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LADNER, Joël. "Global health education experience of a multidisciplinary curriculum at Rouen school of medicine, France." One Health & Risk Management 2, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.38045/ohrm.2021.4.04.
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Introduction. The interest in Global Health (HG) as an academic discipline has increased in the last decade. The Rouen School of Medicine is one of the first to offer a GH curriculum in France. The objective was to identify the characteristics and profile of students involved in a GH curriculum. Material and methods. In 2016 and 2017, a cross-sectional study was conducted, including enrolled in the GH course: 3rd and 4th year in medicine, midwifes studies and pharmacy. Based on self-questionnaire, data collected were motivations for health studies, investment in humanitarian associations, opinions about the GH topics. Results. A total of 422 students were included; 122 students attended to GH cursus (GH+) and 300 in control group (GH-). The students of the GH+ group were more likely to get involved in a humanitarian association (22.3% versus 6.7%, p<0.001) and to have already taken part in a humanitarian action (20.5% vs 9.3%, p=0.002). GH+ students were more likely to engage in professional practice abroad or in humanitarian medicine (67% versus 38%, p=0.001). Work in vulnerable populations, the impacts of climate change on health are frequent topics in GH+ group. Conclusions. Students enrolled in GH cursus presented a particular profile: predominantly female, open to The World, involved in caritative associations and aware of the importance of interculturality in the care relationship. Integrated training of future health workers is a promising avenue for a better management of effect of sanitary crisis (i.e. pandemic, climate change and health effects, etc.).
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Krugman, Daniel W., Malvikha Manoj, Ghiwa Nassereddine, Gabriela Cipriano, Francesca Battelli, Kimara Pillay, Razan Othman, et al. "Transforming global health education during the COVID-19 era: perspectives from a transnational collective of global health students and recent graduates." BMJ Global Health 7, no. 12 (December 2022): e010698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010698.
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Inspired by the 2021 BMJ Global Health Editorial by Atkinset alon global health (GH) teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic, a group of GH students and recent graduates from around the world convened to discuss our experiences in GH education during multiple global crises. Through weekly meetings over the course of several months, we reflected on the impact the COVID-19 pandemic and broader systemic inequities and injustices in GH education and practice have had on us over the past 2 years. Despite our geographical and disciplinary diversity, our collective experience suggests that while the pandemic provided an opportunity for changing GH education, that opportunity was not seized by most of our institutions. In light of the mounting health crises that loom over our generation, emerging GH professionals have a unique role in critiquing, deconstructing and reconstructing GH education to better address the needs of our time. By using our experiences learning GH during the pandemic as an entry point, and by using this collective as an incubator for dialogue and re-imagination, we offer our insights outlining successes and barriers we have faced with GH and its education and training. Furthermore, we identify autonomous collectives as a potential viable alternative to encourage pluriversality of knowledge and action systems and to move beyond Western universalism that frames most of traditional academia.
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Bills, Corey B., and James Ahn. "Global Health and Graduate Medical Education: A Systematic Review of the Literature." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 8, no. 5 (December 1, 2016): 685–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-15-00774.1.
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ABSTRACT Background Global health (GH) interest is increasing in graduate medical education (GME). The popularity of the GH topic has created growth in the GME literature. Objective The authors aim to provide a systematic review of published approaches to GH in GME. Methods We searched PubMed using variable keywords to identify articles with abstracts published between January 1975 and January 2015 focusing on GME approaches to GH. Articles meeting inclusion criteria were evaluated for content by authors to ensure relevance. Methodological quality was assessed using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI), which has demonstrated reliability and validity evidence. Results Overall, 69 articles met initial inclusion criteria. Articles represented research and curricula from a number of specialties and a range of institutions. Many studies reported data from a single institution, lacked randomization and/or evidence of clinical benefit, and had poor reliability and validity evidence. The mean MERSQI score among 42 quantitative articles was 8.87 (2.79). Conclusions There is significant heterogeneity in GH curricula in GME, with no single strategy for teaching GH to graduate medical learners. The quality of literature is marginal, and the body of work overall does not facilitate assessment of educational or clinical benefit of GH experiences. Improved methods of curriculum evaluation and enhanced publication guidelines would have a positive impact on the quality of research in this area.
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Sbaiti, Mariam, Mike J. Streule, Mervat Alhaffar, Victoria Pilkington, Melanie Leis, Shyam Sundar Budhathoki, Hala Mkhallalati, et al. "Whose voices should shape global health education? Curriculum codesign and codelivery by people with direct expertise and lived experience." BMJ Global Health 6, no. 9 (September 2021): e006262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006262.
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There are contrasting opinions of what global health (GH) curricula should contain and limited discussion on whose voices should shape it. In GH education, those with first-hand expertise of living and working in the contexts discussed in GH classrooms are often absent when designing curricula. To address this, we developed a new model of curriculum codesign called Virtual Roundtable for Collaborative Education Design (ViRCoED). This paper describes the rationale and outputs of the ViRCoED approach in designing a new section of the Global Health Bachelor of Science (BSc) curriculum at Imperial College London, with a focus on healthcare in the Syrian conflict. The team, importantly, involved partners with lived and/or professional experience of the conflict as well as alumni of the course and educators in all stages of design and delivery through to marking and project evaluation. The project experimented with disrupting power dynamics and extending ownership of the curriculum beyond traditional faculty by codesigning and codelivering module contents together with colleagues with direct expertise and experience of the Syrian context. An authentic approach was applied to assessment design using real-time syndromic healthcare data from the Aleppo and Idlib Governorates. We discuss the challenges involved in our collaborative partnership and describe how it may have enhanced the validity of our curriculum with students engaging in a richer representation of key health issues in the conflict. We observed an enhanced self-reflexivity in the students’ approach to quantitative data and its complex interpretation. The dialogic nature of this collaborative design was also a formative process for partners and an opportunity for GH educators to reflect on their own positionality. The project aims to challenge current standards and structures in GH curriculum development and gesture towards a GH education sector eventually led by those with lived experience and expertise to significantly enhance the validity of GH education.
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Jalan, Divyanshi, Helene Morakis, Neil Arya, Yassen Tcholakov, Jennifer Carpenter, and William Cherniak. "Global health training in Canadian family medicine residency programmes." Family Medicine and Community Health 8, no. 1 (March 2020): e000250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/fmch-2019-000250.
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ObjectiveCanadian family medicine (FM) residency programmes are responding to the growing demand to provide global health (GH) education to their trainees; herein, we describe the various GH activities (GHAs) offered within Canadian FM programmes.DesignA bilingual online survey was sent out to all 17 Canadian FM program directors (PDs) and/or an appointed GH representative.SettingOnline survey via QualtricsParticipantsAll 17 Canadian FM PDs and/or an appointed GH representative.ResultsThe response rate was 100% and represented 3250 first-year and second-year FM residents across English and French Canada. All schools stated that they participate in some form of GHAs. There was variation in the level of organisation, participation and types of GHAs offered. Overall, most GHAs are optional, and there is a large amount of variation in terms of resident participation. Approximately one third of programmes receive dedicated funding for their GHAs, and two thirds wish to increase the scope/variety of GHAs.ConclusionThese results suggest nationwide interest in developing a workforce trained in GH, but show great discrepancies in training, implementation and education.
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Balfour, M. "RE-EDUCATION IN GERMANY AFTER 1945: SOME FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS." German History 5, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gh/5.1.25.
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Sharma, Sanjeev K., Atul K. Singh, Dharmendra K. Gupta, Shashi Saxena, Meenakshi Singh, and Shyam B. Gupta. "Impact of socio-demographic variables and morbid conditions on general health component of perceived health using SF-36 form." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 5 (April 27, 2019): 1896. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20191451.
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Background: Perceived health (PH) is a subjective assessment of the health and it is a strong, independent and reliable predictor of morbidity, mortality. It includes so many aspects that are difficult to capture clinically such as incipient disease, physiological, psychological reserves. We assessed the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), co-morbidity and other associated factors on the general health (GH) dimension of the PH of the patients attending the outpatient department (OPD), Inpatient department (IPD), rural health training centre (RHTC) and urban health training centre (UHTC) of Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences (SRMS, IMS), Bareilly.Methods: PH status of the patients was assessed by the GH dimension of the physical component summary of PH using the 36-Items short form health survey (SF-36).Results: The impact of morbidity deteriorate the GH score but hypertensive patients scored poor results as compared to those with DM and comorbid patients (p>0.05). Age was inversely related with GH scores but male gender, higher education (p<0.05) and good occupation were all associated with higher GH score. There was not much influence of geographical area on the GH scores but urban score slightly better and the association was insignificant (p>0.05).Conclusions: Male young patients from urban area, educated and good job performed better score for GH and association was significant for education and occupation. The presence of morbidity and co-morbid condition deteriorate the GH of the patients. The impact of various socio-demographic factors on the PH status was also evident in the study.
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Spackman, S. G. F. "German Influences on Education in the United States to 1917." German History 15, no. 2 (April 1, 1997): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gh/15.2.285.
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Mohseni, Shahrzad, Zahra Heydari, Mostafa Qorbani, and Mania Radfar. "Adherence to growth hormone therapy in children and its potential barriers." Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 31, no. 1 (January 26, 2018): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2017-0157.
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AbstractBackground:One of the main concerns in chronic diseases such as growth hormone (GH) deficiency is adherence to the treatment, which significantly affects treatment outcomes.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted among 169 GH recipient children (2–12 years) and teens (13–19 years) referred to a GH distributing teaching pharmacy. The eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) and auto-compliance method were used for the assessment of patients’ adherence to GH. The potential barriers to GH therapy adherence and medication persistence were also explored.Results:Based on the MMAS method, 56.7% of the children and 57.9% of the adolescent groups were adherent to GH therapy. Conversely, according to the auto-compliance method almost all the patients were adherent in the children (95.2%) and adolescent (95.5%) groups. Forgetting to take the injection or refill the prescription, being away from home, exhaustion from long-term injection, drug shortage and inaccessibility to the pharmacy were barriers found to be significantly associated with a low adherence in the children group. While in the adolescent group, forgetting to take the injection, painful injection, concern about long-term complications and exhaustion from long-term injection revealed a significant association with low adherence. Persistence with GH therapy was reported in 75.3% and 67% of children and adolescent patients, respectively.Conclusions:The current study revealed that overall adherence of the study population is low. Considering the barriers with significant association with adherence, different strategies can be incorporated to enhance adherence to GH therapy, i.e. providing early patient and parent education and support, medication reminder systems and longer duration of GH prescriptions.
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Homiah, PA, O. Sakyi-Dawson, AM Bonsu, and GS Marquis. "Microenterprise development coupled with nutrition education can help increase caregivers' incomes and household accessibility to animal source foods." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 12, no. 49 (March 1, 2012): 5725–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.49.enam4.
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Low income and lack of knowledge about child nutrition have been identified as key constraints to the use of Animal Source Foods (ASF) in the diets of young Ghanaian children. To improve ASF consumption among children in Ghana, the Enhancing Child Nutrition through Animal Source Food Management (ENAM) project introduced an intervention that combined women’s microenterprise development activities with nutrition education on the importance of ASF in children’s diets. The present study assessed the effects of the intervention on the participants’ enterprise performance, their contribution to key household and child-related expenditures as well as their households’ purchases of ASF. Additionally, household ASF consumption was assessed in monetary terms (measured in Ghana cedis (GH¢):1GH¢ = US$ 0.92).A structured questionnaire was used to interview 80 caregivers who participated in the ENAM project activities in four intervention communities and 80 non-participant caregivers in four control communities. Information solicited included household characteristics, profits from microenterprises and contributions to household food and non-food expenditures. Significantly more participant caregivers expanded (P=0.004) and diversified (P=0.004) their enterprises and, as a result, tended to have higher average enterprise profits (GH¢19.3 ± 2.2 vs. GH¢12.2 ± 1.9; P=0.08) and significantly higher savings (GH¢62.9 ± 2.2 vs. GH¢26.3 ± 1.9; P<0.05) than non-participant caregivers. In addition, the intervention was associated with significantly higher percentage of monetary contributions by caregivers towards children’s health expenses (P<0.05), school expenses (P<0.01) as well as expenses on clothing and footwear (P<0.01). Caregivers’ mean percentage contribution to household food expenses also tended to be higher (P<0.1) for participants (50.8 ± 3.5%) then for non-participants (41.8 ± 4.1%). Participant households also tended to spend more money (P<0.10) and consumed significantly more amounts (in monetary value) of ASF (P<0.01) than non-participant households. Being a participant in the ENAM project’s microenterprise development and nutrition education activities was associated with higher enterprise profits, savings deposits, contributions to household and children-related expenditures, and ASF consumption at the household level.
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Rowold, K. J. "'The Academic Woman': Minds, Bodies and Education in Britain and Germany, c. 1860-c. 1914." German History 15, no. 3 (July 1, 1997): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gh/15.3.392.
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Welch, D. "THE POLITICAL RE-EDUCATION OF GERMANY AFTER WORLD WAR II: A NEED FOR A REAPPRAISAL?" German History 4, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gh/4.1.23.
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Yuen, Kevin C. J. "Adult growth hormone deficiency guidelines: more difficult than it seems to incorporate into clinical practice universally." European Journal of Endocrinology 184, no. 4 (April 2021): C5—C7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-20-1455.
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Adult growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a syndrome characterized by adverse phenotypic, metabolic, and quality-of-life features. Over the past 2 decades, there is accumulating evidence demonstrating improvement of most of these parameters when GH is optimally replaced. Appropriate selection of patients at risk of GHD is crucial when considering and performing testing to establish the diagnosis. While generally safe, GH replacement requires careful dose initiation and monitoring to assure effectiveness and tolerance in treated patients. Several consensus clinical practice guidelines recommend evaluation of adults presenting with hypothalamic-pituitary disorders for GHD. However, the clinical practice of managing such patients varies among countries largely due to lack of recognition of the condition, lack of GH availability, and lack of reimbursement of the drug, as demonstrated from a large online survey prepared by the European Society of Endocrinology involving 2148 patients from Europe and Australia. These data reinforce the notion of the large variability of disease recognition, clinical practice and education of adult GHD amongst healthcare professionals, and the lack of availability and reimbursement of the drug contributing to the under-utilization of GH replacement therapy in several countries. This commentary article highlights the fact that despite the publication of several guideline recommendations and positive long-term safety and efficacy data of GH replacement, there is still a need for increased education to enhance the awareness in the general population and improve the knowledge of healthcare professionals and administrators of adult GHD as a disease state to allow for early identification and treatment optimization.
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Lauden, Stephanie M., Sophia Gladding, Tina Slusher, Cynthia Howard, and Michael B. Pitt. "Learning Abroad: Residents' Narratives of Clinical Experiences From a Global Health Elective." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 11, no. 4s (August 1, 2019): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-18-00701.
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ABSTRACT Background While resident participation in global health (GH) rotations has grown, little is known about trainee perceptions of the personal value of these international clinical experiences and their importance to the objectives of GH training. Objective We sought to better understand the clinical scenarios experienced during international rotations that residents perceived as most meaningful and the frequency of these experiences across scenarios and participating residents. Methods Using the conceptual framework of Schön's reflection on action, we asked University of Minnesota GH track pediatric and internal medicine–pediatric residents to describe 10 clinical scenarios they found interesting or impactful during their 2016–2017 GH elective. We conducted a qualitative analysis of the deidentified resident narratives and mapped themes to the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) competencies. Results All eligible residents (n = 13) participated, yielding 129 unique clinical scenarios from 7 countries. We identified 5 thematic groups: (1) addressing challenges in making diagnoses in resource-limited settings; (2) dealing with patient outcomes different from those expected in the United States; (3) encountering and managing diseases in a different clinical context; (4) encountering and managing diseases in a different cultural context; and (5) reflecting on learning and self-growth. Of the 129 unique clinical scenarios, 30% (n = 39) had not been previously experienced by participants. Across the 5 themes, all ACGME core competencies were addressed. Conclusions Residents identified meaningful scenarios of their GH experiences that are relevant to the educational and clinical objectives of GH training.
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Al-Shakarchi, Nader, Lucy Obolensky, Sarah Walpole, Harry Hemingway, and Amitava Banerjee. "Global health competencies in UK postgraduate medical training: a scoping review and curricular content analysis." BMJ Open 9, no. 8 (August 2019): e027577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027577.
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ObjectiveTo assess global health (GH) training in all postgraduate medical education in the UK.DesignMixed methodology: scoping review and curricular content analysis using two GH competency frameworks.Setting and participantsA scoping review (until December 2017) was used to develop a framework of GH competencies for doctors. National postgraduate medical training curricula were analysed against this and a prior framework for GH competencies. The number of core competencies addressed and/or appearing in each programme was recorded.OutcomesThe scoping review identified eight relevant publications. A 16-competency framework was developed and, with a prior 5-competency framework, used to analyse each of 71 postgraduate medical curricula. Curricula were examined by a team of researchers and relevant learning outcomes were coded as one of the 5 or 16 core competencies. The number of core competencies in each programme was recorded.ResultsUsing the 5-competency and 16-competency frameworks, 23 and 20, respectively, out of 71 programmes contained no global health competencies, most notably the Foundation Programme (equivalent to internship), a compulsory programme for UK medical graduates. Of a possible 16 competencies, the mean number across all 71 programmes was 1.73 (95% CI 1.42 to 2.04) and the highest number were in paediatrics and infectious diseases, each with five competencies. Of the 16 core competencies, global burden of disease and socioeconomic determinants of health were the two most cited with 47 and 35 citations, respectively. 8/16 competencies were not cited in any curriculum.ConclusionsEquity of care and the challenges of practising in an increasingly globalised world necessitate GH competencies for all doctors. Across the whole of postgraduate training, the majority of UK doctors are receiving minimal or no training in GH. Our GH competency framework can be used to map and plan integration across postgraduate programmes.
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Gerhardt, U. "A Hidden Agenda of Recovery: The Psychiatric Conceptualization of Re-education for Germany in the United States during World War II." German History 14, no. 3 (July 1, 1996): 297–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gh/14.3.297.
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Pers-Kamczyc, E., E. Warzych, J. Peippo, and D. Lechniak. "124 SUPPLEMENTATION OF IN VITRO MATURATION MEDIUM WITH GROWTH HORMONE DID NOT AFFECT THE TIMING OF THE FIRST ZYGOTIC CLEAVAGE BUT SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVED THE QUALITY OF RESULTING BOVINE BLASTOCYSTS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, no. 1 (2009): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv21n1ab124.
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It is well documented that growth hormone (GH) supplemented to maturation medium positively affects in vitro oocyte maturation and embryonic development in cattle. Conditions of in vitro maturation significantly influence oocyte competence for successful fertilization and preimplantation embryo development. It has been shown that bovine zygotes that cleave early are characterized by better quality than their later cleaving counterparts. In this context, the aim of this study was to determine whether supplementation of maturation media with GH affects the timing of the first zygotic cleavage and quality of produced blastocysts. Oocytes were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with fatty acid free BSA and hormones (FSH and GH) and then fertilized (Parrish et al. 1998 Biol. Reprod. 38, 1171–1180), whereas embryos were cultured in sequential media (Lane et al. 2005 Theriogenology 60, 407–419). All embryos that cleaved by 30hpi (early cleavers, EC) were selected and cultured separately. The remaining embryos cleaved by 48hpi (non early cleavers, NEC) were also incubated in separate drops. Blastocysts of proper morphology, collected at 176hpi, were subjected to TUNEL assay and differential staining (TE:ICM ratio). Due to technical problems only expanded blastocysts were analyzed by differential staining. The significance of GH supplementation in relation to apoptotic index and blastomere number (total, TE, ICM) was analyzed by ANOVA. This experiment included 250 blastocysts obtained from 1092 oocytes. The presence of GH did not influence the basic developmental parameters: cleavage rate, percentage of EC embryos and blastocysts (P > 0.05). Blastocysts derived from oocytes matured with GH more often hatched regardless of the timing of the first zygotic cleavage when compared with blastocysts that developed from the control group (P < 0.05). GH supplementation to IVM medium significantly reduced apoptotic index in EC blastocysts (2.9 and 4.8% for control, P < 0.05). Interestingly, blastocysts containing none or one apoptotic blastomere were observed only among EC embryos (20.6%). Although exogenous GH did not affect the cell count in TE and ICM of expanded EC blastocysts, it increased total cell number and reduced the TE:ICM ratio in embryos derived from oocytes culture with GH. In summary, although exogenous GH was previously shown to accelerate the kinetics of oocyte maturation, it has no effect on the timing of the first zygotic cleavage in cattle. The results of the present work support previously published data on GH as growth stimulating and antiapoptotic factor. Its stimulatory effect was especially evident in NEC blastocysts. Those embryos exhibited even better quality (higher cell count, lower apoptotic index) than control EC blastocysts. This work was supported by the project No. 3780/P01/2006/31 of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland.
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Yuen, Kevin C. J., Maria Koltowska-Häggström, David M. Cook, Janet L. Fox, Peter J. Jönsson, Mitchell E. Geffner, and Roger Abs. "Clinical characteristics and effects of GH replacement therapy in adults with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma compared with those in adults with other causes of childhood-onset hypothalamic–pituitary dysfunction." European Journal of Endocrinology 169, no. 4 (October 2013): 511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-13-0280.
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ObjectiveAdults with childhood-onset (CO) craniopharyngioma (COCP) have poor quality of life (QoL) and clinical outcomes, but few studies have compared these patients with adults with other causes of CO hypothalamic–pituitary dysfunction. In this study, we compared baseline clinical characteristics and patient-reported outcomes before starting GH replacement therapy in adults with GH deficiency (GHD) due to COCP with those of adults either with CO idiopathic/congenital hypopituitarism (COH) or with CO extrasellar (COE) tumours, and evaluated the 1- and 5-year effects of GH replacement therapy.Subjects and methodsRetrospective analysis of the data recorded in KIMS (Pfizer International Metabolic Database) was carried out. Patients with COCP, COH and COE tumours were evaluated at baseline, and after 1 and 5 years of therapy.ResultsCompared with COH and COE patients, more COCP patients underwent surgery, had greater abnormalities of body composition and higher prevalence of pituitary hormone deficits (allP<0.001), but comparable fasting glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels, marital status, parenthood, living arrangements, education, employment and annual sick-leave days. After 1 and 5 years of GH replacement therapy, similar changes were evident with regard to body composition, fasting glucose and HbA1c levels, QoL, and the level of and satisfaction with physical activity across the three groups.ConclusionsAdults with untreated COCP with GHD at baseline demonstrated more co-morbidities including greater abnormalities of body composition, pituitary hormone deficits and visual field defects. Overall, adults with COCP, COH and COE tumours responded comparably to short- and long-term GH replacement therapy, suggesting that patients with GHD due to COCP benefited from GH replacement therapy to a similar degree as those with other causes of CO hypothalamic–pituitary dysfunction did.
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Yang, Lamei, Shilan Luo, Siyu Yang, Gabriela Lima De Melo Ghisi, Xiaoli Yan, Mengying Tian, and Yunmei Wu. "Validation of the Chinese Version of the Coronary Artery Disease Education Questionnaire – Short Version: A Tool to Evaluate Knowledge of Cardiac Rehabilitation Components." Global Heart 16, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/gh.912.
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Patterson, Freda, Michael A. Grandner, Susan K. Malone, Ryan T. Pohlig, Rebecca L. Ashare, and David G. Edwards. "Efficacy of a sleep health intervention to optimize standard smoking cessation treatment response: results from a pilot randomized controlled trial." Journal of Smoking Cessation 15, no. 2 (March 5, 2020): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jsc.2020.8.
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AbstractBackgroundWe tested if an adjunctive sleep health (SH) intervention improved smoking cessation treatment response by increasing quit rates. We also examined if baseline sleep, and improvements in sleep in the first weeks of quitting, were associated with quitting at the end of treatment.MethodsTreatment-seeking smokers (N = 29) aged 21–65 years were randomized to a SH intervention (n = 16), or general health (GH) control (n = 13) condition. Participants received six counseling sessions across 15-weeks: SH received smoking cessation + SH counseling; GH received smoking cessation + GH counseling. Counseling began 4-weeks before the target quit date (TQD), and varenicline treatment began 1-week prior to TQD. Smoking status and SH were assessed at baseline (week 1), TQD (week 4), 3 weeks after cessation (week 7), week 12, and at the end of treatment (EOT; week 15).ResultsSH versus GH participants had higher Carbon Monoxide (CO) -verified, 7-day point prevalence abstinence at EOT (69% vs. 54%, respectively; adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.40–10.69, P = 0.77). Higher baseline sleep efficiency (aOR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.03–1.96, P = 0.03), predicted higher EOT cessation. Models were adjusted for age, sex, education, and baseline nicotine dependence.ConclusionsImproving SH in treatment-seeking smokers prior to cessation warrants further examination as a viable strategy to promote cessation.
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Freytag, T., and H. Jahnke. "Perspektiven für eine konzeptionelle Orientierung der Bildungsgeographie." Geographica Helvetica 70, no. 1 (February 25, 2015): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-70-75-2015.
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Abstract. Education has become central to the social and political debates in many countries. Under the influence of comparative international studies as well as national rankings of education institutions there is a growing awareness for social and regional inequalities of formal education infrastructure and processes. This article focuses on the geographical education research in Germany by reviewing existing research work on the one hand and opening perspectives for future studies in geography of education on the other. The main aim is to restructure the field of German Bildungsgeographie (geography of education) along key concepts and perspectives from human geography. After a brief introduction, the first part discusses the concept of Bildung (education) and its transformation. The following chapter sketches the major lines of research in geography of education in the German-speaking context. In the last and most extensive part six key concepts from human geography are pointed out as suitable reference points to situate existing and future research activities in the field of geography of education.
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Li, Benjamin C., Jessica Chew, Daniel V. Wakefield, Ankit Agarwal, and Anuja Jhingran. "Frameworks for Radiation Oncology Global Health Initiatives in US Residency Programs." JCO Global Oncology, no. 7 (February 2021): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/go.20.00315.
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PURPOSE To understand trends, pathways, and experiences and to establish a framework for radiation oncology (RO) programs interested in developing global health (GH) initiatives. METHODS An in-depth interview was conducted of all US RO programs with established GH initiatives. Programs were identified by reviewing results of the 2018 Association of Residents in Radiation Oncology Global Health Resident Survey and individualized outreach to screen for additional programs meeting the following criteria: (1) active resident involvement in RO-specific GH opportunities, (2) active faculty involvement in these initiatives, and (3) department chair or program director awareness and support for ongoing opportunities. Among 88 residency programs, 11 were identified. Standardized questions explored the type of initiative, planning, staff and resident involvement, challenges, components to success, and history of programs through December 2018. RESULTS Between 2010 and 2018, 11 programs started initiatives. Total resident participants ranged from one to 13 (median = 3) in each program's history. Initiatives spanned education (n = 9 [82%]), clinical mentorship (73%), innovative technology (55%), bilateral hosting programs (45%), clinical development and equipment (45%), promotion of local research (36%), clinical care (36%), industry partnerships (27%), and remote tumor board (18%). Faculty involvement included radiation oncologists (91%), medical physicists (55%), and non-RO department faculty (27%). Six programs (55%) had faculty with prior GH experience. Four (36%) programs reported medical student involvement in projects. Barriers included international communication (36%), time for faculty (18%), funding (9%), and legal (9%) concerns. Commonest components of success included fostering relationships with international sites and identifying needs before solutions. CONCLUSION RO GH initiatives were reported as positive, educational, and feasible across 11 US residency programs. Growth is expected, representing opportunities for innovation and service among US programs.
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Bitzi, Barbara, and Sara Landolt. "Unaccompanied minor asylum seekers – processes of subject formation and feelings of belonging in the context of educational experiences in Switzerland." Geographica Helvetica 72, no. 2 (May 16, 2017): 217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-217-2017.
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Abstract. This article addresses unaccompanied minor asylum seekers' (UAMs) educational experiences in Switzerland. Drawing on ethnographic research we explore what it means for UAMs to get an education and how having access or not having access to particular forms and spaces of education plays a part in the process of their subject formations. We get insights into such processes in diverse spaces of education and in phases of transition between them. We point out how educational arrangements can produce feelings of belonging and non-belonging and highlight that these feelings are entangled with life experiences and the responsibilities of UAMs in their daily lives in Switzerland. We argue that although at first glance the category unaccompanied minor asylum seeker seems to dominate and determine the formation of a possible educational subject and feelings of belonging for UAMs, the subject formation and feelings of belonging in the highly regulated field of UAMs' education are far more complex and fluid. To capture this complexity, we draw on geographies of education and understand spaces of education as connected to other spaces as UAMs' learning and educational processes are entangled with the demands of their everyday lives.
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Santos, H., A. R. Henriques, M. Dougados, C. López-Medina, H. Canhão, P. M. Machado, and F. Pimentel Santos. "POS0147 DETERMINANTS OF GENERAL HEALTH AND HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS, PERIPHERAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS: RESULTS FROM THE ASAS-PerSpA STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 300.2–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.936.
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BackgroundAxial Spondyloarthritis (axSpA), peripheral Spondyloarhritis (pSpA) and Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are different types of SpA, with large heterogeneity in clinical manifestations. It is crucial to understand which are the determinants of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and general health (GH, global functioning and health) in axSpA, pSpA and PsA, which can lead to differential approaches and interventions, to attain better outcomes.ObjectivesThis study aims to identify and compare determinants of HRQoL and GH in axSpA, pSpA and PsA, using data from the PerSpA study.MethodsData from the ASAS-PerSpA study, a cross-sectional and multicenter study with 24 participating countries, was used. Patients with either axSpA, pSpA or PsA were enrolled. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, and clinical characteristics were collected. Univariable and multivariable regression models for the three groups were performed separately, to explore factors associated with HRQoL, assessed by EuroQoL-5 Dimensions 3 level (EQ-5D), and similar analysis was performed for GH, assessed by the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society Health Index (ASAS-HI).Results4185 patients were included in the analyses. For the final models, only patients with complete data were included (results summarized in Table 1). Regarding HRQoL, worse HRQoL in axSpA was associated with female gender, fibromyalgia (FM), peripheral disease (PD), worse function and higher disease activity (DA) and patient’s global assessment (PGA), in pSpA with worse function, higher DA and higher non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs intake score (NSAIDs-IS), and in PsA with female gender, axial involvement, worse function, higher DA and glucocorticoid therapy. On the contrary, better HRQoL was associated in axSpA with a history of uveitis, in pSpA with older age (with a trend in axSpA and PsA, but not statistically significant) and in PsA with biologic therapy. Regarding GH, in axSpA, worse GH was associated with female gender, FM, PD, worse function and higher DA and PGA, in pSpA, with female gender, inflammatory bowel disease, worse function, treatment with conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug and higher NSAIDs-IS, in PsA with female gender, alcohol intake, FM, axial involvement, worse function and higher DA. On the contrary, better GH was associated in axSpA with university education (UE), higher BMI and higher NSAIDs-IS, in pSpA with UE, and in PsA with older age and UE.Table 1.Factors associated with HRQoL and GH stratified by diagnostic category (summarized)EQ-5DASAS-HIaxSpAn= 2698 R2=0.548pSpAn= 418R2=0.520PsAn= 1017R2=0.551axSpAn= 2700R2=0.539pSpAn= 418R2=0.545PsAn= 1016R2=0.560p-valuep-valuep-valuep-valuep-valuep-valueFemale gender0.1460.017<0.0010.001<0.001Age0.0540.0480.0760.0560.4960.003University education0.060NS0.8750.0390.044<0.001BMI0.4280.1160.2070.0040.6460.309Ever alcohol intake0.072NS0.7960.5310.5390.035Fibromyalgia<0.0010.4730.052<0.0010.692<0.001Uveitis0.028NS0.832NSNS0.225IBDNSNS0.341NS0.0250.657Axial diseaseNS0.8670.003NSNS0.006Peripheral disease0.039NSNS<0.001NSNSPGA<0.001**<0.001**BASFI<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001<0.001ASDAS-CRP<0.001NANA<0.001NANADAS44-CRPNS<0.001<0.001NA0.349<0.001csDMARD0.1560.796NS0.2330.002NSbDMARD0.4910.8960.0210.901NSNSGlucocorticoids0.2950.9880.0350.6920.8030.814NSAID intake score0.998<0.0010.6590.0110.0280.685NS – not significant in univariable model; NA – not applicable; * - colinear with DAS44-ConclusionIn all types of SpA, DA and function are major determinants of HRQoL, passible of tight monitoring and therapeutic intervention. In GH, besides DA and function, socio-demographic factors, like gender and education, also play an important role, in all forms of SpA, highlighting the importance of a holistic approach of the individual patient in order to achieve better outcomes.AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank all ASAS-PerSpA investigators and members of the scientific committee.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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van der Klaauw, Agatha A., Nienke R. Biermasz, Edith J. M. Feskens, Marieke B. Bos, Johannes W. A. Smit, Ferdinand Roelfsema, Eleonora P. M. Corssmit, Hanno Pijl, Johannes A. Romijn, and Alberto M. Pereira. "The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is increased in patients with GH deficiency, irrespective of long-term substitution with recombinant human GH." European Journal of Endocrinology 156, no. 4 (April 2007): 455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-06-0699.
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Objectives: Many reports demonstrate improvements in cardiovascular risk factors during GH replacement (rhGH) in adult GH deficiency (GHD). However, it remains to be determined to what extent these changes translate into a reduction of increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term rhGH replacement on the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MS). Design, settings, main outcome measures: The MS was scored by the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III definition in 50 consecutive GHD patients (45 ± 9 years of age), before and after 2 and 5 years of rhGH replacement, and the data of untreated patients were compared with the general population using data from a Dutch population-based study (n = 1062, 44 ± 8 years of age). Results: Hypertriglyceridaemia (46.0 vs 18.5%, P < 0.0001), hypertension (66.0 vs 35.5%, P < 0.0001) and abdominal obesity (38.0 vs 23.4%, P = 0.0178) were more prevalent in untreated patients when compared with controls, resulting in a higher prevalence of the MS in patients (38.0 vs 15.7%, P < 0.0001). During rhGH replacement at a mean dose of 0.5 ± 0.2 mg/day resulting in IGF-I concentrations in the normal age-adjusted reference range, mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level increased compared with baseline (P < 0.001). However, the prevalence of (components of) the MS did not change after 2 or 5 years of treatment with rhGH. Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of the MS in patients with GHD is increased compared with healthy controls, irrespective of rhGH replacement.
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Verhelst, Johan, Anders F. Mattsson, Anton Luger, Maria Thunander, Miklós I. Góth, Maria Kołtowska-Häggström, and Roger Abs. "Prevalence and characteristics of the metabolic syndrome in 2479 hypopituitary patients with adult-onset GH deficiency before GH replacement: a KIMS analysis." European Journal of Endocrinology 165, no. 6 (December 2011): 881–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-11-0599.
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ObjectiveAn increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adult GH deficiency (GHD) may be related to hypopituitarism but also to the presence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Our objective was to investigate the characteristics and prevalence of MetS as well as its comorbidities in adult GHD.DesignIn KIMS (Pfizer International Metabolic Database) 2479 patients with severe adult-onset GHD, naïve to GH replacement, with complete information on all MetS components were found. MetS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP) and the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF).MethodsThe prevalence of MetS was calculated and compared with previously published data from the normal population. Associations were assessed between background variables, baseline variables, comorbidities, and MetS.ResultsMetS was present in 43.1% (NCEP) and in 49.1% (IDF) of patients, clearly higher than data from the normal population (20–30%). MetS prevalence was related to age, GHD duration, and body mass index (BMI), but not to GHD severity, extent of hypopituitarism, or etiology of pituitary disease. Adjusted for age, gender, and BMI, patients with MetS had a higher prevalence ratio for diabetes mellitus: 4.65 (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.29–6.58), for cardiovascular morbidity: 1.91 (95% CI: 1.33–2.75), and for cerebrovascular morbidity: 1.77 (95% CI: 1.09–2.87) than patients without MetS.ConclusionsMetS is highly prevalent in GHD and is associated with a higher prevalence ratio for comorbidities. The presence of MetS in GHD may therefore contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality found in these patients.
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Bauer, Itta, and Sara Landolt. "Introduction to the special issue “Young People and New Geographies of Learning and Education”." Geographica Helvetica 73, no. 1 (February 14, 2018): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-43-2018.
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Muehlenhard, Charlene L., and Gordon Hammerle. "Challenging Sexual Stereotypes: An Interview With." Teaching of Psychology 24, no. 1 (February 1997): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009862839702400120.
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Gordon Hammerle (GH), a Professor of Psychology at Adrian College (Adrian, MI), conducted the first interview for The Generalist's Comer. He chose sexuality and gender issues as his focus and recruited Charlene Muehlenhard (CM) as our first research specialist. Dr. Muehlenhard is the President of the Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality. An Associate Professor of Psychology and Women's Studies at the University of Kansas (Lawrence, KS), she has written or coauthored numerous articles on sexual aggression and sexual communication patterns.
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Bulavenko, Olga, and Oksana Vaskiv. "Risk factors of gestational hypertension development." Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences 30, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cipms-2017-0013.
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Abstract The problem of gestational hypertension (GH) remains to be of current concern in obstetric practice. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to determine the risk factors for GH development. We examined 53 pregnant women and allocated them to 2 groups: the main group - pregnant women with gestational hypertension (n = 30) and the control group - pregnant women without the pathology (n = 23). The selection of persons for the study was carried out on the basis of detailed history taking, examination and complaints, using standard clinical, laboratory and instrumental methods of investigation. The data was processed on a PC (standard statistical package Statistica 6.0). Our results show that the gestational hypertension development is closely linked with such risk factors as: age ≤ 18 years old and over 35 years old, unmarried status, living in a city/town, post-secondary education, unemployment, obesity, first labor in consecutively pregnant women, the threat of pregnancy termination, cardiovascular system diseases, urinary tract pathology, varicose veins, as well as ABO-sensibilization.
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Mohring, Katharina, and Nina Brendel. "Producing virtual reality (VR) field trips – a concept for a sense-based and mindful geographic education." Geographica Helvetica 76, no. 3 (August 12, 2021): 369–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-76-369-2021.
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Abstract. Virtual reality (VR) enables users to have an alternate reality experience. The virtual world surrounds users and can be perceived atmospherically. However, VR triggers human perception with far-reaching consequences. VR worlds are hardly questioned by the consumers. The effects of virtual experiences could have a lasting impact on learning or acting. Therefore, it is necessary to reflect on the use of VR in educational contexts. In our research and teaching project students produced VR field trips on topics of urban society–environment research. Based on the project findings we explain how we implement VR as a practice of sense-based and content-based acquirement of space and a (visual) practice of mediation. A key element is the critical reflection on the meaning of body and emotion. This can be a way to mindfulness – both in the context of teaching and in the context of the transformation of society–environment relations in general.
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Bauer, Itta. "Framing, overflowing, and fuzzy logic in educational selection: Zurich as a case study." Geographica Helvetica 73, no. 1 (January 26, 2018): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-19-2018.
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Abstract. This paper uses the concepts of framing and overflowing (Callon, 1998) and fuzzy logic (Zadeh, 2015) to show the application and relevance of critically examining educational selection beyond the particular local context. It examines the empirical example of the central entrance examination procedure to grammar schools in the canton of Zurich. The main argument illuminates the widely neglected grey zones and the fuzzy logic lying at the heart of the selection machinery for higher education. This article elaborates fruitful links between the local case study and international discourses on the geography of education and educational research. It thus shows how a socio-material approach may build bridges not only between international and national educational discourse and local practice but also between academic research and a socio-political engagement that cares about young people's educational realities and futures.
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Rinaldi, Enrico, and Setyo Riyanto. "The effect of work motivation, work environment, and job satisfaction on organizational citizenship behavior and their impact on employees performance of RSU Menteng Mitra Afia during the Covid-19 pandemic." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 10, no. 6 (September 28, 2021): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i6.1293.
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The current Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in many hospitals in the world experiencing difficulties both in terms of management and infrastructure in providing services because the number of patients has increased in a short time. The human aspect has a significant role in hospitals, with the characteristics of various ages, education levels, position levels, and length of work. Menteng Mitra Afia General Hospital (MMA GH) is one of 144 hospitals in Jakarta that accepts COVID-19 patients and has had significant changes in terms of service and management. In this study, the authors succeeded in analyzing the influence of work motivation, work environment, and job satisfaction on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and their impact on employee performance at MMA GH during the COVID 19 pandemic. Sampling method with a total sampling of 121 respondents from the population of employees who returned the questionnaire. The technical data analysis technique uses the Structural Equation Modeling, where the data processing uses the Partial Least Square (Smart-PLS) version 3.0 program. From the results of data analysis, it was found that work motivation has the most significant loading factor in its influence on OCB and employee performance, followed by Job Satisfaction and Work Environment. The conclusions that can be drawn from the results of data analysis and discussion are as follows: (1) Work Motivation has an effect on OCB (2) Work Environment has no effect on OCB (3) Job Satisfaction has an effect on OCB (4) Work motivation has an effect on Employee Performance (5) OCB has an effect on Employee Performance (6) Job Satisfaction has an effect on Employee Performance at MMA GH.
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Gavriliu, Ştefan, Raluca Ghiţă, Ecaterina Maria Japie, Taysir El Nayef, and Mădălina Macadon. "Burnei’s disease: teratological spondylolysis." Romanian Medical Journal 62, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 313–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2015.3.20.
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Teratological spondylolysis is a pathological entity noted for the first time in the speciality literature by Gh. Burnei in „The Spine Journal“ on September 25th 2014. This disease was described in a short presentation of the first case treated by the author. The aim of this paper is to expose in a didactic manner the main characteristic aspects of Burnei’s disease: embryological, clinical, imaging and treatment data and also to make this pathological entity with all its pathognomonic diagnostic elements known. This paper is based on daata obtained after analysing 2 cases of teratological spondylolysis: a 18 years old patient with triple L3-L5 teratological spondylolysis with Pang 1 spinal dysraphism and a 1 year old child with teratological spondylolysis and retrospondylolisthesis.
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Bailly, A. S., C. MacCabe, and T. Saarinen. "Images of francophone countries and francophone images of the world." Geographica Helvetica 50, no. 1 (March 31, 1995): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-50-3-1995.
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Abstract. A sample of mental maps of the world drawn by first-year geography students of eight Francophone countries reflects their variations in geography education. In several countries the geography students are unable to place 30 countries on their Sketch maps ofthe world! The Francophone nations are not seen as the most important, for several large and wellknown countries appear more frequently than most Francophone countries on the sketch maps ofthe world from France and other Francophone countries of Europe, Africa and North America.
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Panchagnula, Sun, Montejo, Nouri, Kolb, Virojanapa, Camara-Quintana, et al. "Validating the Transformation of PROMIS-GH to EQ-5D in Adult Spine Patients." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 10 (September 20, 2019): 1506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8101506.
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Spinal disorders and associated interventions are costly in the United States, putting them in the limelight of economic analyses. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health Survey (PROMIS-GHS) requires mapping to other surveys for economic investigation. Previous studies have proposed transformations of PROMIS-GHS to EuroQol 5-Dimension (EQ-5D) health index scores. These models require validation in adult spine patients. In our study, PROMIS-GHS and EQ-5D were randomly administered to 121 adult spine patients. The actual health index scores were calculated from the EQ-5D instrument and estimated scores were calculated from the PROMIS-GHS responses with six models. Goodness-of-fit for each model was determined using the coefficient of determination (R2), mean squared error (MSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). Among the models, the model treating the eight PROMIS-GHS items as categorical variables (CATReg) was the optimal model with the highest R2 (0.59) and lowest MSE (0.02) and MAE (0.11) in our spine sample population. Subgroup analysis showed good predictions of the mean EQ-5D by gender, age groups, education levels, etc. The transformation from PROMIS-GHS to EQ-5D had a high accuracy of mean estimate on a group level, but not at the individual level.
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Zaorska, K., E. Pers-Kamczyc, and D. Lechniak. "132 TIMING OF THE FIRST ZYGOTIC CLEAVAGE WAS NOT RELATED TO THE SHIFT IN SEX RATIO OF BOVINE BLASTOCYST IN VITRO." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, no. 1 (2009): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv21n1ab132.
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It has been shown that embryos which cleaved earlier (<30 h postinsemination, hpi) have greater chance to develop to blastocyst. It has been shown that in in vitro conditions male embryos develop faster than females. Further, spermatozoa with the Y chromosome more frequently penetrate oocytes during the first 6 hpi. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the sex-related embryo growth rate in relation to the timing of the first zygotic cleavage and GH presence during IVM. Oocytes were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with fatty acid free BSA and hormones (FSH and GH) and then inseminated (Parrish et al. 1998 Biol. Reprod. 38, 1171–1180), whereas embryos were cultured in sequential media (Lane et al. 2005 Theriogenology 60, 407–419). All embryos that cleaved by 30 hpi (early cleavers, EC) were selected and cultured separately. The remaining embryos cleaved by 48 hpi (non early cleavers, NEC) were also incubated in separate drops. Blastocysts of proper morphology were collected at 176 hpi and subjected to sex determination by PCR (AMGL gene). The significance of developmental stage, timing of the first zygotic cleavage and GH supplementation in relation to the sex ratio was evaluated by the chi-square test. All straws with frozen semen of 2 bulls used in this experiment were derived from single ejaculates. The sex ratio of sperm samples used for IVF was evaluated by FISH with locus-specific probes. The experiment was done on 266 embryos obtained from 1249 oocytes. A significant predominance of male blastocysts regardless of the experimental conditions was observed [the male to female ratio (M:F) 2:1, P < 0.001]. FISH analysis revealed that there was no deviation from the expected 1:1 ratio of X and Y spermatozoa in sperm samples used for IVF. When the timing of the first zygotic cleavage was considered, shift in M:F ratio in favor of males (P < 0.01) in blastocysts derived from EC zygotes was noticed. Due to a very low number of NEC embryos, this category was not included in analysis. Although the M:F ratio was shifted towards males, the rate of female embryos was greater in the control group (25F/38M) v. GH group (16F/39M) of EC expanded blastocysts. This phenomenon was not observed among hatched blastocysts; however, GH presence caused an increase (P < 0.01) in the number of females at this stage. Therefore GH may stimulate embryonic growth, especially embryos of reduced quality, through its positive influence on cytoplasmic oocyte maturation. In conclusion, the predominance of male blastocysts observed in this study may be attributed to the applied IVF procedure because the X:Y ratio in spermatozoa was not different from the expected 1:1 ratio. Moreover, significantly fewer females among analyzed blastocysts may suggest that the developmental potential of female embryos in applied in vitro conditions was somehow reduced when compared with males. This became evident when the transition from expanded to hatched blastocysts was observed. This work was supported by the project No. N302 046 31/3780 of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland.
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Laketa, Sunčana, and Dilyara Suleymanova. "Enacting the contested past: conflict narratives in educational spaces." Geographica Helvetica 72, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-5-2017.
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Abstract. The article analyzes unfoldings and enactments of narratives on a politically divisive past in educational spaces of two multi-ethnic settings – the Republic of Tatarstan and Bosnia and Herzegovina. We explore how the contested past is represented within official school curricula and how it unfolds in concrete school settings. In each case we have a historic event that is a politically divisive and contentious issue. Though one of these historical events lies far back in history (1552) and the other is more recent (1992–1995), in both cases the contested past is being silenced in the official history curricula. The paper is guided by the following question: in what ways does a past that is muted within a history curriculum continue to speak and structure the relationships of the school present? In order to answer this question, we situate our work within the literature on ethnographies of education, as well as the relatively new but burgeoning field of inquiry on emotional geographies and anthropologies of education. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in these two settings, we argue that the narratives on the violent past form and divide national communities not only through divergent views and interpretations of the historic event by the groups involved but also through strong emotional attachments to these narratives. We conclude by calling for a sustained engagement with emotions in educational settings as sites of embodiment that work to negotiate and actively rework top-down educational narratives, especially when considering the processes of identity-building through school spaces.
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Al-Saadony, M. F., Bahr Kadhim Mohammed, and Hameedah Naeem Melik. "Bayesian estimation for the Tukey GH distribution with an application." Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN) 10, no. 4 (July 12, 2022): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.21533/pen.v10i4.3124.
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Rérat, Patrick. "Migration and post-university transition. Why do university graduates not return to their rural home region?" Geographica Helvetica 71, no. 4 (October 19, 2016): 271–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-271-2016.
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Abstract. This paper addresses migrations taking place during the transition from higher education to the labour market. It analyses the reasons why graduates do not return to their rural home region after university, with a case study in Switzerland. Drawing on the mechanisms identified in the literature on internal migration, I propose to conceptualize migration choice as a combination of four logics: utilitarian (job opportunities), calculating (financial elements), affective (social and love life) and sensitive (residential amenities). The analysis of the motives reported by graduates indicates that migration decisions cannot be reduced to a single dimension (although job opportunities are central), are diverse (even within a homogeneous group) and depend on a variety of constraints.
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Genazzi, Micol, Antoine Guisan, and Ross T. Shackleton. "People's knowledge and perceptions of Trachycarpus fortunei (Chinese windmill palm) invasions and their management in Ticino, Switzerland." Geographica Helvetica 77, no. 4 (October 6, 2022): 443–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-443-2022.
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Abstract. The introduction of alien plant species can lead to biological invasions, which have major impacts on people and the environment. Trachycarpus fortunei (Hook.) H. Wendl. (Arecaceae) is an alien plant (palm tree) that has been introduced as an ornamental into urban areas across the world, but in many regions, it has started invading forests and other natural environments leading to negative impacts. To improve understanding and guide management, this study sought to assess people's knowledge and perceptions of T. fortunei in Ticino, the region in Switzerland where invasions of the species are most common. To achieve this goal, an online survey was conducted, and a total of 487 responses were received. The formal name(s) (scientific or common names) of T. fortunei were unknown to almost all participants (89 %), and people mostly just called them “palm”. Most respondents were familiar with the term invasive alien species (IAS) (88 %) and were aware of the invasiveness (spread) of T. fortunei (73 %). The study showed that although people like to see the palm in the region (51 %) and enjoyed the related sense of place it provides, respondents have become aware of the challenges associated with invasions and the majority (65 %) would like to see more done to control the spread of T. fortunei invasions within natural areas, particularly forests. To improve management, a large number of respondents (63 %) mentioned that education and awareness programmes should be implemented to provide people with knowledge on how to deal with invasive alien plants and thus prevent further spread. Almost a third of respondents supported (32 %) the regulated sale of T. fortunei in an effort to reduce invasions. Educational level, gender, and age affected response patterns, and this needs to be accounted for within strategic management planning, in particular, within education and awareness-raising initiatives. Tailored and targeted educational campaigns and management plans need to be established to prioritise and improve control of this invasive palm in Switzerland in the long term.
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Megerle, Heidi, Simon Martin, and Géraldine Regolini. "Chancen, Herausforderungen und Risiken der Inwertsetzung des regionalen Geo-Erbes: Geotopschutz und Geotourismus im Spannungsfeld unterschiedlichster Interessen." Geographica Helvetica 77, no. 1 (January 19, 2022): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-53-2022.
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Abstract. Although the geodiversity of the Earth is hardly less remarkable than its biodiversity, to this day there is a clear discrepancy between the protection of biotic and abiotic elements both in Switzerland and internationally. In response to the increasing threat facing our geoheritage, a dynamic geopark and geotourism movement emerged in the late 1990s. As Geoparks enjoy no statuary protection, they have to combine sustainable geotourism with geo-education, in order to raise awareness for the importance and vulnerability of our geoheritage. The valorization of geoheritage offers opportunities for regional development and tourism diversification, provided that possible risks are taken into account. Based on an extensive literature review as well as own research and geotourism projects, the main opportunities, risks and challenges of sustainable geotourism are highlighted using national and international case studies.
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Aminde, Jeannine Anyingu, Leopold Ndemnge Aminde, Marie Doualla Bija, Fernando Kemta Lekpa, Felix Mangan Kwedi, Emmanuel Vubo Yenshu, and Alain Mefire Chichom. "Health-related quality of life and its determinants in patients with chronic low back pain at a tertiary hospital in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 10, no. 10 (October 2020): e035445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035445.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its determinants in chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients in Cameroon.DesignObservational cross-sectional study.SettingTertiary hospital.ParticipantsThere were 150 eligible adults with low back pain of at least 12 weeks who provided informed consent. Of these, 136 with complete questionnaires were analysed.OutcomesHRQoL was measured using the WHO Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). Outcome measures included its four domain (physical health, psychological, social relationships and environmental) scores and two independent scores for overall quality of life (OQOL) and general health satisfaction (GH).ResultsParticipants had a median age of 52 years, and median pain duration of 33 (IQR: 69) months. The median OQOL score was 50 (IQR: 25). After multivariable adjustment, tertiary education (β=11.43, 95% CI 3.12 to 19.75), age (β=0.49, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.87) and being a student (β=23.07, 95% CI 0.28 to 45.86) contributed to better OQOL. Age (β=0.57, 95% CI 0.10 to 1.04) and physical-type employment (β=−14.57, 95% CI −25.83 to −3.31) affected GH. Smoking (β=−20.49, 95% CI −35.49 to −5.48) and radiological anomalies (β=−7.57, 95% CI −14.64 to −0.49) affected the physical health domain, while disability (β=−0.67, 95% CI −1.14 to −0.20) and duration of pain (β=−0.13, 95% CI −0.20 to −0.05) affected the psychological domain. Income (β=14.94, 95% CI 4.06 to 25.81) affected the social domain, while education (β=9.96, 95% CI 1.41 to 18.50) and disability (β=−0.75, 95% CI −1.26 to −0.24) affected the environmental domain.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that CLBP affects HRQoL and multiple socioeconomic and clinical factors influence its impact on different domains of HRQoL. Multipronged management programmes, especially those that reduce disability, could improve HRQoL in patients with CLBP.
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Benz, A. "Mobility, multilocality and translocal development: changing livelihoods in the Karakoram." Geographica Helvetica 69, no. 4 (December 11, 2014): 259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-69-259-2014.
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Abstract. The people of the Karakoram have broadened the basis of their livelihoods over the last two to three generations by diversifying their income sources and activities along sectoral and spatial lines. Formal education, off-farm income generation and professional employment in the cities complement and partly substitute local agricultural activities. Intensifying processes of mobility and migration have created translocal rural–urban livelihoods, straddling between various and often geographically distant places. Social ties in multilocal configurations of households, families and communities have established highly effective local-to-local connections, which directly interlink processes of change and development in different locations. This article traces in a historical analysis the specific interrelations of mobility dynamics, livelihood change and socio-economic development for the Wakhi community of Gojal in northern Pakistan and discusses the potential of translocal livelihoods to overcome local constraints and facilitate development in structurally disadvantaged regions.
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Baehler, Daniel, and Patrick Rérat. "Between ecological convictions and practical considerations – profiles and motivations of residents in car-free housing developments in Germany and Switzerland." Geographica Helvetica 75, no. 2 (June 22, 2020): 169–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-75-169-2020.
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Abstract. Automobility still dominates transport and space in most European cities. However, more and more initiatives are being taken to encourage a transition towards low-carbon mobility. One of these is car-free housing, where residents commit to living without a private car. This paper addresses their profiles and motivations based on a questionnaire survey (N=571) and interviews (N=50) in nine housing developments in Germany and Switzerland. Residents are characterised by an overrepresentation of families and people with a high level of education, two population groups that are usually more motorised than average. Their motivations and long-term commitment to living car-free can be explained by not only practical reasons (e.g. availability of alternative modes) but also ecological awareness and social values (as shown by the importance of cooperative housing). This paper sheds light on these urban laboratories where the principles of a post-car system are implemented.
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Ehlers, M. "Fernerkundung und GIS bei Umweltmonitoring und Umweltmanagement." Geographica Helvetica 52, no. 1 (March 31, 1997): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-52-5-1997.
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Abstract. Remote sensing image analysis Systems and geographie in formation Systems (GIS) show great promise for the Integra tion of a wide variety of spatial information as a support to en vironmental monitoring and managementtasks. Current and future remote sensing programs are based on a variety of sensors that will provide timely and repetitive multisensor earth Observation data on a global scale. GIS offer efficient tools for handling, manipulating, analyzing and presenting spatial data that are required for environmental ly sound deci sion making. To combine the power of both spatial techno logies, however, efficient synergistic processing techniques have to be developed to cope with large multisensor image datasets and to automatically extract information for environ mental GIS applications. These efforts have to be put in a broader perspective of an evolving discipline Geoinformatics as one component of a new and innovative interdisciplinary approach for academic education. One example of this approach is the new academic program Environmental Sciences at the University of Vechta.
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Mulcahy, Dianne. "The salience of liminal spaces of learning: assembling affects, bodies and objects at the museum." Geographica Helvetica 72, no. 1 (March 7, 2017): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-109-2017.
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Abstract. In this article, I work toward producing understandings of learning as liminal and as located in a liminal space. Framed as learning through the in-between, I engage with the concept of liminality as a way of unravelling the complexity of the practice of learning at the museum. Deploying data from video-based case studies of 40 school students' engagements with learning over the course of a visit to Museum Victoria, Australia, and utilising an analytic of assemblage, I map the spatial dynamics of learning in action. From analyses undertaken, it is argued that liminal spaces of learning open up in museum education and have a special salience. They have the potential to jump start the learner out of a comfortable state of mind and into a state of productive uncertainty. They also serve as a location for potential critique. More broadly, these analyses direct attention to the centrality of material practice and agency to liminality and liminal learning.
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Frick, Jacqueline, Nicole Bauer, Eike von Lindern, and Marcel Hunziker. "What forest is in the light of people's perceptions and values: socio-cultural forest monitoring in Switzerland." Geographica Helvetica 73, no. 4 (November 19, 2018): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-335-2018.
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Abstract. Forest is an important element of Swiss landscape, with about 30 % of the country covered by it, forming a finely structured patchwork together with water bodies, agricultural land and settlements. It is highly valued by residents as part of their everyday living and recreational environment. The aim of this paper is to provide knowledge about how residents perceive and value forests and what their dominant preferences are. The data were collected through the Socio-cultural Forest Monitoring (WaMos). In this survey, 3022 persons responded by telephone interview or online survey. Respondents were well informed about forest issues, especially about recreation, animals and protection from natural hazards. Nevertheless, functions such as wood production, air quality and biodiversity were rated as even more important than recreational functions. Mixed forests and multisensory experiences were preferred, whereas wilderness was only moderately approved of. Respondents did not much appreciate sports and fun infrastructure, but valued infrastructure for contemplative and social activities and for education about forest issues.
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Ghiţă, Raluca, Ştefan Gavriliu, Ileana Georgescu, Adrian Pârvan, Ecaterina Japie, Mădălina Macadon, and Andrei Marica. "Burnei’s „double X“ osteosynthesis in humeral supracondylar fractures in children." Romanian Medical Journal 63, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2016.1.10.
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Pediatric Orthopaedics Group for Research and Study – 2012 has initiated this retrospective analysis because in Romania, but also in other countries, the therapy procedures, although in great number, do not provide practicing physicians with a clear orientation according to certain therapeutic criteria in the treatment of supracondylar fractures of the humerus. As a consequence, the number of complications and their severity have drawn attention over existing lack of knowledge in the medical or surgical act. To correct complications, valgus and varus elbow, Prof. Al. Pesamosca announced an original operation entitled „Personal method in correction of varus post-traumatic elbow“ in Bacau County Meeting of 24 June 1978. This operation was later popularized by Gh. Burnei & al. with surgical interventions in patients with varus or valgus post-traumatic elbow and then presented at several congresses in the country and abroad. The last work that addressed this subject was presented at the 29th Annual Congress of the European Pediatric Orthopedic Society (EPOS) from 7 to 10 April 2010, Zagreb, Croatia, and is entitled „Distal humeral Z-osteotomy for posttraumatic cubitus varus or valgus“ having authored by Gh. Burnei, Ileana Georgescu, Stefan Gavriliu, Costel Vlad and Daniela Dan. As members of this group, based on studies we made, we want to popularize a new type of osteosynthesis, which ensures a snug fit, avoids complications, and allows rapid recovery after surgery. The best approach to this kind of fractures is orthopedic and must be carried out urgently, in the first 6 hours by reduction and immobilization in a cast, or by closed or open reduction with fixation using multiple methods (Judet, Boehler, Kapandji, San Antonio, San Diego, double-X Burnei). Open treatment is necessary in supracondylar irreducible, reducible and unstable fractures, in supracondylar fractures occurring within multiple accidental trauma, in fractures with vascular complications, in unreasonably delayed, fractures, in orthopaedically managed fractures which have displaced under cast, or in surgically treated fractures where fixation is damaged. We use Burnei technique for about 10 years. Here in Romania, great work has been done in this field by Al. Pesamosca, D. Vereanu, Ionel Ionescu, N. Negus, Pompiliu Parota, T. Zamfir, Gh. Burnei, I. Hutanu, etc. Abroad, important papers on the treatment of supracondylar fractures of the humerus have been published by L. Böhler, A. Kapandji, K. Wilkins, D. Skaggs, E. Edomnds, E. Swanson, etc. Between October 2001 and October 2011 in „Alexandru Pesamosca“ Surgery Clinic, 56 cases have been resolved with the help of Burnei’s „double-x“ osteosynthesis. These patients were operated using Kocher type unique approach, the intervention beeing primarily aimed at providing osteosynthesis that is not followed by immobilization in a cast and also enabling mobilization 24 hours after surgery. Wires placed in „double-X“ should not sit olecranon fossa. Immobilization must be anatomical and olecranon fossa must be free. After surgical intervention, check elbow flexion and extension which should be normal, without providing crackles or limitations. This intervention was done in patients: having secondary displacement in plaster after 10 days of immobilization; with other types of damaged osteosynthesis; with polytrauma with supracondylar fracture; who neglected or unjustifiedly delayed fractures that were not orthopaedically reduced in emergency and had swelling and blistering. Using Burnei’s „double-X“ osteosynthesis in supracondylar humerus fractures, does not require cast immobilization. In oblique trajectory fractures, the stability of the fracture by reduction, with or without wiring, is ensured more difficultly and often followed by joint stiffness and/or ulnar nerve paresis. Burnei’s „double-X“ osteosynthesis provides stability to such fractures and avoids complications. Mobilization of the elbow may begin immediately after surgery. The process provides comfort to the patient and doctor and if multiple injuries require repeated exams, preferred positions or care of extensive lesions of the skin.
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Peco-Antic, Amira, and Brankica Spasojevic. "Growth retardation in children with chronic renal disease." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 142, no. 9-10 (2014): 614–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1410614p.
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Despite recent advances in the management of children with chronic renal disease (CRD), growth retardation remains its most visible comorbid condition. Growth retardation has adverse impact on morbidity and mortality rates, quality of life and education, and in adult patients on job family life, and independent leaving accomodation. Pathophysiology of impaired growth in CRD is complex and still not fully understood. The following complications are: anorexia, malnutrition, inflammation, decreased residual renal function, dialysis frequency and adequacy, renal anemia, metabolic acidosis, fluid/electrolyte imbalance, renal osteodistrophy, growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor -1 (IGF-1) resistance. Malnutrition is most frequent and most important factor contributing to the degree of growth retardation in infancy. The degree of renal dysfunction is the major determinant of variability in growth from third year of age until puberty onset, while in puberty hypergonadotropic hypogonadism has negative effect. The main factors that influence growth after renal transplantation are the age of the recipient and glucocorticoid drugs dosage with negative effect and allograft function with positive effect. In order to improve growth in children with CRD it is necessary to include: diet with optimal caloric intake, correction of fluid/ electrolyte imbalance, correction of acidosis, renal osteodistrophy and anemia. If growth velocity is insufficient to normalize growth, it is necessary to start recombinant human GH (rhGH) therapy at 0.05 mg/kg per day (0.35 mg/kg per week or 28 IU/m2 per week) administered by subcutaneous injection.
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Ur-Rehman, K., and A. Zimmer. "Spatial patterns of child health inequalities in the province of Punjab, Pakistan : the advantages of GIS in data analysis." Geographica Helvetica 65, no. 1 (March 31, 2010): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-65-36-2010.
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Abstract. In the overall context of the Millennium Development Goals, Pakistan recently embarked on an effort to collect data regarding crucial issues of human development, such as health, poverty, and education. For their effective use in policy formulation, however, governments need to find ways of making the data easily accessible. It is argued that Geographical Information Systems (GIS) can play a major role here. The data compiled by the Federal Bureau of Statistics at district level are used in this article to develop maps on child health in the province of Punjab. Correlation allows identification of major determinants of the health status of children. For Punjab, these appeared to be mother literacy, vaccination coverage, and the incidence of poverty. Interpolation (here using Inverse Distant Weighting) and variable aggregation allow for easy identification of areas of concern at sub-district level. For Punjab, the areas most affected by negative health conditions are in the southwest. It is argued that health disparities can be addressed more effectively with the help of the presented methods because they help to close the information gap in the health system and contribute toward more precise allocation of funds and infrastructure.