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Gillespie, Tom. "Accumulation by urban dispossession: struggles over urban space in Accra, Ghana." Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 41, no. 1 (October 7, 2015): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tran.12105.
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Baidoo, Mohammed Kwaku, Akosua Tachie-Menson, Nana Ama Pokua Arthur, and Eric Appau Asante. "Understanding informal jewellery apprenticeship in Ghana: Nature, processes and challanges." International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training 7, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.13152/10.13152/ijrvet.7.1.3.
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Context: The processes of acquiring education in jewellery in Ghana has been dominated by the informal apprenticeship system and it forms the backbone of the workforce of the jewellery industry in Ghana. However, the patronage of informal jewellery apprenticeship in Ghana in recent times has been on decline even though it has the potential of training human resources to transform Ghana’s precious mineral resources sector.This is based on the belief that jewellery trade and its training are shrouded in secrecy, in other words, the jewellery trade is considered to be a sacred profession where information on its operating systems are not allowed to be shared easily. It is believed to be associated with cult and magic, hence the reluctant to admit people who are from outside the family of particular jewellery enterprise. This study is sought to bring to fore the understanding nature, processes and challenges of the informal jewellery apprenticeship in Ghana. Approach: The study adopted the descriptive and phenomenology research designs (qualitative research methods). Jewellers who own a jewellery business and who are training other people through apprenticeships as well as people who are trained are observed and interviewed. A sample size was selected through purposive and convenience sampling techniques from four jewellery enterprises in Accra, Ghana. A thematic analysis plan was adopted to generate fndings of the study. Findings: The results show that for a person to train as a jeweller, s/he has to enrol by going through induction, futhremore fees (money and perishable items) are to be paid. The training content is driven by orders received by the master jeweller, thereby making it unstructured and lacking criteria for assessing the performance and progress of apprentice jewellers. Teaching and learning methods are usually on-the-job training that rely on demonstrations and observation.Conclusion: Informal jewellery apprenticeship in Ghana uses a fexible, cost-efective approach for transferring jewellery making skills from masters to apprentice jewellers, and it has substantial potential for improving skills training in the country. Sometimes the reluctant of some jeweller to train others is to keep the trade to family members only.
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Baidoo, Mohammed Kwaku, Akosua Tachie-Menson, Nana Ama Pokua Arthur, and Eric Appau Asante. "Understanding informal jewellery apprenticeship in Ghana: Nature, processes and challanges." International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training 7, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.13152/ijrvet.7.1.3.
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Context: The processes of acquiring education in jewellery in Ghana has been dominated by the informal apprenticeship system and it forms the backbone of the workforce of the jewellery industry in Ghana. However, the patronage of informal jewellery apprenticeship in Ghana in recent times has been on decline even though it has the potential of training human resources to transform Ghana’s precious mineral resources sector.This is based on the belief that jewellery trade and its training are shrouded in secrecy, in other words, the jewellery trade is considered to be a sacred profession where information on its operating systems are not allowed to be shared easily. It is believed to be associated with cult and magic, hence the reluctant to admit people who are from outside the family of particular jewellery enterprise. This study is sought to bring to fore the understanding nature, processes and challenges of the informal jewellery apprenticeship in Ghana. Approach: The study adopted the descriptive and phenomenology research designs (qualitative research methods). Jewellers who own a jewellery business and who are training other people through apprenticeships as well as people who are trained are observed and interviewed. A sample size was selected through purposive and convenience sampling techniques from four jewellery enterprises in Accra, Ghana. A thematic analysis plan was adopted to generate fndings of the study. Findings: The results show that for a person to train as a jeweller, s/he has to enrol by going through induction, futhremore fees (money and perishable items) are to be paid. The training content is driven by orders received by the master jeweller, thereby making it unstructured and lacking criteria for assessing the performance and progress of apprentice jewellers. Teaching and learning methods are usually on-the-job training that rely on demonstrations and observation.Conclusion: Informal jewellery apprenticeship in Ghana uses a fexible, cost-efective approach for transferring jewellery making skills from masters to apprentice jewellers, and it has substantial potential for improving skills training in the country. Sometimes the reluctant of some jeweller to train others is to keep the trade to family members only.
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Mensah, Eric, and Martin Owusu. "Teachers’ Curriculum Knowledge in Teaching Christian Religious Studies among Senior High Schools of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana." East African Journal of Education and Social Sciences 3, no. 4 (September 23, 2022): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/eajess.v3i4.204.
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The study sought to investigate on teachers’ curriculum knowledge in teaching Christian Religious Studies among Senior High Schools of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The population of the study was CRS teachers in Senior high schools in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Through census sampling approach, all teachers of CRS were involved in filling the questionnaire. Analysis of data was done through descriptive statistics. The study established that teachers of CRS had high knowledge about the rationale of teaching CRS. It was also found that teachers of CRS had high knowledge of the aims of teaching CRS. It is therefore recommended that Universities that are mandated to train teachers of CRS in Ghana should include courses like curriculum studies in CRS emphasis, the rationale (philosophy and logic) and aims for the subject. This would ensure that teachers who teach CRS have adequate knowledge and the rationale and aims for teaching the subject. The Ghana Education Service (GES) in collaboration with the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NaCCA) should organise regular in-service trainings for the teachers of CRS.
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Okpeyo, Ebenezer Teye, Alhassan Musah, and Erasmus Dodzi Gakpetor. "Determinants of Tax Compliance in Ghana:." Journal of Applied Accounting and Taxation 4, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/jaat.v4i1.935.
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The study examined the factors that influence tax compliance by small and medium tax payers, the difference in the level of compliance between small and medium tax payers and strategies to improve tax compliance in Ghana. The study through stratified sampling technique sampled 100 small and medium tax payers in Accra and other GRA officials for the study. Data was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the study showed that compliance cost, tax rates, tax audits and morals of taxpayers significantly influenced tax compliance. The GRA also indicated that unions and associations of businesses could help increase voluntary tax compliance of small and medium tax payers in Ghana. The study findings provide evidence that there is a significance difference in the tax compliance level between small and medium scale enterprises. The difference can be largely attributed to the inability of small enterprises to file their tax returns on due dates and also to keep proper books of records of their business transactions. The study recommends organizing workshops for businesses to train them on the need to pay their taxes and keep proper records of their transactions, increasing the rate of audits of businesses, imposing fines and penalties for defaulting businesses.
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Gnankob, Robert Ipiin, Abraham Ansong, and Kassimu Issau. "Servant leadership and organisational citizenship behaviour: the role of public service motivation and length of time spent with the leader." International Journal of Public Sector Management 35, no. 2 (February 10, 2022): 236–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-04-2021-0108.
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PurposeThe study examined the influence of servant leadership on organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) of employees in Ghana through the intervening roles of public service motivation (PSM) and the length of time spent with the leader.Design/methodology/approachA structured questionnaire was used to gather data from 328 randomly sampled respondents within the six metropoles in Ghana for data analysis. The partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to address the hypotheses of the study.FindingsThe study found that servant leadership has a significant positive influence on OCB and PSM. The study also found that PSM significantly and positively influences OCB. The study finally established that whiles PSM significantly mediated the relationship between servant leadership and OCB, the length of time spent with leaders did not moderate the servant leadership and OCB nexus.Practical implicationsThe study implies that stakeholders in the local government sector, such as the Local Government Service Board, should emphasise employing or promoting supervisors who are servant leadership-driven to occupy key positions within the local government structure. Efforts could also be made to train the supervisors to acquire servant leadership traits.Originality/valueThe results from the study provide significant insights on how the public sector in Ghana and beyond can identify, develop and maintain servant leaders to promote employees OCB. Also, being a pioneering study in Ghana, the results and recommendations from the study have set the pace for future scholars to discuss issues that engulf the public sector.
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Nti, Nicholas Kofi, and Charles Dwumfour Osei. "Business Characteristics and Entrepreneurial Management Practices of Small and Medium Enterprises in Ghana." IJEBD (International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Development) 5, no. 4 (July 31, 2022): 648–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/ijebd.v5i4.1878.
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Purpose: The study employed the behavioural theory of entrepreneurship to assess the relationship between entrepreneurial management practices and the business characteristics of SMEs in Ghana.
Design/methodology/approach: A total of 202 SMEs were sampled from the service, industry, and agricultural sectors in Ghana. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using Weighted Mean, ANOVA, and Independent t-tests with Minitab 17.0 software.
Findings: the study revealed that business characteristics such as business size and sector of operations significantly affect the SMEs’ management decision-making in strategic orientation, resource orientation, management structure, and entrepreneurial culture. However, Business size and sector of operation are not necessarily significant factors influencing the SMEs’ reward philosophy and growth orientation.
Research limitations/implications: This study recognizes the need for providing SMEs with management intervention programs that train the skills of entrepreneurial management to improve their competitiveness at the global level. The study is beneficial to policymakers in Ghana such as the Ministry for Business Development, the National Board for Small Scale Industries (NBSSI), and Higher Educational institutions for the development of entrepreneurship programs.
Originality/value: The findings of the study contribute to inventive knowledge in entrepreneurial management strategies and in terms of size and business industry.
Paper type: a Research Paper
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Osafo-Acquah, Aaron. "Pre-service teacher preparation for early childhood education in Ghana: A review of literature." Ghana Journal of Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sports and Dance (GJOHPERSD) 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/gjohpersd.v11i1.529.
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As a result of the continued interest in the expansion of early childhood education opportunities in Ghana, questions have arisen about how to prepare teachers for work in this context. This literature review explores the state of pre service teacher preparation for early childhood education in Ghana. Findings from the review show that Ghana faces a lot of challenges including lack of trained teachers, poor infrastructure, and poorly developed teaching and learning. The first formal declaration to address early childhood education in Ghana came in the form of the Gold Coast Colony Education Department schedule of 1930, which included a syllabus for infant classes as part of a primary schedule. The syllabus included instruction based on games, physical exercises, spoken English, singing, and arithmetic (McWilliam, H.O.A., & Kwamena-Po, M. A. (1975). After Ghana gained independence in 1957, the Education Act of 1961 was enacted to designate preschool as the responsibility of the Ministry of Education, and also declared compulsory basic education (Kindergarten- Middle school) as free for all children from age Four (4) to age Fifteen( 15). Four years later, the Nursery and Kindergarten Unit of the Ghana Education Service was created. The purpose of that unit was to develop preschools, nurseries, Kindergartens, as well as assist in the evaluation, control, and registration of these institutions. The idea of employing teaching staff who were trained teachers and professionals, led to the establishment of the National Nursery Teachers’ Training Centre in Accra in 1965 to train early childhood personnel (Morrison, 2002). By the year 1975, the Department of Social Welfare supervised 488 day care centres and the Ghana Education Service supervised 567 nursery schools and Kindergartens which enrolled 56,089 children. In an effort to regulate these early childhood centres and their programmes, the Department of Social Welfare established guidelines, which required centres to apply for permit and therefore register with the Department of Social Welfare. The Children’s Act of 1989 was therefore established and put into effect.
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Karimi, Z., M. Sargolzaei, J. A. B. Robinson, and F. S. Schenkel. "Assessing haplotype-based models for genomic evaluation in Holstein cattle." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 98, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 750–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2018-0009.
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A single-nucleotide polymorphisms-based genomic relationship matrix (GSNP) discriminate less identity by state from identity by descent (IBD) alleles compared with a multi-locus haplotype-based relationship matrix (GHAP), which can better capture IBD alleles and recent relationships. We aimed to compare the prediction reliability and prediction bias of genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) using either GSNP or GHAP in Holstein cattle. Therefore, a total of 57 traits with a wide range of heritability values were analyzed. Classical validation tests were done using a validation dataset comprised of 50k genotype records of 561–669 proven bulls born in 2010–2011 with an official estimated breeding value (EBV) in 2016 and a training set of 5314–19 678 bulls born before 2010, depending on the trait. The method for building the genomic relationship matrix (G) had significant, but small effect on observed reliability (r2GEBV) (p < 0.0001) and bias (p < 0.0001). A significant interaction between G and the level of trait heritability on r2GEBV and bias was also observed (p < 0.0001). The small gains in r2GEBV and small reductions in the bias by using GHAPBLUP were increased when predicting moderate to high-heritability traits compared with low-heritability traits.
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Nero, Bertrand Festus. "Woody species and trait diversity-functional relations of green spaces in Kumasi, Ghana." Urban Ecosystems 22, no. 3 (February 19, 2019): 593–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11252-019-00835-z.
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Agbosu, L. K. "Land Registration in Ghana: Past, Present and the Future." Journal of African Law 34, no. 2 (1990): 104–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300008251.
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The establishment in the Gold Coast of commercial agriculture based on a permanent cultivation of the soil, the development of the mining and timber industries in the last two decades of the nineteenth century and the concession boom that these events carried in their train, created favourable conditions for capitalist development for which the private ownership of the means of production is a prerequisite. However, at that time the basic means of production in the Gold Coast, i.e. the land, was generally held in common and was not privately owned.Colonialism, however, had the effect of establishing two systems of production in the country. The capitalist sector which became dominant was created at commercial and urban centres. The traditional communal system based on what, for want of a better term, one could call subsistence agriculture, remained at the periphery in the countryside. The dominant capitalist sector produced in its own image a class of property owners consisting of European, national and rural capitalists. Attempts by the latter to acquire lands to be privately owned gave rise to problems of insecurity of title. A machinery for land registration was thought to be the most adequate means of solving the problem.
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Danful, Rukiya, Yussif Baba Kassim, Doris Kanvenaa Puozaa, Richard Oteng-Frimpong, Masawudu Abdul Rasheed, Alexander Wireko-Kena, and Richard Akromah. "Genetics of Stay-Green Trait and Its Association with Leaf Spot Tolerance and Pod Yield in Groundnut." International Journal of Agronomy 2019 (July 30, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3064026.
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Despite its importance in providing income and food for smallholder farmers, fodder for livestock, and improving soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation, groundnut yields are lowest on farmers’ fields in Sub-Saharan Africa due to biotic and abiotic constraints. Foliar fungal diseases account for over 80% reduction in groundnut productivity in some parts of Ghana. Unfortunately, chemical control of these foliar diseases has not yielded the desired results. Meanwhile, advances in phenotyping for disease tolerance in other crops have established a strong relationship between stay-green trait and foliar disease tolerance. However, this relationship has not been explored in groundnut. This study was designed to determine the genetic control of the stay-green trait and its relationship with leaf spot disease severity in groundnut. Twenty-five advanced groundnut breeding lines with varying degrees of tolerance for leaf spot tolerance were evaluated under diseased and disease-free conditions, after which four were selected for genetic studies. Results showed significant (p<0.001) differences among the genotypes for early leaf spot (ELS), late leaf spot (LLS), leaf area under greenness (LAUG), SPAD chlorophyll meter readings (SCMR), and yield traits. Leaf spot diseases caused 4.95 t·ha−1 (64.54%) pod yield reduction in CHINESE, the widely cultivated groundnut variety in Ghana. There was a strong correlation between LAUG and ELS (r = 0.82, p<0.001) and LLS (r = 0.63, p<0.001), and genotypes that were stay-green had tolerance to both diseases. Stay-green trait in groundnut was detected to be under the control of a single recessive gene and hence may be used to select for ELS and LLS resistance.
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Filson, Christopher Kwame. "Comparative study of collection management practices of academic libraries." Library Management 39, no. 1/2 (January 8, 2018): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lm-12-2016-0096.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to find out the similarities and differences in collection management practices of the main libraries of the University of Cape Coast and the University of Education, Winneba, Ghana. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted a qualitative approach in considering the research problem and also used the case study to collect data. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Findings Some of the results highlighted are: both libraries had sections responsible for collection management practices, the collection management practices carried out by both libraries were almost similar, lack of adequate professional staff, lack of adequate funds and unavailability of Collection Management Policy were some of the challenges. Research limitations/implications The study focussed on the activities performed by the various sections directly involved in the collection management practices and excludes administrative practices. Practical implications In order to make any library functional, collection management should be a shared responsibility of all the sections of the library and that enough money is required to link the staff and the information resources in the library together. Social implications All stakeholders of libraries must play their role to make academic libraries functional. Originality/value The study provides insight into the collection development activities undertaken by the libraries of the only public academic institutions purposely build by the Government of Ghana to train graduate teachers for Basic and Second-Cycle institutions in Ghana.
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Babuna, Pius, Xiaohua Yang, Amatus Gyilbag, Doris Abra Awudi, David Ngmenbelle, and Dehui Bian. "The Impact of COVID-19 on the Insurance Industry." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16 (August 10, 2020): 5766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165766.
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This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the insurance industry by studying the case of Ghana from March to June 2020. With a parallel comparison to previous pandemics such as SARS-CoV, H1N1 and MERS, we developed outlines for simulating the impact of the pandemic on the insurance industry. The study used qualitative and quantitative interviews to estimate the impact of the pandemic. Presently, the trend is an economic recession with decreasing profits but increasing claims. Due to the cancellation of travels, events and other economic losses, the Ghanaian insurance industry witnessed a loss currently estimated at GH Ȼ112 million. Our comparison and forecast predicts a normalization of economic indicators from January 2021. In the meantime, while the pandemic persists, insurers should adapt to working from remote locations, train and equip staff to work under social distancing regulations, enhance cybersecurity protocols and simplify claims/premium processing using e-payment channels. It will require the collaboration of the Ghana Ministry of Health, Banking Sector, Police Department, Customs Excise and Preventive Service, other relevant Ministries and the international community to bring the pandemic to a stop.
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S.K., Gene, and Acquah E.O. "Instructional Materials for Teaching Performing Arts in Wa Municipality, Ghana." British Journal of Education, Learning and Development Psychology 4, no. 2 (November 3, 2021): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/bjeldp-1xibv8fd.
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The teaching of performing arts at the Basic Schools in Ghana is geared towards the acquisition of skills by learners. Apart from the use of various techniques for teaching the performing arts, the use of the instructional materials is eminent and legitimate for the pupils to have exposure to these materials in order to have first-hand information. However, the selection of instructional materials for teaching and learning of the performing arts, a strand (an aspect) of the creative arts at the Basic Schools has been a daunting task for both new and old teachers, especially, in the Wa Municipality of Ghana. Using the studio-based design, local materials from Wa municipality were collected and new ones were created through the adaptive creative process. It was found out that the preparation of Teaching and Learning materials for creative arts from the local materials is sine qua non to create a hub of teaching resources for instructional deliveries. It is recommended that the headteachers liaise with the appropriate experts to train teachers to use local materials to prepare instructional resources since they are not readily available in the schools for use.
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BOAKYE, Peter, and Kwame Osei KWARTENG. "Education for Nation Building: The Vision of Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah for University Education in the Early Stages of Self-Government and Independence in Ghana." Abibisem: Journal of African Culture and Civilization 7 (December 5, 2018): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/ajacc.v7i0.38.
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The Gold Coast was renamed Ghana by the political leadership on the attainment of Independence. But before 1957, Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah had become Prime Minister of the Gold Coast in 1952, and by this arrangement ruled alongside the British Colonial Governor. Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah set out to rebuild the new nation, and by doing so, Education, especially University Education, became a significant tool for the realization of such an objective. He, and the Convention People’s Party (CPP) Government saw education as “the keystone of people’s life and happiness.’’1 Thus, Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah wanted the University Colleges in the Gold Coast to train intellectuals capable of combining both theory and practice as well as use their energies to assist in the task of national reconstruction.2 This explains why Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah clearly spelt out the visions of University Education in Ghana. This paper, which is multi-sourced, uses archival documents, newspapers, interviews and scholarly secondary works such as articles, book chapters and books to examine the visions of Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah for University Education in the early stages of self-government and independence in Ghana. The paper particularly focuses on measures adopted by the first Prime Minister of Ghana such as establishment of an International Commission on University Education (ICUE), making the existing University Colleges independent, the rationale for setting up the University College of Cape Coast (UCCC), the Africanization of the University staff, establishment of the Institute of African Studies and the formation of the National Council for Higher Education to transform the University Colleges to reflect the needs and aspirations of Ghanaians.
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1 H. O. A. McWilliam, & M. A. Kwamena-Poh, The Development of Education in Ghana. (London: Longman Group Ltd., 1975), 83.
2 Samuel Obeng, Selected Speeches of Kwame Nkrumah, Vol. 1 (Accra: Aframs Publication Ltd., 1997), 74.
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Asgary, Ramin, Philip Baba Adongo, Adanna Nwameme, Helen V. S. Cole, Ernest Maya, Mengling Liu, Karen Yeates, Richard Adanu, and Olugbenga Ogedegbe. "mHealth to Train Community Health Nurses in Visual Inspection With Acetic Acid for Cervical Cancer Screening in Ghana." Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease 20, no. 3 (July 2016): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/lgt.0000000000000207.
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F., Kutsanedzie, and Mensah E. . "Polytechnics as Institutions for Intraregional Collaboration for Skills Development in Africa." Journal of Education and Vocational Research 4, no. 10 (October 30, 2013): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jevr.v4i10.136.
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The Polytechnics in Ghana were established and given the mandate enshrined in the Constitution of Ghana under the Act of Parliament of the Republic of Ghana (Act 745) to train students in the fields of Science, Technology, Applied Social Science and Applied Art to serve the middle-manpower management needs of the country. In addition, the polytechnics are to provide skills development, conduct and publish industry driven research findings. Polytechnic graduate are expected by employers and captains of industry to be more practical-skilled and biased by virtue of their training. However, over the years, it appears the polytechnic graduate training is becoming more of theoretical rather than what was initially intended. Commentaries of stakeholders reveal that the polytechnics are gradually losing their focus vis-à -vis the practical training of students as they are fast comparing themselves to the universities. This paper uses observation of the polytechnics educational system, interviews with stakeholders and other secondary data as the bases to critically examine and identify the conditions that hamper the practical training of the polytechnic students – practical content of syllabi; teacher – student ratio in the face of high student intake; qualification of lecturers in terms of practical training. It thus recommends ways by which the polytechnics can improve upon the practical training of its student via mobilizing and utilizing its resources to create industries to facilitate the training of its students as well as reducing graduate unemployment. This thus will serve as lynch-pin to drive the country’s industrialization process.
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Tetteh, Jonathan, and Maxwell Amoah Asumeng. "Succession planning, employee retention and career development programmes in selected organisations in Ghana." African Journal of Management Research 27, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): 151–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajmr.v27i1.9.
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This paper examined the relationship between succession planning and employee retention, as well as the moderating role of career development program on the relationship between succession planning and employee retention. Using the cross-sectional design, 188 employees were conveniently sampled from four corporate organisations in Ghana to complete questionnaires on succession planning, employee retention and career development. The Hierarchical Multiple Regression was used to test the hypotheses. The results indicated that succession planning significantly predicted employee retention. Career development programmes also moderated the relationship. The results suggest that, the influence of succession planning on employee retention was moderated by career development programmes, such that, succession planning has more significant influence on employee retention when career development programmes are high rather than low. The study recommends the need for managers to develop strategic innovation in career development programmes to train and develop employees to enhance succession planning and employee retention in their organisations.
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Adjorlolo, Samuel. "Diagnostic Accuracy, Sensitivity, and Specificity of Executive Function Tests in Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury in Ghana." Assessment 25, no. 4 (April 27, 2016): 498–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191116646445.
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The sociocultural differences between Western and sub-Saharan African countries make it imperative to standardize neuropsychological tests in the latter. However, Western-normed tests are frequently administered in sub-Saharan Africa because of challenges hampering standardization efforts. Yet a salient topical issue in the cross-cultural neuropsychology literature relates to the utility of Western-normed neuropsychological tests in minority groups, non-Caucasians, and by extension Ghanaians. Consequently, this study investigates the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of executive function (EF) tests (The Stroop Test, Trail Making Test, and Controlled Oral Word Association Test), and a Revised Quick Cognitive Screening Test (RQCST) in a sample of 50 patients diagnosed with moderate traumatic brain injury and 50 healthy controls in Ghana. The EF test scores showed good diagnostic accuracy, with area under the curve (AUC) values of the Trail Making Test scores ranging from .746 to .902. With respect to the Stroop Test scores, the AUC values ranged from .793 to .898, while Controlled Oral Word Association Test had AUC value of .787. The RQCST scores discriminated between the groups, with AUC values ranging from .674 to .912. The AUC values of composite EF score and a neuropsychological score created from EF and RQCST scores were .936 and. 942, respectively. Additionally, the Stroop Test, Trail Making Test, EF composite score, and RQCST scores showed good to excellent sensitivities and specificities. In general, this study has shown that commonly used EF tests in Western countries have diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity when administered in Ghanaian samples. The findings and implications of the study are discussed.
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Adu, Patrick, David Larbi Simpong, Godfred Takyi, and Richard K. D. Ephraim. "Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency and Sickle Cell Trait among Prospective Blood Donors: A Cross-Sectional Study in Berekum, Ghana." Advances in Hematology 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7302912.
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Background.Blood transfusion is a therapeutic procedure usually undertaken in patients with severe anaemia. In Ghana, severe anaemia is mostly due to malaria caused by severePlasmodium falciparuminfection, road traffic accidents, and haemoglobinopathy-induced acute haemolysis.Method.This cross-sectional study evaluated coinheritance of sickle cell haemoglobin variant and G6PD enzymopathy among individuals that donated blood at the Holy Trinity Hospital, Berekum, in the Brong-Ahafo Region, Ghana. Demographic data and other pertinent information were captured using questionnaire. Sickle cell haemoglobin variants were determined using cellulose acetate electrophoresis (pH 8.6). Qualitative G6PD status and quantitative G6PD enzyme activity were determined using methaemoglobin reduction and Trinity Biotech G6PD test kit, respectively.Results.Prevalence of sickle cell trait (SCT) and G6PD enzymopathy coinheritance was 7%. In addition, 19.5% of the donors had 10%–60% of normal G6PD enzyme activity suggesting that these donor units are prone to stressor-induced acute haemolysis when given to recipients. Mild G6PD activity (p=0.03, OR: 2.410 (CI: 1.049–5.534)), commercial (p=0.020, OR: 5.609 (CI: 1.309–24.035)), and voluntary (p=0.034, OR: 2.404 (CI: 1.071–5.397)) donors were significantly associated with SCT.Conclusion.Screening for red cell pathologies must be incorporated into existing protocols for populations with high incidence of haemoglobinopathies to protect high-risk recipients.
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Nkrumah, Bright. "Beyond Willingness to Speak Chinese: Case of Transferring Learning Chinese into Communication among University of Ghana Students." Global Journal of Foreign Language Teaching 11, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjflt.v11i1.5339.
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Willingness to communicate (WTC) has become an important role that facilitate language learning, the aim of this paper is to investigate WTC in Chinese as foreign language of motivation to transfer learning through oral communication among students learning Chinese at the university of Ghana. Second language learner’s motivation to transfer learning is grounded on effort, desire, knowledge, and skills learned in classroom and beyond the classroom to achieve the goal of learning a language. By adopting a survey approach, a quantitative data was administered for the study via questionnaires. one hundred (100) participants from level 200,300 and 400 were involved in the study to ascertain the factors that influence student’s willingness to communicate in Chinese. According to the results, personality trait, environment and teaching practice, language skills, the complexity of medium of translation, anxiety and self-confidence, were factors that contributes to students WTC.
Keywords-University of Ghana, Chinese learners, willingness to communicate
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Obed, Samuel Amenyi, Samuel Antwi Oppong, Magdalene Torto, Serwah Aboagye, Mercy Anna Nuamah, and Kwaku Asah-Opoku. "Awareness of Sickle Cell Trait Status: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Antenatal Women in Ghana." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 96, no. 3 (March 8, 2017): 735–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0396.
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Akoto-Baako, Hansen, Prem Jotham Heeralal, and Bernard Kissi-Abrokwah. "Concept of Increase Enrolment: Its effect on teachers in Ghana." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 12, no. 6 (November 5, 2021): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/mjss-2021-0066.
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This study investigated the effects of increase in enrolment on teachers in second cycle institutions in Ghana. The effects of increase enrolment on teacher’s work load, classroom management, health, social life and classroom interaction. The study employed the pragmatic paradigm and mixed method approach. Concurrent triangulation comprising descriptive survey for the quantitative phase and a case study for the qualitative phase. Self-developed questionnaire and semi-structured interview schedule were used to collect data from respondents. A total of hundred and forty-seven (147) respondents were used for the study. It was made up of one hundred and forty (140) teachers used at the quantitative phase and seven (7) head teachers used in the qualitative phase. The study found out that increase enrolment increased the workload of teachers significantly, and exposed teachers to health challenges. The study also revealed that increase enrolment made it very difficult for teachers to manage their classrooms and interact with students during instructional periods. The study recommended that teaching assistants be assigned to all teachers, government should set up a special body which is made up of occupational counsellors, psychologists, physicians who will tasked to organize programs on monthly bases to educate teachers on how to manage work related stress they encounter. Finally, the government should build more schools and make it a priority to train more teachers.
Received: 15 September 2021 / Accepted: 16 October 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
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Asamoah-Gyimah, Kenneth. "Classroom Assessment Data Use Practices Among Basic School Teachers in Ghana." International Journal of Contemporary Education 5, no. 1 (October 30, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijce.v5i1.5395.
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Assessment results can be a guide to instruction, and they can ensure that the prescribed curriculum is well covered. When assessment data are used as a means of making appropriate instructional adjustments for improvement, teaching and learning progresses. The study examined basic school teachers’ perception and use of assessment data. Cross-sectional survey design was used for the conduct of the study. Hundred and fifty (150) teachers within the Central region of Ghana were sampled from twenty (20) basic schools using systematic sampling procedure. A two-dimensional questionnaire was adapted, validated and used for the collection of research data. The data to provide answers to the study question were analysed using descriptive statistics, specifically, percentages and frequencies. The hypothesis was tested using Partial Least Square structural equation modelling approach. Findings revealed that in practice, basic school teachers use assessment data to plan instruction, evaluate students’ learning progress, determine curriculum strands to emphasize during teaching sessions and also to evaluate instructional effectiveness for the academic year. The study further showed that teacher perception about assessment significantly predict assessment data use. The study recommends that, tertiary institutions that train teachers must continue to place much emphasis on the teaching of ‘assessment in schools’ to deepen prospective teachers’ knowledge and utilization of assessment data for sustenance of positive ‘assessment data use practices’ in Ghana basic schools.
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Gabriel Awuah, Augustine Anane, and Sethlina Araba Kakra Egyir. "The Effect of procurement process on procurement performance of public tertiary institutions in Ghana." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 13, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.13.2.0097.
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The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of procurement process on tertiary institutions in Ghana. The objectives of the study include examining the effect of procurement planning on procurement performance of public tertiary universities, assessing the effect of procurement controlling on procurement performance of public tertiary universities and ascertaining the effect of procurement monitoring on procurement performance of public tertiary universities. A casual research design and cross-sectional data were collected from employees of various tertiary institutions in Ghana to answer the questions the study wanted to address. The data was collected from the respondents was entered into SPSS. The SPSS output was then used to run the regression output as well as the descriptive statistics for data analysis. The results were then presented using tables. The study finds that procurement planning, procurement control and procurement monitoring has a positive and significant effect on the procurement performance of the tertiary institutions used for the study. The study recommends that steps are taken to train the members of staff of all public institutions on the relevance of the procurement process to the success of these institutions. It is further recommended that auditors in public tertiary institutions take steps to uncover any procurement breaches that occur in these institutions so that action is taken to correct such procurement breaches.
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Dharsee, Nazima Jaffer, Beatrice W. Addai, Lisa Murray, Amanda Shewbridge, Maria Aresu, Susannah Jane Stanway, Sheila Small, Geraldine o'Gara, Seth A. Wiafe, and Theresa Wiseman. "Developing survivorship services in Ghana and Tanzania." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e24132-e24132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e24132.
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e24132 Background: The incidence of breast cancer is increasing in low- & middle- income countries (LMICs). Alongside attempts to reduce the disparity in cancer survival between high-income countries (HIC) & LMICs, it is important that survivorship is well understood and managed in an evidence based, resource and culturally sensitive manner. This project aimed to develop knowledge, skills and services concerning living with and beyond breast cancer primary treatment. Methods: This 3-phase study used mixed methods. Phase 1 used participant observation and focus group interviews (FGIs) to scope experience, resources, current practice, and challenges to implementing a recovery package. In Phase 2 nurses used the adapted Holistic Needs Assessment (HNA) with 500 women in Tanzania and Ghana, who were also offered a recovery care plan and treatment summary following their breast cancer primary treatment. Data was entered into a macro database & analysed using descriptive statistics. Phase 3 was the development of a culturally sensitive “Foundations in Cancer Care” training toolkit for nurses. The toolkit was based on a “train the trainer” model and included slides, an existing palliative care toolkit and exercises. The training programme consisted of 5 days teaching covering theory and practice. Data collection included: Initial FGIs to ascertain learning needs, confidence in knowledge & skills, assessed pre & post teaching course, and course evaluation. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: In Phase 1 six themes were identified concerning experience of breast cancer which included cultural beliefs & practices and access to treatment & support. Phase 2 data from Tanzania showed a similar level of unmet need at the end of treatment to a previous similar published analysis from the UK. Data from Ghana showed a much higher level of unmet need. Evaluation following Phase 3 showed a positive change in nurses’ confidence in their knowledge. Conclusions: This mixed methods three-phase study has documented experience, resources and current practise around breast cancer survivorship in two African centers treating breast cancer. The feasibility of using HNA to identify unmet needs in these women has been demonstrated and needs the identified. Results from the HNA informed a training toolkit which was implemented and positively received and could be adapted for use in other LMICs.
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Meena, S. S., R. Chambuso, and C. Edusa. "Training and Skills-Gaining Fellowship for Cancer Radiotherapy Planning and Treatment With 3D-CRT in Ghana." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 92s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.22500.
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Background: The global incidence of cancer is rising, especially in low and middle income countries. Radiotherapy is important in cancer treatment of curative and palliative care, either alone or in combination with other treatment modalities. However radiotherapy techniques have evolved from two dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). In addition, this new image-based treatment planning reduces the volume of surrounding normal tissues to be irradiated unnecessarily and being exposed to high dose of radiation. Thus improves treatment outcome while reducing treatment related toxicities. Aim: To train and gain skills in radiotherapy planning and treatment with modern radiation 3D-CRT technology in Ghana. Methods: Hospital based cross sectional study will be conducted at the Sweden Ghana Medical Centre in Ghana and the Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI), in Tanzania. We will recruit patients with a convenient sample size, from different cancer diagnosis and stages after obtaining their signed consents. The outcome from 2D and 3D planning and treatment techniques will be compared. We will use pretreatment CT scan images to assess tumor size prior to treatment and posttreatment CT scan images to assess treatment response. Furthermore, the WHO toxicity grading criteria will be used to assess early treatment related side effects between 2D and 3D treatment techniques. Results: I have not yet been on the fellowship program, I will go to Ghana on 1st May 2018 and am expecting to finish my fellowship at the end of May 2018. I will have a final report concerning my fellowship project by August 2018, hence I will present the results of my visit to the World Cancer Congress in October 2018. I will also share my skills and knowledge obtained during my fellowship program in Ghana to my home institution and other cancer care hospitals in Tanzania through regular conference meetings, Continuous Medical Education (CME) sessions and during my daily clinical practice while supervising postgraduate students pursuing masters of medicine in clinical oncology. After data analysis, I expect my results will show better treatment outcome with minimal early treatment side effects in 3D than 2D radiotherapy planning and treatment techniques. Conclusion: This training will significantly improve patient's treatment outcomes, care and quality of life due to minimum tissue damage after 3D conformal radiotherapy with intensity modulated radiation.
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Nero, Bertrand F., Benjamin B. Campion, Nelson Agbo, Daniel Callo-Concha, and Manfred Denich. "Tree and Trait Diversity, Species Coexistence, and Diversity-functional Relations of Green Spaces in Kumasi, Ghana." Procedia Engineering 198 (2017): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.07.164.
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Adu-Bredu, Stephen, Daniel A. Ofori, Anders Ræbild, Jon K. Hansen, Appolinaire Koffi, Philipp Vigneron, and Erik D. Kjær. "Trait variations in 28-year-old teak (Tectona grandis) provenance field trials in Ghana, West Africa." Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science 81, no. 1 (September 9, 2018): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/20702620.2018.1490993.
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Kerr, Frances, Israel Abebrese Sefah, Darius Obeng Essah, Alison Cockburn, Daniel Afriyie, Joyce Mahungu, Mariyam Mirfenderesky, et al. "Practical Pharmacist-Led Interventions to Improve Antimicrobial Stewardship in Ghana, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia." Pharmacy 9, no. 3 (July 8, 2021): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy9030124.
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The World Health Organisation (WHO) and others have identified, as a priority, the need to improve antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) interventions as part of the effort to tackle antimicrobial resistance (AMR). An international health partnership model, the Commonwealth Partnerships for Antimicrobial Stewardship (CwPAMS) programme, was established between selected countries in Africa (Ghana, Tanzania, Zambia and Uganda) and the UK to support AMS. This was funded by UK aid under the Fleming Fund and managed by the Commonwealth Pharmacists Association (CPA) and Tropical Health and Education Trust (THET). The primary aims were to develop local AMS teams and generate antimicrobial consumption surveillance data, quality improvement initiatives, infection prevention and control (IPC) and education/training to reduce AMR. Education and training were key components in achieving this, with pharmacists taking a lead role in developing and leading AMS interventions. Pharmacist-led interventions in Ghana improved access to national antimicrobial prescribing guidelines via the CwPAMS mobile app and improved compliance with policy from 18% to 70% initially for patients with pneumonia in one outpatient clinic. Capacity development on AMS and IPC were achieved in both Tanzania and Zambia, and a train-the-trainer model on the local production of alcohol hand rub in Uganda and Zambia. The model of pharmacy health partnerships has been identified as a model with great potential to be used in other low and middle income countries (LMICs) to support tackling AMR.
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Zhang, Qi, Adjei Courage Kwabla, Yanhui Zhuang, Mingjun Ling, Yuguang Wei, and Hao Yang. "Research on Loading and Unloading Resource Scheduling and Optimization of Rail–Road Transportation in Container Terminal Based on “Internet +” —for Ghana Container Port Development Planning." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (January 9, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6972123.
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Based on the “Internet +” technology, this paper establishes a logistics information platform for the container terminal. Under the premise of the scheduled arrival time and quantity of the truck, this paper aims at minimizing the working time of the loading and unloading equipment and the stay time of the train and truck in the station, and develops a scheduling optimization of loading and unloading model combing equilibrium assignment and flexible scheduling to realize the seamless transfer between rail and road transportation in container terminal. In order to solve the model, a multi-layer coding genetic algorithm with chromosome feasibility is designed to obtain the optimal scheduled time for the truck, and the optimal operation sequence of the gantry crane. Referring to China’s container station, this paper takes Takoradi container terminal of Ghana as a case to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the model and algorithm and provides the medium or long term planning for Ghana’s development.
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Brobbey, Williams, Frank Bentum Mensah, Francis Kodwo Fordjour, and Moses Amo. "Factors Affecting Effective Delivery of Technical Skills Practical Lessons in The Colleges of Education in Ghana." International Journal of Vocational and Technical Education Research 8, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ijvter.15/vol8n1pp1122.
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Despite the various interventions to ensure that technical colleges of education graduates are well equipped with the requisite practical skills to be able to train students in the basic concept of technical education and training for the technological advancement of the country, it has not been able to transform most students at the basic level of education. The purpose of this study is mainly to assess factors affecting effective delivery of technical skills practical lessons in selected colleges of education in Ghana. A census of the tutor population of 17 was used for the study. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics and results presented in tables. The study found that, most of the facilities for practical work were non-existence, students have little experience on practical work, the factors affecting practical work were practical experience of teachers, teaching experience, age, among others. It was evident that, provision of adequate resources, exposing students to the importance of practical work and organization educative field trips to firms could be used to improve the organization of practical work in the colleges of education.
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Lotey, Ebenezer Kwesi, Yarhands Dissou Arthur, Joseph Frank Gordon, and Benjamin Adu-Obeng. "Modeling basic school teachers acceptance of instructional technology in advancing mathematical pedagogy in Ghana." Contemporary Mathematics and Science Education 4, no. 1 (January 6, 2023): ep23006. http://dx.doi.org/10.30935/conmaths/12811.
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In this study a modified technology acceptance model (TAM) was used to examine factors that determine information and communication technology (ICT) adoption in junior high school (JHS) mathematics classrooms in Ghana. The study purely employed a quantitative research method. A cross sectional survey was conducted using 180 basic school mathematics instructors in the Kumasi Metro using a questionnaire. Multiple stepwise regression was used as the statistical technique to analyze the data. The study found that usage training, perceived ease of use (PEU), perceived usefulness (PU), and attitude towards use (ATU), had a direct and positive impact on the JHS mathematics instructors’ intentions to utilize ICT for academic purposes. It was likewise concluded that the perceived ICT usefulness was found to be the most influential factor for the instructors’ intention to utilize ICT. The significant effect of usage training was statistically supported against the original TAM constructs utilized in this study. Also, the result from the study further reveals that mathematics facilitators intension to use ICT is not merely based on PEU, PU, and ATU, but fostered through educational culture to train their teaching staff in order to increase their competence and ability to use the instructional technology for academic purposes.
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Ankrah, Nii Ayi, Antonia Y. Tetteh, Nancy Coffie, and Achana Niagiah. "Characterization of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L. var. altissima Wester) Accessions in Northern Ghana by Agro-morphological Traits." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 9 (August 13, 2018): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n9p64.
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Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L. var. altissima Wester) is a bast fiber crop of global economic importance. Although West Africa is considered the centre of diversity, roselle research and utilization is widely ignored. The awakening of industrialization in Ghana presents roselle as a candidate crop for exploration, however, information on genotypes of economic importance is lacking. Our objective was to map roselle population hotspots in northern Ghana and examine genetic variability therein. Thirty-six roselle accessions collected from five regions in Ghana were planted in field trials using a 6 × 6 lattice square design in three replications and evaluated for seven qualitative and four quantitative morphological traits covering plant type, leaf and stem characteristics, and growth habit. Data were analysed by Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (SDI) and analysis of variance. A large variability was identified between the accessions. The mean SDI values in the 18 districts ranged from 0.53 to 0.73 with Savelugu-Nanton district having the largest diversity and having accessions with the highest mean plant height of 308.27±48.91 cm, highest branching point at 107.19±64.66 cm, and few branches not exceeding 5.0 in number. Majority of the accessions exhibited low branching points. The most variable trait was branch number with SDI of 0.83±0.12. Accessions HA-07, HA-11, HA-12, HA-21, and HA-33 ranked highest with respect to plant height with few branches at high branching points, and large basal diameter. The ample diversity in roselle and identification of genotypes of economic importance await their exploitation for genetic improvement, particularly for fiber yield.
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Stalsberg, Helge, Ernest Kwasi Adjei, Osei Owusu-Afriyie, and Vidar Isaksen. "Sustainable Development of Pathology in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Example From Ghana." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 141, no. 11 (November 1, 2017): 1533–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2016-0498-oa.
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Context.— Pathology services are poorly developed in Sub-Saharan Africa. Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana, asked for help from the pathology department of the University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø. Objective.— To reestablish surgical pathology and cytology in an African pathology department in which these functions had ceased completely, and to develop the department into a self-supporting unit of good international standard and with the capacity to train new pathologists. Design.— Medical technologists from Kumasi were trained in histotechnology in Norway, they were returned to Kumasi, and they produced histologic slides that were temporarily sent to Norway for diagnosis. Two Ghanaian doctors received pathology training for 4 years in Norway. Mutual visits by pathologists and technologists from the 2 hospitals were arranged for the introduction of immunohistochemistry and cytology. Pathologists from Norway visited Kumasi for 1 month each year during 2007–2010. Microscopes and immunohistochemistry equipment were provided from Norway. Other laboratory equipment and a new building were provided by the Ghanaian hospital. Results.— The Ghanaian hospital had a surgical pathology service from the first project year. At 11 years after the start of the project, the services included autopsy, surgical pathology, cytopathology, frozen sections, and limited use of immunohistochemistry, and the department had 10 residents at different levels of training. Conclusions.— A Ghanaian pathology department that performed autopsies only was developed into a self-supported department with surgical pathology, cytology, immunohistochemistry, and frozen section service, with an active residency program and the capacity for further development that is independent from assistance abroad.
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Ziggah, Yao Yevenyo, Hu Youjian, Alfonso Rodrigo Tierra, and Prosper Basommi Laari. "Coordinate Transformation between Global and Local Datums Based on Artificial Neural Network with K-Fold Cross-Validation: A Case Study, Ghana." Earth Sciences Research Journal 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v23n1.63860.
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The popularity of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) methodology has been growing in a wide variety of areas in geodesy and geospatial sciences. Its ability to perform coordinate transformation between different datums has been well documented in literature. In the application of the ANN methods for the coordinate transformation, only the train-test (hold-out cross-validation) approach has usually been used to evaluate their performance. Here, the data set is divided into two disjoint subsets thus, training (model building) and testing (model validation) respectively. However, one major drawback in the hold-out cross-validation procedure is inappropriate data partitioning. Improper split of the data could lead to a high variance and bias in the results generated. Besides, in a sparse dataset situation, the hold-out cross-validation is not suitable. For these reasons, the K-fold cross-validation approach has been recommended. Consequently, this study, for the first time, explored the potential of using K-fold cross-validation method in the performance assessment of radial basis function neural network and Bursa-Wolf model under data-insufficient situation in Ghana geodetic reference network. The statistical analysis of the results revealed that incorrect data partition could lead to a false reportage on the predictive performance of the transformation model. The findings revealed that the RBFNN and Bursa-Wolf model produced a transformation accuracy of 0.229 m and 0.469 m, respectively. It was also realised that a maximum horizontal error of 0.881 m and 2.131 m was given by the RBFNN and Bursa-Wolf. The obtained results per the cadastral surveying and plan production requirement set by the Ghana Survey and Mapping Division are applicable. This study will contribute to the usage of K-fold cross-validation approach in developing countries having the same sparse dataset situation like Ghana as well as in the geodetic sciences where ANN users seldom apply the statistical resampling technique.
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Mohammed, Abubakari Sadiq, Sylvester Nsobire Ayambila, and Sadia Lukman. "An empirical investigation of the impact of social media tool usage on employees work performance among Ghana Commercial Bank Workers." Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management 20, no. 1 (November 17, 2022): 1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.14488/bjopm.1382.2023.
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Goal: The motivation of this paper is to forge and foster an insightful and comprehensive understanding of social media potential and its possible impact on Ghana Commercial Bank employees’ performance. Design / Methodology / Approach: Five cities were strategically sampled using convenient sampling technique to represent the various diversifications in corporate compositions. Data was collected from 249 workers of the Ghana Commercial Bank. The study utilized the structural equation modeling technique to construct and evaluate the proposed research model. Results: Social media usage had a significant positive relationship with employee engagement and knowledge transfer. Knowledge transfer had no significant relationship with work performance and employee engagement had a significant positive relationship with work performance. Experience with social media had a significant moderating effect on relationship between knowledge transfer and work performance. Research limitations/implications: The study covered employees from one bank and this has implications on generalization. The study used cross sectional data and employed quantitative analysis. Mixed methods would have added some insights and longitudinal data could further unravel causal relationships among overtime. Practical implications: Social media platform managers and policy makers within the banking sector should proactively harness social media platform and utilize to benefit corporate bodies. Banking authorities and allied stakeholders should train workers to ensure positive inclination to social media usage. Originality/Value: Contributes to theory by validating and establishing the theoretical model. The findings provide insights with respect to development and subsequent deployment of practical guidelines for successful integration of social media in enterprise activities.
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Burchard, Gerd-Dieter, Edmund N. L. Browne, Jürgen Sievertsen, Jürgen May, and Christian G. Meyer. "Spleen size determined by ultrasound in patients with sickle cell trait, HbAC trait and glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency in a malaria hyperendemic area (Ashanti Region, Ghana)." Acta Tropica 80, no. 2 (October 2001): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-706x(01)00157-7.
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Akpertey, Abraham, Esther Anim-Kwapong, Paul Kwasi Krah Adu-Gyamfi, and Atta Ofori. "Genetic variation among biparental Robusta coffee families and implications for variety development." Experimental Agriculture 56, no. 2 (August 6, 2019): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479719000255.
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AbstractUnderstanding the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance (GA) of traits in any plant population is an important pre-requisite for variety development. The objectives of the study were to assess the level of genetic variability among vegetative growth traits and yield, assess the relationship among the growth traits and yield and predict GA for the most heritable traits among Robusta coffee full-sib families. The trial was established in June 2009 at the experimental fields of the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana with 62 full-sib families planted in a randomized complete block design with six replications. Significant (p < 0.05) variation was observed among the full-sib families evaluated for all traits, except for span (canopy diameter). Span and number of laterals were genetically correlated (p < 0.001) with cumulative yield (2013–2017), with span being the vegetative growth trait most strongly related to cumulative yield (rg = 0.60, p < 0.001). The most heritable vegetative growth and yield traits were, respectively, number of laterals (H2 = 0.59) and cumulative yield (H2 = 0.41). The top 10 families (BP40, BP41, BP9, BP36, BP34, BP28, BP37, BP14, BP4 and BP10) in terms of cumulative yield are proposed for multi-location evaluation and possible release as hybrids for coffee farmers in Ghana.
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Adewumi, Adeyinka S., Paul A. Asare, Michael O. Adu, Kingsley J. Taah, Selorm Akaba, Jean M. Mondo, and Paterne A. Agre. "Farmers’ perceptions on varietal diversity, trait preferences and diversity management of bush yam (Dioscorea praehensilis Benth.) in Ghana." Scientific African 12 (July 2021): e00808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00808.
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Fenyi, Daniel Arkoh, and Ivy Jones-Mensah. "Higher Order Thinking Skills in English Language Teaching: The Case of Colleges of Education in Ghana." Linguistics Initiative 2, no. 1 (March 23, 2022): 13–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.53696/27753719.2124.
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The teaching and learning of language has, for many years, been centered on the four language competencies- listening, speaking, reading and writing. However, in modern times, the need to train students with critical, analytical, evaluative, creative, and problem-solving skills in order to meet and deal with the complex nature of modern-day challenges and real-life issues has made the teaching and learning of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) indispensable. This study, therefore, investigates the attitude of language tutors towards the teaching of HOTS. This study has a descriptive qualitative approach. 39 English language tutors from the Colleges of Education who voluntarily availed themselves as participants were recruited for the study. Using semi-structured interviews and classroom observation as data collection instruments, the data were subjected to a thematic analysis. It is revealed that teachers perceive HOTS to be a good concept and hence use strategies such as asking open-ended questions, engaging learners in group works, classroom discussions, lecturing method, asking learners to produce and/or create their own materials and the giving of constructive feedback to implement it. Regardless of all their efforts, teachers face challenges such as incompetency, learner’s low proficiency, learner’s inability to grasp concepts, insufficient and irrelevant teaching materials, time, and financial constraints. The study, therefore, recommends that HOTS be given some more attention in language teaching in Ghana.
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Jumpah, Emmanuel Tetteh, Emmanuel Kojo Tetteh, and Abdulai Adams. "Microcredit Repayment among Smallholder Farmers: What Microfinance Institutions Need to Know." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 8, no. 2 (November 7, 2018): 74–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.1005/2018.8.2/1005.2.74.91.
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Microcredit default among borrowers has been rising in recent years but empirical evidence to ascertain the factors determining repayment remain lacking especially in developing countries like Ghana. This study contributes to addressing this knowledge gap. The study used data of 224 microcredit borrowers from Ada West and Ada East districts to analyse factors determining repayment rate among smallholder farmer borrowers. Applying the logistic regression model, farmer and credit specific characteristics were used to analyse the determinants of microcredit repayment. From the logistic regression, age, gender, income, and number of dependants increase the likelihood of repayment. However, membership of farmer based organization, experience, interest rate, and duration of loan repayment negatively influences loan repayment. The study also found delays in loan disbursement resulted in loan use for unproductive ventures and repayment challenges. In addition, lack of training for borrowers on credit management, and investment procedures adversely impacted on loan repayment. The paper recommends that MFIs should institute measures to train borrowers on loan utilization, focus on women clients, since they have higher probability of repayment, reduce interest rate as well as putting in place mechanisms to reduce cost of operations.
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Fagariba, Clifford James, Shaoxian Song, and Serge Kévin Gildas Soule Baoro. "Climate change in Upper East Region of Ghana; challenges existing in farming practices and new mitigation policies." Open Agriculture 3, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 524–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2018-0057.
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Abstract Countries and international organizations are making conscious effort to address climate change threat to humanity. Rising fossil fuel burning and land use changes to meet human demands continuously emit large quantities of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere thus causing climate change. The research used Talensi District as a case study to determine factors influencing farmers’ adaptation response and the actual practices used to avert climate change impact. A total of 225 small-scale farmers were sampled for survey and 100 key informants were used in focus group discussions. Utilizing the logistic regression model, the study indicated that education, transportation, inputs cost and extension services were the factors with high tendency of undermining farmers’ ability to adapt to climate change. In addition, Weighted Average Index used to measure weather extremes revealed that drought and temperature had the highest level of occurrence. Climate change adaptation practices assessed in the study showed that change in planting date, improved crops varieties and land rotation were the most preferred practices. The study concluded that farmers resilience could be enhanced if governments and concerned organizations intensify adaptation campaigns, increase access to weather information, and train farmers on adaptable practices including, timely planting and alternative sources of livelihood. In addition, intensifying government support for agriculture including input subsidies, and provision of irrigation facilities were also good interventions to improve climate change resilience.
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Abukari, Ammal, Donkor Christian, and Kwame Ochire-Boadu. "Bulk density and porosity of soils influenced by skidding operations in the Nkrankwanta Off-Forest Reserve of Ghana." Advances in Forestry Science 8, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 1409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.34062/afs.v8i2.9530.
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Heavy forest machinery used in skidding has the capacity to influence the physical properties of soils. These may possibly lead to an upsurge in soil disruption and compaction of the soil surface decreases forest soil fertilities. This study assesses the effects of skidding on some soil physical properties such as the soil bulk density and porosity in the Nkrankwanta off-forest reserve in Ghana. The treatments comprised of four traffic intensity levels (1, 5, 10, and 15 passes) of the Mercedes Benz skidder (MB) Trac 1800 and a slope of two levels (less than 20 % and greater than 20 %) in a completely randomized block design. In addition, porosity and soil bulk density were assessed at varied distances from the MB Trac 1800. Soil bulk density results showed increasing trends with traffic frequency. Soil bulk density measured in the undisturbed area was 0.64 g cm-3 and 0.56 g cm-3 at slopes of less than 20% and greater than 20%, respectively. On the skid trail, soil bulk density significantly increased with traffic frequency (p<0.05). However soil porosity declined. Soil porosity estimated in uninterrupted area was 59.10 % and 57.40 % at < 20% and > 20% slope, respectively. Soil porosity was significantly influenced via different skidder passes (p<0.05). The soil physical properties were not influenced by the steepness of the slope however acted together in the number of passes to influence soil porosity. The impacts of the skidder on soil physical properties were significantly apparent at distances of 2 m to each sideway of the skidding trail. In conclusion, distinct responsiveness ought to be considered throughout the operations of skidding to curtail unfriendly influences on soil physical properties in ground-base skidding.
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Laari, Timothy Tienbia, Felix Apiribu, Philemon Adoliwine Amooba, Adwoa Bemah Boamah Mensah, Timothy Gazari, Joseph Kuufaakang Kuunibe, Gideon Awenabisa Atanuriba, and Moses Haruna Akor. "Exploring the reasons for novice nurse educators’ transition from practice to academia in Ghana." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (October 14, 2021): e0258695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258695.
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Background There is an increasing transition rate of experienced clinical nurses from practice to academia. When nurses transition from practice to academia for the right reasons, it culminates in job satisfaction and retention. Thus, understanding what attracts clinical nurses to academia is an important consideration for employing and retaining competent nurse educators. Yet, there are gaps in research about what motivates nurses to transition from practice to academia within the Ghanaian context. This study aimed to explore the reasons for novice nurse educators’ transition from practice to academia in three Health Training Institutions in the Upper East Region of Ghana. Methods This qualitative descriptive phenomenology study used a purposive sampling method to select 12 novice nurse educators. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide through individual face-to-face in-depth interviews. Written informed consent was obtained and interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Data analysis was done manually guided by Colaizzi’s method of data analysis. Results Novice nurse educators transitioned from practice to academia because they were dissatisfied with their clinical nursing practice, they wanted more flexible work, they wanted to work autonomously, and they previously taught their clients in the clinical setting. Four themes emerged namely: (1) dissatisfied with clinical nursing, (2) quest for flexible work role, (3) quest for work autonomy, and (4) previous clinical teaching. Conclusion The reasons for transitioning from practice to academia were mostly born out of novice nurse educators’ previous negative experiences in the clinical setting which ought to be considered in the recruitment and retention of teaching staff to train the future nurses. There is the need to revise and implement a tutor recruitment policy that takes into account, what attracts clinical nurses to the academic setting.
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Appiah-Kubi, David, James Yaw Asibuo, Louis Butare, Stephen Yeboah, Zippora Appiah-Kubi, Alexander Wireko Kena, Henry Oppong Tuffour, and Richard Akromah. "Heat Stress Tolerance: A Prerequisite for the Selection of Drought- and Low Phosphorus-Tolerant Common Beans for Equatorial Tropical Regions Such as Ghana." Plants 11, no. 18 (September 9, 2022): 2352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11182352.
Full textAbstract:
Forty common bean accessions of multiple genetic background trait attribution regarding drought tolerance were selected based on mean yield performance from an earlier field test evaluation conducted using augmented RCBD. The various bean genotypes were further evaluated with phosphorus and water treatment interactions at two different levels for each factor. The experiment was conducted in a 2 × 2 × 40 factorial using RCBD with three replications under screen-house conditions at the CSIR-Crops Research Institute, Kumasi-Ghana. The objective was to select drought- and low phosphorus-tolerant common bean genotypes; which are suitable for tropical climatic conditions. The results showed that common bean with drought and heat trait tolerance survived, developed flowers and podded with seeds to physiological maturity, whilst genotypes with no heat trait tolerance had impaired reproductive structural development and growth disruption; thus, flowers could not develop into pods with seeds. This reproductive developmental anomaly was due to prevailing average daytime and nighttime high temperatures of 35.45 °C and 29.95 °C, respectively, recorded during the growth period, which reduced pollen fertility. Among the 478 experimental bean plants (two plants were missing) analyzed, 141 (29.5%) did not flower, 168 (35.18%) had their pods dropped whilst 99 (20.7%) podded with seeds to achieve physiological maturity. The podded-seed bean genotypes were of the SEF-line pedigrees, which were shown to be heat and drought-tolerant. Meanwhile, bean accessions with SMC, SMN and SMR code prefixes did not pod into seed despite possessing drought-tolerant traits. The effects of interactions between phosphorus and water treatments on the root characteristics of drought-tolerant common bean were as follows: root length, root surface area, average root diameter and root volume growth extensions doubled dimensionally under optimum conditions (P2W2) compared to stressed conditions (P1W1). The results from the present study identified four SEF-bean genotypes, namely, SEF15, SEF 47, SEF 60 and SEF 62, as superior yield performers, even under low soil phosphorus and in extreme high temperature conditions. Therefore, breeding for the selection of drought- and low-P-tolerant common bean for tropical agro-ecological environments must also consider concomitant heat stress tolerance.
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Willis, Justin, Nic Cheeseman, and Gabrielle Lynch. "The history of elections in Ghana, Kenya and Uganda. What We Can Learn from These ‘National Exercises’." Journal of African Elections 20, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20940/jae/2021/v20i2a1.
Full textAbstract:
A large literature has described the years after independence from colonial rule as a period of ‘departicipation’. Africa’s new rulers – whether driven by personal venality or a sincere commitment to nation-building – swiftly gave up on elections, or at best held elections that, by denying choice, left violence as the central dynamic of African politics. This article draws on the cases of Kenya, Ghana and Uganda in the late 1960s to argue that the emphasis often placed on the ‘speed and ease’ of this process has been overstated. Instead, Africa’s politicians and civil servants valued elections as a means to educate and discipline the public, even as they feared their possible outcomes. Building on a literature that focuses on the individual experience of elections rather than the presence or absence of parties, we argue that the rhetoric of politicians and civil servants shows that they saw elections as ‘exercises’ – a revealing term – that would train and test their new citizens. Yet this is not the whole story: voters understood their participation in their own terms and played a role in how early experiments with elections played out. The political closures of these years were real, but their course was unplanned and contingent, shaped partly by popular involvement. These points are not only of historical value, but also provide important insights into the extent to which contemporary elections are instruments of elite power or the drivers of democratisation.
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Willis, Justin, Nic Cheeseman, and Gabrielle Lynch. "The history of elections in Ghana, Kenya and Uganda. What We Can Learn from These ‘National Exercises’." Journal of African Elections 20, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20940/jae/2021/v20i2a1.
Full textAbstract:
A large literature has described the years after independence from colonial rule as a period of ‘departicipation’. Africa’s new rulers – whether driven by personal venality or a sincere commitment to nation-building – swiftly gave up on elections, or at best held elections that, by denying choice, left violence as the central dynamic of African politics. This article draws on the cases of Kenya, Ghana and Uganda in the late 1960s to argue that the emphasis often placed on the ‘speed and ease’ of this process has been overstated. Instead, Africa’s politicians and civil servants valued elections as a means to educate and discipline the public, even as they feared their possible outcomes. Building on a literature that focuses on the individual experience of elections rather than the presence or absence of parties, we argue that the rhetoric of politicians and civil servants shows that they saw elections as ‘exercises’ – a revealing term – that would train and test their new citizens. Yet this is not the whole story: voters understood their participation in their own terms and played a role in how early experiments with elections played out. The political closures of these years were real, but their course was unplanned and contingent, shaped partly by popular involvement. These points are not only of historical value, but also provide important insights into the extent to which contemporary elections are instruments of elite power or the drivers of democratisation.
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Dei, De-Graft Johnson, and Citizen Francis Tetteh. "Adoption and use of open-source software in academic libraries in Ghana." Ghana Library Journal 27, no. 1 (September 12, 2022): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/glj.v27i1.11.
Full textAbstract:
The study sought to assess the adoption and use of open-sourced software (OSS) in academic libraries in Ghana, specifically, find out the types, user-friendliness, the extent of use, advantages, and limitations of OSS within the academic library domain. This study adopted the descriptive survey and mixed research approach to collect data from 12 academic libraries that have adopted open-source software for managing their resources. The purposive sampling strategy was adopted to select 10 respondents (comprising the head of libraries, head and staff of the IT units of the libraries, and heads of the other units such as electronic resources, cataloging, classification, and referencing, among others) from each of the 12 libraries. Questionnaires (consisting of both closed-ended and open-ended questions) were used to collect primary data directly from the respondents. The study revealed that Koha, DSpace, Destiny, NewGenLib, Evergreen ILS, Fedora, WordPress, and Drupal were the open-sourced software deployed and used in the libraries and provided lots of advantages to the libraries. The open-sourced software was largely found to be easy to acquire, install, update, modify, use, operate; user-friendly; and more reliable and accessible. However, the use of open-sourced software in the libraries is mitigated by some limitations which include lack of continuous training on the use of the open-sourced software and inability of the open-sourced software; lack of expertise to train and manage the software among others. These limitations need to be addressed to alleviate their negative impact on the library. The research focused on the adoption and use of OSS in academic libraries in Ghana. Although the findings of the study are similar to perceptions and practices from researchers around the world, they can not be used as a basis for generalization across other scientific disciplines and settings. The study concludes that the deployment and use of OSS in academic libraries to manage its processes and functions are speedily changing the frontiers of the libraries. It is relevant in achieving optimal efficiency at a minimal cost in the library. The management of the libraries should put measures and policies to realize these benefits and arrest the challenges faced by the use of OSS.