Academic literature on the topic 'Gikeiki'

Diabetes melitus tipe 2 merupakan penyakit kronis yang mempengaruhi cara tubuh memproses glukosa darah dan tubuh tidak cukup memproduksi insulin. Pangan dengan indeks glikemik rendah mampu memperbaiki sensitivitas insulin. Tepung sagu merupakan pangan fungsional dengan kandungan serat yang cukup tinggi dan termasuk pangan indeks glikemik rendah. Klepon adalah makanan tradisional Indonesia yang terbuat dari tepung ketan dengan IG tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kandungan klepon dengan substitusi tepung sagu sebagai alternatif makanan selingan indeks glikemik rendah bagi penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan 2 tahap yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap untuk optimasi pembuatan klepon dan posttest only control group design untuk uji indeks glikemik. Perlakuan klepon substitusi tepung sagu yaitu 100%:0%, 90%:10%, 80%:20%, 70%:30%, 60%:40%, 50%:50% dengan pengulangan 4 kali dan dibutuhkan 16 relawan dalam uji indeks gikemik. Perlakuan P5 (20% tepung sagu dan 80% tepung ketan) merupakan perlakuan terbaik ditinjau dari indeks efektifitasnya. Nilai indeks glikemik diperoleh dengan membagi luas area dibawah kurva pangan uji dengan pangan standar. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan nilai IG diketahui yaitu 43,25 dan termasuk dalam ketegori Indeks glikemik rendah. Kata kunci: Tepung Sagu, Indeks Glikemik, Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2

Poor glycemic control is a primary risk factor for the progression of complications. This study aimed to determine the status of glycemic control and associated factors among type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients at primary health care of Cakung District, Kebon Jeruk District and Rawa Bunga Village, Jakarta. This study was conducted from July to August 2019, and adopted a cross-sectional design. The respondents' data included sex, age, occupation, education, long suffered with diabetes, diagnosed chronic disease, antidiabetic and other regular drugs were obtained through a questionnaire. Measurement of glycated haemoglobin A1c level was carried out in a standardized laboratory in Jakarta. A total of 126 respondents met the inclusions and exclusion criteria, of which 70.6% were female. The mean age of patients was 61.46±9.086 years (35–85 years). HbA1c level was measured, and the results showed that 45.2% of respondents had good glycemic control (<7% of HbA1c level), while 54.8% had poor control (≥7% of HbA1c level). On the bivariate analysis, the number of antidiabetics was significantly associated with glycemic control (p<0.05). The poor glycemic control was significantly higher in patients with polytherapy (72.6%) antidiabetic compared to single antidiabetic (37.5%) (p=0.01). These findings highlighted the need for proper management of patients with polytherapy, in order to prevent the complication of type 2 DM.Keywords: Glycemic control, Jakarta, primary health care, type 2 diabetes mellitus Kontrol Gikemik dan Faktor yang Berhubungan pada Pasien dengan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di JakartaAbstrakKontrol glikemik yang buruk merupakan faktor risiko utama terjadinya komplikasi pada pasien diabetes melitus (DM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontrol glikemik dan faktor yang berhubungan pada pasien DM tipe 2 di Puskesmas Kecamatan Cakung, Kecamatan Kebon Jeruk dan Kelurahan Rawa Bunga, Jakarta. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli–Agustus 2019. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional. Data responden antara lain jenis kelamin, umur, pekerjaan, pendidikan, lama menderita penyakit DM, penyakit kronis lain yang diderita, obat DM dan obat rutin lain yang digunakan didapatkan melalui instrumen kuisioner. Pengukuran kadar HbA1c dilakukan di laboratorium yang terstandarisasi di Jakarta. Sebanyak 126 responden memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi terlibat dalam penelitian ini, dan sebanyak 70,6% adalah berjenis kelamin perempuan. Usia rata-rata pasien adalah 61,46±9,086 tahun (35–85 tahun). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 45,2% responden memiliki kontrol glikemik yang baik (<7 level HbA1c), sedangkan 54,8% responden memiliki kontrol glikemik yang buruk (≥7 level HbA1c). Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan bahwa jumlah antidiabetes yang digunakan berhubungan dengan kontrol glikemik. Kontrol glikemik yang buruk secara signifikan lebih tinggi ditemukan pada pasien dengan politerapi (72,6%) dibandingkan pada pasien dengan terapi tunggal antidiabetes (37,5%) (p=0,01). Temuan ini menyoroti perlunya manajemen yang tepat pada pasien dengan politerapi untuk mencegah komplikasi DM tipe 2.Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus tipe 2, Jakarta, kontrol glikemik, puskesmas

Minamoto no Yoshitsune è uno dei più importanti e conosciuti generali della storia giapponese. Vissuto nella seconda metà del XII° secolo, fu uno dei protagonisti del lungo scontro tra i clan Minamoto e Taira. La sua storia è pervenuta fino a oggi in maniera particolare tramite il testo del Gikeiki, un gunki monogatari (storia di guerra) scritto durante il periodo Nanboku-chō (1336-1392). Esso prese ispirazione da numerosi testi di teatro Noh, kabuki e bunrau, che già in precedenza descrivevano le vicende di Yoshitsune. Il Gikeiki può considerarsi parte di un ciclo narrativo, riferito agli eventi della guerra intestina tra i Minamoto e i Taira, che comprende altre opere: l’Hōgen Monogatari, l’Heiji Monoatari e l’Heike Monogatari, incentrato su Taira no Kiyomori. Il termine Gikeiki (義経記), letteralmente “Cronache di Yoshitsune”, deriva dalla lettura on-yomi dei due caratteri che compongono il nome del protagonista: 義 Yoshi-, letto “gi”, e 経 –tsune, letto “kei”. Ricercando le traduzioni di quest’opera prodotte nell’arco degli anni, sono pervenute solamente due traduzioni integrali: una in inglese di Helen Craig McCullough, dal titolo “Yoshitsune: a fifteenth-century Japanese chronicle.”, e una russa di Arkadii︠a︡ Strugat︠s︡kogo. Questa tesi, tramite la traduzione integrale dal giapponese classico all’italiano, vuole cercare di rendere maggiormente usufruibile la lettura del Gikeiki e la conoscenza del grande generale che tanto ha influenzato anche molte opere della letteratura popolare giapponese.

abstract: Stories concerning Minamoto no Yoshitsune, one of Japan's best known and most tragic heroes, are numerous and varied. From his birth to his death, nearly every episode of Yoshitsune's life has been retold in war tales, histories, and plays. One of the major and most influential retellings of the Yoshitsune legend is found in Gikeiki, a text from the fifteenth century. This study looks at the early period of the legend and specifically focuses on the Kibune episode, when Yoshitsune lived and trained at Kurama Temple. It provides a new translation of the episode as told in Gikeiki and discusses the different portrayals of Yoshitsune within the Gikeiki textual lineage and in previous and subsequent works of literature. The thesis also takes a brief look at the development of Gikeiki texts; it shows the malleability of the Yoshitsune legend and the Gikeiki text and discusses the implications that this malleability has on our understanding of the place of Gikeiki and the legend of Yoshitsune within the medieval Japanese cultural consciousness.
Dissertation/Thesis
M.A. Asian Languages and Civilizations 2014