Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gestion spécifique au site'
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Pereyra, Alpuin Cesar Gustavo. "Adaptation des pratiques culturales intra-parcellaire pour réduire les hétérogénéités de vigueur, de rendement et de qualité chez la vigne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier, SupAgro, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023NSAM0021.
Full textDuring eight consecutive seasons (2014-2021) the intra-plot heterogeneity of vigor in a cv. Tannat vineyard in Uruguay was studied. Such variability was assessed during three years (2015, 2016 and 2017) using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). High-resolution (0.2 m) multispectral images were obtained over the ground to define contrasting vigor zones: high (HV) and low (LV). In winter 2020, trunk diameter was assessed to corroborate the interannual stability of vigor, and positive correlations were established between NDVI and vegetative growth parameters. A complete description of soil physical and chemical parameters was carried out. Climate data, vegetative growth, yield and grape composition were used. In addition, site-specific management techniques were employed according to vigor zone to influence yield and grape quality and reduce heterogeneity. For HV, treatments were aimed at reducing water and nitrogen inputs and improving microclimatic conditions in the cluster zone. In LV, on the other hand, treatments were aimed at increasing vegetative growth and yield with water and nitrogen supplementation. Although a 1 ha plot can be considered homogeneous from a topographic, edaphological and climatic point of view, this study demonstrated the existence of great variability in soil variables, production parameters and grape composition. The HV zone was associated with higher levels of leaf area, pruning weight, yield (higher berry and bunch weight) and bunch disease incidence than the LV zone. These HV zone characteristics were the result of a deeper and more structured soil, with higher organic matter content, nitrogen reserves and clay content, and abundance of montmorillonite-type clay. The LV zone, was distinguished by a shallower and more compact soil which negatively conditioned root growth. New information was provided on the interaction of the soil-plant-atmosphere system. In particular, the dominant role of water availability in the first place and soil nitrogen availability in the second place in establishing plant vigor. The gradient of vine vigor and yield between the two zones remained stable over the years, regardless of climatic conditions. This indicates that soil characteristics can mitigate or enhance the effects caused by climatic conditions. The determination (possible by remote sensing) of the vigor zones of a plot is a prerequisite for proposing soil and crop management practices that optimize the use of resources and ensure the economic and environmental sustainability of wine production
Bordes-Letzelter, Claire. "La recombinaison spécifique de site chez les archaea : propriétés de l'intégrase du fusellovirus SSV1." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112263.
Full textSSV1 is a fusellovirus isolated from the thermoacidophilic archaeaon Sulfblobus shibatae B12. SSV1 integrates into its host genome by site-specific recombination catalyzed by the viral integrase IntSSV. The reaction occurs between a chromosomal DNA site (attB) and a viral DNA site (attP). The development of an efficient vector based on SSV1 requires to better know the viral cycle as well as a good insight of the integration/excision mechanism. We have developed several assays to study the catalytic mechanism of IntSSV. Furthermore we have generated point mutants of Intssv and of the attP site. Studies on these different sites and proteins revealed some properties of SSV1. In particular, we have shown that Int affinity for its sites is low, although better for attP than for attB, suggesting that accessory proteins may be required for the recombination reaction. The exact cleavage position has been identified on a synthetic substrate derived from the attP site. The study of point mutants of the attP site further revealed that some positions are important for cleavage to occur. Some mutations that abolish cleavage by IntSSV have been identified. Analysis of the properties of Intssv mutants has shown that this integrase is a member of the tyrosine recombinase family, and that the architecture of its active site is of eucaryotic type. We are currently introducing into the viral genome some mutations affecting either the integrase or the attP site. Analysis of these mutant viruses behaviour will allow identification of the SSV1 replicative form, hence leading to a better knowledge of the viral cycle
Biskri, Latéfa. "Caractérisation des super-intégrons et étude de la recombinaison spécifique de site de leurs intégrases." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077253.
Full textIntegrons are genetic elements composed of a gene encoding an integrase, gene cassettes and an integration site for the gene cassettes (att). The integrase excises and integrates the gene cassettes from and into the integron. Two groups of integrons are known: resistance integrons and super-integrons. The super integrons are found in all caracterized genomes of proteobacteriacea and are located on their chromosomes. In this work, we show that in the absence of selection pressure, the maintain of cassette stability inside the characterized vibrio species super-integron is due to the presence of psk systems. Super-integron attc sites are much conserved compared to the class i integrons attc sites. Also the both integrases (class one intergon integrase, inti1; and vibrio cholerae integrase, vchinti) acts differently. In fact inti1 recognized variable attc sites for its deletion activity opposite to vchint. Finally, we show that the (ere(a)pip1100 ) gene cassette carries its own promoter and is propagated by a class 2 integron. The inti1 can mediate the integration of the erea attc site despite its short sequence
Mercier, Romain. "Organisation du chromosome d'Escherichia coli en macrodomaines : identification et rôle du système spécifique de site matS-MatP." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112361.
Full textThe organization of the E. Coli chromosome has been defined genetically as consisting of four insulated macrodomains and two less constrained regions. During my Ph. D. Thesis, we have analyzed the positioning, the segregation pattern and the motility of fluorescent markers in the macrodomains or the Non Structured regions. We have demonstrated that the organization into macrodomains influences the segregation of sister chromatids and the mobility of chromosomal DNA in a radically different way than the NS regions. Moreover we have demonstrated that the organization of the Terminus region into a macrodomain relies on the presence of a 13 bp motif called matS repeated 23 times in the 800 kb-long domain. MatS sites are the main targets in the E. Coli chromosome of a newly identified protein designated MatP. MatP accumulates in the cell as a discrete focus that colocalizes with the Ter macrodomain. The effects of MatP inactivation reveal its role as main organizer of the Ter macrodomain : in the absence of MatP, DNA is less compacted, the mobility of markers is increased, and segregation of Ter macrodomain occurs early in the cell cycle. Our results indicate that a specific organizational system is required in the Terminus region for bacterial chromosome management during the cell cycle
Gil, Carvalho Teresa. "Développement de stratégies de mutagenèse conditionnelle chez Plasmodium berghei via un système de recombinaison spécifique de site." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077023.
Full textBayart, Caroline. "Site-specific glycoconjugate synthesis." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1267.
Full textConjugate vaccines were developed because polysaccharide vaccines were not efficient in infant and old people. These vaccines were composed of the polysaccharide extracted from the bacterial capsule linked to a carrier protein. This protein created an immunological boost which allowed the vaccine to induce a proper protection for everyone. As chemistry knowledge and analytical techniques evolved, vaccines can now be better characterized and the production can be better controlled. Nevertheless, the chemistries used to bind the polysaccharide and the carrier protein are not always well-defined, which leads to the production of heterogeneous products. The objectives of this PhD were to study the polysaccharide, carrier proteins and new conjugation chemistries to specifically bind the two biomolecules. The other challenge was to be able to check the reaction specificity and characterize reaction products.To do so different analytical tools were used to allow a better knowledge of both conjugation partners but also to establish an efficient analytical strategy for glycoconjugate characterization. Conjugation reactions specificity was induced by using different bi-functional linkers, reacting specifically for one type of amino acid. Linkers’ reactivity was first tested on a model peptide. This allowed to facilitate the characterization and to check for both reaction specificity and reaction success. Efficient reactions were then tested on different models from carrier proteins to glycoconjugate vaccines. One of the four tested reactions was efficient from the peptide to the vaccine model. This conjugation is thus promising for the development of new conjugate vaccines
Castex, Dominique. "Mortalité, morbidité et gestion de l'espace funéraire au cours du Haut Moyen-Age : contribution spécifique de l'anthropologie biologique." Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR11097.
Full textCastex, Dominique. "Mortalité, morbidité et gestion de l'espace funéraire au cours du Haut Moyen-Age : contribution spécifique de l'anthropologie biologique." Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR10672.
Full textThierry, Caroline. "Planification et ordonnancement multi-site : une approche par satisfaction de contraintes." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ESAE0025.
Full textFaure, Gaëlle Berriau Nathalie Monot Paul. "Evaluation et propositions d'évolution du site web du GIP Ascodocpsy refonte du site avec SPIP (système de publication pour Internet) /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dessride/rsfaure.pdf.
Full textRoy, Anthony. "Gestion optimale d'un système multi-sources pour un site isolé en mer." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4067.
Full textThe electrical power generation in remote maritime areas must face many technical-economicconstraints related to the load satisfaction and the expensivefuel import for fossil based sources. Thanks to the recent development of marine renewable energies, new perspectives appearfor the electrical power supply of maritime remote areas, so asto decarbonize the electrical power generation. In this thesis, it is proposed to study the sizing and the energy management of anislanded microgrid madeof solar photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, tidal turbines, wave energy converters and batteries. A preliminary analysis of the harnessed resources allows some complementarities and non-complementaritiesto be highlighted. In order to reduce the unmet load demand and the cost of energy, a combined sizing and energy management optimization isproposed. Several demand-side management strategies are hierarchically applied on several loads, in order to avoid the occurrence of critical situations. The obtained results show that demand-side management allows the cost of energy to be reduced by decreasingthe amount of required storage. Also, thediversification of the sources brings many benefits. Finally, the ability of the developed algorithms tocorrectly manage the micro-grid in real time is validated on an experimental test bench
Falconet, Denis. "Organisation et structure primaire des gènes codant pour les ARN ribosomiques dans le génome mitochondrial du blé Titicum aestivum." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112285.
Full textDorbes, Laurent. "Mise en place du système de recombinaison site-spécifique FLP/FRT chez le tabac : Etudes préliminaires au ciblage de gènes." Compiègne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000COMP1266.
Full textLhospice, Florence. "Synthèse et évaluation pharmacologique d'anticorps couplés avec une nouvelle méthode de conjugaison site spécifique et stoechiométrique via l'enzyme transglutaminase bactérienne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0679.
Full textMost ADC that are currently in clinical use or development produced by chemical conjugation of a toxin via either lysine or cysteine residues, inevitably leading to heterogeneous products with variable drug-to-antibody ratios (DARs). Here, we describe the in vitro and in vivo characterization of novel ADCs that are based on the anti-CD30 antibody cAC10, which has the same polypeptide backbone as Adcetris, and compare the results with the latter. Bacterial transglutaminase (BTG) was exploited to site-specifically conjugate derivatives of MMAE to the glutamines at position 295 and 297 of cAC10, yielding homogeneous ADCs with a DAR of 4, TG-ADC. Preliminary works have led to define optimal conditions for conjugation, but also define a two step process. In vitro cell toxicity experiments revealed comparable EC50-values for Adcetris and TG-ADC. The efficacy data have shown slightly better efficacy for TG-ADC compared to Adcetris. Quantitative time-dependent in vivo biodistribution studies in normal and xenografted mice were performed with a selected 125I TG ADC and compared with 125I-Adcetris. Adcetris has an higher liver and spleen unspecific uptakes. In line with these results, the maximum tolerated dose of the BTG-coupled ADC (> 60 mg/kg) was significantly higher than that of ADCETRIS® (18 mg/kg) in rats. These results suggest that homogenous ADCs display improved pharmacokinetics and better therapeutic indexes compared to chemically modified ADCs with variable DARs
Perron, Vincent. "Apport des enregistrements de séismes et de bruit de fond pour l'évaluation site-spécifique de l'aléa sismique en zone de sismicité faible à modérée." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAU020.
Full textSite effects can greatly increase both the duration and the amplitude of the seismic solicitation imposed on structures. 2D-3D site effects induce broadband amplifications that cannot be simulated up to high frequency (>2-4 Hz) due to the limited resolution of the geological, geophysical and/or geotechnical information. Empirical site effect assessment is therefore essential for reliable observations of this complex phenomenon up to high frequency. However, such assessments often require good quality records from many earthquakes that cannot be rapidly obtained in low seismicity areas.This work presents a comparative analysis of these empirical evaluations on two very different sites, the first in a moderate seismicity context (Provence, France) and the second in a very active context (Kefalonia, Greece). For the Provençal site, nearly 500 earthquakes were recorded in only 2½ years thanks to the use of velocimeters. The site attenuation parameter κ_0 could thus be measured both on the acceleration (κ_(0_AS)) and displacement (κ_(0_DS)) spectra. Our results show that the measurement of κ_0 is relatively reliable on rock sites only, mainly due to the too great disturbance by the amplification for sedimentary sites, even for those that are quite stiff. The standard spectral ratio (SSR) approach provides the relative site effects from the numerous weak motion recordings available at sites located in Provence and Kefalonia. The results show a strong epistemic variability due to the lighting induced by the position of the seismic source with respect to the basin. Thus, while a reliable site response estimation is possible from only a few events for 1D geometries, it requires much more earthquakes evenly distributed around the site when the geometry is 2D-3D. The mean SSR results are then compared with those obtained from methods using the ambient noise. As expected, the H/V spectral ratio approach (HVSR) provides only the fundamental frequency for some sites. Conversely, SSR applied to ambient noise (SSRn) shows very similar results to the SSR method up to high frequency, provided that the reference site is taken in the sedimentary basin. Approaches using the noise correlation (coherence and ANIRF) reveal that the transfer function relative to a rock reference site can be estimated at least up to low frequency (<4 Hz). Methods using ambient noise are promising for a rapid evaluation of the site response and its spatial variability (microzoning), even when seismicity is low. Empirical site effects methods are therefore applicable everywhere. They provide an essential complement to numerical approaches, which remain inevitable when the coverage of available earthquakes is not homogeneous or when soils are likely to present non-linear behaviors.These results led us to propose a methodology for the evaluation of the site-specific seismic hazard, which consists of three main stages: (i) adjustment to the rock reference site of the ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) using, among others, κ_(0_DS); (ii) Reliable evaluation of the SSR transfer function between at least one site in the basin and the reference site (for which the GMPEs were adjusted); (iii) carrying out this assessment from the ANIRF in the less seismically active regions and/or extension to the entire study area with the SSRn. This methodology allows a much better consideration of the site effects (especially 2D-3D) and a significant reduction of the uncertainties in the evaluations of the site-specific seismic hazard. It only required, simultaneous recording of earthquakes on at least two sites equipped with sensible velocimeters, and to carrying out temporary campaign of ambient noise measurements, if necessary
Si, Youcef Mohamed. "Gestion durable de l'environnement en Algérie." Valenciennes, 2006. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/42bc842e-4f49-4193-a447-306d970965fc.
Full textThe development of strategy which preserves environmental quality and natural resources, the goal being to maintain a harmonious balance between the economic, social and environmental concerns, constitutes a re requirement and a need. This strategy must old account of the complexity of the environmental problems and their interdependent nature. To find solutions to these problems will require an intersectorial and multidisciplinary approach and taking into consideration a series of tools available for their treatment. The objective of this strategy will be to reconcile the economic and social development witch the rational and durable use of natural resources and the need to redule pollution and its harmful effects and to attenuate the risks to public health. This strategy will have to guide the priority actions to mitigate the serious current space distortions witch result in a consirrable wastage of natural resources
Adam, Emmanuel. "Modèle d'organisation multi-agent pour l'aide au travail coopératif dans les processus d'entreprise : Application aux systèmes administratifs complexes." Valenciennes, 2000. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/4369ca43-72f7-44d9-b12a-5089717a2380.
Full textZeidan, Abdul Salam. "Démarche d'estimation des délais de réalisation d'un tunnel en site urbain." Marne-la-Vallée, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MARN0134.
Full textSkids of times were observed on several underground works carried out in urban site. At the programming stage, the aim of our method is to elaborate a tool for estimating the completion dates of a linear part for a tunnel project. We analysed the specific contexts of the urban environment and identified the parameters of soils influencing the performance of TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) as well as the components of TBM to take into account during the development of our approach. We noted that we must propose several models and that the techniques of fuzzy logic would be well adapted to our needs. The first model is the soil model, it concerns the representation of data, the profile met by the TBM and the delimitation of the zones. The second model is of the TBM model ; it is interested in the identification of the categories and the components of the TBM. The third model treats the interaction ground-TBM and connects the performance of the TBM with the properties of the soils in order to obtain the its adequacy to the soils. Finally, a model of planning translates the adequacy of TBM into completion date, through a relation between the advanced nominal rate of the TBM and its adequacy. For the planning itself, two approaches were used. The first allowing the estimate of the completion date by a fork of possible times going from a pessimistic time to an optimistic time, passing by an interval of the most probable time. The second approach is that of the method of fuzzy belief BIFPET, it allows the integration of all the sources data available for the team of planning and the chief of the project. The time estimated by this method is a crisp time (as approach PERT). Finally, a software was developed starting from the approaches of planning
Boumane, Abderrazak, Driss Bouami, and Abdennebi Talbi. "Développement d'une méthodologie de gestion des compétences." Valenciennes, 2007. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/368e8f4b-a379-4122-890c-b85bfc6a4815.
Full textAlthough the competency management is recognized as a likely key factor to success for any organization, the existing approaches in literature reveal methodological weakness. In addition, it is often limited to put the concept of competency into operation. Given these insufficiencies and stakes that are articulated around the competency management, the principal goal of this research work consists in contributing to development of competency management methodology. First, a systemic model of competency has been proposed. This model postulates that competence is a dynamic construction, which can be seized only in reference to an actor into a professional situation. The actor builds his strategies of action according to a scheme considered as "a model of action". Second, a methodology for requisite competency identification has been developed. It is based on two principal analyses: global analysis of the context organization and analysis of the occupation. Third, a step for developing a competencies appraisal system was proposed. It is based on the principle of the continuous improvement which facilitates the necessary adjustments and makes it possible to build an appropriate a competencies appraisal system, more coherent and better adapted to the organization. Lastly, the experimentation of the methodology for requisite competency identification was carried out. We illustrated it through two case studies stemming from a different field: 1) the activity of regulation of an urban transportation network; 2) the internal doctor activity of exerting within a hospital center
Lemoine, David. "Modèles génériques et méthodes de résolution pour la planification tactique mono-site et multi-site." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00731297.
Full textFrère, Raphaël. "Contribution à l'intégration d'aspects humains dans la modélisation des systèmes de fabrication : vers une gestion conjointe des ressources humaines et de la production." Valenciennes, 2000. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/2441e831-aa2c-4021-80c4-b4b6ceb354a0.
Full textThe optimization of Production and Human Resources management needs objective and subjective data and to respect their respective constraints. A model is suggested which allows the integration of both human and technical aspects. That model is based on four levels respectively relevant to the modelling of structure, functions, processes and behaviour of the manufacturing systems components. Those four modelling levels result from analysis of existing models, informational needs of Production and Human Resources Management and human operator’s role in manufacturing systems. That document presents each of the four modelling levels, their interactions and integration of human social aspects they allow. These levels are applied on a low automated Passenger rail vehicles manufacturing system. That implementation gives an illustration of our contribution to human aspects integration in manufacturing systems modelling and stresses on the importance of these human aspects relevant to social background, motivation and skills of human operators. The main issues of this work deal with the definition of human and social indicators, which can be assessed by the way of fuzzy logic, knowledge management and joint management of both Production and Human Resources
Tano, Krongrossi. "Conception et implémentation d'un système intégrant des modèles de simulation et un SIADS (système interactif d'aide à la décision spécifique) de gestion portuaire : application à la gestion du port autonome d'Abidjan." Paris 9, 1994. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1994PA090020.
Full textPanis, Gaël. "Caractérisation du module de recombinaison spécifique de site du prophage KplE1 d'Escherichia coli : de l'assemblage de l'intasome à la régulation des gènes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX22089.
Full textKplE1 is one of the 10 prophage region present on the Escherichia coli K12 chromosome. We showed in vivo that this prophage is fully competent to excise from the bacterial chromosome, although it is unable to form viral particles and lyse its host. In the laboratory, we have identified Ints (integrase) and TorI (RDF) proteins, encoded on the KplE1 prophage, and the host protein IHF (NBP) only involved in the mechanism of site-specific recombination (SSR). We have mapped on attL and attR regions, the binding sites of recombinant proteins for the assembly of the intasome, the nucleoprotein complex competent for SSR. All of these sites as well as intS and torI genes that overlap respectively attL and attR regions, have permit to define a KplE1 recombination module. This module is highly conserved and is found among phages infecting different E. coli and shigella strains. The model in terms of RSS is that described for λ bacteriophage. However, the number and organization of recombination sites suggests that the architecture of the KplE1 intasome differs from that of λ. Our findings reinforce the idea that the intasome assembly is specific to the SSR module considered even if ultimately the catalyzed reaction is similar.Regarding the intS and torI gene expressions, the fact that these genes are located at each end of the prophage, prevented the transcriptional coupling of these genes from a common promoter when the lysis/lysogeny switch occurs. Because of its atypical orientation on attL, and the presence of IntS and TorI protein binding sites that overlap its promoter region, we have logically studied the regulation of the intS gene. We have shown that intS is negatively regulated by both IntS and TorI proteins. Our in vivo and in vitro results suggest that the efficiency of the excision recombination reaction is closely related to the amount of this integrase, which can justify the strict control of the intS gene expression. In parallel, an in silico approach has revealed that the atypical orientation of the integrase gene is widespread in prophage genomes, leading us to generalize this atypical mechanism of negative regulation of integrase
Angelescu, Georgiana. "Une analyse du processus d'apprentissage organisationnel dans un contexte spécifique : la gestion de projet (étude de cas sur l'entreprise Dacia - groupe Renault)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010063.
Full textKopf, Heidrun. "Application à la gestion du stress d'une pychothérapie cognitive et comportementale : mise au point d'un programme spécifique destiné aux patients cardio-vasculaires." Besançon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BESA1024.
Full textMiranda, Monica. "L'événement urbain festif : vers une " gestion de site exploratoire " sur lespace public ? : les cas de Nantes et de Bordeaux." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00638363/en/.
Full textSerre, Marie-Claude. "Recombinaison specifique de site chez les archaea. Implication dans le cycle du virus SSV1 de Sulfolobus shibatae." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00112419.
Full textNous exploiterons les résultats obtenus in vitro pour évaluer le rôle de l'intégration dans le maintien du virus sous forme stable, en replaçant des mutations inactivant soit l'intégrase soit le site viral de recombinaison dans le génome de SSV1. Le devenir de ces virus recombinants réintroduits dans Sulfolobus solfataricus sera évalué et nous permettra de déterminer si l'intégration du génome viral dans celui de son hôte est essentiel au maintien et à l'amplification du virus. Une analyse biochimique réciproque consistera à déterminer si une forme tronquée de l'intégrase (correspondant au produit de la disruption intégrative) est fonctionnelle pour le processus d'excision. La directionalité des évènements d'intégration et d'excision peut reposer soit sur la forme active de la recombinase (tronquée ou non) soit, et de manière non exclusive, par l'intervention de protéines accessoires fournies soit par l'hôte soit par le virus. L'identification de ces partenaires éventuels sera réalisée en utilisant des approches biochimiques classiques (co-immunoprécipitation, affinité, séquence peptidique) dans différentes conditions de croissance induisant ou non la production virale. Les résultats seront confrontés aux informations obtenues par les analyses transcriptomiques des effets des radiations réalisées sur Sulfolobus mais également Thermococcus ou Pyrococcus. L'analyse du pool de gènes induits lors d'une irradiation devrait contribuer à l'identification des facteurs de l'hôte intervenant dans la production virale en réponse au stress.
Outre le rôle de l'intégration dans le cycle viral, nous évaluerons dans une approche plus globale le rôle des différentes protéines codées par le virus. En effet, sur les 34 protéines potentiellement produites par SSV1 seules 4 ont une fonction identifiée. Par ailleurs, l'analyse comparative des différents génomes de fusellovirus montre que seules 18 ORFs (dont l'intégrase) sont communes à tous ces virus, suggérant que les protéines correspondantes assurent les fonctions minimales essentielles au développement viral. Chacune de ces ORFs sera délétée par LI-PCR. Cette stratégie devrait nous permettre de nous affranchir d'effets secondaires transcriptionnels liés à l'organisation polycistronique du génome viral. L'effet de l'inactivation de chaque ORF sera évalué en prenant en compte différentes étapes du développement viral (stabilité du génome dans la cellule hôte, production de particules virales, infectivité...). Nous espérons ainsi définir la fonction de ces protéines qui n'ont pour l'heure aucun homologue dans le vivant.
Coddeville, Michèle. "Le module de lysogénie du bactériophage mv4 de Lactobacillus delbrueckiis : le commutateur génétique et le contrôle directionnel de la recombinaison spécifique de site." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/219/.
Full textA temperate bacteriophage has a choice between two different life cycles after infection of a permissive host bacterium. It can enter a lytic cycle leading to the cell death or a lysogenic phase, transforming the host into a lysogenic bacterium. The genetic switch controlling the mv4 life cycles was characterized. The expression of the two early divergent operons is regulated by the interaction of two repressors, Rep and Tec, the equivalent of lambdaCI and lamdaCro respectively, with the intergenic region containing the promoters Prep and Ptec. During the establishment of lysogeny and during induction of the lytic cycle, temperate bacteriophages can integrate or excise their genomes into the bacterial host chromosome by a site-specific recombination system. The directionality of the site-specific recombination is controlled by a recombination directionality factor (RDF). We have identified and functionally characterized the RDF involved in the site-specific excision of the mv4 prophage genome
Wang, Jiaxi. "Conception d'un système de gestion d'interface utilisateur dans l'environnement CIM." Valenciennes, 1991. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/6557f95a-3895-4923-b0c3-25657fa4de4a.
Full textSivado, Eva. "New bacterial transglutaminase Q-tag substrate for the development of site-specific Antibody Drug Conjugates." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1261/document.
Full textAntibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a powerful class of therapeutic agents, demonstrating success in the treatment of several malignancies. The currently approved ADCs are produced by chemical conjugations and exist as heterogeneous mixtures that negatively influence the pharmacokinetics and in vivo performance. Recently many of site-specific conjugation technologies have been developed to reduce heterogeneity and batch-to batch variability. Microbial transglutaminase (mTG) has been demonstrated as efficient tool for site-specific conjugation. In this thesis we report the development CovIsoLink™ (Covalently Isopeptide Crosslinking) technology for the generation of homogenous immunoconjugates using a novel glutamine donor peptides (Q-tag) with improved affinity compared to the known peptides (ZQG, LLQG). As a proof of concept, the peptides sequences were engineered into the heavy chain C-terminal of Trastuzumab antibody. We demonstrated the reproducible and homogeneous conjugation of Q-tagged Trastuzumab with different payloads, without any unconjugated species. The ADCs were evaluated in series of in vitro and in vivo assays. We confirmed that the immunoreactivity and internalisation are not altered by the conjugation. Furthermore similar in vitro and in vivo tumor cell killing potency was demonstrated than Trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla®), which is already used in the clinic. Morover we extend our site-specific conjugation technology to antibody fragments (Fab and scFv), evaluating their functionality by conjugation with AlexaFluor488-cadaverine and in antigen binding assays. Thus, using novel glutamine donor peptides, our technology provides an alternative enzymatic conjugation strategy for the engrafment of different payloads resulting in homogeneous batches, without unconjugated species
Assemat, Karine. "Substitutions d'acides aminés conservés de la thiorédoxine de R. Sphaeroides : conséquences sur ses propriétés catalytiques et sur ses fonctions biologiques chez R. sphaeroides." Compiègne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995COMPD817.
Full textBousmar, Khadija. "Conception d'un solveur matériel spécifique pour la résolution rapide du problème SAT appliqué à l'évaluation du risque en génie industriel." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0341.
Full textIn this thesis, we address a topic in the field of industrial engineering related to solving a fundamental decision problem in the theory of complexity and propositional satisfiability called SAT. The latter is usually presented in a mathematical formalism, allowing the modelling of complex problems, both academic and from real world. These problems are presented in boolean form in order to check their feasibility. They relate to several application areas, such as hardware and software verification, telecommunications, medicine, and planning. The evolution and progress observed in recent years in the field of problem-solving using SAT has made it possible to reinforce the conviction that this field can be even more promising in solving difficult (complex or complex NP) problems and that more attention needs to be dedicated to it. It is with this in mind that we have taken an interest in applying it to purely industrial problems in order to propose contributions in a new field of application. The objective of this thesis is to develop decision-support tools that can be used in the field of industrial risk management. Although the SAT formalism is very powerful, in practice, when the targeted problems are large, the resolution tools prove to be less effective. Therefore, the aim of this research is to develop a rapid hardware architecture (with FPGA-targeted implementation) that allows massive acceleration of resolution due to the high level of parallel processing of the hardware approach. In this thesis, two main aspects are studied and developed to solve a problem of management of industrial production resources. These aspects are, on the one hand, the basic principles of operation and resolution of a generic SAT configurable solver and, on the other hand, methods adapted to the operating principle adopted for the hardware solver. Indeed, although targeting goals comparable to those of the software approach (optimization of the search space path), the material approach requires the development of specific resolution methods. These have been specifically optimised for the target application area of industry. The effectiveness of the material approach developed showed satisfactory results, point of view of the number of variables used and resolution time on the problems tested
Chen, Hongyan. "Gestion du changement dans le système d'information d'un système de production." Valenciennes, 2003. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/170d7bb2-1e66-43a1-8e56-8c9ef9d430fa.
Full textThe development of market and the change of customer's needs demand that the enterprise must change itself in order to satisfy the market and the continuous development. Since the complexity of production system and the change process, a change methodology in necessary. This methodology should include the change methods and tools which support the change. The objective of this thesis is to develop a methodology to manage the change in the information system of production system. Our methodology, based on our organization model which is composed of eight components (strategy, technology, information technology, structure, culture, staff, system and flexibility), has five levels (change driven, diagnose, change objectives, change deployment and obtain objectives). The enterprise modeling and simulation technologies are used to support our methodology. In the end of this report, ARIS and software ARIS Toolset are used to validate an example
Hug, Stéphane. "La gestion des seigneuries dans l'espace wallon au XVIIIe siècle." Valenciennes, 2006. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/a0035993-399d-483d-8dc0-5ae22ec6a731.
Full textThis essay first aims at defining the different identities of the Walloon seigniory, by favoriving the notion of geographic scale with a reasoned use of the cartographic dimension. Then, we’ll explain how the seigniorial structures used to administrate both in the northern provinces of France and in the southern Austrian Netherlands during the last century of the Ancient Régime. On that occasion, the emphasis is put on the knowledge of the seigneurial administrative structures. The historiographic aim of this process is quite simple : to confront our perception of modern seigniory with what the science of organizations can offer, a field hardly explored by French historians. At last, in the third chapter, we’ll enumerate each and evory administrative tool (such as terriers, chassereaux, accounts or archives compenduums), in the hands of every administration and we’ll observe their action notably when the seigniory “was reconstructing” or when they were inscribing their professional practice beyond their political limits
Massa, Franck. "Gestion des imperfections en phase de conception des structures mécaniques." Valenciennes, 2005. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/ef698731-7123-4abb-84e4-cda922ad86e5.
Full textToday, the use of deterministic numerical simulations is inadequate because several kinds of imprecision are identified in different steps of modelisation and realisation of mechanical structure. In this report, a methodology, based on the fuzzy set theory, is proposed to model the parametric imprecision in a finite element context and to study their propagation to static or modal solutions. These quantities are evaluated by looking at combinations of parameters that lead to the minimum and maximum variations. The extrema solutions are then approximated with high order developments. The aim is to determine with precision all the possible behaviour of model with attractive computing times for the design phase. The proposed methodology is exploited in two processes. First, a study is performed to compare the experimental results, aggregated in fuzzy subsets, to those obtained numerically from a nominal model and an estimation of dispersions. The second study deals with the optimization process, which adjusts the fuzzy design variables of the model in function of non boolean restrictions respecting the specifications and some imprecise parameters
Gallet, Sébastien. "Les landes atlantiques : de l'écologie des perturbations à la gestion conservatoire : exemple du site mégalithique de Carnac." Rennes 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN10023.
Full textBloyer, Paul. "Gestion des déchets radioactifs et marquage sonore de site : modèles et outils conceptuels pour une signalétique pérenne." Thesis, Limoges, 2021. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/2bcd3d25-b708-4147-8f5e-fb1b8d95c86f/blobholder:0/2021LIMO0002.pdf.
Full textThe radioactive waste burial project, Cigéo (Industrial centre for geological disposal), provides for the storage of French nuclear waste, 500 metres underground, between Meuse and Haute-Marne. The National Agency for the Management of Radioactive Waste (Andra) leads the infrastructure project to store the waste long term, since radioactive decay can extend from five centuries to 100,000 years. Such a project certainly represents a technical challenge, but it also represents a cultural challenge: how does one create and preserve the memory of the existence of this storage facility? The Memory program, piloted by Andra, funds research on the carriers and the messages likely to generate and maintain a collective memory of the landfill site, in the (very) long term. Our research questions the capacity of sound to transmit a stable message and contribute to creating a lasting memory. We therefore seek to identify and conceive discourses whose meaning could be understood by individuals from various cultural backgrounds, and which are likely to continually exist on a multi-secular scale. This work proceeds to an inventory of the problems linked to such a project. They approach the role and place of sound within the memory system, and in interaction with the other discursive modalities that will compose it. We explore the relevant theoretical horizons in order to describe and understand how sound makes sense. Finally, the analysis of data from surveys on sound perception allows us to discuss theoretical contributions and specify the relevant research horizons for the description of sound meaning, and the development of tools for the design of sound signage
Ababneh, Abdelkader. "Gestion, protection et présentation des sites archéologiques : étude de cas : le site archéologique de Jarash en Jordanie." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE2002.
Full textThis study presents an analysis of the state of the Jordanian archaeological heritage and more particularly of the archeological site of Jarash in the North of Jordan. It has for objective the evaluation of the actions led for its development. How communities and the Jordanian State insures the integrity, the accessibility and the conservation of this remarkable site by the application of adequate measures of management, protection and touristic development. To reach this objective and to conceive a model of applicable evaluation in the Jordanian context and facilitating the archaeological development of sites, it was necessary to develop two areas of research. The first one allows examining the procedures of development of the historical heritage on an international scale and at the national level. The second axis corresponds to a case study, which express the acts of development of the archeological site of Jarash and the essential stages of the development regarding with the cultural and tourist development of the site of Jarash. The qualitative approach contributes, as for it to question the responsibility of the local public actors. A particular field study is based on interviews with the actors participating in the development and in the protection of the site. Two essential questions arise: -What is the importance granted to this magnificent romano-byzantine archeological site of Jarash by the local and governmental authorities in an essentially Muslim country? -How is this architectural heritage integrated into the cultural transmission between Jordanians' diverse generation. To answer, the observation of process of management of the site by means of index cards (forms) of analysis and the study of a photographic corpus allow to conceive approach, so quantitative as qualitative of the measures taken by communities and the Jordanian State. Theoretical propositions and pragmatic prescriptions conclude this research
Grange, Muriel. "Régulation de l'isoforme d'AMPc-phosphodiestérase PDE4D3 par l'acide phosphatidique : localisation d'un site spécifique de liaison et conséquences pour la signalisation cellulaire dépendante de l' AMPc." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAL0005.
Full textHormones and growth factors induce in many cell types the production of phosphatidic acid (PA), which has been proposed to play a role as a second messenger. Moreover, in acellular system, PA selectively stimulates certain isoforms of cAMP-phosphodiesterases (PDE4) carring a specifie regulatory domain, such as the PDE4D3 isoform. We have studied the mechanism by which PA activates the PDE4D3 isoform, and addressed the physiological meaning of the P AIPDE4 interaction in intact cells. For this purpose, we used transiently transfected MA10 cells overexpressing the PDE4D3 isoform. We showed that the treatment of these cells with inhibitors of PA degradation, including proprano lol, induced an accumulation of endogenous PA accompanied by a stimulation of PDE activity, and a significant decrease in both cA1\1P levels and protein kinase A-activity. Similar observations were also made in FRTL5 cells which naturally express the PDE4D3 isoform. By a radioisotopic labeling of endogenous phospholipids in MAlO cells overexpressing PDE4D3, followed by an immunoprecipitation of the protein, we demonstrated that endogenous PA was specifically bound to PDE4D3. A PA binding site on PDE4D3 was characterized using directed mutagenesis strate gy. Deletion of aminoacids 31 to 59 in the N-terminal regulatory domain of the enzyme abolished both PA activating effect and PA binding, suggesting that this region contains a PA binding site. Our results suggest that endogenous PA can modulate cAMP levels and consequently cAMP-dependent signaling pathway in intact cells, through a direct interaction with phosphodiesterases
Bonte, Thérèse. "Conception et validation d'un système de gestion de base de données pour la simulation et la conduite d'ateliers flexibles." Valenciennes, 1985. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/17b2e844-2fe6-494a-ac29-58695f0b474e.
Full textKennedy-Val, Marie-Eve. "Etude du système de résolution des dimères de chromosome chez Vibrio cholerae : mplication dans le contrôle de la lysogénie du phage CTXφ codant pour la toxine cholérique." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112098.
Full textThe majority of the bacteria have a single circular chromosome. At the time of replication, chromosome dimers can be formed by homologous recombination between sister chromatides. Dimerisation of replicating chromosomes prevents the faithful segregation of genetic information between the two daughter cells. To correct this, the tyrosine recombinases, XerC and XerD, resolve dimers by adding an additional crossover at a specific site on the chromosome called dif. In Escherichia coli, the resolution of chromosome dimers is coordinated with cellular division by a septal protein, FtsK. FtsK pumps the DNA of dimers through the division septum until encountering dif, thereby aligning the two sites that the dimer carries. FtsK then activates XerC/D recombination to resolve the dimer into two monomeric chromosomes that can be segregated prior to division. Vibrio cholerae has two circular chromosomes, each one carrying a unique dif site, dif1 for chromosome I and dif2 for chromosome II. The system of resolution of chromosome dimers must therefore manage a higher degree of complexity to ensure the segregation of two chromosomes. Of additional interest, V. Cholerae is the agent responsible for the cholera. The choleric toxin, which causes the potentially deadly diarrheas of cholera, is coded by the temperate phage CTX. CTX is integrated into the genome of its host dif site by hijacking the activity of XerC and XerD. During my thesis, I was interested in the study of the system of resolution of chromosome dimers in V. Cholerae. My goal was to not only understand its role in the normal cellular cycle of this multi-chromosomal bacterium, but also to take account of its contribution to the integration of the phage CTX
Nguimalet, Cyriaque-Rufin Bravard Jean-Paul. "Le cycle et la gestion de l'eau à Bangui (République centrafricaine) approche hydrogéomorphologique du site d'une ville africaine /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2004. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2004/nguimalet_cr.
Full textLe, Quéré Yann. "Proposition d'un modèle pour l'ordonnancement et la planification réactive : application à la maintenance ferroviaire." Valenciennes, 2004. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/06683722-bbc2-470e-aeeb-6f03c7464be1.
Full textThe aim of this work is to measure the performance of a production control system. We focus on the problematic of control system in an environment composed of several decision centers, taking into account reaction delays. When an unexpected event is detected by a decision center, some modifications of the schedule required by this decision center may induce consequences on tasks under the control of other decision centers, because there exist some constraints between the jobs controlled by different decision centers. Each modification during the execution of a task should be submitted to the approval of each concerned decision center. The coordination between these decision centers implies a reaction delay between all of them. But, the suggested modifications may not be compatible with these reaction delays. This is why we present a control model for reactive scheduling, including reaction delays between decision centers. This model leads to a formal definition of reactivity being used to the industrial case of the high-speed train (TGV) maintenance at the French railway company (SNCF)
Vo, Quang Tri. "Déterminant du comportement de recommandation d'un site web." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00974800.
Full textBrinon, Claire. "Etude de la ressource en eau du site gallo-romain de Grand (Vosges) et de sa gestion antique." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066154.
Full textFor the ancient city of Grand (Vosges), as for every agglomeration, the establishing and sustainable maintaining necessitate sufficient resource in fresh water. Located on a calcareous plateau, the city does not have any direct access to surface water. The purpose of the study is the identification of groundwater resources and its management, putting the antic site back in its hydrogeological context and figuring out the relationship between the hydraulic network and the city framework. We hence seek to: i) characterize the calcareous aquifer in the complex local geological context and ii) describe the past structures (hydraulic network, houses, roads). Geophysical surveys, hydrological tests and speleological explorations were performed, along with the study of ancient documents, aerial photographs and LiDAR data. The georeferencing of those elements and the creation a GIS allow from now the cross-analysis of the different spatial data available. The water resources available were located: a superficial aquifer with karstic circulations at the basis of Upper Oxfordian formation was exploited and favored compared to the more abundant Middle Oxfordian unit water resources. The identification and location of known underground galleries show that a 2km-long network was built within the limits of the site’s drainage basin, in order to drive the aquifer water towards the city downtown. Gardens and surrounding fields were as systematically as possible surveyed with geophysical tools allowing us to propose a plan of the global agglomeration organization
TOULLEC, HELENE. "Dynamique des systèmes perturbés : dégradation, restauration et gestion des landes piétinées : exemple du site mégalithique de Carnac-Bretagne." Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN10131.
Full textSerhan, Zeinab. "Rmn du deuterium en abondance naturelle en milieu oriente chiral et achiral : une nouvelle approche analytique pour la détermination du fractionnement isotopique site-spécifique d'acides gras." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112357.
Full textNatural abundance deuterium (NAD) 2D-NMR spectroscopy using (a)chiral liquid crystals as NMR solvent is a powerful method for two reasons: i) the quadrupolar interaction (an order-sensitive NMR interaction specific to spins I > ½) is not averaged to zero anymore as in liquids; ii) the chirality of medium allows enantiomers (chiral molecule) or enantiotopic directions (prochiral molecule) to be spectrally discriminated. The main objective of this Thesis work was to explore the analytical potential of this technique to analyze the natural distribution of deuterium in the case of esters of saturated fatty acids (SAFA) and (poly)unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The ultimate goal of this research is to collect new (stereochemical) information to improve the understanding of some enzymatic mechanisms involved during their biosynthesis. In this context, we have shown that the use of oriented solutions of polypeptide (chiral mesophases) using polar co-solvents such as DMF or pyridine (py) provided better results in terms of spectral (enantio)discrimination (number of sites and magnitude) on the the basis of chemical shifts and deuterium quadrupole splittings. Thus, the chiral mesophase (PBLG/py) has been applied successfully to analyse PUFA’s like the methyl linoleate (C18) for which we could measure the enantio-isotopomeric excess (eie) at each methylen site of the molecule. For the first time, important information related to the stereochemistry of enzymatic mechanisms, inaccessible by the conventional method SNIF-NMR®, have been determined. The same methodology using achiral (PBG / py) and chiral (PBG / py) mesophases, revealed also to be an excellent tool for analysing SAFA in their free form (C14 to C18), or in triglyceride forms (3*C4 and 3*C14). The assignment of 2H doublets detected on 2D-NMR spectra of SAFA’s was confirmed by developing a theoretical model predicting the orientational ordering behavior of these flexible molecules. As illustrative exemple, the method was applied for investigating the enzymatic mechanisms converting the linoleate into vernoleate in two different plants. Finally, to improve the understanding of “solute/polypeptide" interactions involved in the orientation and enantiodiscrimination mechanisms, we have investigated by NAD 2D-NMR the evolution of the order parameters (Saupe matrix) of two apolar, rigid prochiral molecules dissolved in a chiral mesophase made by mixing two polypeptides having the same stereochemistry (L) but different type of side chains, versus their respective mass proportion
Didierjean, Claude. "Reconnaissance spécifique des cofacteurs NAD/NADP par les oxydoréductases : étude cristallographique du site de fixation du coenzyme dans la Glycéraldéhyde-3-phosphate déshydrogénase de Bacillus stearothermophilus." Nancy 1, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1997_0191_DIDIERJEAN.pdf.
Full textPerrin, Clémence. "La pratique du canyoning dans les parcs naturels régionaux du Vercors et du massif des Bauges : une gestion spécifique de l'activité au sein de chaque territoire." Grenoble 1, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01632433.
Full textChtioui, Hajer. "Gestion de la cohérence des données dans les systèmes multiprocesseurs sur puce." Valenciennes, 2011. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/8926ebf0-3437-465d-8e4f-cfd4328f6db6.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis aims to provide an efficient hardware solution for managing cache coherency of shared data in shared memory multiprocessor systems-on-chip (MPSoC) dedicated for intensive signal processing applications. Several solutions are proposed in the literature to solve this problem. However, most of these solutions are efficient only for high-performance multiprocessor systems. These systems take rarely into account hardware resources and energy consumption limitations. In MPSoCs architectures these constraints are very important. In addition, these solutions do not take into account access patterns from the different processors to shared data. In this thesis, we propose a new approach for treating cache coherency problem. It consists on a new hybrid (invalidation/update) adaptive cache coherence protocol. A hardware architecture that facilitates its implementation and optimizes its performance is also proposed. The experimental results show that the proposed protocol in conjunction with this architecture provides an interesting level of performances and energy consumption