Relevant bibliographies by topics / Germany. 1918, May 7

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Academic literature on the topic 'Germany. 1918, May 7'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Germany. 1918, May 7"

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Monballyu, Jos. "Het uur van de vergelding. Vlaamse activisten voor de krijgsraad van het Groot Hoofdkwartier van het Leger (23 januari tot 30 juni 1919). Deel 2." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 70, no. 1 (March 24, 2011): 7–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v70i1.12328.

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Indien men de geschiedenis van de strafrechtelijke repressie van het Vlaamse activisme na de Eerste Wereldoorlog ten gronde wil bestuderen, moet men niet alleen de parlementaire verklaringen, de gerechtelijke statistieken en de kranten omrent die repressie raadplegen, maar vooral de gerechtelijke archieven uitpluizen die deze repressie heeft nagelaten. In dit artikel wordt dit voor de eerste keer gedaan voor de Vlaamse activisten die door de krijgsraad van het Groot Hoofdkwartier van het Leger werden veroordeeld. Die krijgsraad te velde kreeg tussen 19 november 1918 en 13 mei 1919 het monopolie van de bestraffing van zowel burgeractivisten als militaire activisten en behield dit monopolie tussen 14 mei 1919 en 30 september 1919 voor de militaire activisten. Na deze laatste datum werden de Vlaamse burgeractivisten vervolgd voor de provinciale Assisenhoven en de militaire activisten voor de provinciale krijgsraden.Het krijgsauditoraat van het Groot Hoofdkwartier vervolgde uiteindelijk 689 gewone burgers en 105 militairen voor (Vlaams en Waals) activisme (inbreuk op artikel 104, 115, lid 5 en 118bis van het Belgische strafwetboek). Hiervan moesten er zich uiteindelijk slechts drieëndertig Vlamingen (26 burgers en 7 militairen) verantwoorden voor de krijgsraad van het Groot Hoofdkwartier. Vier van hen werden vrijgesproken en negenentwintig tot een straf veroordeeld. De hoogste straf was een doodstraf, die in hoger beroep werd omgezet in een buitengewone hechtenis van twintig jaar. De laagste straf bestond uit een gevangenisstraf van twee jaar. Onder de veroordeelde burgers waren er twee die deel hadden uitgemaakt van de tweede Raad van Vlaanderen en twee die de Duitsers hadden benoemd in de door hen opgerichte Vlaamse administratie. Alle andere waren plaatselijke propagandisten van het Vlaamse activisme. De zeven militairen waren allen verdacht van activisme in het bezette België tijdens de zes laatste maanden van de oorlog. Drie van hen waren vanuit het Frontgebied naar het bezette gebied overgelopen en drie andere genoten van een vervroegde terugkeer uit een krijgsgevangenenkamp in Duitsland waar ze zich ook al maanden voor de Vlaamse zaak hadden ingezet.________The day of reckoning. Flemish activists court-martialled at the Main Headquarters of the Army (23 January until 30 June 1919)In order to carry out a thorough study of the history of the criminal repression of Flemish activism after the First World War, you need to consult not only the parliamentary declarations, the legal statistics and the newspapers on the subject, but more in particular research the court records reporting on that repression. This article is the first to study the Flemish activists who were sentenced by the court-martial at the Main Headquarters of the Army. From 19 November 1918 until 13 May 1919 that field court-martial was given the monopoly of prosecuting both civilian and military activists and it retained this monopoly for the prosecution of military activists between 14 May 1919 and 30 September 1919. After the latter date the Flemish civilian activists were prosecuted by the provincial Assize Courts and the military activists by the provincial court-martials. Eventually the military tribunal of the Main Headquarters prosecuted 689 civilians and 105 military on the basis of (Flemish and Walloon) activism (infringement of article 104, 115 paragraph 5 and 118bis of the Belgian Criminal Code). Finally only 33 Flemish (26 civilians and 7 military) had to account for their actions in front of the court-martial of the Main Headquarters. Four of them were acquitted and twenty-nine were sentenced. The most severe penalty was a death sentence, which was converted on appeal to an exceptional imprisonment of twenty years. The most lenient penalty was two years imprisonment. Two of the convicted civilians had been part of the Second Council of Flanders and two of them had been appointed by the Germans to be part of the Flemish administration they had established. All the others had been local propagandists of Flemish activism. The seven military had all been suspected of activism in occupied Belgium during the last six months of the war. Three of them had deserted from the Frontline to the occupied territory and three others had been granted an early return from a prisoner of war camp in Germany where they also had dedicated themselves for months to the Flemish cause.
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Di Giacomo, Domenico, and James W. Dewey. "The (Mythical) M 8.2 Off Coast of Peru Earthquake of 12 December 1908." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 1 (November 20, 2019): 488–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220190232.

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Abstract Global earthquake catalogs covering the early twentieth century differ in their listings of a large earthquake, or earthquakes, on 12 December 1908. Some catalogs list an M∼7 earthquake originating in northern Myanmar (Burma) at ∼12:55 UTC on that date. Other catalogs do not list the Myanmar origin but list an earthquake with magnitude 8.2 originating in or near Peru at 12:08 UTC on the date. Some catalogs list both origins, but sometimes with additional evidence suggesting that the 1908 M 8.2 Peru origin may be “mythical.” In a review of arrival times of phases reported in seismic bulletins of 1908, conducted specifically to identify data that might be consistent with the sometimes‐cataloged Peru origin, we do not find a coherent set of such data. Many bulletin arrival times reported for 12 December 1908, however, are mutually consistent with the cataloged Myanmar origin. Comparisons of seismograms recorded at the Seismological Observatory of Göttingen in Germany (station GTT) on 12 December 1908 with seismograms obtained on the same instruments for later large earthquakes that are reliably located in Myanmar and Peru, respectively, are consistent with the implication of the bulletin arrival‐time observations. We conclude that a major earthquake did indeed occur in or near northern Myanmar on 12 December 1908 but that there was not on that date a great earthquake near Peru that would correspond to the sometimes‐cataloged M 8.2 Peru origin.
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Moravek, A., T. Foken, and I. Trebs. "Application of a GC-ECD for measurements of biosphere–atmosphere exchange fluxes of peroxyacetyl nitrate using the relaxed eddy accumulation and gradient method." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 7, no. 2 (February 26, 2014): 1917–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-7-1917-2014.

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Abstract. Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) may constitute a significant fraction of reactive nitrogen in the atmosphere. Current knowledge about the biosphere–atmosphere exchange of PAN is limited and only few studies have investigated the deposition of PAN to terrestrial ecosystems. We developed a flux measurement system for the determination of biosphere–atmosphere exchange fluxes of PAN using both the hyperbolic relaxed eddy accumulation (HREA) method and the modified Bowen ratio (MBR) method. The system consists of a modified, commercially available gas chromatograph with electron capture detection (GC-ECD, Meteorologie Consult GmbH, Germany). Sampling was performed by trapping PAN onto two pre-concentration columns; during HREA operation one was used for updraft and one for downdraft events and during MBR operation the two columns allowed simultaneous sampling at two measurement heights. The performance of the PAN flux measurement system was tested at a natural grassland site, using fast response ozone (O3) measurements as a proxy for both methods. The measured PAN fluxes were comparatively small (daytime PAN deposition was on average −0.07 nmol m−2 s−1 and, thus, prone to significant uncertainties. A major challenge in the design of the system was the resolution of the small PAN mixing ratio differences. Consequently, the study focuses on the performance of the analytical unit and a detailed analysis of errors contributing to the overall uncertainty. The error of the PAN mixing ratio differences ranged from 4 to 15 ppt during the MBR and between 18 and 26 ppt during the HREA operation, while during daytime measured PAN mixing ratios were of similar magnitude. Choosing optimal settings for both the MBR and HREA method, the study shows that the HREA method did not have a significant advantage towards the MBR method under well mixed conditions as it was expected.
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Gross, W., and H. P. Schultze. "Zur Geschichte der Geowissenschaften im Museum für Naturkunde zu Berlin. Teil 6: Geschichte des Geologisch-Paläontologischen Instituts und Museums der Universität Berlin 1910–2004." Fossil Record 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 5–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/fr-7-5-2004.

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Die Entwicklung des Geologisch-Paläontologischen Instituts und Museums der Universität Berlin von einer Institution, die Geologie zusammen mit Paläontologie als eine Einheit vertrat, über eine Institution, die eine geotektonische Ausrichtung hatte, zu einer auf Paläontologie konzentrierten Institution wird nachvollzogen. Die beiden Institutsdirektoren am Anfang des 20sten Jahrhunderts waren Vertreter der allumfassenden Geologie des 19ten Jahrhunderts, während die beiden folgenden Direktoren eine Geologie ohne Paläontologie vertraten. Das führte zu einer Trennung der beiden Richtungen, und nach der III. Hochschulreform der DDR 1968 verblieb allein die sammlungsbezogene Paläontologie am Museum. Nach der Wiedervereinigung wurde ein Institut für Paläontologie mit biologischer Ausrichtung mit zwei Professuren, einer für Paläozoologie und einer für Paläobotanik, eingerichtet. <br><br> The development of the Geologisch-Paläontologisches Institut und Museum of the Museum für Naturkunde at the Humboldt University (formerly Friedrich-Wilhelm-Universität) in Berlin from a geology-paleontology institution to a pure paleontology institution is described. The first two directors of the department in the beginning of the 20th century, Prof, von Branca and Prof. Pompeckj, represented a 19th century concept of a geology, which included paleontology, even vertebrate paleontology as the crown jewel of geology. They fought sometimes vigorously against a separation of paleontology from geology. The next two directors. Prof. Stille and Prof, von Bubnoff, were the leading geologists in Germany; to be a student of Stille was a special trade mark in geology of Germany. They represented a geology centered on tectonics. The separation of paleontology as separate section was prepared. The destructions of the Second World War, the following restaurations and the division of Germany into two States influenced strongly their directorships. The education of geologists at the Museum für Naturkunde ended with the III. University Reform of the German Democratic Republik in 1968. Paleontology was represented by the international renown vertebrate paleontologist, Prof. Dr. W. Gross, up to 1961. Since 1969, paleobotany was strengthened by the inclusion of the paleobotany unit of the Akademie der Wissenschaften into the museum. After reunification of Germany n 1990, the department was rebuild as a Institut für Palaontologie with close connection to biology, a unique situation in Germany. Two professorships, one for paleozoology, Prof. Schultze. and one for paleobotany, Prof. Mai, were established. The number of curators increased to ten from one under the first director of the 20th century. <br><br> doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmng.20040070103" target="_blank">10.1002/mmng.20040070103</a>
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Bleaney, Brebis. "Edward Mills Purcell. 30 August 1912 — 7 March 1997." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 45 (January 1999): 437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.1999.0029.

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Professor Edward Purcell was a physicist of great distinction. With Felix Bloch he received the joint award of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1952, for the developments respectively of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear induction. In 1951, H.L. Ewen and Purcell (21)* detected radiation at the hydrogen hyperfine frequency of 1421 MHz coming from interstellar space, which created a new branch of astronomy. The Smith–Purcell effect (28) is now regarded as a potentially powerful source of radiation in the far infrared region of the spectrum. These were further achievements of prize–winning quality. Edward Mills Purcell was born in Taylorville, Illinois, USA, the son of Edward A. Purcell and Mary Elizabeth Mills, both natives of Illinois. From public schools in Taylorville and Mattoon, Illinois, he won a scholarship to Purdue University, Indiana. He graduated in 1933 in electrical engineering and published two papers (1, 2) on thin films with Professor K. Lark–Horowitz. Realizing that Purcell's gifts and interests lay in mathematics and physics, Lark–Horowitz invited him to take part in a research project on electron diffraction while he was still an undergraduate, and then recommended him for an exchange studentship in Germany. Purcell spent a year studying physics at the Technische Hochschule in Karlsruhe, with Professor W. Wenzel. On his return he entered Harvard University to work under J.H. Van Vleck (For.Mem.R.S. 1967; Nobel Laureate in Physics 1981). With Malcolm Hebb, who later became Director of Research at the Laboratories of the General Electric Company in Schenectady, New York, he made a theoretical study (3) of the properties of paramagnetic salts below 1 K. This publication was widely used for the interpretation of magnetic cooling experiments in low–ndash;temperature physics, including my own thesis work in 1937–39. Later, when I mentioned it, Purcell, always a modest man, said, ‘that was all Hebb’.
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Sribnyak, I. "The Community of Ukrainian Prisoners of War “Independent Ukraine” at the Final Stage of the Existence of the Camp Rastatt, Germany (May – November 1918)." Problems of World History, no. 6 (October 30, 2018): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2018-6-12.

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The article deals with the specifics of the functioning of the community of captured Ukrainian soldiers “Independent Ukraine” at the final stage of the camp Rastatt. The most important thing was that the Ukrainian community “Independent Ukraine” of the camp Rastatt trained a large number of nationally conscious Ukrainians, of whom, in February 1918, the first units of the national army were formed. At this time prisoners found them in a very difficult situation, which was caused by food shortage that Germany was going through at this time. Equally important was the work of liquidation committee and department “Help the Ukrainian Cultural Committee in Germany” in Rastatt, which on August 1, 1918 took over maintenance of the cultural and organizational work in the camp. Through the efforts of its members in the camp continued carrying out educational work, and the camp remained the center of Ukrainian life until its liquidation in November 1918.
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Monballyu, Jos. "The force of law of decree-laws in Belgium during and after the First World War." Tijdschrift voor rechtsgeschiedenis 83, no. 1-2 (May 31, 2015): 248–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718190-08312p12.

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When Belgium was overrun by Germany in 1914 neither the Belgian constitutional legislator, nor the Belgian legislator had determined how the police powers of the civil authorities could be transferred to the military authorities in the case of a war. Article 130 of the Constitution determined that the Constitution and the constitutional rights and freedoms it provided could never be suspended wholly or in part. This created a problem. There were several statutes which provided merely a limited answer for some situations. When Belgian military authorities instead of civil authorities took measures which invaded upon constitutional rights, disputes arose. In order to avoid these, the Belgian King enacted the decree-law concerning the state of war and the state of siege on 11 October 1916. Many provisions of this decree-law had been taken from the French war laws of 9 August 1849 and 4 April 1878, but – contrary to these French laws – the Belgian decree-law was not based on a formal constitutional stipulation. This decree-law, which contravened the Belgian Constitution of 7 February 1831 and the fundamental rights and freedoms which were safeguarded by this Constitution in several respects, made it possible to take a number of measures during the state of war and the state of siege. As soon as these different provisions were applied, several citizens protested against them. Their protest was mainly aimed at the force of ‘law’ of the decree-law of 11 October 1916 and all of the other decree-laws. The rest of this contribution will detail when and why this protest took place, as well as how the Belgian administration of justice dealt with this protest.
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Britten, C. M., L. Mueller, A. Knights, and G. Pawelec. "Cancer Immunotherapy 2004: Mainz, Germany, 6?7 May 2004." Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy 53, no. 12 (August 31, 2004): 1153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00262-004-0580-2.

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Schneider, Ivo. "Acceptance and criticism of science and technology in the German Empire and the Weimar Republic." European Review 7, no. 2 (May 1999): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798700004002.

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In the first years after World War I there was a strong reaction against science and technology in Germany that was backed by the Lebensphilosophie and Anthroposophie movements. This sudden change in public opinion was not the result of new concepts and convictions that did not exist before; rather, the spectrum of opinions in the Weimar Republic continued those of the Wilhelminian period. However, the strength of critical voices was increased substantially as a result of the defeat in the war and its consequences. It may be that the enfranchisement of women in Germany in 1918 at least indirectly influenced the substantial shift in opinion after 1918. The continuity of a critical attitude towards science and technology from 1870 to 1933 seems deeply rooted in the German educational system and among the leaders of society, stemming from the so-called Bildungsbürgertum.
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Morozova, Olga M. "1918: “Zero” German Armed Intervention of the Russian Don." Herald of an archivist, no. 1 (2021): 141–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2021-1-141-155.

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The internal situation in the Don region in 1918, during the intervention of armed units of the Austrian and German armies, has been overshadowed in the scholarship by two key phenomena: fates of the Volunteer Movement and formation of the quasi-state, All-Great Don Host. It is important to reconstruct the events that took place in the Don towns and villages in May–November 1918. Historical sources are scattered throughout archives and libraries. The author has used fonds of the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the State Archive of the Rostov Region, and the Center for Documentation on the Contemporary History of the Rostov Region. Austrian and German units that appeared on the borders of the Don region in early May 1918 engaged in combat only with the Red Army detachments. Cossacks and foreign troops fought together from the very beginning. In future, the German administration strove to organize uninterrupted supplies of industrial raw materials and products, food and fodder from the Don territory. In order to do this, the Germans occupied key control points and transport communications in the Western part of the region. A double government was introduced in the villages: alongside atamans there appeared German commandants. Re-election of Ataman P. N. Krasnov in August 1918 was ensured by the Germans; his most influential opponents were neutralized; censorship for the press was introduced. The Germans held a neutral position towards Russian officers and the Volunteer Army. The experience of intervention in the South of Russia influenced the fate of Germany, as German soldiers received a practical lesson in revolutionary action. Presence of the Central Powers’ troops in Russia forced the Entente countries to intervene more actively in the affairs of their former ally. Germany assumed that successful results of the armistice on the Eastern Front could be replicated on the Western Front.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Germany. 1918, May 7"

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Poppe, Judith. ""Ich dichte in die wüste Zeit" - Ich-Konstruktionen in der Lyrik der deutschsprachiger Schriftsteller_innen Israels." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0028-86AD-7.

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Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht eine in der bisherigen Literaturgeschichtsschreibung unbeachtete Literatur – die deutschsprachige Literatur Israels. Exemplarisch wird dafür die Lyrik zweier Autor_innen, Jenny Aloni und Netti Boleslav, in den Blick genommen. Jenny Aloni und Netti Boleslav emigrierten Ende der 1930er Jahre aus dem nationalsozialistischen Deutschland bzw. Prag nach Israel, fanden dort eine neue Heimat und verfassten bis zu ihrem Tod in den 1980er bzw. 1990er Jahren in deutscher Sprache Lyrik und Prosa. Leben und Werk der Autor_innen werden in der Arbeit auf der Basis von Dokumenten wie Tagebüchern, Briefen und unveröffentlichten Manuskripten rekonstruiert, die hier zum Teil erstmals aus dem Nachlass gezogen und in die literarische Öffentlichkeit eingebracht werden. Die hermeneutische Untersuchung der Gedichte in ihrem poetischen Eigenwert wird durch die Einbeziehung poststrukturalistisch-kulturwissenschaftlicher Methoden ergänzt. Die Studie rückt die Ich-Konstruktionen in den Fokus – sowohl die der empirische Autor_innen als auch die der literarischen Ichs – und verfolgt damit die Fäden an unterschiedliche Zeiten und Orte zurück, in und an denen die Literatur ihre Spuren hinterlassen hat. Auf der Basis der Analysen wird die untersuchte Literatur, basierend auf Konzepten von Deleuze/Guattari und Kühne, schließlich als „Kleine Zwischenliteratur“ bezeichnet. Die Literatur Alonis und Boleslavs erscheint in Spannungsfeldern zwischen deutschem und israelischem Literaturbetrieb, mäandert zwischen Einheiten wie Böhmen, dem nationalsozialistischen und postnationalsozialistischen Deutschland, dem Staat Israel, der CSSR aber auch zwischen „jüdischer“ und „israelischer“ Literatur, deutscher Popkultur, Naturlyrik und zionistischer Geschichtsschreibung. Die Literaturgeschichte hat diese einmalige Positionierung der deutschsprachigen Literatur bisher nahezu unbeachtet gelassen. Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit wird dieser blinde Fleck geschlossen. Um dieser Literatur ihr Zuhause zu geben, so die abschließende Forderung der Arbeit, sind transdisziplinär und transnational Überlegungen anzustellen, wie die Literaturwissenschaft den Schnittmengen zwischen diesen zwei Literaturgeschichten institutionell und konzeptionell gerecht werden kann.
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Books on the topic "Germany. 1918, May 7"

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Bonn, Moritz J. Defense SAXON-FPN radar equipment: Memorandum of understanding between the United States of America and the Federal Republic of Germany, signed at Washington and Bonn May 25 and June 1, 1990 with annexes. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of State, 1998.

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Bonn, Moritz J. Defense SAXON-FPN radar equipment: Memorandum of understanding between the United States of America and the Federal Republic of Germany, signed at Washington and Bonn May 25 and June 1, 1990 with annexes. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of State, 1998.

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Bonn, Moritz J. Defense SAXON-FPN radar equipment: Memorandum of understanding between the United States of America and the Federal Republic of Germany, signed at Washington and Bonn May 25 and June 1, 1990 with annexes. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of State, 1998.

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Bonn, Moritz J. Defense SAXON-FPN radar equipment: Memorandum of understanding between the United States of America and the Federal Republic of Germany, signed at Washington and Bonn May 25 and June 1, 1990 with annexes. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of State, 1998.

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Bonn, Moritz J. Defense EX-31 missiles: Memorandum of understanding between the United States of America and the Federal Republic of Germany, signed at Washington August 3, 1987 with annexes. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of State, 1998.

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Bonn, Moritz J. Defense EX-31 missiles: Memorandum of understanding between the United States of America and the Federal Republic of Germany, signed at Washington August 3, 1987 with annexes. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of State, 1998.

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Bonn, Moritz J. Defense EX-31 missiles: Memorandum of understanding between the United States of America and the Federal Republic of Germany, signed at Washington August 3, 1987 with annexes. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of State, 1998.

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1955-, Barkmann Udo B., Mongol Ulsyn Ikh Surguulʹ. Mongolyn Sudlalyn Surguulʹ., and Olon Uls Sudlalyn Khu̇rėėlėn (Mongolyn Shinzhlėkh Ukhaany Akademi). Mongolyn "German Sudlal" Tȯv., eds. Verträge und Abkommen zwischen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und der Mongolei =: Kholboony Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh German Uls ba Mongol Ulsyn khoorond baĭguulagdsan gėrėė, khėlėlt︠s︡ėėru̇u̇d. Ulaanbaatar: [s.n.], 2005.

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Bonn, Moritz J. Atomic energy: Information exchange and cooperation in nuclear safety matters : arrangement between the United States of America and the Federal Republic of Germany, signed at Berlin October 19, 1995 with annexes. Washington, D.C: Dept. of State, 2000.

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Bonn, Moritz J. Atomic energy: Information exchange and cooperation in nuclear safety matters : arrangement between the United States of America and the Federal Republic of Germany, signed at Berlin October 19, 1995 with annexes. Washington, D.C: Dept. of State, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Germany. 1918, May 7"

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Harper, Mary Jane, Steve L. Adams, Barbara J. Frieling, and Sandra L. Sprayberry. "7 April to 26 May 1918." In Yeats’s Vision Papers, 419–62. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10921-0_7.

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Gollancz, Hermann. "Nationalism Within Bounds." In Jewish Preaching in Times of War, 1800 - 2001, 364–74. Liverpool University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781906764401.003.0021.

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This chapter describes how Hermann Gollancz's Rosh Hashanah sermon enunciates a powerful and principled attack on nationalistic extremism and an endorsement of the fundamental value of inclusiveness, buttressed both by the religious theme of universal divine sovereignty and by an appeal to venerable British traditions. His sermon responds not to the external threat but to an internal issue: the treatment of German-born aliens. There were two main periods of xenophobic activism in Britain during the war. The first followed the sinking of the Lusitania on 7 May 1915 with the loss of over 1,000 lives. The second such period was the summer of 1918, immediately preceding the Rosh Hashanah sermon.
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"May 1918." In Paris 1918, 1–28. Liverpool University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt5vjh8b.7.

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Porter, Ian, and Ian D. Armour. "The Test of War, 1914–18." In Imperial Germany 1890–1918, 53–67. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315846439-7.

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"The Italian war of 1859." In Imperial Germany 1850-1918, 43–51. Routledge, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203021439-7.

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"Domestic Policies, 1871–90." In Imperial Germany 1871-1918, 25–42. Routledge, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203978849-7.

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"THE SECOND REICH: 1871–1918." In Germany - The Tides of Power, 22–45. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203639054-7.

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"4. BVerfGE 23, 258 Order of the First Senate of 7 May 1968 – 1 BvR 133/67 “Duty to promote families case” Decision on the duty of the state to promote families." In Decisions of the Bundesverfassungsgericht - Federal Constitutional Court - Federal Republic of Germany, 45–50. Nomos, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845237534-45.

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Osmond, Jonathan. "A Second Agrarian Mobilization? Peasant Associations in South and West Germany, 1918–24." In Peasants and Lords in Modern Germany, 168–97. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315180953-7.

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Grainger, John D. "Tupper Takes Command, March–May 1916." In The Maritime Blockade of Germany in the Great War: The Northern Patrol, 1914–1918, 390–446. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003122517-8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Germany. 1918, May 7"

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Papadaki, E., A. Fanouriakis, E. Kavroulakis, D. Karageorgou, P. Sidiropoulos, G. Bertsias, P. Simos, and D. Boumpas. "S3D:7 Cerebral hypoperfusion detected by perfusion-weighed mri may assist the diagnosis of primary diffuse neuropsychiatric lupus erythematosus." In 11th European Lupus Meeting, Düsseldorf, Germany, 21–24 March 2018, Abstract presentations. Lupus Foundation of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2018-abstract.18.

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Farinha, Ana, Rui Dias, Paula Heliodoro, and Paulo Alexandre. "SAFE HAVEN, HEDGE AND DIVERSIFICATION FOR STOCK MARKETS: GOLD VERSUS SILVER." In Fourth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/itema.s.p.2020.67.

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This paper aims to analyse if whether Gold (Gold Bullion: Zurich) and Silver (Silver Paris Spot E/KG) will be a safe haven for portfolio diversification in the financial markets of Germany (DAX 30), USA (DOW JONES), France (CAC 4 0), Italy (FTSE MID), United Kingdom (FTSE 100), Hong Kong (Hang Seng), China (SHANGHAI SE ASHARE), Japan (NIKKEI 225), in the period between 1 January 2019 to 2 September 2020. In order to perform this analysis where undertaken different approaches to analyse if: (i) the gold and silver market will be a safe haven when financial markets break down? (ii) If so, can market shocks question portfolio diversification? The results suggest 53 pairs of integrated markets (out of 90 possible). Gold and Silver have integrations with each other and with the USA, but the other financial markets integrate with Gold and Silver, namely the US, France, UK, Italy and Hong Kong markets (the latter only with Silver). The China market has a single integration but is integrated by the USA, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, and Germany, which partially rejects the first investigation question. In corroboration, causality tests show 67 causal relationships (out of 90 possible). The Markets of Italy (FTSE MID), the USA (DOW JONES) cause, in the Grangerian sense, all its peers (9 out of 9 possible), while France (CAC 40), the United Kingdom (FTSE 100), Japan (NIKKEI 225), and Germany (DAX 30) cause 8 out of 9. Silver and Gold cause the financial markets 7, and 6 times (out of 9 possible), respectively, while the Hong Kong (Hang Seng) and China (SHANGHAI) markets cause 3 and once, respectively, which validates the second investigation question. Given the high level of integration and shocks between markets, portfolio diversification may be brought into question. These findings also make room for market regulators to take steps to ensure better information among international financial markets.
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Imbert, Clément, and Reynold John. "TRANSITION FROM MASTER CRAFTSMAN TO ENGINEERING DEGREE." In International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020). Faculty of Engineering, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47412/aook6981.

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There is a great need for Master-Craftsmen who are highly valued in industry locally but are not afforded the same recognition as in Germany, so in order to encourage more applicants a bridging progression to a Bachelor’s degree should be devised. There are several paths to the education of engineers. Traditionally students of engineering attend secondary school from which they matriculate to a tertiary institution. In many countries candidates may opt to do an Associate degree articulating to a Bachelor’s degree. However, in some countries, it is possible to become an engineer without a traditional degree, usually in a more practically-oriented apprenticeship programme. In Britain for example, such candidates complete National Vocational Qualifications(NVQs) in engineering while working at a company. NVQs typically range from Level 1 to Level 8, Levels 6 and 7 being equivalent to Bachelor’s and taught Master’s degrees respectively. In Germany, there is also an alternative qualification to the Bachelor’s degree, the more practically-oriented Meister (Master-Craftsman in English), both of which are equally recognized and respected professionally and are both pegged at Level 6 in the 8-Level German National Qualifications Framework (NQF). The MIC Institute of Technology has adopted a Master-Craftsman programme which is accredited by the German Chamber of Crafts and Trades. Candidates have to first complete the (trimester) Journeyman programme comprising three years, about 50% of which comprise industrial attachments/internships. Successful Journeyman graduates can progress to the Master-Craftsman qualification by completing an extra (trimester) year of study. This paper deals with the progression of Master-Craftsman graduates, through advanced placement, in a Bachelor of Technology programme. The Master-Craftsman curricula have to be mapped against a typical Bachelor of Technology programme to determine the gaps in mathematical, theoretical and other areas and mechanisms to fill any gaps.
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Heliodoro, Paula, Rui Dias, Paulo Alexandre, and Maria Manuel. "THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 ON THE FINANCIAL MARKETS: EVIDENCE FROM G7." In Fourth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/itema.2020.103.

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This essay aims to analyse the impact of the 2020 global pandemic on the stock indexes of France (CAC 40), Germany (DAX 30), USA (DOW JONES), United Kingdom (FTSE 100), Italy (FTSE MID), Japan (Nikkei 225) and Canada (TSX 300), from January 2018 to June 2020, with the sample being divided into two sub periods: first sub period from January 2018 to August 2019 (Pre-Covid); second period from September 2019 to June 2020 (Covid-19). In order to carry out this analysis, different approaches were taken in order to analyse whether: (i) the global pandemic (Covid-19) increased the persistence of the G7 financial markets? In the Pre-Covid period, we can verify the presence of long memories in the Canadian market (TSX), while the markets in France (CAC 40) and Italy (FTSE MID) show signs of balance, since the random walk hypothesis was not rejected. The German (DAX 30), USA (DJI), United Kingdom (FTSE 100) and Japan (NIKKEI 225) markets have anti-persistence (0 <α <0.5). In period II, the Covid-19-time scale is contained, and we verified the presence of significant long memories, except for the US stock index (0.49). These findings make it possible to show that the assumption of the market efficiency hypothesis may be called into question, because these markets are predictable, which validate the research question. The results of the pDCCA correlation coefficients, in the Pre-Covid period, show 14 pairs of median markets (0.333 → ≌ 0.666). We can also see 7 pairs of markets with strong correlation coefficients (0.666 → ≌ 1,000), showing that these markets have a tendency towards integration, this evidence may call into question the hypothesis of portfolio diversification. In period II (Covid-19) the λ_DCCA correlation coefficients have 7 strong market pairs (0.666 → ≌ 1,000), 5 pairs have weak pDCCA coefficient (0.000 → ≌ 0.333), 5 market pairs show anti-correlation (-1.000 → ≌ 0.000), and 4 market pairs show median coefficients (pDCCA) (0.333 → ≌ 0.666) (out of 21 possible). When compared to the previous subperiod, we found that the majority of the pDCCAs decreased, which shows that the markets have decreased their integration, making it possible to diversify portfolios in certain markets, especially in the Japanese market (NIKKEI 225). These conclusions open space for market regulators to take measures to ensure better informational information, in the stock markets, in the 7 most advanced economies in the world.
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YEŞİLBURSA, Behçet Kemal. "THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN TURKEY (1908-1980)." In 9. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi. Ankara: Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-4794-5.08.

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Political parties started to be established in Turkey in the second half of the 19th century with the formation of societies aiming at the reform of the Ottoman Empire. They reaped the fruits of their labour in 1908 when the Young Turk Revolution replaced the Sultan with the Committee of Union and Progress, which disbanded itself on the defeat of the Empire in 1918. Following the proclamation of the Republic in 1923, new parties started to be formed, but experiments with a multi-party system were soon abandoned in favour of a one-party system. From 1930 until the end of the Second World War, the People’s Republican Party (PRP) was the only political party. It was not until after the Second World War that Turkey reverted to a multiparty system. The most significant new parties were the Democrat Party (DP), formed on 7 January 1946, and the Nation Party (NP) formed on 20 July 1948, after a spilt in the DP. However, as a result of the coup of 27 May 1960, the military Government, the Committee of National Union (CNU), declared its intentions of seizing power, restoring rights and privileges infringed by the Democrats, and drawing up a new Constitution, to be brought into being by a free election. In January 1961, the CNU relaxed its initial ban on all political activities, and within a month eleven new parties were formed, in addition to the already established parties. The most important of the new parties were the Justice Party (JP) and New Turkey Party (NTP), which competed with each other for the DP’s electoral support. In the general election of October 1961, the PRP’s failure to win an absolute majority resulted in four coalition Governments, until the elections in October 1965. The General Election of October 1965 returned the JP to power with a clear, overall majority. The poor performance of almost all the minor parties led to the virtual establishment of a two-party system. Neither the JP nor the PRP were, however, completely united. With the General Election of October 1969, the JP was returned to office, although with a reduced share of the vote. The position of the minor parties declined still further. Demirel resigned on 12 March 1971 after receiving a memorandum from the Armed Forces Commanders threatening to take direct control of the country. Thus, an “above-party” Government was formed to restore law and order and carry out reforms in keeping with the policies and ideals of Atatürk. In March 1973, the “above-party” Melen Government resigned, partly because Parliament rejected the military candidate, General Gürler, whom it had supported in the Presidential Elections of March-April 1973. This rejection represented the determination of Parliament not to accept the dictates of the Armed Forces. On 15 April, a new “above party” government was formed by Naim Talu. The fundamental dilemma of Turkish politics was that democracy impeded reform. The democratic process tended to return conservative parties (such as the Democrat and Justice Parties) to power, with the support of the traditional Islamic sectors of Turkish society, which in turn resulted in the frustration of the demands for reform of a powerful minority, including the intellectuals, the Armed Forces and the newly purged PRP. In the last half of the 20th century, this conflict resulted in two periods of military intervention, two direct and one indirect, to secure reform and to quell the disorder resulting from the lack of it. This paper examines the historical development of the Turkish party system, and the factors which have contributed to breakdowns in multiparty democracy.
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Turbat, Andre´, and Bernard Drubay. "Buckling Analysis in Creep Conditions: Review and Comparison." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22670.

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In the case of structures operating at high temperature in normal or accidental conditions, the influence of creep has to be considered at the design stage because this phenomenon may reduce the lifetime significantly. This is true in particular for buckling analysis : in creep conditions, the buckling sometimes occurs after a long period under a compressive load which is lower than the critical load assessed when considering an instantaneous buckling. The main reason is that creep deformations induce an amplification of the initial geometrical imperfections and consequently a reduction of the buckling load. Some Design Codes incorporate special rules and/or methods to take creep buckling into account. Creep buckling analysis methods aim at evaluating critical loading for a given hold period with creep or alternatively critical creep time for a given loading. The Codes where creep buckling is considered also define margins with respect to critical loading : it shall be demonstrated that creep instability will not occur during the whole lifetime when multiplying the specified loading by a coefficient (design factor) depending on the situation level. For the design of NPP, specific creep buckling rules exist in the US, France and Russia. In the US, ASME, Section III, Subsection NH, which is dedicated to high temperature components design, provides limits which are applicable to general geometrical configurations and loading conditions that may cause buckling due to creep behaviour of the material. For load-controlled time-dependent creep buckling, the design factors to apply to the specified loadings are 1.5 for levels A, B or C service loadings and 1.25 for level D service loadings. A design factor is not required in the case of purely strain-controlled buckling. No specific method is provided to obtain critical loading or critical time for creep instability. In France, creep buckling rules included in RCC-MR, Chapter RB or RC 3200 are similar to those of ASME, Subsection NH. In addition, a new simplified method has been developed recently to assess critical creep loading/time for a shell under mechanical loading. Diagrams, presently valid for 316 austenitic steel, have been established from a ring model with perfect plasticity. Creep buckling load is determined applying a reduction factor to Euler instantaneous buckling load, depending on temperature, hold time, thinness of the structure and geometrical imperfection amplitude. This method has been validated by experimental tests and finite element results. It will be included in Appendix A7 of RCC-MR, Edition 2000. In Russia, the document PNAE G-7-002-86 applicable to NPP equipment and pipeline strength analysis, presents stability check analytical calculations to be performed to determine the allowable loading or allowable operation lifetime for typical geometries (cylindrical shells, dished ends) and loadings (external pressure, axial force). In the case of stability analysis under creep, creep deformation is assessed using a Norton law. In Germany, a KTA project including an analytical method for creep buckling analysis had also been proposed at the beginning of 90th to be used in HTR development. Finally, in India, a creep buckling analysis method has been proposed in the framework of PFBR project. As per this approach, elastic-plastic analysis should be performed replacing the instantaneous stress-strain curve at the design temperature by the isochronous curve for the time corresponding to the lifetime of the component and the same temperature. These methods are applied in the case of cylindrical shells under external pressure and comparative results are provided. The RCC-MR method appears to be reasonably conservative and applicable with several creep law types.
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Bakirov, Murat, Sergei Chubarov, Igor Frolov, and Joerg Gastrock. "Development of Universal Methodology of Specimen Free Nondestructive Inspection (Control) of Mechanical Properties of NPP Equipment Metal in All Stages of Lifetime." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75606.

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Ever-increasing requirements for reliability and safety of equipment in nuclear power plants (NPP) dictate a necessity to obtain reliable and validated information about the condition of materials in the most safety-relevant and economically vital systems structures and components (SSC). Thus it is a state of science and technology approach to use one method, one methodic and one methodology to facilitate these goals with the purpose of keeping NPPs operating safely by virtue of knowing the state of ageing they are in (with respect to design limits and margins). Method of the control/measurement/testing - how to conduct measurements; methodic - how to interpret the results of measurement; methodology - the program of the control/inspection and testing programmes: localities to conduct the tests, how often, and to follow evolution of test results with the aim of acting before a failure occurs. Such methodology should be based on the use of specimen-free nondestructive method of the inspection (control), which could be used successfully at all stages of life cycle of the equipment: manufacturing, construction, installation of NPP, operation and during the NPP operation through integration into the Plant Life Management (PLiM) programme [1]. It will facilitate a real picture of change (degradation) of a SSC material’s condition in the zones subjected to the harschest stressors (neutron irradiation, erosion-corrosion/flow, thermal fatigue, vibration etc). Currently, there are various approaches used in the world to follow NPP ageing degradation, but until now, no specific methodology is used that could supply all the necessary information [2]. Therefore, there is no way to use various results. Thanks to considerable advances over the last 20 years or so, the science of hardness testing offers an elegant, non-destructive way to obtain vital materials properties — even in-situ on operating SSC [3–6]. In particular, the material’s elastic-plastic condition may be measured, giving indications on tensile yield stress elevation due to hardening and also loss in ductility. The work-hardening index may be easily obtained, giving information on the ability of the material (e.g. pressure vessel steel and weld) to deform plastically without brittle fracture. Taking into account the experience of the Center of Material Science and Lifetime Management Ltd. (CMSLM Ltd.) in the use of methods of hardness testing for the inspection of the equipment of NPP of Russian manufacture in Russia, Germany, Czech, Slovakia, Bulgaria [7], and also similar successful works in this direction in USA (Oakridge) [8], to Czech (NRI Rez) and other countries, it can be seen that the most promising direction in the field of specimen-free inspection of mechanical properties by use of hardness and hardness-related characteristics is use of the kinetic indentation method (KIM, ABIT). This method is based on recording the process of elastoplastic deformation caused by the indentation of a ball indenter. This method allows one to obtain, besides hardness values, tensile properties, elongation, work hardening coefficient, true-stress/true strain diagrammes which normally required the destructive testing of small specimens. However, till now there is no universal method of interpreting the information obtained, although it is generally known that irradiation causes a loss in ductility and increase in hardness and lowering of the work-hardening coefficient. Thus, it is necessary to develop a uniform methodology of using KIM, ABIT with reference to the inspection of materials which will allow to unify the inspection of materials of various classes of the equipment of NPP over all stages of life cycle. With the purpose of introduction of such a methodology it is necessary to develop and realize the program in the frames of IAEA with the above name.
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Reports on the topic "Germany. 1918, May 7"

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DeVault, R. (Working meeting of the International Energy Agency Annex 14 on Working fluids and transport phenomena in advanced absorption heat pumps, May 28-30, 1989, Stockholm, Sweden; May 31, 1989, Nykoping, Sweden; June 5, 1989, Stuttgart, West Germany; June 6, 1989, Essen, West Germany; June 7, 1989, Munich, West Germany): Foreign trip report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6099340.

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