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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ginger'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Tavares, Daniel José Pinho. "Extraction of 6-gingerol from ginger using deep-eutectic solvents." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21224.

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Mestrado em Biotecnologia Industrial e Ambiental
O gengibre é uma planta que tem atraído um interesse crescente tanto no sector alimentar como farmacêutico devido às suas propriedades medicinais. Como planta medicinal, é uma das mais antigas e populares do mundo. As suas propriedades terapêuticas advêm dos compostos bioativos presentes na sua composição, entre os mais importantes destacam-se os compostos fenólicos, nomeadamente o 6-shogaol e o 6-gingerol. Estes compostos despertam um grande interesse na comunidade científica devido ao seu poder antioxidante e anti-tumoral. Os processos convencionais de extração destes compostos requerem o uso de solventes orgânicos, no entanto, nos últimos anos tem-se intensificado a procura por solventes alternativos com maior capacidade de solvatação, eficientes e economicamente viáveis. Os solventes eutécticos profundos (DES) são uma classe de solventes novos, de baixo custo e de origem natural, baseados em percursores renováveis que apresentam baixa toxicidade, podendo ser catalogados como solventes amigos do ambiente. Neste contexto, o objetivo principal deste trabalho foca-se na obtenção de um extrato rico em compostos bioativos (nomeadamente 6-gingerol) a partir do gengibre utilizando DES como solventes de extração com possibilidade de recuperação do extrato e reciclagem dos DES, criando assim um processo sustentável. Para atingir este objetivo, foram estudadas as solubilidades de dois compostos fenólicos modelo, nomeadamente os ácidos siríngico e ferúlico em DES (puros e em solução aquosa), por forma a avaliar os DES mais promissores na solubilização dos compostos bioativos, assim como, as condições de extração. Entre as várias combinações entre doadores (ácidos orgânicos, polióis, açúcares e ureia) e aceitadores (ureia, cloreto de colina, betaína e prolina) de pontes de hidrogénio, o DES ácido propiónico:ureia foi o que apresentou melhores resultados. Com base nestes resultados e recorrendo a metodologias de superfície de resposta, foram avaliados e otimizados diversos parâmetros de extração do 6-gingerol usando soluções aquosas de DES. Simultaneamente, efetuaram-se extrações convencionais como controlo, seguido da identificação e quantificação do 6-gingerol presente nos extratos usando a cromatografia líquida de alta resolução (HPLC). A metodologia de extração do 6-gingerol a partir do gengibre usando os DES como solventes alternativos demonstrou ser mais seletiva, capaz de extrair mais 60 % de 6-gingerol quando comparado com os métodos de extração convencionais. Além disso, foi possível recuperar um extrato sólido rico a partir da solução de DES utilizando uma extração em fase sólida (SPE). Por fim, a caracterização dos extratos foi complementada com a análise da atividade antioxidante, usando o radical 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazilo (DPPH). Os resultados indicam que os extratos obtidos a partir da metodologia proposta neste trabalho apresenta maior atividade antioxidante que os extratos obtidos com métodos de extração convencionais.
Ginger is a plant that has attracted the attention from both the food and pharmaceutical sectors due to its medicinal properties. As a medicinal plant, it is one of the oldest and most popular in the world. Its therapeutic properties arise from the bioactive compounds it contains, among which stand the phenolic compounds, and in particular 6-shogaol and 6- gingerol. These compounds aroused great interest in the scientific community due to its antioxidant and antitumoral properties. The conventional extraction methods of these compounds require the use of organic solvents, however, in recent years, there has been an intensified search for alternative solvents with higher solvation capacity, efficient and cheap. Deep-eutectic solvents (DES) are a new class of solvents, of low cost and natural origin, based on renewable precursors that have a low toxicity and can be categorized as environmentally friendly solvents. The goal of this work focuses on obtaining an extract rich in bioactive compounds (namely 6-gingerol) from ginger using DES as extraction solvents, and to evaluate the possibility of recycling of DES, thus creating a sustainable process. For that purpose the solubility of two phenolic model compounds, namely syringic and ferulic acids, were studied in DES (neat and in aqueous solution) in order to identify the most promising DES for the bioactive compound solubilisation, as well as the best extraction conditions. Between the several combinations amongst hydrogen bond donors (organic acids, polyols, sugars and urea) and hydrogen bond acceptors (urea, choline chloride, betaine and proline), propionic acid:urea revealed to have the best results. Based on these results and using the surface response methodology, several extraction parameters of ginger extraction using aqueous solutions of DES were optimized. Simultaneously, conventional extraction assays were carried for comparison, followed by the identification and quantification of 6- gingerol present in extracts by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Once optimized the different parameters of extraction it was possible to achieve an efficient methodology capable to enhance the 6- gingerol extraction in 60% when compared with the conventional extraction methodology. Besides, an extract was successfully recovered from the DES extract solution using solid-phase extraction (SPE). The extract characterization was complemented with the analysis of the antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH). Results show that the extracts obtained with the methodology proposed in this work present a higher antioxidant activity than those obtained with conventional extraction techniques.
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2

Sanewski, G. M. "Rhizome and fibre development in early harvest ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc) /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16286.pdf.

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3

Saunders, Thomas Lopes. "Ginger: um relato sobre existÃncia performÃtica." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2017. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=20050.

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nÃo hÃ
A relaÃÃo entre o privado e o pÃblico, potencialmente acontece nos processos comunicacionais (FLUSSER; 2007) da pÃs-modernidade (KELLNER; 2001) e contemporaneidade (AGAMBEM; 2009). Os sujeitos sociais, nestes processos, estÃo inseridos em discursos (FOUCAULT; 1970) institucionalizantes e codificantes (BOURDIEU; 1990). A fim de deliberar questÃes Ãntimas como forma de posicionamento, o sujeito relata a si (BUTLER; 2015) tentando compreender o universo moral que orbita. O Corpo (PIRES; 2005) aqui à trabalhado como fluxo dialÃgico (FLUSSER; 2014) entre teoria acadÃmica, vida e performance (GLUSBERG; 2013). A performance à o campo de conhecimento amplo de experiÃncias entre vida e arte (COHEN; 2011). A imersÃo do pesquisador como performer, aconteceu a partir de pesquisa artÃstica em autoperformance (VIEIRA; 2006), body art e performance art (COHEN; 2011). Desencadeando processos autobiogrÃficos, midiÃticos (KELLNER; 2001) e corporificantes. A premissa inicial do trabalho à compreender as relaÃÃes entre sexo/gÃnero/sexualidade e seus discursos codificantes/contextuais (LAQUEUR; 2001) no universo LGBTQI+, sua midiatizaÃÃo institucional e virtual livre na Internet (CASTELLS; 2001). Ginger atravÃs de experiÃncias com corpos drag (COELHO;2012) investiu pesquisa acadÃmica e performÃtica em gÃnero queer (SALIH; 2002). Ginger, entre performatividades (BUTLER; 1990), performances artÃsticas e imagens performativas (SANTOS; 2011), existiu esteticamente (FOUCAULT; 1984) como imagem poÃtica de si mesma. Este trabalho tem proposta ensaÃstica (FLUSSER; 2007) como metodologia de anÃlise.
A relaÃÃo entre o privado e o pÃblico, potencialmente acontece nos processos comunicacionais (FLUSSER; 2007) da pÃs-modernidade (KELLNER; 2001) e contemporaneidade (AGAMBEM; 2009). Os sujeitos sociais, nestes processos, estÃo inseridos em discursos (FOUCAULT; 1970) institucionalizantes e codificantes (BOURDIEU; 1990). A fim de deliberar questÃes Ãntimas como forma de posicionamento, o sujeito relata a si (BUTLER; 2015) tentando compreender o universo moral que orbita. O Corpo (PIRES; 2005) aqui à trabalhado como fluxo dialÃgico (FLUSSER; 2014) entre teoria acadÃmica, vida e performance (GLUSBERG; 2013). A performance à o campo de conhecimento amplo de experiÃncias entre vida e arte (COHEN; 2011). A imersÃo do pesquisador como performer, aconteceu a partir de pesquisa artÃstica em autoperformance (VIEIRA; 2006), body art e performance art (COHEN; 2011). Desencadeando processos autobiogrÃficos, midiÃticos (KELLNER; 2001) e corporificantes. A premissa inicial do trabalho à compreender as relaÃÃes entre sexo/gÃnero/sexualidade e seus discursos codificantes/contextuais (LAQUEUR; 2001) no universo LGBTQI+, sua midiatizaÃÃo institucional e virtual livre na Internet (CASTELLS; 2001). Ginger atravÃs de experiÃncias com corpos drag (COELHO;2012) investiu pesquisa acadÃmica e performÃtica em gÃnero queer (SALIH; 2002). Ginger, entre performatividades (BUTLER; 1990), performances artÃsticas e imagens performativas (SANTOS; 2011), existiu esteticamente (FOUCAULT; 1984) como imagem poÃtica de si mesma. Este trabalho tem proposta ensaÃstica (FLUSSER; 2007) como metodologia de anÃlise.
The relationship between the private and the public, potentially happens in the communicational processes (FLUSSER; 2007) of post-modernity (KELLNER; 2001) and contemporany (AGAMBEM; 2009). The social subjects, in these processes, are inserted in speeches (FOUCAULT; 1970) institutional and encoding (BOURDIEU; 1990). In order to decide issues as intimate form of positioning, the subject says to himself (BUTLER; 2015) Trying to understand the moral universe that orbits. The Body (PIRES, 2005) here is worked as a dialogical flow (FLUSSER; 2014) between academic theory, life and performance (GLUSBERG; 2013). The performance isthe field of broad knowledge of experience between life and art (COHEN; 2011). The immersion of the researcher as a performer, happened from artistic research in autoperformance (VIEIRA; 2006) body art and performance art (COHEN; 2011). Unleashing autobiographical processes, media (KELLNER; 2001) and corporificantes. The initial premise of the work is to understand the relationship between sex/gender/sexuality and his speeches encoding/context (LAQUEUR, 2001) in the universe LGBTIQ+, its institutional mediatization and free virtual on the Internet (CASTELLS, 2001). Ginger through experiences with drag body (COELHO; 2012) invested academic research and performer in gender queer (SALIH; 2002). Ginger between performatividades (BUTLER, 1990), artistic performances and images arts (SANTOS 2011) there has been aesthetically (FOUCAULT, 1984) as a poetic image of herself. This work has proposed test text (FLUSSER, 2007) as a method of analysis.
The relationship between the private and the public, potentially happens in the communicational processes (FLUSSER; 2007) of post-modernity (KELLNER; 2001) and contemporany (AGAMBEM; 2009). The social subjects, in these processes, are inserted in speeches (FOUCAULT; 1970) institutional and encoding (BOURDIEU; 1990). In order to decide issues as intimate form of positioning, the subject says to himself (BUTLER; 2015) Trying to understand the moral universe that orbits. The Body (PIRES, 2005) here is worked as a dialogical flow (FLUSSER; 2014) between academic theory, life and performance (GLUSBERG; 2013). The performance isthe field of broad knowledge of experience between life and art (COHEN; 2011). The immersion of the researcher as a performer, happened from artistic research in autoperformance (VIEIRA; 2006) body art and performance art (COHEN; 2011). Unleashing autobiographical processes, media (KELLNER; 2001) and corporificantes. The initial premise of the work is to understand the relationship between sex/gender/sexuality and his speeches encoding/context (LAQUEUR, 2001) in the universe LGBTIQ+, its institutional mediatization and free virtual on the Internet (CASTELLS, 2001). Ginger through experiences with drag body (COELHO; 2012) invested academic research and performer in gender queer (SALIH; 2002). Ginger between performatividades (BUTLER, 1990), artistic performances and images arts (SANTOS 2011) there has been aesthetically (FOUCAULT, 1984) as a poetic image of herself. This work has proposed test text (FLUSSER, 2007) as a method of analysis.
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4

KOO, HYUN JO. "Terpene Synthases in Ginger and Turmeric." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193714.

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Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) and turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) produce important pharmacologically active metabolites at high levels, which include terpenoids and polyketides such as curcumin and gingerols. This dissertation describes the terpenoids produced by ginger and turmeric, candidate ESTs for terpene synthases, and the cloning and expression of several terpene synthases. A comparison of metabolite profiles, microarray results and EST data enable us to predict which terpene synthases are related with the production of specific terpenoids. Analysis of EST data further suggests several genes important for the growth and development of rhizomes. Ginger and turmeric accumulate important pharmacologically active metabolites at high levels in their rhizomes. Comparisons of ginger and turmeric EST data to publicly available sorghum rhizome ESTs revealed a total of 777 contigs common to ginger, turmeric and sorghum rhizomes but absent from other tissues. The list of rhizome-specific contigs was enriched for genes associated with regulation of tissue growth, development, and regulation of transcription. The analysis suggests ethylene response factors, AUX/IAA proteins, and rhizome-enriched MADS box transcription factors may play important roles in defining rhizome growth and development. From ginger and turmeric, 25 mono- and 16 sesquiterpene synthase sequences were cloned and the function of 13 mono- and 11 sesquiterpene synthases were revealed. There are many paralogs in the ginger and turmeric terpene synthase family, some of which have the same or similar function. However some paralogs have diverse functions and this suggests the evolution of terpene synthases in ginger and turmeric. Importantly, α-zingiberene/β-sesquiphellandrene synthase was identified, which makes the substrates for α-turmerone and β-turmerone production in turmeric. Also P450 candidates for α- zingiberene/β-sesquiphellandrene oxidase are proposed. Research involving analysis of metabolite profiles requires the manipulation of a large datasets, such as those produced by GC/MS. We developed an approach to identify compounds that involves deconvolution of peaks obtained using SICs as well as common peak selections between samples even though the peaks may be very small and represent unknown compounds. The limitation of this approach occurs when there are huge peaks in the samples, which distort the SIC of small embedded peaks and sometimes their own SICs.
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5

Saunders, Thomas Lopes. "Ginger: um relato sobre existência performática." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2017. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/26837.

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SAUNDERS, Thomas Lopes. Ginger: um relato sobre existência performática. 2017. 104f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Instituto de Cultura e Arte, Programa de Pós-graduação em Comunicação Social, Fortaleza (CE), 2017.
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The relationship between the private and the public, potentially happens in the communicational processes (FLUSSER; 2007) of post-modernity (KELLNER; 2001) and contemporany (AGAMBEM; 2009). The social subjects, in these processes, are inserted in speeches (FOUCAULT; 1970) institutional and encoding (BOURDIEU; 1990). In order to decide issues as intimate form of positioning, the subject says to himself (BUTLER; 2015) Trying to understand the moral universe that orbits. The Body (PIRES, 2005) here is worked as a dialogical flow (FLUSSER; 2014) between academic theory, life and performance (GLUSBERG; 2013). The performance is the field of broad knowledge of experience between life and art (COHEN; 2011). The immersion of the researcher as a performer, happened from artistic research in autoperformance (VIEIRA; 2006) body art and performance art (COHEN; 2011). Unleashing autobiographical processes, media (KELLNER; 2001) and corporificantes. The initial premise of the work is to understand the relationship between sex/gender/sexuality and his speeches encoding/context (LAQUEUR, 2001) in the universe LGBTIQ+, its institutional mediatization and free virtual on the Internet (CASTELLS, 2001). Ginger through experiences with drag body (COELHO; 2012) invested academic research and performer in gender queer (SALIH; 2002). Ginger between performatividades (BUTLER, 1990), artistic performances and images arts (SANTOS 2011) there has been aesthetically (FOUCAULT, 1984) as a poetic image of herself. This work has proposed test text (FLUSSER, 2007) as a method of analysis.
A relação entre o privado e o público, potencialmente acontece nos processos comunicacionais (FLUSSER; 2007) da pós-modernidade (KELLNER; 2001) e contemporaneidade (AGAMBEM; 2009). Os sujeitos sociais, nestes processos, estão inseridos em discursos (FOUCAULT; 1970) institucionalizantes e codificantes (BOURDIEU; 1990). A fim de deliberar questões íntimas como forma de posicionamento, o sujeito relata a si (BUTLER; 2015) tentando compreender o universo moral que orbita. O Corpo (PIRES; 2005) aqui é trabalhado como fluxo dialógico (FLUSSER; 2014) entre teoria acadêmica, vida e performance (GLUSBERG; 2013). A performance é o campo de conhecimento amplo de experiências entre vida e arte (COHEN; 2011). A imersão do pesquisador como performer, aconteceu a partir de pesquisa artística em autoperformance (VIEIRA; 2006), body art e performance art (COHEN; 2011). Desencadeando processos autobiográficos, midiáticos (KELLNER; 2001) e corporificantes. A premissa inicial do trabalho é compreender as relações entre sexo/gênero/sexualidade e seus discursos codificantes/contextuais (LAQUEUR; 2001) no universo LGBTQI+, sua midiatização institucional e virtual livre na Internet (CASTELLS; 2001). Ginger através de experiências com corpos drag (COELHO; 2012) investiu pesquisa acadêmica e performática em gênero queer (SALIH; 2002). Ginger, entre performatividades (BUTLER; 1990), performances artísticas e imagens performativas (SANTOS; 2011), existiu esteticamente (FOUCAULT; 1984) como imagem poética de si mesma. Este trabalho tem proposta ensaística (FLUSSER; 2007) como metodologia de análise.
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6

Baloyi, Tlangelani Cedric. "Growth, anatomy, quality and yield of wild ginger (Siphonochilus aethiopicus) in response to nitrogen nutrition, fertigation frequency and growing medium." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29498.

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7

Latif, Sjafrul. "In vitro culture of ginger and macadamia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000.

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8

Semwal, RB, S. Combrick, M. Viljoen, and DK Semwal. "Gingerols and shogaols: Important nutraceutical principles from ginger." Elsevier, 2015. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001701.

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Gingerols are the major pungent compounds present in the rhizomes of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and are renowned for their contribution to human health and nutrition. Medicinal properties of ginger, including the alleviation of nausea, arthritis and pain, have been associated with the gingerols. Gingerol analogues are thermally labile and easily undergo dehydration reactions to form the corresponding shogaols, which impart the characteristic pungent taste to dried ginger. Both gingerols and shogaols exhibit a host of biological activities, ranging from anticancer, anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic to various central nervous system activities. Shogaols are important biomarkers used for the quality control of many ginger-containing products, due to their diverse biological activities. In this review, a large body of available knowledge on the biosynthesis, chemical synthesis and pharmacological activities, as well as on the structure–activity relationships of various gingerols and shogaols, have been collated, coherently summarised and discussed. The manuscript highlights convincing evidence indicating that these phenolic compounds could serve as important lead molecules for the development of therapeutic agents to treat various life-threatening human diseases, particularly cancer. Inclusion of ginger or ginger extracts in nutraceutical formulations could provide valuable protection against diabetes, cardiac and hepatic disorders.
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9

Radtke, Kai Sven, and Gerd Tetzlaff. "Untersuchung des Orkans Ginger mit dem Lokal Modell." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-217019.

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Mit dem mesoskaligen nichthydrostatischen Modell "Lokal Modell" (LM) des Deutschen Wetterdienstes (DWD) werden die Vorgänge in einer Orkanzyklone simuliert. Als Beispiel wird das Tiefdruckgebiet Ginger aus dem Jahr 2000 dargestellt. Die meteorologischen Antriebsdaten wurden durch das globale Modell des DWD erzeugt. Die Auswirkungen von Veränderungen verschiedener Bedingungen auf die Entwicklung der Zyklone, und vor allem auf das Windfeld, sollen untersucht werden. Dazu werden die Antriebsdaten künstlich verändert. Im Beispiel wird der horizontale Temperaturgradient geändert, und die Folge auf Druckverteilung und Windgeschwindigkeit betrachtet. Da das LM nur einen Ausschnitt aus der Atmosphäre simuliert, kommt es durch die Eingriffe in die Antriebsdaten zu Problemen am Rand. Ein Verfahren wird getestet, um diese zu vermeiden
The development of a cyclone is simulated with the nonhydrostatic limited area model "Lokal Modell" (LM) of the German Weather Service (DWD). The cyclone Ginger which occurred in 2000 serves as an example. The forcing data were generated by the global model of the DWD. The effects of various conditions were considered contributing to the evolution of Ginger and mainly to its velocity field. For this purpose, the forcing data were artificially varied. As an example the horizontal temperature gradient was changed. The effects on the pressure field and its corresponding velocity field are discussed. As the LM simulates only a limited area, the lateral bounds become problematic because of the manipulated forcing data. A procedure is tested, in order to prevent this problems
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10

Radtke, Kai Sven, and Gerd Tetzlaff. "Untersuchung des Orkans Ginger mit dem Lokal Modell." Universität Leipzig, 2002. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15220.

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Mit dem mesoskaligen nichthydrostatischen Modell 'Lokal Modell' (LM) des Deutschen Wetterdienstes (DWD) werden die Vorgänge in einer Orkanzyklone simuliert. Als Beispiel wird das Tiefdruckgebiet Ginger aus dem Jahr 2000 dargestellt. Die meteorologischen Antriebsdaten wurden durch das globale Modell des DWD erzeugt. Die Auswirkungen von Veränderungen verschiedener Bedingungen auf die Entwicklung der Zyklone, und vor allem auf das Windfeld, sollen untersucht werden. Dazu werden die Antriebsdaten künstlich verändert. Im Beispiel wird der horizontale Temperaturgradient geändert, und die Folge auf Druckverteilung und Windgeschwindigkeit betrachtet. Da das LM nur einen Ausschnitt aus der Atmosphäre simuliert, kommt es durch die Eingriffe in die Antriebsdaten zu Problemen am Rand. Ein Verfahren wird getestet, um diese zu vermeiden.
The development of a cyclone is simulated with the nonhydrostatic limited area model 'Lokal Modell' (LM) of the German Weather Service (DWD). The cyclone Ginger which occurred in 2000 serves as an example. The forcing data were generated by the global model of the DWD. The effects of various conditions were considered contributing to the evolution of Ginger and mainly to its velocity field. For this purpose, the forcing data were artificially varied. As an example the horizontal temperature gradient was changed. The effects on the pressure field and its corresponding velocity field are discussed. As the LM simulates only a limited area, the lateral bounds become problematic because of the manipulated forcing data. A procedure is tested, in order to prevent this problems.
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11

Tolley, Rebecca. "Review of Art of George Rodrigue, by Ginger Danto." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5722.

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12

Neto, Antonio Gomes da Silva. "Estudo dos efeitos vasculares e renais causados pelo 6-gingerol isolado do gengibre." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11522.

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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico
O gengibre possui em sua composiÃÃo inÃmeras substÃncias volÃteis e nÃo volÃteis. Dentre as substÃncias nÃo-volÃteis destacam-se, principalmente, os gingerols, sendo o 6-gingerol o composto mais abundante e o responsÃvel pela grande maioria das atividades farmacolÃgicas descritas, como a anti-hipertensiva. Neste trabalho, foram investigados os efeitos renais, vasculares e em cultura de cÃlulas tubulares renais do tipo MDCK (Madin-Darby Canine Kidney) causados pelo 6-gingerol. Foram utilizados ratos Wistar machos pesando entre 250 e 300g, cujos rins foram isolados e perfundidos com SoluÃÃo de Krebs-Hanseleit contendo 6%p/v de albumina bovina previamente dialisada. Foram investigados os efeitos do 6-gingerol (3 μM, 10 μM, 30 μM; n=6) sobre a PressÃo de PerfusÃo (PP), ResistÃncia Vascular Renal (RVR), Fluxo UrinÃrio (FU), Ritmo de FiltraÃÃo Glomerular (RFG), Percentual de Transporte Tubular de SÃdio (%TNa+), de PotÃssio (%TK+) e de Cloreto (%TCl-). O 6-gingerol foi adicionado apÃs 30 minutos de controle interno. As cÃlulas MDCK foram cultivadas em meio de cultura RPMI 1640 suplementado com 10% v/v de Soro Bovino Fetal e entÃo avaliadas na presenÃa do composto em diversas concentraÃÃes em dois perÃodos de incubaÃÃo, 6 (seis) e 24 (vinte e quatro) horas. ApÃs esses perÃodos, foram realizados ensaios de viabilidade celular. Foi avaliada a resposta do 6-gingerol em diversas concentraÃÃes na pressÃo arterial mÃdia de ratos wistar normotensos anestesiados. Os resultados encontrados na pressÃo arterial dos animais foi uma queda acentuada de maneira dose-dependente na pressÃo arterial destes animais. Em relaÃÃo à perfusÃo renal, o 6-gingerol mostrou-se um potente diurÃtico e com baixÃssimos danos renais tanto nos dados encontrados no perfil histolÃgico, como nos experimentos de avaliaÃÃo de viabilidade celular em cÃlulas MDCK o que està em consonÃncia com o conhecimento da medicina tradicional. Os resultados encontrados nÃo foram totalmente abolidos pelo inibidor especÃfico do receptor TRPV1 utilizado no estudo, demonstrando que o 6-gingerol possui outras vias renais a serem exploradas em estudos posteriores.
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13

Lence, Nicole Louise. "IMPACT OF GINGER-RELATED COMPOUNDS, ZINGERONE AND CURCUMIN, ON PPARγ ACTIVATION, LIPID ACCUMULATION, AND CELL VIABILITY IN 3T3-L1 FIBROBLASTS." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1227.

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The prevalence over overweight and obesity has risen dramatically during the past few decades corresponding with a clustering of metabolic pathologies including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, endometrial, breast, and colon cancers. Obesity is not only implicated as one of the primary causes of these degenerative diseases but also represents a major component of the metabolic syndrome. In obesity, the primary defect leading to these metabolic pathologies appears to be an impairment of adipogenesis resulting in adipocyte hypertrophy and dysfunction. Current pharmacological therapies prescribed for T2DM, such as thiazolidinones (TZDs), improve insulin sensitivity through regulation of adipogenesis. However, utilization of these drugs is often associated with several side effects, including weight gain, liver disease, and bone loss. Thus, there is an important need to identify alternative therapies that can modify these adipogenic regulators without adverse complications. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), a member of the Zingiberaceae family, has a long history of use in traditional medicine and as been used for a wide array of ailments such as arthritis, diabetes, nausea, and stroke. Several studies have demonstrated anti-emetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties of ginger. When used at high concentrations (μM), two phytochemcials derived from ginger root curcumin and zingerone, have been shown to promote weight loss and modify adipogenic signaling. However, due to the low bioavailability of curcumin the physiological relevance of these findings remains to be determined. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which curcumin and zingerone modify adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts. To determine the effects of the bioactive components in varying concentrations, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were exposed to either 100pM, 100nM, or 100μM of curcumin or zingerone and tested for cell viability, lipid accumulation, and PPARγ activation. The results of this study suggest that high concentrations of curcumin (100 μM) may be toxic to 3T3-L1 fibroblasts in vitro and significantly inhibit both cell viability and lipid accumulation. The resultant low PPARγ activity may be attributable to cell necrosis rather than dose-dependent inhibition, suggesting need for further research into extreme curcumin supplementation. While results for zingerone did not differ significantly from vehicle, the results of this study provide evidence that further research is needed to ascertain to what extent curcumin and zingerone dose-dependently modify PPARγ and TCF/LEF in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts using lower physiologically relevant doses.
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14

Hague, Theresa A. "The chemical analysis and biological effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale)." Thesis, Kingston University, 2009. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20402/.

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Introduction. Giner, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, is used to treat digestive disordrs in particular to alleviate symptoms of nausea and/or vomiting. Aims. Major aims were to measure the concentration of [6]-gingerol (6G), and elements in fresh ginger rhizome juice (GJ) by HPLC and ICP-AES and investigate their effects on gastrointestinal functions. Methods. Short circuit current (I[sub]sc) effects of 6G and the dietary phytochemicals quercetin and kaempferol (100 [mu]M) were measured in a Caco-2 cell monolayer. In vitro isometric recording was used to investigate GJ (50 [mu]L, 200 [mu]L), 6G [1.59x10[sup]-5M-1x10[sup]-4M), a selected combination of elements (K [4.6x10[sup]-2M], Mg [7.4x10[sup]-3M], Mn [8.3x10[sup]-4M], Na [1.1x10[sup]-3M, Ca [5.1x10[sup]-4M]), and a "faux" ginger juice on contractile activity of proximal and distal stomach and duodenum segments from 'Suncus murinus'. The effect of 6G (1x10[sup]-2Mx1x10[sup]-4M, po.) and a ginger capsule suspension on motion-induced emesis was investigated in vivo in 'Suncus'. Results. The concentration of 6G in GJ was 239.43 [plus or minus] 7.92 mg/L. 6G had no effect on I[sub]sc], however quercetin and kaempferol caused a significant increase on I[sub]sc and the ATP - induced chloride ion secretion. GJ (50 [mu]L and 200 [mu]L) caused a dose-realted biphasic effect resulting in an overall increase in tension on both regions of the stomach at 25 minutes and an inhibitory effect on duodenal contractions. "Faux" GJ (200 [mu]L) only partially accounted for the effects of GJ. 6G and a ginger capsule suspension had no antiemetic activity in vivo. Conclusions. Quercetin and kaempferol may be able to augment the signalling in the intestinal epithelia resulting in an increase in fluid secretion which could facilitate stool passage. "Faux" GJ did not fully account for the motility effects of GJ, indicating that there were ither bioactive constituents present in GJ (e.g. [6]-shogaol). GJ was most effective on the duodenum, suggesting this as a target for an enteric coated ginger capsule for gastrointestinal disorders.
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Pham, Ngoc Bich. "A study of the pungency of ginger grown in Queensland." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1996. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/227118/1/T%28S%29%20111_Ngoc%20Bich%20Pham_1996.pdf.

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Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a common ingredient in culinary dishes and has also been exploited for its medicinal properties for centuries. As one of the most significant spices in the Western world, with a history of usage from time immemorial in both China and India, the importance of evaluating ginger in terms of product quality cannot be underestimated. Ginger derivatives such as ginger powder, syruped ginger, volatile oil and oleoresin all show increasing levels of international trade, both industrially and retail-wise. Growing world demands for the development of a highly aromatic, flavoursome and pungent ginger means research will greatly benefit burgeoning domestics markets as well the exporting industry. An objective of this research project, in analyzing the pungent principles of ginger, was to develop a method of extracting oleoresin from fresh ginger using supercritical fluid-CO2. The application of heat is therefore avoided, reducing the degradation of the pungent principle. A further objective was to develop a technique to quantify the common pungent principles of ginger by high performance liquid chromatography and to use this to investigate the pungency of ginger based on the pungent principles (6-, 8- and 10-gingerols, 6-, 8- and 10-shogaols and zingerone) with respect to harvest time, growing location, ginger variety and storage conditions. In pursuing the objectives of this study, a methodology for the extraction of oleoresin from fresh ginger by supercritical fluid-CO2 was established. This may be of significance to the ginger industry as the oleoresin contained the maximum amount of the common pungent principles, although its actual composition was influenced by the temperature and pressure of the SF-CO2. Results indicated that the best harvest time, in terms of oleoresin yield and ginger with highest pungency score on a fresh and dry weight basis, was during April-May and March-April respectively. Soil types and the water regimes influenced the pungency, oleoresin and pungent principle levels of gmger. The different varieties of ginger produced differing oleoresin yields and pungency levels, the highest quality being the Queensland ginger. It was found that storage was detrimental to the pungent principles of ginger. There was a decrease in the amount of 6-, 8- and 10-gingerols on a dry weight basis, possibly due to the reaction with the acids in the ginger. Different storage conditions, such as temperature and duration, yielded different results on the basis of pungency. It is highly recommended that further investigation be undertaken in order to determine the best environment for storing fresh ginger. An additional study using IR spectroscopy produced promising results. Fresh ginger and ginger stored at 4°C, 12°C and 24°C were differentiated by FTIR in the region of 1800 - 1550 cm-1 and this simple and quick technique made IR spectroscopy a useful method of testing a large number of oleoresin samples.
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Gatabazi, Auges. "Irrigation and nitrogen management of African (Siphonochilus aethiopicus (Schweinf.) B.L. Burtt) and commercial ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/77817.

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Medicinal plants are important and valuable natural resources. South Africa is well-endowed with very diverse flora and fauna that include a considerable number of medicinal plant species. Most medicinal plants have gained popularity for the treatment or prevention of various ailments. Ginger species (Zingiber officinale and Siphonochilus aethiopicus) are essential natural resources, which provide many useful products for use in food as a spice or as medicine. The two species contain beneficial secondary metabolites useful for treating many diseases and numerous digestive imbalances such as indigestion, vomiting, heartburn, diarrhoea and pregnancy-related nausea. However, the role of different agronomic practices such as irrigation, water stress and nutrient management are crucial for enhancing the yield and quality of ginger species. Due to climate change, rainfall is often less while more erratic, putting more pressure on irrigation resources in agriculture to sustain or even increase food production for a growing population. The major plant factors negatively affected by water limitations are plant growth, quality and crop yield. The second most constraining factor in plant growth and quality is the lack of plant nutrients. Macronutrients, such as N, P and K are most important in plants to complete their life cycle and play a significant role in the growth and development of plants. This study investigated the growth, yield and phytochemical profiling of two ginger species under different maximum allowable depletion levels of soil water content and nutrient management. The soil water study was conducted under a rain-shelter at the Experimental Farm on the Hillcrest campus of the University of Pretoria, South Africa. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors (ginger species and water regimes) and three replicates per treatment. The two experimental factors included the two species of ginger (commercial and African ginger) and four water levels (irrigated as soon as 20-25% of available soil water (ASW) was depleted, 40-45% of ASW depleted, 60-65% of ASW depleted and 80-85% of ASW depleted). Growth and development parameters such as height, leaf number and stem number were evaluated and varied between species and irrigation treatments. Irrigation treatment effects on plant growth and development were dependent on plant species. Leaf area index and fractional interception of photosynthetically active radiation (FIpar) values were higher in African ginger than commercial ginger in both seasons. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that both ginger species had more stomatal pores and open stomata under well-watered than stressed conditions. The study demonstrated that fresh and dry yields were higher for commercial ginger, compared to African ginger. The fresh and dry matter yields for severely water stressed plants were higher for commercial ginger than for African ginger. Water use efficiency in terms of fresh commercial ginger yield was highest for the moderately water-stressed treatment. The severely water-stressed irrigation regime (i.e. 80-85 MAD) resulted in higher production of total flavonoid content, phenolic content and increased antioxidant activity in both species.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Plant Production and Soil Science
PhD
Unrestricted
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Kandiah, Mangayetkarasy. "Kinetics of extraction of the rhizome of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47496.

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Aloqbi, Akram Ahmed. "The effect of ginger active component (Zerumbone) on human cancer cells." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616901.

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Zerumbone, a sesquiterpene extracted from rhizomes of ginger (zingiber zerumbet Smith) is reported to have anti-proliferative activities and can induce toxicity in human cancer cells. However, its molecular mechanisms' are still poorly understood. In this study, in vitro antioxidant (DPPH, H20 2, Fe2+ chelating and reducing power), apoptotic and anti-proliferative activities of zerumbone were investigated in human cancer cells. The specific objective was to identify whether zerumbone-induced cell death occurs through apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis or another fmID of cell death by undeliaking morphological and biochemical characterisation. Human cancer cell line (Caco-2, Huh-7 and EA.hy926) viability and activity with time and in the presence of different concentrations of zerumbone were investigated using LDH. In addition, characterisation of cell death induced by different concentrations of zerumbone including changes in cell sizerphosphatidylserine externalization, caspase activation and P ARP-l involvement were studied. The results showed that cancer cell death occulTed in the absence of DNA fragmentation and caspase activation at (5 Ilg/ml). Additionally, cancer cell death was characterised by cell shrinkage and an absence of necrotic cell death pathway. Anti-proliferative activity of zerumbone (5 and 10 Ilg/ml) on human cancer cells was also investigated by changes in the DNA content using flow cytometry.
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Su, Tao. "Chemical and pharmacological basis for processing pinelliae rhizoma with ginger juice and alumen." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2016. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/333.

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Processing of Chinese medicinal materials (CMMs) is a unique technique for preparing decoction pieces. According to the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, processing can reduce the toxicity, alter the indications and enhance the efficacy of the herbs. Pinelliae Rhizoma (PR), the dried tuber of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit., is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. Although toxic, it is commonly used for treating cancer, cough and phlegm. TCM doctors usually prescribe raw PR to manage cancer and Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine (PRZA), the product of raw PR processed with ginger juice and alumen, for treating cough and phlegm. To guarantee the quality of a processed herb, standardized processing procedure is critical. However, the current manufacturing protocol of PRZA varies greatly among different places in China. In addition, the mechanisms involved in raw PR's toxicities, the toxicity-reducing effect of processing, and the anticancer effects of raw PR are still not fully understood. In this study, we standardized the manufacturing procedure for PRZA, and explored the mechanisms involved in raw PR-induced cardiotoxicity, the toxicity-reducing effect of processing, and the anti-liver cancer effects of raw PR.;Our results showed that the standardized manufacturing procedure for PRZA is as follows: soak raw PR in water until the center of the cut surface is devoid of a dry core, boil for 6 h after adding 12.5 kg alumen and 25 L freshly squeezed ginger juice for each 100 kg of raw PR, then take out and dry. The toxicity and bioactivity assays demonstrated that PRZA produced using our optimized protocol could reduce the cardiotoxicity, and enhance the antitussive and expectorant efficacies of raw PR, supporting the traditional processing theory; and raw PR exhibited more potent anti-liver cancer efficacy than PRZA, supporting the common clinical practice. Moreover, as expected raw PR and PRZA showed different chemical profiles. These results suggest that our optimized protocol for producing PRZA is appropriate. The optimized protocol, shown to be applicable for PRZA industrial production, will be included in the upcoming "National Standards for Processing CMMs" (全國中藥炮製規範) to update the 1998 edition of this China national standard handbook.;Using a comprehensive metabolomics approach, we explored the underlying mechanisms of raw PR-induced cardiotoxicity and the toxicity-reducing effect of processing. Results showed that inhibition of mTOR signaling and activation of the TGF-b pathway may contribute to raw PR-induced cardiotoxicity, and free radical scavenging may be responsible for the toxicity-reducing effect of processing.;In Summary, in this study we achieved the follows: 1) standardized the manufacturing procedure for PRZA; 2) found that processing with ginger juice and alumen reduced the toxicity of raw PR, and discovered the potential mechanisms for raw PR-induced cardiotoxicity and the toxicity-reducing effect of processing; 3) demonstrated the anti-liver cancer activities and some underlying mechanisms of action of raw PR. Our findings provide a standardized manufacturing procedure for PRZA, help in the understanding of the mechanisms involved in raw PR-caused cardiotoxicity and the toxicity-reducing effect of processing, and provide a pharmacological basis for the clinical application of raw PR in liver cancer treatment. The outcome of this study should guarantee the safety and efficacy of PRZA, and provide scientific justifications for the traditional processing theory of PR.
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Ukeyima, Moses Terkula. "Effects of ginger drink on risk markers of cardiovascular disease in male participants." Thesis, University of Reading, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.701648.

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Chronic consumption of fresh ginger rhizome or ginger powder has been reported to exert hypoglycaemic, hypolipidaemic, and systemic antioxidant effects in humans. Hypotensive and vasodilatory effects of ginger have also been reported in vivo. However, the effects of acute ginger consumption on postprandial blood pressure, vascular function and cardio metabolic risk markers in men with less than 10 % cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk have not previously been studied. Initially, various commercial ginger preparations were analysed for their 6-, 8-gingerol and 6-shogaol content using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Following this, a randomized, controlled, single blinded cross over study was conducted with 22 men with mean age of 49 years and BMI of26.9 kg/m2 Participants consumed 300ml of standardized aqueous ginger beverage (selected after analysis above) containing 15.36 mg 6-gingerol, 8.85 mg 8-gingerol and 1.41 mg 6- shogaol or control (water) along with a high fat breakfast and high carbohydrate lunch and various cardio-metabolic outcomes were assessed. There was a trend towards a postprandial reduction in both systolic and diastolic BP after the consumption of ginger, although these effects did not achieve significance (P>O.05). Similarly, there were no significant impacts of ginger intake on the postprandial FMD response, which was depressed by the high fat meal challenge, as well as no significant improvement in Aix or plasma and urinary NOx. There was also no significant impact of ginger intake on postprandial responses of plasma lipids and glucose to the high fat meal regime. However, ginger intake was observed to significantly modulate the plasma antioxidant capacity. In conclusion, the acute consumption of a standardized ginger beverage did not significantly improve postprandial SBP, DBP and FMD.
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Therkleson, Tessa C. "A phenomenological inquiry into the patient's experience of the external application of ginger." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2003. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1336.

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This Research Study explores the quality of the experience for the patient of the external application of ginger using a Husserllan phenomenological methodology, In this Study the phenomenon Is the patient's experience of the external application of ginger. A group of Anthroposophical Nurses in the Hawkes Bay of New Zealand personally selected seven appropriate consenting adults to receive one external application of ginger. Following their experience, the patients were asked a series of open-ended questions by the researcher, These Interviews were audio taped. The interview data have been transcribed and reduced to themes that have been explored and reflected on alongside relevant literature in the field. Four Interpretative themes capturing the patients experience were identified. These are patient experience: •warmth in the body as increasing In intensity and radiating outwards; •Increasing stimulation of internal activity within their body; •changes In thought-life, sensory perception and bodily tension; •centredness within themselves and a greater sense of personal boundary In relation to the world. The warmth response was slow and subtle initially and experienced externally on the skin beneath the ginger compress. Gradually the heat Intensified and developed into deep inner warmth. Patients were astonished at the strength and depth the heat generated. The warmth penetrated deep within the body spreading as far as the limbs. There was a definite awareness that this internal heat response was caused by the ginger compress, remaining long after the treatment and stimulating internal body activity. Patients experienced an enlivening of internal activity within the digestive, excretory and circulatory organs of the body. The increasing activity within the circulation moved and energised the metabolism. There was an awareness of increased blood flow throughout the body accompanied by a sense of an opening up within. Digestive disturbances and increased energy ware experienced; It was as If the body received something extra that enabled a movement internally. Patients experienced a stimulated thought life, including a transition from a dreamy to a wakeful state, changing sensations within the skin, activation of the senses and a relief of aches and tensions in the body. Following the ginger compress thinking was alert and active along with a general Increase In vitality and a sense of being present. There was a sense of being more centred, more connected to oneself and more aware of one's physical body. Patients experienced the opportunity to revisit their inner self, the inner core of their being. For all the patients the experience of the ginger compress was positive. Some of the patients expressed the wish to have repeated treatments. Future research on the experience of a series of ginger compresses for patients with specific conditions would be significant.
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Therkleson, Tessa Christine. "The experience of receiving ginger compresses in persons with osteoarthritis : a phenomenological study." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2009. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1874.

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This is the first research study exploring the experience of the ginger compress for people with the diagnosed condition of osteoarthritis (OA). The stimulus for this research came out of both the researcher's Masters research and an interest in alternative healthcare. The World Health Organisation has declared 2000-2010 the Bone and Joint decade, with one of the primary aims advancement in the research and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders of which OA is the most common. Conventional management of OA is generally focused on the use of either non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or analgesics, which are regularly rejected by people either because of side effects from long-term use or personal preference for alternative treatments. Rheumatologists suggest that the ideal management of OA includes a combination of both conventional and alternative treatments. The ginger compress is an alternative treatment for people with OA symptoms, which has its origins in ancient folk lore, having been used for thousands of years in China. Today, it is a routine treatment for OA in Traditional Chinese Medicine clinics in the Guangzhou province of China and hospitals in Germany specialised in complementary healthcare. In 2006 the researcher visited these clinics and hospitals to gain an understanding of the use of the ginger compress. The ginger compress is a cotton cloth, soaked in a hot ginger infusion, and applied externally on specific parts of the body. In this study it was applied on the kidney region of the back and termed a ginger kidney compress (GKC). A Husserlian phenomenological approach was used to explore the meaning of the lived experience of the GKC for people with OA. This approach applies a rigorous process of phenomenological reduction, bracketing and reflexivity to enable the essential features of the experience to be exposed. The opportunity for people’s experiences to be reported free of researcher bias is a significant feature of this approach. A clearly defined, systematic methodology was followed, which enabled complex sources of data to be explored and described logically and creatively. In this study data were obtained through the use of an OA selection questionnaire, daily diaries and drawings, follow-up interview, telephone conversations and emails. Two primary open-ended questions were asked to elicit participants’ experience of the GKC. A significant parameter of the research was the purposive sampling. Ten adults, 6 female and 4 male, over 45 years of age, with symptomatic OA were selected. For all participants, OA was not being satisfactorily managed by existing approaches, it had been present for at least one year, and it was confirmed by X-ray and detailed assessment of symptoms. An arthritis assessment questionnaire confirmed that participants met the criteria for selection. People with rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia, cancer, other serious conditions and those on corticosteroids were excluded from the study. Ten nurses in complementary primary healthcare clinics in New Zealand and Australia applied the treatment and monitored the participants' condition. The treatment involved daily GKCs for seven consecutive days. Following the treatment, data was collected and analysed, using the software tool NVivo. Seven themes were identified that revealed the GKC treatment had a significant and positive impact on participants' relationship to the self, others and the world and the impact continued for varying periods after the treatment. All participants experienced encompassing, penetrating warmth in the body, which activated a deeply relaxed state. The mind was totally at peace and calm as a sense of timelessness ensued, which allowed revived memories to be met with renewed understanding. The self experienced an energising of the whole inner being, with thought life becoming alive and awake. A sense of inner bodily freeing progressed to an emotional and physical release. As tensions, eased joint flexibility and subsequent mobility improved. The self experienced a sense of enthusiasm for life that accompanied an interest and inner urge to renew participation in social and other worldly activities. A new world view was gained in which the self felt confidently independent and able to manage life with OA. This study found a particular personality type is prevalent in people with symptomatic OA. A lack of deep inner warmth, relaxation and vitality are typical experiences for such people. The GKC treatment counteracted this deficiency, with ginger’s unique qualities of heat, balance, stimulation, anti-inflammation and analgesia. This treatment offers hope for people with a condition that has led to progressive physical deterioration and loss of quality of life. It offers understanding in management of OA and a brighter future living with OA.
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Widnersson, Emma, and Hanna Ström. "Ingefäras antiemetiska effekt vid cytostatikarelaterat illamående : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-153819.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether or not there is evidence for the usage of ginger as an antiemetic in patients experiencing chemotherapy related nausea, based on available scientific literature. Methods: The original articles were found by using search engines PubMed and CINAHL. The selected articles were then analyzed based on their content, quality and results. Based on the results from the content analysis the articles were placed in four different themes. Results: In the first theme two of the articles found that ginger had significant effect on chemotherapy related nausea, when used in combination with regular antiemetic treatment. Two other articles said that it does not. In the second theme four studies found that different forms of ginger lessens nausea, in contrast two other articles found that it does not have any increased effect on said nausea. In the third theme one article found that ginger has significant effect in quelling nausea whilst another article says that it does not show any difference in effect to 5HT3-receptorantagonist metoclopramide. The fourth theme contains one article that find that ginger in combination with high protein diet have antiemetic effect. Conclusions: The conclusion of this literary overview is that there is good evidence that using ginger as an antiemetic in combination with 5HT3-receptor antagonist in patients experiencing chemotherapy related nausea, mainly when given cisplatin.
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Muir, Angela M. "Seed predation and dispersal in a deciduous forest understorey herb, wild ginger (Asarum canadense)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22143.pdf.

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25

Sanderson, Lisa. "Studies on the potential use of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in the control of schistosomiasis." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300818.

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Muir, Angela M. (Angela Malia) Carleton University Dissertation Biology. "Seed predation and dispersal in a deciduous forest understorey herb, wild ginger (Asarum canadense)." Ottawa, 1997.

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Koo, Hyun Jo, Eric McDowell, Xiaoqiang Ma, Kevin Greer, Jeremy Kapteyn, Zhengzhi Xie, Anne Descour, et al. "Ginger and turmeric expressed sequence tags identify signature genes for rhizome identity and development and the biosynthesis of curcuminoids, gingerols and terpenoids." BioMed Central, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610084.

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BACKGROUND:Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) accumulate important pharmacologically active metabolites at high levels in their rhizomes. Despite their importance, relatively little is known regarding gene expression in the rhizomes of ginger and turmeric.RESULTS:In order to identify rhizome-enriched genes and genes encoding specialized metabolism enzymes and pathway regulators, we evaluated an assembled collection of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from eight different ginger and turmeric tissues. Comparisons to publicly available sorghum rhizome ESTs revealed a total of 777 gene transcripts expressed in ginger/turmeric and sorghum rhizomes but apparently absent from other tissues. The list of rhizome-specific transcripts was enriched for genes associated with regulation of tissue growth, development, and transcription. In particular, transcripts for ethylene response factors and AUX/IAA proteins appeared to accumulate in patterns mirroring results from previous studies regarding rhizome growth responses to exogenous applications of auxin and ethylene. Thus, these genes may play important roles in defining rhizome growth and development. Additional associations were made for ginger and turmeric rhizome-enriched MADS box transcription factors, their putative rhizome-enriched homologs in sorghum, and rhizomatous QTLs in rice. Additionally, analysis of both primary and specialized metabolism genes indicates that ginger and turmeric rhizomes are primarily devoted to the utilization of leaf supplied sucrose for the production and/or storage of specialized metabolites associated with the phenylpropanoid pathway and putative type III polyketide synthase gene products. This finding reinforces earlier hypotheses predicting roles of this enzyme class in the production of curcuminoids and gingerols.CONCLUSION:A significant set of genes were found to be exclusively or preferentially expressed in the rhizome of ginger and turmeric. Specific transcription factors and other regulatory genes were found that were common to the two species and that are excellent candidates for involvement in rhizome growth, differentiation and development. Large classes of enzymes involved in specialized metabolism were also found to have apparent tissue-specific expression, suggesting that gene expression itself may play an important role in regulating metabolite production in these plants.
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Manzini, Tryphine Zodwa. "Production of wild ginger (siphonochilus aethiopicus) under protection and indigenous knowledge of the plant from traditional healers." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27497.

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A questionnaire survey was conducted in five different villages in Mpumalanga Province. Hundred and fifty traditional healers were interviewed. The aim of the survey was to record and document indigenous knowledge held by the traditional healers on wild ginger and eight other popular plants used by them. The healing properties of wild ginger as perceived by traditional healers, ranged from healing coughs, colds, flu, hysteria, malaria and menstrual disorder, to protection against lightning. Majority (77%) said that there was no difference in medicinal value between cultivated and those grown in the wild. The majority of the traditional healers (72%) said they would appreciate proper training on how to domesticate these plants. Traditional healers do not have professional knowledge and skills to produce theses medicinal plants. Therefore training is crucial to impart these skills. The income category of traditional healers ranged from less than R200 to a maximum of R3000. Traditional healers received as few as 1 to 5 patients per day. The consultation cost ranged from R20 to more than R95. People who gathered plants for traditional healers ranged from 1 to 10 depending on the popularity of the traditional healer and the size of his/ her surgery. An experiment was carried out at Johannesburg Center for the disabled (JOCOD), Lenasia, South of Johannesburg, in a plastic tunnel and under a shade net. The objective of the experiment was to determine the effect of using a tunnel or a shade net on the yield of rhizome and to determine the effect of different harvesting periods on rhizome yield of wild ginger. The treatments were four in number, namely; two growing structures (tunnel and shade net) and two harvesting periods. On the effect of harvesting periods on yield, although there was no significant differences in the number of enlarged roots harvested between the first harvesting period and the second harvesting period, the number of roots tended to be higher during the first harvesting period compared to the second harvesting period. There was a significant difference in the number of rhizomes between the first and the second harvesting periods. On the effect of growth structure on yield of wild ginger, the number of enlarged roots was significantly higher from plants grown in a tunnel compared with those grown in a shade net. There was a significant difference in rhizome circumference between plants grown in a plastic tunnel and those grown in a shade net. There were interactions between the harvesting date and growth structure for fresh enlarged root mass. Fresh mass of enlarged roots of wild ginger was greater during the first harvesting date than during the second harvesting date for plants grown in a plastic tunnel. For small scale or resource poor farmers, herbalists and traditional healers who wish to grow wild ginger under protection, it is better to grow wild ginger in a plastic tunnel than under a shade net, probably because wild ginger performs well in warm conditions. The plastic tunnels have a tendency of maintaining warm temperatures during winter months. Early harvesting of wild ginger at the end of June 28/06 than harvesting in September. This could be because wild ginger grows rapidly throughout the summer season and in winter, the growth rate drops (dormant stage) making early winter the right time to harvest.
Dissertation (M Inst Agrar (Horticulture))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Plant Production and Soil Science
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29

Jiang, Xuemin. "Effect of herbal medicines on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Warfarin in healthy subjects." University of Sydney. Pharmacy, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/651.

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Herbal medicines are widely used in our community. A survey of Australian consumers indicated that 60% had used complementary and/or alternative medicines in the past year with the majority not informing their doctor that they were using herbal medicines. Little is known about the potentially serious consequences of interactions between herbal and conventional medicines. Warfarin has an important role in treating people with heart disease, yet it has a narrow therapeutic range, is highly bound to plasma proteins, and is metabolised by cytochrome P450. This creates the potential for life-threatening interactions with other drugs and foods leading to excessive bleeding. Hence, warfarin is one of the most frequently investigated drugs for interaction studies. Early clinical reports suggest that there exists the potential for an interaction between warfarin and four herbal medicines: St John�s wort, ginseng, ginkgo and ginger. However, these herb-drug combinations have never been conclusively studied. The two clinical studies conducted as part of this research had an identical study design. Twenty-four healthy male subjects were recruited into the two separate studies. This was an open label, three-way crossover randomised study in twelve healthy male subjects, who received a single 25 mg dose of warfarin alone or after 14 days pre-treatment with St John�s wort, or 7 days pre-treatment with ginseng. Dosing with St John�s wort or ginseng was continued for 7 days after administration of the warfarin dose in study I or who received a single 25 mg dose of warfarin alone or after 7 days pre-treatment with recommended doses of ginkgo or ginger from single ingredient products of known quality. Dosing with ginkgo or ginger was continued for 7 days after administration of the warfarin dose in study II. Platelet aggregation, international normalised ratio (INR) of prothrombin time, warfarin enantiomer protein binding, warfarin enantiomer concentrations in plasma and S-7-hydroxywarfarin concentration in urine were measured in both studies. Statistical comparisons were made using ANOVA and 95% confidence interval (CI) for mean value and 90% CI for geometric mean ratio value are reported. n study I, the mean (95% CI) apparent clearance of S-warfarin after warfarin alone or with St John�s wort or ginseng were, respectively, 198 (174 � 223) ml/h, 269 (241 � 297) ml/h and 220 (201 � 238) ml/h. The respective apparent clearances of R-warfarin were 110 (94 � 126) ml/h, 142 (123 � 161) ml/h and 119 (106 � 131) ml/h. The mean ratio of apparent clearance for S-warfarin was 1.29 (1.16-1.46) and for R-warfarin was 1.23 (1.11-1.37) when St John�s wort was co-administered. The mean ratio of AUC0-168 of INR was 0.79 (0.70 - 0.95) when St John�s wort was co-administered. The urinary excretion ratio of S-7-hydroxywarfarin after administration of warfarin alone was 0.04 (0.03 � 0.06) mg/h and there was no significant difference following treatment with either St John�s wort 0.03 (0.02 � 0.04) mg/h or ginseng 0.03 (0.02 � 0.04) mg/h. The ratio of geometric means for S-7-hydroxywarfarin UER was 0.82 (0.61-1.12) for St John�s wort, and 0.68 (0.50-0.91) for ginseng. St John�s wort and ginseng did not affect the apparent volumes of distribution or protein binding of warfarin enantiomers. In study II, the mean (95% CI) apparent clearance of S-warfarin after warfarin alone, with ginkgo or ginger were 189 (167 � 210) ml/h, 200 (173 � 227) ml/h and 201 (171 � 231) ml/h, respectively. The respective apparent clearances of R-warfarin were 127 (106 � 149) ml/h, 126 (111 � 141) ml/h and 131 (106 � 156) ml/h. The mean ratio of apparent clearance for S-warfarin was 1.05 (0.98 -1.12) and for R-warfarin was 1.00 (0.93 -1.08) when co-administered with ginkgo. The mean ratio of AUC0-168 of INR was 0.93 (0.81 -1.05) when co-administered with ginkgo. The mean ratio of apparent clearance for S-warfarin was 1.05 (0.97 -1.13) and for R-warfarin was 1.02 (0.95 -1.10) when co-administered with ginger. The mean ratio of AUC0-168 of INR was 1.01 (0.93 -1.15) when co-administered with ginger. The urinary excretion ratio (UER) of S-7-hydroxywarfarin after administration of warfarin alone was 0.04 (0.03 � 0.05) mg/h and there was no significant difference following treatment with either ginkgo 0.04 (0.03 � 0.04) mg/h or ginger 0.03 (0.02 � 0.04) mg/h. The ratio of geometric means for S-7-hydroxywarfarin UER was 1.07 (0.69-1.67) for ginkgo, and 1.00 (0.64-1.56) for ginger. Ginkgo and ginger did not affect the apparent volumes of distribution or protein binding of either S-warfarin or R-warfarin. In conclusion, St John�s wort significantly induced the apparent clearance of both S-warfarin and R-warfarin, which in turn resulted in a significant reduction in the pharmacological effect of rac-warfarin. Ginseng, ginkgo and ginger at recommended doses affect neither clotting status, nor the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of either S-warfarin or R-warfarin in healthy subjects.
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30

Katele, Zongwe Felix. "Chemical profiling of cultivated and wild African ginger and absolute configurations of compounds from mangroves and Ancistrocladus species." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53504.

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Medicinal plants and natural products have played a pivotal role as a source of drug leads that has led to improving health conditions and have provided humankind with numerous pharmacologically active drugs. Other than the biological screening and chemical profiling of plant extracts, the isolation, purification and elucidation of the full absolute structures of natural compounds are some of the key areas required in the time-consuming process of drug discovery based on natural products. Elucidation of the absolute configuration (AC) of chiral natural products represents one of the most challenging tasks in the determination of full molecular structures but still remains an essential concept in drug discovery as enantiomers do not always exhibit the same pharmacological activities. The present study successively investigated the UPLC MS and GC MS chemical profiles of organic extracts from the wild and cultivated popular, but threatened medicinal plant, African ginger {i.e., Siphonochilus aethiopicus (Schweinf.) B.L. Burtt} and the absolute configurations of limonoids, diterpenoid and dimeric naphthylisoquinoline (NIQ) alkaloids isolated from mangroves and Ancistrocladus species. The first part of the study aimed at exploring the similarities and/or differences between the UPLC MS and GC MS chemical profiles of wild and cultivated African ginger rhizomes and evaluating the antimalarial activity of extracts from both sources taking into account that traditional healers are not unanimous on using the cultivated material for medicinal purposes. UPLC MS chemical profiling of n-hexane/DCM (1:1) extracts from air-dried rhizomes has revealed the presence of additional peaks in the chromatographic profiles of wild plants but also confirmed the major peak in the profiles of both wild and cultivated rhizomes to be the common furanoterpenoid (4), known as Siphonochilone. The compound was unexpectedly observed to be highly unstable and generated artefact sesquiterpenoids after autoxidation. Autoxidation was observed for the pure compound, as well as in dried and powdered rhizomes. The latter aspect confirmed that the artefact sesquiterpenoids only form after autoxidation and do not occur in the fresh plant as reported in many publications. GC MS analyses of n-hexane extracts from fresh, air-dried and oven-dried plants confirmed the presence of Siphonochilone (4) from both sources but further revealed the presence of eucalyptol, which was significantly depleted after drying. Antimalarial screenings of n-hexane/DCM (1:1) extracts against the chloroquine-sensitive (CQS) strain of Plasmodium falciparum (NF54) did not show substantial change in the IC50 values for both sources. The second part of the study aimed at elucidating the absolute configurations of two limonoids, one diterpenoid and two NIQ dimers. This was tackled by conducting quantum-chemical calculations of chiroptical spectroscopy, such as circular dichroism. Absolute configurations were deduced from the comparison between experimental chiroptical data with the curves predicted for the possible enantiomers. The absolute configurations of the limonoids thaixylomolin A (12) and B (13) were respectively revealed as 1R,5R,8R,9R,10R,13S,14R,15S,17S and 1R,2R,3S,4R,5S,9S,10R,13R,17R while that of the diterpenoid decandrinin (14) was 5S,9S,10R and those for the NIQ dimers mbandakamines A (15a) and B (15b) validated published data.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
Chemistry
MSc
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31

Cruz, Patricia Lane Goncalves da. "Brian Moore's "The Luck of Ginger Coffey": an experience of immigration from Ireland to Canada in the fifties." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ECAP-7DPGDX.

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This work analyzes the novel "The luck of Ginger Coffey" by the Irish-Canadian writer Brian Moore in order to investigate some aspects of the main characters` experience of immigration from Ireland to Canada in the fifties. The theoretical boundaries between the concepts of immigration and diaspora are discussed, with emphasis on the Irish experience. As some of the elements appointed by theoreticians as belonging to diasporas may also be regarded as occurring in immigration, the boundaries between them are questioned in this thesis. The immigrant settling in a foreign country can face prejudice and marginalization. I analyze how the main character Ginger Coffey is perceived as Other by people form different ethnicities. The othering process may be strengthened by the use of stereotyped images. The question of stereotyping and how a system of representation contributes to this process are also addressed. Furthermore, I discuss the Coffeys` adjustment to the Montreal of the fifties and the influence of the pos t-war social environment on immigrants` gender roles.
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32

Jasson, Timothy Ivan. "Effects of compost tea extract on growth, nutritional value, soil quality of Hypoxis hemerocallidea and Siphonochilus aethiopicus." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2791.

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Thesis (MTech (Horticulture))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.
The exact responses to the concentration of compost tea extract and methods of irrigation application were not previously measured on Hypoxis hemerocallidea and Siphonochilus aethiopicus. Commercial exploitation, habitat loss and degradation, overharvesting, and enhancement of their medicinal properties, have led to this investigation and the need to replenish both these valuable plant species. This is crucial for plant survival, especially in the wild and for use of the traditional medicinal plants. Hypoxis hemerocallidea and Siphonochilus aethiopicus, known as star flower and wild ginger respectively continue to decline, due to overharvesting from their natural habitat. Both these species have tremendous traditional medicinal value among localized African people. To enhance their commercial cultivation, compost tea extracts, in the following ratios (no catalyst added (control1); T 1000:1, T750:1, T500:1, and T250:1L) were applied in equal dosages to determine an optimal compost tea extract ratio. The experiment was conducted in a temperature controlled greenhouse. Mushroom compost (500 g, per brew) was used for all extracts. Brewing was done with no catalyst added (Control 1), and 24 hours later another brew was done with catalyst added, weekly for 20 weeks. The Control treatment received water only. Both species were slow growing and comparatively, the Hypoxis plants responded faster than the Siphonochilus plants. In this investigation, plant growth parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf width, leaf length and leaf colour, were measured and evaluated. Despite the plants positive response to the mushroom compost tea extracts, across all the above plant growth parameters, no significant differences were noted between the treatments during the twenty-week application period. Leaf chlorophyll content peaked in week 11 of the hypoxis plants and was the highest in week 14 of the Siphonochilus plants with no significant interaction between weeks vs. treatment over the twenty-week experiment. The chlorophyll readings indicate that both species increased their chlorophyll production over time. Although the total wet leaf length, root length, corm diameter, leaf weight, corm weight and root weight of Hypoxis were non-significant between treatments, T500:1 total wet weight was significantly higher when compared to the rest of the treatments. The total dry weight analysis of hypoxis was non-significant. Control Calcium level was significantly lower between the control and the treatments of the Hypoxis total dry leaf nutrient analysis. The Hypoxis dried roots nutrient analysis was non-significant across treatments.
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33

Viljoen, Estelle. "A systematic review of the effect and safety of ginger in the treatment of pregnancy-associated nausea and vomiting." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20265.

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Thesis (MNutr)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) is a common medical condition. Due to possible harmful side-effects that conventional medicine may pose to the fetus, many mothers choose not to use it, and are left helpless against NVP. There is a need for alternative treatment to relieve NVP symptoms. Objectives: This systematic review (SR) investigated current evidence regarding ginger for the treatment of NVP. The primary objective was to assess the effectiveness of ginger in treating NVP. The secondary objective was to assess the safety of ginger during pregnancy, by identifying adverse events or side-effects. Search strategy: Electronic search of bibliographic databases (1966-February 2011). Selection criteria: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the efficacy of ginger by any route, as treatment for NVP in pregnant women regardless of their age or stage of pregnancy. Data collection and analysis: The principal investigator and independent reviewer individually identified relevant studies, extracted data and assessed trial quality. Data analysis was performed using the RevMan5 software. Differences at the level of p<0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Results: Eleven RCTs involving 1176 pregnant women were included. The quality of evidence was low, hence the high risk of bias and imprecision of results. Ginger significantly improved the symptoms of nausea when compared to placebo, when comparing the results of this SR to past SRs, and taking into account a meta-analysis performed on two relatively large included studies (mean difference (MD) 1.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56-1.84, p=0.0002, I2=0%). However, another meta-analysis on two smaller studies indicated no significant improvement in nausea. Ginger did not significantly improve nausea when compared to vitamin B6 (MD 0.34, 95% CI -1.52-2.20, p=0.7, I2=91%). Similarly, ginger did not significantly reduce the number of vomiting episodes during NVP, when compared to placebo, although there was a trend towards improvement (MD 0.72, 95% CI -0.03-1.46, p=0.06, I2=71%). Subgroup analyses performed seemed to favor the lower daily dosage of <1500mg ginger to possibly be more effective for the relief of nausea. Ginger did not pose a significant risk for spontaneous abortion when compared to placebo (RR 3.14, 95% CI 0.65-15.11, p=0.15; I2=0%), or to vitamin B6 (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.17-1.42, p=0.19, I2=40%). Similarly, ginger did not pose a significant risk for the side effects of heartburn or drowsiness when compared to placebo or vitamin B6. When compared to dimenhydrinate, ginger posed a smaller risk for drowsiness (RR 0.08, 95% CI 0.03-0.18) and no increased risk for heartburn. Conclusions: This review suggests potential benefits of ginger in reducing nausea symptoms in pregnancy (bearing in mind the limited number of studies, variable outcome reporting and quality of evidence). Ginger did not have a significant impact on vomiting episodes, nor pose a risk for side effects or adverse events during pregnancy. Based on evidence from this SR, ginger could be considered a harmless and possibly effective alternative option for women suffering from the symptoms of NVP. Large RCTs are necessary to confirm the possible benefit of ginger as treatment for NVP.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond: Naarheid en vomering tydens swangerskap (NVS) is ‘n algemene mediese toestand. As gevolg van moontlike skadelike newe-effekte wat konvensionele medikasie kan veroorsaak vir die fetus, vermy baie moeders dit en word hulpeloos gelaat teen NVS. Dus is daar behoefte aan alternatiewe behandeling vir NVS. Doelwitte: Hierdie sistematiese literatuuroorsig (SO) het huidige literatuur ondersoek wat verband hou met gemmer vir behandeling van NVS. Die primêre doelwit was om effektiwiteit van gemmer as behandeling vir NVS te assesseer. Die sekondêre doelwit was om veiligheid van gemmer tydens swangerskap te assesseer, deur ongunstige gebeure en newe-effekte te identifiseer. Soektogstrategie: Elektroniese soektog van bibliografiese databasisse (1966-Februarie 2011). Seleksiekriteria: Verewekansigde gekontrolleerde proewe (RCTs) van gemmer deur enige roete as behandeling van NVS, in swanger vroue ongeag ouderdom of stadium van swangerskap. Dataversameling en –analise: Die hoof navorser en ‘n onafhanklike hersiener het individueel relevante studies geidentifiseer, data ekstraksie onderneem en studie-kwaliteit geassesseer. Data-analise is uitgevoer deur die RevMan5 sagteware te gebruik. Verskille by die vlak van p<0.05 was beskou as statisties betekenisvol. Hoof resultate: Elf RCTs waarby 1176 swanger vroue betrokke was, is ingesluit. Die studie-kwaliteit was swak, dus die hoë risiko vir sydigheid en onakkuraatheid van resultate. Gemmer het beduidend die simptome van naarheid verbeter in vergelyking met plasebo, wanneer die resultate van hierdie SO met vorige SO’s vergelyk word, en die meta-analise in ag geneem word wat op twee relatiewe groot ingeslote studies uitgevoer is (gemiddelde verskil (MD) 1.20, 95% vertrouens interval (VI) 0.56-1.84, p=0.0002,I2=0%). Kontrasterend, het ‘n ander meta-analise van twee kleiner studies geen beduidende verbetering in naarheid aangedui nie. Gemmer het nie beduidend naarheid verbeter wanneer dit met vitamien B6 vergelyk word nie (MD 0.34, 95% VI -1.52-2.20, p=0.7, I2=91%). Soortgelyk, het gemmer nie die aantal vomerings-episodes verminder, in verglyking met plasebo nie, maar daar was wel ‘n neiging na verbetering (MD 0.72, 95% VI -0.03-1.46, p=0.06, I2=71%). Die subgroup-analise blyk ten gunste te wees van die laer daaglikse dosis van <1500mg gemmer om meer effektief te wees vir die behandeling van naarheid. Gemmer het nie ‘n beduidende risiko ingehou vir spontane aborsie, wanneer dit vergelyk word met plasebo (relatiewe risiko (RR) 3.14, 95% VI 0.65-15.11,p=0.15;I2=0%), of vitamien B6 nie (RR 0.49, 95% VI 0.17-1.42,p=0.19;I2=40%). Soortgelyk, het gemmer nie ‘n beduidende risiko ingehou vir newe-effekte van sooibrand of duiseligheid, wanneer dit vergelyk word met plasebo of vitamien B6 nie. Wanneer dit vergelyk word met dimenhidrinaat, het gemmer ‘n kleiner risiko ingehou vir duiseligheid (RR 0.08, 95% VI 0.03-0.18) en geen verhoogde risiko vir sooibrand nie. Gevolgtrekkings: Hierdie SO dui ‘n potensiële voordeel van gemmer aan in vermindering van naarheid tydens swangerskap (inagnemend van die klein hoeveelheid studies, wisselende uitkomste-rapportering en studie-kwaliteit). Gemmer het nie ‘n beduidnede impak gehad op vomerings-episodes nie, en ook nie ‘n risiko ingehou vir newe-efekte of ongunstige gebeure tydens swangerskap nie. Volgens bewyse uit hierdie SO, kan gemmer beskou word as ‘n skadelose en moontlike effektiewe alternatiewe opsie vir vroue wat lei aan NVP. Grootskaalse RCTs is nodig om die moontlike voordeel van gemmer as behandeling vir NVS te bevestig.
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34

Chakalian, Meline. "Promoting dietary chemoprevention through development of a functional food product using sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) and ginger (Zingiber officinale)." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10140469.

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Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of morbidity and second leading cause for mortality by cancer in the United States. Phytochemicals within fruits and vegetables have demonstrated chemopreventive potential by regulating certain defense mechanisms within the body. This study evaluated consumer acceptability of a sweet potato ginger crisp prototype. Thirty-two male and female subjects (mean age: 22.8 years) were recruited at California State University, Long Beach. Consumer acceptability was significantly (p < 0.05) higher for the commercial product compared to prototype on several sensory attributes. Frequency of consumption was significantly (p < 0.001) higher for the commercial product. The commercial product was preferred overall (91%). Antioxidant capacity measures indicated high radical scavenging (95%) and reducing power (26%) of the prototype. Further research to assess overall quality and marketing the synergistic benefits from the chemopreventive compounds in sweet potatoes and presence of natural sugars may improve its overall acceptability.

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35

Prato, Tiago Sartorelli [UNESP]. "Influência da secagem sobre compostos medicinais e de pungência do gengibre." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90778.

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O gengibre, rizoma da Zingiber Officinale Roscoe, é muito utilizado na alimentação por sua pungência e sabor característico, na fabricação de diversos produtos e bebidas e como ingrediente em preparados alimentícios in natura ou processado. Alguns dos principais compostos que contribuem para o aroma e a pungência do gengibre, gingeróis e shogaóis, são também responsáveis por algumas propriedades medicinais e terapêuticas. Este trabalho propôs-se investigar o processo de desidratação do gengibre fatiado quanto à influência da temperatura e vácuo sobre os compostos pungentes, principalmente o 6-gingerol e 6-shogaol e quanto à cinética de secagem em secador de bandejas sob convecção forçada. Para tanto, foram realizados ensaios em secador convencional de bandejas à pressão atmosférica e em secador sob vácuo com ar de secagem nas temperaturas de 50, 60 e 70ºC. Os dados obtidos permitiram a construção e a modelagem das curvas de secagem e o cálculo da taxa de secagem ao longo do processo. Amostras coletadas durante o processo foram analizadas por espectrofotometria direta e por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência para obter os perfis de concentração dos gingeróis totais, 6-gingerol e 6-shogaol. Os resultados mostraram a influência da temperatura do ar de secagem, com as mais altas atingindo umidades mais baixas do gengibre em períodos de tempo mais curtos e apresentando taxas de secagem iniciais constantes mais elevadas. Boa parte da secagem ocorreu sob taxa decrescente e com grandes contrações e encolhimentos. Os dados experimentais de umidade versus tempo foram melhor ajustados pelo modelo de Midilli et al. O teor de gingeróis totais no gengibre in natura variou de 4,88 a 6,83 mg (g-gengibre fresco) -1 , com perfis crescentes ao longo da secagem, enquanto o teor de 6-gingerol (pico de absorção à 278 nm e retenção 9,2 minutos) variou...
Ginger, rhizome from Zingiber Officinale Roscoe, is greatly appreciated by its pungency and characteristic flavor, as ingredient in food and beverage processing and in home cooking fresh or processed. Some of the main compounds which contributed to the aroma and pungency to ginger, gingerols and shogaols, are also responsible for some health and therapeutic properties. This research proposed to investigate the dehydration process of sliced ginger, the influence of temperature and vacuum on pungent compounds, mainly 6- gingerol and 6-shogaol, and to determine the drying kinetics in cabinet drier under forced air convection. Experiments were conduct in a conventional cabinet drier at atmospheric pressure and in a vacuum drier using air at temperatures of 50, 60 and 70ºC. Data obtained allowed the drying curves to be drawn and modeled, as well as to calculate the drying rate over the entire process. Samples collected during the process were analyzed by direct spectrophotometry and by high efficiency liquid chromatography, in order to get the concentration profile, respectively, of total gingerols, 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol. The results showed strong temperature effects on the drying process, with highest temperatures giving lowest moisture contents in shortest process times and presenting initial higher and constant drying rates. Most part of the drying time has occurred under falling drying rates and with noticeable contractions and shrinkage of the ginger slices. The experimental data of moisture as a function of drying time were best fitted to the four parameter model of Midilli et al. The total gingerols content in the fresh ginger varied from 4.88 to 6.83 mg (g-fresh ginger) -1 , with increasing profiles during drying, while the content of 6-gingerol (absorption peak at 278 nm and retention time 9.2 min) varied from 0.99 to 1.17 mg (g-ginger) -1 on drying under vacuum, with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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36

Carrasco, Nancy Farfán. "Melhoramento participativo e seleção de genótipos de gengibre (Zingiber officinale) com resistência a Fusariose (Fusarium oxysporum)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11137/tde-25042017-164259/.

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O gengibre é uma das especiarias mais importantes e amplamente utilizadas no mundo. Atualmente, a maior produção desta cultura concentra-se nos estados do sul do Brasil, sendo grande parte destinada para exportação. A geração de renda e a manutenção da variabilidade genética do gengibre são feitas principalmente pela agricultura familiar. Portanto, com o objetivo de continuar incrementando a diversidade genética do gengibre e contribuir com uma adoção rápida de variedades com melhor rendimento, adaptadas às características dos campos dos agricultores, e com resistência à principal doença desta cultura (Fusariose), este trabalho visou selecionar genótipos de gengibre do banco de germoplasma da ESALQ/USP com características relacionadas às prioridades dos agricultores do vale de Caraguatatuba - Ubatuba e que possuam algum nível de resistência a Fusarium oxysporum. Para tal, esta pesquisa foi dividida em duas partes. Primeiramente, desenvolveu-se um processo de melhoramento genético participativo, onde os agricultores ajudaram a identificar as prioridades de seleção de gengibre, procurando características que sejam adequadas às suas necessidades e na identificação da sintomatologia de fusariose mediante escala de notas. Na segunda parte, foi feita uma seleção de genótipos promissores por meio de avaliações em campo e casa de vegetação, através de uma análise de interação genótipo x ambiente. Os resultados mostraram que as prioridades de melhoramento escolhidas pelos agricultores foram resistência a doenças e pragas, altos rendimentos, estabilidade no tempo, variedades que consigam suprir necessidades de venda in natura e industrializado e com capacidade de atender diferentes tipos de mercado. Dentre os genótipos avaliados pelos agricultores, foram selecionados os genótipos G7, G16, G20, G22, G29, G31, G33, G47, G49, G51, G53, G58, G61 e G66 como resistentes e com características agronômicas promissoras. Nas avaliaçãoes de campo e casa de vegetação observou-se que dos 49 genótipos analisados, G47 apresentou o maior nível de resistência, enquanto que G11, G23, G30, G43 e G64, foram identificados como genótipos resistentes. Desses genótipos selecionados como resistentes apenas os genótipos G23 e G64 foram promissores, apresentando estabilidade na resistência, produção, formação de perfilhos, e caracteres qualitativos de interesse agronômico. Entre os genótipos selecionados mediante melhoramento clássico e os selecionados com melhoramento participativo houve apenas uma coincidência na seleção (G47) referente à sintomatologia, mas ao ser testado para estabilidade referente à doença, este genótipo apresentou alta inestabilidade no tempo, não se mostrando adequado para recomendação como variedade resistente. Dessa forma, novos estudos deverão ser desenvolvidos visando testar estes genótipos em outros ambientes.
Ginger is the most important and widely used spice in the world. Currently, the greater production of this crop is focused in the southern states of Brazil, where most of the production is destined for export. The generation of income and the maintenance of genetic variability of ginger are provided mainly by family farming. Therefore, with the objective to continue increasing genetic diversity of ginger and contribute with a rapid adoption of varieties with better yield, adapted to farmers\' fields characteristics, and resistance to the main disease of this crop (fusariosis), this work aimed at selecting ginger genotypes from the germplasm bank of ESALQ/USP with characteristics related to the priorities of the farmers from Caraguatatuba-Ubatuba Valley, presenting some level of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum. Therefore, this research was divided in two parts. First, a participatory breeding process was developed, where farmers helped to identify the priorities of selection in ginger, searching for features that are appropriate to their needs and to identify the symptoms of Fusarium by grading scale. In the second part, a selection was made of promising genotypes through evaluations in the field and in a greenhouse, through an analysis of genotype x environment interaction. Results showed that the farmers’ breeding priorities were resistance to diseases and pests, high income, stability in time, varieties that are able to meet sales requirements both in natura and industrialized, including ability to supply different market types. Among the genotypes evaluated by the farmers, the genotypes G7, G16, G20, G22, G29, G31, G33, G47, G49, G51, G53, G58, G61 and G66 were selected as being resistant and with promising agronomic characteristics. In the field and greenhouse evaluations, it was observed that from the 49 genotypes analyzed, genotype G47 showed the highest level of resistance, while G11, G23, G30, G43 and G64, and were identified as resistant genotypes. From these genotypes selected as resistant only G23 and G64 were promising, showing stability in resistance, production, tillers production, and qualitative traits of agronomic interest. Among the genotypes selected by classical breeding and those selected through participatory breeding, there was only one coincidence in the selection (G47) related to symptoms, but when tested for disease stability, it presented high instability in time, not being suitable for recommendation as a resistant variety. Thus, further studies should be developed aiming to test these genotypes in other environments.
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Aguiar, Alana Priscila Souza. "Ação in vitro do extrato glicólico de gengibre e medicamentos sobre Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli e sua endotoxina em canais radiculares /." São José dos Campos : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90389.

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Orientador: Marcia Carneiro Valera
Banca: Carlos Henrique Ribeiro Camargo
Banca: Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida Gomes
Resumo: A proposta desta pesquisa foi avaliar se o preparo biomecânico (PBM) com extrato glicólico de gengibre 20% e hipoclorito de sódio 2,5% (NaOCl), seguido da medicação intracanal com clorexidina gel 2%, hidróxido de cálcio, hidróxido de cálcio associado à clorexidina gel 2% são efetivos sobre Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli e sua endotoxina em canais radiculares.Foram utilizados 72 dentes humanos unirradiculados, divididos em 6 grupos experimentais (n= 12) de acordo com a solução irrigadora (gengibre 20% ou NaOCl 2,5%) utilizada no preparo biomecânico e medicação intracanal (hidróxido de cálcio + soro fisiológico; hidróxido de cálcio + clorexidina gel 2%; clorexidina gel 2%).Foram realizadas coletas do conteúdo do canal radicular para confirmação de contaminação (coleta de confirmação), imediatamente após a instrumentação (1ª coleta), após 7 dias do preparo biomecânico (2ª coleta), imediatamente após 14 dias da ação da medicação intracanal (3ª coleta) e 7 dias após remoção da medicação (4ª coleta). Para todas as coletas foram realizados os seguintes testes: a) avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana pela semeadura e contagem UFC/mL de cada microrganismo; b) análise do conteúdo de endotoxina verificada pelo teste lisado de amebócitos de Limulus. Todos os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância ANOVA, com nível de significância de 5%, e pelo teste de Dunn. Verifica-se que o NaOCl foi capaz de eliminar os microrganismos após PBM; O gengibre reduziu significantemente o número de bactérias e eliminou Candida albicans. As duas soluções irrigadoras (NaOCl e gengibre) reduziram significantemente endotoxinas mas não foram capazes de eliminá-las. As medicações intracanais foram eficazes na redução de microrganismos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The purpuse of this research was to evaluate the biomechanical preparation (PBM) with glycolic extract of ginger and 20% sodium hypochlorite 2.5% (NaOCl), followed by intracanal medication with 2% chlorhexidine gel, calcium hydroxide, hydroxide calcium associated with chlorhexidine gel 2% is effective on Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and endotoxin in root canals. Seventy two single-rooted human teeth was used and divided into 6 experimental groups (n = 12) according to the irrigating solution (ginger 20% or NaOCl 2.5%) used in the biomechanical preparation and intracanal medication (calcium hydroxide + saline, calcium hydroxide + 2% chlorhexidine gel, chlorhexidine gel 2%). Sampling was done of the contents of the root canal to confirm contamination (collect of confirmation), immediately after the instrumentation (1st collect), after 7 days of biomechanical preparation (2nd collect) and after 14 days of the action of intracanal medication (3rd collect) and 7 days after removal of the medication (4th collect ). For all collections were performed the following tests: a) evaluation of antimicrobial activity by sowing and counting CFU / mL of each microorganism b) analyzing the content of endotoxin checked the test of amebócitos of Limulus lysate. All results were submitted to analysis of variance ANOVA, with significance level of 5%, and the test of Dunn. It appears that the NaOCl was able to eliminate the microorganisms after PBM; The ginger significantly reduced the number of bacteria and Candida albicans eliminated. Both irrigating solutions (NaOCl and ginger) significantly reduced endotoxin but were unable to eliminate them. The intracanais medications were effective in the reduction of microorganisms, eliminating... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Prato, Tiago Sartorelli. "Influência da secagem sobre compostos medicinais e de pungência do gengibre /." São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90778.

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Resumo: O gengibre, rizoma da Zingiber Officinale Roscoe, é muito utilizado na alimentação por sua pungência e sabor característico, na fabricação de diversos produtos e bebidas e como ingrediente em preparados alimentícios in natura ou processado. Alguns dos principais compostos que contribuem para o aroma e a pungência do gengibre, gingeróis e shogaóis, são também responsáveis por algumas propriedades medicinais e terapêuticas. Este trabalho propôs-se investigar o processo de desidratação do gengibre fatiado quanto à influência da temperatura e vácuo sobre os compostos pungentes, principalmente o 6-gingerol e 6-shogaol e quanto à cinética de secagem em secador de bandejas sob convecção forçada. Para tanto, foram realizados ensaios em secador convencional de bandejas à pressão atmosférica e em secador sob vácuo com ar de secagem nas temperaturas de 50, 60 e 70ºC. Os dados obtidos permitiram a construção e a modelagem das curvas de secagem e o cálculo da taxa de secagem ao longo do processo. Amostras coletadas durante o processo foram analizadas por espectrofotometria direta e por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência para obter os perfis de concentração dos gingeróis totais, 6-gingerol e 6-shogaol. Os resultados mostraram a influência da temperatura do ar de secagem, com as mais altas atingindo umidades mais baixas do gengibre em períodos de tempo mais curtos e apresentando taxas de secagem iniciais constantes mais elevadas. Boa parte da secagem ocorreu sob taxa decrescente e com grandes contrações e encolhimentos. Os dados experimentais de umidade versus tempo foram melhor ajustados pelo modelo de Midilli et al. O teor de gingeróis totais no gengibre in natura variou de 4,88 a 6,83 mg (g-gengibre fresco) -1 , com perfis crescentes ao longo da secagem, enquanto o teor de 6-gingerol (pico de absorção à 278 nm e retenção 9,2 minutos) variou... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Ginger, rhizome from Zingiber Officinale Roscoe, is greatly appreciated by its pungency and characteristic flavor, as ingredient in food and beverage processing and in home cooking fresh or processed. Some of the main compounds which contributed to the aroma and pungency to ginger, gingerols and shogaols, are also responsible for some health and therapeutic properties. This research proposed to investigate the dehydration process of sliced ginger, the influence of temperature and vacuum on pungent compounds, mainly 6- gingerol and 6-shogaol, and to determine the drying kinetics in cabinet drier under forced air convection. Experiments were conduct in a conventional cabinet drier at atmospheric pressure and in a vacuum drier using air at temperatures of 50, 60 and 70ºC. Data obtained allowed the drying curves to be drawn and modeled, as well as to calculate the drying rate over the entire process. Samples collected during the process were analyzed by direct spectrophotometry and by high efficiency liquid chromatography, in order to get the concentration profile, respectively, of total gingerols, 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol. The results showed strong temperature effects on the drying process, with highest temperatures giving lowest moisture contents in shortest process times and presenting initial higher and constant drying rates. Most part of the drying time has occurred under falling drying rates and with noticeable contractions and shrinkage of the ginger slices. The experimental data of moisture as a function of drying time were best fitted to the four parameter model of Midilli et al. The total gingerols content in the fresh ginger varied from 4.88 to 6.83 mg (g-fresh ginger) -1 , with increasing profiles during drying, while the content of 6-gingerol (absorption peak at 278 nm and retention time 9.2 min) varied from 0.99 to 1.17 mg (g-ginger) -1 on drying under vacuum, with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Orientador: Roger Darros Barbosa
Coorientador: Mieko Kimura
Banca: Joel Fernando Nicoleti
Banca: José Antônio Gomes Vieira
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39

Sritoomma, Netchanok. "The Effectiveness of Swedish Massage with Aromatic Ginger Oil in Treating Chronic Low Back Pain in Older Adults: A Randomised Controlled Trial." Thesis, Griffith University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365714.

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Chronic low back pain is a common and major health issue, with a high rate of chronic low back pain (CLBP) in older adults. This pain has an impact on functioning, health-related quality of life and the cost of healthcare. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies have been employed to manage low back pain, with massage the most popular CAM therapy for this purpose. Swedish massage (SM) and Traditional Thai massage (TTM) appear to relieve lower back pain but their relative effectiveness has not been clearly established. In this study, an essential oil was used to prolong the effects of Swedish massage. Ginger is one of the most popular herbal remedies as it is used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic for musculoskeletal pain. However, no study has examined the use of aromatic ginger oil to treat CLBP, and there are also a number of limitations in the research design of reported massage and/or aromatic ginger oil studies. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Swedish massage with aromatic ginger oil (SMGO) in treating CLBP in older adults compared to TTM in terms of reduction of CLBP intensity, disability improvement, reduction of depression and improvement of quality of life among a group of 140 older people in Thailand experiencing CLBP.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Nursing and Midwifery
Griffith Health
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40

O'Malley, Donica. "Ginger Masculinities." 2015. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/288.

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This paper explores white American masculinity within the “ginger” phenomenon. To guide this study, I asked: How is racism conceptualized and understood within popular culture, as seen through discussions of whether or not gingerism constitutes racism? How do commenters respond or interact when their understandings of racism or explanations for gingerism are challenged by other commenters? And finally, what does the creation of and prejudice against/making fun of a “hyperwhite” masculine identity at this social/historical moment suggest about the current stability of the dominant white masculine identity? Through discourse analysis of online comments, I explored discussions of race, gender, and gingerism. The analysis covered 6,413 comments on 102 articles. I found that within discussions of race and gingerism, readers made use of varying definitions of race and racism. Different definitions led to conflations of racism, oppression, and bullying. Simplified and individualized definitions of race and racism also led to arguments that supported frameworks of reverse racism and post-racism. So-called discrimination against redheaded men was overall considered to be more serious than for women. These arguments were bound up in questions of the specificity of cultural contexts, and ethnic and national identities, particularly with regard to Irish and Scottish immigrant heritage in the United States and United Kingdom. Future work should continue to untangle ideas of race and physical appearance and ask how whiteness is understood and works within this context.
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Valle, Rodríguez Juan A. "Efecto de niveles de nitrógeno en el crecimiento y producción del jengibre (Zingiber officinale) en un suelo coto /." 2005. http://grad.uprm.edu/tesis/vallerodriguez.pdf.

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haw-yaw, young, and 楊皓耀. "Textural study on ginger and (6)-gingerol for HPLC analysis." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26176325714750004436.

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碩士
中國醫藥學院
中國藥學研究所
90
Ginger is often use in Taiwan market. It comes from the plant rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe. It has been record in ancient medicol book(PENTZOlGY)long time ago.From this book we can easy to know our ancister how to use it. We can easily determin (6)-gingerol by using HPLC analysis. In the codition of (282nm.1ml/sec.Pure water:methanol=40:60.Reverse phase).
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43

Stirling, Kristen Joy. "Environmental and cultural factors affecting the production of myoga (Zingiber mioga Roscoe) in Australia." Thesis, 2004. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/21704/1/whole_StirlingKristenJoy2005_thesis.pdf.

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Myoga (Zingiber mioga Roscoe) is a new vegetable crop in Australia, cultivated for its edible flower buds. Originating from Japan, the crop was introduced into Australia with the expectation that it could be produced over the summer months, with flower buds then exported to Japan, where they retail at a high out-of-season price. fudustry has identified a number of challenges to the successful commercialisation of this crop in Australia. The majority of these relate to cultural aspects ofmyoga production and manipulation of the growing environment to control crop performance, in particular, extension of harvest season. A lack of knowledge of the effect of environmental factors on the production of myoga flower buds has hampered initial efforts to successfully cultivate this crop in the Australia. Photoperiod was identified as a potentially important environmental factor affecting the production of myoga flower buds. A series of trials conducted within controlled environment cabinets determined that myoga had dual photoperiod requirements for successful flower bud production, with flower bud initiation having a quantitative short day requirement while flower bud development had a qualitative long day requirement. Differences in the critical daylength required for successful flower bud development in cultivar S and I myoga plants was identified as the reason why cultivar I plants senesced prematurely when field cultivated in Southern Australia. The critical daylength for flower bud development in cultivar S plants was determined to be approximately 13 hours, while cultivar I plants required a daylength closer to 14 hours. Low night temperatures were observed to interact with photoperiod, resulting in successful flower bud development in daylength conditions that at higher night temperatures would have been too short. From the results of these trials, photoperiod was deemed to be a crucial determinant of the location of future production sites and the timing of production seasons. Environmental factors affecting general plant growth and development were also deemed important areas of research, in particular the tolerance of myoga plants to strong light conditions. There have been reports of variations in the shade requirement of myoga plants grown in different climatic regions. This led to the hypothesis that these plants were susceptible to cold induced photoinhibition of photosynthesis. This was confirmed during a number of trials which used chlorophyll fluorescence techniques to investigate the function of photosynthetic systems within myoga plants when placed into stressful conditions. Exposure ofmyoga to light intensities greater than 750 µmol m-2 s-1 resulted in the engagement of photoprotective mechanisms to prevent photodamage occurring. Sensitivity to low temperatures meant that these plants became photoinhibited at far lower light intensities and the engagement of photoprotective mechanisms was sustained, when plants were exposed to low temperatures in conjunction with light. The acclimation of these plants to low temperature and the successful engagement of photoprotective systems within the photosystem indicate that myoga can cope with strong light intensities over a shortterm period. However exposure to strong light intensities at warm temperatures or moderate light intensities at low temperatures, for an extended period of time, is likely to result in permanent photodamage occurring. Additional cultural factors affecting commercial production of myoga flower buds were identified during the first two years of cultivation. At Albion Park, NSW it was determined that myoga plantings remaining in the ground for longer than one year did not require artificial chilling, and with correct management of vegetation could produce higher flower bud yields than first year plants. Production trials conducted in Rockhampton, QLD investigated the effect of daylength and temperature on flower bud production, and confirmed that myoga was well suited to cultivation in a subtropical environment provided due consideration was given to photoperiod and the potential need for artificial chilling. Recommendations based on the above research findings have already been adopted into commercial production protocols and as such many of the challenges to myoga production in Australia have now been successfully resolved.
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44

George, Leena. "The ginger economy of Kerala." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/3267.

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CHEN, JUN-YE, and 陳俊曄. "Studies on ginger oleoresin microcapsules." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29403718289931308316.

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46

Lin-Yi, Guo, and 郭麟逸. "Ginger extraction and functional analysis." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48s5ge.

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碩士
國立嘉義大學
生化科技學系研究所
107
Ginger is a Chinese herbal medicine that has hurricane, anemia, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic effects. Gingerol is a source of spicy taste in ginger. Shogaol is the product of dehydration of gingerol. Shogoal has cholesterol-lowering effect, blood circulation promotion and immunity enhancement. In this experiment, non-extracted ginger solution (NS) was used as the control group, and no extraction heating for one hour (N1), extraction heating for one hour (S1), extraction heating for two hours (S2), and extraction heating for four hours (S4) as experiments group. DPPH clearance rate is 93 % (NS is 78 %). The total phenol content waS16 mg/g better thaN10 mg/g of NS. In the MTT assay, different concentrations of S1 were added to the TSGH-9201 cells, and it was found that only 55 % of the cell viability remained under the effect of 5 % S1. S1 and 5-FU alone or in combination could markedly suppress the proliferation of TSGH cells in a significant dose-dependent manner, and seemingly result from augmentation of p38 signaling. In animal experiments, the liver tissue particles of the experimental group were smaller than the control group, and the color was also closer to that of the normal mice. In the blood component test, the concentration of GOT, GPT, Triglyceride, and total cholesterol was lower in the experimental group that treated with ginger extract.
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47

CHI, CHENG-CHUNG, and 紀程中. "Extraction of 6-Gingerol from Ginger by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Antioxidant Activity Analysis." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ng5a4p.

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48

Tsai, Pei-Ti, and 蔡珮緹. "Ginger Duck in Taiwan:Culture and Industry." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39225462112650922327.

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碩士
國立高雄師範大學
台灣歷史文化及語言研究所
103
In contemporary Taiwan, ginger duck has been regarded as a symbol for winter dietary supplementation. But readers can hardly find historical documents concerning ginger duck while longan rice cake, steamed chicken with eight ingredients and Angelica mutton soup are repeatedly mentioned in related articles. Indeed, it was not until 1968 that ginger duck was reported in Economic Daily News. In less than fifty years, ginger duck restaurants has been opened around Taiwan and have braches overseas. This is the core issue that the following discussion will focus on. To clarify the transition of ginger duck from a culture to an industry, this article focused on six directions below : (1)The role of ginger duck in traditional dietetic culture (2) The turning point of commercialization and industrialization of ginger duck and characters which lead to its success (3)The mediator of dietetic culture in the industrialization of ginger duck (4)The current situation of the ginger duck industry (5)The difficulties and the achievements of ginger duck industry (6)The feedback and fertilization of contemporary ginger duck industry and traditional ginger duck dietetic culture. In conclusion, the author has two research findings. First, the success of the ginger duck industry can be attributed not only to the branding which owners of restaurants made but to social transformation and increasing popularity of eating out in Taiwan. Moreover, owners of ginger duck restaurants created a brand new style of cooking ginger duck which contains Chinese herbs. Therefore, ginger duck became a kind of herbal cuisine and industrializes as cultural mediators make endeavors to promote it. With a variety of factors, herbal ginger duck replaces traditional ginger duck which is only regarded as a dietary supplementation. Secondly, ginger duck restaurants are available all around Taiwan nowadays; at the same time, consumers in Taiwan can purchase retort pouches at convenience stores or from wholesalers to cook the poultry dish at home.Since 1993, several famous ginger duck restaurants from Taiwan have opened their branches in mainland China. Interestingly, ginger duck restaurants have developed different cultures in Taiwan and in mainland China. Ginger duck in Taiwan still has lots to do with traditional dietary supplementation while ginger duck is a style of hot pot in mainland China. Ginger duck restaurants in Taiwan often assert that ginger duck was provided as a dietary supplementation for emperors in ancient time. And to residents in mainland China, ginger duck is just cuisine from Taiwan. On the whole, ginger duck industry not only changes the cooking methods of ginger duck but also makes ginger duck become a shared memory of Taiwanese and a leading role of dietary supplementation culture in Taiwan.Therefore, by analyzing the current situation and process of ginger duck industry, the author concluded that the power of a culture can be seen as an important factor in developments of industrialization. At the same time, a prosperous industry also cultivates new cultures. To sum up, cultures and industries interact as both cause and effect.
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Wong, Ka-In, and 黃嘉賢. "Development of instant ginger milk curd." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22107NCHU5253011%22.&searchmode=basic.

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碩士
國立中興大學
食品暨應用生物科技學系所
107
Ginger milk curd is a traditional dessert of the southern China. It is made of hot milk mixed with fresh ginger juice to form a gel product with a smooth texture. Procedures for making ginger milk curd are complicated. Time and temperaturecontrol are crucial for successful coagulation. However, most instant ginger milk curd products on the market use glucono-lactone to promote the coagulation, not by the native enzyme. In this study we develop an instant ginger milk curd with two pack of powder for reproducing the traditional procedures. Freeze dried ginger powder is one pack with active ginger protease, milk powder and isomaltooligosacchairde in another pack are dissolved in water respectively. Parameters such as enzyme activity, solid content from milk powder, temperature and time were evaluated by physical properties and sensory evaluation. Results suggest the best parameters are 0.48 g ginger powder in 4.8 mL water for first cup, and 24 g milk powder with 12g isomaltooligosacchairde in 150 mL water for second cup. The second cup was heat by microwave with 800 watts for 50 seconds to achieve the optiml reaction temperature for enzyme. Temperature of solution (75 oC) is confirmed by the thermos-sensing paint on the surface of cup. Hot milk is poured into reconstituted ginger juice to reproduce the traditional procedures. Coagulation is accomplished in 3 minutes. Developed instant ginger milk curd keeps the spirit of traditional style and provides unprecedented convenience. The positive responses in sensory evaluation show the potential of the product.
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Wang, Han-Yang, and 王瀚揚. "Studies on the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction process of ginger and formation of 6-Shogaol in ginger oil." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41362871993355487367.

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碩士
國立屏東科技大學
食品科學系所
97
Ginger (Zingiber officinalis Roscoe), one of the most widely used species, is a common condiment for various foods and beverages. Ginger oleoresin contains potent anti-inflammatory activities, in which 6-Gingerol is a major compound. 6-Shogaol is formed from dehydrated 6-Gingerol which has more effects on anti-inflammatory. The technique has been successfully applied to extract a variety of functional compounds from herbs and other plants. Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid is inert, inexpensive, easily available, odorless, tasteless and environment friendly. The results of this work showed that the drying temperatures between 40~70°C had no significant effect of changing 6-Gingerol into 6-Shogaol. Sunlight also shows no effective change from 6-Gingerol to 6-Shogaol. High temperature would cause starch gelatinization. Gelatinized starch might affect extraction process and product lower yield of ginger oil. The result showed that the starch has been gelatinized under 80°C. Optimum extraction conditions for obtaining most amount of ginger oil were obtained by Taguchi method as follows: pressure 3500 psi, temperature 60°C, dynamic extraction time 90 min, powder size &lt; 595 μm. The results of LC-MS analysis indicates that 6-Gingerol and 6-Shogaol exist in the ginger oil which had been heated under high temperature. All of 6-Gingerol would be completely dehydrated and produce more 6-Shogaol while heating ginger oil at 250°C for 10 min is the best conditions for the conversion of 6-Gingerol into 6-Shogaol.
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