Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gestion basée sur l'écosystème'
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Montoroi, Jean-Pierre. "Dynamique de l'eau et géochimie des sels d'un bassin versant aménagé de Basse-Casamance (Sénégal) : conséquences sur la gestion durable de l'écosystème de mangrove en période de sécheresse." Nancy 1, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1994_0401_MONTOROI.pdf.
Full textLoiseau, Charles. "Méthodes pour évaluer la planification de l'espace marin : La gestion des pressions anthropiques au cœur de la conservation des écosystèmes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPSLP004.
Full textAs the pressures exerted by human activities on the marine environment intensify, a rational organization of these activities is needed to stem the degradation of the ecosystems on which the supply of goods and services to human societies depends. Recent concepts of the ecosystem approach and their promising application to maritime spatial planning provide answers to this challenge, but the complexity of the tissue formed by marine ecosystems and the human uses interacting with them makes it difficult to operationalize these approaches. This thesis proposes to put marine ecosystem conservation back at the heart of the planning process, by integrating the principles of ecosystem-based management into maritime spatial planning, and by assessing the role of marine protected areas (MPAs) as a preferred tool for ecosystem conservation within the planning process. Assessing the cumulative impact of human activities at a scale relevant to management in Moorea, French Polynesia, has highlighted the strong contribution of land-based activities to cumulative impact at lagoon scale, underlining the need for integrated management of the land-sea continuum. We then demonstrate the added value of this same approach in guiding management decisions in a rational and transparent way, and in particular the contribution of MPAs to effectively reducing human pressures within them. Indeed, MPAs are a preferential zoning tool for the conservation of marine ecosystems, and can thus be integrated into maritime spatial planning, provided that the activities responsible for deleterious pressures on the environment are effectively managed. We used an MPA classification system based on regulated and unregulated activities to assess the actual level of protection afforded by MPAs in France and the Mediterranean Sea. The results show that, although some countries have achieved the target of 10% MPAs by 2020, the vast majority of MPAs do not have sufficient levels of protection to deliver socio-ecological benefits. In order to ensure that MPAs can fulfill their role in ecosystem conservation, the recently set targets for 2030 now set 10% of strict or strong protection. We therefore analyzed which factors explain the presence of the highest levels of protection in the Mediterranean Sea, and the results show that the high levels of protection in the Mediterranean Sea are opportunistic, targeting neither particular biodiversity components nor high levels of human pressure. Taken together, the results highlight the lack of consideration given to conservation objectives, both within the MSP, through a lack of approaches dedicated locally to assessing the cumulative impact of human activities and evaluating different planning scenarios with regard to conservation issues, and within the MPAs, which are nonetheless dedicated to achieving these conservation objectives. the various approaches proposed here make it possible to place biodiversity back at the heart of marine spatial planning
Kaddah, Rim. "Gestion active de la demande basée sur l'habitat connecté." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0025/document.
Full textThe Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm brings an opportunity for advanced Demand Response (DR) solutions. Indeed, it enables visibility and control on the various appliances that may consume, store or generate energy within a home. In this thesis, we consider solutions having the capability to produce direct control decisions at different granularities based on variables measured at homes. Control schemes are driven by an optimization based on utility functions. These functions are defined based on a generic approach that considers load’s flexibility and the impact of control decisions on users. The proposed approach does not impose any restrictions on the type of controlled appliances nor on the granularity of control decisions. This enables joint control of heterogeneous loads. We consider three types of control architectures, namely centralized, partially distributed and fully distributed solutions. Schemes based on these architectures differ in the distribution of decision making among entities involved in the control and data that is made available to these entities. Numerical analysis shows the trade-offs of proposed solutions from a performance, scalability and complexity perspectives
Randimbiarison, Jérôme. "Signature numérique d'un document basée sur FIDO2." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66598.
Full textIn this digital era, the use of paper documents is impractical and inefficient, which motivates companies to move towards the use of electronic documents (or e-docs). This desire to innovate towards a paperless operation can improve the efficiency and quality of public or private administration services so as to speed up their activities and at the same time better meet customer needs. However, this practice has created new needs, such as the actual digital signature of documents. In this thesis, we have proposed a new digital signature scheme using FIDO2, which happens to be a new standard for secure online authentication based on digital signatures. The fact that FIDO2 is a free standard makes it easier for software and hardware developers to implement their own products. This inspired us to use it a digital signature purpose, the idea being, to replace the challenge sent by the server with the hash of e-docs and send it to the signer’s device so that the latter signs with his private key. As with public key infrastructure, each user had a key pair, that is, a private key and a public key. A signatory must confirm their biometric identification (fingerprint, facial recognition, voice, etc.) or PIN code to access the private key stored locally on their device and sign a document. During our research, we carried out several tests with different equipment (PC, USB FIDO, Smartphone) as well as different OS (Android, iOS, Windows). The results of our tests show us that we can use FIDO2 to sign an electronic document. This proposed new approach can be used for a face-to-face (local) or remote (online) signature. The prototype developed for the implementation of our approach has been validated with typical users (member-clients and advisers) in a company.
Piamrat, Kandaraj. "Gestion de ressources basée sur la qualité dans les réseaux sans-fil." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647693.
Full textLhomme, Walter. "Gestion d'énergie de véhicules électriques hybrides basée sur la représentation énergétique macroscopique." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-Lhomme.pdf.
Full textSuksomboon, Patitta. "Représentation de ressources pédagogiques basée sur des ontologies." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20118.
Full textWith the development of Internet Technology E-learning is becoming more and more widespread. Nowadays, e-learning is one of the most important channels for distribution and communication between teachers and learners. It refers to the use of computer technologies to design, create, deliver, manage and support learning for students and help teachers to provide their resources on the internet. Websites become more and more important communication lines between teachers and students. For teachers to prepare their courses, searching and collecting learning resources will be necessary in the preliminary step and those learning resources will be searched and browsed by students through many course's web sites over WWW technology. There are a multitude of courses available to students, some of which are very effective and some of which produce poor results. The problem is to distinguish between these learning objects and select the best ones for efficient home-study. Thus, pedagogical resources need to be organized to facilitate the access to these resources by teachers or students. In this research, we define an approach to represent pedagogical resources based on ontology and curriculum. It applies ontology to model pedagogical resources in respect with curriculum from authors, thus facilitating the design and development process. This research has produced both an approach that uses web graph representation, called S-node graph, and a system for Pedagogical Resources Management in respect with Ontology called PeRMO tool suit. The PeRMO approach provides learning objects representation to model course web sites, including a web view for users
Kaoud, Hebatalla. "Une analyse de la gouvernance et l'innovation des clusters basée sur le modèle de la Triple-Hélice." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT2021/document.
Full textThe development of innovation clusters has opened several research perspectives due to its importance in the academic world and in the managerial practices. The purpose of this research is to mobilize the Triple Helix model "State, Industry, Academy" in order to identify forms of governance favouring innovation of clusters. We have attached particular importance on the role played by the state and the policies it conducts in the development of these structures. The methodology is based on a qualitative approach based on "case studies". Three case studies were conducted on clusters mainly in the field of the Information Technology and Communication in Egypt: Smart Village of Cairo, Maadi Technology Park and Greek Campus. Data were collected from different sources (semi-structured interviews, non-participant observations, and secondary data). A complementary study was carried out on The Electronics, Mechanics and Mechatronics Cluster in Morocco and on the Morocco Microelectronics Cluster in order to reinforce the external validity of the research. Last but not least, we explored the case of CAPACITES; a knowledge valorization company created by the University of Nantes in France. The results of the research confirm that the diversity of governance forms of the three Egyptian clusters (public, private, public-private partnership) impacted the strategies of innovation and entrepreneurship. This thesis proposes the model O2 Innovation for the innovation of the clusters. The model highlights the importance of spreading the culture of entrepreneurship while emphasizing on the primary role of the academy in an open innovation process
Jaillet, Simon. "Catégorisation automatique de documents textuels : D'une représentation basée sur les concepts aux motifs séquentiels." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20030.
Full textArregle, Jean-Luc. "L'industrialisation des sociétés de conseil en management : une analyse basée sur les ressources." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX32030.
Full textThis research deals with the industrialization (size, standardization, information technology) of management consulting firms in france. The strategic perspective is supported by the "resource based" approach which defines strategic management as "firms attempt to identify, protect, and exploit their unique skills and assets in order to gain competitive advantage in the market place". A cross sectional analysis of 31 enterprises gives the possibility to identify 3 "core resources" : network, size, know how. In addition, competitive behaviours are identified according to the type of resources (skills versus assets). Linkages between different industrialization levels and "core resources" are observed showing the strategic dimension of this evolution. By the means, the resource based approach is validated. Subjects for further research are defined using time section analysis to identify the building of asset stocks and the level of sustainability of competitive advantages
Benmouna, Amel. "Gestion énergétique reconfigurable d'un véhicule électrique basée sur l'identification en ligne des sources embarquées." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCA020.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study of the reconfigurable energy management of an electric vehicle based on the online identification of embedded sources. In recent years, the energy management of a hybrid system for automotive applications has been the subject of a great number of research. In this study, the energy chain considered consists of a fuel cell as the main source, storage sources such as batteries and/or supercapacitors, converters for each source and finally a load emulating the power demand. Indeed, the problem in hybrid systems is to find a strategy for a better distribution of electrical power between the different embedded sources, which is the added value of this research work. As well as defining energy management laws by considering real-time measurements in order to increase the lifespan and reliability of sources on the one hand, and the availability of the electric vehicle on the other hand. In this thesis, the nonlinear control called IDA-PBC (Interconnection and Damping assignment-Passivity Based Control) is used with the PCH (Port Controlled Hamiltonian) structure which allows to present structural properties of the system namely total system energy, damping and state interconnections. The IDA-PBC method is a powerful nonlinear technique, it is considered as a general means to stabilize a large class of physical systems. In a second part of this work, an optimal energy management strategy is proposed for the hybrid system under study, which is the combination of IDA-PBC and Hamiltonian's Jacobi Bellman method. Proof of stability is provided and the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is demonstrated. Several experimental validations are presented
Ouertani, Mohamed Zied. "DEPNET : une approche support au processus de gestion de conflits basée sur la gestion des dépendances de données de conception." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00163113.
Full textC'est à la gestion de ce phénomène, le conflit, que nous nous sommes intéressés dans le travail présenté dans ce mémoire, et plus particulièrement à la gestion de conflits par négociation. Nous proposons l'approche DEPNET (product Data dEPendencies NETwork identification and qualification) pour supporter au processus de gestion de conflits basée sur la gestion des dépendances entre les données. Ces données échangées et partagées entre les différents intervenants sont l'essence même de l'activité de conception et jouent un rôle primordial dans l'avancement du processus de conception.
Cette approche propose des éléments méthodologiques pour : (1) identifier l'équipe de négociation qui sera responsable de la résolution de conflit, et (2) gérer les impacts de la solution retenu suite à la résolution du conflit. Une mise en œuvre des apports de ce travail de recherche est présentée au travers du prototype logiciel DEPNET. Nous validons celui-ci sur un cas d'étude industriel issu de la conception d'un turbocompresseur.
Kitio, Teussop Rosine. "Gestion de l'ouverture au sein d'organisations multi-agents : une approche basée sur des artefacts organisationnels." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00721828.
Full textYassir-Montet, Djida. "Une Approche hybride de gestion des connaissances basée sur les ontologies : application aux incidents informatiques." Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2006ISAL0110/these.pdf.
Full textThe work developped in this thesis deals with the problem of knowledge management within the organizations. Its aim is to propose methodological assistances and tools fa-cilitating the capitalization and reuse of knowledge producted and/or used by the actors of a company. We have suggested a hybrid approach based on a domain ontology. Set-tling down this approach requires the use of the techniques of the semantic Web such as XML and OWL. In this context, we have designed a corporate memory being able to interface with the information system of the company. Looking focustly on the context of software applications produced and/or being in production by the CIRTIL, organiza-tion attached to the social security in France for the account of its customers which are the URSSAF, we have developed a domain ontology of tha data-processing incidents. This ontology is regarded as a model which allows not only formal and consensual rep-resentations of knowledge of the field, but also a single access to knowledge resources thanks a shareable and nonambiguous terminology while offering mechanisms of rason-ing on modelled knowledge
Wang, Liming. "Gestion hiérarchisée de systèmes de production discrets : une approche basée sur les réseaux de Petri." Metz, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1995/Wang.Liming.SMZ9527.pdf.
Full textIn this dissertation, we are interested in the hierarchical management of discrete manufacturing systems. The study is based on Petri net theory. Manufacturing system management is a complicated task in practice, which necessitates the use of hierarchical approaches to deal with various degrees of complexity. A lot of effort has been done in the field of hierarchical management of manufacturing systems. However problems still remain particularly the issue of system integration. We have found that Petri net, especially CO (Controllable-Output) nets as proposed by researchers in INRIA-Lorraine, are a nice tool to handle the problem of system integration. In this work, a simple two-level system is first studied, which illustrates the advantages and disadvantages of hierarchical approach. Then, CO nets are formally defined and the properties of CO nets and the inegration of CO net modules are investigated. Such an investigation suggests that CO nets are a nice tool in the modular modelling and hierarchical management of discrete manufacturing systems. Modular modelling and hierarchical management is the point of view taken throughout the research work in the dissertation. In order to facilitate the study of hierarchical management, we have also proposed a new concept and developped an efficient method for simplifying Petri nets, especially CO net modules. Finally, a prototype package HMPS based on its predecessor MASP is developped as a result of the modular modelling and hierarchical management of discrete manufacturing systems
Kitio, Teussop Rosine. "Gestion de l’ouverture au sein d’organisations multi-agents : une approche basée sur des artefacts organisationnels." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EMSE0630/document.
Full textMulti-Agent Technology concerns the development of decentralized and open systemscomposed of different agents interacting in a shared environment. In recent years, organizationhas become an important in this research field. Many models have been, and are still,proposed. While no concensual model emerges of these different works, it appears that theyall lack the ability to build open and normative organizations in the sense of management ofentry / exit of agents into organization but also decentralized control / regulation of the autonomyof the agents. In this thesis, our objective consists in the definition of a new modeladdressing these requirements. Ours reseaches allow us to extend theMOISE+ organizationalmodeling language (OML) in a new version namming MOISE. In this one we define an Entry/ Exit specification allowing to explicitly specify the ways in which the agents can enter orexit in or from an organisation by providing some requirements according to the missions, thegoals and the roles of the organisation. The organizational management infrastructure (OMI)ORA4MAS proposed take advantage of the Agents and Artifacts (A&A) approach. We definedthe Organizational Artifacts concept as the basic building block of our OMI for themanagement of organized and open MAS. To focus our study, the organizational artifacts willbe defined considering the OML specification of the MOISE model. We experimented ourproposal with the specification of an application aiming to manage the build of a house. Wethen experimented the management of the candidate agents to enter in the organisation and cooperatewith the other to build the house according to a specified social scheme, the specifiednorms and their contract clauses negociated when they will be admitted in the organisation
Villarreal, Lizarraga Carmen Leonor. "Contribution au pilotage des projets partagés par des PME en groupement basée sur la gestion des risques." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7334/1/villarreal.pdf.
Full textLochon, Iris. "Effets du chaulage sur le fontionnement de l'écosystème prairial en moyenne montagne." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAC053/document.
Full textThe development of sustainable agriculture requires greater understanding of the impact of management practices on agroecosystem functioning, and on the ecosystem services provided by these agroecosystems. Representing nearly 68% of world's agricultural surfaces and contributing to the livelihoods of more than 800 million people, grasslands are one of the major agroecosystems where optimized agricultural practices are of concern. This PhD focuses on liming, a well-known practice for counteracting soil acidification (due to ongoing natural processes or accelerated by management practices), but which has variable efficiency in permanent grasslands. Indeed, liming effects on grassland are poorly documented and existing studies rarely take into account grassland multifunctionality. My thesis uses an integrated approach to improve the knowledge of liming impacts on grassland functioning. Different types of experiments – in the field (in situ), in semi-controlled conditions (mesocosms) and laboratory soil incubations (microcosms) – were used to study liming effects on different grassland compartments (vegetation, microorganisms, soil) along with possible interacting factors. Liming effectively increased soil pH in all the experiments. However, improving pH status did not always lead to greater forage production or increases in microbial and root biomass. My results showed that liming can enhance greenhouse gas emissions through several pathways (reemission of lime-derived carbon or stimulation of carbon mineralization), but may also reduce CO2 emissions from ecosystem respiration. Collectively, my findings emphasize the importance of pedoclimatic conditions for liming impacts on permanent grasslands and highlight the difficulty of upscaling liming effects, particularly on forage production and greenhouse gas emissions. The efficiency of liming appears to depend on the type and dose of soil improvers and can also interact with other management practices such as nitrogen fertilization and management intensification
Gousseva, Natalia. "Etude méthodologique sur la prise en compte des différences culturelles dans la gestion des projets internationaux basée sur une recherche entre la France et la Russie." Paris 9, 2005. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2005PA090003.
Full textDevelopment of international cooperation, increasing number of transnational companies and growing interests for international projects realisation require an application of new mode of management. The objective of this thesis is to shed a new light on the research of multicultural team management. In the framework of this research we testified the thesis hypothesis according to which the efficiency of international project management depend on using advantages of cross-cultural differences. The results of the conducted research show the great influence of cross-cultural differences on the international project management, as well as demonstrate dependence of management process from cultural component, presented by different factors of national culture. It confirms that leadership, multicultural team building and cooperation, the process of decision making, conflict resolving and motivation depend on the influence of national culture
Houé, Thierry. "L'influence des stratégies logistiques sur l'ancrage territorial des activités : contribution à une approche basée sur l'identification et l'interprétation de formes résiliaires dans un cadre géographique de proximité." Nancy2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NAN22005.
Full textToday logistics is an integral part of companies' strategic reflection. However the term "Logistics" tends to progressively vanish in favour of the notion of "Supply Chain" reinforcing an inter-organizational approach of the coordination of flows. A more cooperative attitude within the supply chain is evidence of the disappearance of the borders between companies and reveals the rise of logistical networks with the varied characteristics. This doctoral work is an attempt to distinguish the nature and functioning of the networks together with their impact on the territorial rise ans establishment of logistical activities. In order to answer this question, the research endeavours to identify and interpret the multiple networking forms in a local geographical frame symbolized by the Lorraine Region. A summary of the integrating and cooperative nature of logistics associated with an analysis of the localization strategies of this type of activity reveal the pertinence of the notion of network to characterize the organizational changes that these strategies have undergone. Contributions of Management Sciences and of other disciplines (economics and sociology) allow to uphold a general theoretical explanation of the network. The introduction of the concept of proximity completes this integrating frame by incorporating the space and time dimensions lacking from the preceding contributions and yet indispensable to the study of logistical networking structures and to the interpretation of their influence on the companies' setting-up and implanting. A qualitative analysis of several private and public logistical actors from the Lorraine Region reinforces the research proposals and gives prominence to a plurality of logistical networks based on different combinations of proximity methods. The research concludes that these types of organization have a varying influence on the establishment of the actors. Finally, this work provides a few ideas and recommendations that can serve a regional development policy of logistical activities
Mebarki, Nasser. "Une approche d'ordonnancement temps réel basée sur la sélection dynamique de règles de priorité." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10043.
Full textBenasser, Ahmer. "L'accessibilité dans les réseaux de Pétri : une approche basée sur la programmation par contraintes." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-65.pdf.
Full textLa complexité de l'exploration du graphe d'accessibilité est alors repoussée au niveau de la résolution de contraintes : la propagation des contraintes nous interdit d'explorer les branches qui correspondent à des séquences de steps qui ne mènent pas au marquage final désiré. Pour résoudre les problèmes d'ordonnancement, il est nécessaire d'introduire l'aspect temporel. Nous définissons un modèle de réseau de Pétri temporisé et autonome. A chaque marquage, nous associons une date pour chacune des places. Cette date correspond à la date de création du dernier jeton dans cette place. Ainsi, le temps n'est pas contrôlée par une horloge externe. Ce sont les tirs des transitions qui font varier localement au niveau des places le temps. L'algorithme d'accessibilité peut alors être adapté pour ce type de réseau. Nous obtenons alors des séquences de tirs dates qui peuvent etre interprétés comme des ordonnancements réalisables
Schacht, Rodriguez Ricardo. "Planification de la mission des drones basée sur le pronostic et la gestion de la santé." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0257.
Full textRotorcraft Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) with take-off and vertical landing capabilities or multirotors have proved to be an efficient and low-cost solution for civil flight applications due to significant advances in the development of robust and more efficient altitude and attitude control strategies, planning and re-planning algorithms capable of detecting and avoiding obstacles and Fault Diagnosis & Fault Tolerant Control methods. In most applications where multirotors are used, they develop different task as exploration, photogrammetry, filming, mapping and more recently all those dedicated to precision agriculture such as irrigation and crop monitoring. During the task development, the multirotor executes a mission which consists to fly through a set of paths connected by n reference points (named way-points) inside a known or unknown area. However, during the mission development, different negative factors decrease the multirotor flight performance such as environmental conditions, occurrence of faults or failures in actuators/sensors and energetic limitations due to the power source constraints. The energetic limitation problem in a multirotor are due to power capabilities that on-board battery can supply. Due to power and energy requirements, multirotors are powered by Lithium Polymer batteries which are rechargeable batteries of Lithium-Ion technology. They possess a polymer electrolyte instead of a liquid electrolyte and provide high power and energy densities. However, according to the use due to the number of charge/discharge cycles and other factors like damage provoked by over-discharges, the battery performances tend to decrease. Such decrease or aging causes a reduction in the efficiency of the UAV multirotor flight by the decrease of the total mission time or flight endurance, and leads to maneuverability problem, which increases the risk of crash and collision. This thesis topic addresses the issues concerning to battery performances and its influence into the mission and path planning tasks. By considering model-based prognosis techniques and path planning methods, a hierarchy mission planning strategy based on energy consumption is proposed and validated at simulation level considering different flight situations. The UAV performances, as well as its capability to execute and fulfill a mission is weighted by the computation of the battery State of Health (SoH) which is an index to measure the degradation level of the battery. The SoH helps to estimate the battery Remaining Useful Life (RUL) and establishes the energy limitation by the computation of the Maximum Flight Endurance (MFE). Such information is necessary to path planning generation which not only consider the constraints related to the power source but also the scopes and limitations of the mission to be executed. In addition, the main concern of this thesis are long time-distance missions e.g exploration or inspection of remote areas where it is fundamental to have a proper use of energy aboard the multirotor
Abdeldjelil, Hanane. "Une approche adaptative basée sur la diversité pour la gestion des fautes dans les services Web." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10212/document.
Full textFault Tolerant Web services are components with higher resilience to failures that result out of various unexpected faults for instance software bugs and machine crashes. Since it is impractical to predict the potential occurrence of a fault, a widely used strategy consists of duplicating, in a passive or active way, critical components (e.g., Web services) that interact during a distributed application execution (e.g., composition). The ability of this application to continue operation despite component failures is referred to as Fault Tolerance (FT). Duplication is usually put forward as a solution to make these components fault tolerant. It is achieved through either replication or diversity. In this thesis, we are particularly interested in diversity, and we show how semantically similar Web services, i.e., offer same functionality (e.g., Weather Forecast) but implement this functionality differently in terms of business logic and technical resources, collaborate together to make web services fault tolerant. We illustrate the limitations of replication (e.g., presence of replicated faults) and suggests diversity as an alternative solution. Our literature review revealed a limited interest in diversity for FT Web services
Tocquer, Gérard. "Les sources d'avantages concurrentiels dans les services : une approche basée sur les compétences." Nice, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NICE0040.
Full textThe objective of his research is to validate the ressources based theory in the services sector. The research model integrates the process by which competences emerge and the consequences to be conpetent. The investigation field is the airlines industry. The results show that service quality is more important how service productivity for explaining airlines profitability
Jlassi, Aymen. "Optimisation de la gestion des ressources sur une plate-forme informatique du type Big Data basée sur le logiciel Hadoop." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4042.
Full text"Cyres-Group" is working to improve the response time of his clusters Hadoop and optimize how the resources are exploited in its data center. That is, the goals are to finish work as soon as possible and reduce the latency of each user of the system. Firstly, we decide to work on the scheduling problem in the Hadoop system. We consider the problem as the problem of scheduling a set of jobs on a homogeneous platform. Secondly, we decide to propose tools, which are able to provide more flexibility during the resources management in the data center and ensure the integration of Hadoop in Cloud infrastructures without unacceptable loss of performance. Next, the second level focuses on the review of literature. We conclude that, existing works use simple mathematical models that do not reflect the real problem. They ignore the main characteristics of Hadoop software. Hence, we propose a new model ; we take into account the most important aspects like resources management and the relations of precedence among tasks and the data management and transfer. Thus, we model the problem. We begin with a simplistic model and we consider the minimisation of the Cmax as the objective function. We solve the model with mathematical solver CPLEX and we compute a lower bound. We propose the heuristic "LocFirst" that aims to minimize the Cmax. In the third level, we consider a more realistic modelling of the scheduling problem. We aim to minimize the weighted sum of the following objectives : the weighted flow time ( ∑ wjCj) and the makespan (Cmax). We compute a lower bound and we propose two heuristics to resolve the problem
Chamekh, Fatma. "L’évolution du web de données basée sur un système multi-agents." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3083/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we investigate the evolution of RDF datasets from documents and LOD. We identify the following issues : the integration of new triples, the proposition of changes by taking into account the data quality and the management of differents versions.To handle with the complexity of the web of data evolution, we propose an agent based argumentation framework. We assume that the agent specifications could facilitate the process of RDF dataset evolution. The agent technology is one of the most useful solution to cope with a complex problem. The agents work as a team and are autonomous in the sense that they have the ability to decide themselves which goals they should adopt and how these goals should be acheived. The Agents use argumentation theory to reach a consensus about the best change alternative. Relatively to this goal, we propose an argumentation model based on the metric related to the intrinsic dimensions.To keep a record of all the occured modifications, we are focused on the ressource version. In the case of a collaborative environment, several conflicts could be generated. To manage those conflicts, we define rules.The exploited domain is general medecine
Izza, Saïd. "Intégration des systèmes d'information industriels : une approche flexible basée sur les services sémantiques." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00780240.
Full textQu, Xiaozhi. "Localisation basée amers visuels : détection et mise à jour d’amers avec gestion des incertitudes." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1005/document.
Full textMobile mapping is the process of collecting geospatial data with a moving vehicle. These vehicles are often equipped with two types of sensors: remote sensing (cameras, lidar, radar) and geo-localization (GNSS, IMU, odometer). Precise and robust georeferencing has been a major challenge for the implementation of mobile mapping systems. Indeed, in dense urban environments, the masks of signals and multipath errors corrupt the measurements and lead to big positioning errors. High precision IMUs enable to bridge the gaps of positioning and ensure a drift low enough to fulfil the requirements of mapping in terms of accuracy. Nowadays, the hybrid positioning systems (GNSS / IMU / Odometer) are mature enough to provide reliable industrial solutions for the collection of geo-referenced data. National and private mapping agencies have started to collect the required row data for building geospatial repositories at very large scales. However, the very high cost of positioning systems incorporating high precisions IMUs restricts their use to the establishment of geospatial reference data and more affordable positioning solutions are needed for map updating purpose.The objective of this thesis is to provide a low cost positioning solution that can be used on a large number of map updating vehicles.We propose to use one or more cameras on a vehicle as a georeferencing system. Indeed, the vehicle’s trajectory can be estimated using visual odometry techniques. To limit the drift of the trajectory due to the accumulation of errors, we propose a registration on a set of visual landmarks that are precisely georeferenced. These landmarks are reconstructed using the reference data generated by precise and expensive mapping systems. Natural road features such as road markings and traffic signs were chosen as visual landmarks.A local bundle adjustment algorithm has been adapted to estimate the pose of the vehicle using a sequence of images acquired by one or more embedded cameras. A rigorous approach that takes into account the uncertainties enables to tune automatically the weights of every constraint in the equation system of the adjustment and to estimate the uncertainties of the parameters. They are used in a propagation based matching algorithm that accelerates the process of tracking the interest points between the images and eliminate many false matches. This significantly reduces the drift of the visual odometry by reducing the sources of errors. The remaining part of the drift is removed using georeferenced visual landmarks. The process of matching the image sequence with the landmarks is guided by the uncertainty of the poses. It adds a set of absolute constraints in the equation system of bundle adjustment. The drift is drastically reduced. Each step of the algorithm is evaluated on real image sequences with ground truths
Akgul, Yeter. "Gestion de la consommation basée sur l’adaptation dynamique de la tension, fréquence et body bias sur les systèmes sur puce en technologie FD-SOI." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20132/document.
Full textBeyond 28nm CMOS BULK technology node, some limits have been reached in terms of performance improvements. This is mainly due to the increasing power consumption. This is one of the reasons why new technologies have been developed, including those based on Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI). Moreover, the standardization of complex architectures such as multi-core architectures emphasizes the problem of power management at fine-grain. FD-SOI technologies offer new power management opportunities by adjusting, in addition to the usual parameters such as supply voltage and clock frequency, the body bias voltage. In this context, this work explores new opportunities and searches novel solutions for dynamically manage supply voltage, clock frequency and body bias voltage in order to optimize the power consumption of System on Chip.Adjusting supply voltage, frequency and body bias parameters allows multiple operating points, which must satisfy the constraints of functionality and performance. This work focuses initially at design time, proposing a method to optimize the placement of these operating points. An analytical solution to maximize power savings achieved through the use of several operating points is provided. The second important contribution of this work is a method based on convexity concept to dynamically manage the supply voltage, the frequency and the body bias voltage so as to optimize the energy efficiency. The experimental results based on real circuits show average power savings reaching 35%
Dion, Yves. "Optimisation de la gestion en temps réel des réseaux urbains de drainage basée sur la qualité des eaux." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2012. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1096/1/Dion_Yves.pdf.
Full textTebbani, Badis. "Gestion des réseaux basée sur les contrats de niveaux de service-SLA- : application dans un environnement sans fil-." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066560.
Full textGhemmogne, Fossi Leopold. "Gestion des règles basée sur l'indice de puissance pour la détection de fraude : Approches supervisées et semi-supervisées." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI079.
Full textThis thesis deals with the detection of credit card fraud. According to the European Central Bank, the value of frauds using cards in 2016 amounted to 1.8 billion euros. The challenge for institutions is to reduce these frauds. In general, fraud detection systems consist of an automatic system built with "if-then" rules that control all incoming transactions and trigger an alert if the transaction is considered suspicious. An expert group checks the alert and decides whether it is true or not. The criteria used in the selection of the rules that are kept operational are mainly based on the individual performance of the rules. This approach ignores the non-additivity of the rules. We propose a new approach using power indices. This approach assigns to the rules a normalized score that quantifies the influence of the rule on the overall performance of the group. The indexes we use are the Shapley Value and Banzhaf Value. Their applications are 1) Decision support to keep or delete a rule; 2) Selection of the number k of best-ranked rules, in order to work with a more compact set. Using real credit card fraud data, we show that: 1) This approach performs better than the one that evaluates the rules in isolation. 2) The performance of the set of rules can be achieved by keeping one-tenth of the rules. We observe that this application can be considered as a task of selection of characteristics: We show that our approach is comparable to the current algorithms of the selection of characteristics. It has an advantage in rule management because it assigns a standard score to each rule. This is not the case for most algorithms, which focus only on an overall solution. We propose a new version of Banzhaf Value, namely k-Banzhaf; which outperforms the previous in terms of computing time and has comparable performance. Finally, we implement a self-learning process to reinforce the learning in an automatic learning algorithm. We compare these with our power indices to rank credit card fraud data. In conclusion, we observe that the selection of characteristics based on the power indices has comparable results with the other algorithms in the self-learning process
Kanso, Marwa. "Contribution à la construction des configurations des systèmes manufacturiers : une approche basée sur la décision multi-critère." Lorient, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LORIS212.
Full textReconfigurable manufacturing systems are designed to ensure a fast response to help adjust production capacity and system functionality according to market changes and/or sudden disruptions during production. This response is strongly associated to the reconfigurable character of such a system. The challenge today lies in the optimization of the reconfiguration so as to ensure production continuity by developing configuration construction methodologies to suit not only the needs of the system, but its characteristics as well. A set of criteria is used so that the defined metrics are taken into account in order to build the configuration that best meets the system requirements. The multi-criteria decision making method AHP is the one we have propped to make decisions which would ensure cost/performance trade off. An approach based on multi-criteria decision is proposed in this work to construct configurations in manufacturing systems. An extension phase of the system description is thus introduced to take into account the required parameters for criteria calculations. The flexibility level of the built configurations ensures provisional continuity of the production which avoids the reconfiguration process at best. A configuration generator tool has been developed and the various proposals, as well as the operation of our tool have been validated on two different experimental applications
Tawbi, Chawki. "Adactif : extension d'un SGBD à l'activité par une approche procédurale basée sur les rendez-vous." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30262.
Full textChazara, Philippe. "Outils d'élaboration de stratégie de recyclage basée sur la gestion des connaissances : application au domaine du génie des procédés." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015INPT0141/document.
Full textIn this work, a study is realised about the creation of a new methodology allowing the generation and the assessment of new waste recovery processes. Three elements are proposed for that. The first one is the creation of a modelling framework permitting a structured and homogeneous representation of each recovery process and the criteria used to asses them. The second one is a system and a tool generating new recovery processes from others known. Finally, the last element is another tool to model, to estimate and to asses the generated processes. The creation of a modelling framework tries to create some categories of elements allowing the structuring of unit operations under different levels of description. Three levels have been identified. In the higher level, the Generic operation which describes global structure of operations. The second one is Generic treatment which is an intermediate level between the two others. It proposes here too categories of operations but more detailed than the higher level. The last one is the Unit operation. A second framework has been created. It is more conceptual and it has two components : blocs and systems. These frameworks are used with a set of selected indicators. In a desire of integrating our work in a sustainable development approach, an indicator has been chosen for each of its components: economical, environmental and social. In our study, the social impact is limited to the number of created jobs. To estimate this indicator, we proposed a new method based on economical values of a company. The tool for the generation of new waste recovery processes used the methodology of case-based reasoning CBR which is based on the knowledge management. Some difficult points are treated here to adapt the CBR to our problem. The structuring of knowledge and generally the source case generation is realised by a system based on connections between data and the use of inference mechanisms. The development of a new method for the similarity measure is designed with the introduction of common definition concept which allows linking states, simply put description of objects, to other states under different levels of conceptualizations and abstractions. This point permits creating many levels of description. Finally, recovery process is decomposed from a main problem to some sub-problems. This decomposition is a part of the adaptation mechanism of the selected source case. The realisation of this system is under logic programming with Prolog. This last one permits the use of rules allowing inferences and the backtracking system allowing the exploration to the different possible solution. The modelling and assessment of recovery processes are done by a tool programmed in Python. It uses the meta-programming to dynamically create model of operations or systems. Constraint rules define the behaviour of these models allowing controlling the flux circulating in each one. In the evaluation step, a parser is used to convert theses rules into a homogeneous system of constraint programming. This system can be solved by the use of solvers with an interface developed for that and added to the tool. Therefore, it is possible for the user to add solvers but also to add plug-ins. This plug-ins can make the assessment of the activity allowing to have different kinds of evaluation for the same criteria. Three plug-ins are developed, one for each selected criterion. These two methods are tested to permit the evaluation of the proposed model and to check the behaviour of them and their limits . For these tests, a case-base on waste has been created Finally, for the modelling and assessment tool, a study case about the recovery process of used tyres in new raw material is done
Diego, Maza William David. "Contrôle de trafic et gestion de la qualité de service basée sur les mécanismes IP pour les réseaux LTE." Thesis, Télécom Bretagne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TELB0406/document.
Full textThe mobile data landscape is changing rapidly and mobile operators are today facing the daunting challenge of providing cheap and valuable services to ever more demanding customers. As a consequence, cost reduction is actively sought by operators as well as Quality of Service (QoS) preservation. Current 3GPP standards for LTE/EPC networks offer a fine tuning QoS (per-flow level), which inherits many characteristics of legacy telco networks. In spite of its good performance, such a QoS model reveals costly and cumbersome and finally, it remains very rarely deployed, thereby giving way to basic best-effort hegemony. This thesis aims at improving QoS in mobile networks through cost-effective solutions; To this end, after an evaluation of the impact and cost of signaling associated with the standard QoS model, alternative schemes are proposed, such as the IP-centric QoS model (per aggregate) inspired from the DiffServ approach widely used in fixed IP networks. This model provides a simple, efficient and cost-effective IP level QoS management with a performance level similar to standardized solutions. However, as it requires enhancements in the eNB, this scheme cannot be expected in mobile networks before a rather long time.Thus, we introduce Slo-Mo, which is a lightweight implicit mechanism for managing QoS from a distant point when the congestion point (e.g. eNB) is not able to do it. Slo-Mo creates a self-adaptive bottleneck which adjusts dynamically to the available resources taking advantage of TCP native flow control. Straightforward QoS management at IP level is then performed in the Slo-Mo node, leading to enhanced customer experience at a marginal cost and short term
Nguyen, Huy-Hoang. "Coordination des avions pour la résolution de conflits : Une approche basée sur le graphe PERT disjonctif." Compiègne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004COMP1493.
Full textKexel, Christoph. "La production et la gestion des connaissances dans le marketing des moteurs de recherche : une approche basée sur l'apprentissage par l'action." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE0034.
Full textSince the late 1980s the development of the Internet has empowered customers to choose from an extensive range of products and suppliers and to make purchases more efficient and flexible (Chaffey et al, 2006). In online marketing the potential customer opens a communication channel to the marketer by seeking information with search engines ((Chaffey et al, 2006), (Bogner, 2006)), so that ‘being found’ represents the crucial success factor for today’s organizations. However, modern firms are surprisingly sluggish in appreciating the critical importance of online marketing (Schubring, 2008). This dissertation aims to design a methodology for improvement of marketers’ knowledge and online marketing skills. The dissertation initially develops an action learning based model for conveying the basic concepts necessary for marketing practitioners. This methodology is then applied and evaluated in a controlled higher education environment by also conveying the expertise to a control group in a traditional form. An analysis of the efficacy of the different knowledge-transfer methods is provided in order to identify the optimal learning approach. The data collected on assumed knowledge improvements illustrate that optimal results have indeed been obtained in all subcategories of Internet marketing by the proposed framework. The dissertation concludes that the methodology is indeed able to instill the compulsory know-how in order that practitioners may cope with and make use of the World Wide Web – despite its vagaries. The findings advance business practice by providing a possibility of effective on-the-job training for the key organizational function of online marketing. This may facilitate corporate learning models in a more general context
Haddad, Ramzi. "Coordination des conflits aériens en présence d’incertitudes : Une étude basée sur l'ordonnancement à contraintes de ressources." Compiègne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006COMP1634.
Full textThe volume of the air traffic increased 80% in ten years, a growth that is called to continue. The improvements of the present systems of air-traffic management should permit to face this increase until the middle of the next decade. Ln response to this necessity, this thesis work is located between the junctions of two domains: project resources constraints scheduling and the air-traffic coordination. We constructed a dynamic system that permits to resolve air traffic management problems under uncertainties while integrating various techniques adapted to the hazards existing in the context. Our privileged application domain was the coordination (En-Route) of the aerial traffic. This type of project presents features raising form scheduling and organization under uncertainties domains
Mollo, Vanina. "Usage des ressources, adaptation des savoirs et gestion de l'autonomie dans la décision thérapeutique." Paris, CNAM, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CNAM0601.
Full textVarnier, Christophe. "Extensions du "Hoist scheduling problem" cyclique : résolution basée sur un traitement des contraintes disjonctives en programmation en logique avec contraintes." Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA2006.
Full textLauters, François. "Impacts sur l'écosystème aquatique de la gestion par éclusées des ouvrages hydroélectriques : étude de quelques cours d'eau et analyse des phénomènes mis en jeu." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30140.
Full textDahmani, Sarra. "Proposition d’un cadre méthodologique pour la gestion du processus de servicisation en entreprise industrielle : approche basée sur les risques décisionnels." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMSE0789/document.
Full textThe economic context marked by market saturation and constantly changing environment, the sustainability of traditional differentiation business strategies based on product innovation or decreased prices, is increasingly weakened. A new approach to development for industrial companies is to provide a service offering that can be substituted to product supply initially proposed by the company, it consists in offering an integrated product-service system (PSS). The user can thus benefit from the availability of products to meet his needs without owning them. The development of the transition to PSS within the manufacturing industry is a qualified scientific movement known as “servitization of manufacturing”.Servitization represents a major change for the management of industrial enterprises. This is a transition that involves significant challenges that can be: technical, managerial, and cultural. Its deployment in the enterprise carries different risks and confronts decision makers to several issues.This thesis proposes an overall methodological framework for integrating the consideration of decision risks in managing transition to an integrated PSS supply model. We consider servitization as a decision-making process carrying decisional risks that can be characterized and diagnosed with the purpose of improving decision-making capabilities of the business.This methodological framework is structured around the components of modeling servitization decision process (according to a formalism based on GRAI business modeling framework) and risk modeling; it is composed of three phases:Phase A named “explorating servitization process”, its purpose consists of making a formal representation of the industrial enterprise’s servitization decision-making process studied according to a decision-making reference model that we defined previously; Phase B named “evaluation and characterization of decisional risks” comes to characterize the decision risks according to their areas of occurrence and effects, in order to deduce a criticality assessment of potential risks carried by the process; And phase C named “diagnosis and remediation of decisional risks”, its purpose is to make an interpretation of diagnosis results and to propose a remedial plan to assist decision-makers in their decision making process. Two case studies on industrial SMEs are used to illustrate this thesis
Chauvin, Alan. "Contribution à l'optimisation globale pour le dimensionnement et la gestion d'énergie de véhicules hybrides électriques basée sur une approche combinatoire." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0101/document.
Full textHybridization of power sources for embedded applications becomes an interesting solution to respect environmental legislation and achieve a higher energy efficiency. However, the choice for components sizing and the energy management strategy need to meet specifications while reducing costs. To solve this optimization problems including several types of variables can be complex because of non linearities included in the formulated problem. Therefore the use of effective solving tools, able to provide a reliable solution, is required. In this thesis, a global optimization method is proposed for the design and the optimal control of hybrid vehicles based on combinatorial optimization, particularly on integer linear programming. From a non-linear optimization problem, the initial problem is reformulated into a multitude of integer linear sub-problems for which a parallel Branch & Bound algorithm is executed. In order to solve large-scale problems, a second algorithm based on the Branch & Cut is developed. This method is used for the study of a hybrid power supply system of a mini-excavator electric. The optimization problem, where energy constraints and aging constraints are implemented, is evaluated according to several parameters and specifications. Finally, this approach is also applied for the optimization of trajectories for a synchronized multi-actuators system
Ramamonjisoa, David. "Architecture de copilotage et de contrôle d'exécution basée sur un système expert temps réel." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMP574S.
Full textDing, Hongwei. "Une approche d'optimisation basée sur la simulation pour la conception des chaînes logistiques : applications dans les industries automobile et textile." Metz, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2004/Ding.Hongwei.SMZ0414.pdf.
Full textIn this thesis, a simulation-based multi-objective optimization method is proposed for supply chain design under realistic conditions. The proposed approach is comprised of two building blocks: an optimizer and a simulation model builder. The optimizer, based on a multi-objective genetic algorithm, is used to direct the search for best-compromised solutions with respect to various conflicting criteria, such as cost and customer service level. The optimization variables incorporate not only the supply chain structure but also the system control parameters. Candidate solutions suggested by the optimizer are evaluated through simulation, which enables realistic evaluations taking into account uncertainties and dynamics along supply chain. The simulation model builder is developed to facilitate automatic model creation, which is a challenging issue as decision variables also involve the supply chain network structure. Two real-life case studies, from the automotive and textile industry, are presented to validate the proposed method and to illustrate its various features
L'Héritier, Cécile. "Une approche de retour d’expérience basée sur l’analyse multicritère et l’extraction de connaissances : Application au domaine humanitaire." Thesis, Nîmes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NIME0001.
Full textBecause of its critical impacts on performance and competitivity, organizations’ knowledge is today considered to be an invaluable asset. In this context, the development of methods and frameworks aiming at improving knowledge preservation and exploitation is of major interest. Within Lessons Learned framework – which proposes relevant methods to tackle these challenges –, we propose to work on an approach mixing Knowledge Representation, Multiple-Criteria Decision Analysis and Inductive Reasoning for inferring general learnings by analyzing past experiences. The proposed approach, which is founded on a specific case-based reasoning, intends to study the similarities of past experiences – shared features, patterns – and their potential influence on the overall success of cases through the identification of a set of criteria having a major contribution on this success. For the purpose of highlighting this potential causal link to infer general learnings, we envisage relying on inductive reasoning techniques. The considered work will be developed and validated through the scope of a humanitarian organization, Médecins Sans Frontières, with a focus on the logistical response in emergency situations
Amar, Bensaber Boucif. "Etude des protocoles de communication de groupe : MTCP, une solution basée sur une extension de TCP." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05S006.
Full textDarwich, Akoum Hind. "Approche organisationnelle basée sur le paradigme agent pour la synthèse et la réutilisation des connaissances en ingénierie collaborative." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0224/document.
Full textIt is well known in the enterprises that each new projectto be carried out is usually similar to a certain previous projects. Those projects can be structured according to a common reference process depending on their type. In the dissertation, we call this reference process of the enterprise’s good practices the “expertise business process”. The main difficulty lies in the formalization of the expertise business process. The traditional knowledge capitalization approaches based on the experts’ debriefings showed their limits: the experts often leave out details which may be of relevance because the debriefings are habitually realizedexternally to the activities. Our thesis relies on the idea that it is possible to construct the operational process, implemented during the collaborative activities in a product development study, from the traces recorded by the used IT tools. The constructed operational process allows the business actors and experts to step back on their work and formalize the new deducted experience to enhance the expertise business processes of the firm. Our work had taken place in the ERPI (Equipe de Recherche sur les Processus Innovatifs) laboratory of the “Université de Lorraine” under a partnership with TDC Software society and through a CIFRE Convention. This dissertation offers five key contributions: • A double cycle to capitalize over the instrumented activities. • A global approach for the management of expertise business processes. • An ontology “OntoProcess” to conceive the generic organizational aspects, separating distinctly the concepts related to traces from those related to the business process, and providing extensions in function of the used tools. • A multi-agents system based on the ontology “OntoProcess” to support the presented global approach of the expertise business processes management. • A trace based system that allows the construction of the operational process from the traces registered over the study