Journal articles: 'Gillman Region Water quality management'

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singha, Sumeru. "WATER QUALITY AND SECURITY." International journal of multidisciplinary advanced scientific research and innovation 2, no. 3 (March 4, 2022): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.53633/ijmasri.2022.2.3.001.

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Water security has been defined as "the reliable availability of an acceptable quantity and quality of water for health, livelihoods and production, coupled with an acceptable level of water-related risks" It is realized to the degree that water scarcity is non-existent, or has been decreased or eliminated, and to the degree that floods and contamination of freshwater supplies are non-threatening. Water security is considered to be a necessity of sustainable development for its importance in the quality of life of the people in a region. Sustainable development would result in lowered poverty and increased living standards for those most susceptible to the impacts of insecure water resources in the region, especially women and children. By clearly defining the responsibilities and control over water management for high usage sectors in terms of finance, planning, agriculture, energy, industry, and health, development may progress to the point of sustainable living for all. Keywords: Water quality, security, scarcity, water conservation, contamination, floods

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Extence, C. A., and A. J. D. Ferguson. "Aquatic invertebrate surveys as a water quality management tool in the Anglian Water region." Regulated Rivers: Research & Management 4, no. 2 (July 1989): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rrr.3450040206.

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Fazel, Hesham K., Sayeda M. Abdo, Atiah Althaqafi, Saad H. Eldosari, Bao-Ku Zhu, and Hosam M. Safaa. "View of Saudi Arabia Strategy for Water Resources Management at Bishah, Aseer Southern Region Water Assessment." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (April 1, 2022): 4198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14074198.

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Water quality management is critical for the preservation of freshwater resources in semi-arid and arid areas, which are necessary for long-term development. Local authorities and water resource managers can allocate resources for potable or agricultural needs based on the quality of water in various places. A total of 14 water samples were collected and examined in this study. Microbiological, chemical and physical analyses were considered as important indicators for assessing water quality. Physical, chemical, and microbiological data were measured and evaluated as essential markers for determining water quality. A comparison was made between these characteristics and the King Saudi Water Standard (GSO149/2014). According to the findings, results of infiltration pond and Tabla Dam manifest the anthropogenic activities and natural influences of the greatest impact on water quality. Therefore, a reliable assessment approach for assessing water quality is very important for decision makers and for constructing sustainable development plans.

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Sinha, Kaustub, Devesh Kumar Srivastava, and Roheet Bhatnagar. "Water Quality Management through Data Driven Intelligence System in Barmer Region, Rajasthan." Procedia Computer Science 132 (2018): 314–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.05.183.

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Baldwin, C. L. "Water Quality and Management in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0062.

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Use of the Great Barrier Reef Region for tourism, the economic value of Reef tourism to Queensland, and the value placed by society on natural settings has been increasing rapidly during the 1980's. The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority has the role of providing for reasonable use of this valuable resource. The concern for reefal water quality is discussed in terms of enhanced nutrient levels in the inshore GBR and the low tolerance of corals to nutrients. Findings of a recent Workshop on Nutrients in the Great Barrier Reef Region are described. This paper summarises the Authority's role in ensuring information exchange, appropriate research, and management in the area of water quality management and tourism.

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Sukop, Ivo. "Influence of water management in lowland region of the Dyje River on water biocoenoses." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 58, no. 4 (2010): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201058040269.

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This work contains the results of influence of water management in lowland region of the Dyje River on water biocenoses. Research was carried out in 1977–1984, when building of the three reservoirs were started. The effect of the newly built reservoirs on the biocoenoses of the reach immediately below it was mainly beneficial. Before the reservoir near Nové Mlýny was bulit, the fish population of the Dyje River was regularly threatened by poor water quality. After completion of the three reservoirs in 1989 the pollution brought by the Dyje River was largely removed by the purification processes in the reservoirs, so that the Dyje River became cleaner than it was. The better trophic conditions and water quality downstream of the reservoirs were reflected in increased fish catches and higher fish weights. The newly built fish passes make possible migration of rare fish species from the Danube River as far as to reservoirs the Nové Mlýny.

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House, M. A., and J. B. Ellis. "The Development of Water Quality Indices for Operational Management." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 9 (September 1, 1987): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0076.

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The derivation, structure and application of a Water Quality Index (WQI) for the classification of surface water quality is discussed and the efficiency of the developed WQI is compared with the standard UK classification system of the National Water Council (NWC).The general WQI is developed through the objective and rigorous selection, transformation and weighting of determinands with rating curves based on legal standards and quality directives or guidelines. Three further indices intended for potable supplies and evaluation of toxicity are also discussed. The utility of the developed index for operational management is demonstrated by a comparative study with the NWC classification for a number of rivers in the Greater London region. The flexibility and advantages of a WQI approach in providing potential cost benefit/assessments for water quality on both temporal and spatial scales are also highlighted.

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Kharina, G. V., L. V. Alyoshina, S. V. Anakhov, and O. V. Inzhevatova. "Monitoring drinking water quality in the Sverdlovsk region of Russia." Water and Ecology 25, no. 1 (March 2020): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/2305-3488.2020.25.1.63-73.

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Parparov, Arkadi, and K. David Hambright. "A Proposed Framework for the Management of Water Quality in Arid-Region Lakes." Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie 81, no. 3 (1996): 435–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iroh.19960810313.

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Pond, Katherine R., Aidan A. Cronin, and Steve Pedley. "Recreational water quality in the Caspian Sea." Journal of Water and Health 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2005): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2005.0013.

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Health-based monitoring of the Caspian Sea in Turkmenistan and Iran suggests that bathers are intermittently subject to increased levels of faecal pollution which may lead to gastrointestinal illness. This is the first co-ordinated monitoring programme of recreational waters in the Caspian region and highlights the need to extend such a programme to all countries bordering the Caspian Sea. The novel approach of monitoring that combines risk assessment (water quality monitoring plus a sanitary survey) and risk management, as applied here, allows the identification of possible sources of pollution and the levels of microbiological risk that bathers are subject to. Hence, this allows suitable management interventions to be identified and implemented in the long term.

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Park, Jae Hong, Jichul Ryu, Dong Seok Shin, and Jae Kwan Lee. "Methodology for Determining the Key Factors for Non-Point Source Management." Water 11, no. 7 (July 5, 2019): 1381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11071381.

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Due to the growing significance of water quality degradation by non-point source (NPS) pollution, regions in which NPS management is required should be designated as the management areas. Relevant management measures should be established to control water quality items related to degradation. It is advantageous that the area where the water environment is negatively affected by NPS is provided with legal grounds for NPS management, namely the designation of an NPS management area. This is because if it is designated as an NPS management area, the government can support the budget necessary for the installation of non-point pollution reduction facilities. In order to effectively utilize the limited budget, it is necessary to select and concentrate the area that should be managed first in the NPS management area. For the efficiency of the NPS pollution management within a management region, priority locations or key management sub-regions should be determined to implement differential management plans. Also, in selecting priority management regions, evaluation factors that can reflect the effects of NPS, such as the water quality target excess ratio in the mid-level region (or the total maximum daily load (TMDL) management) which includes the target region (low-level region), the NPS load in land, and non-permeable area ratio, should be quantified and the management order should be defined. Since NPS has local characteristics, the management items should be determined based on turbidity, suspended solid (SS), or total phosphorus (TP) that affect the local water quality. When the water environment is polluted due to non-point pollutants, various materials such as turbidity, SS, TP, Escherichia coli, and heavy metals can be set as management items according to local characteristics. However, the most important items to be managed are turbidity, SS, and TP, because if the solid (SS) is present in the water, which is highly turbid and does not sink easily, people can feel unpleasant and feel that the water is not clean, even if they do not analyze the water quality. In addition, in the case of TP, nutrients accumulated in the land are introduced into the river by rainfall, causing eutrophication. People feel uncomfortable because it changes the water color. Other pollutants can only be found to be contaminated after water quality analysis is performed. The water quality target of the management items should be set realistically, based on the situation of the watershed by considering the watershed model, management flow, NPS pollutant reduction plan, the river flow in the management area, and load. All these reflect the characteristics of the region. To evaluate whether the water quality target is achieved after NPS management, a method similar to the one to set the water quality target should be used to review the performance of the management plan. This study introduces specific examples of key factors in establishing an NPS management plan, including consideration factors and methods for the designation of NPS management regions, consideration factors and the selection method for key management areas within a management region, the selection method of management items, the selection method of the water quality target, and an evaluation method of the water quality target.

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Chirica, Ștefania, Alexandru-Lucian Luca, and Iustina Lateș. "Considerations on Drinking Water Management in the Moldavian Plateau and Plain Region." Present Environment and Sustainable Development 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pesd-2018-0011.

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Abstract The Moldavian Plateau and Plain have few drinking water sources (the case of Iaşi and Vaslui Counties). The main type of fresh water sources are groundwater and surface water. The Moldavian Plateau rural settlements are affected the most by the lack of viable, unpolluted water sources to ensure a volume able to cover the consumers’ demand. The pollution phenomenon induced by the non-availability of rural sewerage systems and also by the settlements’ areas foundation rocks have decreased the groundwater and surface water sources quality parameters. The adduction, transport and distribution networks of water supply systems are affected by the „water loss“ phenomenon. Water management in a transmission and distribution network must correlate the number of water sources, available volume, acceptable quality parameters and inherent water losses from networks with the consumers’ demands. The optimisation of water management in a given geographic space has led to the establishment of „regional water supply systems“. This process relies on the minimisation of water losses. The case study carried out in Iaşi County shows the importance of the regional water supply system development through optimal exploitation of Moldavian Plateau and Plain water sources.

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Drozdenko, T. V., and A. A. Volgusheva. "Phytoplankton and water quality of Lake Kuchane (Pskov region, Russia)." Povolzhskiy Journal of Ecology, no. 3 (November 23, 2021): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.35885/1684-7318-2021-3-251-261.

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The phytoplankton communities of Lake Kuchane, located in the Mikhailovskoye Museum-Reserve, were studied during different 2016–2017 seasons for the first time. 213 specific and intraspecific taxa from 9 phylums were identified in the phytoplankton, namely: Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta, Euglenophyta, Cyanobacteria, Dinophyta, Cryptophyta, Charophyta, and Xanthophyta. The ratio of the main phylums of microalgae during the studied seasons was similar. The floristic complex of the lake's algoflora consisted of diatoms (36.6%), green (27.2%) and golden (10.8%) algae. Most of the phytoplankton genera contained one species taxon only. The specific composition of the phytoplankton community in 2017 was similar from spring to autumn. The minimum specific similarity of the phytoplankton communities was noted in July, 2016, and August, 2017. According to the level of biomass of planktonic algae, the lake belongs to oligotrophic water bodies. The planktonic algoflora of Lake Kuchane is characterized by the predominance of cosmopolitan freshwater forms of microalgae. In relation to pH, the predominant representatives preferred slightly alkaline waters. The Milius trophic index varied in the range 18.0–39.6 with a maximum value in summer. The Pantle–Bukk saprobity index almost did not change during the entire study. The waters of Lake Kuchane corresponded to the betamesosaprobic self-purification zone, quality class III.

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Porchelvi, R. Sophia, and P. Selvavathi. "An Assessment of Drinking Water Quality in Cauvery Delta Region and Palar Region, Tamil Nadu." Scholedge International Journal of Multidisciplinary & Allied Studies ISSN 2394-336X 3, no. 12 (April 2, 2017): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.19085/journal.sijmas031201.

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Delta regions of the Cauvery River basin are one of the significant areas of rice production in India. In spite of large-scale utilization of the river basin for irrigation and drinking purposes, the lack of appropriate water management has seemingly deteriorated the water quality due to increasing anthropogenic activities. Vellore is the second most populous district of Tamil Nadu in India where the Palar River flowing towards east for about 295 Km. Vellore is surrounded by many leather tanneries and small scale dying industries and their effluents are discharged into the Palar river causing impact on the quality of the underground water. To assess the extent of deterioration, physicochemical characteristics of surface water were analyzed select regions of Cauvery Delta River basin and Palar region, Tamil Nadu, during March 2016 to May 2016. This study aimed to examine quality of drinking groundwater. The results represented whether the water was suitable or unsuitable for drinking purposes in this area. It was also observed that some areas like Tiruvarur, Needamangalam, Kamalapuram, Arcot, Soraiyur, Ranipet had low quality drinking water. It is suggested to take some necessary measures for supplying desirable water to the people living in these areas.

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Kapp, J. F., A. P. M. Fijen, and F. van Zyl. "Towards a Water Management Strategy for an environmentally sensitive and popular tourist region." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 5-6 (September 1, 1995): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0615.

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This paper describes the development and implementation of an Integrated Water Management Strategy for the catchment of the Wilderness Lakes in the Southern Cape, South Africa. The area is a popular tourist destination due to its environmental variety and scenic beauty. The main land uses in the catchment are: agriculture, forestry, tourism, residential settlement and the natural environment. These land uses compete for a share of the available water resources and have different water quality demands, while at the same time each has an impact on the water quality and quantity and also on other land uses. The water management strategy developed for Wilderness aimed at the responsible management and fair distribution of the available water resources (both quantity and quality) and on the sustainable use of these resources, taking full cognisance of the wishes and opinions of all interest groups in the area. The natural environment played a very important role in the development of the strategy and it was found that a more natural management of the estuary mouth would assist in maintaining the natural characteristics of the Wilderness system. The paper also addresses the structures and management body proposed to implement the Water Management Strategy.

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Eberhard, Rachel, Catherine J. Robinson, Jane Waterhouse, John Parslow, Barry Hart, Rodger Grayson, and Bruce Taylor. "Adaptive management for water quality planning - from theory to practice." Marine and Freshwater Research 60, no. 11 (2009): 1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08347.

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Adaptive management has been promoted as a structured approach to learning in response to the uncertainty associated with managing complex systems. We developed and tested a protocol to guide an adaptive approach to water quality management in north-eastern Australia. The protocol articulates a framework for documenting uncertainties and performance expectations, negotiating feedback and anticipating iterative and transformative responses to future scenarios. A Water Quality Improvement Plan developed for the Tully–Murray catchment in the Great Barrier Reef region was used to test the protocol and three benefits of its use were identified. First, developing rigorous and timely monitoring and evaluation ensures that opportunities for iterative planning are realised. Second, anticipating future endogenous or exogenous changes to the plan enables the early initiation of actions to inform transformative planning responses. Finally, the protocol exposed the need to coordinate multi-scalar responses to tackle environmental knowledge and management uncertainties and assumptions. The protocol seeks to provide a practical translation of adaptive planning theory that will enable the benefits of adaptive management to be realised on the ground.

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Lynam, Tim, John Drewry, Will Higham, and Carl Mitchell. "Adaptive modelling for adaptive water quality management in the Great Barrier Reef region, Australia." Environmental Modelling & Software 25, no. 11 (November 2010): 1291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2009.09.013.

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Toller, Simone, Beatrice M. S. Giambastiani, Nicolas Greggio, Marco Antonellini, Ivo Vasumini, and Enrico Dinelli. "Assessment of Seasonal Changes in Water Chemistry of the Ridracoli Water Reservoir (Italy): Implications for Water Management." Water 12, no. 2 (February 20, 2020): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12020581.

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The Ridracoli artificial basin is the main water reservoir of the Emilia-Romagna region (Northeast Italy). The reservoir was made by construction of a dam on the Bidente River in 1982. It is used as the main drinking water supply of the region and for hydropower production. The physical and chemical parameterseters (temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, and dissolved oxygen) of shallow water are continuously monitored whereas vertical depth profiles of water chemical data (major anions and cations, as well as heavy metals) are available on a bimonthly base. The dataset used in this research is related to the years 2015 and 2016. Data show that the reservoir is affected by an alternation of water stratification and mixing processes due to seasonal change in water temperature, density, and the reservoir water level. In late summer and winter months, the water column is stratified with anoxic conditions at the bottom. During the spring, on the other hand, when storage is at its maximum, water recirculation and mixing occur. The reservoir is characterized by a dynamic system in which precipitation, dissolution, and adsorption processes at the bottom affect water quality along the reservoir depth column. The temperature stratification and anoxic conditions at the reservoir bottom influence the concentration and mobility of some heavy metals (i.e., Fe and Mn) and, consequently, the quality of water that reaches the treatment and purification plant. This study is relevant for water resource management of the reservoir. Assessing the seasonal changes in water quality along the reservoir water column depth is fundamental to plan water treatment operations and optimize their costs. The reservoir assessment allows one to identify countermeasures to avoid or overcome the high concentrations of heavy metals and the stratification problem (i.e., artificial mixing of the water column, new water intakes at different depths operating at different times of the year, blowers, etc.).

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Dimri, Deepika, Achlesh Daverey, Ambika Kumar, and Archana Sharma. "Monitoring water quality of River Ganga using multivariate techniques and WQI (Water Quality Index) in Western Himalayan region of Uttarakhand, India." Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management 15 (May 2021): 100375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2020.100375.

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Тюрина, И. А., Я. И. Лебедь-Шарлевич, and Е. С. Манаева. "Legislation of the countries of the European Region on the drinking water quality management (overview)." Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaia tehnika, no. 10 (October 15, 2022): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35776/vst.2022.10.02.

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Качественная питьевая вода является залогом здоровья и благополучия населения. Формирование требований к водоподготовке способствует обеспечению качества и безопасности питьевой воды. Проведен обзор основных подходов законодательного регулирования и нормативно-правовой базы в области обеспечения качества питьевой воды в странах Европейского региона. Рассмотрены требования к качеству питьевой воды, реагентам, материалам и оборудованию, применяемым в системах питьевого водоснабжения, а также требования к их сертификации в странах Европейского союза и России. Отмечено, что, несмотря на наличие национальных нормативов и стандартов, происходит гармонизация требований, предъявляемых к продукции для питьевого водоснабжения, в рамках крупных объединений государств (Европейский союз и Евразийский экономический союз). High-quality drinking water has been a guarantee of the health and well-being of the population. Formation of the requirements to the water treatment contributes to ensuring the quality and safety of drinking water. A review of the main approaches of the legislative regulation and the legal framework in the field of drinking water quality assurance in the countries of the European Region was carried out. The requirements to the quality of drinking water, chemicals, materials and equipment used in drinking water supply systems, as well as the requirements to their certification in the EU countries and Russia are considered. It is noted that, despite the availability of the national regulations and standards, a harmonization of the requirements to the products for drinking water supply is taking place within the framework of large associations of states (the European Union and the Eurasian Economic Union).

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Lufingo, Mesia. "Public Water Supply and Sanitation Authorities for Strategic Sustainable Domestic Water Management. A Case of Iringa Region In Tanzania." J 2, no. 4 (October 18, 2019): 449–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/j2040029.

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Water supply is a mandatory service for the majority from respective legal public water utilities, and its sustainability reflects implementations of best management strategies at a local level. The objectives of this study were (i) to assess current approaches used in water quality and quantity management and (ii) propose a sustainable domestic water management strategy. This was achieved through secondary water data trends, on-site water quality assessments, visits of water supply and sanitation authorities, and assessment of their performances. It was observed that water supplied in rural-based authorities was quite different from that supplied in an urban setting as far as quality and quantity are concerned; urban-based supplies are more affordable to users than rural ones. A new strategy on water management is presented for sustainable water supply; it is based on controlling groundwater abstractions and preference of surface water in public water supplies. Rural water supply management must learn several practices realized in urban supplies for the betterment of services for the majority of the users.

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Liu, J., Y. P. Li, and G. H. Huang. "Mathematical Modeling for Water Quality Management under Interval and Fuzzy Uncertainties." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/731568.

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In this study, an interval fuzzy credibility-constrained programming (IFCP) method is developed for river water quality management. IFCP is derived from incorporating techniques of fuzzy credibility-constrained programming (FCP) and interval-parameter programming (IPP) within a general optimization framework. IFCP is capable of tackling uncertainties presented as interval numbers and possibility distributions as well as analyzing the reliability of satisfying (or the risk of violating) system’s constraints. A real-world case for water quality management planning of the Xiangxi River in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (which faces severe water quality problems due to pollution from point and nonpoint sources) is then conducted for demonstrating the applicability of the developed method. The results demonstrate that high biological oxygen demand (BOD) discharge is observed at the Baishahe chemical plant and Gufu wastewater treatment plant. For nonpoint sources, crop farming generates large amounts of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN). The results are helpful for managers in not only making decisions of effluent discharges from point and nonpoint sources but also gaining insight into the tradeoff between system benefit and environmental requirement.

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Rajankar, P. N., S. R. Gulhane, D. H. Tambekar, D. S. Ramteke, and S. R. Wate. "Water Quality Assessment of Groundwater Resources in Nagpur Region (India) Based on WQI." E-Journal of Chemistry 6, no. 3 (2009): 905–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/971242.

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Water quality index (WQI) has been calculated for different groundwater sourcesi.e. dug wells, bore wells and tube wells at Khaperkheda region, Maharashtra (India). Twenty two different sites were selected in post monsoon, winter and summer season. And water quality index was calculated using water quality index calculator given by National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) information system. The calculated WQI showed fair water quality rating in post monsoon season which then changed to medium in summer and winter seasons for dug wells, but the bore wells and hand pumps showed medium water quality rating in all seasons where the quality was slightly differs in summer and winter season than post monsoon season, so the reasons to import water quality change and measures to be taken up in terms of groundwater quality management are required.

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Peterson, Heidi, and Tom Bruulsema. "Sustainable Phosphorus Management: Defining 4R Practices." Better Crops with Plant Food 103, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24047/bc103154.

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Sustainability assurance programs seek clear definitions of 4R phosphorus practices that support continued improvement in both water quality and crop yields. Increasing phosphorus use efficiency is not enough. Site-specific practices addressing region-specific challenges are required.

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Somlyody, L. "Quo vadis water quality management in central and eastern Europe?" Water Science and Technology 30, no. 5 (September 1, 1994): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0219.

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Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries are going through unique political, economic, institutional, and social changes associated with the heritage of serious pollution problems from the past. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the water quality management strategies CEE countries may take including the rationale of introducing Western policies in the short run. The policy to be selected must be viable under the existing pressing financial conditions and should feasibly be expanded towards a long-term sustainable scenario as economy improves. As a basis the present economic, social, and institutional setting is outlined, and the state of water quality and the role of emissions of various origins are summarized. A special focus is devoted to municipalities with low and unbalanced levels of infrastructure; the development of these infrastructures could be aburden even for stable economies. An overview and evaluation are given for the water supply, sewerage, and wastewater treatment for urban areas with populations greater than 25,000 in five countries of the CEE region together with a discussion of legislation issues. Major elements of cost-effective development strategies are discussed and illustrated by examples. They incorporate improved demand management and the closing of material cycles, the upgrading of wastewater treatment facilities to match the level of sewerage, the application of regionally variable effluent (and/or ambient) water quality standards and their gradual tightening based on a river basin approach, the innovative selection of combined chemical-biological technologies (for both upgrading and new design) depending on local conditions and the multi-stage development of wastewater treatment plants. The policy suggested for the next couple of decades is characterized by a number of non-uniformities which raises considerable implementation challenges.

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Kamble, Sachin G. "Sustainable and Integrated Water Supply Management at North Shivaji Nagar, Sangli." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 12 (December 31, 2022): 966–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.48063.

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Abstract: Water being important part of life or we can say a most needed element for survival. Over the decades water has been treated wisely, people are getting careless for using water. Now due to changing climate the rainfall has been reducing and due to decreasing water table many regions is facing scarcity of water. Even in our region i.e. Sangli region many areas are under scarcity of water, Low quality of water, in time water supply etc. To overcome such situations there is need to take initial regarding sustainable & integrated water supply. This study and research emphasis on integrating water management and supply system and will help to overcome the scarcity of water during months of year.

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Yerel, Suheyla. "Water Quality Assessment of Porsuk River, Turkey." E-Journal of Chemistry 7, no. 2 (2010): 593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/438180.

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The surface water quality of Porsuk River in Turkey was evaluated by using the multivariate statistical techniques including principal component analysis, factor analysis and cluster analysis. When principal component analysis and factor analysis as applied to the surface water quality data obtain from the eleven different observation stations, three factors were determined, which were responsible from the 66.88% of total variance of the surface water quality in Porsuk River. Cluster analysis grouped eleven observation stations into two clusters under the similarity of surface water quality parameters. Based on the locations of the observation stations and variable concentrations at these stations, it was concluded that urban, industrial and agricultural discharge strongly affected east part of the region. Finally, this study shows that the usefulness of multivariate statistical techniques for analysis and interpretation of datasets and determination pollution factors for river water quality management.

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Cheng, Peixuan, Fansheng Meng, Yeyao Wang, Lingsong Zhang, Qi Yang, and Mingcen Jiang. "The Impacts of Land Use Patterns on Water Quality in a Trans-Boundary River Basin in Northeast China Based on Eco-Functional Regionalization." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 9 (August 29, 2018): 1872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091872.

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The relationships between land use patterns and water quality in trans-boundary watersheds remain elusive due to the heterogeneous natural environment. We assess the impact of land use patterns on water quality at different eco-functional regions in the Songhua River basin during two hydrological seasons in 2016. The partial least square regression indicated that agricultural activities associated with most water quality pollutants in the region with a relative higher runoff depth and lower altitude. Intensive grazing had negative impacts on water quality in plain areas with low runoff depth. Forest was related negatively with degraded water quality in mountainous high flow region. Patch density and edge density had major impacts on water quality contaminants especially in mountainous high flow region; Contagion was related with non-point source pollutants in mountainous normal flow region; landscape shape index was an effective indicator for anions in some eco-regions in high flow season; Shannon’s diversity index contributed to degraded water quality in each eco-region, indicating the variation of landscape heterogeneity influenced water quality regardless of natural environment. The results provide a regional based approach of identifying the impact of land use patterns on water quality in order to improve water pollution control and land use management.

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Grayman, W. M., H. J. Day, and R. Luken. "Regional water quality management for the Dong Nai River Basin, Vietnam." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 10 (November 1, 2003): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0528.

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A three-year study that started solely as an industrial pollution reduction effort in Dong Nai Province of Vietnam expanded into an ongoing regional river basin water quality management effort. The project was a cooperative effort between the United Nations (UNDP and UNIDO) and the Federal and Provincial governments in Vietnam. A comprehensive approach was used to assess the impacts and strategies for reducing industrial, municipal and agricultural pollution to the water, air and land. The strategy was based upon use of knowledge in four subject areas, economics, ecology, technology and institutions, integrated within a framework for regional environmental quality management, sometimes called Areawide Environmental Quality Management (AEQM). Dong Nai Province encompasses a major developing area immediately north of Ho Chi Minh City. The land area chosen for the AEQM study is the 1,400 square kilometre region in and around Bien Hoa that drains into the Dong Nai River. The Dong Nai River serves many purposes including navigation, fisheries and a water supply for both the Province and Ho Chi Minh City. Extensive industrial and residential development was underway and was projected to increase in the coming decade. A strategy for the control of pollution from liquid, gaseous and solid wastes for the period 1998 to 2010 in Dong Nai Province was developed.

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Zeng, X. T., Y. P. Li, G. H. Huang, and J. Liu. "Modeling of Water Resources Allocation and Water Quality Management for Supporting Regional Sustainability under Uncertainty in an Arid Region." Water Resources Management 31, no. 12 (May 30, 2017): 3699–721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-017-1696-4.

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Shimko, T. G., V. L. Voronin, M. A. Tsarev, and O. A. Brel. "Strategic water resources management of Kuzbass." Russian Journal of Industrial Economics 13, no. 3 (September 27, 2020): 366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2020-3-366-374.

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Efficient water resources management is the most important environmental priority of Kuzbass development strategy up to 2035. The priority is aimed at providing people with high-quality fresh water, protecting water supply sources from pollution and maintaining strategic security of water sources. Secure natural water supply can be maintained by creating efficient water resources management framework in the region. The author establishes the tasks which are essential for the priority’s realization. The main ones include building up a unified system of management of Kuzbass surface water and groundwater, implementation of efficient system of monitoring the state of water resources, development of the regional renewable hydrogeological pattern which will allow making reasonable managerial decisions. It is suggested to accumulate the functions of controlling and managing the surface water and groundwater resources in one Centre under the Government of Kuzbass to fulfill the tasks stated. The system of monitoring water pollution must be the key function of strategic management. The author suggests a scheme of a unified net of monitoring water resources that will be the basis for operative and efficient management of this important life support area. Fulfillment of the tasks stated will provide the opportunity for systemic assessment of ecological damage to natural waters and for determining the areas demanding immediate attention and restoration. They should become the basis for developing measures and project decisions on water resources restoration and protection from pollution and rehabilitation of polluted areas. As a result of the priority’s realization people will be provided with fresh water which is the essential condition of the decent quality of life.

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Benmhammed, Ayoub, Nezha Mejjad, Abdelmourhit Laissaoui, Adil Elyahyaoui, El mahjoub Chakir, Nadia Ziad, and Hamid Marah. "Assessment of groundwater quality using Physico-chemical analyses of Sahel-Doukkala region." E3S Web of Conferences 314 (2021): 05005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131405005.

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Water quality preservation represents one of the biggest challenges the world is facing nowadays. In Morocco, water quality decline is among the significant problems facing the country’s water sector. Geographic Information System (GIS) is an effective and useful tool for interpreting, evaluating and displaying spatial data for water resources management. In order to assess the Physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater of the Sahel-Doukkala aquifers, water samples were collected from 50 points well distributed in the study area, analysed according to standard methods, and the results were interpreted using the geographic information system (GIS) technique. There was an important spatial variability in the studied parameters and element concentrations (T°, pH, EC, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Sr, B and Na+), revealing that the aquifers lithology, sea intrusion and the agriculture methods are the main factors influencing the water nature in the study area.

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Arnold, Meghan, James A. VanDerslice, Brooke Taylor, Scott Benson, Sam Allen, Mark Johnson, Joe Kiefer, et al. "Drinking water quality and source reliability in rural Ashanti region, Ghana." Journal of Water and Health 11, no. 1 (January 11, 2013): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2013.104.

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Site-specific information about local water sources is an important part of a community-driven effort to improve environmental conditions. The purpose of this assessment was to gather this information for residents of rural villages in Ghana. Sanitary surveys and bacteriological testing for total coliforms and Escherichia coli (EC) using Colilert® were conducted at nearly 80 water sources serving eight villages. A focus group was carried out to assess the desirability and perceived quality of water sources. Standpipes accounted for almost half of the available water sources; however, a third of them were not functioning at the time of the survey. EC bacteria were found in the majority of shallow wells (80%), rivers (67%), and standpipes (61%), as well as 28% of dug wells. Boreholes were free of EC. Residents felt that the standpipes and boreholes produced safe drinking water. Intermittent service and poor water quality from the piped supply has led to limited access to drinking water. The perception of residents, that the water from standpipes is clean and does not need to be treated at home, is particularly troubling in light of the poor bacteriological quality of water from the standpipes.

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Yang, Chou Ping, Yao Ting Yu, and Chih Ming Kao. "Impact of Climate Change on Kaoping River Water Quality." Applied Mechanics and Materials 212-213 (October 2012): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.212-213.137.

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In these years, the global climate change has caused the increase in storm and drought frequency. In August 2009, Taiwan experienced its worst floods in 50 years after Typhoon Morakot struck almost the entire southern region. During the three-day event, Typhoon Morakot brought copious amounts of rainfall, peaking at 2,500 mm, which triggered severe flooding throughout the region. The Kaoping River Basin was one of the most impacted regions in southern Taiwan. A huge amount of sediments and debris flowed into the Kaoping River Basin, which caused high concentration of suspended sediment in the river causing the shut down of water treatment plants. In addition, the Kaoping River receiving significant biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and ammonia loads from hog farms and domestic wastewaters and resulted in the deterioration of water quality. The Water Quality Simulation Program (WASP)/EUTRO model was used to simulate the fate and transport of water quality pollutants and develop water quality management strategies. The developed strategies are able to effectively control the pollutants and improve the Kaoping River water quality.

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Shelef, Gedaliah. "Wastewater Reclamation and Water Resources Management." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 9 (November 1, 1991): 251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0254.

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Wastewater reclamation and reuse are becoming important components of the management of urban, regional and national water resources. Recently, not only countries with chronic water shortage, but also urban areas in temperate climates have considered and implemented wastewater reuse schemes expanding the scope of consumptive uses to include toilet flushing and landscape irrigation, using dual distribution systems and even the reuse as potable waters is being considered and evaluated. Israel is an example of intensive reuse in agricultural irrigation and much experience has been gained in treatment, seasonal reservoirs and establishing quality requirements. The economical justification of wastewater reuse schemes should take into account the overall treatment costs, the ‘environmental and health allowances', i.e. the cost of treatment required even when reuse is not practiced, the benefits of water and the savings in conveyance and pumping. The paper also briefly describes the two largest wastewater reclamation projects in Israel, namely: the Kishon Complex Scheme and the Dan Region Scheme, both aimed at unrestricted agricultural irrigation of all crops.

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Cervera Gómez, Luis Ernesto, and Rodolfo Rubio Salas. "Basic criteria for a sustainable water management at the U.S.-México border: the case of ambos Nogales." Estudios Fronterizos 4, no. 7 (January 1, 2003): 35–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21670/ref.2003.07.a02.

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This article aims to analyze some basic criteria for a sustainable use of water in an international watershed shared by Mexico and the United States. The study area comprises the region of Ambos Nogales, which is located inside the Upper Santa Cruz River Basin. This portion of the watershed represents the main ecosystem and the main source of water for urban and rural populations located in this region. Following criteria of sustainability the authors revise and adapt to the case of Ambos Nogales, a set of guidelines proposed by the Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security. These guidelines include the following elements: basic water requirements needed to maintain quality of life in the population and the health of ecosystems; water quality that meets certain minimum standards; human actions and their impact on long-term renewability of freshwater stocks and flows; collection of data concerning water resources, use and quality of water; institutional mechanisms to prevent and resolve conflicts; and a democratic process of water-planning and decision-making. These twin cities have a long history of cooperation and conflict linked to water resources, which makes available enough information to create a diagnostic about the water management inside a binational arena, and allowing to explore possibilities for a better water resources management under a sustainable regime and from an international perspective. Keywords: Sustainability, binational water management, ambos Nogales region.

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Ziadat, Anf H. "Animal Manure Impact on the Quality of Percolated Water in a Semi-Arid Region-Jordan." Environmental Forensics 10, no. 1 (March 16, 2009): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15275920802678677.

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Wasserman, Julio Cesar, Viviane Maia Damaceno, Gilson Brito Alves Lima, and Maria Angélica Wasserman. "Spatial distribution of water quality in the Amazonian region: implications for drinking water treatment procedures." Journal of Water and Health 17, no. 5 (July 9, 2019): 749–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2019.005.

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Abstract Riparian communities in the Amazon suffer from water-borne diseases due to the lack of adequate water treatment capabilities. Therefore, small local water treatment plants are necessary, but the selection of treatment procedures depends largely on the physico-chemical characteristics of the water. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the physico-chemical characteristics of the water in the Amazon River and its tributaries, in order to determine customized processes for water treatment. Data from 54 fluviometric monitoring stations were organized and used to construct distribution maps. The parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, and the concentration of suspended matter, turbidity and flow rates were evaluated. Results showed that pH was very acidic (4–5) in the northwestern portion of the region while conductivity was quite low in the entire Amazonian region (<140 μS cm−1). Both parameters were strongly influenced by geological settings and sources of organic matter. Suspended matter and turbidity were affected by weathering processes. It was concluded that considering the acidity of the waters, mechanical procedures like filtration or slow settling should be applied to remove suspended matter rather than chemical procedures. For disinfection, instead of chemicals, solar energy should be applied.

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Melloul, A. J., and M. Collin. "A proposed index for aquifer water-quality assessment: the case of Israel's Sharon region." Journal of Environmental Management 54, no. 2 (October 1998): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jema.1998.0219.

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H. Abd Al Satar, Nawras, and Dawood E. Sachit. "ASSESSMENT OF HOSPITAL WASTEWATER QUALITY AND MANAGEMENT IN BAB-AL MUADHAM REGION AT BAGHDAD." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 25, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.25.3.5.

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The Tigris River is the most important source of water in Iraq; however, it suffers from the impact of pollutants that disposal directly into it. In this study, the Water Quality Index (WQI) of 7 of the chemical properties (Cl-, NO3, SO4, COD, BOD5, Ca, Mg) in the Tigris River, Baghdad, Iraq was analyzed to measure the impact of liquid waste discharge in the city of medicine on the river from January to October 2020. Three points were selected as the sample location, the first point was 700 meters before the discharge point, the second point was the discharge point, and the third point was 400 meters after the discharge point. The findings revealed that the concentration of all the measured components at the region where the sanitary discharge point site2 was situated was much higher than that of the location before the sanitary discharge point site1. For example, in January Cl- the concentration at site1 was (350 mg/l) relative to site2 the concentration at (1200 mg/l). In comparison, the concentration of the constituents in the area after the sanitary discharge point site 3 was lower than that of the sanitary discharge point area site2. In addition, Cl- concentration at site3 was (750 mg/l) lower than site2 (1200 mg/l) but still higher than site1 (350 mg/l). The lower concentration at site3 suggests that the water body of the river is being diluted; however, this is not a solution as the causes of pollutants of the river are various. Most of the findings have shown that the permissible cap for the Iraqi standards and the World Health Organization (WHO) for the river maintenance system has been surpassed.

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Dias, Alexandre Pessoa, Deiviane Calegar, Filipe Anibal Carvalho-Costa, Maria de Fátima Leal Alencar, Caroline Ferraz Ignacio, Milena Enderson Chagas da Silva, and Antonio Henrique Almeida de Moraes Neto. "Assessing the Influence of Water Management and Rainfall Seasonality on Water Quality and Intestinal Parasitism in Rural Northeastern Brazil." Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018 (July 18, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8159354.

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Introduction. The drought in the Brazilian semiarid region has affected the quality of water. This study assessed the relationships between enteric parasitoses, water management, and water quality, correlating them with pluviometric seasonality.Methods. Cross-sectional surveys were carried out in four rural communities at the beginning of the dry season (n=151), at the end of the dry season (n=184), and in the rainy season (n=199), in order to collect sociodemographic data, human fecal samples, and samples of the water used for human consumption for physicochemical and microbiological analyses. In 2015, water filters were provided to 30 households under study.Results. There was an increasing trend in detection rates of commensal protozoa and theEntamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba disparcomplex at the beginning of the rainy season, with detection rates of 6% in 2014 and 21.6% in 2016.Giardia intestinalisandAscaris lumbricoidespresented distinct temporal distributions, which peaked in 2015: 20.1% and 30%, respectively. The proportion of inhabitants drinking inadequate water was 55% at the beginning of the dry season and 28.8% at the end of the dry season, reaching 70.9% at the beginning of the rainy season. The presence of filters reduced this proportion among those who received the hollow ceramic candle filter.Conclusions. Data suggest that the strategies to increase water supply in the Brazilian semiarid region can be ameliorated in order to improve the quality of drinking water.

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De Smedt, Peter. "Water-Related Tools for Climate Change Adaptation in the Flemish Region: The Art of Linking Water Quality Standards to Spatial Planning." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 7, no. 3 (2010): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/161372710x540300.

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AbstractThe Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) establishes a framework for integrated water management and functions as a major legal frame for the protection of water bodies in Europe. In the Flemish Region the Directive has been implemented by the Decree of 18 July 2003 on Integral Water Policy. As climate change affects the quality and quantity status of water bodies, the question arises whether the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Flemish implementation legislation are well-suited to handle climate change impacts. Although climate change concerns are not explicitly incorporated in the text of the WFD and the Flemish Decree, this author believes that the main components for an effective adaptation strategy are included in the above mentioned legislation. More in particular, this is achieved by the environmental objectives which have to be elaborated in environmental quality standards (EQS) on the one hand, and the integrated approach on the other hand. Water quality management on the basis of a high level of protection of the aquatic environment is indispensable for adapting to climate change, as ecosystem-based adaptation is most cost-effective. Therefore spatial planning should integrate water quality concerns, as spatial planning may be critical for spatial quality and more specific for the achievement of the environmental objectives. Consequently this contribution focuses on the impact of water quality standards on permit decision-making and spatial planning. In this context some legal instruments anchored in the Flemish legislation on integral water policy will be highlighted, especially the 'watertoets' (translated as the water checkup), which may be useful to facilitate adaptation to climate change.

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Kosolapova, Natalya, Lyudmila Matveeva, and Olga Chernova. "The Quality of Water Resources as a Factor of Regional Strategizing." Regionalnaya ekonomika. Yug Rossii, no. 1 (April 2019): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/re.volsu.2019.1.13.

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The purpose of this article is to study the processes of water quality management, which are considered as the main factor of the strategic social and economic development of the region and also to form tools supporting this process. The article analyzes the state and development trends of the water sector of the Rostov region from the standpoint of solving the problems of its strategic social and economic development. The authors demonstrate the possibility of intellectualization of regional strategizing processes through the use of water quality monitoring of the knowledge of experts with the use of fuzzy logic. The review of existing approaches to the assessment of water resources quality is given. It is shown that these approaches do not take into account the different requirements of water users to the content of chemicals and compounds in the water but assess the state of water resources in terms of conformity of concentration indices of polluting substances to maximally allowable concentrations. The authors suggest assessing the quality of water resources in compliance with the criteria of the contamination of water resources set for every category of water users. The approach proposed by the authors implies the assessment of water quality in two modes – differentiated and complex. Meanwhile, the suggested tools are universal and can be used in the systems of regional strategizing of the use of various water basins. A conceptual representation of the structure of the management system of water resources quality in the region within the system of regional strategizing is formed and the main problems of its development are identified.

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Alexander, A. C., B. Levenstein, L. A. Sanderson, E. A. Blukacz-Richards, and P. A. Chambers. "How does climate variability affect water quality dynamics in Canada's oil sands region?" Science of The Total Environment 732 (August 2020): 139062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139062.

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Coletti, Christiane, Roberto Testezlaf, Túlio A. P. Ribeiro, Renata T. G. de Souza, and Daniela de A. Pereira. "Water quality index using multivariate factorial analysis." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 14, no. 5 (May 2010): 517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-43662010000500009.

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The evaluation of environmental effects generated by agricultural production on water quality became essential in Brazil after the creation of policies for the use and conservation of water resources. For such, water quality indices have been considered with the purpose of showing the spatial and temporal variation of water quality in a watershed. The objective of this study was to develop a water quality index (WQI) applying the Multivariate Factorial Analysis (MFA) statistical technique, which could indicate the influence of agricultural activities in the quality of water resources. Water in a predominantly farm watershed was monitored from Sept. 2003 to Sept. 2004. Monthly water collections were carried out at six sample points, and eight parameters were analyzed: nitrate, ammoniacal nitrogen, ammonia, total phosphorus, electrical conductivity, pH, suspended solids and turbidity, which were considered important due to the agricultural management adopted in the region. Results indicated a contamination of agricultural origin along the basin. Factorial analysis showed that ammonia, ammoniacal nitrogen and nitrate parameters were the ones that most contributed in determining the WQI.

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Mallick, Javed, Chander Kumar Singh, Mohammed K. AlMesfer, Vijay P. Singh, and Majed Alsubih. "Groundwater Quality Studies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Prevalent Research and Management Dimensions." Water 13, no. 9 (April 30, 2021): 1266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13091266.

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Groundwater is a valuable resource because it is widely used for drinking, and for domestic, agricultural, and industrial purposes. Globally, Saudi Arabia is known to be one of the driest regions with scarce water resources. The shallow groundwater near the major cities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is becoming polluted because of industrial effluent discharge, use of fertilizers in agriculture and domestic sewerage in the region. This review tries to focus on groundwater quality problems due to anthropogenic or geogenic sources in the region of Saudi Arabia. In this paper, we focus on different water-quality variables, for groundwater quality evaluation and aquifer vulnerability assessment due to pollutants/contaminants present in groundwater. The current study gives a holistic understanding of different groundwater quality problems and therefore identifies the gaps of the previous studies and identifies the viewpoints of the future research dimensions. We describe the different groundwater quality problems related to toxicities of the fluoride, nitrate, and heavy metals and radionuclides in Saudi Arabia. A majority of the groundwater pollutants are of natural origin, but there is significant wastewater effluent discharge in the region that is also responsible for contamination of aquifers with heavy metals.

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Hop, Nguyen Van, Thuy Chau To, and Truong Quy Tung. "CLASSIFICATION AND ZONING OF WATER QUALITY FOR THREE MAIN RIVERS IN BINH TRI THIEN REGION (CENTRAL VIETNAM) BASED ON WATER QUALITY INDEX." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 25, no. 2 (November 22, 2017): 435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.274.

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Huong, Thach Han and Kien Giang rivers are the important surface water sources in Thua ThienHue, Quang Tri and Quang Binh provinces, respectively (in Central Vietnam). The river water samples were taken monthly (from June 2001 to May 2002 for Kien Giang river and from January to December of 2004 for Thach Han and Huong rivers) at selected sites. The temperature, pH, conductivity (EC), salinity, turbidity (TUR), DO, COD, BOD5, nitrate, ammonia, phosphate, total solids (TS), hardness, total dissolved iron, total coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of water samples were analyzed. Water quality index developed by Bhargava (Bhargava-WQI) was modified and applied to assess water quality of the above mentioned rivers. Based on Bhargava-WQI, the classification and zoning of the rivers for beneficial uses were carried out. The results obtained show that the water quality index can be used as an efficient tool for the water quality management and water pollution control of the rivers.

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Wekesa, Alice Makonjo, and Calford Otieno. "Assessment of Groundwater Quality Using Water Quality Index from Selected Springs in Manga Subcounty, Nyamira County, Kenya." Scientific World Journal 2022 (March 14, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3498394.

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We present the results of groundwater quality assessment that was done during the rainy season in November 2018 in the Manga region of Nyamira County, Kenya. Water samples were collected from three springs, Kiangoso, Kerongo, and Tetema, for the assessment. Water quality index was calculated based on pH, turbidity, nitrate, phosphate, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulphates, fluoride, iron, total phosphorous, total hardness, total alkalinity, total dissolved solids, and total coliform. These fifteen parameters were analyzed and characterized according to standard methods and with reference to the World Health Organization and Kenya Bureau of Standards for physiochemical and bacteriological parameters which were then used in the calculation of water quality index. The water quality index was 21.32 for Kiangoso, 29.66 for Kerongo, and 25.64 for Tetema. The water quality index was found to be of excellent quality status at Kiangoso, while of good quality status at Kerongo and Tetema. The water quality index of Manga groundwater represented by the three springs therefore is less than 30 and can be used for drinking, irrigation, and industrial purpose. The present results are crucial for future management of groundwater in the Manga region.

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Maiolo, Mario, and Daniela Pantusa. "Multivariate Analysis of Water Quality Data for Drinking Water Supply Systems." Water 13, no. 13 (June 26, 2021): 1766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131766.

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Vulnerability of drinking water supply systems (DWSSs) depends on different factors such as failures, loss of security, man-made threats, and the change and deterioration of supply-water quality. Currently, the lifespan of several DWSSs worldwide has been exceeded, exasperating these issues. The monitoring activity and the transparency of information on water availability and quality are becoming increasingly important in accordance with the national regulations and standards, and with guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO). These activities can be considered as support and guidance tools for identifying health-related risks, for building a safe management of drinking water supply systems, and for improved user confidence in the consumption of tap water. In this context, in the present work an analysis of the quality monitoring data of DWSSs was carried out using multivariate techniques. The analysis considered several chemical–physical parameters collected in the period 2013–2020 for some DWSSs in the Emilia-Romagna region, Italy. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) methods were used to process and reduce the dimensionality of the data, to highlight the parameters that have the greatest influence on the qualitative state of the supplied water and to identify clusters.

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Kountouris, Y., I. Godyn, and J. Sauer. "Non-market valuation supporting water management: the case study in Czestochowa, Poland." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 11, no. 7 (July 1, 2014): 7169–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-7169-2014.

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Abstract. Water resources in Poland continue to be under stress despite systematic efforts to safeguard ground and surface water quality and quantity. Groundwater protection from nitrate pollution of human origin requires the development of sewerage systems. Such investments are often financed from public funds that must be formally appraised. The appraisal should be done by a comparison of benefits and costs of investment measures – not only financial but also environmental and social. A significant challenge is the monetization of the effects on the environment. In this paper we use non-market valuation to examine residents' preferences and estimate their willingness to pay for improving drinking water quality. This paper also contributes to the narrow literature on valuation of benefits of measures for groundwater quality improvement by presenting an application of the choice experiment method in the Czestochowa Region of Poland. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study estimating the value of benefits of the groundwater quality improvement in Poland.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Gillman Region Water quality management'

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