreover, there is evidence that the treatment of periodontal disease in adults with diabetes has a positive effect on the level of metabolic control of these individuals.
Thus, in light of the current results, oral screening and preventive programs should emphasize the importance of timely diagnosis of periodontal disease even during the milk occlusion and period of mixed dentition, especially in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
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Loban, G. A., T. O. Petrushanko, V. V. Chereda, M. O. Faustova, M. M. Ananieva, and Ya A. Basarab. "DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF MICROBIAL FLORA IMBALANCE IN GINGIVAL BIOFILM." International Journal of Medicine and Medical Research 5, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/ijmmr.2413-6077.2019.2.10448.
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Background. Periodontal tissues inflammatory diseases are widespread among young people.
Objective. This study was aimed at elaborating the method to assess risks of periodontal inflammatory diseases and determining its efficacy depending on the state of dental tissues, gum tissues and sex.
Methods. The study included 182 students (93 men, 89 women) aged 19-29: 22 individuals had no lesions of hard dental tissues and no signs of periodontal disease; 51 individuals were found to have DMF index <6; 52 individuals – DMF index ≥6; 57 individuals were diagnosed with chronic catarrhal gingivitis. Primary groups were formed in autumn; re-examination was carried in spring. The research participants were assessed for detection of risks of periodontal inflammatory disease by the method developes by the authors (Patent UA 54041).
Results. The study revealed that the risk of development of preiodontitis increases in individuals with high caries and gingivitis intensity. In spring, more individuals suffer from microbial imbalance in in the composition of gingival sulcus fluid and decrease in the mean stability coefficient value that indicates an increased risk of inflammatory periodontal disease development. Women were less likely to experience seasonal dysbiotic changes in the gingival sulcus fluid composition compared with men.
Conclusions. The method suggested for assessment of the risk of periodontal inflammatory diseases is of high informativeness. It allows clinicians detecting early pre-nosological signs of oral microbiocenosis imbalance that enhances the effectiveness of early diagnosis of inflammatory periodontal diseases.
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Da Venezia, Claudia, Nayib Hussein, Marcela Hernández, Johanna Contreras, Alicia Morales, Macarena Valdés, Francisca Rojas, Loreto Matamala, and Patricia Hernández-Ríos. "Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Women with Periodontal Diseases According to C-reactive Protein Levels." Biomolecules 11, no. 8 (August 19, 2021): 1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11081238.
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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are highly prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide. Periodontitis may act as a non-traditional cardiovascular risk (CVR) factor, linked by a low-grade systemic inflammation mediated by C-reactive protein (CRP). Patients with periodontitis reported higher serum CRP levels; however, a CRP systemic and periodontal correlation in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and its CVR impact have been barely studied. We aimed to assess the association between periodontal diseases and CVR in a group of adult women, based on serum high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) levels; and secondly, to determine the association between serum and GCF CRP levels. Gingival crevicular fluid and blood samples were obtained from women with periodontitis, gingivitis, and healthy controls. Serum and GCF CRP were determined by turbidimetric method and Luminex technology, respectively. Data were analyzed and adjusted by CVR factors. All women presented moderate CVR, without an evident association between serum hs-CRP levels and periodontal diseases. While serum hs-CRP concentrations did not significantly differ between groups, patients with gingivitis and periodontitis showed higher CRP levels in GCF, which positively correlated to CRP detection in serum.
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Tellapragada, Chaitanya, Vandana Kalwaje Eshwara, Shashidhar Acharya, Parvati Bhat, Asha Kamath, Shashidhar Vishwanath, and Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay. "Prevalence of Clinical Periodontitis and Putative Periodontal Pathogens among South Indian Pregnant Women." International Journal of Microbiology 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/420149.
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In view of recent understanding of the association of periodontal infections and adverse pregnancy outcomes, the present investigation was undertaken to study the periodontal infections among 390 asymptomatic pregnant women and to find an association of bacterial etiologies with the disease. Prevalence of gingivitis was 38% and clinical periodontitis was 10% among the study population. Subgingival plaque specimens were subjected to multiplex PCR targeting ten putative periodontopathogenic bacteria. Among the periodontitis group, high detection rates ofPorphyromonas gingivalis(56%),Prevotella nigrescens(44%),Treponema denticola(32%), andPrevotella intermedius(24%) were noted along with significant association with the disease (P<0.05).
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Kamodyová, Natália, Lenka Baňasová, Katarína Janšáková, Ivana Koborová, Ľubomíra Tóthová, Peter Stanko, and Peter Celec. "Blood Contamination in Saliva: Impact on the Measurement of Salivary Oxidative Stress Markers." Disease Markers 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/479251.
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Salivary oxidative stress markers represent a promising tool for monitoring of oral diseases. Saliva can often be contaminated by blood, especially in patients with periodontitis. The aim of our study was to examine the impact of blood contamination on the measurement of salivary oxidative stress markers. Saliva samples were collected from 10 healthy volunteers and were artificially contaminated with blood (final concentration 0.001–10%). Next, saliva was collected from 12 gingivitis and 10 control patients before and after dental hygiene treatment. Markers of oxidative stress were measured in all collected saliva samples. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and antioxidant status were changed in 1% blood-contaminated saliva. Salivary AOPP were increased in control and patients after dental treatment (by 45.7% and 34.1%,p<0.01). Salivary AGEs were decreased in patients after microinjury (by 69.3%,p<0.001). Salivary antioxidant status markers were decreased in both control and patients after dental treatment (p<0.05andp<0.01). One % blood contamination biased concentrations of salivary oxidative stress markers. Saliva samples with 1% blood contamination are visibly discolored and can be excluded from analyses without any specific biochemic detection of blood constituents. Salivary markers of oxidative stress were significantly altered in blood-contaminated saliva in control and patients with gingivitis after dental hygiene treatment.
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Martini, Andresa De Cássia, Lianna Ghisi Gomes, Fernanda Harumi Mruyama, Luciana Maria Curtio Soares, Sandra Helena Ramiro Corrêa, Valéria Dutra, Luciano Nakazato, and Roberto Lopes De Souza. "Periodontopathogens Detection in White-Cheeked Spider Monkey (Ateles marginatus)." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 46 (September 5, 2018): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.87484.
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Background: Control of oral lesions contributes directly to the survival, and welfare of captive animals, and studies show that the genus Ateles has a higher prevalence of widespread periodontal disease compared to other genera. Anaerobic microbial species, considered as periodontal pathogens, are part of the biofilm community that contributes to the development of periodontitis. The present study aimed to detect periodontopathogenos in the oral cavity of two captive white-cheeked spider monkeys (Ateles marginatus) submitted for assessment oral and subgingival curettage.Case: We evaluated one pair of captive white-cheeked spider monkeys, one male (A) and one female (B), of 15 years of age with an average weight of 7 kg. Animals were fed daily with rations for primates, including fruit, vegetables, and raw eggs. The animals underwent oral evaluation, and following the charting of odontogram and photographic documentation, both were classified with periodontal disease stage III, according to the AVDC (American College of Veterinary Dentistry). They presented with moderate periodontitis, characterized by a loss of 25 to 50% of periodontal insertion and exposure of furcation degree 2, measured through clinical survey. During intraoral review, animals underwent subgingival curettage with curette of Gracey on the surface of the canine vestibular (C) and four top bilateral premolars (4PM). Antibiotics were not used at the time of collection, for dealing with routine procedures of clinical evaluation. The animals showed an increase in the volume of hemorrhagic features in the vestibular region between C and the second pre molar (2PM) on the upper right. Incisional biopsy was collected immediately at the end of the assessment, for the purpose of histopathological analyses. The samples from subgingival collection were immediately deposited in microtubes containing 500 µL of 0.9% saline solution and kept at -18°C until the time of genomic DNA extraction. The extracted DNA were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of Fusobacterium spp., Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Tannerella forsythia. All the samples detected in PCR were confirmed by partial sequencing of genes. Fusobacterium spp., P. gingivalis, and T. forsythia were detected in both individuals A and B. The identification of P. intermedia was exclusive to animal A and histopathological analysis of the gingival fragment showed severe and diffuse neutrophilic infiltrates, confirming the of gingivitis for this individual, with greater severity in the disease progression.Discussion: Older animals in captivity have a higher incidence of periodontal disease and high expression of inflammatory cytokines and immune receptors involved in the induction of inflammation as compared to younger animals, as well as free-living animals. Gingivitis and periodontitis are associated with an increase in the frequency of anaerobic, gramnegative microorganisms, whereby the production of pigments and a variety of enzymes damages the periodontal tissues. Knowing that the presence of bacterial species directly affects the periodontal condition and that the participation of these microorganisms favors the installation and progression of the disease, this study describes the first molecular detection of periodontopathogens related to periodontal disease in white-cheeked spider monkeys. We concluded that these pathogens are present in the oral cavity of white-cheeked spider monkeys, highlighting the importance of routine and proper food handling in captive animals.
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Ashimoto, A., C. Chen, I. Bakker, and J. Slots. "Polymerase chain reaction detection of 8 putative periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque of gingivitis and advanced periodontitis lesions." Oral Microbiology and Immunology 11, no. 4 (August 1996): 266–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-302x.1996.tb00180.x.
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Liu, Ping, Yi Liu, Jianning Wang, Yang Guo, Yujie Zhang, and Shuiqing Xiao. "Detection of Fusobacterium Nucleatum and fadA Adhesin Gene in Patients with Orthodontic Gingivitis and Non-Orthodontic Periodontal Inflammation." PLoS ONE 9, no. 1 (January 9, 2014): e85280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0085280.
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Tinoco, Neyde M. B., and Per Gjermo. "Comparison of the effectiveness of three different methods in detection of changes in gingivitis in the primary dentition." Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 20, no. 2 (April 1992): 84–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1992.tb00682.x.
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Sitdikova, Olesya, Milyausha Kabirova, Natalia Kudashkina, and Favil Sitdikov. "THE EFFECT OF COMPLEX TREATMENT WITH THE USE OF DENTAL GEL OF ORIGINAL COMPOSITION ON THE INDICATORS OF PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL AND DENTAL HEALTH OF CADETS OF THE DEPARTMENTAL INSTITUTE." Actual problems in dentistry 17, no. 3 (November 12, 2021): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-21-17-3-48-57.
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Subject. Dental diseases are a frequent companion of distress, since the negative impact of psychoemotional stress on the immune status of cadets is reflected in changes in the microflora of the oral cavity and periodontal [4, 9].
The aim of the study is to evaluate the results of using the developed gel for the preven-tion and treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases in cadets who are under psychoemotional stress.
Methodology. The group of examined persons consisted of 245 people-cadets of 1–4 courses of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. After the dental exami-nation, the cadets were divided into 2 groups: 26 cadets were found to have gingivi-tis/periodontitis of mild severity (group I), and 45 cadets without periodontal lesions (group II) served as a comparison group. The study included psychological testing, clarification of the state of their vegetative reactions and cortisol content in saliva, molecular genetic deter-mination of the composition of the most common periodontal pathogenic bacteria of the dentoalveolar furrow and enzyme immunoassay of the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines in saliva, cell-regulatory and immunosuppressive effects.
Results.The application of the gel helps to correct the phenomena of depression, while it affects the frequency of relapses of diseases.The effect of the application on the frequency of detection of periodontal pathogenic bacteria in cadets is manifested in relation to Tanerella forsythia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in the absence of depression, but in the presence of periodontal lesions. When the phenomena of gingivitis/periodontitis of mild se-verity occurred against the background of depression, the effects of using dental gel were in the form of a decrease in the occurrence of these bacteria. There was a significant drop in the oral fluid of IL-12 in the group with depression and periodontal disease, as well as IL-10 in the group without depression, but with mild gingivitis/periodontitis.
Conclusions. The developed dental gel is recommended both for the phenomena of de-pression and in cases of mild gingivitis/periodontitis against the background of psychoemotional stress.
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Cortelli, Sheila Cavalca, Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge, José Roberto Cortelli, Shawn Francis Jordan, and Violet Ibyola Haraszthy. "Detection of highly and minimally leukotoxic Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains in patients with periodontal disease." Pesquisa Odontológica Brasileira 17, no. 2 (June 2003): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1517-74912003000200016.
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This study examined the prevalence of highly and minimally leukotoxic Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in patients with periodontal disease. Pooled subgingival plaque samples from 136 patients with some form of periodontal disease were examined. Subjects were between 14 and 76 years of age. Clinical examinations included periodontal pocket depth (PD), plaque index (PI) and bleeding index (BI). The obtained plaque samples were examined for the presence of highly or minimally leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strains by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Chi-square and logistic regression were performed to evaluate the results. Forty-seven subjects were diagnosed with gingivitis, 70 with chronic periodontitis and 19 with aggressive periodontitis. According to chi-square there was no significant correlation detected between PD (chi2 = 0.73), PI (chi2 = 0.35), BI (chi2 = 0.09) and the presence of the highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans. The highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strains were correlated with subjects that were 28 years of age and younger (chi2 = 7.41). There was a significant correlation between highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans and aggressive periodontitis (chi2 = 22.06). This study of a Brazilian cohort confirms the strong association between highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strains and the presence of aggressive periodontitis.
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Imbronito, Ana Vitória, Osmar Shizuo Okuda, Nivea Maria de Freitas, Roberto Fraga Moreira Lotufo, and Fabio Daumas Nunes. "Detection of Herpesviruses and Periodontal Pathogens in Subgingival Plaque of Patients With Chronic Periodontitis, Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis, or Gingivitis." Journal of Periodontology 79, no. 12 (December 2008): 2313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.2008.070388.
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Han, Daewoo, Sancai Xie, and Andrew Steckl. "(Invited) Salivary Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Detection Using Lateral Flow Sandwich-Based Immunoassay Point-of-Care Devices." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 53 (July 7, 2022): 2181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01532181mtgabs.
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Endotoxins, also known as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), are important macromolecules existing in the outmost part of Gram-negative bacteria, which are generated when the bacteria are in growing and stationary phases. Large numbers of LPS molecules are released when the bacteria die. For example, a single E. coli bacterium can release ~ 2 million LPS molecules. Once LPS is released, the lipid A part is exposed to the host’s immune system, eliciting strong immune response, including various inflammations, potentially life-threatening sepsis, and septic shock. Gingivitis is a sign of disturbance in the oral microbiome by overgrowing Gram-negative bacteria. More than 50% of global population has some level of gingivitis, which can worsen to periodontitis if it is not properly treated. Periodontitis is a severe gum infection disease that eventually leads to tooth loss and other serious health complications. [1] While endotoxins induce a strong immune response in hosts, they can also serve as important biomarkers to diagnose various bacterial diseases. P. gingivalis, one of > 500 bacteria species found in subgingival plaque is a major Gram-negative pathogenic bacterium that is responsible for chronic periodontitis. LPS from P. gingivalis (PG LPS) induces significant host responses in gingival tissue by increasing the production of inflammatory biomarkers. Furthermore, because of the close relationship between P. gingivalis and other important systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative (Alzheimer’s) disease that has emerged in recent years, quantitative evaluation of PG LPS has become a key measure in oral health, as well as in the whole body health system.[2] Considering the increasing significance of P. gingivalis LPS, high demand for a novel point-of-care device has emerged for both early diagnosis and frequent monitoring of PG LPS levels. Traditional qualitative detection of bacterial biomarkers is carried out mostly utilizing the well-known PCR method, which requires trained personnel and a relatively longer time span in a laboratory setting. Lateral flow assay is one of the most promising POC platforms with many benefits, such as low cost, simple fabrication process, user-friendly colorimetric interface, rapid turnaround time, and no need for external instruments.[3] We have developed a point-of-care lateral flow assay (LFA) device to detect and quantify PG LPS concentrations in human saliva using the sandwich assay approach with two different antibodies. Fig. 1a shows the basic concept of our sandwich immunoassay on the LFA device. LPS is a large biomacromolecule with multiple binding sites, which is very beneficial for utilizing the more sensitive sandwich-type approach versus competitive immunoassay approach. Two different antibodies are utilized in the device. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) is conjugated to the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) to capture PG LPS molecules in the sample solution. A polyclonal antibody (pAb) is printed and immobilized on the nitrocellulose membrane of LFA device in order to form a test line for capturing the AuNP conjugates bound to PG LPS from the sample solution. When LPS is present in the sample solution, the mAb-conjugated AuNP particles (mAb-AuNP) bind to LPS. Then the combined LPS-mAb-AuNP conjugate particles flow through the porous nitrocellulose membrane and are captured by the immobilized pAb in the test line stripe on the LFA. Polyclonal antibodies can bind to other available binding sites on the LPS membrane that were not utilized by the monoclonal antibody. When sufficient LPS-mAb-AuNP particles are captured a reddish test line is observed on the nitrocellulose membrane. The control line on the LFA is printed on the LFA using protein G, which captures the monoclonal antibody on the AuNP’s in order to validate the test by confirming the conjugation status between mAb and AuNP. Fig. 1b shows the test line intensity at multiple LPS concentrations. The test line intensity increases linearly with LPS concentration, with the effective linear dynamic range up to ~2 µg/mL concentration and a limit of detection of ~ 22 ng/mL. Also, while the assay presented the strongest test line intensity for P. gingivalis, neither a-mucin, which is most abundant protein in saliva, nor E. coli LPS produced a test line signal. P. pallens LPS, which is related to Gingivitis disease, resulted in a much weaker test line formation. Park, B.S. and J.-O. Lee, Recognition of lipopolysaccharide pattern by TLR4 complexes. Experimental & Molecular Medicine, 2013. 45(12): p. e66-e66. He, W., et al., Point-of-Care Periodontitis Testing: Biomarkers, Current Technologies, and Perspectives. Trends in Biotechnology, 2018. 36(11): p. 1127-1144. Dalirirad, S., D. Han, and A.J. Steckl, Aptamer-Based Lateral Flow Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Salivary Cortisol. ACS Omega, 2020, 51: p. 32890–32898.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c03223 Figure 1
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Sariyem, Sariyem, Irmanita Wiradona, and Sadimin Sadimin. "Information System for Early Detection of Dental and Mouth Diseases in Pregnant Women." Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi 8, no. 2 (December 13, 2021): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/jkg.v8i2.7927.
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AbstractProblems with dental and oral health are experienced by pregnant women, including 30-100% of pregnant women experiencing gingivitis. Dental and oral health checks in pregnant women include a dental and oral health assessment card that contains the habits of pregnant women that can affect the risk of dental and oral diseases. The use of the card is not maximal and has not been widely used, so that dental and oral diseases in pregnant women are still high and cannot be detected properly.Objective: To produce innovations in the effort of early detection of risk information for dental and oral diseases based on information to support dental and oral health of pregnant womenMethod: The research method used in this study is the Research and Development method or research planning and development. With a sample of 20 consisting of 5 dentists, 5 dental nurses, 5 midwives, and 5 pregnant women. The main field test uses quasi-experimental post-test only control group design. The research instrument used was a questionnaire to assess the feasibility of media and questionnaires to test testimonials using the chi-square test.Results: there is a significant value in the test testimony of the application of early detection of dental and oral diseases in pregnant women seen with a p-value of 0.05, which means the application of early detection of dental and oral diseases as a medium of information that is easily acceptedConclusion: the application of early detection of dental and oral diseases in pregnant women is more effective than the dental health examination card in pregnant women
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Narvaez-Flores, Jessica, Gabriela Vilar-Pineda, Laura Acosta-Torres, and Rene Garcia-Contreras. "Cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects of chitosan and hemostatic gelatin in oral cell culture." Acta Odontológica Latinoamericana 34, no. 2 (September 2021): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.54589/aol.34/2/098.
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Chitosan is a biopolymer with bactericidal/bacteriostatic effect, biocompatible and biodegradable. It has been used in tissue engineering to replace tissues partially or completely by releasing bioactive materials or influencing cell growth, usually in regenerative medicine and dentistry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effect of chitosan alone or with hemostatic gelatin (Spongostand®) in cultures of human pulp cells (HPC), human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and mouse pre-osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1, ATCC). HPC and HGF were isolated from patients. Cells were subcultured in DMEM. Chitosan was inoculated at different concentrations (0-0.5%) and hemostatic gelatins impregnated with chitosan (0.19%) were placed directly in the presence of cells and incubated for 24 hours. Cell viability was determined by MTT method and mean cytotoxic concentration (CC50) was calculated from the dose-response curve. Anti-inflammatory effect was calculated from the in vitro gingivitis model induced with interleukin 1beta (IL-1β) in HGF and protein detection. The data were subjected to Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Experiments were performed in triplicate of three independent assays. Cell viability of HPC, HGF and MC3T3-E1 in contact with chitosan decreased significantly (p<0.05). The HPC were the most sensitive (CC50= 0.18%), followed by HGF (CC50=0.18%) and MC3T3-E1 (CC50= 0.19%). The cytotoxicity of gelatins impregnated with chitosan decreased cell viability of HGF and HPC by 11% and 5%, respectively. The proinflammatory effect was reduced significantly in the gingivitis model. To conclude, chitosan induces moderate cytotoxic effects alone or with hemostatic gelatin at 0.19%, in dose-dependent manner, with anti-inflammatory effects on human gingival fibroblasts. The use of chitosan as a biomaterial can be an excellent choice for use in regenerative dentistry.
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Schüler, Ina Manuela, Stefanie Haberstroh, Kristin Dawczynski, Thomas Lehmann, and Roswitha Heinrich-Weltzien. "Dental Caries and Developmental Defects of Enamel in the Primary Dentition of Preterm Infants: Case-Control Observational Study." Caries Research 52, no. 1-2 (December 9, 2017): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000480124.
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Aim: Assessment of dental health in the primary dentition of preterm infants (PTI) including investigation of mother- and infant-related risk factors in a case-control study design. Material and Methods: One hundred twenty-eight infants aged 3-4 years were included. Sixty-four PTI (27 males) were randomly selected from the preterm registry of the Jena University Hospital. As a control group served 64 full-term infants (FTI) recruited from the Department of Paediatric Dentistry, matched for age and sex. Dental examinations were provided by one dentist under standard clinical conditions. Caries was scored using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) and the DMFT, gingival health using the Periodontal Screening Index, and developmental defects of enamel using the DDE index. Mother- and infant-related factors were collected via a questionnaire and from medical records. Results: The caries prevalence was 50.0% (ICDAS II >0) in PTI and 12.5% (ICDAS II >0) in FTI. The caries experience was higher in PTI (DMFT 1.0 ± 3.1) than in FTI (DMFT 0.3 ± 1.0). PTI had a higher risk of caries (OR 7.0), initial lesions (OR 6.2), DDE (OR 7.5), and gingivitis (OR 6.5) than FTI. The highest risk occurred in PTI with an extremely low birth weight (<1,000 g). A higher risk of DDE was present when mothers suffered from illness during pregnancy (OR 3.9). A higher risk of caries was revealed in infants with respiratory syndrome (OR 6.2) or when their mothers had a lower socioeconomic status (OR 6.3). Conclusions: PTI had less healthy teeth than FTI and are at a higher risk for DDE, caries, and gingivitis. The poorer dental health in PTI is associated with a low birth weight, a low socioeconomic status, and mothers' illness during pregnancy.
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Kapitanova, V. K., N. E. Petrova, M. Yu Zhdanova, and L. V. Nevskaya. "Metal Allergy." BIOpreparations. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment 19, no. 2 (June 16, 2019): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.30895/2221-996x-2019-19-2-88-93.
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Allergic reactions associated with sensitisation to metals are a common but underexplored problem. Due to the frequent use of metals and their alloys there has been an increase in the number of registered cases of allergic reactions. Recently there have been cases when allergic reactions were induced by metals that were previously considered absolutely inert and non-allergenic, such as gold, palladium and others. The aim of this work was to summarise scientific data on allergic reactions to metals and their diagnosis in humans. In medicine, alloys of nickel, palladium and gold are used in the manufacture of both surgical instruments and various implants used in orthopedics, endovascular surgery, gynecology and dentistry. Allergic reactions to these metals may lead to failure of artificial joints, thrombosis of endovascular stents, stomatitis, gingivitis, and dermatitis. The most frequent allergic reaction to metals is contact dermatitis which is most frequently caused by nickel. Metal allergies are diagnosed by skin tests. There are no Russian-made diagnostic systems for detecting metal allergies. The diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis is performed with the help of AllerTest test kit («TRUE Test», Denmark). Therefore, elaboration of a domestic diagnostic test for timely detection of allergies to metals is still relevant.
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Lochman, Jan, Martina Zapletalova, Hana Poskerova, Lydie Izakovicova Holla, and Petra Borilova Linhartova. "Rapid Multiplex Real-Time PCR Method for the Detection and Quantification of Selected Cariogenic and Periodontal Bacteria." Diagnostics 10, no. 1 (December 22, 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10010008.
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Dental caries and periodontal diseases are associated with a shift from symbiotic microbiota to dysbiosis. The aim of our study was to develop a rapid, sensitive, and economical method for the identification and quantification of selected cariogenic and periodontal oral bacteria. Original protocols were designed for three real-time multiplex PCR assays to detect and quantify the ratio of 10 bacterial species associated with dental caries (“cariogenic” complex) or periodontal diseases (red complex, orange complex, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans). A total number of 60 samples from 30 children aged 2–6 years with severe early childhood caries and gingivitis were tested. In multiplex assays, the quantification of total bacterial (TB) content for cariogenic bacteria and red complex to eliminate differences in quantities caused by specimen collection was included. The mean counts for the TB load and that of ten evaluated specimens corresponded to previously published results. We found a significant difference between the microbial compositions obtained from the area of control and the affected teeth (p < 0.05). Based on this comprehensive microbiological examination, the risk of dental caries or periodontal inflammation may be determined. The test could also be used as a tool for behavioral intervention and thus prevention of the above-mentioned diseases.
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Kansky, Andrej Aleksander, Vojko Didanovic, Tadej Dovsak, Bozana Loncar Brzak, Ivica Pelivan, and Diana Terlevic. "Epidemiology of oral mucosal lesions in Slovenia." Radiology and Oncology 52, no. 3 (September 11, 2018): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/raon-2018-0031.
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Abstract Background Among the diseases of oral mucosa, malignant tumors are the most dangerous, but not the most common lesions that might appear in the oral cavity. Since most of the studies are focused on the detection of cancer in the oral cavity, we were interested in detecting the frequency of benign changes of the oral mucosa in Slovene population. Oral mucosal lesions are important pointer of oral health and quality of life, especially in elderly. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions, together with information on the risk habits associated with oral health, such as tobacco and alcohol use, can help in planning future oral health studies and screening programs. Patients and methods Survey upon oral mucosal lesions was conducted during the national project for oral cancer screening in spring 2017 in the Slovenia in which more than 50% of dentists participated and 2395 patients (904 men and 1491 women) were included. Results Clinical examination, which was conducted according to the WHO standards revealed that 645 patients (27%) had oral mucosal lesions. The ten most common oral lesions detected were fibroma, gingivitis, Fordyce spots, white coated tongue, cheek biting, linea alba, denture stomatitis, geographic tongue, recurrent aphthous ulcerations and lichen planus. Conclusions Overall, these epidemiological data suggest need for specific health policies for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of oral mucosal lesions.
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Sciuca, Ana Maria, Mihaela Paula Toader, Carmen Gabriela Stelea, George Alexandru Maftei, Oana Elena Ciurcanu, Ovidiu Mihail Stefanescu, Bianca-Andreea Onofrei, and Cristina Popa. "Desquamative Gingivitis in the Context of Autoimmune Bullous Dermatoses and Lichen Planus—Challenges in the Diagnosis and Treatment." Diagnostics 12, no. 7 (July 20, 2022): 1754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12071754.
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Desquamative gingivitis (DG) is a clinical term that describes erythema, desquamation and erosions of the gingiva, of various etiologies. Although the clinical aspect is not specific for a certain disease, an accurate diagnosis of the underlying disorder is necessary because the disease course, prognosis and treatment vary according to the cause. DG may inflict significant oral discomfort, which is why patients typically present to the dentist for a first consultation, rendering it important for these specialists to be informed about this condition. Our paper aims to review the ethiopatogenesis and diagnostic approach of DG, focusing on the most common underlying disorders (autoimmune bullous dermatoses and lichen planus) and on the management of these patients. Potential etiological agents leading to an inflammatory immune response in the oral mucosa and DG appearance include genetic predisposition, metabolic, neuropsychiatric, infectious factors, medication, dental materials, graft-versus-host reaction and autoimmunity. A thorough anamnesis, a careful clinical examination, paraclinical explorations including histopathological exam and direct immunofluorescence are necessary to formulate an appropriate diagnosis. Proper and prompt management of these patients lead to a better prognosis and improved quality of life, and must include management in the dental office with sanitizing the oral cavity, instructing the patient for rigorous oral hygiene, periodic follow-up for bacterial plaque detection and removal, as well as topical and systemic therapy depending on the underlying disorder, based on treatment algorithms. A multidisciplinary approach for the diagnosis and follow-up of DG in the context of pemphigus vulgaris, bullous pemphigoid, cicatricial pemhigoid or lichen planus is necessary, including consultations with dermatologists, oral medicine specialists and dentists.
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Jain, Mayuri N., Girish Suragimath, Siddhartha A. Varma, Sameer Anil Zope, and Ashwini S. R. "A retrospective study to assess and correlate maternal periodontal status with term of pregnancy and weight of newborn." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 10 (September 23, 2017): 4589. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20174447.
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Background: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease affecting the tooth supporting structures; studies have shown that it also affects the systemic health and conditions like pregnancy. With this background the present retrospective study was conducted to assess and correlate periodontal status of pregnant women with their pregnancy outcome.Methods: A total of 150 pregnant women two days postpartum were examined for periodontal status using following parameters: Oral hygiene index- simplified (OHI-S), modified gingival index (MGI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). The level of education, body mass index (BMI), gestational age and weight of the baby were recorded and correlated with the periodontal status.Results: Out of 150 women, 83 (55.3%) women suffered from gingivitis and 67 (44.7%) had periodontitis. The incidence of preterm low birth weight babies was seen in 65 (43.33%) women. Body mass index, education level and periodontal disease were significantly associated with preterm low birth weight infants.Conclusions: A significant association was found between periodontitis and preterm low birth infants. The promotion of early detection and treatment of periodontal diseases in women before and during pregnancy will be beneficial. This will minimize the cost of post natal care and morbidity in the new born.
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Koukos, Georgios, Antonios Konstantinidis, Lazaros Tsalikis, Minas Arsenakis, Theodora Slini, and Dimitra Sakellari. "Prevalence of β-lactam (blaTEM) and Metronidazole (nim) Resistance Genes in the Oral Cavity of Greek Subjects." Open Dentistry Journal 10, no. 1 (March 30, 2016): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601610010089.
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Objectives:The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence ofblaTEMandnimgenes that encode resistance to β-lactams and nitroimidazoles, respectively, in the oral cavity of systemically healthy Greek subjects.Materials and Methodology:After screening 720 potentially eligible subjects, 154 subjects were recruited for the study, including 50 periodontally healthy patients, 52 cases of gingivitis and 52 cases of chronic periodontitis. The clinical parameters were assessed with an automated probe. Various samples were collected from the tongue, first molars and pockets >6mm, and analysed by polymerase chain reaction-amplification of theblaTEMandnimgenes, using primers and conditions previously described in the literature.Results:There was a high rate of detection ofblaTEMin plaque and tongue samples alike in all periodontal conditions (37% of plaque and 60% of tongue samples, and 71% of participants). TheblaTEMgene was detected more frequently in the tongue samples of the periodontally healthy (56%) and chronic periodontitis (62%) groups compared to the plaque samples from the same groups (36% and 29%, respectively; z-test with Bonferroni corrections-tests,P<0.05). Thenimgene was not detected in any of the 343 samples analysed.Conclusion:The oral cavity of Greek subjects often harboursblaTEMbut notnimgenes, and therefore the antimicrobial activity of β-lactams might be compromised.
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MARTY, MATHIEU, MATHIEU LEMAITRE, PHILIPPE KÉMOUN, JEAN-JACQUES MORRIER, and PAUL MONSARRAT. "Trichomonas tenax and periodontal diseases: a concise review." Parasitology 144, no. 11 (June 6, 2017): 1417–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182017000701.
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SUMMARYPeriodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis), result from a disruption of the host–oral microbiome homoeostasis. Whereas the pathological role of some specific bacterial strains during periodontal diseases is well documented, the impact of parasites in periodontium pathophysiology is still under debate. This review aims to collect data about the prevalence and the potential role of Trichomonas tenax during periodontal diseases. Data from 47 studies revealed that T. tenax prevalence in diseased periodontium ranged from 0 to 94·1%. The prevalence of oral protozoan infections was found to be largely greater in patients with periodontal diseases than with healthy periodontium. The parasite detection was mainly performed by direct microscopy. Trichomonas tenax presence was clearly correlated with periodontal disease. The high heterogeneity of its periodontal prevalence may be correlated with the diversity of the population screened (age, sex, systemic diseases), and the methods used for diagnosis. This protozoan seems to have the capacity to be involved in the inflammatory process of gum disease. Animal experimentation, using relevant physiopathological models of periodontitis, needs to be performed to investigate the ability of T. tenax to cause and/or worsen the disease. Further investigations using standardized experimental designs of epidemiologic studies are also needed.
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Ma, Tian, Xinlei Zhou, Jiayi Yang, Boyang Meng, Jiali Qian, Jiehui Zhang, and Gang Ge. "Dental Lesion Segmentation Using an Improved ICNet Network with Attention." Micromachines 13, no. 11 (November 7, 2022): 1920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13111920.
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Precise segmentation of tooth lesions is critical to creation of an intelligent tooth lesion detection system. As a solution to the problem that tooth lesions are similar to normal tooth tissues and difficult to segment, an improved segmentation method of the image cascade network (ICNet) network is proposed to segment various lesion types, such as calculus, gingivitis, and tartar. First, the ICNet network model is used to achieve real-time segmentation of lesions. Second, the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) is integrated into the ICNet network structure, and large-size convolutions in the spatial attention module are replaced with layered dilated convolutions to enhance the relevant features while suppressing useless features and solve the problem of inaccurate lesion segmentations. Finally, part of the convolution in the network model is replaced with an asymmetric convolution to reduce the calculations added by the attention module. Experimental results show that compared with Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN), U-Net, SegNet, and other segmentation algorithms, our method has a significant improvement in the segmentation effect, and the image processing frequency is higher, which satisfies the real-time requirements of tooth lesion segmentation accuracy.
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Yin, Xiao, Clive L. Bunn, and P. Mark Bartold. "Detection of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 2(PAI-2) in gingival crevicular fluid from healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis patients." Journal of Clinical Periodontology 27, no. 3 (March 2000): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027003149.x.
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Pyo, Jeehee, Mina Lee, Minsu Ock, and Jihyun Lee. "Quality of Life and Health in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13 (July 7, 2020): 4895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134895.
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Purpose: Periodontal disease causes tooth loss if not treated early, and advanced periodontitis can cause a decline in various oral functions. These results diminish the health-related quality of life (QOL) for various populations. Thus, early detection and management of the disease, as well as a systematic strategy for the prevention of periodontal disease, are necessary. Methods: Adults, 19 years of age or older and diagnosed with chronic gingivitis or chronic periodontitis under the ICD-10 codes, were selected to participate in the study. A total of 20 participants were informed of the purpose of the study and gave consent to participate in in-depth interviews. Results: The treatment of periodontal disease improved health-related QOL and enabled the participants to have positive dental care health behaviors. Furthermore, the participants recognized the severity of periodontal disease and the importance of dental examinations. It enabled them to be aware of the societal need for dental care awareness. Conclusions: This study was an in-depth examination of the health-related QOL of periodontal patients through a qualitative research methodology. We expect that this study will expand research on health-related QOL due to periodontal disease and revitalize the dental health system and practices.
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Imran, Nada K., Basima Gh Ali, and Duraid Q. Jassim. "Quantitative Detection and Correlation of Epstein - Barr Virus in Plasma with Gingivitis and Severity of Chronic Periodontitis by Using Real - Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique." Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry 26, no. 4 (December 2014): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0015153.
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Lin, Wei-Cheng. "MEMSbased Double-Stacked Tower Biosensor Array with Integrated Readout Circuitry for Detection of Salivary pH as a Diagnostic Biomarker Applied for Chronic Periodontal Disease." Sensors 22, no. 22 (November 9, 2022): 8652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22228652.
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MEMS based 3D double stacked tower pixel biosensor 10 × 10 array with integration of readout circuit for detection of saliva pH ion is demonstrated. The pixel biosensor comprised a driving electrode, sensing electrode and double stack tower pixel structure. The sensitivity of double stacked tower biosensor can be auxiliary enhanced by proposed lower-jitter low dropout regulator circuit and dual offset cancellation comparator. The double stacked tower sensor is fabricated by MEMS backend-of-line CMOS process, it is compatible with CMOS frontend readout circuits and integrated as a system-on-chip (SoC). The double stacked tower pixel by MEMS process is to obtain a larger volume ratio of charge groups in a pixel of biosensor to enhance the sensitivity and linearity for ion detection. With the double stacked tower structure in biosensor, the sensitivity is improved by 31% than that of single tower structure proved by simulation. A wide-range linearity from pH 2.0 to pH 8.3, high sensitivity of −21 ADC counts/pH (or 212 mV/pH), response time of 5 s, repetition of 98.9%, and drift over time of 0.5 mV are achieved. Furthermore, the proposed biosensor was performed to confirm the artificial saliva from healthy gingiva, chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis, the measured ADC counts from proposed biosensor SoC was in consistent of that measured cyclic voltametric (CV) method very well. The proposed 3D double stack tower biosensor and readout circuit can be further integrated with internet-of-thing (IoT) device and NFC for data transmission for continuous pH sensing to facilitate the chronic gingiva disease health care at home.
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Krutikova, A. D. "PECULIARITIES OF DENTAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS AND THEIR SEX PARTNERS." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 4 (December 23, 2020): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.4.2020.04.
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Patients with bacterial vaginosis are diagnosed with chronic generalized inflammatory and inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal diseases, such as chronic catarrhal gingivitis, periodontitis of initial and first severity.
The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of the treatment of inflammatory and inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal diseases in women with bacterial vaginosis and their sexual partners.
Materials and methods. 28 heterosexual couples aged 18-45 years took part in the survey. Clinical dental examination was performed at the time of treatment and 3 months after completion of treatment. Green-Vermilion indices, RMA (in Parma modification), complex periodontal index according to Leus (KPI), Svrakov's number were determined. Both groups of patients were examined for the presence of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae in the oral cavity by PCR testing. The therapeutic course was the same for all groups of patients. General therapy included: "Fluconazole" 50 mg 1 time per day (7 days), "Clindamycin" 150 mg every 6 hours (5 days), starting from the 3rd day of antibiotics - probiotic "Symbiter acidophilus concentrated "(21 days), Calcium-D3-Nycomed 1 tab. during dinner 30 days. Local treatment included: oral baths of the drug "Stomatophyte" after morning and evening hygienic procedures (7 days), application of "Metrogil-dent" on the gums (7 days), the drug "Lizak" 1 tab. keep in the mouth until complete dissolution every 6 hours (5 days), after the use of "Stomatophyte" and "Metrogil - dent" - application of "Symbiter omega" on the gums in silicone caps at night (21 days).
Results. In women, chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis was detected in 10.71%, chronic generalized periodontitis of the initial degree in 64.29% and chronic generalized periodontitis of the I degree in 25%. In men who are carriers of pathogens of BV, chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis was found in 7.14%, chronic generalized periodontitis of the initial degree in 60.71% and chronic generalized periodontitis in grade 32.1. General and local dental treatment of women with bacterial vaginosis and their sexual partners showed a positive objective dynamics of dental status. Thus, after 3 months of clinical and laboratory observations, there were no complaints, the state of oral hygiene improved significantly. If before the treatment the Green-Vermilion index in general in women with BV was 1.323 ± 0.035 points, then after 3 months it was equal to 1.032 ± 0.021. A similar dynamics was determined in men: from the starting index of 1.336 ± 0.041, the Green-Vermilion index decreased to 1.048 ± 0.036. 3 months after treatment, the PMA of patients decreased by 49.03%, in men - by 51.95%, no significant difference between the indicators of groups I and II was registered, while the difference between the results in the middle of groups I and II is significant . According to the KPI index, women had a significant difference between baseline and post-treatment outcomes of 1.98 points, while men had a score of 2.01 points. No significant difference was found between the results of groups I and II both before and after treatment. A similar positive dynamics characterizes the indicator - Srakov's number, according to this indicator before treatment and after differences between groups was not detected. The significant difference between the indicators in the group of women and men was 2,789 and 2,831, respectively. Before treatment and after the detection rate in the oral cavity, Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae did not have a significant difference between the group of men and women, but there was a clear difference between the parameters obtained at the initial examination and 3 months after treatment in the middle and second groups. Thus, Gardnerella vaginalis was detected less by 67.87% and 61.59%, Atopobium vaginae - by 65.79% and 58.65% in women and men, respectively.
Conclusions. The developed and patented treatment regimen for patients with bacterial vaginosis contributes to the regression of inflammatory phenomena, improves oral hygiene, and is suitable for the treatment of women with this comorbidity and for the treatment of their sexual partners. The dynamics of reducing the percentage of detection of bacterial vaginosis pathogens corresponded to the dynamics of the clinical picture of periodontal disease in both women with bacterial vaginosis and men who were their sexual partners, which once again confirms the equal effectiveness of treatment for both gender groups.
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Krutikova, A. D. "LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF DENTAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS AND THEIR SEXUAL PARTNERS." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 21, no. 2 (June 17, 2021): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.21.2.112.
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Patients with bacterial vaginosis are often diagnosed as having chronic generalized inflammatory and inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal diseases including chronic catarrhal gingivitis, mild and moderate periodontitis. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the treatment of inflammatory and inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal diseases in women with bacterial vaginosis and their sexual partners. The study included 28 heterosexual couples aged 18-45. Clinical dental check-up was performed during the treatment and in 3 months after the treatment completion. Green-Vermilion indices, РMA (in Parma modification), complex periodontal index (CPI) according to Leus, Svrakov's iodine number were determined. Both groups of patients were examined for the presence of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae in the oral cavity by PCR testing. The therapeutic course was the same for all groups of patients. General therapy included "Fluconazole" in a dose of 50 mg once a day for 7 days, "Clindamycin" in a dose of 150 mg every 6 hours for 5 days, probiotic "Symbiter acidophilus concentrated" was prescribed to be taken starting from the 3rd day of antibiotic therapy for 21 days, and Calcium-D3-Nycomed (1 tab. during dinner for 30 days). Local treatment included oral baths of the drug "Stomatophyte" after morning and evening hygienic procedures for 7 days, "Metrogil-dent" ointment for gum application for 7 days, the chewing drug "Lizak" (1 tab. every 6 hours for 5 days), "Symbiter omega" in silicone caps for gum application overnight following the for 21 days.
Chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis was detected in 10.71% of women, mild chronic generalized periodontitis – in 64.29% and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis – in 25% of the women. In men who were carriers of pathogens of bacterial vaginosis, chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis was found in 7.14% of individuals, mild chronic generalized periodontitis – in 60.71% and moderate chronic generalized periodontitis – in 32 male subjects. General and local dental treatment of women with bacterial vaginosis and their sexual partners showed a positive evidence-based dynamics of dental status. 3 months after clinical and laboratory observations, no complaints were presented and the oral hygiene status improved significantly. Before the treatment, the Green-Vermilion index mean values in women with bacterial vaginosis were 1.323 ± 0.035; by the end of 3 month therapy they equalled to 1.032 ± 0.021. A similar dynamics was seen in the men: from the initial index values of 1.336 ± 0.041, the Green-Vermilion index lowered to 1.048 ± 0.036. By the end of 3 month therapy, the PMA decreased by 49.03% in women and by 51.95% in men; no significant difference between the indicators of groups I and II was registered, while the difference between the results in the middle of groups I and II is significant.
The analysis of the СPI index values demonstrated the women had a significant difference between baseline and post-treatment outcomes of 1.98 scores, while the men had 2.01 scores. No significant difference was found between the findings of groups I and II both before and after the therapy. A similar positive dynamics was confirmed by the Svrakov's iodine number indicator and according to this indicator obtained before and after the therapy, difference between groups was not detected. The significant difference between the indicators in the group of women and men was 2,789 and 2,831, respectively. The detection Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae in the oral cavity before and after the therapy did not demonstrate a significant difference between the group of men and women, but there was a clear difference between the parameters obtained at the initial examination and 3 months after the therapy. Gardnerella vaginalis was detected by 67.87% and 61.59% less, Atopobium vaginae – by 65.79% and 58.65% less in the women and men, respectively. This patented treatment regimen for patients with bacterial vaginosis contributes to the regression of inflammatory manifestations, improves oral hygiene, and is effective for the treatment of women with this comorbidity and for the therapy of their sexual partners. The dynamics of reducing the percentage of detection of bacterial vaginosis pathogens reflects the dynamics of the clinical picture of periodontal disease in both women with bacterial vaginosis and men who are their sexual partners that confirms the effectiveness of the therapy for both gender groups.